Sequenzstratigraphie 2015 - TU Bergakademie Freiberg

Sequenzstratigraphie – Grundlagen
Literaturempfehlung für Sequenzstratigraphie
sehr gute, einfache Übersichten:
Peter W. Homewood, Pierre Mauriaud & Francois Lafont (2000) : Best practices in sequence Stratigraphy.
For explorationists and reservoir engineers. – Elf EP Editions, Memoire 25, 81 pp. (im Netz unter Goggle als Kopie verfügbar)
Posamentier, Henry W. & George P. Allen (1999): Siliciclastic Sequence Stratigraphy - Concepts and Applications.Society of Economic Petrologists and Paleontologists, Concepts in Sedimentology and Paleontology, No 7, 210 pp.
Catuneanu, Octavian; Abreu, V.; Bhattacharya, J. P.; Blum, M. D.; Dalrymple, R. W.; Eriksson, P. G.; Fielding, Christopher R.;
Fisher, W. L.; Galloway, W. E.; Gibling, M. R.; Giles, K. A.; Holbrook, J. M.; Jordan, R.; Kendall, C. G. St.C.; Macurda, B.;
Martinsen, O. J.; Miall, A. D.; Neal, J. E.; Nummedal, D.; Pomar, L.; Posamentier, H. W.; Pratt, B. R.; Sarg, J. F.; Shanley, K. W.;
Steel, R. J.; Strasser, A.;Tucker, M. E.; and Winker, C. (2009): "Towards the Standardization of Sequence Stratigraphy“,
Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. Paper 238, pp. 1–33; doi: 10.1016/j.earscirev.2008.10.003
ausführlichere Standardwerke:
Miall, A. D. (1997): The geology of stratigraphic sequences.- Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 433 pp.
Miall, A. D. (2000): Principles of Sedimentary Basin Analysis.- Springer-Verlag, Berlin, Heidelberg, 616 pp.
Catuneanu, O. (2006): Principles of Sequence Stratigraphy.- Elsevier, 375 pp.
Wilgus, C. K., Hastings, B. S., Kendall, C. G. S. C., Posamentier, H. W., Ross, C. A. and Van Wagoner, J. C. (1988):
Sea-level changes: an intergrated approch. SEPM, Special Publication No. 42, 407 pp.
Graphic Correlation:
Mann, K. O. and Lane, H. R. (1995): Graphic Correlation.- SEPM Special Publication No. 53, 263 pp.
Im web verfügbare Sequence Stratigraphy Lectures:
(mehr oder weniger gut – aber tolle Bilder)
http://sepmstrata.org/Power-Point-Lectures/Seq-Strat-Lectures.html
Typen von Diskordanzen – englischer Sprachgebrauch
An unconformity is a buried erosional or non-depositional surface separating two rock masses or strata of
different ages, indicating that sediment deposition was not continuous.
Angular unconformity
An angular unconformity is an unconformity where horizontally
parallel strata of sedimentary rock are deposited on tilted and
eroded layers, producing an angular discordance with the
overlying horizontal layers. The whole sequence may later be
deformed and tilted by further orogenic activity.
Disconformity
A disconformity is an unconformity between parallel layers
of sedimentary rocks which represents a period of erosion
or non-deposition.[3] Disconformities are marked by features of
subaerial erosion. This type of erosion can leave channels and
paleosols in the rock record.
Paraconformity
A paraconformity is a type of unconformity in which strata are
parallel; there is little apparent erosion and the unconformity
surface resembles a simple bedding plane. It is also called
nondepositional unconformity or pseudoconformity.
Nonconformity
A nonconformity exists between sedimentary rocks and
metamorphic or igneous rocks when the sedimentary rock lies
above and was deposited on the pre-existing and eroded
metamorphic or igneous rock. Namely, if the rock below the
break is igneous or has lost its bedding by metamorphism, the
plane of juncture is a nonconformity.[6]
Angular unconformity – Winkeldiskordanz und Strukturdiskordanz zwischen variskisch gefaltetem
Unterkarbon (Kulm – Tubidit-Sequenzen) und transgressiv auflagerndem späten Perm (ZechsteinKarbonate mit Productiden); Kirchberg in Schwaara bei Gera
post-variscisches Tafeldeckgebirge
platform
variscisches Grundgebirge
basement
Arizona – Grand Canyon – the “Great Unconformity” = angular unconformity
Arizona – Grand Canyon
the “Great Unconformity” zwischen Praekambrium und Kambrium
disconformity
angular unconformity
„Great unconformity“ Grand Canyon
Permian Profile
Hermit Shale – WHITE 1927, Typ-Lokalität von Scoyenia, Supaia, Hyloidichnus…
Kaibab Kalkstein
Coconino Dünensandstein
Hermit Shale
Supaia-Group
Hermit Shale – WHITE 1927, Typ-Lokalität von Scoyenia, Supaia, Hyloidichnus…
- Füllung von Paläo-Tälern ?  eine Diskonformität
Arizona – Grand Canyon, mariner Kaibab Kalkstein und Coconino Dünensandstein, Perm
Arizona – Grand Canyon, Auflagerung Coconino sandstone auf Hermit shale- paraconform?
Angular unconfomity –Triassic T3 on Permian T2, Argana basin
Tal der Heiligen Reiser, Hettstedt bei Eisleben, Saale-Senke, Typ-Lokalität „Saalische Phase“
Eisleben-Fm., spätes Perm, Winkeldiskordanz und Strukturdiskordanz
Eisleben-Fm., Late Permian
Mansfeld-Subgroup, Late Pennsylvanian
Disconformity - Werderbruch bei Rothenburg/Saale, erosive Auflagerung der Siebigerode-Fm. auf Rothenburg-Fm.
Disconformity – erosive Auflagerung des marinenZechstein-Transgressionskonglomerates auf Oberrotliegend
kontinentalen Klastiten; Merzenberg (Schiefergasse) bei Gera
Transgressiv System Tract
klassischer Aufschluß Gera-Milbitz, Schiefergasse
am Merzenberg
Z1-Karbonat
Productus-Bank
Z-Konglomerat
Kupferschiefer
Grauliegend
Rotliegend
Schneider 1986, unpubl.
Eisleben-Fm., Z-Konglomerat, Kupferschiefer, Werra-Karbonat
Transgressiv system tract – Bahneinschnitt Blankenheim bei Mansfeld
Kupferschiefer
Z-Basissedimente
Kupferschiefer
Eisleben-Fm.
Z-Basissedimente
Eisleben-Fm.
maximum flooding surface = Kupferschiefer
Carizzo Arroyo, New Mexico – sequence boundary – Bursum / Abo Formation
Auflagerung Abo Fm. (alluviale red beds) auf Bursum Fm. (near shore shallow marine)
Bursum / Abo Fm. – Hiatus oder nicht?
Base level - Definition
Base level is the surface to which sediment accumulation fills up to or erodes down to and is related to continental erosion.
It is a dynamic surface controlled by erosion, sediment deposition, tectonic movement and eustasy.
Commonly base level is equated to relative sea level position, but it can be related to the water surface of lakes and/or local
equilibrium surfaces associated with river systems.
Unless indicated otherwise base level will be equated to relative sea level position, and so the base level of
depositional settings is thus controlled by a combination of eustasy and tectonic movement.
Accommodation is defined by Jervey (1998) as "the space available for potential sediment accumulation".
This space is the combined product of movement of:
 the sea surface (eustasy: global sea level measured from a datum such as the center of earth)
 the sea floor (tectonics)
 changes in rates of sediment accumulation.
incised valley – kontinental: Souss basin, Marocco
Ait Driss Mb., Ikakern Fm.
M.-L. Permian
Permian palaeo-valley in Stephanian sediments, Oued Issène canyon near Taghzout