NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHOTONICS SCIENCE - INCT
Transcrição
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHOTONICS SCIENCE - INCT
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF PHOTONICS SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FOR OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS FOTONICOM Annual Activity Report February 2009 – July 2010 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Campinas, State of São Paulo, July 2010 [Digite texto] Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Contents 1 Generalities ................................ ................................................................................................ ................................................ 5 1.1 The Institute ................................ ................................................................................................ ........................................... 5 1.2 Mission ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................................. 7 1.3 Organization ................................ ................................................................................................ .......................................... 9 1.4 Short biographies of the main leaders ................................................................ .................................. 11 2 Research ................................ ................................................................................................ ................................................. 16 2.1 Research Facilities Facilities............................................................................................... ............................... 16 2.1.1 2.1.2 2.1.3 2.1.4 2.1.5 2.1.6 2.1.7 2.2 Nonlinear Optics (NLO) ........................................................................................ ........................ 21 2.2.1 2.2.2 2.2.3 2.2.4 2.2.5 2.2.6 2.3 Fabrication of photonic optical fibers from soft glasses ................................................ ................................ 27 Comparative analysis of photoresists using soft X X-ray ray synchrotron radiation............... radiation 27 Photonic crystal fibers with integrated electrodes ......................................................... ................................ 27 Review article on photonic crystal fibers ................................................................ ....................................... 28 Other results ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................................. 28 Modeling (MOD) ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................. 30 2.5.1 2.5.2 2.5.3 2.5.4 2.6 Stadium microcavity lasers ............................................................................................ ............................ 25 Other results ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................................. 26 Photonic tonic Band Gap Structures (PBG) ................................................................ .................................. 26 2.4.1 2.4.2 2.4.3 2.4.4 2.4.5 2.5 Field trials in KyaTera dark fiber network ................................................................ ...................................... 22 Optimizing fiber profiles for optical amplifiers ................................................................ ................................ 22 Frequency comb generation usin using cascaded FWM in fibers ........................................ ................................ 22 Optical fibers and advanced materials ................................................................ .......................................... 23 All-optical optical nonlinear switching cell made of photonic crystal ........................................ ................................ 24 Other results ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................................. 24 Semiconductor Nanophotonics (SNF) ................................................................ .................................. 24 2.3.1 2.3.2 2.4 KyaTera Optical Testbed ............................................................................................... ............................... 16 Optical Communications Laboratory (Prof. Fragnito) .................................................... ................................ 17 Computer Cluster for Photonic Devices Modeling (Prof. Hernandez Hernandez-Figueroa) Figueroa) ........... 18 Fiber Fabrication Facility (Prof. Barbosa) ................................................................ ...................................... 18 Semiconductor Nano Nano-Fabrication Facilities (Prof. Newton Frateschi) .......................... 19 SOA Laboratory (Prof. Conforti) ................................................................ .................................................... 20 Optical metrology facility (Prof (Prof. Caldas Cruz) ............................................................... ............................... 21 Modeling of cylindrically symmetric photonic devices ................................................... ................................ 30 Modeling of optical parametric amplifiers based on fibers and waveguides ................. 31 Exact localized wave solutions totally free of backward components ........................... 31 Other results ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................................. 31 Systems (SYS) ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................... 32 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 2.6.1 2.6.2 2.7 High Speed Electro Electro-optical Switching ................................................................ ........................................... 32 Other results ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................................. 33 Optical ical Networks (NET) ....................................................................................... ....................... 33 2.7.1 2.7.2 2.7.3 Feedforward carrier recovery for polarization demultiplexed signals ............................ 34 Fairness algorithms for dynamic traffic grooming in WDM mesh networks .................. 34 Other results ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................................. 34 3 Human Resources Formation ................................................................ .................................................. 36 4 Technology Transfer ................................ ................................................................................................ ................................ 37 5 Science ience Education and Dissemination ................................................................ ..................................... 38 5.1 Main E&D activities .............................................................................................. .............................. 38 5.2 Other E&D Activities ............................................................................................ ............................ 40 6 Synergism rgism and International Cooperation ................................................................ ................................ 41 Appendices ................................ ................................................................................................ ................................................... 43 6.1 A1. Publications ................................ ................................................................................................ .................................. 43 6.2 A2. Theses ................................ ................................................................................................ ......................................... 56 6.3 A2. Other relevant information ................................................................ ............................................ 58 6.4 A3. Hits in the media ........................................................................................... ........................... 59 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 1 1.1 Generalities The Institute FOTONICOM is a National Institute for Science and Technology (INCT, acronym acro which comes from: Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Tecnologia, in Portuguese) focused focus on the field of Photonics for Optical Communications. ommunications. The Institute is hosted at the University of Campinas – UNICAMP. Campinas is an industrial and R&D hub in Information and Communication Technologies (ICT).. In this environment, UNICAMP developed a long tradition of high quality research in Optical Communications. The Institute congregates researchers from the Physics Institute, the School of Electrical and Comput Computer Engineering, and the Computing Institute at UNICAMP, as well as associated groups from Pontifical Catholic c University Universit of Campinas, Presbyterian n Mackenzie University (Sao Paulo), Institute of Advanced dvanced Studies (Sao Jose dos Campos, SP), University of the ABC (Santo Andr Andre,, SP), Technological University of Paraná, Paran Federal University of Pará (Belém (Belém), Federal University of Ceará (Fortaleza), ), Federal University of Bahia, and Federal University of Alagoas. The research activities include fundamental studies in photonics, materials science, devices and system applications, as well as applied projects on demand from industry. Ongoing O studies include: microstructured optical fibers, microcavity semiconductor lasers, fiber optic communication systems, nonlinear optics in fibers and waveguides, and modeling and fabrication of photonic structures and waveguides. Our team has develo developed ped excellent research facilities in several fields of optics and photonics at UNICAMP.. The facilities available for the Institute include modern laboratories for micro/nano photonics semiconductor devices fabrication, optical fiber fabrication and characterizations, nonlinear fiber optics, high capacity DWDM systems, device modeling, and an optical testbed (KyaTera KyaTera). KyaTera testbed interconnects connects most R&D groups in optical communications in the State of Sao Paulo with multiple fibers arriving directly to the wall of the laboratories. The Institute comprise rises 37 professors, 8 post-docs, 42 PhD students, 56 MSc students and 48 undergraduate students. Along this first period, we have graduated 10 PhDs 14 MScs and 14 undergraduate were tra trained in scientific initiation last five years, these the researchers generated more than 300 p papers in international journals. The main mission of FOTONICOM is to establish a long term Program to foster the national development of Optical Communications through improvements in the research and higher high education systems, transfer of knowledge to the society, and industry-academy academy interactions. intera Page 5 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas The grand scientific challenges that motivate motivated our Program arose se mainly from the foreseen explosive growth of the Internet, high definition video video, broadband and mobile services, real-time real applications, and user generated content. In order to cope with the expected demand for bandwidth and applications requiring low network latency and quality of service, the t present transmission and networking capacities should incr increase by two-to-three three orders of magnitude in 1 the next 20 years . This is a conservative prediction when co compared mpared to the actual evolution of optical communications mmunications in the past 3 decades, where the capacity was inc increased reased by 6 orders of magnitude – from few Mb/s to few Tb/s. Even a 10 100-fold fold increase in capacity requires 2 disruptive technologies , since the technology of present communication systems does do not scale by such factor (see scalability challenge below). At the same time, power consumption, size, and cost should be reduced by the same factor. This his imposes great challenges for the research community. Our Research Program faces these se challenges by articulating art groups sharing complementary competences and research facilities, and effective collaborations with groups of excellence abroad and at other institutions in Brazil. Nanophotonic anophotonic devices towards the development of IPCs that may greatl greatly y reduce cost, size and energy consumption, as well as 100 Gb/s systems and ultra broadband parametric amplifiers for improved scalable WDM systems, are among FOTONICOM’s ’s objects of study. Semiconductor lasers and amplifiers, as well as photonic crystal fibers and 2D photonic crystal structures will be fabricated in the Institute, and with the aid of advanced simulation modeling tools also developed within the Institute Institute. Fotonicom is engaged in creating a collaborative environment. Among the actions proposed to overcome geographical barriers and promote synergism, we invest in students exchange and in developing and using Web tools to facilitate remote access to our laboratory labora facilities. We also interact closely with the productive sector and the government. Our Institute helps the industry to develop advanced photonic prod products ucts and solutions, incubates incubate hi-tech businesses, and organize organizes workshops and training courses for the industry. The transfer of knowledge to the society is an important aspect of our activities. Several winter/summer schools, undergraduate and graduate level courses, the elaboration of a book, and special events to awake scientific vocations among the children hildren and teenagers are in our agenda. 1 Towards a Bright Future for Europe, Strategic Research Agenda in Photonics,, European Technology Platform Photonics21, April 2006. (Download Download available at www.photonics21.org). 2 Emmanuel B. Desurvire, Capacity Demand and Technology Challenges for Lightwave Systems in the Next Two Decades, J. Lightwave Technol., Vol.. 24 (12), pp 4697 4697-4710, Dec. 2006. Page 6 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Finally, a detailed descr description ption of our activities, organized in a comprehensive way, is available in our website http://fotonicom.ifi.unicamp.br http://fotonicom.ifi.unicamp.br. 1.2 Mission The long-term programmatic objectives that we pursue for the Institute are: To develop a network of research expertise to explore scientific advances in photonics that may lead to substantial improvements of optical communications and in support for the development evelopment of the national industry; To develop strong connections between the academy, the industry and the government for the national development of optical communications; To develop highly qualified human resources in optical communications, with solid sol background for science and engineering, for the academy and industry. To facilitate a fast growth of emerging groups in the field of optical communications and stimulate groups of expertise in other fields of optics and photonics to migrate to optical communications; To contribute to the dissemination of science and technology in the society by presenting optical communications in comprehensive but accurate language; To awake vocations for science and engineering among the children and teenagers; The general programmatic goals goals, for the next 5 years, are: To develop world class facilities for micro/nano micro/nano-fabrication fabrication of integrated photonics and microstructured devices; To develop world--class class facilities for experimental studies in advanced optical communication mmunication systems, including field trial of optical devices, transmission, signal processing, and networking strategies; To develop world class facilities for modeling complex photonic structures for optical communications; To demonstrate advanced nano nano-structured structured materials and devices, and subsystems that may lead to significant improvements in the capacity of optical communications; To graduate 50 doctors, 50 masters, and train 50 undergraduate students in the field of optical communications; To elaborate orate three regular courses for graduate (or advanced undergraduate) students of physics, electrical engineering and computer science, on the fundamentals of optical communications; Page 7 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas To edit a book on photonics for optical communications, with contributed chapters from the Institute researchers, through an international renowned publishing company; To organize at least three workshops on technology update for the industry, to sign an expressive number of R&D contracts with the industry, involving emerging rresearch esearch groups; To reach 2000 people (students from elementary and high schools, teachers, technicians, and the general public) through our ed education and dissemination program. Along this report, we demonstrate significant advances towards these programmatic programmat goals. For example we have already graduated 10 PhDs and 14 MScs and in our KyaTera testbed we extended from 4000 to 6000 km of optical fibers, now covering almost completely the whole state of Sao Paulo. Regarding our education and dissemination progr program am we have reached re over 300 people and regarding technology transfer one spinoff company has already been generated. Page 8 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 1.3 Organization General Coordinator: Prof. Hugo Luis Fragnito Vice- General Coordenator: Prof. Hugo E. Hernández Figueroa Management Board: Prof. Hugo L. Fragnito Prof. Hugo E. Hernández Figueroa Prof. Newton C. Frateschi Prof. Hélio Waldman Prof. João Marcos T. Romano Advisory Board Prof. Jonathan Knight, University of Bath, UK Prof. Ivan Kminow, now, University of Berkeley, USA Our activities are managed through four coordinations: Logistic Coordination Coordinator: Prof. Newton Frateschi Coordenation of Technology Transfer Coordinator: Prof. Flávio Cruz Coordenation of Science Education and Dissemination Coordinator: Prof. Fernando Paixão Technical Coordination (Research) Coordinator: Prof. Hugo E. Hernández Figueroa The Technical (Research) Areas are six: Nonlinear Optics (NLO) Leader: Prof. Hugo L. Fragnito Investigators Page 9 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Hugo Luis Fragnito – IFGW/ IFGW/UNICAMP Flávio Caldas da Cruz – IFGW/ IFGW/UNICAMP Luiz Carlos Barbosa – IFGW/ IFGW/UNICAMP Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr. – FT/UNICAMP J. Diego Marconi – Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Fulvio Andrés Callegari – Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Marcelo Luis Francisco Abbade Abbade– PUC Campinas Eric Alberto de Mello Fagotto – PUC Campinas Eunésio A. de Souza – Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM) Jandir Miguel Hickmann – Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL) Antônio Sérgio Bezerra Sombra – Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) Semiconductor Nanophotonics (SNP) Leader: Prof. Newton Cesário Frateschi Investigators Newton C. Frateschi – IFGW/ IFGW/UNICAMP Jandir Miguel Hickmann - Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL) Photonic Band Gap Structures (PBG) Leader: Prof. Lucila Cescato Investigators Lucila Cescato – IFGW/UNICAMP UNICAMP Cristiano M. B. Cordeiro – IFGW/UNICAMP Luiz Carlos Barbosa – IFGW/ IFGW/UNICAMP Christiano J. S. de Matos – Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie Hypolito José Kalinowski – Universidade Técnica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) Jandir Miguel Hickmann – Universidade Federal de Alagoas (UFAL) Modeling (MOD) Leader: Prof. Hugo E. Hernández Figueroa Investigators Hugo E. Hernández Figueroa – FEEC/UNICAMP Michel Zamboni Rached – FEEC/UNICAMP Leonardo L. Bravo Roger – FT/UNICAMP Marcos S. Gonçalves – FT/ FT/UNICAMP Page 10 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Marli de F. G. Hernández – FT/UNICAMP Marcos Antonio Ruggieri Franco – Instituto de Estudos Avançados (IEAv) Francisco Sircilli Neto – Instituto de Estudos Avançados (IEAv) Victor Dmitriev – Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Karlo Costa – Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) Vitaly Felix Rodriguez Esquerre – Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA) Systems (SYS) Leader: Prof. Evandro Conforti Investigators Evandro Conforti – FEEC/ FEEC/UNICAMP Aldário C. Bordonalli – FEEC/ FEEC/UNICAMP João Marcos T. Romano – FEEC/UNICAMP Cristiano M. Gallep – FT/ UNICAMP Ricardo Suyama – Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Networks (NET) Leader: Prof. Nelson L. S. da Fonseca Investigators Nelson L. S. da Fonseca – IC/UNICAMP Edmundo R. Mauro Madeira – IC/UNICAMP Helio Waldman – Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Gustavo Souza Pavani – Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Gélio Mendes Ferreira – Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC) Antônio Sérgio Bezerra Sombra – Universidade Federal do Ceará (UFC) 1.4 Short biographies of the main leaders Coordinator of the Institute,, Management Boeard Member & Leader of the NLO Area: Hugo Luis Fragnito was born in Argentina (1950); obtained his Licentiate in Physics from University of Buenos Aires (1976) and Doctor of Sciences from State University of Campinas, UNICAMP (1984). His research experience includes infrared and submillimeter lasers (1975 (1975-1979), nonlinear optics (1980-1986), 1986), ultrafast optical phenomena (1987 (1987-1990) and fiber optics (1990-present). present). He was research visitor at Università di Roma, Italy (1980 (1980-1981) 1981) and at AT&T Bell Laboratories, Holmdel, NJ, Page 11 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas USA (1987-1989). 1989). He is member of the Opti Optical Society of America, IEEE - Lasers and Optoelectronics Society, IEEE - Communications Society, Brazilian Physical Society, Brazilian Microwave and Optoelectronics Society, and Brazilian Telecommunications Society. Prof. Fragnito is author or co co-author off over 150 scientific papers in peer reviewed journals or international conference proceedings, and wrote several tutorial texts for students of Physics. His publications were cited over 1 1300 00 times in the scientific literature. Presently he is Full Professor Profess at the Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, UNICAMP.. He is Director of the Optics and Photonics Research Center at UNICAMP and General Coordinator of the KyaTera Project. Vice-Coordinator Coordinator of the Institute, Management Board Member, Technical Coordinator & Leader of the MOD Area: Hugo E. Hernández Hernández-Figueroa received the B.Sc. degree in electrical engineering from the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil, in 1983, the M.Sc. degree in electrical engineering and the M.Sc in informatics, from the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, in 1985 and 1987, respectively, and the Ph.D. degree in physics from the Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of London, UK, in 1992. After spending two years as a Postdoctoral Fellow with the De Department partment of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London (UCL), London, UK, he joined the University of Campinas (UNICAMP), ), School of Electrical and Computer Engineering (FEEC), Department of Microwaves and Optics (DMO), as an Assistant Professor, in 1995. In 2005, he became Full Professor. He is a CNPq research fellow, level 1B. He has published over 75 papers in renowned journals and over 150 international conference papers. He is also a Co-Editor Editor of the book Localized Waves: Theory an and d Applications (Wiley and Sons, 2008). 200 He was an Associate Editor (Opto-Electronics/Integrated Electronics/Integrated Optics) of the IEEE / OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology (January 2004 – December 2009). He was the General Co Co-Chair Chair of the OSA Integrated Photonics and Nanophotonics tonics Research and Applications (IPNRA) 2008 topical meeting. His research interests concentrate on a wide variety of wave electromagnetic phenomena and applications mainly in photonics and microwaves. He is also involved on research projects dealing with information technology applied to technology-based technology education. He was a recipient of the IEEE Third Millennium Medal in 2000. Management Board Member Member, Logistic Coordinator and Leader of the SNP SN Area: Newton Cesário Frateschi is an associate professor at the "Gleb Wataghin" Physics Institute, UNICAMP UNICAMP.. He is currently the director of the Center for Semiconductor Components, UNICAMP UNICAMP.. He obtained his bachelor’s and master’s degree in Physics from the "Gleb Wataghin" Physics Insti Institute tute in 1984 and 1986, respectively. He obtained his master’s and PhD in Electrical Engineering from the University of Southern California in 1989 e1993, respectively, working at the National Center for Integrated Photonics Technology USC. He was a research h associate from 1993 to 1995 at the Advanced Interconnect Network Technology Laboratory, USC. From 2001 to 2003, he worked as a senior optoelectronic designer at T T-Networks Networks Inc., Pennsylvania, USA, Page 12 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas leading the advanced photonic device technology group. He is a CNPq research fellow, level 1D and the author or coauthor of 63 scientific papers in peer reviewed journals or international conference proceedings with 174 citations and 8 international patents in the area of optoelectronics. Management Board Member: Helio Waldman received a BSEE from Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica (ITA) at São José dos Campos, Brazil, in 1966, and the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees from Stanford University in 1968 and 1972, respectively. In 1973 he joined the State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), ( where he was Director of the School of Engineering at Campinas from 1982 to 1986 and Research Vice-President President from 1986 to 1990. He is currently Research Vice-President Vice of UFABC – Universidade Federal do ABC, a new Brazilian Federal U University niversity currently under construction in the State of São Paulo. Dr. Waldman is a Senior Member of IEEE and a Senior Member of SBrT, where he served as President between 1988 and 1990. Dr. Waldman was active in the investigation of ionospheric physics usi using ng satellite radio emissions until 1973, when he engaged on a Brazilian research program on digital communications systems. Since the eighties, his research interests have focused on the fiber optic channel. He has authored three books (all in Portuguese): "Digital Signal Processing" (1987), "Optical Fibers: Technology and System Design" (1991), and "Telecommunications: Principles and Trends" (1997). He is a CNPq research fellow, level 1B 1B.. He has published 22 papers in international journals, and 85 papers in proceedings of scientific meetings. He has supervised 29 Master's Theses and twelve doctoral Theses. His current research interests are in the areas of Optical Networking and Broadband Communications. He is also interested in discussing the new communic communication ation technologies and their impact on labor, education and society. Management Board Member: João Marcos Travassos Romano João Marcos Travassos Romano was born in Rio de Janeiro in 1960. He received the B.S. and M.S. degrees in electrical engineering from the University of Campinas ((UNICAMP)) in Brazil in 1981 and 1984, respectively. In 1987, he received the Ph.D. degree from University of Paris Paris-XI. XI. In 1988, he joined the School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Engineering-FEEC/UNICAMP,, where he is now a Professor. Prof He served as an Invited Professor in the University René Descartes in Paris, during the winter of 1999, and in the Communications and Electronic Laboratory in CNAM/Paris during the winter of 2002. He is responsible for the Signal Processing for Comm Communications unications Laboratory and his research interests concern adaptive and intelligent signal processing and its applications in telecommunications problems like channel equalization and smart antennas. CNPq research fellow, level 1 B.. He is a Member of the IEEE IEE Electronics and Signal Processing Technical Committee and an IEEE Senior Member. From 2000 to 2004, he was the President of the Brazilian Communications Society (SBrT), a sister society of ComSoc-IEEE. IEEE. Page 13 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Coordinator of Technology nology Transfer: Flavio C. Cruz received MSc (1990) and PhD (1994) degrees in Physics from the University of Campinas (UNICAMP UNICAMP), ), Brazil, with work on high resolution atomic and molecular laser spectroscopy. From 1994 to 1996 he was guest researcher at the National Institute Institut of Standards and Technology (NIST), in Boulder, Colorado, where he worked on laser stabilization and development of an optical frequency standard based on laser cooled and trapped mercury ions. In 1997 he became an assistant professor, and in 2002 an associate ass professor at the Physics Institute at UNICAMP UNICAMP,, where he has been working on optical frequency metrology, laser cooling and trapping, laser technology and development, and laser precision and sensitivity spectroscopy. His research interests include optical ptical frequency combs, laser stabilization, atomic frequency standards, and nonlinear optics. He is a member of the Brazilian Physical Society, American Physical Society (APS), Optical Society of America (OSA) and IEEE-LEOS LEOS society. Prof. Cruz published 5 58 papers in peer-reviewed reviewed journals, supervised 3 PhD theses, 3 MSc theses, and 4 post post-doc doc stages. He holds 3 patents, has 370 citations (Web of Science) and is a CNPq research fellow, level 1C,, and JILA JILA-University of Colorado 2005 visiting fellow. Coordinator of Science Education and Dissemination Dissemination: Fernando Jorge da Paixão FIlho received his bachelor degree in Physics from the Federal University at Paraiba (1972), MSc and PhD in Physics from the University of Campinas (UNICAMP)) in 1976, and 1980, respectively. He is an associate professor at UNICAMP. He was a research associate at the Joint Institute For Laboratory Astrophysics in 1985. His area of expertise is molecular and atomic Physics. Leader of the PBG Area: Lucila Cescato received her bachelor, MSc e PhD degrees in Physics at the University of Campinas (UNICAMP UNICAMP)) in 1978, 1980, and 1987, respectively. She was a research associate at the Erlangen-Nürenberg Nürenberg University funded by the Humboldt Foundation. She is a professor at UNICAMP since 1983. She is a CNPq research fellow, level 1C.. Her area of expertise is holography, electroformation, photonic crystals, and micro micro-nano nano fabrication, where she has 60 peer reviewed journal papers with 393 citations. Page 14 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Leader of the SYS Area: Evandro Conforti Conforti,, (IEEE Student Member 1981, Member 1983, Senior Member 1992) was born in S. J. Rio Preto, SP, Brazil, on August, 30, 1947. He received the B. Sc. degree in Electronic Engineering from the Technological Institute of Aeronautics (ITA), (ITA Brazil, in 1970, the M. Eng. Degree from Federal University of Paraiba (UFPb), Brazil, in 1972, the M. A. Sc. Degree from University of Toronto, Canada, in 1978, and the Ph. D. Degree in Electrical Engineering from State University of Campinas ((UNICAMP), ), Brazil, in 1983. He has been with UNICAMP since 1981, where he was the Dean of the Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering (FEEC) (1984-1987) 1987) and is currently Professor of Electrical Engineering at FEEC. He was a visitor at the Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (1992-1994) 1994) working with the research team of Prof. Sung Sung-Mo Mo (Steve) Kang. He is recipient of the “1º 1º Werner von Siemens Technologic Innovation Prize” (3º place Cat. Researcher), Siemens Brazil 2005; 2005 the “Zeferino Vaz Academic Achievements ts Prize” Prize”, UNICAMP 2005; the “1998 Brazilian Invention Prize”; and the “1983 UNICAMP Research Prize”. CNPq research fellow, level 1B 1B. He holds nine patents, is the co-author co of a book, has 22 peer reviewed journal papers, 113 peer reviewed conference pape papers, rs, 5 PhD theses, 25 MSc theses, patents, and 27 citations (Web of Knowledge). He has graduated 5 Ph.D. students and 25 M. Sc. students. Leader of the NET Area: Nelson Luis Saldanha da Fonseca received his Electrical Engineer (1984) and MSc in Computer Science (1987) degrees from The Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Janeiro Brazil, and the MSc (1993) and Ph.D (1994) degrees in Computer Engineering from f The University of Southern California California. He is a Full Professor at Institute of Computing of The University of Campinas Campinas, Campinas - Brazil and has been affiliated to it since 1995. Currently, he is Head of the Computer Systems Department and Associate Chair for Graduate Studies. He lectured at Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Trento, Italy (2004 and 2007) and at the University of Pisa (2007). He held Le Lecturer cturer positions at Pontifical Catholic University (1985 - 1987) and worked in the Computer Communications group at IBM Rio Scientific Center (1989). He is a CNPq research fellow, level 1C and member of CNPq evaluation committee on Computer Science (CA (CA-CC).. He published over 180 refereed papers and supervised 37 graduate thesis. Page 15 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 2 2.1 Research Research Facilities We present a brief description of the research facilities at UNICAMP that are available for all the FOTONICOM participant groups. These include several facilities for optical communication studies, including computer aided modeling, devices and materials fabrication, system performance evaluation, and a dark fiber o optical ptical testbed (KyaTera) in the State of Sao Paulo. These facilities are very important to attract bright students for our Research and Development (R&D) Programs and industrial partners for our Innovation and Technology Transfer Programs. They have been a also lso important to wake up vocations for science among children and teenagers within our Education and Dissemination Programs. All these facilities were concretized with funds from UNICAMP,, funding agencies (FAPESP,, CNPq, FINEP), and our industrial partners Ericsson, Pirelli (now Prysmian), Telefonica, Padtec, Corning, OFS, Metrocable, and Draktel. We are in the process of purchasing more equipment using the first year funds granted to FOTONICOM’ FOTONICOM by our main sponsors: CNPq and FAPESP. Details about the impact ct of those new equipments in our facilities will be reported in the the next Annual Activity Report. 2.1.1 KyaTera Optical Testbed This is an optical testbed that interconnects almost all R&D laboratories in optical communications, as well as groups developing advanced Internet applications (WebLabs, e e-learning, multimedia) in the State of Sao Paulo. We use optical cables with multiple fibers (typically 36) arriving directly to the wall of the laboratories (FTTLab). This allows us to setup independent optical networks networks among the same nodes operating simultaneously. One pair of fibers is used for a stable network (Ethernet, P2P star configuration) with 1 Gbps minimum access speed and 20 Gbps (2x10G DWDM) in the backbone backbone, see Figure 2.1. Page 16 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Figure 2.1.. Map of the KyaTera network (May ( 2010). This stable network is for Internet applications development and e e-collaboration, and d exchanges traffic with other academic networks (ANSP, RNP, Ipê, and GIGA) and is connected to the Global Lambda Integrated Facility (GILF). All the optical equipment and the core routers were produced by Brazilian industries (Padtec and Datacom Telematica). This project is coordinated by CePOF-UNICAMP CePOF and has over 450 participants. We have deployed over 1000 km of owned fibers. In 2007, Telefonica donated the use of dark fibers (3300 km) to interconnect our cities. For the next three years, with the KyaTera network interconnected to other academic networks around the globe, we expect to improve our scientific collaborations with external groups. In addition, by using more intensively our WebLabs, we expect to show new ways of learning and teaching experimental sciences. 2.1.2 Optical Communications Laboratory (Prof. Fragnito) This is a multi-users multi laboratory tory with complete instrumentation for systems and devices characterizations up to 10 Gbps (Figure ( 2.2). ). Most instruments are computer computer-controlled controlled and can be accessed remotely via WebLab technology. Connected to the KyaTera network with 48 pairs of fibers, it allows establishing fiber links with almost all other laboratories of this type in the State of Sao Paulo, for field trials or for collaborative ex experiments periments with other groups. Among the instruments available, we have a 10 Gbps BERT (Bit (Bit-Error-Rate Rate Tester), 50 GHz oscilloscope, Optical Spectrum Analyzers (OSA), Optical Time Domain Reflectometers (OTDR), 20 GHz synthesized signal generator, Chromatic D Dispersion ispersion Analyzer, 30 GHz Electrical Spectrum Analyzer (ESA), tunable lasers, and a 32 32-channel channel DWDM source in the C-band. C This network brought about new collaborations with the research community in the State of Sao Paulo. KyaTera is also very convenient for field trials of new products and, therefore, very attractive for our industrial partners. Our DWDM system, presently with 32 channels and 10 Gbps per channel, operates as a multi-users users facility, with researchers from several universities now using our laboratory Page 17 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas regularly. We propose to upgrade our facility by multiplying the number of DWDM channels, expanding to 100 Gbps, and acquiring equipment to improve light coupling into photonic crystal fibers (PCF) and silicon photonic waveguides. Figure 2.2.. Left: View of the Optical Communications Laboratory. Right: Homebuilt 32 DWDM channel laser system (bottom) and its spectrum displayed in an OSA (top). 2.1.3 Computer Cluster for Photonic Devices Devices Modeling (P (Prof. Hernandez-Figueroa) To alleviate the demand of our researchers for computer resources capable to simulate large numerical photonic problems, in 2006 CePOF acquired a dedicated cluster made of fifteen motherboards (each one with two processors AMD Opte Opteron ron 246, 1MB cache L2, 800MHz and 4 GB of RAM) in a rack tower interconnected through a gigabit switch (3COM 2824) and monitored by a workstation. Figure 2.3.. Left: CePOF´s cluster for modeling photonic devices. Right: Example of modeling in which the field intensity of a Frozen Wave (FW) was obtained by considering a superposition of 30 Bessel beams. 2.1.4 Fiber Fabrication Facility (Prof. Barbosa) This facility allows allows for fabrication of glasses and conventional and structured (photonic crystal) fibers (silica, special glasses, and polymers). It also has modern instruments for and optical and thermal characterizations. Drawing towers towers:: Heatway (4.5 m tall, 1200 ºC induction nduction heater) ( Figure 2.4); Pirelli (4.5 m tall, 2200 ºC graphite heater); Small tower (1 m tall, 500 ºC, for plastic optical fibers). Furnaces: Inductive ductive furnace (3000 ºC); 2 Linderberg resistive furnaces (1000 ºC). Optical Measurements:: Optical Spectrum Analyzer (OSA), M M-line line Waveguide Page 18 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Analyzer (prism-coupling (prism coupling method; characterization of mode index, index profile, and scattering loss at 632, 1310 and and 1550 nm), Fiber Spectral Attenuation Analyzer (cut (cut-back back method, 600-1750 600 1750 nm), Fiber Chromatic Dispersion Analyzer (also measures cladding diameter and proof test). Thermoanalytical Instruments Instruments: Thermo-Gravimetric Gravimetric Analyzer (TGA), Thermo-Mechanical Thermo Analyzer er (TMA), Differential Thermal Analyzer (DTA), and 2 5.5 Molten Glass Viscometer (up to 1600 ºC, 10 -10 poise range, platinum/rhodium spindle). We also have a Laser Ablation Laboratory for the fabrication of multilayered quantum dot structures equipped with a Quantel Nd:YAG ns pulse laser system with up to third harmonic generation and a high vacuum chamber. chamber a) b) c) d) e) f) Figure 2.4.. Fiber Fabrication Facility and examples of fiber produced in this laboratory: a) Prof. Barbosa and Heathway 4 m fiber drawing tower; b) soft glass PCF; c) silica large core structured fiber;; d) silica PCF; e) Erbium doped Tellurite PCF; f) Fiber Spectral Attenuation Analyzer. 2.1.5 Semiconductor Nano-Fabrication Nano Fabrication Facilities (Prof. Newton Frateschi) Device Research Laboratory: The Laboratorio de Pesquisa de Dispositivivos (LPD), located at the Applied Applied Physics Department, “Gleb Wataghin” Physics Institute (IFGW), is a complete facility for epitaxial growth, synthesis of new materials, design, fabrication and characterization of materials and devices. LPD has extended experience in optoelectronic devices ces using III-V III V compounds such as GaAs/AlGaAs, InGaAsP/InP, GaAs/GaAlSb, InSb, as well as micro-cavities micro and nano-structures. structures. The laboratory has a Chemical Beam Epitaxial (CBE) system, characterization equipments such as Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy, Atomic Atomic Force Microscopy, Photoluminescence, Hall and doping profile systems, plus a complete clean room facility with lithography, etching, dielectric film deposition and metallization systems. Page 19 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas (b) (a) (c) Figure 2.5.. (a) CBE System; (b) Lithography system; (c) Microprobe stage. Center for Semiconductor Components: The Centro de Componentes Semicondutores (CCS) is a large multi-disciplinary disciplinary center at UNICAMP,, with facilities for 2 2 micro and d nano fabrication. In a 700 m area with 150 m clean room several equipments such as photolithography systems, íon implanters, oxidation furnaces, Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) Systems, Metallization Systems, Plasma Etching Systems are installed. In addition, dition, a complete set of characterization systems, such as Infra Infra-red red spectroscopy and complete electrical characterization systems. CCS includes a new laboratory for the integration of micro and nanotechnology (LAMNI) that has a dual focused ion/electron beam system (FIB) funded by FAPESP, plus a micro-Raman/atomic Raman/atomic force microscopy system that are dedicated to technologies such as carbon nanotubes, microcavity and photonic bandgap devices. (a) (b) (c c) (d) Figure 2..6.. (a) FIB; (b) CVD system; (c) Rapid thermal Processing; (d) IR spectroscopy. 2.1.6 SOA Laboratory (Prof. Conforti) The laboratory has microwave-photonics microwave photonics facilities for optical and electrical (OE) time and frequency characterization characterization of devices and subsystems, reaching 20 ps and 40 GHz. Optical field tests can be achieved using the KyaTera Network and an external automated site is available for open air propagation studies. Main equipments are: OE digital communication analyzer (40 GHz, 20 ps); signal generators (up to 40 GHz); pulse generators (up to 7 Page 20 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Gbps); optical spectrum analyzer; microwave spectrum analyzer (26 GHZ); network analyzer (40 GHz) with optical capabilities (6GHz); tunable lasers (1300 and 1500 nm); OE modulators, drivers, d OE amplifiers and OE filters. 2.1.7 Optical metrology facility (Prof. Caldas Cruz) The laboratory has two cw lasers at 532 nm (5 W, 10 W), one argon laser (20 W), two single-frequency frequency and tunable dye lasers, two homemade femtosecond Ti:sapphire lasers (one ne of them as an optical frequency comb), two homemade cw single single-frequency frequency Ti:sapphire lasers, three CO2 lasers, two TeraHertz (far-infrared) infrared) lasers, and several homemade external cavity diode lasers. Characterization instruments include one optical spectr spectrum um analyzer (600-1700 (600 1700 nm), one optical spectrometer (500 (500-1200 1200 nm), one RF spectrum analyzer (26 GHz), one network analyzer (100 kHz), fast photodetectors (2 GHz, 7 GHz), two wavemeters, OE modulators, AO modulators, drivers, a magneto magneto-optical optical trap for calcium. ium. In this last three years, the main achievements have been related to optical frequency comb technology. We have developed high repetition rate (1 (1-2 2 GHz) broadband Ti:sapphire femtosecond lasers, which are the basis of these combs. We have studied spectral tral phase manipulation to perform spectroscopy and coherent control, and also the amplification of those combs in semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs). 2.2 Nonlinear Optics (NLO) The main bottlenecks for the advance of optical communications are (1) the llack ack of fast and efficient switches for signal routing in the optical domain, and (2) the lack of optical amplifiers with enough bandwidth to cover the transmission capacity of single mode optical fibers (60 THz in the high transparency window of silica). T To o overcome these limitations, compact, low cost, and low power consumption optical signal processing devices will be necessary to amplify, detect, modulate, or convert one WDM channel into another. Fiber or Waveguide Optical Parametric Devices (FOPD or WO WOPD) PD) are among the most promising devices to overcome those limitations. FOPDs can perform certain networking operations that are not possible with other known technologies. For example, an FOPD can operate as a Wavelength Exchanger, a device that swaps the optical carriers of two WDM channels without ADD and DROP operations. An FOPD can operate also as a wavelength converter with gain, as a light controlled tunable narrow filter, as a phase conjugator for phase distortion compensation, as an all-optical all optical 2R (regeneration and reshaping). The most studied is the Fiber Optical Parametric Amplifier (FOPA), which is the closest to an ideal amplifier. In other amplification technologies, such as rare earth doped fibers, Raman, or semiconductor optical amplifiers, the the spectral region of operation, bandwidth, and gain ripple are determined by the position of quantum energy levels or the width of spectral lines of materials. In an OPA, these characteristics depend only on the chromatic dispersion, a property that we can can engineer with waveguide design, especially in PCFs and channel waveguides. In this research line, we shall investigate nonlinear optical devices, such as ultra-broadband parametric amplifiers and wavelength router devices, multilevel optical signal generators, s, and optical frequency comb generators that may lead to significant advances in transmission and networking capacities. Some of the proposed devices will be implemented using special highly nonlinear fibers (HNLF) or photonic crystal fibers (PCF) (PCF), but our long-term vision is to implement them in ultra compact waveguide devices. Besides compactness, waveguide devices allow for integration with other optical devices in photonic chips Page 21 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas compatible with mass production, thus addressing the future proble problems ms of power consumption, size, and cost of telecom/datacom equipment. This research line integrates several competences and facilities. Groups in nonlinear fiber optics from UNICAMP (Fragnito and Caldas Cruz) Cruz), PUCC (Abbade),, and Mackenzie (De Souza) will be interacting closely with the groups working with optical fibers (Barbosa and Cordeiro) semiconductor devices (Frateschi), modeling (Figueroa) Figueroa) and fiber Bragg gratings used for our cavity FOPAs (Kalinowski). It also integrates international collaborations from Univ. of Bath (Jonathan Knight), Max Planck Institute at Erlangen Erlangen-Nuremberg (Philip Russell), Univ. of Whales (Michel Marhic), Corning Inc. (Scott Bickham), Sumitomo Electric Industries Ltd. (Masaaki Hirano), Hirano), Cornell Univ. (Alex Gaeta and Michal Lipson). FAPESP and Padtec co-fund this research line line. We report below our main achievements for the last period period. 2.2.1 Field trials in KyaTera dark fiber network We used KyaTera dark fiber network to evaluate several optical devices, such us wavelength converters, silicon chips, and an ultra-long ultra long fiber laser cavity. We also used the KyaTera network for demonstrations of future uses of the Internet. In this last we participated in the first tri-continental tri transmission of 4K cinema (4 times the definition of High Definition Video), where a 4K movie was transmitted in realreal-time time from Sao Paulo to San Diego and Tokyo. This is further commented in the appendix of this report. We performed field trials of fiber-optic optic wavelength wavelength converters as part of a joint work between UNICAMP (Prof. Fragnito) and PUCC (Prof. Abbade), see Ref [1] below, and a field trial of silicon nano nano-photonic photonic devices, in collaboration between UNICAMP (Profs. Fragnito and Figueroa) and Cornell University (Profs. ( Lipson and Gaeta), see Ref. [2]] below below. [1] M.L.F. Abbade, J.D. Marconi, R.L. Cassiolat, V. Ishizuca, I.E.Fonseca, and H.L. Fragnito, “Field “Field-Trial Trial Evaluation of Cross-Layer Layer Effect Caused by All-Optical All Optical Wavelength Converters on IP Network Application Applications”, IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology, Technology vol. 27, n. 12, pp, 1816-1826, 1826, June (2009). [2] J.D. Marconi, Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., J.T. Robinson, N. Sherwood Sherwood-Droz, Y. Okawachi, H.E. Hernandez-Figueroa, M. Lipson, A.L. Gaeta, and H.L. Fragnito, “Performance investigation of microphotonic microphotonic-silicon silicon devices in a field-trial all-optical optical network,” Optics Communications,, vol. 282, n. 5, pp. 849 849-855, March (2009). 2.2.2 Optimizing fiber profiles for optical amplifiers Profs. Fragnito’s and Figueroa’s groups investigated conventional (cylindrical symmetry) fiber profiles that optimize fiber-optic optic parametric devices (FOPDs). A double double-pumped fiber-optical optical parametric amplifier (2P-FOPA) FOPA) was chosen, since, as established in our previous works, this device is extremely (4) sensitive to the forth th-order dispersion parameter (β ) and to the longitudinal fluctuations of this parameter. We showed that a simple W-index-profile, W profile, could provide a flat gain of about 20 dB over 200 nm bandwidth pumped with 3.5 W lasers in 50 m long fiber and, more importantly, should be robust against longitudinal fluctuations of ±1% in the core core diameters. We also showed that, for optimized fibers, the sixth order dispersion parameter becomes important. This is usually hindered by the fluctuations in β (4) in typical fibers. See Ref. [3] below. [3] L.H. Gabrielli, H.E. Hernández-Figueroa, Hernández Figueroa, and Hugo L. Fragnito, “Robustness optimization of fiber index profiles for optical parametric amplifiers,” IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology Technology, vol. 27, n 24, pp. 5571-5579, December (2009). 2.2.3 Frequency comb generation using cascaded FWM in fibers The groups lead by Profs. Fragnito and Flavio Cruz, studied the frequency translation (by second harmonic generation in a crystal) of the whole frequency comb generated in Page 22 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas fibers pumped by two or three lasers. The 2 nd harmonic comb has more frequencies than in the fundamental (since, for instance, ω1 and ω2 in the fundamental comb produce waves at 2ω1, 2ω2, and ω1 + ω2). See Ref. [4] below and Figure 2.7. [4] F.C. Cruz , J.D. Marconi, Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr, and H.L. H.L. Fragnito “Broadband second harmonic generation of an optical frequency comb produced by four-wave four wave mixing in highly nonlinear fibers,” Optics Communications,, vol. 283, n. 7, pp. 1459--1462, February (2009). Figure 2.7.. Fundamental (red) and second harmonic (blue) spectrum of an optical frequency comb produced in a highly nonlinear fiber. Second harmonic was done in single pass using conventional phase matching in a 2 mm ling BIBO crystal. 2.2.4 Optical fibers and advanced adva materials Prof. Barbosa’s group in collaboration with the groups of Profs. Fragnito, Figueroa, Cordeiro and Bordonalli, fabricated photonic crystal fibers (PCF) with semiconductor quantum dots impregnated in fiber structures. We obtained lead sulfide (PbS) QD-doped doped PCFs with luminescence spectra that are broad and centered at telecom wavelengths. The luminescence of these QDs (obtained by using a 450 mW Ti: Sapphire pump laser at 785 nm) indicate potentials for broadband light sources, saturabl saturable e absorbers, or optical amplifiers in the telecommunications windows. A journal paper was published based on these results. See Ref. [5 5] and Figure 2.8. [5] E.F. Chillcce, R.E. Ramos-Gonzales, Ramos Gonzales, C.M.B. Cordeiro, L. Gutierrez Gutierrez-Rivera, Rivera, H. L. Fragnito, C. H. de Brito Cruz, A.C. Bordonalli, H. E. Hernández-Figueroa, Hernández Figueroa, R. L. Braga and L. C. Barbosa, “Luminescence of PbS quantum dots spread on the core surface of a silica microstructured optical fiber”, to appear in Journal of Non-Crystalline Non Solids. (available onlinee since 04 June 2010). Page 23 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Figure 2.8. 2 Left: Cross section images of dual-core core MOF (core diam. = 2.5 µm). Right: luminescence spectra of PbS QDs spread on the core surfaces acquired at different times. 2.2.5 All-optical optical nonlinear switching cell made of photonic crystal Prof. Sombra’s group from UFC analyzed and theoretically proposed a directional optical coupler embedded in a nonlinear photonic crystal structure, and driven by a low power external command signal. See Ref. [6] below. [6] A. Wirth. L. Jr , M.G. da Silva, A.C. Ferreira, and A.S.B. Sombra, “All “All-optical optical nonlinear switching cell made of photonic crystal,” Journal of The Optical Society of América A, A, vol. 26, n.7, pp. 1661 1661-1667 (2009). 2.2.6 Other results Prof. Barbosa’s group demonstrated special PCFs for supercontinuum and intense blue light generation, and 3.5 µm diameter fiber tapers for coupling standard fibers to small small-core core highly nonlinear fibers and waveguides. Prof. Hickmann’s group from UFAL characterized, acterized, investigated the nonlinear optical properties of metallic nanoparticles, and investigated slow slow-fast light propagation. Prof. Sombra’s group from UFC performed several theoretical/numerical studies on modulation instability in delayed saturable nonlinear media, and optical bullets in waveguides with cubic-quintic cubic nonlinearity. Prof. de Souza’s group from UPM demonstrated a mode mode-locked locked laser (42 ps pulses at 2.5 GHz rate) in an ultra-long ultra fiber cavity (48 km) using ou our KyaTera network in Sao Paulo.. This group also demonstrated a passively mode-locked locked Erbium doped fiber (EDF) laser using a film of carbon nanotubes as saturable absorber, and a mutifunctional EDF laser incorporating intra-cavity intra cavity arrayed waveguide grating DWDM multiplexer to operate th the laserr at multiple wavelengths. 2.3 Semiconductor Nanophotonics (SNF) TELECOM commercially available active devices are based mainly on narrow linewidth DFB lasers, optical modulators, both electro electro-absorption absorption and Mac Mach-Zehnder,, and fast low Page 24 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas noise detectors, such such as avalanche photo detectors. This technology is built on InGaAsP alloys grown on InP. Great effort towards the hybrid integration of these devices and passive components, such as filters, micro-lenses, micro lenses, and isolators has been observed recently. The goal goal is to reduce power consumption and volume while increasing reliability, all at low cost. In these systems, semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA) can be used under high saturation to assure reliability and to compensate optical losses with cheaper components. ents. High optical power, uncooled sub-systems sub systems for WDM 10 Gb/s /s transmission with less than 1 dB dispersion penalty in 1600 ps/nm d dispersion ispersion has been demonstrated. Monolithic integration of DFB lasers and electro electro-absorption absorption modulators already allows further miniaturization, however, with reduced power. In the receiver side, active dispersion compensation and pre-amplification pre are indispensable. spensable. These challenges extend more to the development of active filters, photonic processing, miniaturized tunable lasers, integration between drivers and modulators, WDM sources, wavelength lockers, etc. The main objective is to combine monolithic integration integration within InP technology, where generation, modulation, and detection of optical signals occur, with hybrid integration with passive and active micro micro-components for all the conditioning, coupling, distribution, processing and control of these signals s in highly compact low power systems. Within the monolithic integration, it is already old the search for electronic and optoelectronic in InP and, yet more challenging, the integration between InP and Si CMOS technology. Finally, microwave transmission llines ines must be coupled to modulator optical wave-guides wave guides to allow high bit rate modulation and high extinction rate and pulse pre-chirping. pre chirping. This is the context where the FOTONICOM institute is inserted. The goal is to create a technological platform, which al allows lows the institute to address most of these issues, leveraging us towards the new generation of optoelectronic devices for telecom/datacom. However, it is not simple to define a platform with some basic elements that promote advances in this area. Nevertheless, Nevertheless, three essential goals have to be addressed: (a) to enable efficient optical signal generation and photonic processing plus to create elements for low loss coupling between fibers and planar structures; (b) To enable signal routing and processing including including the coexistence of microwave and light; (c) to search for electronic/optoelectronic integration within InP technology or between Si and InP. Follow below our main achievements in the last period. 2.3.1 Stadium microcavity lasers Prof. Frateschi’s group from UNICAMP fabricated and investigated InGaAs/GaAs/InGaP stadium microcavity lasers that show enhanced side side-mode suppression, see Ref. [7] and Figure 2.9 below. below [7] S.N.M. Mestanza, A.A.G. Von Zuben, and N.C. Frateschi, “Enhanced side side-mode suppression in chaotic stadium microcavity lasers,” Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 105, pp. 063101 063101-063103 (2009). Page 25 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 3.E-11 (a) (b) 8mA Intensity (a.u.) 6mA 2.E-11 4mA 2mA 1.E-11 0.E+00 1300 1400 1500 1600 Wavelenght (nm) Figure 2.9 (a) Micrograph of a 20 µm radio disk resonator. (b) The spectrum of the device. 2.3.2 Other results Prof. Frateschi’s group studied fabrication techniques for wave wave-guides guides and resonators based on silicon nitride on silicon and active components based on III III-V V compounds. Such fabrication employs hybrid methods involving conventional micro micro-fabrication fabrication techniques and focused ion beam (FIB) nano-fabrication fabrication techniques. They also developed resonant structures based on amorphous SiO2 matrix with Si quantum dots and Er+ ions for the efficient emission in the C-band. C band. Besides the resonance, the dots recycle pumping photons through a secondary channel cha for Er+ excitation. On the other hand, Prof. Frateschi’s group has developed passivation techniques to reduce processing damage. In addition, micro-disk disk resonators and lasers were also obtained. Platinum nano-contacts nano contacts were developed by gallium ion assisted deposition by FIB. 2.4 Photonic Band Gap Structures (PBG) Periodically structured photonic materials may present new and exciting properties that do not exist in Nature such as negative refractive refractive index, forbidden frequencies for light propagation (PBG), electromagnetic field control, light confinement in dimensions much smaller than the light wavelength, etc. Such new properties generated a huge scientific interest as well as a large range range of possibilities of applications such as fabrication of devices much smaller than the wavelength, new types of antennas, faster and more efficient optical modulators and super prisms that allow multiplying the number of channels in WDM systems. These applications applications certainly will produce a strong impact in optical communications reducing the sizes of the devices and systems as well as increasing the communication velocity. The objective of this research line is to develop 1D, 2D and 3D periodic structures a and nd their applications in optical communications. The activities include design, fabrication, and characterization of the structures, as well as devices fabrication. The project can be divided in 4 branches: 1) 2D and 3D Photonic Structures 2) Microstrutured Fibers 3) Photorefractive 1D Structures 4) Structures for Slow and Fast Light Page 26 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Our main results for the last period follow below. 2.4.1 Fabrication of photonic optical fibers from soft glasses Prof. Barbosa’s group, from UNICAMP,, fabricated a hollow photonic crystal fiber based on tungsten–tellurite tungsten glass with an Er 3+ ion doped core, capable to be used in optical amplification. See Ref. [8] below. [8] E.F. Chillcce, E.R. Gonzales, O.L. Alves, C.L. Cesar, I.O. Mazali, and L.C. Barbosa, “Fabrication of photonic optical fibers from soft glasses,” J. Am. Ceramic Soc,, vol. 93, n. 2, pp. 456 456–460 (2010). 2.4.2 Comparative analysis of photoresists using soft X X-ray ray synchrotron radiation Prof. Cescato’s group from UNICAMP used the Brazilian Synchrotron Light Laboratory facilities lities to investigate thoroughly structural changes of two typical photoresists at molecular level, thus providing understanding on the fundamentals of the breakup process. See Ref. [9]] below. [9] L.A.V.Mendes, L.F. Avila, J.W. Menezes, C.R.R. Pinho, L. Cescato, and M.L. Rocco, “Photoresists comparative analysis using soft X-ray ray synchrotron radiation and time-of-flight time flight mass spectrometry,” European Polymer Journal,, vol. 45, pp. 3347-3354 3347 (2009). 2.4.3 Photonic crystal fibers with integrated electrodes Profs. Cordeiro and de Matos, from UNICAMP and UPM, respectively, proposed and fabricated a holey microstructured optical fiber was with two electrodes along the fiber. Efficient polarization control was demonstrated, thus opening new possibilities for low low-loss loss and cost effective m odulators. See Ref. [10] below and Figure 2.10. [10] G. Chesini, C.M.B Cordeiro, C.J.S de Matos, M. Fokine, I.C.S. Carvalho, and J.C. Knight, “All “All-fiber fiber devices based on photonic crystal fibers with integrated electrodes,” OSA / Optics Express, vol. 17, pp. 1660-1665 1665 (2009). Page 27 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Figure 2.10. A Photonic crystal fiber with electrodes embedded in its structure was studied for the development of modulators. 2.4.4 Review article on photonic crystal fibers An important achievement to be pointed out was an invited review paper on “Recent progress and novel applications of photonic crystal fibers,” by Prof. Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr., from UNICAMP, UNICAMP, published in Reports on Progress in Physics, January 2010. See e Ref. [11] below. [11] Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr, “Recent progress and novel applications of photonic crystal fibers,” Report on Progress in. Physics,, vol 73, 024401 (21pp), (2010). 2.4.5 Other results Prof. Cescato’s group and Prof. Hickman’s group (UFAL), developed techniques that permit higher control in the recording of periodic structures for photonic and plasmonic applications. They also developed molding processes (soft lithography) in polymeric materials, and characterized plasmonic properties of periodic arrays of holes in gold films suitable to be used as sensors. See Figures 2.11-2.13 2.13. Prof. de Matos’ group designed and simulated a photonic crystal fiber with a cutoff frequency for the fundamental mode for applications such as long long-pass filters for telecommunications. Prof. Cordeiro’s group and Prof. Franco’s group (IEAv (IEAv-ITA), ITA), have carried out further studies of photonic crystal fibers with integrated electrodes: their operation and sensitivity were optimized by numerical simulation and experiments. Prof. Cordeiro’s and Prof. de Matos’s groups identified higher-order order photonic bandgaps in photonic crystal fibers of hollow core. Prof. Cordeiro’s group proposed, developed and characterized highly birefringent optical fiber based on the compression of the regular hexagonal structure of microstructured fibers. Prof. Kalinowski’s group from UTFPR has studied measurement techniques for characterizing dispersion dispersion in Bragg grating optical fibers, as well as, control techniques for the fabrication of written waveguides using femtosecond pulses and focal scanning. Page 28 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas (a) (b) Figure 2.11. Photographs of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) cross section of photoresist templates used for recording arrangements of slits (a) and holes (b) respectively. The "inset" shows correspond to the top views of the samples. (a) (b) Figure 2.12. (a) Top view SEM photographs of plasmonic structures recorded in gold film. array of slits and (b) array of holes. In both cases the period of the arrays are 700 nm. Figure 2.13. Transmission spectra pectra of light through arrays of holes in gold films with thickness of 100 nm and 700 nm period, obtained with the array of holes immersed in three different media: air, isopropyl alcohol and toluene. Page 29 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 2.5 Modeling (MOD) Modern optical communication systems demand the dense integration of photonic circuits; this brings as a consequence the miniaturization and sophistication of the involved devices. This in turn implies in the need of robust and efficient computational meth methods ods capable to simulate such complex structures taking the maximum advantage of the available computational resources. This research line will serve as support to the experimental research groups, promoting a dynamic synergy among them. Objectives - To develop a state-of-the-art state art computational platform capable to analyze and design advanced complex structures for modern optical communication systems. - To contribute with the design of key photonic structures to the vigorous development of optical communications. - To train highly qualified human resources in the Field of computational modeling of photonic structures. - To make this computational platform available in the Internet to the photonic community and to train highly qualified users. Goals - To develop robust and efficient 3D hybrid finite elements/method of moments codes in the frequency and time domains. - To develop advanced bioinspired optimization algorithms applied to the design of photonic structures. - To develop a parallel computational environment to analyze large photonic structures. - To design efficient matching structures between micro and nanometric structures. - To develop algorithms capable to analyze in an automatic way microstructured phot photonic devices. - To develop algorithms capable to compute efficiently the influence of temperature in the propagation characteristics of photonic devices. Our mail results for the last period are briefly described below. 2.5.1 Modeling of cylindrically symmetric photonic devices Prof. Figueroa’s group, Prof. Esquerres’ group (UFBA) in collaboration with Prof. Rubio Mercedes from Universidade Federal do Matogrosso do Sul (UEMS), developed a highly efficient finite element method for the design and analysis of ar arbitrary bitrary cylindrically symmetric photonic structures was presented. Using such technique a compact plasmonic sub sub-wavelength lens based on cylindrical metallic waveguides operating in the visible frequency range was numerically demonstrated. See Ref. [12]] and Figura 2.14. [12] C.E. Rubio-Mercedes, Mercedes, V.F. Rodriguez-Esquerre, Rodriguez Esquerre, A.M.F. Frasson, and H.E. Hernandez Hernandez-Figueroa, Figueroa, “Novel FEM Approach for the Analysis of Cylindrically Symmetric Photonic Devices,” IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology,, vol. 27, n. 21, pp. 4717-4721, November (2009). Page 30 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas (a) (b) Figure 2.14.. (a) Schematic of the longitudinal section of a cylindrical lens consisting of a nano nanoslit array with different nanocapacitors and nanoinductors films using dielectric and plasmonic structures. (b) Computed electric field Intensity. The focus is formed at z = 1.67 µm or 2.57 λ, and has a full-width width at half-maximum half maximum (FWHM) of 320 nm or λλ/2. 2.5.2 Modeling of optical parametric amplifiers based on fibers and waveguides Prof. Figueroa’s Figueroa’s and Prof. Fragnito’s groups proposed through numerical simulations, optical fibers with W index profile for broadband double pumped parametric amplifiers for the first time, as described above in the ONL summary, see Ref. [2] given in sub-section 2.2.2.. Following this research line more general fiber types such as PCFs and integrated waveguides have been carried out and the results will soon be submitted for publication. 2.5.3 Exact localized wave solutions totally free of backward components Prof. Zamboni Rached (UNICAMP), ), developed a general analytical method capable to furnish localized wave pulses with finite energy, in exact form and totally free of backward components, which have been a chronic problem for such wave solutions. Such practical solutions may find application in advanced free space optical communication systems. See Ref. [13]] below. below [13] M. Zamboni-Rached, Rached, “Unidirectional decomposition method for obtaining exact localized waves”, Physical Review A, vol. 79, pp. 013816 (2009). 2.5.4 Other results Prof. Franco’s group (IEAv-ITA) (IEAv ITA) has developed techniques to model multiphysics problems applied to the development of microstructured optical fiber devices with insertion of metal electrodes. In addition they have designed dual-concentric dual concentric-core microstructured ostructured optical fiber Page 31 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas with liquid crystal selectively inserted into the holes of the microstructure, applied to dispersion compensation and tuning of the dispersion peak with temperature variation. Prof. Franco’s group also proposed a new design of mic microstructured rostructured optical fiber for residual chromatic dispersion compensation purpose. Prof. Esquerre’s group has proposed novel and simple optical fiber geometries which exhibit very flat and very negative chromatic dispersion. These fibers can be used for th the e chromatic dispersion compensation of several channels simultaneously in WDM systems. In addition, they have designed athermal waveguides composed by SiO2 and Si by introducing materials with negative thermooptic coefficient. Polymers show to be a good ca candidate ndidate for this purpose. TE and TM effective refractive indexes of this waveguide remain constant from 20 to 50 celsius degrees. Prof. Esquerre’s group also analyzed the influence of temperature in optical fibers and optical fiber based devices. Prof. Dmitriev’s triev’s group from UFPA carried out a thorough theoretical synthesis and characterization of a PhC-based PhC four-port port circulator. This work is still in its initial stage because the ferrite parameters used in simulations correspond to microwave region. These parameters need to be adjusted to more realistic optical values. 2.6 Systems (SYS) The outcome of a large multiplication factor in the optical fiber home accesses and the huge growth of the Internet traffic lead to three new optical research frontiers that are object of this work. The fist aspires to improve the fiber spectral efficiency using Optical Coherent Techniques of modulation/demodulation in order to achieve many bit/s for every Hz of optical fiber bandwidth instead of the 0.2 to 0.4 bit/s per Hz avail available able today. The second will use the digital signal processing techniques to achieve greater tolerance for the fiber mitigating effects, such us the non-linear non linear effect, the signal dispersion, and the polarization modal dispersion (PMD). The third will be related related with the important branch of the new optical networks with Optical Switching/Routing Techniques using semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOA). The research team members are Prof. Conforti, Prof. João Marcos Travassos Romano, Ass. Prof. Aldário C. Bordonalli, Bordonalli, Ass. Prof. Cristiano M. Gallep, Dr. Ricardo Suyama and twelve FEEC students. In addition, the team has the collaboration of Prof. Sombra (UFCE), whose contribution is the study of interferences and optical nonlinearities in OPPM OPPM-CDMA CDMA (see section 3.5), and the cooperation of Prof. Abbade (PUC Campinas) in the multi level modulation formats. We also have a joint research with Prof. Fragnito in the field tests of the KyaTera optical fiber test bed, 100 Gb/s systems, and non non-linear models. 2.6.1 High Speed Electro-optical Switching Prof. Conforti’s group from UNICAMP demonstrated subnanosecond electrooptical switching times with 26 dB extinction ratio by using semiconductor optical amplifiers driven by a multipulse injection current. The trade-off off between o overshoot vershoot and gain fluctuations were also analyzed. See Ref. [14]. [14] N. S. Ribeiro, A. L. Toazza, C. M. Gallep, and E. Conforti, “Rise Time and Gain Fluctuations of an Electrooptical Amplified Switch Based on Multipulse Injection in Semiconductor Optica Optical Amplifiers,” IEEE Photonics Technology Letters, Letters vol. 21, n. 12, pp. 769-771 (2009). Page 32 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 2.6.2 Other ther results The he block diagram plus the equipments, devices, and electro electro-optical optical wiring of a 106 Gb/s (32 channels at 3.3 Gb/s) DQPSK optical coherent system, with error detection and coding capabilities have been designed by Prof. Conforti’s group group.. However, the grant necessary for the practical implementation is waiting for the final approval of the company PADTEC. Meanwhile, a cooperative effort with the Eidenhoven hoven University of Technology has lead to the development of a 20 Gb/s polarization independent dual wavelength converter based on four wave mixing using a single semiconductor optical amplifier (presented at OFC2010). In addition, an optical coherent technique technique has been developed for the microwave fast pulse generation modulated at 40 GHz. A free space generation and detection of these pulses with 30 ps rise time has also been obtained (to be published). Prof. Conforti’s group and Prof. Romano’s group (UNICAMP (UNICAMP)) have developed an alternative mitigating dispersion algorithm to compensate for polarization optical dependent loss in DWDM systems with promising results for low bit error rates. 2.7 Optical Networks Network (NET) Driven by the growth of user population and new ba bandwidth-hungry hungry applications, as well as the dissemination of wideband access systems, the traffic generated by the Internet keeps growing. Given the high cost of the infrastructure expansion and the prospect of short short-term saturation within the current technological technological framework, it is compelling to search for technological solutions that permit more efficient use of the installed fiber capacity, so that investment in the deployment of new fiber may be put off. The advent of wavelength division multiplexing (WD (WDM) M) allowed transmissions at high data rate, facilitating the deployment of high demanding application on the Internet. Actually, developments of optical network architecture followed those of optical communications systems. Network architectures and their mechanisms still need to be created to leverage the benefits of the great amount of bandwidth available in WDM networks. Such developments have opened new avenues for resource provisioning. Efforts have been concentrated on different mechanisms that when operated jointly can provide automatic operation, such as traffic grooming, routing and wavelength allocation (RWA). These mechanisms need to account for the physical impairments in all all-optical optical networks. Being able to guarantee Quality of Service (QoS) to network applications is intimately related to the Quality of Transmission of an optical communications system. At least two great challenges must be met so that enhanced levels of efficiency may be reached: the mitigation of optical layer effects on the ssignal ignal transmission, and the efficient management of optical path provisioning. This research project aims at developing mechanisms for efficient and reliable resource provisioning in optical networks. Moreover, it aims at the creation of an optical network networking ing research and development platform at UFABC. The first phase will be aimed at the digital transmission engineering in the dynamic environment of the optical Internet, looking for solutions for efficient control and smart, agile management of its connect connections. ions. For this purpose, a long-range long link between UNICAMP and UFABC campi will be implemented for use as a testbed. System studies, based on analytical and computational methods, will be conducted concurrently. The combination of such methodologies and fac facilities ilities in an academic research environment will generate new knowledge and, under interaction with the productive sector, innovation and competitiveness. Page 33 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Moreover, one of the objective is to explore the effects of non non-linearity linearity of the index of refraction and scattering among others in the performance of coded signals in optical digital overlay of PPM continuous (OPPM) and OCDMA optical encoding, decoding and spread in the network using bipolar codes (Gold codes) . The effects of interference from multiple users (MAI) in these components are also of interest. The following specific objectives will be pursued: - Inter-domain domain routing algorithms for networks with physical impairments; - Algorithms for routing and wavelength assignment for intra intra-domain with low computational utational complexity for real time processing and which accounts for the physical impairments of optical transmission systems; - Development of a testbed for evaluating algorithms and mechanisms proposed; - Evaluate the use of OPPM-OCDMA OPPM OCDMA coding in optical comp components operating in a non-linear linear system. The aim is to study fiber Bragg gratings operating with a coding phase, will be operating with bipolar Gold codes. Our achievements for the last period are listed below. 2.7.1 Feedforward carrier recovery for polarization demultiplexed signals Prof. Waldman’s group from UFABC investigated feedforward carrier recovery in coherent polarization diversity receivers. A mechanism for estimating the carrier phase noise was proposed and used to compare the performances of system architecture alternative alternatives, s, including QPSK, regarding their robustness against polarization dependent loss impairments. See Ref. [15] below. [15] F.A.C. Garcia, D.A.A. Mello, and H. Waldman, “Feedforward carrier recovery for polarization demultiplexed Signals with unequal signal to noise ratios”, OSA / Optics Express,, vol. 17, pp. 7958 7958-7969 (2009). 2.7.2 Fairness algorithms for dynamic traffic grooming in WDM mesh networks Prof. Fonseca’s group from UNICAMP developed a novel algorithm for achieving fairness in relation to the blocking of calls that uses alternative routing (rather than shortest shortest-path path routing) as well as auxiliary graphs based on the virtual topology. The degree of fairness so obtained represents represents a good deal of improvement over those obtained by using previously proposed algorithms. See Ref. [16] below. [16] A.C. Drumond and N.L.S. da Fonseca, “Fairness in zone-based zone based algorithms for dynamic traffic grooming in WDM mesh networks,” IEEE/OSA Journal nal of Optical Communications and Networking, vol.2, pp. 305-318 318 (2010). 2.7.3 Other results Profs. Fonseca’s and Waldman’s groups have worked on the design and performance evaluation of: EPONS (Ethernet Passive Optical networks) protocols; multipath routing algorithms orithms for bandwidth demanding applications in high capacity networks; efficient and fair traffic aggregation mechanism in WDM networks; physical physical-impairment impairment aware routing and wavelength assignment algorithms; and batch scheduling mechanisms for optical bu burst rst switching networks. In addition, a 190-km 190 km optical link was established between UFABC and UNICAMP to study impairment-aware aware routing and wavelength assignment (IA (IA-RWA) RWA) algorithms. Prof. Sombra’s group has developed optical cryptography techniques to broadband networks, and also studied the performance of an all all-optical optical gate based on a symmetric nonlinear directional coupler (NLDC) operating with two ultrashort fundamental soliton Page 34 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas pulses lses of 2ps, modulated by PAM-ASK PAM ASK with binary amplitude modulation to represent the logical level 1 and 0. Page 35 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 3 Human Resources Formation Many industries in the optical communication sectors are growing at a fast pace in Brazil, and the lack of available qualified qualified personnel is the major obstacle for further growth in the next 3--5 5 years. This is also a global problem. According to the US Bureau of Labor 3 Statistics , network systems and data communications analysts are projected to have the most striking level of employment growth between 2006 and 2016 among all the occupations in the US, representing a 53.4% gain (or 140,000 new positions) in employment in this specialty during the ten-year period. 4 According to various CEOs interviewed, there is consensus that highly qualified professionals represent the most important piece of the supply chain for the optical communication industry and companies of technological base in general. Although there are groups of excellence in Brazil, they do not generate enough pro professionals fessionals to cope with the industry’s demand. Our Institute is putting a lot of efforts to improve this picture. Along the period of this Annual Activity Report, we have graduated fourteen (14) M Sc and ten (10) Ph D students. In addition, fourteen (14) undergraduate students have completed their one-year one year research initiation projects, and three (3) post post-doctors doctors completed their research activities. Presently, we have ha forty-eight eight (48), fifty-six (56) M. Sc and forty-two two (42) Ph D students engaged in FOTONICOM’s research earch activities. 3 Occupational employment projections to 2016, 2016, published in the Monthly Labor Review, Buerau of Labor Statistics, November 2007. 2007 (Click here to see the Table e of Fastest Growing Occupations Occupations). 4 The required qualification is a Bachelor’s degree and the annual wage is in the ‘very high’ quartile ranking ($46,360 or more). Page 36 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 4 Technology Transfer According to our prospective studies, good opportunities are likely to arise in the next few years in the optical communications industrial sector; particularly for the deployment of FTTH (Fiber-To-The-Home) (Fiber Home) systems, upgrading backbones to 40 Gb/s, and exp expansions ansions of SAN (Storage Area Networks). We expect a good deal of demand from the industry for R&D projects and consultancies. In the case of Optical Communications, the Brazilian industry is growing at a fast pace, with companies such as Padtec and Datacom Telematica doubling their annual revenues in the last 4 years consecutively. Therefore, we believe that contracts with the national industry will surpass in value those with multinational industries (Corning, Ericsson, Prysmian,…) that were predominant in the past. At the same time, recently promulgated laws to foster innovation in the industry will gradually establish a new consensus within the national industry to invest more in R&D. This optimistic scenario of course would be more or less favorable depending depending mainly on the regulations and policies applied by our local government. With this in mind, we have continued to strengthen the three main activity lines already running in CePOF-UNICAMP: CePOF : Industrial R&D Partnerships, Incubation of Small Companies, and d Training. Particular emphasis have been be given to the participation of our groups together with companies, in joint projects co-funded co funded by Brazilian agencies specially created to support industrial R&D activities. Our projects with industries have ensured already R$ 8 million of extra funding for the next three years. Most of this funding comes from seven R&D contracts with Padtec-FAPESP Padtec Program in Optical Communications that were recently awarded to researchers from the Institute. For the negotiations of intellectual property, royalties, patent writing and depositing, UNICAMP has a sector called Inova, which provides efficient support to the researchers. Vigorous encouragement has also be given to our associated groups for the creation of spin-off off companies companies founded by entrepreneur professors or researchers, following the numerous examples of companies which spun-off spun off from UNICAMP.. This will give to the Institute dynamism and a more realistic connection with the market. In this first year of the center, four four patents have been filled out. Cooperation agreements between the center researchers and the company Padtec in Campinas, financed by Padtec and FAPESP, FAPESP, have been aproved or are under analysis. The center researchers have given talks to the general public in several events. A new spin spin-off off company has also been created. Two spin-off spin off companies from the center are active in Campinas. The younger one, created last year, is called R4F Tecnologia em Telecomunicações Ltda. The company is dedicated to the radio-over-fiber radio fiber technology. It is incubated at Campinas high technology development center (CIATEC), nearby UNICAMP campus. In the first year, the company developed projects with major mobile communication companies in Brazil, and with the National Institute of Space Space Research (INPE), in Sao Jose dos Campos (Sao Paulo). It also obtained a grant from FAPESP PIPE program, which is similar to the american SBIR program. The other spin-off spin off company, called BR Labs, is incubated also at CIATEC, in Campinas. It is working on the development of laser systems (solid state and diode). It also obtained a grant from the PIPE program from FAPESP (phase II). Page 37 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 5 Science Education and Dissemination Knowledge acquired through our R&D activities are meant to be transferred to society from our members by: 1. delivering classes and lectures to undergraduate and graduate students (specially Engineering and Physics) to offer general knowledge about the technologies researched in this proposal and; 2. delivering ing seminars, didactic material and us using ing the Internet to divulgate telecommunication and optical communication technologies to high high-school school students and the public. public Most of the programs within this section have been carried out in partnership with the Optical Society of America Student Chapter Chapte at UNICAMP (OSA SCU). By initiative of Prof. Fragnito and graduated students, the first student chapter of the Optical Society of America (OSA) in Latin America was founded at UNICAMP.. In the first year of existence, our Chapter was awarded by OSA as the Best Student Chapter of 2001. Along the years, student members developed leadership, teamwork, and communications skills that helped the them m in their professional careers. We can estimate a number of 500 fundamental and High School students reached by our E&D D programs. Our researchers have delivered invited talks and tutorials at several places and we estimate that another 500 undergraduates and graduate students were reached. We are implementing a visitors counter in our website, but we estimate about 1,500 visitors a month. In the Appendix ppendix we provide a complete list of our E&D activities. 5.1 Main E&D activities • Workshop on Microfabrication: Project and Design of CIs and MOS, hands hands-on on Workshop for engineers, physics, graduate, and undergraduate students offering the participants the knowledge of microfabrication and integration processes; in partnership with UNICAMP’s ’s Semiconductor Components Center (CCS). June 21st 21st- July 2nd. • Demonstration of music transmited by a laser and presentation of our educational activities by Eliane Valente for 85 newcomers at UNICAMP´s ´s Physics Institute, to encourage them to be part of CePOF, in partnership with the Institute´s Library, March 8 -19 (2010). • “Optical Converter of Frequency: concept and demonstration”, Video Production, demonstrates and present concepts of Optics and Optical Converters, PUC Campinas (2009); • “How does Optical Communication happen?”, Video Production, explains how optica opticall communications is done, the principles, devices etc, etc, in Edition Phase at UNICAMP. • “Science in Action” (www.ifi.UNICAMP.br/acaociencia ( .br/acaociencia), ), reaching about 250 children of all ages. In partnership with undergraduate undergraduate students from UNICAMP´s School of Electrical and Computer Engineering Engine and the Physics Institute. See Figure 5.1. Page 38 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Figure 5.1 A “Science in Action” instructor in action. • “International International Workshop on New Architectures for Future Internet Internet”, ”, for businessmen and graduate/undergraduate students. In partnership with CPqD, for 200 participants, Campinas CPqD, September 23-24 23 (2009). • KyaTera fiber optics plant on Google Maps:: now, the whole KyaTera Network is available as an overlay on top of the Google maps, September (2009). See Figure 5.2. Figure 5.2. Kyatera fiber optics plant on Google maps. • 4K Cinema: KyaTera Network was used to transmit the first 4K movie among three points in the world: Japan, US and Brazil. The first 4K – 4096x2160 pixels or 4 times the resolution of HDV - movie produced in Brazil was transmitted during the FILE 4K 2009 (Festival Internacional de Linguagem Eletrônica), a cultural event h held in Sao Paulo , August (2009). • Redesign of KyaTera´s websites: we developed the website using Joomla, an open open-source source Content Management System that will help us on publicating and administrating our web pages, December (2009). • OSA Physics Olympiad at UNICAMP Annual event that gathers about 100 high school students; increase of 60% related to 2008, in partnership with the Student Chapter of the Optical Society of America at UNICAMP (OSA UCS), October 31 & November 27 (2009). • VII Physics during Vacation and V Advanced School of Physics (VII Física nas Férias e V Escola Avançada de Física): annual event that brings brings together about 80 high school students in theoretical and experimental studies of Modern Physics, in partnership with the Student Chapter of the Optical Society of America at UNICAMP (OSA SCU) and the Physics Institute of UNICAMP,, July 20 -25 (2009) UNICAMP. See Figure 5.3. Page 39 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Figure 5.3. Call for registration at the VII Physics during Vacation and V Advanced School of Physics • “Holidays Holidays at the Museum”, ”, to children from 10 to 15 years old that stay two days experimenting science at UNICAMP´s ´s Exploratory Museum of Sciences. In partnership with Science Action project, January (2010); Figure 5.4. Children participating in the ““Holidays at the Museum”. • “Nanophotonics and Nanoelectronics”, Victor Dmitriev´s weekly Semminars, opened to all UFPA´s comunity for about 40 participants, March-December March December (2009). 5.2 Other E&D Activities • Prof. Dr.. Davi Correia, from Federal University of Campina Grande (UFCG), delivered a Seminar “Computational Electromagnetism: review, applications, and simulations in CUDA video-board”, board”, April 27 (2010). • Dr. Pablo Londero from Cornell University, delivered the Seminar “Nonlinear Optics at Low Photon Number Using Nanostructured Devices” que o ministrará nesta quarta quarta-feira, feira, dia 17/03 no Mackenzie. • Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr, Interview Article at Revista FAPESP, March (2010). • Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr, Interview Article at Agência FAPESP, February (2010). • Dr. Antonio C. Torrezan, from MIT Plasma Science and Fusion Center, delivered the Seminar “A A tunable continuous-wave continuous second-harmonic harmonic 330 GHz Gyrotron for enhanced nuclear magnetic resonance,” February (2010). • Jorge Diego Marconi, “Technical visits to Optical Communication Laboratory and nd Semiconductors Devices Center”, 2 FOTONICOM´s ´s Workshop (2009). • Seminar: "Trends in Optical Networks and the Role of Optical Amplifiers," delivered by Dr. Atul Srivastava OneTerabit Company (USA) for students and professors, November 19 (2009). • Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa, He Interview Article: “Residential Residential wireless phones and other electronics will ill undertake radiation tests,” tests,” UOL PORTAL. December 12 (2009). • Dr. Atul Srivastava, Seminar: "Trends in Optical Networks and the Role of Optical Amplifiers," delivered by OneTerabit Company (USA) for students and professors, 19 November 2009. • Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa, Hern Interview Article: “Software Software computes electromagnetic radiation emitted by cell phones,” phones UNICAMP’s ’s Journal, 3 pages, Year XXIV, No 446, November 2 2-8 8 (2009). • Newton Frateschi, Interview Article, “How “How avoiding Internet collapse collapse?,” October (2009). • Newton Frateschi was interviewed by TV Cultura: interview involving the photonics potential to overcome telecom bandwidth bottlenecks, September (2009). • Prof. Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa, Hernandez Figueroa, Interview Article: ““Students from UNICAMP´s ´s School of Engineering and Computation receive award in Hong Hong-Kong,” UNICAMP’s ’s Portal, May 18 (2009). Page 40 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 6 Synergism and International Cooperation It has been gratifying to witness a quite intensive interaction among FOTONICOM’s research groups, in spite of the significant cut (23%) that we suffered in our budget. Several groups have joined forces to meet common goals by combining researches’ expertises experti and by sharing facilities. Participations of researchers as seminar speakers and/or external examiners of qualifying examinations, and M. Sc. and Ph. D. theses, were a way to facilitate interaction among FOTONICOM’s ’s research groups. To stimulate synerg synergy y among the research groups, we organized two workshops in 2009 where all groups exposed their facilities, detailed their plans, and discussed possible collaborative research projects. As a result of these discussions, we organized hands-on on training course courses on using our facilities at UNICAMP (nano/micro fabrication, fiber fabrication, etc.). These courses w were started in July 2010. As soon as we started our program, we identified difficulties to organize synergic work from different groups, mainly in those cases of groups with no tradition in collaborative work. Although these difficulties were predicted by FOTONICOM leaders, and actions ions were proposed to overcome them, the significant cut (23%) that we suffered in our budget have impacted quite adversely in our plans. For example, we had planned an internship exchange program for students to do experimental work or simulations at diff different erent institutions. However, we effectively implemented this program just for students from the same geographical region, to save in traveling expenses. We had also planned to invest heavily in web tools for remote access of our research facilities (weblabs), bs), were we planned to hire an expert in content management systems and two interns for weblab development and content generation, but we had to reduce this plan and we hired only one intern, while weblab technology is being worked out part-time part by one undergraduate dergraduate student. Nevertheless, we were able to develop a reasonably operational web site that allows the FOTONICOM community to generate or update web pages and upload digital content. One problem raised by PUCC researchers is that this institution does not have a stricto sensus graduate program. PUCC has only a lato sensus Masters degree program, which, by law, cannot receive scholarships from government agencies for these students. This limits their collaboration capability since their students hav have e to work and are not paid to do research. At present time, FOTONICOM leaders do not see an easy solution for this problem. We feel that it could be solved through scholarships from our industrial partners. However, even if those students perform experimen experimental work or simulations at UNICAMP’s ’s laboratories, in order to receive scholarships, they must be officially registered as regular students of UNICAMP. We Page 41 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas believe that PUCC should sign a contract with some company for such purpose, and students with scholarships rships should dedicate almost full full-time to research. Beyond of FOTONICOM FOTONICOM, UNICAMP is the headquarters of other 8 INCTs (Photonics Applied to Cellular Biology, Advanced Analytical Technologies, Functional Complex Materials, Bioanalytic, Quantum Informa Information, tion, Blood Technology, Obesity, and Biofabrication). We interacted together to have a abetter infrastructure and logistic support from UNICAMP. UNICAMP Among other things, FOTONICOM obtained from UNICAMP the approval for hiring one technician to work at Optical Communication ommunication Laboratory Laboratory.. This technician was hired in July 2010 and has already started his activities. Other activities related to interactions with other INCTs are: - st Prof. Hugo Fragnito was invited to talk about FOTONICOM at the 1 International Workshop on Nanophotonics and Biophotonics, organized by INCT Photonics (Recife, PE). - We provide management support to Prof. Carlos Lenz Cesar who is a researcher from the INCT Photonics Applied to Cellular Biology and to Prof. Luiz Eduardo E. de Araujo who is a researcher from the INCT Optics and Photonics. - We are about to start a partnership with Prof. Amir Caldeira, coordinator of INCT Quantum Information, to develop Education&Dissemination activities together. Regarding international coll collaboration, Prof. Figueroa had approved in March 2010 a 3 year CNPq – NSF Cooperation Project, which involves financial support for researchers mobility between UNICAMP (Profs. Figueroa’s, Fragnito’s and Frateschi’s groups) and Cornell University (Profs. Lipson’s and Gaeta’s groups). The research activities are focused in the development of advanced integrated photonics devices for optical communications. Other activity that worth to be mentioned is the active participation of several FOTONICOM’s FOTONICOM leaders in the organization of the first Latin America Optics and Photonics (LAOP) Conference, sponsored by the Optical Society of America (OSA), to be held in Recife, Pernambuco, Pernambuc Brazil, in September 27-30, 30, 2010. Finally, we would like to point out that the he encouragement and support for the creation of research networks like the INCTs by the Science and Technology Ministry, can be viewed as a great opportunity for the Brazilian scientific community to develop and exercise proper and efficient management skills skills. This will certainly help us to operate in a more synergic and productive level,, in order to achieve results of real great impact in all sectors. sectors One of the FOTONICOM’s main in concerns is to contribute on that national effort. Page 42 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Appendices 6.1 A1. Publications Books 1. T. Adali, (Org.), C. Jutten, (Org.), J.M.T. Romano (Org.), and A.K. Barros, “Independent Component Analysis and Signal Separation,” ed.1, Berlin: Springer, vol.1, 1785 pages (2009) Book Chapters 1. E. Recami and M. Zamboni-Rached, Rached, “Localized Waves: A Review”, In: Advances in Imaging and Electron Physics. Amsterdam: Elsevier, vol. 156, pp. 235 235-355 (2009). 2. N.S. Ribeiro, C.M. Gallep, and E.Conforti, “Wavelength Conversio Conversion and 2R-Regeneration Regeneration in Simple Schemes with Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers,” In: Vedran Kordic. (Org.). Advances in Lasers and Electro-optics. Viena: In-Tech, Tech, 2009, v. prelo, pp. 1 1-30 (2009). 3. M.P. Fardin, M.R.N. Ribeiro, H. Waldman, “P2P in Scalable Cro Cross-Layer Layer Control Planes of Next Generation Networks”. In: N. Antonopoulos; G. Exarchakos; M. Li; A. Liotta. (Org.). Handbook of Research on P2P and Grid Systems for Service Service-Oriented Oriented Computing: Models, Methodologies and Applications.. Hershey, PA, U.S.A.: IG IGI Publishing (2009). 4. S. Chávez-Cerda, Cerda, M. D. Iturbe Iturbe-Castillo, J. M. Hickmann, “Diffraction-Induced Induced High-Order High Modes of the ( 2+1) Nonparaxial Nonlinear Schrödinger Equation,” In: Self Self-focusing:Past focusing:Past and Present, v. 114, Cap. 22, 517-545, 545, Robert W. Boyd, Svet Svetlana lana G. Lukishova, Y.R.Shen (Eds.), Springer (2009). 5. C,M. Panazio, A.O,Neves, R.R. Lopes, and J.M.T. Romano, “Channel Equalization Techniques for Wireless Communications Systems,” In: Cavalcanti, Francisco Rodrigo Porto; Andersson, Sören. (Org.). Optimizing g Wireless Communication Systems. 1 ed. New York: Springer, 2009, v. 1, p. 311311 351. 6. V. Dmitriev, “Symmetry principles and group group-theoretical theoretical methods in electromagnetics of complex media. In: F. Capolino, Theory and Phenomena of Metamaterials, 1st ed., CRC P Press, ress, New York, pp. 3.1-3.18 (2009). International Journals 1. M.L.F. Abbade, J.D. Marconi, R.L. Cassiolat, V. Ishizuca, I.E.Fonseca, and H.L. Fragnito, “Field-Trial “Field Evaluation of Cross-Layer Layer Effect Caused by All All-Optical Optical Wavelength Converters on IP Network Applications”, IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology Technology, vol. 27, n. 12, pp, 1816-1826, 1816 June (2009). 2. J.D. Marconi, Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., J.T. Robinson, N. Sherwood Sherwood-Droz, Droz, Y. Okawachi, H.E. Hernandez-Figueroa, Figueroa, M. Lipson, A.L. Gaeta, and H.L. Fragnito, “Performance investigation of microphotonic-silicon silicon devices in a field-trial all-optical network,” Optics Communications, Communications vol. 282, n. 5, pp. 849-855, March (2009). 3. L.H. Gabrielli, H.E. Hernández Hernández-Figueroa, Figueroa, and Hugo L. Fragnito, “Robustness optimization of fiber index profiles for optical parametric amplifiers,” IEEE/OSA A Journal of Lightwave Technology, Technology vol. 27, n 24, pp. 5571-5579, 5579, December (2009). Page 43 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 4. F.C. Cruz , J.D. Marconi, Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr, and H.L. Fragnito “Broadband second harmonic generation of an optical frequency comb produced by four four-wave wave mixing in highly nonlinear fibers,” Optics Communications,, vol. 283, n. 7, pp. 1459 1459-1462, February (2009). 5. E.F. Chillcce, R.E. Ramos-Gonzales, Gonzales, C.M.B. Cordeiro, L. Gutierrez Gutierrez-Rivera, Rivera, H. L. Fragnito, C. H. de Brito Cruz, A.C. Bordonalli, H. E. Hernández Hernández-Figueroa, R. L. Braga and L. C. Barbosa, “Luminescence of PbS quantum dots spread on the core surface of a silica microstructured optical fiber”, to appear in Journal of Non Non-Crystalline Crystalline Solids. (available online since 04 June 2010). 6. A. Wirth. L. Jr , M.G. da Silva, A.C. Ferrei Ferreira, and A.S.B. Sombra, “All-optical optical nonlinear switching cell made of photonic crystal,” Journal of The Optical Society of América A A,, vol. 26, n.7, pp. 1661-1667 1661 (2009). 7. S.N.M. Mestanza, A.A.G. Von Zuben, and N.C. Frateschi, “Enhanced side side-mode mode suppression in chaotic stadium microcavity lasers,” Journal of Applied Physics,, vol. 105, pp. 063101-063103 063101 (2009). 8. E.F. Chillcce, E.R. Gonzales, O.L. Alves, C.L. Cesar, I.O. Mazali, and L.C. Barbosa, “Fabrication of photonic optical fibers from soft glasses,” J. Am. Ceramic Soc,, vol. 93, n. 2, pp. 456–460 456 (2010). 9. L.A.V.Mendes, L.F. Avila, J.W. Menezes, C.R.R. Pinho, L. Cescato, and M.L. Rocco, “Photoresists comparative analysis using soft X X-ray synchrotron radiation and time-of-flight flight mass spectrometry,” European Polymer Journal,, vol. 45, pp. 3347 3347-3354 (2009). 10. G. Chesini, C.M.B Cordeiro, C.J.S de Matos, M. Fokine, I.C.S. Carvalho, and J.C. Knight, “All-fiber “All devices based on photonic crystal fibers with integrated electrodes,” OSA / Optics Express, Express vol. 17, pp. 1660-1665 (2009). 11. Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr, “Recent progress and novel applications of photonic crystal fibers,” Report on Progress in. Physics,, vol 73, 024401 (21pp), (2010). 12. C.E. Rubio-Mercedes, Mercedes, V.F. Rodriguez Rodriguez-Esquerre, Esquerre, A.M.F. Frasson, and H.E. Hernandez-Figueroa, Hernandez “Novel FEM Approach for the Analysis of Cylindrically Symmetric Photonic Devices,” IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology Technology, vol. 27, n. 21, pp. 4717-4721, November (2009). 13. M. Zamboni-Rached, Rached, “Unidirectional decomposition method for obtaining exact localized waves”, Physical Review A,, vol. 79, pp. 013816 (2009). 14. N. S. Ribeiro, A. L. Toazza, C. M. Gallep, and E. Conforti, “Rise Time and Gain Fluctuations of an Electrooptical Amplified Switch Based on Multipulse Injection in Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers,” Ampli IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Letters, vol. 21, n. 12, pp. 769-771 (2009). 15. F.A.C. Garcia, D.A.A. Mello, and H. Waldman, “Feedforward carrier recovery for polarization demultiplexed Signals with unequal signal to noise ratios”, OSA / Optics Express,, vol. vol 17, pp. 79587969 (2009). 16. A.C. Drumond and N.L.S. da Fonseca, “Fairness in zone zone-based based algorithms for dynamic traffic grooming in WDM mesh networks,” IEEE/OSA Journal of Optical Communications and Networking, vol.2, pp. 305-318 (2010). 17. G.S. Pavani, H. Waldman, "Routing and wavelength assignment with crankback re re--routing extensions by means of ant colony optimization", IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Communications vol. 28, n. 4 , pp.532 – 541 (2010). 18. M. Zamboni-Rached, Rached, E. Recami, and I.M. Besieris, “Cherenkov radiation versus s X-shaped X Localized Waves”, Journal of the Optical Society of America. A, vol. 27, n. 4, pp. 928-934 (2010). 19. F.R. Durand, L.Galdino, L.H. Bonani, F.R. Barbosa, M.L.F. Abbade, and E. Moschim,“The effects of polarization tion mode dispersion on 2D wavelenght wavelenght-hopping hopping time spreading code routed networks,” Accepted in Photonic Network Communications, Communications,doi: 10.1107/s11107-010-0242-6 (2010). Page 44 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 20. F.R. Durand, M.L.F. Abbade, F.R. Barbosa, and E. Moschim,“Design of multi multi-rate rate optical code path considering polarization mode dispersion limitations,” IET Communications, vol.4, pp. 234-239 234 (2010). 21. M.L.F. Abbade, A.L.A. Costa, F.R. Bar Barbosa, bosa, F.R. Durand, J.D. Marconi, and E. Moschim,“Optical amplitude multiplexing through parametric ampliofication in optical fibers,” Optics Communication, Communication vol 283, pp. 454-463 (2010). 22. E.A.M. Fagotto and M.L.F. Abbade,“All optical demultiplexing of 4 4-ASK optical ptical signals with FourFour Wave Mixing optical gates,” Optics Communication Communication, vol 283, pp. 1102-1109 1109 (2010). 23. L.A.M. Saito, J.F.L. Freitas, C.J.S. Matos, A.S.L. Gomes, and E.A. De Souza, “Experimental Comparison of Raman Gain Efficiency of a Dispersion Compens Compensating ating Fiber in C and O-bands,” O Microwave and Optical Technology Letters Letters, vol. 52, pp. 151-154 (2010). 24. F. Yazdani, and E.A. De Souza,“Operating point optimization of self self-linearized linearized differential quantum well electroabsorptive modulator,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters,, vol. 52, pp. 1-4 1 (2010). 25. I.V.M. Tasso and E.A. De Souza, “Towards local motion detection by the use of analog self electroelectro optic effect device,” OSA / Optics Express Express, vol. 18, pp. 8000-8005 (2010). 26. N.S. Ribeiro, C.M. Gallep, and E. Conforti, “High eye-quality quality improvement by a single-SOA single regenerative wavelength converter,” Microwave and Optical Tech. Letters, vol. 52, n.2, pp. 441-445, 441 February (2010). 27. D.M. Batista, L.J. Chaves, N.L.S. da Fonseca, and A.Ziviane, “Performance Analysis Analy of available bandwidth estimation tools for grid networks,” Journal of Supercomputing, vol. 53, pp. 103-121 103 (2010). 28. S.R.A.S. Rosa, A.C. Drumond, and N.L.S. da Fonseca, “Path protection WDM networks with impaired-transmission,” Photonic Network Communic Communications, vol.19, pp. 212-222 222 (2009). 29. Jianwei Wu, C.M. Gallep, and Shyh Shyh-Lin Tsao, “Femtosecond compensated pair--pulses generation with nonlinear SOI-MZI MZI waveguides,” Applied Physics. B, Lasers and Optics,, vol. 97, pp. 475-480 475 (2009). 30. D. Zanatta Filho, R.R. Lopes, opes, R. Ferrari, M.B. Loiola, R. Suyama, G.C.C.P. Simões, and B. Dortschy, "Achievable rates of DSL with crosstalk cancellation," European Transactions on Telecommunications,, vol. 20, pp. 81 81-86 (2009). 31. D.C. Soriano, R. Suyama, and R.R.F. Attux, "Blind Extraction of Chaotic Sources from White Gaussian Noise Based on a Measure of Determinism," Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Science vol. 5441, pp. 122-129 (2009). 32. E.Z. Nadalin, R. Suyama, and R.R.F. Attux, "An ICA-Based Based Method for Blind Source Separation in Sparse Domains," Lecture Notes in Computer Science Science, vol. 5441, pp. 597-604 604 (2009). 33. C.C. Cavalcante and J.M.T. Romano, "On the Relationships Between MMSE and InformationInformation Theoretic-Based Based Blind Criterion for M Minimum BER Filtering," Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Science vol. 5441, pp. 17-24 (2009). 34. A. Neves, C. Wada, R. Suyama, R.R.F. Attux, and J.M.T. Romano, "An Analysis of Unsupervised Signal Processing Methods in the Context of Correlated Sources," Lecture Notes N in Computer Science, vol. 5441, pp. 82-89 89 (2009). 35. C. Wada, D.M. Consolaro, R. Suyama, R.R.F. Attux, and J.F. Von Zuben, “Nonlinear Blind Source Deconvolution Using Recurrent Prediction Prediction-Error Error Filters and an Artificial Immune System,” Lecture Notes in Computer Science,, vol. 5441, pp. 371 371-378 (2009). Page 45 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 36. T. M, Dias, R.R.F. Attux, J.M.T. Romano, and R. Suyama, "Blind Source Separation of PostPost Nonlinear Mixtures Using Evolutionary Computation and Gaussianization," Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 5441,, pp. 235 235-242 (2009). 37. F. Beltran-Mejia, Mejia, G. Chesini, E. Silvestre, A.K. George, J.C. Knight, and C.M.B. Cordeiro, “Ultra-high “Ultra birefringent squeezed lattice photonic crystal fiber with rotated elliptical air air-holes,” Optics Letters, Letters vol. 35, pp. 544-546 (2010). 38. G. Chesini, V.A. Serrao, M.A.R. Franco, and C.M. B. Cordeiro, “Analysis and optimization of an allall fiber device based on photonic crystal fiber with integrated electrodes,” OSA / Optics Express, Express vol. 18, pp. 2842-2848 (2010). 39. Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr, D.C. C. Valente e Silva, M.A.Q.R Fortes, L.F da Silva, O.C. Branquinho, and M.L.F. Abbade, “Performance analysis of a Radio over Fiber system based on IEEE 802.15.4 standard in a real optical network,” Microwave and Optical Technology Letters,, vol. 51, pp. 1876-1879 1876 (2009). 40. Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr, J.D Marconi; H.E. Hernández Hernández- Figueroa, and H.L. Fragnito, “Broadband cascaded four-wave wave mixing by using a three three-pump pump technique in optical fibers,” Optics Communications,, vol. 282, pp. 4436 4436-4439 (2009). 41. L.A. Ambrosio and nd H.E. Hernandez Hernandez-Figueroa, Figueroa, “Trapping Double Negative Particles in the Ray Optics Regime Using Optical Tweezers with Focused Beams,” OSA / Optics Express,, vol. 17, n. 4, pp. 21918-21924, 21924, November (2009). 42. H.R.J. Grados, L.T. Manera, M.R. Finardi, J.A. Diniz Diniz,, I. Doi, P.J. Tatsch, H.E. HernándezHernández Figueroa, and J.W. Swart, “The Influence of Poly Poly-Si/SiGe Gate in Threshold, Sub-Threshold Threshold Parameters and Low Frequency Noise in p-MOSFETs,” MOSFETs,” ECS Transactions, vol. 23, n. 1, pp. 371-380, 380, August (2009). 43. J. Brianeze, C.H. Silva-Santos, Santos, and H.E. Hernández Hernández-Figueroa, Figueroa, “Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithms Applied to Microstrip Antennas Design,” Ingeniare,, vol.17, n.3, pp. 288-298, 288 ISSN 07183305, December (2009). 44. R.E.P. de Oliveira, C.J.S de Matos, J.G. Haya Hayashi, shi, and C.M.B Cordeiro, “Pressure Sensing Based on Non-Conventional Air-Guiding Guiding Transmission Windows in Hollow Hollow-Core Core Photonic Crystal Fibers,” IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave Technology Technology, vol. 27, pp. 1605-1609 (2009). 45. C.J.S de Matos, “Modeling Long Long-Pass Filters based on Fundamental-Mode Mode Cutoff in Photonic Crystal Fibers”, IEEE Photonics Technology Letters Letters, vol. 21, p.p 112-114 (2009). 46. L.F. Avila, L.R. Gutierrez-Rivera, Rivera, and L. Cescato; “Secondary Electron Constrast Modulation in SU-8 SU Photoresist Films Exposed Holographically,” Journal of Polymer Science. Part B, Polymer Physics, Physics vol. 48, pp. 226-230 (2009). 47. D.S.L. Figueira, D. Mustafa, L.R. Tessler, and N.C. Frateschi, “Resonant structures based on amorphous silicon sub oxide doped with Er3+ with silicon nanocl nanoclusters usters for an efficient emission at 1550 nm,” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. B, Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement and Phenomena Phenomena, vol. 27, pp. L38-L41 (2009). 48. F. Vallini, D.S.L. Figueira, P.F. Jarchel, L.A.M. Barea, A.A.G. Von Zuben, and N.C. Frateschi, “Effects of Ga+ milling on InGaAsP quantum well laser with mirrors milled by focused ion beam,” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology. B, Microelectronics and Nanometer Structures Processing, Measurement and Phenomena,, vol. 27, pp. L25-L27 (2009). 49. G.L. da Silva, I. Gleria, M.L. Lyra, and A.S.B. Sombra, “Modulational instability in lossless fibers with saturable delayed nonlinear response,” response,”Journal Journal of The Optical Society of América B, B vol. 26, n. 1, pp. 183-188 (2009). 50. A.W. Lima Jr and A.S.B. Sombra, “Switching cell embedded in photonic crystal,” Microsystem Technologies,, vol. 15, n. 6, pp.821 pp.821-825 (2009). Page 46 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 51. A.C. Ferreira, C.S. Sobrinho, J.W.M. Menezes , W.B. Fraga, G.F. Guimarães, A.F.G.F. Filho , S.P. Marciano , J.C. Sales, les, H.H.B. Rocha, J.R.R. Sousa, J.M.S. Filho, and A.S.B. Sombra, “A performance study of an all-optical optical logic gate based in PAM PAM-ASK,” Journal of Modern Optics, Optics vol. 56, n. 8, pp. 1004-1013 (2009). 52. W.B. Fraga, J.W.M. Menezes, C.S.Sobrinho, A.C. Ferreira, G.F. Guimarães, A.W.Lima Jr., A.F.G.F.Filho, H.H.B. Rocha, K.D. Saboia, F.T.Lima, J.M.S.Filho, and A.S.B.Sombra “Numerical analysis of the stability of optical bullets (2+1) in a planar waveguide with cubic cubic-quintic quintic nonlinearity,” Optical and Quantum Electronics ronics, vol. 41, n2., pp.121-130 (2009). 53. F.M. Pereira, N.L.S. da Fonseca, and D.S. Arantes, “A fair scheduling discipline for Ethernet passive optical networks,” Computer Networks, vol. 53, pp. 1859 1859-1878 (2009). 54. K.D.R. Assis, M.S. Savasini, and H. Waldman Waldman,, “How many lightpaths we need today and how many lightpaths we will need tomorrow,” Journal of Optical Communications,, vol. 30, pp. 176-179 176 (2009). 55. G.S. Pavani and H. Waldman, “Co “Co-scheduling scheduling in lambda grid systems by means of ant colony optimization,” Future ure Generation Computer Systems Systems, vol. 25, n. 3, pp. 257-265 265 (2009). 56. R.F. Souza, M.A.R.C. Alencar, M.R. Meneghetti, and J.M. Hickmann, “Large nonlocal nonlinear optical response of castor oil,” Optical Material Material, vol. 31, n. 11, p. 1591-1594 (2009). 57. I. Vidal,, D.P. Caetano, E.J.S. Fonseca, and J.M. Hickmann, “Effects of pseudothermal light source’s transverse size and coherence width in ghost ghost-interference interference experiments,” Optics Letters , vol. 34, pp. 1450 (2009). 58. F. Küller, J.C.C. Silva, P.T. Neves Jr, P.V. Cosm Cosmo, o, J.L. Fabris, H.J. Kalinowski, A. Pohl, “Large Bandwidth Fiber Bragg Gratings for CWDM Systems, Journal of Microwaves and Optoelectronics, Optoelectronics vol. 8, n. 2, pp 65-77 (2009). 59. R.L. Patik, M.J.M. Martini, G.R.C.Possetti, I.Lourenço Jr., W. Mazur, and H.J. Kalinowski, “Determination of the recording profile of fiber optic Bragg gratings”, Journal of Microwaves, Optoelectronics and Electromagnetics Applications Applications, vol. 8, n. 1, pp 9S-16S (2009). 60. F. Bonfigli, M.A. Vincenti, S. Almaviva, R.M. Montereali, E. Nichelatti, R.N. Nogueira, and H.J. Kalinowski, “Photo-induced induced gratings in thin color center layers on lithium fluoride”, Applied Optics, Optics vol. 48, n. 31, pp. G28-G43 (2009). 61. M.Z. Milczweski, M.Stevenson, J. Canning, C. Martelli, and H.J. Kalinowski, “Sensitivity of silica and polymer microstructured fibres to transversal pressure”, European Journal of Glass Science and Technology A,, vol. 50, n. 4, pp. 211 211-213 (2009). 62. C.J. Vianna na and E.A. De Souza, “An Electro Electro-optic optic Multiple Quantum Well Device for Image Processing”, IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics Electronics, vol 45, pp. 603-608 (2009). 63. H. G. Jimenez Grados, L. T. Manera, M. F. Rautemberg, J. A. Diniz, I. Doi, P. J. Tatsch, H. E. Hernández-Figueroa, Figueroa, and J. W. Swart , “The influence of poly poly-Si/SiGe Si/SiGe gate in CMOS transistors for RF and microwave circuit applications”, Physica Status Solidi (c), Wiley-VCH,, Volume 7, Issue 2 , pp. 440 – 443, February (2010). 64. L.A.M. Barea,F. Vallini, A.R. Vaz, J.R. Mialichi, and N.C. Frateschi, "Low "Low-roughness roughness active microdisk resonators fabricated by focused ion beam", Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B, B v. 27, n. 6, pp. 2979-2981, 2981, November (2009). 65. L. A. Ambrosio and H. E. Hernandez Hernandez-Figueroa, “Reversion on of gradient forces for high refractive index particles in optical trapping”, OSA / Optics Express Express, Vol. 18, No 6, pp. 5802-5808 5808 (2010). 66. V. Donzella, V. Toccafondo, S. Faralli, F. Di Pasquale, C. Cassagnettes, D. Barbier, and H. E. 3+ 3+ Hernández-Figueroa, “Ion-exchanged exchanged Er /Yb Co-doped doped Waveguide Amplifiers Longitudinally Pumped by Broad Area Lasers”, OSA / Optics Express, Vol. 18, No. 12, pp. 12690--12701 (2010). Page 47 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas Full Papers in International Conferences 1. A.O. Silva and V. Dmitriev, “Magneto “Magneto-optical effects on surface-plasmon-polariton polariton propagation in all magnetized multilayer structure”, In Photonics Europe, Brussels, Belgium, April 12 -16 - (2010). 2. C.M. Gallep, O. Raz, and H.J.S. Dorren, "Polarization Indep Independent endent Dual Wavelength Converter Based on FWM in a Single Semiconductor Optical Amplifier," In: Optical Fiber Communication Conference and Exposition - OFC'10, 2010, San Diego. proced. of, 2010. vol. OWP2, March 21-25 21 (2010). 3. A.C. Drumond and N.L.S. da Fon Fonseca, seca, “On effectiveness of expansion mechanisms on zone-based zone dynamic traffic grooming algorithms,” In: IEEE International Conference on Communications 2007, 2010, pp.1-5, 5, Cape Town, South Afrinca (2010). 4. S.A.R.S. Rosa, A.C. Drumond, and N.L.S. da Fonseca, “Shared path protection with differentiated reliability in transmission impaired WDM networks,” In: IEEE International Conference on Communications 2007, 2010, pp.1 pp.1-5, Cape Town, South Afrinca (2010). 5. O. Raz, C.M. Gallep, and H.J.S. Dorren, “Simultaneous Penalty Free Dual Wavelength Conversion Using Four Wave Mixing in a Semiconductor Optical Amplifier,” In: XXII IEEE Photonics Society Annual Meeting, 2009, Belek-Antalya, Antalya, proceed. of, paper WK2, 2009, pp. 469 469-470 470 (2009). 6. Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., J.D. Ma Marconi ; H.E. Hernandez-Figueroa, Figueroa, and H.L. Fragnito , “Efficient generation of cascaded four-wave wave mixing in very short optical fibers,” In: PIERS 2009 - Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium, 2009, PIERS 2009 - Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium,, session 3P4, pp.586, Beijing, China, March 23 23-27 (2009). 7. Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., H.E. Hernandez Figueroa, and H.L. Fragnito, “Highly Birefringent Hybrid Photonic Crystal Fiber,” In: PIERS 2009 - In: PIERS 2009 - Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium, 2009, PIERS 2009 - Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium, session 3P4, pp.585, Beijing, China, March 23 23-27 (2009). 8. Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., D. Valente, M.A.Q.R. Fortes ; L.F. da Silva ; O.C. Banquinho, and M.L.F. Abbade, “Implementation lementation of a Radio over Fiber system in a geographically geographically--distributed optical network,” In: PIERS 2009 - Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium, 2009, PIERS 2009 Progress in Electromagnetics Research Symposium Symposium,, session 2P1B, pp.286, Beijing, China, March 23-27 (2009). 9. Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., J.D. Marconi, H.L. Fragnito, F.C. Cruz, “Broadband light-source light based in the SHG of a multiple comb FWM in an optical fiber fiber”, ”, In: Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Electro (CLEO), 2009. Proceedings of Conf Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics,, Munich, Germany, June 1414 19 (2009). 10. R.E.P. de Oliveira, C.J.S. de Matos, J.C. Knight, T. Taru, and Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., “Temperature Response of Photonic Bandgap Fibers based on High High-Index Inclusions,” In: Conference Confere on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Optics, 2009. Proceedings of Conference on Lasers and Electro Electro-Optics Optics 2009, 2009 Munich, Germany, June 14- 19 (2009). 11. R.E.P. de Oliveira, C.J.S. de Matos, “Response to Pressure of a Hollow Core Photonic Crystal Fiber for Sensing Applications,” Proceedings of IEEE IEEE-IMOC IMOC (International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference), Belém, Pará, Brazil, November 3 3-6, 2009. 12. R.E.P. de Oliveira, C.J.S. de Matos, Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., F. Couny, F. Benabid, L. Gomes, N.U. Werter, “Large Hollow-Core Core Fiber Random Dye Laser,” In: European Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics Optics and the XIth European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLE (CLEO O /Europe-EQEC), /Europe 2009. Proceedings of European Quantum Electronics Conference (CLEO /Europe-EQEC), /Europe Munich, Germany, June 14- 19 (2009). Page 48 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 13. L.L. Bravo-Roger, Roger, M. S. Gonçalves, M. de Freitas, F.J. Arnold, H. E. Herrnández Herrnández-Figueroa, Figueroa, “Surface Plasmon Polariton Propagation pagation in Metallic Channels Analized by Spatio Spatio-Temporal Temporal FEM Model (ST(ST FEM)”, Mediterranean Microwave Symposium MMS’2009 MMS’2009,, Tangiers, Morroco, November 15-17 15 (2009). 14. H.E. Hernández-Figueroa, Figueroa, M.S Gonçalves, and L.P. Oliveira, “Numerical Modeling Challenges for f Guided-Wave Wave Photonic Device Simulations,” INVITED PAPER.Photonics North 2009 Conference, Conference Quebec, Canada, May 22-27 27 (2009). 15. V. Donzella, V. Toccafondo, S. Faralli, F. Di Pasquale, D. Barbier, and H.E. Hernandez-Figueroa, Hernandez “Phosphate Glass Ion-Exchange Exchange Er Er3+/Yb3+ Co-Doped Doped Waveguide Amplifiers Longitudinally Pumped by Broad Area Lasers,” IEEE Photonics Society International Conference in Switching 2009, 2009 Pisa, Italy, September 15-10 (2009). 16. Arismar Cerqueira S. Jr., H.E. Hernandez Hernandez-Figueroa, and H.L. Fragnito, “Birefringence Properties of Hybrid Photonic Crystal Fibers Fibers,” Proceedings of IEEE-IMOC IMOC (International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference),, Belém, Pará, Brazil, November 3 3-6 (2009). 17. C.H. Silva-Santos, Santos, K. Claudio, M.S. Gonçalves, and H.E. 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Pereira, R Nogueira, A.A.P.Pohl, “Single Device for Excitation of Both Flexural and Longitudinal Acousto Acousto-Effects Effects in Fiber Bragg Gratings”, Proceedings of the International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conferenc Conference, Belém, Brazil, pp 1-4, 1 November 3-6 (2009). 89. R.A. Oliveira, Inacio, P.L, and A.A.P. Pohl, “FBG Filtering of SCM WDM Channels with a Notch Type Spring Tunning Device,” In: 16th International Conference on Telecommunications , v. CD-ROM. CD p. 15, Marrakech,, Morroco, May 25 25-27 (2009). 90. K. Cook, J. Canning, A.A.P.Pohl, J. Holdsworth, and M. Stevenson, S. Bandyopadhyay, G.Nathaniel, “Bragg grating writing in photonic crystal fibres,” In: SPIE European Optics & Optoelectronics Symposium, v. 7357. p. 1-11, 11, Praga, Czech Republic, April 20 -23 (2009). 91. R.A. Oliveira, C.A.F. Marques, R. Nogueira, J. Canning, and A.A.P. Pohl, “Fast acousto-optic acousto adddrop based on fibre Bragg grating,” In: IEEE 22nd Annual Lasers and Electro Optics Society Meeting (LEOS 2009), 2009, Belek-Antalya, Antalya, Turkey, October 4 4-8 (2009). 92. K. Cook, C.K.Poon, A.A.P. Pohl, and J. Canning, “Acetylene line line-width width measurement using a PiezoPiezo Tuned, Erbium-Doped Doped Ring DFB DFB-PCF PCF Laser,” In: IEEE 22nd Annual Lasers and Electro Optics Society Meeting (LEOS 2009), 2009, Belek Belek-Antalya, Turkey, October 4-8 (2009). 93. R.M. Montereali, S. Almaviva, F. Bonfigli, H.J. Kalinowski, E. Nichelatti, R.N. Nogueira, and M.A. Vincenti, “Photo-induced induced periodic structures based on laser laser-active active colour centres in lithium fluoride crystals and thin layers,” In: 1st EOS Topical Meeting on Lasers 2009 2009, CD-ROM, ROM, pp. 1-2, 1 Capri, Italy, September 27-30 (2009). Page 54 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 94. M.J.M Martini, C.E.S Castellani, M.J. Pontes, M.R.N Ribeiro, and H.J. Kalinowski, “Multi-pump “Multi optimization for Raman+EDFA hybrid amplifi amplifiers ers under pump residual recycling,” In: 2009 IEEE MTTMTT S/SBMO International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference, CD CD-ROM, ROM, pp. 117-121 117 Belém, Brazil, November 3-6 (2009). 95. J.C. Graf, S.A. Teston, P.V. Barba, J. Dallmann, J.A.S. Lima, H.J. Kalinowski, and A.S.Paterno, “Fiber taper rig using a simplified heat source and the flame flame-brush brush technique,” In: 2009 IEEE MTTMTT S/SBMO International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference, CD CD-ROM, ROM, pp. 621-624, 621 Belém, Brazil, November 3-6 (2009). 96. M.M. Carvalho and E.A. De Souza, “A Novel Protection Mechanism for TDM-PON,” TDM In: 11th International Conference on Transparent Optical Networks ICTON 2009 2009,, Sao Miguel, Açores, Portugal, June 28-July July 2 (2009). 97. H.G. Rosa and E.A. De Souza, “Erbium “Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser Passively Mode-Locked cked by Thin Films Incorporating,” In: LEOS 2009 Annual Meeting, Antaly-Belek, Turkey, October 4-8 8 (2009). 98. L.A.M. Saito, and E.A. De Souza, “A Comparison between an in in-Field and an in--Laboratory 50 km Ultralong Erbium,” In: LEOS 2009 Annual Meeting, Antaly-Belek, Belek, Turkey, October 4-8 4 (2009). 99. C.C. Dias and E.A De Souza, “Dynamic Operation of an Assynchronous Mode Mode-lock lock Erbium-doped Erbium Fiber Laser,” In: IMOC 2009,, Belém, Brazil, November 3 3-6 (2009). 100. C.M.B. Lopes; Sachs, A. C.; Carvalho, T. C. M. B.; De Souza, E. A. FWM Physical Impairments Aware GMPLS Signaling. In: IMOC 2009 2009, Belém, Brazil, November 3-6 (2009). 101. C. Barros, H.G. Rosa, and E.A. De Souza, “Multiwavelength and Multifunctional Erbium-doped Erbium Fiber Laser Based on Arrayed Waveguide Grating,” In: IMOC 2009,, Belém, Brazil, November 3-6 3 (2009). 102. H.G. Rosa and E.A. De Souza, “Thin films incorporating carbon nanotubes used as saturable absorbers to passively mode mode-lock Erbium-doped fiber lasers,” In: IMOC 2009, 2009 Belém, Brazil, November 3-6 (2009). 103. L.A.M. Saito, M.A.Romero, and E.A. De Souza, “In “In-Field and in-Laboratory Laboratory 50 km Ultralong Erbium Fiber Laser,” In: IMOC 2009,, Belém, Brazil, November 3 3-6 (2009). 104. S.B. Susskind and E.A. De Souza, “40 Gb/s RZ DQP DQPSK SK transmission with SPM and ASE suppression by dispersion management,” In: IMOC 2009,, Belém, Brazil, November 3-6 3 (2009). National Journals and Conferences In addition to the itens listed above, F FOTONICOM researched have also published 1 journal paper and 35 contributed papers in local conferences. Patents 1. L.C. Barbosa and C.L. Cesar; “US7493008 B2 – Glass for Optical Amplifier Fiber” 12/02/2009. 2. J. Moreira Neto, H.E. Hernández Figueroa, F.R. Borges, M.O. de Moraes, and E. Reis, “Filter Based on Dielectric Ressonator,” submitted to INPI (Brazilian Industrial Property Institute), under number PI 0900171-9, January 29 (2009). 3. J. Moreira Neto, H.E. Hernández Figueroa, F.R. Borges, M.O. de Moraes, and E. Reis, “Feeder for Filters Made of Half Dielectric Ceramic of High Permittivity,” submitted to INPI (Brazilian Industrial Property Institute), under number PI 0900171 0900171-9, March 3 (2009). 4. K.D.A. Sabóia, A.C. Ferreira, C.S. Sobrinho, and A. S. B. Sombra, “Criptography process based on ultrashort pulses simultaneously modulated in position and amplitude using acousto-optic acousto filters for been used in broadband optical fibers networks”, submitted to INPI (Brazilian Industrial Property Institute), under number PI 013090000953, December 9 (2009). Page 55 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 5. Hypolito o Kalynowsky “Fiber Bragg Tuning Device with Notch type Spring”, submitted to INPI (Brazilian Industrial Property Institute), under number 015090001583, May 28 (2009) 6.2 A2. Theses PhD Theses 1. Adriano Luiz Toazza, "Computer Modeling and Experimental Investigation of the Electro-optical Electro Switching of Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers," Advisor: Prof. Evandro Conforti; co-advisor: co Prof. Carlos Allan Caballero Petersen, DMO DMO-FEEC-UNICAMP April (2010). 2. Eduardo José Sartori, “Experimental Methodology for the Development of Metamaterial Grids with Quasi-Zero Zero and Negative Permittivity,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP UNICAMP, December (2009). 3. Napoleão dos Santos Ribeiro, "Regenerative conversion and Optical Sw Switching itching employing Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers," Advisor: Prof. Evandro Conforti, co co-advisor: advisor: Prof. Cristiano M. Gallep, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP,, October (2009). 4. Leonardo André Ambrosio, “Optical Tweezers based on Localiz Localized ed Beams Interacting with Conventional and Metamaterial Particles,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP UNICAMP, August (2009). 5. Oswaldo Pedreira Paixão, “Analysis of RF Nonlinear Circuits RF using the Multilevel Multil Harmonic Balance Technique,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP,, April (2009). 6. Luis Enrique Gutierrez Rivera, “Fabrication and Characterization of Nanosieves”, Advisor: Prof. Lucila Cescato, Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, UNICAMP, August (2009). 7. Gustavo Bittencourt Figueiredo, ““Control Control Mechanisms in Networks of optical burst switching,” switching Computing School - UNICAMP,, Advisor: Nelson Luis Saldanha da Fonseca (2009). 8. Karlo David Alves Sabóia, “Study Study of the performance of acoustic-optic optic tunable filters as bistable components and their use in cryptography in optical networks networks,” ,” UFC Physics Department, Advisor: Antonio Sérgio Bezerra Sombra, December 2009). 9. Kleucio Claudio, “Finite Elements based on Linea Linearr Equation Systems with Simplified Resolution for Photonic Devices,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP,, May (2010). 10. Carlos Henrique da Silva Santos, “Bio “Bio-Inspired and Parallel Computation for Analysis ysis of Metamaterial Structures in Microwaves and Photonics,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP UNICAMP, May (2010). MSc Theses 1. Giancarlo Chesini, “Optical devices based on Photonic Crystal Fibers (PCFs) with w integrated electrodes,” Advisor: Prof. Cristiano Monteiro de Barros Cordeiro, Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, UNICAMP, July (2009). 2. Felipe Valline, “Multi-segmented segmented Semiconductor Optical Amplifiers for saturation power,” Advisor: Prof. Newton C. Frateschi, schi, Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, UNICAMP,, July (2009). Page 56 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 3. Paulo Felipe Jarschel de Siqueira. “THz emitters with III-V V compounds for imaging and spectroscopy,” Advisor: Prof. Newton C. Frateschi, Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, UNICAMP, July (2009). 4. Lucas cas Heitzmann Gabrielli, “Optimized Optical Fibers for Parametric Amplifiers,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP,, January (2009). 5. Joice Luiz Jeronimo, “Modeling of RF Electromagnetic Induction Welding Machines,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP,, January (2009). 6. Fabiano Rodrigues Borges, “Miniaturization Techniques for Microwav Microwave e Dielectric Filters,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP, UNICAMP January (2009). 7. Michele Nazareth da Costa. "Non supervisioned SISO, SIMO and MIMO channels under perfect inversion equalization", School of E Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP, UNICAMP Advisor: Joao Marcos Travassos Romano, co--advisor: R. Suyama (2009). 8. Igor da Silva Ramos, "Compensation of dispersion in optical links using photonic crystal fibers," Advisor: Christiano de Matos, Mackenzie Pres Presbyterian University, January, (2009) 9. José Rubens Rodrigues de Sousa, ““Comparative Comparative study of performance of a Michelson interferometer for fiber optics, operating in the schemes: pulsed and CW, based on Linear Bragg Gratings (FBG),”Teleinformatics Dept. - UF UFC, C, Advisor: Antonio Sérgio Bezerra Sombra, February (2009) 10. Mayerlin Nunez Portella,, “Development of a diode pumped Nd:YLF laser frequency doubled to 657 nm,” Advisor: Flávio Cruz, UNICAMP UNICAMP, June (2009). 11. Francisco Augusto da Costa Garcia, ““Spectral Spectral characterization and evaluation of performance for advanced digital formats of optical modulation in 40 Gb / s”, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, UNICAMP Advisor: Helio Waldman (2009). 12. Camila Campos Dias, “Study of stabilization of a Erbium doped laser with femtoseconds pulses and rate of 10 Ghz”, Advisor: Eunesio de Souza, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, (2009). 13. Fulvio Ceragioli, “Comparative Comparative analysis of OOK, DPSK, and DQPSK modulation formats for optical fiber systems operating att rates of 40 Gb / s” Advisor: Eunesio de Souza, Mackenzie Presbyterian University, (2009). 14. Gilliard Nardel Malheiros Silveira, “Finite Element Modeling of Photonic and RF Devices,” Advisor: Prof. Hugo E. H. Figueroa, School of Electrical and Computer Engi Engineering, UNICAMP, UNICAMP June (2010). Tutorials (Invited Talks, Plenary Talks, Special Lectures) 1. H.L. Fragnito, “The Nobel Prize in Physics of 2009 and the Future Internet,” Colloquium at the Gleb Wataghin Physics Institute, State University of Campinas, IFGW/ IFGW/UNICAMP,, Campinas, May 20 (2010). 2. H.L. Fragnito, “Optical Fibers and the CCD: The Nobel Prize in Physics of 2009,” Colloquium at the Institute of Theoretical Physics, State University of Sao Paulo, IFT/UNESP, Sao Paulo, April 07 (2010). 3. F.C. Cruz, “Technology Transfer Activities at INCT FOTONICOM”, ”, Colloquium at Federal University of Ceara, March 19 (2010). 4. M.L.F. Abbade, “A A full optical wavelength converter assembly manual”, Tutorial, (2010) 5. A.A.A. Polh ,”Fundamentals of geometric optics and lasers”, short course addressed to technicians and engineers of the company Perkons, in Curitiba, May (2009) 6. J.L. Fabris, “Applications of Bragg networks”, (Invited Talk), Workshop Novel Optical Fibers/ Technology and Applications, CPqD Foundation, December 12 (2009). 7. Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr, “Photonic Crystal Fibers: Remarkable optical properties and potential applications,” (Invited Talk), Workshop on Novel Optical Fibers: technology and application, held at CPqD in Campinas, December 10 (2009) (2009). 8. V. Esquerre, “Introduction to Optics and Integrated Photonics”, (6 h short course)– course) International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference, Belém, PA, November (2009) Page 57 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 9. H.L. Fragnito, “The Nobel Prize in Physics of 2009,” (Invitation to Physics Series of Colloquia), C Colloquium at the Physics Institute, University of Sao Paulo, IF IF-USP, USP, November 18 (2009). 10. H.E Hernández Figueroa "Numerical Modeling Challenges for Guided Guided-Wave Wave Photonic Device Simulations," (Invited Talk), National Research Council (CNRS), Ottaw Ottawa, a, Canada, October 23 (2009). st 11. N.C.Frateschi, “Microphotonic, Optoelectronic Integration and nano fabrication,” (Invited Talk), at 1 Science and Technology Week at UFABC; Santo André SP; October (2009). 12. N.C.Frateschi, “Optolectronics, Photonics, and Nanof Nanofabrication,” abrication,” Workshop on Science, Technology, and Innovation that interest National Defense at CTI Campinas; October (2009). 13. N.C.Frateschi, “Fabrication techniques of microelectronic and optoelectronic circuits,” (Invited Talk), UNICAMP´s ´s Permanent Forum, October (2009). 14. H.L. Fragnito, “INCT-FOTONICOM FOTONICOM and Grand Challenges for Future Optical Internet,” (Plenary Talk), CPqD International Workshop on Future Internet Architectures, CPqD Campus, Campinas, SP, Brazil, September 23-24 24 (2009). 15. N.C.Frateschi, “Optolectronics, lectronics, Photonics, and Nanofabrication,” (Special Lecture) VII UNICAMP´s Physics Week, August (2009). 16. H.L Fragnito, “Optical Amplifiers,” Invited Lecture for students of Telecommunications, UNICAMP Faculty of Technology, Limeira, SP, June 08 (2009). 17. C.M.B. M.B. Cordeiro, “Photonic Crystal Fibers,” (4h Short Course), XXXII National Meeting on Condensed Matter Physics, May (2009). 18. H.L. Fragnito, “The National Institute of Photonics Science and Technology for Optical Communications – FOTONICOM FOTONICOM,” (Invited Talk), International Workshop on Nanophotonics and Biophotonics, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil, April 01 01-02 (2009). 19. H.L. Fragnito, “INCT-FOTONICOM FOTONICOM,” (Invited Talk), Seminatec – Week of Technology, Physics Institute, IFGW-UNICAMP,, Campinas, SP, Brazil, March 20, 20 2009. 20. P.S. Patrício, “Microstrutured Optical Fibers to compensate residual dispersion”, Invited Lecture, V Escola de Verão de Física do ITA, S. José dos Campos, January (2010). 21. H.J. Kalinowski, “The Nobel Prize on Fiber Optics and its Origins”, (Invited Talk), no Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Italia, 26 de Janeiro de 2010. 22. H.J. Kalinowski, “ 2009 Nobel Prize and its origins (optical fibers)”, Pato Branco Campus of UFTPR., December (2009). 23. Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr “Photonic Photonic Crystal Fibers: Remarkable optical properties and potential applications” Workshop on Novel Optical Fibers: technology and application application,, CPqD,Campinas, December 10 (2009). 6.3 A2. Other relevant information We list here FOTONICOM FOTONICOM´s researchers participation in Organizing Committees etc 1. Hugo E Hernández Figueroa, advisor of IEEE Student Branch at UNICAMP. UNICAMP Promoted and encouraged the Development of undergrad projects related to photonics communications were promoted and encouraged. 2. Hugo go E Hernández Figueroa, President of IEEE Education Society Chapter. Talks and seminars related to scientific and technical educational topics in the field of photonics communications were organized. 3. Hugo E Hernández Figueroa, Scientific Committee Member of IEEE/RITA – Iberoamerican Journal on Learning Technologies. Page 58 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas 4. Hugo E Hernández Figueroa, Associate Editor of Theory and Integrated Optics, From January 2003 to December 2009 - IEEE/OSA Journal of Lightwave and Technology. 5. Hugo E Hernández Figueroa, Progr Program am Committee Member of the International Microwave and Optoelectronics Conference ‘2009 (IMOC’2009), organized by the Brazilian Society of Microwaves and Optoelectronics (SBMO) and the IEEE – Microwave Theory and Techniques (MTT) Society. November 3-6, 2009, 09, Belém, Pará, Brazil. 6. Cristiano Cordeiro organized the thematic symposium “Specialty optical fibers, photonic crystals & waveguides” within the XXXII National Meeting on Condensed Matter Physics – invited speakers: Sajeev John (University of Toronto – Canada), Fiorenzo Omenetto (Tufts University – USA), Miguel V. Andrés (Universidad de Valencia – Spain), among others, May (2009). 7. Cristiano Cordeiro organized the mini mini-course “In-fiber acousto-optic optic interaction and optical fiber sensors”,(6 hours) delivered ed by Prof. Dr. Miguel V. Andres Bou from Universidad de Valencia at UNICAMP, May (2009). 8. Newton Frateschi and his students organized SEMINATEC V workshop on March 19 e 20 , 2009. We had 97 participants and 37 papers submitted. The event had effective part participation/organization icipation/organization of the IEEE Electronic Device Society (South Chapter e Student Chapter) and the Optical Society of America (Student chapter). Also, the participation of the Brazilian National Institute for Science and Technology was intense. The ev event ent promoted debates on technological policies with the participation of government agencies, the private sector and innovation agencies from universities. 6.4 A3. Hits in the media This year we had several hits in the media, as follows: 1. Cristiano M.B. Cordeiro, iro, Interview to UNICAMP´s Newspaper 2. VIII Physics During Vacations and VI Advanced School of Physics, news at UNICAMP´s UNICAMP Portal about the open enrollment for high school students. This event made and made 3 pop pop-up up news: in “Canal “ da Ciência”, “Pion Newsletter”, ”, and ““Física na Veia Blog”. 3. Hugo E. H. Figeueroa received honorable mention for his invention “Simulation Simulation Software for Electromagnetic Emission of Mobile Terminals (Mobile)”, licensed by CPqD. 4. Arismar Cerqueira Sodre Jr, Interview to FAPESP´s ´s News Agency This interview made 5 pop-up up news: in ““Revista FAPESP”, in “Portal “Ceset” in “Pos Pos-Darwinista” Blog; in “Gazeta de Limiera”” newspaper; in ““Inovacao Tecnologica” website ; 5. Newton Frateschi, Interview to UNICAMP´s ´s Newspaper: Newspaper This interview made one pop-up up news: in ““Mercado Ético”; 6. Hugo E. H. Figeueroa , Interview to UNICAMP´s Newspaper and made 8 pop-up up news: in “CPqD “ Imprensa 1”, in “CPqD CPqD Imprensa 2 2”, in “Jornal Saúde e Movimento”, in “Portal dia-a a-dia Educação”, in “Jornal Itapora Hoje”, in “Portal Portal do Fórum Nacional pela Democratização da Comunicação” Comunicação in “Portal do Centro de Estudos de Sustentabilidade da FGV FGV”; in “UOL Tecnologia” 7. Newton Frateschi, rateschi, Interview to Cultura TV (Fundação Padre Anchieta – a Foundation for Educative TV sponsored by the government of Sao Paulo State). Links (Highlights and Other E&D Activities) • KyaTera on Google maps: http://www.kyatera.FAPESP.br/index.php/us/about .br/index.php/us/about-kyatera/maps-ofnetwork-on-google-maps • 4K cinema over KyaTera: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=17DpXCoPRBE • CePOF website: http://cepof.ifi.UNICAMP UNICAMP.br/ • KyaTera website: http://www.kyatera. http://www.kyatera.FAPESP.br/ Page 59 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas • III OSA Physics Olympiad: http://www.ifi. http://www.ifi.UNICAMP.br/osa/olimp3/ • VII Physics During Vacations: http://www.ifi. http://www.ifi.UNICAMP.br/osa/fife7 • Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr, Interview Article at “Revista FAPESP:” http://www.revistapesquisa.FAPESP FAPESP.br/?art=4082&bd=1&pg=1&lg= • Arismar Cerqueira Sodré Jr, Interview Article at “Agên “Agência cia FAPESP”: : http://www.agencia.FAPESP.br/materia/11752/especiais/mais .br/materia/11752/especiais/mais-que-fibras-opticas.htm opticas.htm • Hugo E. Hernandez-Figueroa, Figueroa, Interview Article 1 http://tecnologia.uol.com.br/ultimashttp://tecnologia.uol.com.br/ultimas noticias/redacao/2009/12/16/telefones noticias/redacao/2009/12/16/telefones-sem-fio-residenciais-e-outros-eletronicos-passarao passarao-por-testede-radiacao.jhtm • Hugo E. Hernandez Hernandez-Figueroa, Figueroa, Interview Article 2: http://www.UNICAMP.br/UNICAMP UNICAMP/UNICAMP_hoje/ju/novembro2009/ju446_pag03.php _hoje/ju/novembro2009/ju446_pag03.php • Newton Frateschi, Interview Article: http://www.UNICAMP.br/UNICAMP UNICAMP/UNICAMP_hoje/ju/setembro2009/ju443_pag09.php _hoje/ju/setembro2009/ju443_pag09.php • Hugo E. Hernandez Hernandez-Figueroa, Figueroa, Interview Article 3: http://www.UNICAMP.br/UNICAMP UNICAMP/divulgacao/2009/05/19/desenvolvimento-de-antena antena-premiaalunos-da-feec-em-hong-kong Other Links • VIII Physics During Vacations and VI Advanced School of Physics: http://www.UNICAMP.br/UNICAMP UNICAMP/divulgacao/2010/05/01/fisica-nas-ferias-abre-inscricoes inscricoes and the pop-up news: o In “Canal da Ciência”: http://www.canalciencia.ibict.br/saibamais/eventos.php o In “Pion Newsletter”: http://pion.sbfisica.org.br/pdc/index.php/por/eventos/fife_e_eaf o In “Física na Veia!” Blog: http://fisicamoderna.blog.uol.com.br/ • Arismar Cerqueira Sodre Jr Interview: http://www.agencia.FAPESP.br/materia/11752/especiais/mais .br/materia/11752/especiais/maisque-fibras-opticas.htm and the pop pop-up news: o in “Revista FAPESP”: http://www.revistapesquisa. http://www.revistapesquisa.FAPESP.br/?art=4082&bd=1&pg=1&lg .br/?art=4082&bd=1&pg=1&lg o in “Portal Ceset”: http://www.ceset. http://www.ceset.UNICAMP.br/noticia/2010/03/01/professor-arismar arismar-da-divis-ode-telecomunica-es-publica-artigo artigo-na-revista-reporto in “Pos-Darwinista Blog”: http://pos http://pos-darwinista.blogspot.com/2010/02/mais-que-fibras fibras-opticas.html o in “Gazeta de Limeira”: http:// http://www.gazetadelimeira.com.br/Noticia.asp?ID=34716 www.gazetadelimeira.com.br/Noticia.asp?ID=34716 o in Inovação Tecnológica: http://www.inovacaotecnologica.com.br/not http://www.inovacaotecnologica.com.br/noticias/noticia.php?artigo=progressos-fibras fibras-opticasfotonicas-hibridas&id=010110100211 hibridas&id=010110100211 • Newton Frateschi, Interview to UNICAMP´s ´s Newspaper: Newspaper http://www.UNICAMP.br/UNICAMP UNICAMP/UNICAMP_hoje/ju/setembro2009/ju443_pag09.php _hoje/ju/setembro2009/ju443_pag09.php, and the popup news o in “Mercado Ético”: http://mercadoetico.terra.com.br/arquivo/para http://mercadoetico.terra.com.br/arquivo/para-que-a-rede rede-nao-entre-emcolapso/ E. H. Figueroa: Interview to UNICAMP´s ´s Newspaper: • Hugo http://www.UNICAMP.br/UNICAMP UNICAMP/UNICAMP_hoje/ju/novembro2009/ju446_pag03.php _hoje/ju/novembro2009/ju446_pag03.php and the 8 pop-up news: o in “CPqD Imprensa 1”: http://www.cpqd.com.br/imprensa http://www.cpqd.com.br/imprensa-e-eventos/the-news/4470 news/4470-softwareavalia-efeitos-da-radiacao-eletromagnetica eletromagnetica-emitida-por-celular.html o in “CPqD Imprensa 2”: http://www.cpqd.com.br/imprensa http://www.cpqd.com.br/imprensa-e-eventos/the-news/4474 news/4474-sistema-avaliaradiacao-de-celulares.html o in “Jornal Saúde e Movimento”, http://www.saudeemmovimento.com.br/reportagem/noticia_exibe.asp?cod_noticia=3268 o in “Portal dia dia-a-dia dia Educação”, http://www.fisica.seed.pr.gov.br/modules/noticias/article.php?storyid=312 Page 60 of 61 Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia Fotônica para Comunicações Ópticas o in “Jornal Itapora Hoje”, http://www.itaporahoje.com/?noticia=30710/software-avalia-efeitos-dahttp://www.itaporahoje.com/?noticia=30710/software radiacao-eletromagnetica-emitida emitida-por-celular o in “Portal do Fórum Nacional pela Democrat Democratização ização da Comunicação” : http://www.fndc.com.br/internas.php?p=noticias&cont_key=460304 o in “Portal do Centro de Estudos de Sustentabilidade da FGV”: http://ces.fgvsp.br/gvces/index.php?page=Noticia&id=165990;http://cosmo.uol.com.br/institucionais /cenario_xxi/mostra_noticia.php?url= rio_xxi/mostra_noticia.php?url=\noticias\2009\11\06\40907.php o in “UOL Tecnologia”: http: http://tecnologia.uol.com.br/ultimas-noticias/redacao/2009/12/16/telefones noticias/redacao/2009/12/16/telefonessem-fio-residenciais-e-outros outros-eletronicos-passarao-por-teste-de-radiacao.jhtm --------- 0 --------- Page 61 of 61