VISA PMS Booklet Covers-pun-OUTLINES.indd
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bjt bxfAuxf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 bjt ivAuNqxf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 cfr-nukfqI pRogrfm . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 insLfn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 smfrt (SMART) bx . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 bYNikMg syvfvF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 cYikMg Kfqy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 syivMgjL Kfqy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ielYktRfink bYikMg . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 bcq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 ivafj df joV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 bcq dy vsIly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 AuDfr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 AuDfr kI huMdf hY . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 AuDfr dIaF iqMn “Cs” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 qqkrf kRYizt kfrz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 kRYizt kfrz 101 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 kfrz dI cox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 krjLy dI kImq . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 vsIly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 krjLf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 krjLy df Bfr . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 quhfzI kImq kI hY? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AuDfr lYxf . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . icqfvnI dIaF insLfnIaF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . krjLy ivwcoN inklxf. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . iblF dI AugrfhI krn vfilaF nfl gwl-bfq . . . . . . . . . . quhfzy hwk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . AuDfr bfry kONsilMg (slfh) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . vsIly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 22 I bjt bxfAuxf bjt ivAuNqxf syDF jy qusIN XkInI bxfAuxf cfhuMdy ho ik qusIN afpxI kmfeI nfloN vDyry Krc nhIN krdy, qF quhfnUM bjt bxfAuxf pvygf. bjt quhfzy pYsy dI iewk Xojnf hY jo quhfzy vwloN kmfey jFdy pYsy (quhfzI afmdn) aqy quhfzy vwloN kIqy jFdy Krc (Krcy) df ihsfb lgfAuNdI hY. hyT iliKaf cfrt ies bfry kuwJ slfh idMdf hY ik tYks qoN bfad afpxI GrylU afmdn nUM isafxp nfl ikvyN KrcIey. tYks qoN bfad KricaF bfry syDF: 30% mkfn leI 10% pwky KricaF leI 10% AuDfr moVx leI 10% inwjI KricaF leI 10% bcq cfr-nukfqI pRogrfm pihlf kdm: afpxI afmdn df ihsfb lgfAu mhInfvfr bjt bxfAux leI quhfnUM pqf hoxf cfhIdf hY ik quhfzy kol, tYks adf krn qoN bfad, hr mhIny Krc krn leI ikMnHy pYsy AuplbD hn. ieh quhfzI Kfls GrylU afmdn hY ikAuN ik ieh quhfzy vwloN srkfr nUM afpxIaF sfrIaF ktOqIaF krvfAux qoN bfad bc geI rkm hY. jy qnKfh quhfnUM mhIny ivwc iewk vfrI imldI hY, afpxI mhIny dI Kfls afmdn jfxn leI bws afpxI py-stwb qy ingfh mfr lvo. jy quhfnUM qnKfh hr hPqy, hr do hPqy bfad jF mhIny ivwc do vfrI imldI hY, quhfnUM afpxI mhInfvfr Kfls afmdn pqf krn leI kuwJ ihsfb-ikqfb krnf pvygf. • hPqfvfr qnKfh leI rkm nUM 4[333 nfl guxf kr idA • hr do hPqy bfad imlx vflI qnKfh leI rkm nUM 2[167 nfl guxf kr idAu • mhIny ivwc do vfrI imlx vflI qnKfh leI rkmF nUM 2 nfl guxf kr idA dUjf kdm: afpxy KricaF df aMdfjLf lgfA HiewQy qusIN ilKxf huMdf hY ik afpxf pYsf ikwQy Krcxf hY. hy qusIN afpxy KricaF nUM gruwpF ivwc vMz lvoN qF ieh Xfd rwKxf sOKf ho jFdf hY ik quhfzf sfrf pYsf ikwQy jFdf hY| qusIN ies nUM vwzy gruwpF, ijvyN “mkfn” aqy “krjLf” ivwc vMz skdy ho jF hr qrHF dy Krc igx skdy ho, ijvyN hr mhIny “kwpiVaF” qy ikMnHf aqy “afvfjfeI” qy ikMnHf Krc krdy ho. ijvyN vI quhfnUM ihsfb rwKxf sOKf lwgy, afpxy Krcy nMU Ausy qrHF hI vMz lvo. agly sPLy qy idwqf kflm Krcy dIaF alwg-alwg iksmF drsfAuNdf hY. qIjf kdm: Prk df ihsfb kro iewk vfrI qusIN afpxf bjt bxf ilaf hY, quhfnUM afpxI asl mhInfvfr afmdn aqy KricaF df irkfrz rwKxf pvygf. ies nfl quhfnUM jo rkm qusIN iksy cIjL qy Krcxf cfhuMdy ho aqy jo asl ivwc qusIN KrcI hY, dovF ivwckfr Prk pqf lwg jfvygf. sLurU-sLurU ivwc quhfnUM ienHF dovF ivwc bhuq sfry Prk njLr afAuxgy. iesy leI bjt bxfAuxf bVI cMgI gwl hY. ies nfl pqf lwg jFdf hY ik asl ivwc qusIN afpxf pYsf ikvyN Krcdy ho. cOQf kdm: pqf kroo, ktOqI kro aqy insLfnf rwK iewk vfrI kuwJ dyr afpxIaF Krc dIaF afdqF qy ingfh mfrn nfl ho skdf hY quhfnUM pqf lwgy ik qusIN kmfeI nfloN Krc vDyry krdy ho. quhfnUM ieh vI pqf lwgygf ik qusIN pYsf vDyry ikwQy Krcdyy ho. 1 Krcy dy vrgF dy nmUny irhfiesL • ikrfieaf jF mfrgyj dIaF iksLqF • pRfprtI tYks (jfiedfd qy tYks) pwky Krcy • • • • • • • • • • • • • ibjlI df ibl gYs df ibl tYlIPon df ibl sYWl Pon df ibl ieMtrnYWt df Krc bwcy dI dyK-ryK qy Krc pfxI df ibl Gr/ ikrfeydfr aqy gwzI df bImf kybl df ibl jIvn bImf kfr df rwK-rKfa gRosrI (kirafny) df ibl hor pwky Krcy krjLy dIaF iksLqF • • • • • lfeIn afPL kRYizt kRYizt kfrz kfr leI lon (krjL) stUzYNt (ividafrQI dy qOr qy) lon hor krjLy inwjI Krcy • • • • • • • • • • • • • kwpVy vflF dI ktfeI/ bxvfeI iPlmF, sLoa jF Kyz-myly bfhr rYstorYNtF qy Kfx-pIx bwicaF dIaF vDIk gqIivDIaF ielYktRfink vsqF, sI[zI[, zI[vI[zI[ dI KrId PrnIcr aqy Aupkrx (aYplfieMisjL) Gr dI murMmq sLOk pVHx dI sfmwgrI (aKbfrF, ikqfbF vgYrf) afvfjfeI dy Krc qohPy Putkl (zRfeIklIinMg, nyVy dy stor qy Krc, jF nkd KrId vgYrf bcq ivwc Xogdfn • • • • • 2 afr[afr[aYWs[pI[ (RRSP) afr[eI[aYWs[pI[(RESP) aYmrjYNsI PMz CuwtIaF leI PMz bYNk Kfqf jF hor bcqF keI mfmilaF ivwc, Krc ivwc ktOqI krnf koeI vwzI gwl nhIN huMdI. keI hornf ivwc, ieh bVf aOKf huMdf hY. Audfhrx vjoN, qusIN afpxf ikrfieaf aqy ibjlI df ibl dyxf hI hY. pr quhfzy leI sI[zI[ KrIdxf koeI lfjLmI nhIN huMdf. iewk vfrI qusIN jdoN isrP afmdn ijMnHf hI Krc krn dI afdq pf lYNdy ho, qusIN sLfied kfPI ijLafdf byiPkrI mihsUs kroNgy. qusIN iewdF dy ibl adf krn df dbfa mihsUs nhIN kroNgy ijnHF nUM dyx leI sLfied quhfzy kol pYsy nf hox. aqy ho skdf hY vkq-by-bkq quhfzy kol PflqU Krc leI jF BivwK dIaF loVF leI kfPI pYsy bc jfx| insLfny XojnfbMdI dI kfrvfeI kI qusIN iksy idn afpxf Gr bxfAuxf cfhuMdy ho? kI qusIN kfr KrIdxf cfhuMdy ho? hr iksy df koeI nf koeI supnf huMdf hY ijs nUM sfkfr krn leI pYsy dI loV pYNdI hY. afpxy supny sfkfr krn vfly lokF aqy supny sfkfr nf kr skx vfly lokF drimafn ieho hI Prk hY ik sfkfr krn vfly ivAuNq muqfbk cldy hn. hyTF quhfzy supinaF dI pUrqI krn leI iewk cfr-nukfqI ivAuNq idwqI jf rhI hY. 1. asfisaF dI loV quhfzIaF KfihsLF Auh cIjLF huMdIaF hn jo quhfzI ijLMdgI nUM suKflf jF afnMdfiek bxf idMdIaF hn pr ijnHF dI ijAuNdy rihx leI loV nhIN huMdI. ijvyN koeI ielYktRfink Kyz lYx dI quhfzI KfihsL ho skdI hY, pr quhfnUM ies dI jLrUrq nhIN huMdI. quhfnUM srdIaF leI iewk kot aqy iewk bYWz dI loV jLrUr pvygI ijnHF qoN ibnf ijLMdgI aOKI ho skdI hY. so, jo vI cIjLF hfsl krnf ijLMdgI leI cMgf ho skdf hY, AunHF dI sUcI bxf lvo| iPr, sUcI nUM vMz lvo. hr vsqU qy njLr mfro aqy ienHF qy KvfihsL (K) aqy jLrUrq (jL) dy qOr qy insLfnI lgfAu. jy kr iksy cIjL bfry quhfnUM pqf nhIN lwg irhf, afpxy afp nUM puwCo ik ies dy quhfzy kol hox nfl ijLMdgI ikMnHI ku sOKI ho jfvygI (jF nf hox nfl ikMnHI ku aOKI)| ies nfl pqf lwg jfvygf ik ieh KvfihsL hY jF jLrUrq”| 2. insLfny imwQo afpxI KfihsLF dI sUcI pfsy rwK idAu. hux, afpxIaF jLrUrqF dI sUcI nUM hfsl krnf insLfnf bxf lAu. keI lokIN afpxy leI rojLfnf, hPqy jF sfl Br leI insLfny imwQdy hn. ijvyN vI quhfzy leI PfiedymMd hovy, Ausy qrHF afpxy insLfny imwQ lvo. 3. iewk Xojnf bxf lvo jdoN insLfny sfmHxy hox, quhfnUM hux AunHF nUM hfsl krn leI iewk Xojnf jLrUr bxfAuxI pvygI. afpxy afp nUM hr insLfny dI pUrqI leI vDdf mihsUs kro. ies nUM kdmF ivwc vMz lvo. Audfhrx dy qOr qy, jy kr srdIaF df kot lYx leI qusIN 10 zflr pfsy rwK skdy ho, vyKo ieh kot lYx leI quhfnUM ikMnHf vkq lwg jfvygf. iPr hr hPqy 10 zflr bcfAux dI ihdfieq vflf iewk kYlMzr bxfAu. afpxI Xojnf nUM ilK lYx nfl ies nUM hfsl krnf afsfn ho jFdf hY. 4. kfrvfeI kro hux quhfzy kol iewk Xojnf hY. mubfrk! ies dIaF keI nklF ipRMt kr lvo, aksr ienHF qy ingfh mfro, aqy kfrvfeI kro. cusq jF smfrt (SMART) bxo iewk XQfrQvfdI insLfnf smfrt (SMART) hY (iewk qoN vDyry qrIikaF nfl) hfsl kIqy jfx-Xog: quhfzy insLfny dI pRfpqI qk cuwky jfx vfly kdmF nUM cuwkxf sMBv hoxf cfhIdf hY. Audfhrx: myrf bjt hr hPqy myry leI ieMnyH ku pYsy lFBy rwKxy sMBv kry ik mYN sfl dy ivwc-ivwc afpxy insLfny dI pRfpqI kr skF. pRfsMigk: insLfnf rwKx df mksd smJ afAuxf cfhIdf hY. qusIN ies qrHF dy insLfny leI imhnq krnf nhIN cfhoNgy jo quhfzIaF loVF muqfbk nhIN hY. Audfhrx: quhfnUM juwqIaF dy 18 joiVaF vfsqy pYsy joVx dI loV nhIN. smF-bwD: insLfny dI iewk pwkI qfrIK bMnHxf mhwqvpUrx hY. Audfhrx: imsqrI kihMdf hY ik myrI Pirwj ny iewk sfl vI hor nhIN kwZxf. agly awT mhIinaF dy aMdr-aMdr mYnUM hor Pirwj lYxf hI pYxf hY. Kfs (Specific) imxqI-Xog (Measurable) hfsl kIqy jfx-Xog (Attainable) pRfsMigk (Relevant) smF-bwD (Time-related) Kfs: smfrt insLfny ieMnHy ku ivsLysL huMdy hn ik iksy ivakqI nUM hrkq ivwc ilaf dyx. Audfhrx: iewk Pirwj KrIdx leI pYsy joVx df PYslf krnf (bjfey isrP ieMnHf kihx dy ik kuwJ pYsy joVo) imxqI kIqy jfx-Xog: quhfnUM pqf hoxf cfhIdf hY ik qusIN afpxf insLfnf kdoN hfsl kr ilaf hY, jF ies nUM hfsl krn dy ikMnHf nyVy ho. ijhVy insLfny imxy nhIN jf skdy, ijvyN mYnUM kuwJ hor pYsy cfhIdy hn, hfsl krny bVy musLikl huMdy hn. ies qoN ielfvf, koeI qrIkf vI nhIN huMdf ijs nfl pqf lwg sky iks qusIN insLfnf hfsl kr ilaf hY ik nhIN| Audfhrx: iksy Pirwj dI kImq 600 zflr hY, aqy quhfzy kol pihlF hI 300 zflr jmHF kIqy hoey hn. Pirwj KrIdx qoN pihlF quhfzy kol 300 zflr hor jmHF hoxf cfhIdf hY. 3 bYNikMg syvfvF jy quhfzI sfrI Aumr pYsf isrHfxy Qwly dy ky sOx dI slfh nhIN hY, ies nUM sMBfl ky rwKx leI quhfnUM iewk surwiKaq jgHf cfhIdI hY. hux bYNkF dI mhwqqf df pqf lwgdf hY. ieh quhfzI qnKfh dy cYkF, ibl adf krn dIaF syvfvF, BivwK leI bcqF krn vfsqy bcq krn dy Auqpfdn muhweIaf krdy hn. cYikMg Kfqy Kfqy df ihsfb-ikqfb rwKxf: kYNsl kIqf hoieaf koeI cYWk (quhfzy vwloN iliKaf igaf koeI cYWk jo quhfzy ivwqI adfry vwloN ieh drsfAuNidaf vfips kr idwqf igaf hY ik quhfzy Kfqy ivwcoN pYsy kZvfey jf cuwky hn), pYisaF dI adfiegI df sbUq hY. ies Aus vyly bVf lfhyvMd sfbq ho skdf hY jdoN qusIN afpxy afn-lfeIn bYNikMg pMny jF mhInfvfr stytmYNt qy hoeI rkm dI iksy inkfsI qy svfl AuTfAuxf cfhuMdy ho. ieh qF vI PfiedymMd huMdf hY jy kr qusIN sfbq krnf cfhuMdy ho ik ijs iksy dy qusIN pYsy dyxy sn, Aus nUM adfiegI ho cuwkI hY. cYikMg akfAUNt ikAuN KulHvfeIey? shUlq: jy quhfzy kol cYikMg Kfqf hY, qsIN bYNk jF mnI afrzr KrIdx leI zfkKfny jfx qoN ibnf hI cYWk kwt ky ibl adf kr skdy ho. qusIN post-zyitz cYWk (ijnHF df Bugqfn iksy bfad dI qfrIK qy hI ho skdf hY) kwt ky bfkfiedf rkmF dI adfiegI vkq-isr inbyV skdy ho. Audfhrx vjoN, hr mhIny dI pihlI qfrIK nUM adf kIqy jfx vfly ikrfey leI ikrfey dy post-zyitz cYWk| cYikMg Kfqy nfl iksy rwd kIqy cYWk nUM lf ky qusIN afpxy Kfqy ivwcoN rkmF dI bfkfiedf inkfsI (ijvyN aKbfr lvfAux leI cMdy dI adfiegI) df ieMqjLfm vI kr skdy ho. rwd kIqf cYWk quhfzI cYWkbuwk ivwcoN ilaf igaf iewk KflI cYWk huMdf hY ijs dy afr-pfr “VOID” ilK idwqf jFdf hY. ies qrHF ies cYWk nUM qF quhfzy Kfqy ivwcoN rkm kZfAux leI nhIN vriqaf jf skdf pr vpfrI leI quhfzy bYNk ivwcoN bfkfiedf rkmF kZvfAuxf afrMB krn leI luVINdI sfrI jfxkfrI ies ivwc huMdI hY. cYikMg Kfqy dy nfl iewk bYNk kfrz vI imldf hY jo quhfzy leI kYnyzf Br ivwc hjLfrF hI bYNk msLInF qy afpxy Kfqy qk rsfeI sMBv bxfAuNdf hY. ieh Xfd rwKo ik jy kr qusIN koeI aijhI ey[tI[aYWm[ (pYsy kZfAux aqy jmHF krvfAux leI bYNk msLIn) vrqdy ho jo quhfzy bYNk nfl sMbMDq nhIN hY, quhfzy qoN vfDU PIs vsUl kIqI jf skdI hY. 4 bcq krnf: cYikMg Kfqf rwKx dI kImq koeI cfr zflr pRqI mhInf hY. keI ivwqI sMsQfvF hr mhIny Kfqy ivwcoN rkm kZfAux, qbdIl krn, jF cYWk jfrI krn vrgy lYx-dyx imwQI igxqI ivwc muPq muhweIaf krdIaF hn. ivwqI sMsQfvF quhfnUM ibnf iksy PIs vfly Kfqy dI shUlq vI dy skdy hn bsLrqy qusIN Kfqy ivwc Gwto-Gwt kuwJ pYsf rwKx leI sihmq ho jfvo, aqy Kfqy ivclI rkm nUM ies pYsy qoN kdI vI Gtx nf dyvo. pr PIs nfl vI cYikMg Kfqf lgfqfr mnI afrzr KrIdx (hr vfrI 3 qoN 6[50 zflr) nfloN ssqf pYNdf hY. cYWk-buwk nUM bYlYNs krnf afpxy Kfqy ivwc hox vfly sB lYx-dyx df afpxy cYWk rijstr (Auh CotI ikqfb jo cYWkF dy nfl afAuNdI hY) ivwc ihsfb rwKxf jLrUrI hY. ies nUM ieMJ krnf hY: pihlf kdm: iewk korf kfgjL lY ky Aus Auwqy afpxy bYNk Kfqy ivwc peI rkm ilK lvo. dUjf kdm: koeI vI jmHF krvfeI rkm, jo qusIN afpxy cYWk rijstr ivwc drj kIqI hY pr hfly stytmYNt AuWqy nhIN idsdI, ies ivwc joV lvo. qIjf kdm: koeI vI bkfieaf cYWk, jo vI rkm qusIN zYibt (bYNk) kfrz nfl kZvfeI hovy, bfkfiedf aftomYitk kwZIaF jfx vflIaF rkmF ijnHF leI qusIN mnjLUrI idwqI hY, aqy iksy bYNk msLIn qy quhfzy vwloN kZvfeIaF rkmF ies ivwcoN kwZ idAu. cOQf kdm: jo nqIjf inkly, Aus nUM cYWk rijstr ivcly bYlYNs nfl imlf lvo. not: quhfzy cYWk rijstr ivcly bYlYNs nUM (ey) srivs PIsF jF hor KricaF; (bI) iswDIaF jmHF rkmF aqy imly ivafj, leI drusq kr dyxf cfhIdf hY. syivMgjL Kfqy syivMgjL akfAUNt KulHfAux dy Pfiedy jy kr qusIN afpxIaF QoVy smyN dIaF loVF leI pYsy bcfAuxy cfhuMdy ho, syivMgjL Kfqf PfiedymMd ho skdf hY| ies qrHF dy Kfqy nfl jmHF pey pYsy AuWqy ivafj pYNdf hY| ivafj Auh pYsf hY ijhVf bYNk quhfnUM quhfzy pYsy vrqx dyx leI adf krdf hY. bYNk aqy quhfzy vwloN KulHvfey Kfqy dI iksm, aqy ivafj dIaF mOjUd drF dyy ilhfjL nfl ivafj dI imkdfr vDdI-GtdI rihMdI hY. ielYktRfink bYNikMg ivwqI lYx-dyx aqy qknflojI koeI hYrfnI dI gwl nhIN hY ik qknflojI kfrx bYNikMg df kMm-kfj kfPI suKflf ho igaf hY. ies dIaF kuwJ AudfhrxF hyTF idwqIaF geIaF hn: rkm iswDI jmHF krfAuxf rkm iswDI jmHF krfAux nfl quhfzy bYNk Kfqy ivwc quhfzI qnKfh (jF srkfrI adfiegIaF) iswDIaF hI jmHF krfeIaF jf skdIaF hn. ies nfl smF, koisLsL aqy pYsf bcdf hY| afn-lfeIn bYNikMg afn-lfeIn bYNikMg nfl gfhk Kfqy ivwclI rkm dI igxqI pqf kr skdy hn, ibwl adf kr skdy hn, RRSP jmHF krvf skdy hn, aqy iewQoN qk ik ieMtrnYWt AuWqy krjLy dI drKfsq vI dy skdy hn| aftomyitz (svYcfilq) tYWlr msLIn aftomyitz tYWlr msLInF jF ey[tI[aYWmF[ dI vrqoN nfl gfhk nkd rfsLI hfsl kr skdf hY, pYsy jmHF krvf skdf hY, aqy tYWlr nUM imlx leI lfeIn ivwc KVHy hox qoN ibnf hI bYNk dy hor ikMnHy hI kMm-kfj kr skdf hY. ieh Xfd rwKxf cfhIdf hY ik jdoN qusIN koeI ies qrHF dI msLIn vrqdy ho jo quhfzy bYNk dI nhIN hY, qF quhfnUM vDIk PIs vI dyxI pY skdI hY. ivkrI vflI jgHf qy lYx-dyx jy kr quhfzy kol AudoN nkd rfsLI nf hovy jdoN qusIN pYisaF df Bugqfn krnf cfhuMdy ho, qusIN afpxf zYibt kfrz vrq skdy ho. bhuqy stor aqy rYstorYNt ies nUM pYsy dI adfiegI dy sfDn vjoN mnjLUr krdy hn. bYNk keI alwg-alwg qrIikaF nfl ivafj kwZdy hn. quhfzf bYNk quhfzy Kfqy AuWqy ivafj ikvyN lgfAuNdf hY, ies bfry vDyry jfxkfrI leI afpxy bYNk nfl sMprk kro. afm gwl-bfq dy ilhfjL nfl, ijMnHF ijLafdf mUlDn hovygf, AunHF hI ijLafdf ivafj quhfnUM imlygf. 5 bcq pYsy dI bcq iewk aijhI cIjL hY jo sfzy ivwcoN bhuqy krnf cfhuMdy hn pr jo asIN hmysLf nhIN krdy. ijMnHf qusIN socdy ho, bcq krnf Aus nfloN sOKf hY aqy ieh Bfg quhfnUM bcq dIaF buinafdI gwlF aqy ivafj quhfzy leI kI kr skdf hY, isKf skdf hY| ivafj df ihsfb lfAuxf sfDfrx ivafj df ihsfb lfAuxf sfDfrx ivafj df ihsfb lfAux nfl, sfl-dr-sfl ivafj quhfzI jmHF rkm dy mUl Dn qy lgfieaf jFdf hY. PfrmUlf ieAuN lgfieaf jFdf hY: zflrF ivwc mUl rkm ¿ ivafj dI dr ¿ (sflF ivwc) smF = imlx vflI rkm Audfhrx: jy quhfzy syivMgjL Kfqy ivwc 100 zflr hox ijnHF qy 2% sflfnf dI dr qy sfDfrx ivafj pvy, pihly sfl dy aMq qk qusIN 2 zflr ivafj kmf cuwky hovoNgy| $100 ¿ 0[02 ¿ 1 = $2 do sflF dy aMq qy qusIN cfr zflr kmf cuwky hovoNgy. Kfqy ivwc hr sfl do zflr df vfDf huMdf rhygf, bfvjUd ies gwl dy ik pihly sfl dy aMq qy quhfzy Kfqy ivwc 102 zflr sn. imisLRq ivafj df ihsfb lfAuxf imisLRq ivafj df ihsfb krn vyly, sfl-dr-sfl ivafj quhfzI jmHF rkm dy mUl Dn, aqy jo vI koeI ivafj qusIN kmfieaf hovy, dovF qy lgfieaf jFdf hY. PfrmUlf ieAuN lgfieaf jFdf hY: zflrF ivwc mUl rkm + kmfieaf ivafj ¿ ivafj dI dr ¿ smF = imlx vflI rkm Audfhrx: jy quhfzy syivMgjL Kfqy ivwc 100 zflr hox ijnHF qy 2% sflfnf dI dr qy imisLRq ivafj pvy, pihly sfl dy aMq qk qusIN 2 zflr ivafj kmf cuwky hovoNgy| $100 ¿ 0[02 ¿ 1 = $2 (pihly sfl df ivafj) $100 + $2 = $102 (Kfqy ivwc sfl dy aMq qy kuwl rkm) imisLRq ivafj nfl, dUjy sfl dy aMq qy qusIN 2[04 zflr ivafj ivwc hfsl kr lvoNgy, jo pihly sfl nfloN vDyry hovygf, ikAuN ik ivafj quhfzI nvIN 102 zflr dI kuwl rkm qy lgfieaf jfvygf, sfDfrx ivafj dI Audfhrx ivwc ijvyN mUl rkm qy lgfieaf igaf sI, Aus qrHF nhIN. qIjy sfl dy aMq qk, qusIN 6[12 zflr kuwl ivafj kmf ilaf hovygf| dUjy aqy qIjy sfl df ihsfb ies qrHF lwgygf: dUjy sfl : $102 ¿ 0[02 ¿ 1 = 2[04 (dUjy sfl dy aMq qy lwigaf ivafj) qIjy sfl :$104[04 ¿ 0[02 ¿ 1 = 2[08 (dUjy sfl dy aMq qy lwigaf ivafj) $104[04 + 2[08 = 106[12 (pihly sfl df ivafj) 6 72 df inXm keI vfrI, jdoN qusIN iksy insLfny dI pRfpqI leI bcq kr rhy hovoN, gixq dy iswDy-sfDy inXm Xfd rwKxf cMgf rihMdf hY. iewk “72 df inXm” quhfnUM asIN dws idMdy hF| 72 df inXm ieh jfxn ivwc quhfzI shfieqf krdf hY ik pYsy dy duwgxf hox ivwc ikMnHy vrHy lwgxgy| iewQy qusIN 72 nUM quhfnUM imlx vfly ivafj dI dr nfl qksIm kr lvo. jvfb qoN quhfnUM pqf lwg jfvygf ik quhfzI mUl rkm nUM duwgxf krn leI ikMnHy vrHy lwgxgy, rkm BfvyN ikMnHI vI hovy. 72 dy inXm nUM qusIN ieh jfxn leI vI vrq skdy ho ik imwQy hoey sflF ivwc afpxI mUl rkm nUM duwgxf krn leI quhfnUM ivafj dI dr ikMnHI cfhIdI hY| 72÷rkm nUM duwgxf krn leI lwgx vfly sfl = ivafj dI luVINdI dr Audfhrx vjoN, ies ihsfb quhfnUM pqf lwgygf ik 10 sflF ivwc afpxI rkm nUM duwgxf krn leI quhfnUM ivafj dI dr 7.2% imlxI cfhIdI hY. 72 ÷ ivafj dI dr = rkm nUM duwgxf krn leI lwgx vfly sfl Audfhrx vjoN, 2.5% dI dr qy afpxI rkm nUM dwugxf krn leI quhfnUM 28[8 vrHy lwgxgy. 7 afpxI bcq jldI afrMB krn dI qfkq Aumr 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 sujLyn df invys 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 irtfiermYNt vyl kImq mnPI kuwl Xogdfn kuwl lfB 8 vfDf 1,100 2,310 3,641 5,105 6,716 8,487 10,436 12,579 13,837 15,221 16,743 18,418 20,259 22,285 24,514 26,965 29,662 32,628 35,891 39,480 43,428 47,771 52,548 57,802 63,583 69,941 76,935 84,628 93,091 102,400 112,640 123,904 136,295 149,924 164,917 181,409 199,549 219,504 241,455 265,600 292,160 321,376 353,514 388,865 $388,865 $(8,000) $380,865 jYk df invysL 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 irtfiermYNt vyly kImq mnPI kuwl Xogdfn kuwl lfB vfDf 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1,100 2,310 3,641 5,105 6,716 8,487 10,436 12,579 14,937 17,531 20,384 23,523 26,975 30,772 34,950 39,545 44,599 50,159 56,275 63,002 70,403 78,543 87,497 97,347 108,182 120,100 133,210 147,631 163,494 180,943 200,138 221,252 244,477 270,024 298,127 329,039 $329,039 $(35,000) $294,039 bcq dy vsIly bYNkF, bImf kMpnIaF, kRYizt XUnIanF, kYisjL pfpulyairjL, trwst kMpnIaF, bRokryj PrmF, aqy imAUcUal PMz kMpnIaF, sB quhfzy pYsy dI bcq leI cMgf sfDn hn. quhfnUM ienHF dIaF vYWb-sfeItF vyK ky, ienHF vwloN lgfey gey sYmInfr lgf ky, jF ienHF dIaF smfcfr-pwiqRkfvF jF bRosLrF nUM vyK ky ienHF ivwcoN hr iewk bfry, aqy ienHF dIaF pysLksF bfry, vDyry jfxkfrI hfsl krnI cfhIdI hY| hyTF kuwJ vYWbsfeItF idwqIaF geIaF hn ijwQy quhfnUM ivwqI muwidaF bfry quhfzy afm svflF, aqy bYNikMg, aqy kYisjL pfpulyairjL bfry quhfzy ivsLysL svflF dy jvfb hfsl krn ivwc mdd iml skdI hY| Bank of America (bYNk afPL amYirkf): www.bankofamerica.com bcq krnf CyqI sLurU kr idAu pihly pMny qy idwqf cfrt drsfAuNdf hY ik jldI pYsy joVnf afrMB krnf ikMnHF mhwqvpUrx hY. Audfhrx vjoN, sujLyn aqy jYk, dovF ivwcoN hr jxf hr sfl 1,000 zflr (hr mhIny 83[33 zflr jF hr hPqy 19[23 zflr) bcfAuNdf hY aqy dovyN hI bcq kIqy pYsy AuWqy 10% ivafj hfsl krdy hn. sujLyn 22 sfl dI Aumr ivwc pYsf bcfAuxf afrMB krdI hY aqy 30 sfl ivwc ht jFdI hY. jYk 30 sfl dI Aumr ivwc sLurU krdf hY aqy 65 sfl dI Aumr ivwc ht jFdf hY. quhfnUM lwgdf hovygf ik 65 sfl dI Aumr hox qy jYk kol sujLyn nfloN vDyry pYsf hovygf. Aus ny 35 sfl bcq kIqI hovygI aqy sujLyn ny isrP awT sfl. pr Aus kol vDyry pYsf nhIN hovygf. sujLyn kol hovygf. ikAuN ik sujLyn ny jYk nfloN CotI Aumr ivwc bcq krnI sLurU kr idwqI sI aqy Aus vwloN afpxI bcq Xojnf ivwc pfey pYsy dy vDx leI vDyry smF sI. ies Audfhrx ivwc sujLyn ny isrP 8,000 zflr dI bcq kIqI. pr 65 sfl dI Aumr qk Aus dI bcq qy 380,000 zflr ivafj pY jFdf hY. dUjy pfsy, jYk ny afpxy 65vyN jnm idn qk 35,000 zflr bcq kIqI. pr Auh ies pYsy AuWqy isrP 294,00 zflr hI ivafj lY skygf. ieh sujLyn dy pYsy nfloN 86,826 zflr Gwt hY aqy Aus ny sujLyn nfloN 27 sfl vDyry pYsy dI bcq kIqI. ikAuNik Aus ny pYsf bcfAuxf AunHIN CotI Aumr ivwc sLurU nhIN kIqf ijMnHI CotI Aumr ivwc sujLyn ny kIqf, jYk kdI vI Aus dy brfbr nhIN phuMc sikaf. Canadian Bankers Association (kYnyzIan bYNkrjL aYsosIeysLn): www.cba.ca CIBC (sI[afeI[bI[sI[): www.cibc.com Citizen’s Bank of Canada (istIjLnjL bYNk afPL kYnyzf): www.citizensbank.ca Financial Consumer Agency of Canada (PfeInYNisLal kMijLAUmrjL eyjMsI afPL kYnyzf): www.fcac-acfc.gc.ca Home Trust Company (hom trwst kMpnI): www.hometrust.ca La Federation des caisses Desjardins du Quebec (il PYzryisAuN iz kYsy izjfrzIN zU kubYk): www.desjardins.com Laurentian Bank of Canada (lorYNsLIan bYNk afPL kYnyzf): www.laurentianbank.com Royal Bank of Canada (rfiel bYNk afP kYnyzf): www.royalbank.com TD Canada Trust (tI[zI[ kYnyzf trwst): www.tdcanadatrust.com The Bank of Nova Scotia (d bYNk afPL novf skosL): www.scotiabank.ca U.S. Bank National Association (“US Bancorp.) (XU[aYWs[bYNk nYsLnl aYsosIeysLn -“XU[aYWs[ bYNkorp[”): www.usbank.com Vancouver City Savings Credit Union (vYnkUvr istI syivMgjL kRYizt XUnIan): www.vancity.com 9 AuDfr awj dI dunIaF ivwc AuDfr inwq dI ijLMdgI df ihwsf hY. kfr ikrfey qy lYx qoN lY ky hvfeI sPr leI itkt jF hotl df kmrf buwk krvfAx qk, asIN AuDfr krdy hF. AuDfr dI vrqoN sUJ nfl krnf AuDfr df iewk Tos ieiqhfs isrjx aqy afpxy-afp nUM ivwqI musLklF qoN bfhr rwKx leI jLrUrI hY. AuDfr kI hY? AuDfr dIaF iksmF aqy vsIly iewk-iksLq AuDfr iewk-iksLq df AuDfr (jo jn-AupXogI syvfvF vflIaF kMpnIaF aqy kuwJ prcUn-ivkRyqf pysL krdy hn) krn vyly cIjLF aqy syvfvF bdly iewk hI adfiegI ivwc, imwQy smyN aMdr, KrId qoN bfad, Bugqf idwqy jFdy hn. ies qrHF dy AuDfr nfl afm qOr qy ivafj nhIN vsUilaf jFdf. iksLqF ivwc AuDfr iksLqF ivwc AuDfr vyly, sfmfn jF syvfvF leI Bugqfn do jF vDyry brfbr rfsLI dIaF bfkfiedf qOr qy inXq iksLqF ivwc kIqf jFdf hY. Bugqfn dI rfsLI ivwc ivafj vI igx ilaf jFdf hY. jo vI koeI AuDfr dyvy (kfr zIlrisLwp jF AupkrxF df stor), Auh bfkfiedf Bugqfn leI iewk kfrj-kRm inrDfirq kr idMdf hY. KpqkfrF nUM idwqy jfx vfly krjL Kpqkfr nUM krjLf dyx vyly sLfhUkfr (ijvyN koeI bYNk jF kRYizt XUinan) iksy Kpqkfr nUM iksy Kfs mksd leI AuDfr idMdf hY. Kpqkfr AuDfr nUM bfkfiedgI nfl iewk kfrj-kRm muqfbk vfips moVx leI sihmq huMdf hY. bdlvF krjLf bdlvyN krjLy ivwc Kpqkfr nUM krjLf (Kfs kr ky prcUn stor jF kRYizt kfrz jfrI krn vflI ivwqI sMsQf nUM) bfkfiedf vkPy qy moVnf pYNdf hY. AunHF nUM Gwto-Gwt rkm moVnI hI pYNdI hY, pr ijMnHf vI vDyry moVxf cfhux, Auh moV skdy hn. bkfieaf rfsLI qy ivafj vsUl kIqf jFdf hY. 10 “C” awKr nfl sLurU hox vfly AuDfr dy iqMn gux (The 3 Cs of Credit) “C ” awKr nfl sLurU hox vfly AuDfr dy iqMn gux hn cirwqr (Character), srmfieaf (Capital) aqy guMjfiesL (Capacity). ieh Auh gux hn ijnHF dI vrqoN AuDfr dyx vflf ieh PYslf krn leI vrqdf hY ik iksy nUM AuDfr dyxf hY ik nhIN. cirwqr quhfzI AuDfr dI irport ivwc sLfiml quhfzy AuDfr dy ieiqhfs (kRYizt ihstrI) df vyrvf AuDfr dyx vfly nUM ieh pqf lgfAux ivwc mdd krdf hY ik kI qusIN iemfndfr ho aqy AuDfr moVx leI kI quhfzy qy ivsLvfs kIqf jf skdf hY| ieh PYslf krn ivwc sOiKafeI leI sLfhUkfr hyT ilKy svfl puwC skdf hY: • • • • kI qusIN pihlF kdI AuDfr dI vrqoN kIqI hY? kI qusIN afpxy ibl vkq isr adf krdy ho? kI quhfzI kRYizt irport cMgI hY? kI qusIN cirwqr leI hvfly (AunHF lokF dy nfm jo sLfhUkfr nUM dws skx ik qusIN iks qrHF dy ivakqI ho) dy skdy ho? • afpxy mOjUdf pqy qy qusIN ikMnHI dyr rhy ho? • afpxI mOjUdf nOkrI qy qusIN ikMnHI dyr rhy ho? srmfieaf sLfhUkfr ieh vI jfxnf cfhygf ik kI quhfzy kol koeI kImqI asfsy, ijvyN Gr, kfr jf bcq Kfqf, jf pYsy df koeI invysL hY. Auh ieh svfl puwC skdy hn: • krjL dI vfipsI surwiKaq krn leI quhfzy kol kI jfiedfd hY? • kI quhfzy kol koeI bcq Kfqf hY? • kI qusIN ikqy pYsf lgfieaf hY? • quhfzy vrqmfn krjLy • kI qusIN afpxy krjLy vkq isr moVdy ho • kI kdI iksy ivwqI sMsQf ny quhfzI krjLy dI drKfsq nUM rwd kIqf hY • jy kr lfgU hovy, quhfzy dIvflIeypn df ieiqhfs guMjfiesL ies df sMbMD krjLf moVn dI quhfzI guMjfiesL nfl hY. sLfhUkfr jfxnf cfhygf ik kI qusIN nOkrIsLudf ho aqy ieMnHf ku kmf lYNdy ho ijs nfl quhfzf AuDfr afsfnI nfl lih jfvygf. ies leI, sLfhUkfr quhfnUM hyT ilKy svfl puwC skdf hY: • kI quhfzy kol koeI pwkI nOkrI hY? jy hY, qF qnKfh ikMnHI hY? • qusIN hor ikMnHf ku AuDfr lfhuxf hY? • ies vyly quhfzy rihx df Krc ikMnHf hY? • ies vyly quhfzy isr AuDfr ikMnHf hY? • quhfzy ikMnHy afisLRq (hor lokIN, ijvyN bwcy, jo quhfzI afmdn qy inrBr krdy hox) hn? AuDfr dI irportF ivwc kI iliKaf huMdf hY? jy kr qusIN kdI bYNk qoN krjL ilaf hY, mfrgyj leI hY jF kRYizt kfrz ilaf hY, quhfzf AuDfr df ieiqhfs mOjUd hY. ieh jfxkfrI kRYizt ibAUro koloN iewk “kRYizt irport” nfmI dsqfvyj ivwc hfsl kIqI jf skdI hY. kYnyzf ivwc iqMn muwK kRYizt ibAUro hn: iekUeIPYks kYnyzf ieMk; nfrdrn kRYizt ibAUrojL ieMk, aqy trFsXUnIan kYnyzf. AuDfr dyx vfly adfry, ijvyN ivwqI sMsQfvF aqy prcUn ivkRyqf, quhfzI kRYizt irport vyK ky ieh PYslf krn ivwc mdd lY skdy hn ik kI quhfzI AuDfr dI drKfsq nUM mnjLUr krnf hY jF nhIN. qusIN afpxI kRYizt irport nUM kRYizt ibAUro ivKy ieh XkInI bxfAux leI vyK skdy ho ik kI ies ivwc idwqI jfxkfrI shI vI hY. ieh XkInI bxfAux leI ik ies ivwc idwqI sfrI jfxkfrI drusq hovy, afpxI kRYizt irport nUM hr vrHy vyKxf iewk cMgI afdq hY. kRYizt irport ivwc quhfzy bfry buinafdI sLnfKqI jfxkfrI, ijvyN quhfzf nfm aqy pqf, huMdI hY| ies ivwc quhfzf sLosLl iensLorYNs nMbr aqy hyT ilKI jfxkfrI vI sLfiml ho skdI hY: • qusIN ikwQy rihMdy ho • quhfzy rojLgfr df ieiqhfs 11 AuDfr dI imxqI ikvyN kIqI jFdI hY? iewk kRYizt irport ies gwl dI irport hY ik qusIN afpxy ibl ikMnHy vkq isr dy idMdy ho| hr kRYizt ibAUro ies bfry jfxkfrI iekwTI krdf hY ik quhfzy ikMnHy bYNk Kfqy KulHy hn, AunHF ivwc ikMnHy pYsy pey hn aqy AuDfr dI ikMnHI hwd imwQI geI hY, aqy kI kdI vI quhfnUM AuDfr moVn ivwc musLkl afeI hY. ies ivwc ieh vI dwisaf hovygf ik kI kdI quhfnUM afpxy ivwqI mfmilaF bfry kfnUMnI jF tYks sMbMDI koeI musLikl afeI hY. mYN kRYizt irport ikvyN pVHF? iqMnF muwK kRYizt ibAUroaF ivwcoN hr iewk dI kRYizt irport dUjy dI irport nfloN jLrf ku vwKrI huMdI hY. quhfzI kRYizt irport ivwc ikMnHy hI sfry gupq sMkyq (koz) huMdy hn. quhfnUM irport dy nfl hI iewk pirBfisLk sLbdfvlI vI imlygI ijs ivwc zI[aYWl[ey[ (zyt lfst aYktIivtI jF afKrI kfrvfeI kIqy jfx dI qfrIK), aqy E[pI[zI[ (afrzrlI pymYNt afPL zYt jF krjL df bfkfiedgI nfl cukfieaf jfxf) vrgI sMkyqk sLbdfvlI nMU ibafn kIqf huMdf hY. ies nUM pVH ky pqf lgfAuxf ik irportr ivwc asl ivwc kI iliKaf hoieaf hY, bVf mhwqvpUrx huMdf hY. quhfnUM ies gwl dI hYrfnI ho skdI hY ik ikMnHIaF kMpnIaF quhfzI ADfr dI jfxkfrI dI jFc krdIaF hn. pr Xfd rwKo, hr vfrI jdoN qusIN AuDfr leI drKfsq idMdy ho, ieh quhfzy irkfrz qy cVH jFdI hY. so jdoN qusIN kfr leI Bfa puwCdy iPrdy ho jF iksy izpfrtmYNt stor dy kfrz leI drKfsq idMdy ho, zIlrisLwp aqy prcUn-ivkRyqf quhfzy bfry puwC-pVqfl kr skdy hn aqy ieh quhfzy irkfrz qy cVH jfvygI. keI vfrI koeI sLfhUkfr isrP ies kr ky hI iksy dI bynqI mMnx qoN ienkfr kr skdf hY ik Auh AuDfr leI bVI jgHf arjLIaf idMdy rhy hn aqy AunHF nUM nFh hI huMdI rhI hY. afpxI kRYizt irport dI hr vrHy jFc krn nfl quhfnUM ies qrHF dI puwC-pVqfl jF KfiqaF qy awK rwKx ivwc vI mdd imlygI ijnHF nUM qusIN pihcfxdy nhIN. aijhI puwCpVqfl jF nvyN Kfqy jo quhfzy nhIN hn, ies gwl df sMkyq ho skdy hn ik koeI hor quhfzf Kfqf vrq irhf hY. kRYizt irport dI iewk Audfhrx 12 kRYizt kfrz afpxIaF ijLMdgIaF dy iksy nf iksy mukfm qy, sfzy ivwcoN bhuqy jxy AuDfr lYNdy hn. BfvyN quhfzI mfrgyj jF kfr lon nf vI hovy, jy kr qusIN kRYizt kfrz vrqdy ho, qusIN iPr vI AuDfr lY rhy ho. asl gwl qF ieh hY ik pYsf AuDfr lYx df sB qoN sOKf qrIkf kRYizt kfrz hn. Audfhrx vjoN, kRYizt kfrzF nfl Kpqkfr vsqF KrId skdy hn aqy ienHF leI Bugqfn bfad ivwc kr skdy hn. ikAuN ik ieh iewk shUlq hY, hr mhIny bkfieaf pUrf nf adf krn dI sUrq ivwc Auh Aus ivwqI adfry nUM ivafj adf krdy hn ijs ny AunHF nUM ieh kfrz jfrI kIqf sI. hflF ik kRYizt kfrz shUlq aqy BrosyXogqf muhweIaf krdy hn, kuwJ gwlF kYRizt kfrz dI vrqoN vyly mn ivwc rwKxIaF cfhIdIaF hn. jdoN ik kRYizt kfrz AunHF ivakqIaF nUM, ijhVy hr mhIny afpxf sfrf bkfieaf adf kr idMdy hn, iewk ivafj-rihq krjLf idMdy hn, ijhVy nhIN adf krdy AunHF nUM kuwJ ivafj dyxf pY skdf hY. aqy jy kr shI qrIky nfl ies dI dyK-ryK nf kIqI jfvy, kRYizt kfrz dI vrqoN keI vfrI hwQoN inkl skdI hY. ies leI XkInI bxfAu ik qusIN kRYizt kfrz dI vrqoN shI qrIky nfl krdy ho. ieh vI Xfd rwKo ik aksr, kRYizt kfrzF AuWqy ivafj Ausy hI idn qoN pYxf sLurU ho jFdf hY ijs idn qoN nkd AuDfr ilaf jFdf hY. kRYizt kfrz 101 kRYizt kfrzF dy Pfiedy hn, aqy jdoN sUJ nfl vrqy jfx, iewk jLrUrI ivwqI aOjLfr bx jFdy hn. koeI kRYizt kfrz rwKx dy keI Pfiedy hn. kRYizt kfrz nfl luVINdIaF vsqF qwq-Pwt KrIdxf sMBv ho jFdf hY aqy jdoN qk qusIN bkfieaf qfrIK qk afpxf bkfieaf cuwkf idMdy ho, ienHF nfl iewk “ivafj-rihq” krjL lYxf vI sMBv ho jFdf hY. jy kr quhfnUM ikqy pYisaF dI aYmrjYNsI loV pY jfvy qF kRYizt kfrz iewk surwiKafqmk sfDn vI bxdy hn; ieh cYWk ilKx nfloN sOKf qrIkf hn, ienfmI puafieMt pysL krdy hn ijnHF bdly qusIN Auqpfdn jF syvfvF hfsl kr skdy ho, aqy quhfzy leI ieMtrnYWt jF Pon qy Auqpfdn jF syvfvF KrIdxf sMBv krdy hn. ikAuN ik dunIaF Br ivwc qusIN ijwQy vI jfAu, ieh hr jgHf mnjLUr kIqy jFdy hn, aqy sPr dOrfn quhfnUM sQfnk pYsf muhweIaf kr ky kRYizt kfrz sPr krnf afsfn bxf idMdy hn| aqy afKIr ivwc, kRYizt kfrz dyxdfrI-rihq (jLIro lfieibibltI) nIqIaF kfrx quhfnUM PflqU surwiKaf muhweIaf krdy hn| kfrzF dy ivklp kRYizt kfrz KpqkfrF nMU AuqpfdnF jF syvfvF bdly Bugqfn huxy jF Pyr krn df aKiqafr idMdy hn. jy kr Kpqkfr afpxI sfrI rkm df Bugqfn bkfieaf imqI qk krn leI pUrf qfx lfAuNdy hn, Kpqkfr ies syvf df Pfiedf ibnf ivafj qoN lY skdy hn. kRYizt kfrz dI cox krn vyly kYnyzf-vfsIaF kol bhuq vMngI hY. Cy sO qoN vI vDyry sMsQfvF (bhuqf kr ky bYNkF, kRYizt XUnIanF aqy kYisjL pfpUlyairjL) kRYizt kfrz jfrI krdIaF hn aqy lfBF, ivafj dIaF drF aqy PIsF dI iewk ivsLfl vMngI pysL krdy hn. kfrzF dIaF iksmF moty qOr qy, kRYizt kfrz iqMn iksmF dy huMdy hn. ieh iksmF hn: bYNkF vwloN jfrI kIqy kfrz (ijvyN VISA® aqy MasterCard) prcUn-ivkRyqfvF dy kfrz (ijvyN The Bay aqy Sears) aqy sPr/ mnorMjn vfly kfrz, ijnHF nUM cfrj kfrz vI ikhf jFdf hY. 13 bYNk kfrz Kpqkfr ivafj aqy sflfnf PIs dIaF vwK-vwK drF vfly bYNk kfrzF dI iewk vwzI vMngI ivwcoN afpxI psMd cux skdy hn. keIaF dIaF sflfnf PIsF dUijaF nfloN vDyry hudIaF hn. keIaF dI sflfnf PIs iblkul vI nhIN huMdI| keI ienfmI XojnfvF pysL krdy hn, ijs ivwc quhfzy vwloN afpxy kfrz rfhIN kIqI hr KrId AuWqy quhfnUM pafieMt imldy hn. qusIN ienHF puafieMtF bdly Auqpfdn jF syvfvF, ijvyN hvfeI itktF jF iPlmF dy igPt srtIiPkyt, hfsl kr skdy ho. bYNkF dy krYizt kfrzF dIaF ivafj dIaF drF aqy PIsF vI alwg-alwg huMdIaF hn. kYnyzIan ivwqI sMsQfvF qkrIbn 9% qoN lY ky 20% qk ivafj, aqy 165 zflr qk sflfnf PIs vsUl krdIaF hn| afm qOr qy, ienfmI kfrzf dI ivafj dI dr vDyry huMdI hY, pr Auh KpqkfrF leI kImqF ivwc CotF aqy ienfmF vrgIaF KUbIaF vI pysL krdy hn. prcUn dy (rItyl) kfrz ies qrHF dy kfrz afm qOr qy Ausy hI izpfrtmYNt stor jF prcUn-ivkRyqf vwloN svIkfry jFdy hn ijhVy ienHF nUM jfrI krdy hn. ieh afm qOr qy bYNk vwloN jfrI kfrzF nfloN vDyry ivafj – 24% qoN lY ky 28[8% qk – vsUl krdy hn. rItyl kfrzF dI afm qOr qy koeI sflfnf PIs nhIN huMdI. ies qrHF dy kfrzF df Pfiedf afm qOr qy ieho hI huMdf hY ik Auh keI vfrI kImqF ivwc keI qrHF dI Cot jF ienfmI pRogrfm pysL krdy hn jo isrP ienHF kfrzF dy DfrkF leI hI AuplbD huMdy hn. sPr/ mnorMjn (cfrj) kfrz ieh kfrz afm qOr qy ibnf iksy hwd qoN AuDfr pysL krdy hn. ienHF nfl aksr ienfmI XojnfvF juVIaF huMdIaF hn. pr cfrj kfrzF dIaF aksr bYNk kfrzF nfloN vDyry sflfnf PIsF huMdIaF hn. kfrz-DfrkF nUM hr mhIny afpxf sfrf bkfieaf lfjLmI qOr qy adf krnf pYNdf hY aqy hor kfrzF dy mukfbly aksr AunHF nUM ivafj dI vDyry dr adf krnI pYNdI hY. 14 kYnyzf dI PfeInYNisLal kMijLAUmr eyjMsI kYnyzIan lokF nUM afpxy “kRYizt kfrzjL aYNz XU” vsIly rfhIN kRYizt kfrz dy ivklpF df iewk ivafpk sfr muhweIaf krdI hY| vDyry jfxkfrI leI w w.fcac.gc.ca vyKo| kfrz dI cox krnf kI ieh iewk shUlq hY? bhuq sfry Kpqkfr afpxy kRYizt kfrzF dy bkfieaF nUM hr mhIny pUrI qrHF lfh idMdy hn. Auh kRYizt kfrzF dI vrqoN hr mhIny ieh vyKx leI krdy hn ik AunHF df pYsf ikwQy Kricaf jf irhf hY. Auh ienHF nUM ies leI vI vrqdy hn ikAuN ik kRYizt kfrz nfl pYsy dyxf jyb ivwc coKI nkdI rwKx df iPkr krn nfloN sOKf hY. ienHF lokF vfsqy kRYizt kfrz dy ivafj dI dr bhuqI mhwqvpUrx nhIN huMdI. vDyry mhwqvpUrx qF sflfnf PIs aqy kfrz dIaF KUbIaF huMdIaF hn. kI qusIN agyqI XojnfbMdI krdy ho? keI kRYizt kfrz pihly kuwJ mhIny ivafj dI Gwt dr pysL krdy hn. ieh AunHF lokF leI ijhVy koeI vwzI KrId kr ky Ptf-Pt Bugqfn krnf cfhuMdy hn, AunHF leI hn. pr quhfnUM ienHF qoN Kbrdfr rihxf cfhIdf hY ikAuN ik ienHF kfrzF qy ivafj dIaf drF QoVy smyN leI hI Gwt huMdIaF hn. kI qusIN bkfieaf rwKxf cfhuMdy ho? keI kRYizt kfrz vrqx vfly hr mhIny afpxy kRYizt kfrz qy ilaf AuDfr vfips nhIN moVdy. jy kr qusIN kfrz qy bkfieaf rwKxf cfhuMdy ho, quhfzy leI ivafj dI sB qoN Gwt dr vfly kfrz dI Bfl krnf jLrUrI hY| ies qrHF qusIN hr mhIny adf kIqy jfx vfly ivafj dI imkdfr ivwc ktOqI kr lvoNgy. pr jy kr quhfzf aOsq bkfieaf 1,000 zflr qoN Gwt hY, iPr sflfnf PIs qy ingfh rwKo. keI vfrI kRYizt kfrz dI sflfnf PIs ijMnHf ivafj qusIN sfry sfl ivwc dyxf hY, Aus nfloN vI vDyry ho skdI hY. jy kr qusIN bkfey dI rfsLI CotI hI rwKxf cfhuMdy ho, koeI ies qrHF df kfrz Kojo ijs qy koeI sflfnf PIs nf hovy aqy ivafj dI dr quhfnUM imlx vfilaF ivwcoN sB qoN Gwt hovy. AuDfr df muwl nvIN KrIdfrI jy kr qusIN adfiegI dI imqI qk afpxy kRYizt kfrz qy bkfieaf rfsLI df Bugqfn kr idMdy ho, quhfnUM kdI vI ivafj nhIN dyxf pvygf. kYnyzf ivwc, bYNkF vwloN jfrI kIqy kfrzF dy kuwl Dfrk ivwcoN qkrIbn 71% afpxf bkfieaf hmysLf jF bhuqI vfrI adf kr idMdy hn. pihlF kIqI KrIdfrI jdoN qusIN afpxf kRYizt kfrz vrqdy hoN qF asl ivwc qusIN afpxy ivwqI adfry qoN afpxI KrIdfrI leI AuDfr lY rhy ho. ies bdly bYNk quhfzy qoN ivafj jF sflfnf PIs vrgIaF hor PIsF vsUl kr skdf hY. jy kr qusIN bkfieaf qfrIK qk afpxy kRYizt kfrz qy bkfieaf rfsLI df Bugqfn nhIN krdy, quhfzy kfrz qy lgfieaf jfx vflf ivafj ies gwl qy inrBr krygf ik kI quhfzy kfrz qy bkfieaf rfsLI iksy nvIN KrIdfrI kfrx hY, iksy ies qrHF dI cIjL kfrx hY jo qusIN pihlF KrIdI sI aqy ijs dy pYsy kdI vI nhIN idwqy, koeI nkd rfsLI AuDfr lYx kfrx hY, jF koeI bkfieaf qbdIl kIqy jfx kfrx hY. nvIN KrIdfrI df mqlb hY Auh vsqF jo quhfzI mhInfvfr stytmYNt qy pihlI vfr njLr afAux. keI mfmilaF ivwc aijhIaF KrIdfrIaF AuWqy kuwJ smyN leI ho skdf hY ik koeI vI ivafj nf lgfieaf jfvy. kRYizt kfrz nfl afm qOr qy imlx vfly ivafj-rihq smyN bfry afpxy bYNk nUM puwCo| ies qrHF dIaF KrIdfrIaF vI ho skdIaF hn jo quhfzI pihlI stytmYNt qy vI njLr afeIaF hox pr ijnHF df qusIN hfly Bugqfn krnf hY. ienHF qy ijs idn qoN qusIN KrIdfrI kIqI hY, Ausy idn qoN hI ivafj vsUl kIqf jfxf sLurU ho jFdf hY (jF ijs idn qoN ieh pihlI vfrI quhfzI stytmYNt qy njLr afAuNdIaF hn) qy jd qk qusIN pUrI qrHF ienHF df Bugqfn nhIN kr idMdy. nkdI df AuDfr aqy bkfieaf rfsLI df qbfdlf nkdI df AuDfr asl ivwc quhfzy bYNk jF ey[tI[aYWm[ rfhIN quhfzy kRYizt kfrz akfAUNt ivwc pYsy df vsUl kIqf jfxf 15 hY| bkfieaf rfsLI dy qbfdly df mqlb hY iksy iewk kRYizt kfrz dI kRYizt lfeIn qoN pYsy lY ky iksy dUjy, afm qOr qy vDyry ivafj vfly kRYizt kfrz, dy bkfey nUM cuwkf dyxf huMdf hY. aksr, ivafj dI Gwt dr vfly bkfey dy qbfdly dI pysLksL QoVy smyN leI hI huMdI hY. kRYizt kfrzF dI dunIaF ivwc, nkdI AuDfr dyx aqy bkfey dy qbfdly nUM krjL mMinaf jFdf hY, KrIdfrI nhIN. ijs idn qoN qusIN nkdI AuDfr lYNdy ho jF bkfey df qbfdlf krdy ho, Ausy idn qoN quhfzy qoN krjL vsUilaf jFdf hY. ivafj df ihsfb lgfAux df qrIkf jdoN quhfnUM kfrz dyx vflf ivwqI adfrf ivafj df ihsfb krdf hY, ieh afm qOr qy do qrIikaF nfl kIqf jFdf hY: • “rojLfnf aOsq bkfey” dy qrIky nfl • “rojLfnf bkfey” dy qrIky nfl rojLfnf aOsq bkfey df qrIkf quhfzy kRYizt kfrz qy rojLfnf aOsq bkfieaf Auh hY ijhVf ibl vkPy dOrfn Aus qy rwKy gey bkfey (quhfzy ipCly ibl qoN lY ky hux vfly ibl qk) nUM vkPy ivcly idnF dI igxqI nfl qksIm kr ky hfsl huMdf hY. iksy mhIny vsUl kIqy gey ivafj df ihsfb lfAux leI ivwqI adfry afm qOr qy rojLfnf aOsq bkfey nUM ivafj dI rojLfnf dr nfl guxf krdy hn. iPr Auh nqIjy nUM ibl dy vkPy ivcly idnF dI igxqI nfl jLrb dy idMdy hn. rojLfnf bkfey df qrIkf ivafj df ihsfb lfAux df qrIkf ibl dy vkPy dy hr idn dy aKIr qy bkfieaf ivafj nUM igxdf hY. ieh rojLfnf aOsq bkfey dy qrIky nfloN vwKrf hY ijs ivwc ihsfb isrP mhIny dy aKIr qy hI lgfieaf jFdf hY. rojLfnf ivafj df ihsfb lgfAux leI bYNk quhfzy Kfqy ivcly bkfey nUM rojLfnf ivafj dI dr nfl jLrb dy idMdy hn aqy iPr hr idn dy ihsfb df kuwl kr ky mhIny dI kuwl rkm kwZ lYNdy hn. 16 hor PIsF kfrz jfrI krn vfly keI adfry kfrz leI sflfnf PIs vsUl krdy hn. ieh Auh rkm ijhVI quhfnUM kfrz hfsl krn vyly, aqy hr sfl jdoN ieh nivafieaf jFdf hY, adf krnI hI pYNdI hY| keI bYNk adfiegI dyr nfl krn, nkdI AuDfr lYx, jF afpxI AuDfr dI hwd qoN vDyry Krc krn dI vI PIs lYNdy hn| afpxf kfrz dy Dfrk vflf iekrfrnfmf cMgI qrHF pVo qF jo quhfnUM ies dIaF sfrIaF sLrqF bfry jfxkfrI hovy. "mhIny dy 50 zflr" dI qfkq BfvyN quhfnUM hr mhIny afpxy kRYizt kfrz qy sfrf bkfieaf cukfAux dI loV nhIN huMdI, quhfnUM kuwJ nf kuwJ adf krnf hI cfhIdf hY. ies nUM “Gwto-Gwt adfiegI” (imnImm pymYNt) afiKaf jFdf hY. keI vfrI lokF nUM pqf nhIN lwgdf ik jy kr Auh ieMnHf hI cukfAuNdy rihx qF AunHF nUM afpxf krjL Auqfrn leI ikMnHf vkq lwg jfvygf. jy kr qusIN ies Gwto-Gwt adfiegI qoN QoVf ijhf – ijvyN 50 zflr hI vDyry – ijLafdf dy skdy hovoN, qF ies nfl qusIN ikMnHI CyqI afpxf sfrf krjL cukf skdy ho, ivwc kfPI Prk pY skdf hY. "50 zflr kI kr skdy hn" dI iewk Audfhrx Audfhrx vjoN, quhfzy kol 3,000 zflr bkfey vflf iewk kRYizt kfrz hY, aqy Aus AuWqy sflfnf ivafj 18% hY. ipClI stytmYNt imlx qoN bfad qusIN kuwJ vI nhIN KrIddy aqy Gwto-Gwt 2% dy ihsfb nfl mhIny dI 60 zflr df hI moVdy ho. ies dr qy quhfzf bkfieaf mukMml qOr qy Bugqfey jfx leI awT sfl lwg jfxgy, aqy qusIN kuwl 5,780 zflr (sfry ivafj smyq) adf kIqy hoxgy. so, hr mhIny isrPL Gwto-Gwt iksLq adf krn df mqlb hovygf mUl krjL qoN duwgxI rkm adf krnf. pr jy kr qusIN afpxI Gwto-Gwt iksLq ivwc mhIny dy 50 zflr ijLafdf pf idMdy ho, ies nfl bhuq ijLafdf Prk pY jFdf hY. mhIny dI Gwto-Gwt iksLq 60 zflr dI jgHf 110 zflr kr dyx nfl krjL df Bugqfn awDy qoN Gwt smyN ivwc ho jfvygf. isrP iqMn sflF dy ivwc-ivwc quhfzf 3,000 zflr df bkfieaf cukfieaf jfvygf. aqy qusIN 1,800 zflr ivafj dyx qoN vI bc jfvogy. mhIny dy isrP 50 zflr, ijvyN asIN vyK hI rhy hF, iewk kfPI qfkqvr cIjL ho inbVdy hn. jLrf soco, mhIny dy 100 zflr kI kr dyxgy. vsIly gOr kIqy jfx leI AuDfr bfry kuwJ hor vsIly Canadian Bankers Association (kYnyzIan bYNkrjL aYsosIeysLn): www.cba.ca Canadian Business Magazine Online: www.canadianbusiness.com CanLearn Interactive (kYnlrn ieMtraYkitv): www.canlearn.ca Credit Card Cost Calculators (kRYizt kfrz kOst kYlkUlytrjL): www.strategis.gc.ca Credit Counselling:(kRYizt kONsilMg) www. creditcanada.com Credit Reports Information (kRYizt irportjL ienPrmysLn): www.equifax.ca MoneySense Magazine Online: www.moneysense.ca/index.html Quicken Personal Finance (kuiekn prsnl PfeInYNs): www.quicken.ca “There’s Something About Money”: www.yourmoney.cba.ca Practical Money Skills: www. practicalmoneyskills.ca Equifax Canada (iekUeIPYks kYnyzf): www. equifax.ca TransUnion Canada (tRFs-XUnIan kYnyzf): www.tuc.ca Northern Credit Bureaus Inc. (nfrdrn kRYizt ibAUrojL ieMk[): www.creditbureau.ca 17 krjLf krjLy df Bfr (zYt loz) krjLy df Bfr kI huMdf hY? krjLy df Bfr ies gwl nUM ibafn krn leI vrqI jFdy sLbd hn ik iksy ivakqI qy ikMnHf ku krjLf hY. ies nUM aksr ies gwl nUM smJx leI vriqaf jFdf hY ik quhfzyy krjLy df Bfr “surwiKaq” jF vfijb vI hY. krjLf dyx vfly ieh vyKdy hn ik quhfzI afmdn dy mukfbly quhfzy isr krjL ikMnHf hY. ies nUM krjL/afmdn anupfq afiKaf jFdf hY. krjL/afmdn anupfq df ihsfb mhInfvfr lgfieaf jFdf hY. ies nfl krjLf dyx vfilaF nUM pqf lwg jFdf hY ik quhfzI mfiek siQqI ikMnHI ku cMgI, jF mfVI, hY. quhfzy ihsfb-ikqfb ivwcoN bfhr rih gey irhfiesLI krjL bfry ieh pqf krn dy vwKo-vwK qrIky hn ik vfijb kI hY. iewk Dfrxf ieh hY ik irhfiesLI krjL quhfzI sflfnf afmdn df do qoN iqMn guxf hoxf cfhIdf hY. jy quhfzI sflfnf GrylU afmdn 70,000 zflr hY, qF koeI mfrgyj dyx vflf quhfnUM 210,000 zflr qk dy skdf hY. pr isrP ies leI ik koeI sLfhUkfr quhfnUM koeI Kfs rkm krjyL dy rUp ivwc dyx leI iqafr ho jFdf hY, ies df mqlb ieh nhIN hY ik quhfnUM ieh lY lYxI cfhIdI hY. quhfnUM asl ivwc afpxI krjLf moVx dI kfblIaq bfry socxf cfhIdf hY| irhfiesL, jn-AupXogI syvfvF, jF tYksF qoN ielfvf afpxIaF sfrIaF mhInfvfr iksLqF joV ky qusIN ies anupfq df ihsfb lgf skdy ho. ieh quhfzf mhInfvfr krjLf hY. ies qoN bfad afpxI kuwl grOs (ktOqIaF kIqy jfx qoN pihlf) sflfnf afmdn nUM 12 nfl Bfg kr ky afpxI kuwl mhInfvfr afmdn kwZ lvo. iPr afpxy mhInfvfr krjL nUM afpxI kuwLl mhInfvfr afmdn nfl Bfg dy idAu. ieh quhfzf mhInfvfr gYr-irhfiesLI krjL anupfq hY. ikAuN ik afm qOr qy ies nUM pRqI sLq ivwc drsfieaf jFdf hY, ies leI dsLmlv nUM do ihMdsy swjy vwl nUM kr idAu. Audfhrx • kuwl mhInfvfr afmdn • mhInfvfr krjL (kRYizt kfrz dIaF iksLqF, gYs df ibl, aqy kfr dIaF iksLqF) $2,000 $500 afpxf krjL/afmdn anupfq kwZx leI afpxy mhInfvfr krjL nUM afpxI kuwl mhInfvfr afmdn nfl Bfr dy idAu: $500/ $2,000 = 0[25 quhfzf krjL/afmdn anupfq 25% hY| qjrby qy afDfirq inXm jy kr quhfzf gYr-irhfiesLI krjL 10% jF Gwt hY, qusIN bVI vDIaf mfiek hflq ivwc ho. jy kr quhfzf gYrirhfiesLI krjL 10% qoN 20% hY qF quhfnUM krjL imlx dI guMjfiesL hY. pr ijMnHf qusIN 20% dy njLdIk awpVdy ho, AunHF hI qusIN krjLy dy vfijb Bfr dy aKIr vwl nUM jFdy rihMdy ho. 18 28/36 df inXm mfrgyj dyx vfilaF vwloN ieh vyKx leI ik quhfnUM ikMnHI mfrgyj idwqI jfvy, 28/36 df inXm iewk hor qrIkf hY. ies inXm muqfbk quhfzy vwloN hr mhIny adf kIqy jfx vflI krjLy dI iksLq quhfzI kuwl mhInfvfr afmdn dy 28% qoN vDyry nhIN hoxI cfhIdI. aqy quhfzy vwloN krijLaF dI adfiegI leI adf kIqI jfx vflI kuwl rkm – quhfzI mfrgyj dI iksLq smyq – hr mhIny quhfzI kuwl mhInfvfr afmdn dy 36% qoN vDyry nhIN hoxI cfhIdI. quhfzI kImq kI hY? asfsy asfsy AunHF vsqF nUM ikhf jFdf hY jo quhfzI mlkIaq hn. BfvyN qusIN AunHF qy krjL dyxf hovy, Auh asfsy hn. ieh quhfzI kfr, Gr, aYNtrtynmYNt isstm, pYtIAu PrnIcr, aqy kYNipMg igar vrgIaF vsqF ho skdIaf hn. quhfzy asfisaF dI sUcI ivwc quhfzy bYNk KfiqaF ivclI rfsLI, quhfzy btUey ivclI nkdI, aqy quhfzy invysL vI sLfiml hn. qusIN AuDfr ikwQoN lY skdy ho? bhuqy Kpqkfr AuDfr bYNkF, trwst kMpnIaF, kYsy pfpUlyairjL, kRYizt XUnIanF, aqy PfeInFs kMpnIaF qoN lYNdy hn| ies qoN ielfvf, bhuq sfry lokIN irsLqydfrF jF hor ivakqIaF qoN vI AuDfr lYNdy hn. qusIN ikqoN vI AuDfr lvo, iewk dsqKq kIqf hoieaf aihdnfmf lYxf jLrUr Xfd rwKo aqy PfeIn ipRMt jLrUr pVHo. afpxy kuwl asfisaF dI kImq aFkx leI quhfnUM pqf hoxf cfhIdf hY ik quhfzI sUcI ivclI hr cIjL df muwl kI hY. iKafl kro ik qusIN iksy cIjL nUM ikMnHy ivwc vycoNgy – aqy afpxy aMdfjLy iemfndfrI nfl lgfAuxf| dyxdfrIaF (lfieibiltIjL) jo qusIN vfips moVnf hY- smyq ivwqI AuDfr dy - Auh quhfzIaF dyxdfrIaF hn| Audfhrx vjoN quhfzI dyxdfrI quhfzI kfr dI kImq nhIN hY pr ivafj smyq kfr dy krjLy dI vfips kIqI jfx vflI kuwl rkm hY| qusIN krjLy dIaF moVIaF jfx vflIaF iksLqF dI igxqI nUM iksLq dI rkm nfl guxf kr ky ies df ihsfb lgf skdy ho. afdrsLk qOr qy quhfzy asfisaF dI sUcI quhfzIaF dyxdfrIaF dI sUcI nfloN vwzI hoxI cfhIdI hY. jy kr ies qrHF nhIN hY, qF ieh gwl mn ivwc rwKxf ik ieh aMkVy Kfs Aus vyly vfsqy hI hn. hr cIjL – quhfzy asfsy aqy quhfzIaF dyxdfrIaF – lgfqfr bdldy rihMdy hn. AuDfr lYxf? AuDfr lYx dIaF nIqIaF jdoN qusIN pYsf AuDfr lYx bfry socdy ho, keI cIjLF bfry ivcfr kr lYxf cfhIdf hY. qusIN hyT ilKIaF gwlF kr skdy hoxy cfhIdy ho: • alwg-alwg vsIilaF aqy AuDfr dyx vflIaF sMsQfvF dI pihcfx krn dy • AuplbD krijLaF dy vyrivaF dI smJ dy • krjLy dI kImq kwZx dy Xog hox dy • afpxI krjLy dI hwd pqf krn dy icqfvnI dIaF insLfnIaF? jdoN quhfnUM krjLy sMbMDI koeI musLkl pysL afvy, Aus df iekbfl krnf bVf aOKf huMdf hY. ieh mMnxf bVf aOKf huMdf hY ik qusIN afpxy KricaF dI Xojnf TIk nhIN sI bxfeI. hyTF kuwJ insLfnIaF idwqIaF geIaF hn ijnHF qoN pqf lwgdf hY ik qusIN musLkl vwl nUM vD rhy ho: • ipCly mhIny dy ibl dyx qoN pihlF hI agly mhIny dy ibl afAuxy sLurU ho jFdy hn. • quhfnUM pqf nhIN hY ik quhfzy isr ikMnHf krjL hY • purfxy krjLy moVn leI qusIN nvF krjL lYNdy ho • hr mhIny qusIN isrPL Gwto-Gwt rfsLI hI moVdy ho • qusIN krjLy qy afpxI Kfls (nYWt) afmdn df 20% qoN vI vDyry lgfAuNdy ho • inqfpRqI dy KricaF leI quhfnUM afpxI bcq KrcxI pYNdI hY • ijMnHy qusIN smJdy sI, ibl Aus qoN vDyry hn • quhfnUM pqf hY ik “pfst-izAU” (qfrIK lMG jfx dy) noits vyKx nUM ikwdF dy huMdy hn • quhfnUM kRYizt kfrz dI stytmYNt qy “EvrizAU bYlYNs” (bkfieaf Bugqfn) imldf hY • qusIN icwTIaF KolHx qoN prhyjL krdy ho • qusIN afpxI cYWkbuwk ivwc Kfqf clfAux leI sLfied hI kdI koeI bkfieaf rwiKaf hovy 19 krjLy qoN mukq hoxf afpxy krjLy dy Bfr nUM Gwt krnf afpxy krjLy dy Bfr aqy krjL/afmdn anupfq nUM bdlx dy do mhfn qrIky hn: Krc GtfAu aqy afmdn vDfAu. jy vDIk kMm aqy afmdn afsfnI nfl AuplbD nhIN hn qF Krc GtfAuxf krjLy dy Bfr nUM Gwt krn df sB qoN qyjL qrIkf ho skdf hY| ies nUM afpxy pYsy dy pRbMD df apRysLn hI smJo. pr ijAuN-ijAuN cMgyrI ivwqI ishq nfl qusIN TIk huMdy jfvogy, qusIN vyKoNgy ik sMBv qOr qy quhfzf rvweIaf, dUijaF nfl sMbMD, jjLbfq, aqy hfsf-mjLfk vI suDrdf jfvygf. cIjLF KrId-KrId ky qusIN afpxy krjLy dy Bfr nUM vDfeI hI nhIN jfxf huMdf. Xfd rwKo, quhfnUM iksy stIrIE qy byhwd sLfndfr sOdf iml skdf hY pr jy qusIN iqMn sfl qk ies dy pYsy cukqf hI nhIN krny, sOdf kr ky bcfey pYsy quhfzy iksy kMm nhIN. idl dy afKy lwg ky KrIdfrI nf kro. idl dy afKy lwg ky KrIdfrI krnf AunHF cIjLF bfry kihMdy hn ijnHF nUM KrIdx df quhfzf ierfdf stor ivwc dfKl hox vyly iblkul vI nhIN sI. quhfnUM hYrfnI hovygI ik ies df iKafl rwKx nfl ikMnHf Prk pY skdf hY. afpxf Kfxf pkfAuxf aqy kMm vflI QF qy lY jfxf iswKo. iewk hPqf iksy rYstorYNt qoN Kfxf KrIdx aqy iewk hPqf GroN lY jfx dI kImq ivwc mukfblf kr ky vyKo. qusIN ieh Prk jfx ky hYrfn ho skdy ho. ienHF ivwcoN isrPL iewk qbdIlI hI quhfnUM afpxI ivwqI hflq suDfrn leI iewk qkVI sLurUafq dy skdI hY. vDIk afmdn pYdf krn dy vsIilaF bfry soco: jF qF koeI pfrt-tfeIm kMm jF vDyry pYsf dyx vflI koeI muwK nOkrI. ibl Augrfhux vfilaF nfl gwl krnf dyr krn nfloN CyqI gwl kr lvo 20 iksy ibl Augrfhux vfly vwloN Pon kIqy jfx dI AuzIk nf kro. jdoN quhfnUM ivwqI musLklF hox, afpxy krjLdfqfvF nfl ijMnI jldI ho sky, gwl kr lYxf mhwqvpUrx hY. ikAu? ikAuN ik quhfzy krjLdfr Aus vyly quhfzy qoN vDyry pYsf vsUl kr rhy ho skdy hn. quhfzIaF ivwqI musLklF nUM BulfAux dI bjfey ienHF df qurMq hwl kIqy jfx nfl quhfzI gwl vDyry gMBIrqf nfl suxI jfvygI. AugrfhI krn vfilaF nfl gwl ikvyN krIey? ibl Augrfhux vfly df kMm hY quhfnUM afpxf sfrf bkfieaf jldI qoN jldI dyx leI kihxf. ieh iKafl ivwc rwKdy hoey, ienHF nukiqaF nUM Xfd rwKxf: • afpxy hosL nf gvfAu • jy kr smF ZukvF nf hovy, AugrfhI krn vfly df nMbr lvo, aYpuafieMtmYNt bxfAu aqy muV Pon kro • afpxy krjLy dy vyrvy iqafr rwKo • afpxI vrksLIt dI jfxkfrI Pon dy nyVy rwKo qF ik cusqI nfl gwl kr skoN • afpxy krjLy nfl inptx bfry suJfAux leI koeI Xojnf iqafr rwKo • ibl Augrfhux vfly dy suJfvF nUM suxo • jy kr iksy Kfs ibl Augrfhux vfly nfl ivhfr krn ivwc musLkl af rhI hY, dUjy nfl ivhfr krn leI bynqI kro jy quhfzy vwloN pYsy moVny bxdy nhIN hn AugrfhI krn vfly nUM dwso ik qusIN krjLy dI hoNd qoN “ienkfrI” (izsipAUitMg) ho. AugrfhI krn vfly nUM pwqr ilKo aqy ijMnHI jldI ho sky, iewk nkl krjL dyx vfly mUl ivakqI jF adfry nUM Byj idAu aqy dwso ik qusIN krjLy qoN ienkfrI ikAuN ho. afpxf nfm, Kfqy df nMbr, bkfey dI rfsLI, aqy afpxy dfavy df sbUq nfl ilKo. jy qusIN kuwJ pYsy dyxy hn: • AugrfhI krn vfly nUM dwso ik qusIN kuwJ pYsy dyxy hn aqy krjLy dy kuwJ ihwsy qoN “ienkfrI” ho • ijMnHf qusIN dyxf hY, qurMq adf kr idAu, jF AugrfhI krn vfly nfl gwl kro ik bkfieaf rfsLI qusIN ikvyN adf kroNgy • AugrfhI krn vfly nUM pwqr ilK ky ibafn kro ik JgVy vfly krjLy dI dyxdfrI ikAuN nhIN bxdI • pwqr dI iewk nkl afpxy lyKy vfsqy rwK lvo. • afpxf nfm, Kfqf nMbr aqy bkfieaf rfsLI ilKo • ies icwTI nUM afpxy Bugqfn dy nfl nf Byjo. ieh pwwqr vwKry qOr qy krjLdfqf dy gfhk-syvf ivBfg nUM Byjo jy qusIN Auh rkm pihlF hI vfips kr cuwky ho ijhVI Auh kihMdy hn quhfzy vwl bkfieaf hY: Bugqfn kIqy jfx df sbUq dyx dI pysLksL kro. rwd hoey cYWk dy agly aqy ipCly pfisaF dI qsvIr jF mnI afrzr dI rsId dI nkl Byjx dI pysLksL kro| mUl dsqfvyj nf Byjo. quhfzy hwk krjLf hox nfl quhfzy krjLdfqfvF nUM quhfzI jfn Kfx df hwk nhIN iml jFdf. AunHF nUM kuwJ inXmF aDIn hI ivhfr krnf pYNdf hY. krjL dyx vfilaF qy ieh sLrqF lfgU hn: • ilKqI rUp ivwc quhfnUM quhfzy krjL dI rfsLI aqy krjL dyx vfly df nfm dwsx • krjLy dI rkm qy ikMqU krn dy quhfzy hwk bfry quhfnUM jfxkfrI dyx • jy kr qusIN krjLy qoN ienkfrI ho qF quhfnUM krjLf dyx df ilKqI sbUq dyx ibl adf nf kIqy jfx dy kfrx: • afmdn clI jfxf • byrojLgfrI • ibmfrI • hor (qlfk, mOq) • loVoN vwD jfxf (jF ivwqoN vD jfxf): • • • • pYsy df mfVf pRbMD aYmrjYNsI pdfrQvfd qurMq vsqF hfsl krn dI KfihsL 48% 25% • nfks Auqpfdn aqy syvfvF 20% • krjLy dI DoKfsLudf vrqoN 4% • hor: 3% kRYizt bfry kONsilMg (msLvrf) hr vrHy hjLfrF hI kYnyzIan ivwqI musIbqF ivwc Ps jFdy hn. pr mdd AuplbD hY| mulk Br ivwc keI AuDfr bfry msLvrf dyx leI gYrmunfPfsLudf, prAupkfrI jwQybMdIaF mOjUd hn jo krjLy dI smwisaf ivwcoN inklx leI quhfzI mdd kr skdIaF hn. bhuqIaF pihlI vfrI msLvrf muPq idMdIaF hn. pihlI mIitMg qoN bfad Auh quhfzy ivwq muqfbk QoVI ijhI PIs vsUl krdIaF hn. krjL dyx vfly ieh nhIN kr skdy: • rfq dy 10 qoN svyr dy 8 vjy qk quhfzy nfl sMprk • (quhfzy vkIl qoN ibnf) iksy nUM krjLy dI rkm dwsxf • kfnUMnI kfrvfeI, nOkrI qoN CuwtI, jF smfijk ruqby ivwc nuksfn phuMcfAux dI DmkI • iksy iewk idn ivwc do vfrI qoN vDyry vfrI Pon rfhIN sMprk krnf (ies ivwc afnsirMg msLIn qy jF iksy hor iDr kol sunyhf Cwzxf sLfiml hY) • ieh suJfa dyxf ik iksy hor vsIly qoN pYsy lY ky krjL moVo • iksy vI iksm df nfvfijb ivhfr krnf, ijvyN quhfzy bkfey qoN vDyry rkm vsUlxf jy kr ienHF inXmF dI pflxf nf kIqI jfvy, ihAUmn irsorisjL aYNz sikwljL izvYlpmYNt kYnyzf (www.hrsdc. gc.ca) kol isLkfieq drj krvfAu. ho skdf hY quhfnUM dIvflIeypn dI drKfsq dyxI pvy. pr qusIN krjLy ivwcoN hor qrIikaF nfl vI inkl skdy ho. aqy iewk kRYizt kONslr (krjLy bfry mfihr) quhfzy krjLdfqfvF nfl quhfzIaF iksLqF GtfAux jF quhfzy ivwq muqfbk pYsf moVx dI koeI Xojnf bxfAux leI quhfzI ibnf qy gwl krdf hY. krjLy bfry kONsilMg dIaF syvfvF aijhIaF vrksLfpF df ieMqjLfm vI krdIaF hn ijwQy muvwkl afpxy afp nUM dubfrf ivwqI msilaF ivwc Psx qoN bcx leI igafnvfn bxf skdy hn. 21 vsIly quhfzIaF ivwqI musLklF nUM nijwTx leI krjLy bfry PfiedymMd slfh dy skx vflIaF keI kONsilMg syvfvF mOjUd hn. ienHF ivwcoN kuwJ hyT idwqI sUcI ivwc drj hn: Credit Counselling Society of British Columbia (kRYizt kfAUNsilMg susfietI afPL ibRitsL kolMbIaf) 330 – 435 Columbia St. New Westminster, BC V3L 5N8 1-888-527-8999, 604-527-8999 Credit Counselling Service of Alberta (kRYizt kfAUNsilMg srivis afPL albrtf) Sunrise Square Suite 225, 602 – 11th Ave. SW Calgary, AB T2R 1J8 1-888-294-0076, 403-265-2201 Credit Counselling Services of Atlantic Canada Inc. (Saint John office) (kRYizt kfAUNsilMg srivisjL afPL aYtlFitk kYnyzf ieMk[- syNt jfnH afiPs) Harbour Building 703 – 133 Prince William St. Saint John, NB E2L 2B6 1-800-753-2227, 506-652-1613 The Office of the Rentalsman, Province Mediation Board, Debt Management, Saskatchewan Department of Justice (d afiPLs afPL d rYNtljLmYn, pRfivMs mIzIeysLn borz, zYt mYnyjmYNt, sskYcUafn izpfrtmYNt afPL jsits) 2151 Scarth St., Suite 120 Regina, SK S4N 3V7 1-888-215-2222, 306-787-5387 Credit Counselling Services of Atlantic Canada Inc. (Halifax office) (kRYizt kfAUNsilMg srivisjL afPL aYtlFitk kYnyzf ieMk[- hYlIPYks afiPs) 6080 Young St., Suite 509 Halifax, NS B3K 5L2 902-423-3236 Manitoba Community Financial Counselling Services (mYnItobf kimAUintI PfeInYNsLl kONsilMg srivisjL) 22 Room 203 – 290 Vaughn St. Winnipeg, MB R3B 2N8 1-888-573-2383, 204-989-1900 Credit Counselling Services of PEI (kRYizt kfAUNsilMg srivisjL afPL pI[eI[afeI[) 166 Fitzroy St., Charlottetown, PEI C1A 1S1 1-866-892-2441 The Ontario Association of Credit Counselling Agencies (d EntyrIE aYsosIeysLn afPL kRYizt kONsilMg eyjMsIjL) PO Box 189 Grimsby, Ont. L3M 4G5 1-888-7-IN-DEBT, 905-945-5644 Yukon Territory Consumer Services Department of Justice (XUkOn tYrItorI kMijLAUmr srivisjL, izpfrtmYNt afPL jsits) 2130 Second Ave., Box 2703 Whitehorse, YK Y1A 2C6 867-667-3033 Personal Credit Counselling Service of Newfoundland and Labrador (kRYizt kfAUNsilMg srivisjL afPL aYtlFitk kYnyzf ieMk[- syNt jfnH afiPs) 22 Queen’s Rd. St. John’s, NF A1C 2A5 709-753-5812 Human Resources and Skills Development Canada (ihAUmn irsorisjL aYNz sikwljL izvYlpmYNt kYnyzf) HRSDC Communications Branch 140 Promenade du Portage Place du Portage, Phase IV, 12th Floor Gatineau, Qué. K1A 0J9 819-994-5559 Equifax Canada Inc. (iekUeIPYks kYnyzf ieMk[) Consumer Relations Department Box 190 Jean Talon Station Montreal, Que. H1S 2Z2 1-800-465-7166 TransUnion Canada (tRFs-XUnIan kYnyzf) P.O. Box 338, LCD 1 Hamilton, Ont. L8L 7W2 1-866-525-0262, 905-525-0262 Northern Credit Bureaus Inc. (nfrdrn kRYizt ibAUrojL ieMk[) www.creditbureau.ca Fax (toll-free): 1-800-646-5876
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