National Overview - Brazil (source: CIA World Factbook, 2000 http

Transcrição

National Overview - Brazil
(source: CIA World Factbook, 2000
http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/index.html; US Library of Congress http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/)
Location: Eastern South America, bordering the Atlantic Ocean
Geographic coordinates: 10 00 S, 55 00 W
Map references: South America
Area:
total: 8,511,965 sq km
land: 8,456,510 sq km
water: 55,455 sq km
note: includes Arquipelago de Fernando de Noronha, Atol das Rocas, Ilha da Trindade,
Ilhas Martin Vaz, and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo
Area—comparative: slightly smaller than the US
Land boundaries:
total: 14,691 km
border countries: Argentina 1,224 km, Bolivia 3,400 km, Colombia 1,643 km, French
Guiana 673 km, Guyana 1,119 km, Paraguay 1,290 km, Peru 1,560 km, Suriname 597 km,
Uruguay 985 km, Venezuela 2,200 km
Coastline: 7,491 km
Maritime claims:
contiguous zone: 24 nm
continental shelf: 200 nm
exclusive economic zone: 200 nm
territorial sea: 12 nm
Climate: mostly tropical, but temperate in south
Terrain: mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north; some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow
coastal belt
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m
highest point: Pico da Neblina 3,014 m
Natural resources: bauxite, gold, iron ore, manganese, nickel, phosphates, platinum, tin,
uranium, petroleum, hydropower, timber
Land use:
arable land: 5%
permanent crops: 1%
permanent pastures: 22%
forests and woodland: 58%
other: 14% (1993 est.)
Irrigated land: 28,000 sq km (1993 est.)
Natural hazards: recurring droughts in northeast; floods and occasional frost in south
Environment—current issues: deforestation in Amazon Basin destroys the habitat and
endangers the existence of a multitude of plant and animal species indigenous to the area;
air and water pollution in Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, and several other large cities; land
degradation and water pollution caused by improper mining activities
Environment—international agreements:
party to: Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate
Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Environmental Modification, Hazardous
Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship
Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands, Whaling signed, but not
ratified: none of the selected agreements
Geography—note: largest country in South America; shares common boundaries with
every South American country except Chile and Ecuador
People
Population: 169,806,557 (July 1998 est.)
note: Brazil took a census in August 1996 which showed a total of 157,079,573; this figure
is about 5% lower than projections by the US Census Bureau, which is close to the implied
underenumeration of 4.6% for 1991; since the full results of the census have not been
released for analysis, the numbers shown for Brazil do not take into consideration the
results of this 1996 census
Age structure:
0-14 years: 30% (male 26,090,859; female 25,132,122)
15-64 years: 65% (male 54,199,642; female 55,769,122)
65 years and over: 5% (male 3,499,272; female 5,115,540) (July 1998 est.)
Population growth rate: 1.24% (1998 est.)
Birth rate: 20.92 births/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Death rate: 8.53 deaths/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Net migration rate: -0.03 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1998 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.68 male(s)/female (1998 est.)
Infant mortality rate: 36.96 deaths/1,000 live births (1998 est.)
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 64.36 years
male: 59.39 years
female: 69.59 years (1998 est.)
Total fertility rate: 2.33 children born/woman (1998 est.)
Nationality:
noun: Brazilian(s)
adjective: Brazilian
Ethnic groups: white (includes Portuguese, German, Italian, Spanish, Polish) 55%, mixed
white and black 38%, black 6%, other (includes Japanese, Arab, Amerindian) 1%
Religions: Roman Catholic (nominal) 70%
Languages: Portuguese (official), Spanish, English, French
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 83.3%
male: 83.3%
female: 83.2% (1995 est.)
Government
Country name:
conventional long form: Federative Republic of Brazil
conventional short form: Brazil
local long form: Republica Federativa do Brasil
local short form: Brasil
Data code: BR
Government type: federal republic
National capital: Brasilia
Administrative divisions: 26 states (estados, singular—estado) and 1 federal district*
(distrito federal); Acre, Alagoas, Amapa, Amazonas, Bahia, Ceara, Distrito Federal*,
Espirito Santo, Goias, Maranhao, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Minas Gerais, Para,
Paraiba, Parana, Pernambuco, Piaui, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande do Norte, Rio Grande do
Sul, Rondonia, Roraima, Santa Catarina, Sao Paulo, Sergipe, Tocantins
Independence: 7 September 1822 (from Portugal)
National holiday: Independence Day, 7 September (1822)
Constitution: 5 October 1988
Legal system: based on Roman codes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage: voluntary between 16 and 18 years of age and over 70; compulsory over 18 and
under 70 years of age
Executive branch:
chief of state: President Fernando Henrique CARDOSO (since 1 January 1995); Vice
President Marco MACIEL (since 1 January 1995); note - the president is both the chief of
state and head of government
head of government: President Fernando Henrique CARDOSO (since 1 January 1995);
Vice President Marco MACIEL (since 1 January 1995); note - the president is both the
chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president
elections: president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for fouryear terms; election last held 4 October 1998 (next to be held NA October 2002)
election results: Fernando Henrique CARDOSO reelected president; percent of vote - 53%
Legislative branch: bicameral National Congress or Congresso Nacional consists of the
Federal Senate or Senado Federal (81 seats; three members from each state or federal
district elected according to the principle of majority to serve eight-year terms; one-third
elected after a four year period, two-thirds elected after the next four-year period) and the
Chamber of Deputies or Camara dos Deputados (513 seats; members are elected by
proportional representation to serve four-year terms)
elections: Federal Senate - last held 4 October 1998 for one-third of Senate (next to be held
NA
October 2002 for two-thirds of the Senate); Chamber of Deputies - last held 4 October
1998 (next to be held NA October 2002)
election results: Federal Senate - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PMDB
27,
PFL 20, PSDB 16, PT 7, PPB 5, PSB 3, PDT 2, PPS 1; Chamber of Deputies - percent of
vote by
party - NA%; seats by party - PFL 106, PSDB 99, PMDB 82, PPB 60, PT 58, PTB 31,
PDT 25,
PSB 19, PL 12, PCdoB 7, other 14
Judicial branch: Supreme Federal Tribunal, 11 judges are appointed for life by the
president and confirmed by the Senate
Political parties and leaders: Brazilian Democratic Movement Party or PMDB [Paes DE
ANDRADE, president]; Liberal Front Party or PFL [Jose JORGE, president]; Workers'
Party or
PT [Jose DIRCEU, president]; Brazilian Workers' Party or PTB [Rodrigues PALMA,
president];
Democratic Labor Party or PDT [Leonel BRIZOLA, president]; Brazilian Progressive
Party or PPB [Espiridiao AMIN, president]; Brazilian Social Democracy Party or PSDB
[Artur DA TAVOLA, president]; Popular Socialist Party or PPS [Roberto FREIRE,
president]; Communist Party of Brazil or PCdoB [Joao AMAZONAS, chairman]; Liberal
Party or PL [Alvaro VALLE, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders: left wing of the Catholic Church, Landless Worker's
Movement, and labor unions allied to leftist Workers' Party are critical of government's
social and economic policies
International organization participation: AfDB, AG (observer), BIS (pending member),
CCC,
ECLAC, FAO, G-11, G-15, G-19, G-24, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU,
ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Inmarsat, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC,
IOM (observer), ISO, ITU, LAES, LAIA, Mercosur, MIPONUH, MONUA, MTCR, NAM
(observer), NSG, OAS, OPANAL, PCA, RG, UN, UN Security Council (temporary),
UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNMOP, UNPREDEP, UNU, UPU, WCL,
WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Diplomatic representation in the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Rubens Antonio BARBOSA
chancery: 3006 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008
telephone: [1] (202) 238-2700
FAX: [1] (202) 238-2827
consulate(s) general: Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New York,
San
Juan (Puerto Rico), and San Francisco
Diplomatic representation from the US:
chief of mission: Ambassador Anthony S. HARRINGTON
embassy: Avenida das Nacoes, Quadra 801, Lote 3, Brasilia, Distrito Federal Cep 70403900 Brazil
mailing address: Unit 3500, APO AA 34030
telephone: [55] (61) 321-7272
FAX: [55] (61) 225-9136
consulate(s) general: Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo
consulate(s): Recife
Flag description: green with a large yellow diamond in the center bearing a blue celestial
globe with 27 white five-pointed stars (one for each state and the Federal District) arranged
in the same pattern as the night sky over Brazil; the globe has a white equatorial band with
the motto ORDEM E PROGRESSO (Order and Progress)
Economy - overview: Possessing large and well-developed agricultural, mining,
manufacturing, and service sectors, Brazil's economy outweighs that of all other South
American countries and is expanding its presence in world markets. In the late eighties and
early nineties, high inflation hindered economic activity and investment. The Real Plan,
instituted in the spring of 1994, sought to break inflationary expectations by pegging the
real to the US dollar. Inflation was brought down to single digit annual figures, but not fast
enough to avoid substantial real exchange rate appreciation during the transition phase of
the Real Plan. This appreciation meant that Brazilian goods were now more expensive
relative to goods from other countries, which contributed to large current account deficits.
However, no shortage of foreign currency ensued because of the financial community's
renewed interest in Brazilian markets as inflation rates stabilized and the debt crisis of the
eighties faded from memory. The maintenance of large current account deficits via capital
account surpluses became problematic as investors became more risk averse to emerging
market exposure as a consequence of the Asian financial crisis in 1997 and the Russian
bond default in August 1998. After crafting a fiscal adjustment program and pledging
progress on structural reform, Brazil received a $41.5 billion IMF-led international support
program in November 1998. In January 1999, the Brazilian Central Bank announced that
the real would no longer be pegged to the US dollar. This devaluation helped moderate the
downturn in economic growth in 1999 that investors had expressed concerns about over the
summer of 1998. Brazil's debt to GDP ratio of 48% for 1999 beat the IMF target and
helped reassure investors that Brazil will maintain tight fiscal and monetary policy even
with a floating currency.
GDP: purchasing power parity - $1.057 trillion (1999 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 0.8% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $6,150 (1999 est.)
GDP - composition by sector:
agriculture: 14%
industry: 36%
services: 50% (1997)
Population below poverty line: 17.4% (1990 est.)
Household income or consumption by percentage share:
lowest 10%: 0.8%
highest 10%: 47.9% (1995)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 5% (1999)
Labor force: 74 million (1997 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: services 42%, agriculture 31%, industry 27%
Unemployment rate: 7.5% (1999 est.)
Budget:
revenues: $151 billion
expenditures: $149 billion, including capital expenditures of $36 billion (1998)
Industries: textiles, shoes, chemicals, cement, lumber, iron ore, tin, steel, aircraft, motor
vehicles and parts, other machinery and equipment
Industrial production growth rate: -2.6% (1999 est.)
Electricity - production: 316.927 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - production by source:
fossil fuel: 4.92%
hydro: 91.02%
nuclear: 0.99%
other: 3.07% (1998)
Electricity - consumption: 336.242 billion kWh (1998)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (1998)
Electricity - imports: 41.5 billion kWh
note: imports electricity from Paraguay (1998)
Agriculture - products: coffee, soybeans, wheat, rice, corn, sugarcane, cocoa, citrus; beef
Exports: $46.9 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Exports - commodities: manufactures, iron ore, soybeans, footwear, coffee
Exports - partners: US 18%, Argentina 13%, Germany 5%, Netherlands 5%, Japan 4%
(1999)
Imports: $48.7 billion (f.o.b., 1999)
Imports - commodities: machinery and equipment, chemical products, oil, electricity
Imports - partners: US 23%, Argentina 12%, Germany 10%, Japan 5%, Italy 5% (1999)
Debt - external: $200 billion (1999)
Economic aid - recipient: $1.012 billion (1995)
Currency: 1 real (R$) = 100 centavos
Exchange rates: reals (R$) per US$1 - 1.804 (January 2000), 1.815 (1999), 1.161 (1998),
1.078 (1997), 1.005 (1996), 0.918 (1995)
note: from October 1994 through 14 January 1999, the official rate was determined by a
managed float; since 15 January 1999, the official rate floats independently with respect to
the US$
Fiscal year: calendar year
Communications
Telephones - main lines in use: 19 million (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular: 4 million (1997)
Telephone system: good working system
domestic: extensive microwave radio relay system and a domestic satellite system with 64
earth stations
international: 3 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (Atlantic
Ocean), 1
Inmarsat (Atlantic Ocean region east), connected by microwave relay system to
MERCOSUR
Brazilsat B3 satellite earth station
Radio broadcast stations: AM 1,365, FM 296, shortwave 161 (of which 91 are collocated
with
AM stations) (1999)
Radios: 71 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations: 138 (1997)
Televisions: 36.5 million (1997)
Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 197 (1999)
Transportation
Railways:
total: 27,882 km (1,122 km electrified); note - excludes urban rail
broad gauge: 4,057 km 1.600-m gauge
narrow gauge: 23,489 km 1.000-m gauge
dual gauge: 336 km 1.000-m and 1.600-m gauges (three rails) (1999 est.)
Highways:
total: 1.98 million km
paved: 184,140 km
unpaved: 1,795,860 km (1996 est.)
Waterways: 50,000 km navigable
Pipelines: crude oil 2,980 km; petroleum products 4,762 km; natural gas 4,246 km (1998)
Ports and harbors: Belem, Fortaleza, Ilheus, Imbituba, Manaus, Paranagua, Porto Alegre,
Recife, Rio de Janeiro, Rio Grande, Salvador, Santos, Vitoria
Merchant marine:
total: 174 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 3,964,808 GRT/6,403,284 DWTships by
type: bulk 34, cargo 28, chemical tanker 5, combination ore/oil 9, container 10, liquified
gas 10, multi-functional large load carrier 1, passenger/cargo 5, petroleum tanker 59,
refrigerated cargo 1, roll-on/roll-off 11, short-sea passenger 1 (1999 est.)
Airports: 3,277 (1999 est.)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 541
over 3,047 m: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 20
1,524 to 2,437 m: 138
914 to 1,523 m: 346
under 914 m: 32 (1999 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 2,736
1,524 to 2,437 m: 73
914 to 1,523 m: 1,306
under 914 m: 1,357 (1999 est.)
Military
Military branches: Brazilian Army, Brazilian Navy (includes naval air and marines),
Brazilian Air Force, Federal Police (paramilitary)
Military manpower - military age: 18 years of age
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 47,732,285 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 32,029,873 (2000 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 1,830,195 (2000 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure: $13.408 billion (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 1.9% (FY99)
Transnational Issues
Disputes - international: two short sections of boundary with Uruguay are in dispute –
Arroio Invernada (Arroyo de la Invernada) area of the Rio Quarai (Rio Cuareim) and the
islands at the confluence of the Rio Quarai and the Uruguay River
Illicit drugs: limited illicit producer of cannabis, minor coca cultivation in the Amazon
region, mostly used for domestic consumption; government has a large-scale eradication
program to control cannabis; important transshipment country for Bolivian, Colombian,
and Peruvian cocaine headed for the US and Europe; increasingly used by traffickers as a
way station for narcotics air transshipments between Peru and Colombia; upsurge in drugrelated violence and weapons smuggling.
Chemically Related Trade and Industry in Brazil
(Source: Chemical Industry Notes, 1999, 2000, 2001)
Highlights
♦ Sales of more than US$ 50 billion annually by the chemicals and pharmaceuticals
industries make Brazil the 7th largest chemical producing country worldwide.
♦ Of these figures, chemical products accounted for 40% sales and pharmaceuticals 21%
- local demand accounted for 91% of the sales.
♦ The multinational companies which post the largest sales in Brazil concentrate on
specialty chemicals and consumer products.
♦ Key chemical capacities (metric tons/year): butadiene: 264; chlorine: 1,305; EO: 231;
EG: 271; Formaldehyde: 522; MDI: 30; PVC: 659.
♦ The chemical industry is the largest industrial sector in Brazil, and when considered as
a whole, represents more than 18% of the manufacturing added value.
♦ Chemical Sector Shipments - 2000 (US$ billion - without taxes): Industrial Chemicals
22.4; Pharmaceuticals 6.0; Perfumes and Cosmetics 3.5; Fertilizers 2.7;
Agrochemicals 2.4; Soaps and detergents 2.3; Paints and coatings 1.5; Man-made
fibers 0.9; Others 0.6; Total 42.3
♦ Although producing more than US$ 40 billion annually of chemical products, Brazil
has been a traditional net importer of such products, and the deficit has increased in the
past few years.
♦ Year 2000 figures show a chemical products trade deficit of US$ 6,593 million.
Exports reached US$ 4,030 million and imports were US$ 10,623 million.
♦ Brazil is Latin America’s largest producer of steel with an 1999 annual output projected
at 25.1 million tons.
♦ Brazil represents more than half of the estimated US$5.7 billion detergents market for
the MERCOSUL countries of South America.
♦ According to Jupiter, about 5.8 million of Latin America's 10.6 million Internet users
last year were Brazilians, while the country accounted for 63% of all e-commerce
transactions in the region.
♦ In 1999, Brazilian companies added close to 700,000 metric tons of new capacity to
make polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyethylene terephthalate,
expanding their installed plastics production base of 3 million tons per year by almost
25%.
♦ Most of these facilities were installed at or near the Triunfo petrochemical complex in
southern Brazil to take advantage of expansion of the site’s ethylene plant--one of
Brazil’s three ethylene complexes--from 685,000 to 1.13 million metric tons per year.
♦ Looking at the Brazilian chemical industry as a whole, the net revenues for this sector
in 1999 are US$ 36.2 billion, down some 15% in US dollars compared to 1998.
♦ The total shipments of industrial chemicals in 2000 was around US$ 22.4 billion, and
with this value the total shipments of the chemical sector was around US$ 42.3 billion.
♦ Per capita chemical sector consumption in Brazil went from 10.2 kilograms in 1990 to
♦
♦
♦
♦
♦
21.3 kilograms in 1999 . Total consumption increased 10.1% per year, going from 1.47
MM tons in 1990 to 3.48 MM tons in 1999.
Brazil has vast mineral resources, particularly in the states of Para, Minas Gerais and
Rondonia. It is a major world producer and exporter of iron ore and bauxite.
Brazil is the world leader in production and reserves of niobium/colombium and the
world's top producer of tantalite.
Important developments include the opening of the Grande Caraja mine, which is
estimated to hold theworld's largest iron ore reserves (18bn tonnes).
Brazil is the world's seventh-largest producer of gold. Exports are mainly carried out
through the informal market.
Brazil contains the second largest oil reserves in South America (after Venezuela),
at 7.4 billion barrels
US Intl Trade with Brazil Overall and Chemicals and Related Products
(source: www.ita.doc.gov)
U.S. Trade by Commodity with Brazil
(Millions of Dollars)
SIT rev 3 Commodity
C
_________ EXPORTS _________
0 Food And Live Animals
1 Beverages And Tobacco
2 Crude Materials, Inedible, Except Fuels
3 Mineral Fuels, Lubricants And Related
Materials
4 Animal And Vegetable Oils, Fats And
Waxes
5 Chemicals And Related Products
6 Manufactured Goods Classified Chiefly
By Material
7 Machinery And Transport Equipment
8 Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles
9 Commodities & Transactions Not
Classified Elsewher
.
TOTAL
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2,000
268
92
386
446
361
57
418
574
208
24
557
515
347
14
324
406
144
6
239
304
13
1
25
23
22
10
15
17
5
0
2,236
855
2,262
831
2,728
1,084
2,774
925
2,538
770
2,853
67
5,869
1,043
226
6,700
1,221
265
8,943
1,535
304
8,690
1,348
311
7,851
1,085
307
938
103
35
11,444 12,699 15,912 15,157 13,249 15,361
Key Chemically Related US Export Commodities
in the Top 20 in US$ ‘000
(source: www.ita.doc.gov)
Organo-Inorganic & Heterocyclic Compounds
Insecticides, Disinfectants
Medicaments (Including Veterinary Medicaments)
Plastics
Miscellaneous Chemical Products
_________ IMPORTS _________
Food And Live Animals
Beverages And Tobacco
Crude Materials, Inedible, Except Fuels
Mineral Fuels, Lubricants And Related
Materials
Animal And Vegetable Oils, Fats And
Waxes
Chemicals And Related Products
Manufactured Goods Classified Chiefly
By Material
Machinery And Transport Equipment
Miscellaneous Manufactured Articles
Commodities & Transactions Not
Classified Elsewher
TOTAL
1995 1996
250 275
106 114
47
77
148 155
76 103
1995 1996
1,089 1,072
143 297
805 687
129 161
Total
1998
432
227
164
181
164
1999
338
208
204
175
160
1997
1,138
309
829
145
1998
1,153
113
877
262
1999
1,319
143
973
290
2000
1,082
145
1,136
794
23
29
20
16
16
399 459
2,452 2,171
446
2,276
471
2,256
488
2,463
675
2,920
1,950 2,019
1,501 1,509
316 365
2,468
1,475
514
3,106
1,372
492
3,569
1,351
701
4,299
1,657
1,130
8,815 8,762
9,630 10,122
11,314
13,854
31
Brazilian Chemical Output '98-00
in $USbn
source: ABIQUIM
Industrial Chemicals
Pharmaceuticals
Costmetics & Toiletries
Fertilzers
Soaps & Detergents
Agrochemicals
Paints & Coatings
Synthetic Fibers
Others
1997
403
171
126
180
144
‘98
18.5
8.2
4.1
2.9
2.2
2.6
2
1.1
0.6
42.2
‘99
17.1
6.1
3.1
2.2
2.2
2.3
1.4
0.9
0.5
35.8
‘00
22.4
6
3.5
2.7
2.3
2.4
1.5
0.9
0.6
42.3
Leading Chemical Companies in Brazil
(source: www.abiquim.br)
COMPANY
1997 SALES (US$M) ORIGIN
1222
Brazil
Copene
1096
Germany
BASF
White Martins
Copesul
OPP
DuPont
1013
758
752
596
USA
Brazil
Brazil
USA
Bayer
594
Germany
PQU
Trikem
574
572
Brazil
Brazil
Rhodia
542
France
Manah
Dow
415
388
Brazil
USA
Fertilizantes Serrana
Ultrafertil
Oxiteno
384
364
363
Argentina
Brazil
Brazil
Solvay
361
Belgium
Rhodia-Ster
Petroflex
Polibrasil
Politeno
Cyanamid
Ipiranga Petroquimica
338
326
323
300
298
297
France
Brazil
Brazil
Brazil
USA
Brazil
MAIN PRODUCTS
Basic Organic Products
Plastics, Dyes, Paints
Agrochemicals
Industrial Gases
Polyolefins
Intermediate Chemical
Products, Fibers,
Agrochemicals
Plastics, Intermediates for
Polyurethane, Dyes,
Agrochemicals,
Pharmaceuticals,
Consumer Products
PVC, Chlorine, Caustic
Soda
Intermediate Chemical
Products, Agrochemicals,
Pharmaceuticals
Fertilizers
Polystyrene, Intermediates
for Polyurethane,
Chlorine, Caustic Soda,
Agrochemicals
Fertilizers
Fertilizers
EO Derivatives and
Surficants
PVC, hdPE, Chlorine,
Caustic Soda
PET
SBR, Polybutadiene
Polyproylene
Polyethylene
Agrochemicals
Polyolefins
Lab Instrumentation - Brazil
(Source: www.stat-usa.gov)
The Brazilian market for industrial instrumentation and analytical equipment is very
competitive with active participation by several Brazilian and foreign companies. The US$
150 million market is supplied 45% by imports primarily made-up of industrial analysis
equipment. New industries being installed in Brazil stimulate current and future demand for
instrumentation and analytical equipment. Strongest new investment growth areas
in Brazil include sugar mills, cement, pulp and paper, petrochemical, steel, sanitation, food,
automotive and chemical industries. Also, the opening of the petroleum sector will
generate business for industrial instrumentation and analytical sectors.
Most competitive U.S. exports include chromatographs, spectrometers,
spectrophotometers, laboratory equipment and analysis, flow meters and pressure and
temperature gauges.
Lab Analytical Instruments: US Exports to Brazil in US$1,000
(source: www.ita.doc.gov/td/instrumentation)
Country 1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
Brazil
28,476 46,290 56,209 60,955 58,156 56,002
Higher Education - Brazil
(Source: UNESCO; World of Learning; RELAQ)
Structure of system
Higher education is provided in federal, state, municipal, private universities and other
institutions, federations and independent establishments. The universities are composed of
faculties or schools; their internal organization is based on the departamento which is
linked to schools, faculties or centers. The two supreme bodies are the Conselho
Universitario (University Council) and the Conselho de Ensino e Pesquisa (Council for
Graduate Studies and Research). The main characteristic of university administration is its
collegial functioning. Federations are associations of institutions which offer more varied,
better integrated courses and greater administrative efficiency. The establishments of
higher education consist of faculties, schools, centres, academies or institutes with
relatively few students which offer instruction in one or two subjects. They are mostly
private. The two main bodies responsible for postgraduate education, science and
technology at postgraduate level are the Fundação da Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de
Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) and Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento
Científico e Tecnologico (CNPq). The Conselho de Reitores das Universidades Brasileiras
(CRUB)is a liaison body on which are represented all the federal, state and private
universities. All levels of higher education use the semester system. A National Council
for Education (CNE) was recently created to replace the Federal Council for Education.
Main types of higher education institutions in country
Type of institution: UNIVERSIDADE PUBLICA FEDERAL
Translation: PUBLIC FEDERAL UNIVERSITY
Type of institution: UNIVERSIDADE PUBLICA ESTADUAL
Translation: PUBLIC STATE UNIVERSITY
Type of institution: UNIVERSIDADE PUBLICA MUNICIPAL
Translation: PUBLIC CITY UNIVERSITY
Type of institution: UNIVERSIDADES CONFESSIONAIS
Translation: RELIGIOUS UNIVERSITIES
Type of institution: UNIVERSIDADES COMUNITARIAS
Translation: COMMUNITY UNIVERSITIES
Type of institution: UNIVERSIDADES PRIVADAS
Translation: PRIVATE UNIVERSITIES
Type of institution: FUNDACOES UNIVERSITARIAS
Translation: UNIVERSITY FOUNDATIONS
Main laws/decrees governing higher education
Name of law/decree: 5.540/68
Date: 28 November, 1968
Institution type: Higher education and integration with secondary school
Administrative structure of higher education
Name of body: Ministry of Education and Sports
Role: Administration of Higher Education in the Country
Address:
Street: Esplanada dos Ministerios - bloco L
City: Brasilia
State/Province: DF
Postal code: 70047-900
Telephone: 55-61-225-6515
Fax: 55-61-224-3618
Internet: http://www.mec.gov.br
Academic year
Classes start: March
Classes end: December
Long vacation: from 15 December, to 28 February
Languages of instruction
Portuguese
Highlights
♦ The federal universities in Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais) and mostly at the public
universities supported by the São Paulo state (the Universities of São Paulo and
Campinas) employ most of the active researchers in Brazil, in all fields.
♦ In Brazil today, only 16 percent of academic faculty in hold a doctoral degree—
concentrated in a few places, such as the universities in the State of São Paulo—
compared with 25 percent with M.A.s, 36 percent with some kind of specialist degree,
and 22 percent with an undergraduate diploma.
♦ To control the quality of graduate education, the Brazilian Ministry of Education
maintains an elaborate and well-reputed system of peer review evaluation for the 1,293
programs half of which doctoral degrees.
♦ Most students in Chemistry and Chemical Engineering MS and PhD programs in Brazil
have a BS in Chemistry or Chemical Eng., but it is also usual to have people graduated
in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Physics and Biology.
♦ There is no general rule for admission, but most courses usually make an interview and
take a knowledge exam of the candidates.
♦ Brazil’s government spends heavily on higher education: 1.2% of GDP , compared with
0.7% in Argentina and an average of 0.9% among the richer countries of the OECD .
♦ Although the total number of university places has grown by 50% since 1980, the
proportion of young people in higher education is still well below the international
average.
♦ The number of doctorates awarded in the chemical sciences in Brazil grew from 157 in
90/91 to 380 in 96/97 with the average completion time being 60 months.
♦ In 1996, Brazil introduced a controversial national exam known as the provao, aimed at
testing universities by testing their final year students. Inspectors are sent in to check on
the state of libraries and laboratories, staff qualifications, and teaching methods.
Around a hundred courses have been placed under threat of closure unless they shape
up quickly.
Faculties of Chemical Sciences- Brazil
(Source: Relaq and university websites, 1999)
Universidades en Brasil
Instituto Militar de Engenharia (IME)
Departamento de Engenharia Química
Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUC/PR)
Rua Imaculada Conceição, 1.155. Prado Velho. CEP 80215-901
Curitiba, PR. Tel. (041) 330-1515. RIEP - Tel. (041) 330-1614
Centro de Ciências Exatas e Tecnologia - CCET
Engenharia Química
Química Industrial
Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde - CCBS
Farmacia
Universidade Católica de Brasília (UCB)
Faculdades de Filosofia Ciências e Letras
Ciências Licenciatura Plena com habilitação em Química
Universidade Federal da Bahia (UFBA)
Rua Professor Augusto Vianna, s/n
Canela
40.000 Salvador, Bahia
Tel: (071)245-2811 y 245-0878
Instituto de Química
Campus Universitário de Ondina
Salvador - BA. Brasil, CEP.:40.170-290
Tel.:(071) 237-5784
Fax:(071) 237-4117
Departamento de Química Orgânica
Departamento de Química Geral e Inorgânica
Departamento de Química Analítica
Departamento de Físico-química
Lic. em Química
Lic. em Química Industrial
Mestrado em Química Orgânica
Mestrado em Química Inorgânica
Mestrado em Química Analítica
Mestrado em Físico-Química
Doutorado em Química Analítica
Faculdade de Farmácia
Escola Politécnica
Engenharia Química
Mestrado em Engenharia Química
Universidade de Brasília (UnB)
Departamento de Línguas Estrangeiras e Tradução
Campus Universitário - Multiuso I Sala 49
70000 Brasília - DF
Tel: (61)348-2533
Fax: (61)349-7499
Universidade Federal do Ceará - UFC
Centro de Ciências
Depto. de Química Orgânica e Inorgânica
Campus do Pici - Bloco 940
Fortaleza - Ceara CEP:60455-760
Telefone: (085) 288.9977
Fax: (085) 288.9978
Química
Química Industrial
Licenc. Química
Doutorado em Química Orgânica
Doutorado em Química Inorgânica
Depto. de Bioquímica e Biologia Molecular
Campus do Pici - Bloco 907
Fortaleza - Ceara CEP: 60455-760
Telefone: (085)288.9817
Fax: (085)288.9829
Mestrado em Bioquímica, na área de Bioquímica Vegetal
Doutorado em Bioquímica, na área de Bioquímica Vegetal
Centro de Ciências da Saúde
Departamento de Farmácia
Rua Capitão Francisco Pedro, 1210
Rodolfo Teófilo - Campus do Porangabuçu
CEP 60.430-370
Fortaleza - Ceará - Brasil
Telefones: (085) 243.9274
Farmácia
Centro de Tecnologia
Engenharia Química
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo (UFES)
Campus Universitário
Goiaberas
29.000 Vitória, Espírito Santo
Tel: (027)227-4733
Centro de Ciências Exatas (CCE)
Prédio IC-1 - 1º pavimento e prédio de laboratórios
Av. Fernando Ferrari s/n - Campus Universitário
Goiabeiras - Vitória-ES - CEP 29060-900
Fone (027) 335-2486
Departamento de Química
Licenciatura em Química
Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais (UFMG)
Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Campus Pampuhla
31270-010 CP 1621, Belo Horizonte, MG
tel: 31.448.1000; fax: 31.441.9354
Licenciatura e Bacharelado em Química
Mestrado nas áreas de Físico-Química, Química Analítica, Química Inorgânica e Química
Orgânica.
Doutorado Físico-Química, Química Inorgânica e Química Orgânica
Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR)
Novembro, 1.299, Centro
Curitiba - PR
CEP: 81530-900
Tel: (41)362-3038
Fax: (41)262-5643, 264-2791
Setor de Ciências Exatas
Licenciatura em Química
Mestrado em Química, Área de Concentração Química Orgânica
Mestrado em Química, Área de Concentração Química Inorgânica
Setor de Tecnologia
Engenharia Química
Mestrado em Tecnologia Química
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN)
Campus Universitário, s/n
Lagoa Nova
59.000 Natal, Rio Grande do Norte
Tel: (84)231-1314 y 231-1315
Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS)
Av. Paulo Gama, 110
Porto Alegre - RS - Brasil
CEP: 90.046-900
Fone: +55 51 316-7000
FAX: +55 51 227-2295
Escola de Engenharia
Rua Eng. Luíz Englert s/n2
Centro - Porto Alegre, RS
CEP: 90040-040
Telefones: (051) 228-1633 R3110, (051) 228-1633 R3444
Fax: (051) 226-1171
Pós-Graduação em Engenharia Química
Farmacêutico Bioquímico em Análises Clínicas
Farmacêutico Bioquímico em Alimentos
Farmacêutico Industrial
Doutorado em Ciências Farmacêuticas
Biblioteca Setorial do Instituto de Química
Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500
Pavilhão 43122 (antigo E-1)
Bairro Agronomia
91540-000 Porto Alegre - RS
Tel: (051)336-8399, 336-9822
Fax: (051)336-3699
e-mail: [email protected]
Pontíficia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUC/RS)
Av. Ipiranga, 6881, Partenon
90001 - 970 Porto Alegre - RS
Tel: (51)236-9400
Setor Biomédico
Farmácia
Setor Técnico-Científico
Química
Biblioteca Central Irmão José Otão - PUCRS on Line
LIGDOC: Serviço de Busca de Documentos a Distância
Universidade Católica de Pelotas (UCPEL)
Rua Félix da Cunha, 412
Centro
96.100 Pelotas, Rio Grande do Sul
Tel: (53)225-3455
Escola de Farmácia e Bioquímica
Farmácia e Bioquímica
Escola de Química
Licenciatura en Química
Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM)
Faixa Camobi, Km. 9
Campus Universitário
Caixa Postal No. 248
97.100 Santa Maria, RGS
Tel: (55)226-1616
Fax: (55)221-6959
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ)
Av. Brigadeiro Trompowsky, s/n. llha do Fundão
21941 - 590 Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Tel: (021)290-0212, 230-3927
Química
Mestrado em Físico-Química
Mestrado em Bioquímica
Doutorado em Química Orgânica
Doutorado em Química Inorgânica
Doutorado em Físico-Química
Doutorado em Bioquímica
Escola de Química
Química Industrial
Engenharia Química
Mestrado em Engenharia Química: Tecnologia de Processos Químicos e
Bioquímicos
Doutorado em Engenharia Química: Tecnologia de Processos Químicos e
Bioquímicos
Núcleo de Pesquisas de Produtos Naturais
Mestrado em Química de Produtos Naturais
Doutorado em Química de Produtos Naturais
Instituto de Macromoléculas
Mestrado em Química: Ciência e Tecnologia de Polímeros
Doutorado em Química: Ciência e Tecnologia de Polímeros
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas
Mestrado em Bioquímica: Química Biológica
Doutorado em Bioquímica: Química Biológica
Instituto Alberto Luiz Coimbra de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa de Engenharia
(COPPE/UFRJ)
Mestrado em Engenharia Química
Doutorado em Engenharia Química
Enrollment in undergraduate and graduate courses in Chemistry and Chemical
Engineering at UFRJ
Course/Year
95
96
97
98
99
BS (Chemistry)
50
50
50
45
42
BS (Chem. Eng.)
240
230
230
230
230
MS (Chemistry)a
55
41
37
29
33
PhD (Chemistry)a
55
31
19
27
36
MS (Chem. Eng.)b
20-25
20-25
20-25
20-25
20-25
PhD (Chem. Eng.)b
15-20
15-20
15-20
15-20
15-20
MS (Polymer)c
13
19
16
19
6
PhD (Polymer)c
13
6
14
7
13
MS (Chemical and Biochem. Process Tech.)d
30
35
39
26
51
PhD (Chemical and Biochem. Process Tech.)d
12
11
16
9
18
a
MS and PhD in Organic, Inorganic, Physical Chemistry and Biochemistry.
b
c
MS and PhD in Chemical Engineering. Average values.
MS and PhD in Science and Technology of Polymer.
d
MS and PhD in Chemical and Biochemical Process Technology. Numbers may include
specialization course, where students take the credits of graduate course, but do not defend
a thesis.
Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ)
Pública Rua São Francisco Xavier, 524
Maracanã
20.550 - Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Tel: (21)284-8322
Centro de Tecnologia e Ciências
Pontíficia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro (PUC-RIO)
Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 255
Gávea
22451 Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Tel: (021)274-9922
Fax: (021)259-1893
Biblioteca Central
Rua Marquês de São Vicente, 225-Ala Frings
Gávea
22453-900 Rio de Janeiro - RJ
Tel: (021)529-9279 ou 529-9248
Fax: (021)274-4197
Universidade Federal Fluminense (UFF)
Química
Química Industrial
Engenharia Química
Farmácia
Complexo Universitário do Norte Fluminense (CUNF)
Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense (UENF)
Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia (CCT)
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC
Público
Campus Universitário, s/n Trindade
88010-970 Florianópolis - SC
Tel: (048) 231-9219
Fax: (048) 231-9711
Centro de Ciências Físicas e Matemáticas
Especialidad en Química Inorgánica
Especialidad en Química Orgánica
Especialidad en Química Analítica
Especialidad en Físico Química
Lic. en Química
Centro Tecnológico
Caixa Postal 476
88.040-900 Florianópolis, SC - Brasil
Fone: +55 (0)48 231-9448
FAX: +55 (0)48 231-9687
E-mail: [email protected]
Laboratório Interdisciplinar de Materiais - EMC/UFSC
Maestría en Química
Doctorado en Química
Biblioteca Central
Campus Universitário - Trindade
Caixa Postal 476
88040-900 Florianópolis - SC
Tel: (048)231-9310 ou 231-9511
Fax: (048)231-9603
Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
Rua da Reitoria, 109, Butanta
05340-901 São Paulo - SP
Tel: (11)210-0228, 211-0011 y 210-0309
Fax: (11)815-4272
Divisão de Biblioteca e Documentacão
Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 950
Cidade Universitária
05508-900 Sáo Paulo - SP
Tel: (011)818-3823 ou 818-3670 ou 813-7251
Fax: (011)212-8194
Pontíficia Universidade Católica de São Paulo (PUC/SP)
Rua Monte Alegre, 98
Perdizes
05.014 São Paulo - SP
Tel: (11)263-0211
Universidade Estadual Paulista "Julio de Mesquita Filho" - UNESP
Praça da Sé, 108
01.001 São Paulo - SP
Tel: (11)232-7171
Biblioteca do Instituto de Química
Rua Prof. Francisco Degni, s/n
Caixa Postal 355
14800-900 Araraquara - SP
Tel: (0162)32-2022 ramais 134/135
Fax: (0162)22-5987
Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP)
Caixa Postal 6045
Cidade Universitária "Zeferino Vaz"
Distr. de Barão Geraldo
13081 - 970 Campinas - SP
Tel: (192)39-8596
Chemically Related Trade Associations and Professional Societies – Brazil
(Source: ACS/IAO, Relaq)
Associação Brasileira da Indústria Farmacêutica (ABIFARMA)
Rua Beira Rio, 57 - 7o andar
Vila Olimpia
04548-050 Sãu Paulo - SP - Brasil
Tel: (011) 820-3775
Fax: (011) 822-6628
Associação Brasileira da Indústria Farmacoquímica (ABIQUIF)
Avenida Calógeras, 15 - 10 andar
20030-070 Tel: (021) 220-3005
Fax: (021) 220-3005
Associação Brasileira da Indústria Química e de Productos DerivadoS (ABIQUIM)
Rua Santo Antonio, 184-17o. e 18o. andares
Bela Vista
01314-900 São Pasulo - SP
Tel: (011)232-1144 ramal 225 (Biblioteca)
Fax: (011)232-0919
Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Óleos Essenciais, Productos Químicos
Aromáticos,
Fragrâncias, Aromas e Afins (ABIFRA)
Av. Brigadeiro Faria Lima, 1570 Cj. 72
Jardim Paulistano
Tel: (011)813-5431
Fax: (011)212-4075
Associação Brasileira das Indústrias de Química Fina, Biotecnologia e suas
Especialidades
(ABIFINA)
Av. Nilo Peçanha, 151-4o. andar (Sala 415)
Tel: (021)240-2280
Fax: (021)220-9287
Associação Brasileira de Engenharia Química (ABEQ)
Rua Líbero Badaró, 152 - 11o andar - Centro
Tel: (011) 607-8747
Fax: (011) 604-4649
Home page: http://www.abeq.org.br
Associação Brasileira de Química (ABQ)
Rua Alcindo Guanabara, 24 Conj. 1606
20031-130 Rio de Janeiro - RJ(brO Tel: (021)262-1837
Fax: (021)262-6044
Presidente
Airton Marques da Silva
Caixa Postal 12.152
60021-970 Fortaleza CE
Tel. 0 XX 85 288 9974
Cel. 0 XX 85 981 9910
Vice-Presidente:
Alvaro Chrispino
Rua Rui Barbosa, 751
25962-090 Teresópolis RJ Tel. 0 XX 21 742 3782
Cel. 0 XX 21 9981 6419
Dir. Secretário/
Conselheiro: Claudio Costa Couto
Caixa Postal 12.152
60021-970 Fortaleza CE
Tel. 0 XX 85 281-3472
Cel. 0 XX 85 253-1607
Dir.Tesoureiro:
Arikerne Rodrigues Sucupira
Est. Francisco da Cruz Nunes, 6661
24350-310 Niterói RJ Tel. 0 XX 608-0044
Cel. 0 XX 9979-1984
[email protected]
Diretor
Intercambio
Internacional: Paulo Celso Isolani
Inst. de Química/USP
B-8 térreo sala 815 Av.Prof.Lineu Prestes,748
05508-900 São Paulo SP
Tel: 0 XX 11 818 3876
ABIQUIM (Chemical Industry Association or the Brazilian Chemical
Manufacturers Association)
Rua Santo Antonio, 184 - 17º andar
01314-900 São Paulo, SP
BRAZIL
Fax No. 55-11-232.0919
http://www.abiquim.org.br/
It was created in 1964, in order to represent the Brazilian chemical industry at ALALC
(now ALADI), an Association to develop trade among the Latin American countries to deal
with of issues, including tariff negotiations; statistics; coordination of Atuação
Responsável®
(Brazilian version of Responsible Care®); Total Quality Management; environment and
safety related issues; product advocacy and others. ABIQUIM operates a 24-hour toll free
telephone
service for safety in the transportation of chemical products (Pró-Química) and coordinates
special programs related to some areas of the chemical industry, such as Plastivida®, which
deals with the use and recycling of plastics.
ABIQUIM represents the Brazilian Chemical industry in the Mercosur Chemical Industry
Council - CIQUIM and in the International Council of Chemical Associations - ICCA.
Membership is 136 companies, from small to large manufacturers of industrial chemicals in
Brazil. These companies produce basic and intermediate chemicals, petrochemical
commodities, specialties and fine chemicals.
Associação dos Laboratórios Farmacêuticos Nacionais (ALANAC)
Rua Vieira de Moraes, 329
Campo Belo
Tel: (011)61-3036
Fax: (011)531-0847
ABRAFATI (paints and varnishes),
Associação Brasileira dos Fabricantes de Tintas
Av. Dr. Cardoso de Mello, 1340 – 6º andar – cj. 62
04548-000 São Paulo-SP
Tel/Fax: (11) 3845-8755
[email protected]
http://www.abrafati.com/
ABRAFAS (artificial and synthetic fibers)
Associação Brasileira de Produtores de Fibras Artificiais e Sintéticas
Av. Brig. Faria Lima, 1571 - 14 and.. - Conj. 14A
Jardim Paulistano - CEP. 01451-918
São Paulo - SP.
Tel : (55 - 11) 814 61 33
Fax : (55 - 11 ) 814 62 40
http://www.abrafas.org.br/
Brazilian Chemistry Committee for IUPAC
Prof. Carol H. Collins (Executive Secretary)
Instituto de Química da Unicamp,
Caixa Postal 6154,
13081-970 Campinas - SP, Brazil
TEL.: +55 (19) 788 2559
FAX: +55 (19) 788 2673
E-MAIL: [email protected]
Sociedade Brasileira de
Química
Caixa Postal 26037,
05513-970
São Paulo - SP
Brazil
Tel.: +55 11 3032-2299;
Fax: +55 11 814-3602
http://www.sbq.org.br
The BRAZILIAN SOCIETY OF CHEMISTRY (SBQ) was established in 1977, during an
Annual Meeting of the Brazilian Society for the Progress of Science. The SBQ is a society
open
to the participation of professionals in chemistry and similar areas. It is directed
by an elected board of directors every two years and a Consulting board. SBQ has a
membership of about 3000, in 23 regional divisions spread by all the country, and with 12
scientific divisions of Chemistry. Its activities include annual meetings with approximately
2000 participants with an average of 1400 professional papers and research presentations of
research, and the publication of three magazines for the SBQ - Chemical
Nova, Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society (JBCS) - Chemistry in the School.
Presidente
Eliezer J. de Lacerda Barreiro
[email protected] - UFRJ
Vice-presidente
Paulo Cezar Vieira
[email protected] - UFSCar
Secretário geral
Luiz Carlos Dias
[email protected] - UNICAMP
Primeiro secretário
Nito Angelo Debacher
[email protected] - UFSC
Tesoureiro
Vanderlan da Silva Bolzani
[email protected] - UNESP
Primeiro tesoureiro
Mara Elisa F. Braibante
[email protected] – UFSM
Chemically Related Learned Societies – Brazil
(Source: World of Learning, 1996)
Brazilian Academy of Science
Anfilófio de Carvalho Street, 29/3rd floor • ZIP: 20030-060 • Rio de Janeiro, RJ • Brazil
(021) 220-4794 and by fax at (021) 532-5807
[email protected]; www.abc.org.br
Chemically Related Research – Brazil
(Source: World of Learning, 1996; MCT - Ministerio da Ciencia e Tecnologia, 1999)
Highlights
♦ Brazil has over 21,500 R&D personnel (6,800 in industry).
♦ There are over 500 research institutes and 100 federal, state and private organizations
involved in S&T activities.
♦ R&D expenditures in 1998 were US$5.8 billion or .78% of the GDP.
♦ Most R&D funding goes to universities and government research centers, but the
government is attempting to redirect many R&D efforts to the private sector.
♦ Brazil has received over US$1 billion from the World Bank and IDB to improve R&D
performance.
♦ After machinery and health, chemistry constituted the third most active area (19921996) in US patent filings with Brazil as the inventor country.
♦ The Brazilian market for analytical instruments is worth over $50 million a year.
♦ Brazilians buy 95 percent of their analytical instruments from abroad.
♦ The United States supplies 70 percent of Brazil's imported analytical instruments.
♦ Investments in Brazil's high-technology sectors are creating increased demand for
highly accurate analytical instruments.
♦ The Brazilian Ministry of Science has identified computer technology, materials
sciences and biotechnology as areas needing strengthening.
Research Centers - Brazil
NATIONAL LABORATORY FOR IONIZING RADIATION
Instituto das Radiações Ionizantes/CNEN
Margareth Maria de Araújo, Phys., M.Sc.
Av. Salvador Allende, s/nº
22780-160 Recreio dos Bandeirantes - RJ - Brasil
Phone: (+55 21) 442-1605/9592
Fax: (+55 21) 442-9675
FUNDACAO JORGE DUPRAT FIGUEIREDO DE SEGURANCA E MEDICINA DO
TRABALHO - FUNDACENTRO
CENTRO REGIONAL DA BAHIA - LABORAT'ORIO DE HIGIENE E TOXICOLOGIA
RUA ALCEU AMOROSO LIMA, 142 - PITUBA
CEP: 41820-770 SALVADOR - BA
Fone: (071) 3411412 Fax: 3411446
FUNDACAO INSTITUTO TECNOLOGICO DO ESTADO DE PERNAMBUCO - ITEP
DEPARTAMENTO DE QUIMICA E BIOTECNOLOGIA - LABORATORIO DE
QUIMICA ANALITICA INORGANICA
AV PROF LUIS FREIRE 700 - CID. UNIVERSITARIA
CEP: 5740 -540 RECIFE - PE
Fone: (081) 2714399 Ramal: 187 Fax: 2714744
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS DA AMAZONIA - INPA
- COORDENACAO DE PESQUISAS EM PRODUTOS NATURAIS
ALAMEDA COSME FERREIRA 1576 - ALEIXO
CEP: 69083-000 MANAUS - AM
Fone: (092) 6433175 Fax: 6433176
FUNDACAO CENTRO TECNOLOGICO DE MINAS GERAIS - CETEC
DIRETORIA DE TECNOLOGIA AMBIENTAL - SETOR DE MEDICOES
AMBIENTAIS
BELO HORIZONTE - HORTO
CEP: 31170-000 BELO HORIZONTE - MG
Fone: (031) 4861000 Ramal: 393 Fax: 4861333 Telex: 311031
COMISSAO NACIONAL DE ENERGIA NUCLEAR - CNEN
CENTRO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO DA TECNOLOGIA NUCLEAR COORDENADORIA DE APOIO TECNICO E CIENTIFICO
CAIXA POSTAL 941 - CID. UNIVERSITARIA/PAMP.
FUNDACAO OSWALDO CRUZ - FIOCRUZ
CENTRO DE PESQUISAS RENE RACHOU - LABORATORIO DE QUIMICA DE
PRODUTOS NATURAIS
AV. AUGUSTO DE LIMA, 1715 - BARRO PRETO
Fone: (031) 2953566 Ramal: 191 Fax: 2953115
FUNDACAO EZEQUIEL DIAS - FUNED
DIRETORIA DE PRODUCAO FARMACEUTICA E IMUNOBIOLOGICOS DESENVOLVIMENTO EM FARMACOS. AREA DE SINTESE EM FARMACOS
RUA CONDE PEREIRA CARNEIRO, 80 - GAMELEIRA
CENTRO DE TECNOLOGIA MINERAL - CETEM/CNPq
DESENVOLVIMENTO DE TECNOLOGIA AMBIENTAL - MERCURLAB
RUA 4, QUADRA D - ILHA DO FUNDAO - CID. UNIVERSITARIA
CEP: 21941-590 RIO DE JANEIRO - RJ
INSTITUTO DE ENGENHARIA NUCLEAR - SUPERVISAO DE APOIO QUIMICO
CIDADE UNIVERSITARIA - ILHA DO FUNDAO
Fone: (021) 2803113 Ramal: 174 Fax: 5902692
FUNDACAO OSWALDO CRUZ - FIOCRUZ
AV. BRASIL 4365 - MANGUINHOS
WWW.FIOCRUZ.BR
Fone: (021) 5909490 Fax: 5909490
Presidente, Dr. Eloi de Souza Garcia,
Tel.: (5521) 260-0788 ramal: 142
Fax: (5521) 270-2496 / 260-6707
Vice-Presidência de Pesquisa e Ensino - VPPE
Dr. Renato Sérgio Balão Cordeiro
Tel.: (5521) 590-4712 / 560-0788 ramal: 117
Fax: (5521) 260-6707 / 590-9741
Vice-Presidência de Serviços de Referência em Saúde - VPSRS
Dr. Mauro Célio de Almeida Marzocchi
Tel.: (5521) 590-7544 / 560-0788 ramal: 108
Fax: (5521) 590-7544
Vice-Presidência de Ambiente, Comunicação e Informação VPACI
Dra Maria Cecília de Souza Minayo
Tel.: (5521) 590-5144 / 560-0788 ramal: 127
Fax: (5521) 260-6707
Vice-Presidência de Tecnologia - VPT
Dr. Akira Homma
E-mail:[email protected]
Tel.: (5521) 560-0788 ramal: 106
Fax: (5521) 260-6707
Chefia de Gabinete
Dra Ana Lúcia Almeida de Larrive
Tel.: (5521) 260-6040 / 560-0788 ramal: 145
Fax: (5521) 270-2496
Assessora de Política Institucional
Olga D'Arc
Tel.: (5521) 598-4305
Fax: (5521) 260-6707
Coordenadoria de Comunicação Social - CCS
Assessor de Imprensa: Umberto Trigueiros Lima
Tel.: (0xx21) 270-5343 / 270-1788
Fax: (0xx21) 260-6707 / 270-5343
Assessoria de Planejamento - ASPLAN
Assessor de Planejamento: Carlos Augusto Grabois Gadelha
Pavilhão Figueiredo Vasconcelos
Tel.: (5521) 290-0494 / 598-4232
Fax: (5521) 290-0494
Procuradoria Geral - PG
Dr. Francisco Araújo
Tel.: (5521) 598-4315 / 598-4317
Tel Fax: (5521) 290-6071
Auditoria Interna - AUDIN
Dr. Newton Janote Filho
Tel.: (5521) 260-0788 ramal : 130
Fax: (5521) 260-6707
Coordenadoria Regional de Brasília – COREB
Diretor: Lenita Nicoletti
Av. W.B. Norte - Quadra 510 - conjunto "A"
Edifício Ex-INAM - sala 402 a 406, Brasília
Tel.: (5561) 340-0847 / 340-9826 / 340-0724
Fax: (5561) 340-0340 / 340-0847
INSTITUTO MILITAR DE ENGENHARIA - IME
DEPARTAMENTO DE QUIMICA - DEPARTAMENTO DE QUIMICALABORATORIO DE CATALISE
PRACA GENERAL TIBURCIO, 80 - PRAIA VERMELHA
Fone: (021) 2950595 Fax: 2759047
COORDENADORIA DE FISICA E QUIMICA NUCLEAR - SUPERVISAO DE
RADIOQUIMICA
TRAVESSA R NUMERO 400 - CIDADE UNIVERSITARIA - BUTANTA
CEP: 05508-900 SAO PAULO - SP
Fone: (011) 8169182 Fax: 2123546 Telex: 83592
E-mail: [email protected] e [email protected]
CENTRO TECNICO AEROESPACIAL - CTA
INSTITUTO DE ESTUDOS AVANCADOS - DIVISAO DE ATIVIDADES
ELETROMAGNETICAS
RODOVIA DOS TAMOIOS KM 5,5 - TORRAO DE OURO
CEP: 12231-970 SAO JOSE DOS CAMPOS - SP
Fone: (0123) 413033 Ramal: 290 Fax: 414277
EMPRESA BRASILEIRA DE PESQUISA AGROPECUARIA - EMBRAPA
CENTRO NACIONAL PESQUISA MONITORAMENTO AMBIENTAL - QUIMICA
- TANQUINHO VELHO
CEP: 13820-000 JAGUARIUNA - SP
Fone: (0192) 8675633 Ramal: 2027 Fax: 0198675
FACULDADE DE ENGENHARIA QUIMICA DE LORENA - FAENQUIL
DEPARTAMENTO DE ENGENHARIA QUIMICA - GRUPO DE PROCESSOS
ORGANICOS E INORGANICOS
RODOVIA ITAJUBA-LORENA KM 74,5 - CAMPINHO
CEP: 12600-000 LORENA - SP
Fone: (0125) 523922 Ramal: 257 Fax: 522809
FUNDACAO JORGE DUPRAT FIGUEIREDO DE SEGURANCA E MEDICINA DO
TRABALHO - FUNDACENTRO
COORDENACAO DE HIGIENE DO TRABALHO - COORDENADORIA DE RISCOS
QUIMICOS
RUA CAPOTE VALENTE, 710 - PINHEIROS
Fone: (011) 8536588 Ramal: 2219 Fax: 8818251
INSTITUTO ADOLFO LUTZ - IAL
DIVISAO DE BROMATOLOGIA E QUIMICA - SECAO DE ADITIVOS E
PESTICIDAS RESIDUAIS
SAO PAULO - CERQUEIRA CESAR
INSTITUTO BIOLOGICO - IB
DIVISAO DE BIOLOGIA ANIMAL - SECAO DE FARMACOLOGIA
AV. CONS. RODRIGUES ALVES 1252 - VILA MARIANA
Fone: (011) 5729822 Ramal: 147 Fax: 5710240
INSTITUTO BUTANTAN - IBU
DIVISAO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTIFICO - LABORATORIO DE QUIMICA
ORGANICA
AV. VITAL BRASIL, 1500 - BUTANTA
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE PESQUISAS ESPACIAIS - INPE
CENTRO ESPACIAL DE CACHOEIRA PAULISTA - LABORATORIO ASSOCIADO
DE COMBUSTAO E PROPULSAO
ROD. PRESIDENTE DUTRA,KM 40 CEP: 12630-000 CACHOEIRA PAULISTA - SP
Fone: (0125) 611377 Ramal: 265 Fax: 611992
INSTITUTO DE PESQUISAS TECNOLOGICAS - IPT
DIVISAO DE QUIMICA - NUCLEO DE MATERIAIS DE REFERENCIA
AV. PROF. ALMEIDA PRADO, N.532 - C.UNIVERSITARIA
LABORATORIO NACIONAL DE LUZ SINCROTRON - LNLS/CNPq
DIVISAO CIENTIFICA - GRUPO INSTRUMENTACAO DE RAIO X
RUA LAURO VANUCCI, 1020 - FAZENDA SANTA CANDIDA
CEP: 13087-410 CAMPINAS - SP
E-mail: e.mail: [email protected]
LABORATORIO CENTRAL DE ELETROTECNICA E ELETRONICA - LAC/COPEL
LABORATORIO CENTRAL DE ELETROTECNICA E ELETRONICA COORDENADORIA DE P&D EM MATERIAIS
RUA CORONEL DULCIDIO 800 - BATEL
CEP: 80420-170 CURITIBA - PR
Fone: (041) 3662020 Ramal: 266 Fax: 2663582
Centro de Pesquisas Leopoldo A. Miguez de Mello (CENPES)
Setor de Informação Técnica e Propiedade Industrial (SINTEP)
Cidade Universitária-Quadra 7
21949-900 Illha do Fundão - JR
Tel: (021)598-6110/6112/6118 ou 590-4198
Fax: (021)598-6798 ou 590-6643
Centro de Tecnologia da Indústria Química e Têxtil (CETIQT)
Núcleo Especializado de Informação Tecnológica Têxtil e de Confecção Industrial
(NEITTCI)
Rua Dr. Manuel Cotrim, 195 (Biblioteca - sala 306)
Riachuelo
Tel: (021)201-7222 ramais 250 ou 258
Fax: (021)241-0495
Centro de Tecnologia Industrial (CETIND)
Centro de Informação Tecnológica (CIT)
Av. Luís Tarquinio Pontes, 938
Aracuí
42700-000 Lauro de Freitas - BA
Tel: (071)379-4628 ou 379-3833
Fax: (071)379-3614
Centro Nacional de Pesquisa da Tecnologia Agroindustrial de Alimentos (CTAA)
Avenida das Américas, 29501
23020-470 Guaratiba - RJ
Tel: (021)410-1350 (directo) ou 410-1353 ramais 142/187
Fax: (021)410-1090
Companhia Petroquímica do Nordeste, S.A. (COPENE)
Centro de Documentação e Informação (CEDIN)
Rua Eteno, 1561
Complexo Básico
42800-000 Camaçari - BA
Tel: (071)832-5521 ou 832-5522 ou 832-5526
Fax: (071)832-1733 ou 832-5097
Companhia Petroquímica do Sul (COPESUL)
Setor de Informação e Documentação Técnica
Rodovia Tabaí-Canoas BR 386 Km 419
Polo Petroquímico do Sul
95853-000 Triunfo - RS
Tel: (051)457-1100 ramais 1275/1564/1585
Fax: (051)457-1321 ou 457-1135
Sociedade Brasileira de Química (SBQ)
Instituto de Química da USP
Av. Prof. Lineu Prestes, 748-Bloco 3 Superior - Sala 371
ou
Caixa Postal 26037
Tel: (011)210-2299
Fax; (011)814-3602
Interfacial Phenomena/Thermodynamics &
Separation in Brazil
By Research Area
Bioseparations
Rahoma S. Mohamed(Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
Supercritical Extraction
Rahoma S. Mohamed(Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
Adsorption
Ribeiro Franco Moilton Jnior(Universidade Federal de Uberlndia)
Frederico Wanderley Tavares(Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)
Phase Equilibria
Moilton Ribeiro Franco Jùnior(Universidade Federal de Uberlndiâ)
Jacques Niederberger(Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro)
Prof. Antonio Jos de Almeidahermodyn Meirelles(Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
Prof. Jos Vladimir de Oliveira(Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro)
Eduardo Cassel(Pontificia Universidade Catnlica Do Rio Greade Do Sol)
Saul Gonalves d' Avila(Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
Marcelo Castier(Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)
Prof. Martin Aznar(Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
Krishnaswamy Rajagopal(Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)
Affonso C.C. Silva Telles(Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)
Fernando Luiz Pellegrini Pessoa(Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)
Silvana Mattedi(Universidade Federal da Bahia)
Luiz Antonio Ferreira Coelho(Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)
Design
Jacques Niederberger(Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio de Janeiro)
Prof. Paulo Csar da Costa Pinheiro(Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais)
Daiton de Freitas Rezende(Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das
Missues)
Separations
Prof. Antonio Jos de Almeida Meirelles(Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
Supercritical Fluids
Silvio A. B. Vieira De Melo(Universidade Tiradentes)
M. Angela A. Meireles(Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
Daiton de Freitas Rezende(Universidade Regional Integrada do Alto Uruguai e das
Missues)
Statistical Mechanics
Molecular Simulation
Separation Process
M. Angela A. Meireles(Universidade Estadual de Campinas)
Thermodynamics
Polymers
Asphaltenes
Molecular Engineering
Affonso C.C. Silva Telles(Federal University of Rio de Janeiro)
ORGANOMETALLIC RESEARCH CENTRES IN BRAZIL
(source: http://www.scc.um.es)
Instituto de Quimica CP 6154, Universidade Estadual de Campinas 13081-970 Campinas,
Brazil
DIAS, Gilson H. M., Dr. E-mail: [email protected]; MORIGAKI, Milton, Dr. E-mail:
[email protected]; URSINI, Cleber V.; HERBST, Marcelo (fullerene, platinum,
metalcarbonyl)
Instituto de Quimica, Dept. de Quimica Inorganica, Unicamp, CP 6154, CEP 13083-970,
Campinas/SP, BRAZIL
STEIN, Edison, Prof.; E-mail: [email protected]; Phone +550197887881; Fax:
+550192393805;
http:www.iqm.unicamp.br (Organometallic and Coordination Chemistry of Fe, Ru, Os, Co.
Syntheses and electrochemical characterization of the metal complexes)
AE Mauro, Unesp, Inst Quim Araraquara, CP 355, BR-14800900 Araraquara, Sp, Brazil
DW Franco, USP, Inst Fis & Quim Sao Carlos, CP 369, BR-13560 Sao Carlos, Sp, Brazil
EJS Vichi, Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Quim, C Postal 6154, BR-13084 100 Campinas,
Sp, Brazil
ER Dockal, Univ Fed Sao Carlos, Dept Quim, Caixa Postal 676, BR-13565905 Sao Carlos,
Brazil
IVP Yoshida, Univ Campinas, Inst Chem, CP 6154, BR-13083970 Campinas, Brazil
J Dupont, Univ Fed Rio Grande Sul, Inst Quim, AV Bento Goncalves 9500, BR-92501970
Porto
Alegre, RS, Brazil
MD Vargas, Univ Estadual Campinas, Inst Quim, CP 6154, BR-13081 Campinas, Sp,
Brazil
MJ Dabdoub, Univ Sao Paulo, Ffcl, Dept Quim, AV Bandeirantes, BR-3900 Ribeirao Pre,
Sp, Brazil
ACS Member Characteristics – Brazil
(Source: ACS Info Central, 1999)
ACS Members in Brazil - Interests Areas
Agriculture and Food
Analytical
Biochemistry
Biotechnology
Agriculture and Food
5%
Chemical Education
Colloids and Surfaces
Computing/Molecular Modeling
Analytical
14%
Energy/Fuels
Environmental
Physical
6%
Inorganic
Marketing/Sales/Business
Polymers/Plastics
4%
Biochemistry
5%
Pharmaceutical/Med
12%
Materials
Organic
Pharmaceutical/Medicinal
Biotechnology
2%
Polymers/Plastics
Physical
Colloids and Surfaces
2%
Organic
33%
Environmental
5%
Materials
2%
Mketing/Sales/Bus
3%
Inorganic
4%
Energy/Fuels
4%
ACS Informant Questionnaire Responses – Brazil
1) In which sector are you employed? (Please select one item)
Industry: 2
Higher Education: 13
Professional and/or Trade Association: 0
Government: 0
Other - Please specify: Hospital R&D
2) Do you and/or your colleagues participate in any professional scientific activities
involving activity? Yes: 8
No: 4
If your answer is Yes, please describe how.
Giving courses and seminars and development of research projects. **
Research and teaching and mentoring graduate students ** One of our research areas is
optimization of chemical processes. ** Purification and separation of Rare-earths ** Pest
control using pheromones ** As an analytical chemist, I have helped to implement new
methodologies and new instrumental techniques in industries and private laboratories. I
also responsible (or collaborator) for the organization of short courses involving topics as
sample preparation and ICP's to the industrial world. Nowadays I am organizing a web-site
to transfer analytical chemical information to industrial chemists.
4) Are your colleagues involved?
Yes: 8
No: 2
5) What type of industry is involved in the collaboration?
Energy: 3
Agricultural Chemicals: 2
Basic Chemical Production: 2
Polymers: 1
Fine Chemicals: 5
Metals: 0
Rubber: 0
Other - Please specify: Oil Company, Food Industry. ** Food (coffee)- (methodology
development for Carbohydrate determination)Drugs and Cosmetics, and Freezers and
Refrigerators- (waste treatment) ** biotech ** biological macromolecules
6) What companies are participating in the collaboration?
Brazilian Petroleun – PETROBRAS ** Several industries associated to the Associao
Brasileira de Quimica ** CETEM/CNPq ** Cacique de Café Solúvel
Hossmann, Krys Belt ** Dinamilho Carol ** Votorantin Celulose e Papel, ICASA
Agronomic Laboratory, FEMTO Analytical instruments, and others in short courses **
7) Where is the industrial site or laboratory located?
Central de Analises Chemistry Department – UFSC ** University of Sao Paulo **
Londrina- Paraná- Brazil
8) What type of activity is carried out in the collaboration?
Basic Research: 9
Faculty Visits: 1
Student Visits: 5
Consulting: 3
Contract Research: 4
Quality Control: 4
Environmental Monitoring: 4
Other - Please Specify: theoretical and practical courses ** There used to be a regular
program where undergraduate students were trained for one year periods in the
PETROBRAS research center. This practice has been dropped in last few years for lack of
funding. **
9) What do you feel are the characteristics of a successful university /
industry collaboration in Brazil?
Participation of graduate students, professors and researchers. ** The answer to this very
HYPOTHETICAL situation would be to have a TRUE
two-way collaboration. Too often, industry wants (free) input from the
University but offers nothing significant in return. When there is a real
need (such as in environmental monitoring) industry reluctantly contracts
someone (who may be a private consultant or someone from an appropriate
university department). Such a contract is short term and rarely, if ever,
contributes anything to the university, except perhaps a few reais
(pseudo-dollars) of "overhead", in case the contract was made though an
official university-related funding agency. However, the industry may try
to have the contract done outside of such channels. ** Academia and Industry do not have
a long history of collaboration in Brazil. As I supose it is all over the world, the industry is
usually interested in short term results and the University, besides the research itself, is
intended to graduate people. So, a medium to long term research is desirable in order to
provide the students a solid formation. I think the success in making such a collaboration in
Brazil and in any country will depend on how people from academia and industry mix up
both interests. Neither too short nor too long terms. We need to have a collaboration that
may help the Industry to solve problems and develop new technologies (new concepts new challenges) and that may guarantee for the University the possibilities of graduating
students and making publication, which are the basis of the academic world. However, I am
not against more applied reserch in the University, where short term goals and
conficenciality are required. I just do not think that this should be the only kind or the most
important kind of collaboration between University and Industry. The industry should see
the University as a place where innovation and new scientific concepts can be created,
which may have impact on the technological knowledge, rather than see the University as a
place where you can order or buy a service. ** In many sectors, the industry is not fully
prepared to comply with several regulations. The University can contribute from better
product development to quality control. Many times the Industry needs help on
troubleshooting
specific problems. ** Most commonly, the industry acquires expertise for dealing with
some practical or theoretical problems and in exchange it pays for new equipment,
fellowships, scholarships, and so on. In some cases, the industry may invest in academic
research related to its field of activity with longer term potential return. ** Since Brazil has
inumerous social and related problems, I believe any goal-oriented enterprise (like
development of new products/processes, environmental-friendly technology, etc) are very
welcome, not only in Brazil but also in Latin America. ** I am personally interested in the
pharmaceutical and biotech industry. As far as I know there is not an extensive
collaboration with the industry because the foreign laboratories do not do research in Brazil
and the national industry is small. However, a few companies, a notorious example is
Biobras, were created inside universities by faculty members. In the Sao Carlos campus of
the University of Sao Paulo a foundation was created to advance this kind of collaboration.
I know some people there and may send more details later. ** personal contact **
Absolutely necessary albeit still restricted ** For the industry: should be aware that
investment in research is a long(or medium) term endeavor
For academic personnel: should be willing to analize if their research
interest can be applied ** Identifying university professors willing to work on relative short
time and narrow focus projects aimed at solving industry related problems. ** The
collaboration is still slow but the industry is requesting the exchange with the university at
this time, mainly with relationship to the control of generated residues at Londrina- Paraná
State ** I feel that in our area, this is a process that is beginning in Brazil. The country
remained essentially closed to international commerce during decades. Nowadays it is very
open and the need to compete becomes imperative. The most critical point is to make clear
that the academic knowledge has an important role in the improvement of chemical
processes. Sometimes academic professionals are seeing as typical government employees,
and this does not have a good connotation in Brazil.
10) What facilitates development of such collaborations?
Scholarships, funds for mobilities of students and professors and for the
projects. ** Sincerity on the part of both (groups of) participants. Recognition of the long
range value of such a collaboration by the interested parties. ** In Brazil what certainly
facilitates the collaboration is the
previous friendship or professional relationship between the parts. We are
still a small chemical community here in Brazil. So, many collaborations
arises from the previous interchange between an University professor and an
industry employee. For instance, some professors now in Brazil came from
Industry (and vice-versa too). Also many PhD in the industry graduated
under a certain University group and intend to keep collaborating (It is
usual to do a PhD study while in industry, as an employee).
Nowadays the government also has some special research programs which for
a professor to apply for, he (she) must have a collaboration with an
industry (not necessary a contract). Most of the times there is no money
involved. ** The lack of qualified personal in great number and lack of research
laboratories inside the industrial park. Most of chemical plants in Brazil are branches of
the Major chemical industries from all of the world (Mainly from US, France, and
Germany) and they do not do any research. ** The existence of a research center also at the
company and in some cases a
visible competitive advantage of the activity, which helps to attract funds from the
government. ** Interpersonal skills and ability to create vision and hence buy in ** I
believe that nowadays, many researches are trying to make such collaborations. Most
important, brazilian universities are encouraging those enterprises. ** The existence of
people wearing two hats, in the University and the Industry. ** seminars training programs
for industry personnel ** Closer interation and interest specially from the industry **
Mixed meetings where both parties would look for points of mutual interest. ** Using
university resources is a cost effective way of solving some industrial problems. ** The
university contributes with the technology that the industry doesn't sometimes have. The
necessity facilitate. ** Fast results and gain in productivity. **
11) What hinders or is problematic for development of such collaborations?
The actual situation of economy in Brazil with high interest, leaves the
industry without investiment in research. ** Lack of examples of successful collaborations
from past experience. ** The bureaucracy from the University side and the mentality of the
managers which many times are not willing to pay a fair value for analysis or product
development ** As I mentioned before, industry normally thinks in short term, while the
University thinks as long term. In Brazil this is very much intensified. As a matter of fact,
very few chemical industries have R&D Centres or are interested in research in Brazil. In
part because most of the chemical plants belong to foreign enterprises, which R&D
Centres are abroad. On the other hand, the Brazilian enterprises are too foccused on profit
making. R&D sounds like a waste of money. On the other hand, the faculty members in
brazilian Universities are still too academic in origin. Many have never interact or visit an
industry. They are not used to work under deadline pressure, as are people in industry. In
summary, there is still a conflict of interest between academia and industry that impare the
launch of a more extensive collaboration. In addition, many industries in Brazil do not have
R&D centres. I should confess that there have been a good progress on this issue, specially
after the government established those special programs for University/industry
collaboration. Nevertheless, in chemistry we are miles distant to what you have in US and
Europe and mostly large brazilian conglomerates like Petrobras use to have some kind of
interaction with academia. ** Most companies have only a short term perspective, in part
because the economy is not quite stable. Many Brazilian-based companies were bought by
foreign ones. In such cases, a longer term vision dominates, but on the other hand many of
such companies prefer to invest mostly in production. ** inertia and lack so far of
successful models ** I believe many professionals (in the university) are not willing to
accept those collaborations, since for many years, the governement paid almost all
research done in Brazil. Today, many professionals, are not prepared to find new forms of
financial support. ** Multinational companies do not make research in Brazil. **
differences on how the two groups regards the variable time; other big problem is the
patent law in Brazil ** The actual situation of economy in Brazil with high interest, leaves
the industry without investiment in research. ** economic instability ** Some prejudices
as "Industry only is interested in problems that can be solved in a short time. Most of the
time the problems are pure routine"
"University people is too theoric and are not interested in real world
problems" ** Much of this kind of work is not suitable for publication.
Many university professors in Brasil are not interested in aplied research. ** The research
financing in Brazil, even if related to the industry it is
difficult and slow. A lot of times the industry only comes when results
already exist in the university of something related. ** Most of the chemical companies in
Brazil are multi-national, so there is no development of process or products over here.
Once they start to do research here, the collaborations would be facilitate. ** The lack of
culture for this type of association. The lack of a clear federal politics in R&D. **
12) What, in your opinion, would improve the quality and sustainability of
university / industry collaborations, and have you encountered or do you
expect to encounter issues of intellectual property how can this, too be
improved?
It's necessary more orientation on how to do it. ** (1) Improvement of
quality/sustainability will/would require guidelines based on prior experience of successful
collaborations. (2) Problems of intellectual property will certainly arise. Most universities
are very jealous of the "intellectual output" of their faculty and prohibit contracts which
have restrictions on publications and/or patent ownership. (3) Recognition, by the industrial
side, of the "special needs" of the university and its faculty. ** In terms of collaboration
with brazilian industries I think that improvements can be made when the industry start
thinking that R&D is not a waste of mony, but certainly an investment. They must also see
the University as a place for developing new concepts and knowledge, which can change
their technology at long term, rather than seeing the University as a place to call when a
problem emerge (this is also important for University/industry collaboration, but cannot be
the only way for collaboration). From the part of the University we should become more
"professional" in the sense that our researches, even though fundamental in essence, should
serve as a basis for new technological improvements. We must think that it is very healthy
the collaboration with an industry and we should not avoid it or be affraid of doing so.
There are many scientists in brazilian Universities that still thinks that "we should only do
basic research and not be involved with industrial problems". This is a quite romantic point
of view and extremely old fashioned. In summary, both parts must converge to an
equilibrium point: Industry should think more long term and University more short term.
Concerning the intellectual property this will always be a problem. Who contracts a
research normally thinks that is contracting a service (and this is true) and every
information coming from this contract should, in principle, belongs to him. On the other
hand, one of the major goal of the University is to provide universal knowledge. One of the
best way to achieve this is through publication. Them, when establishing a collaboration
between industry and academia this part should be very clear in the contract. I think that the
industry should minimize too applied collaborations, where the data obtained is of great
relevance to technological aspects. This kind of research should be carried out
preferentially in the R&D labs and not in the University. On the other hand, whenever a
patent possibility is highlighted, the University and the Industry should share the rights. I
do not have great experience in this issue, but I know that Petrobras has a policy of sharing
patents arisen from University collaboration in 3 parts: one for the petrobras, other for the
University and the other for the faculty member responsible for the research. I do not know
if the rate of sharing is equal for the 3 parts. ** The university/industry relationship varies
from institution to institution and some universities are more open to this collaboration than
others, however, I believe that if any industry is willing to have any sort of cooperation
with the university, they can easily find one that will be able to competently execute the
project. ** This is an important issue, but I do not have suggestions at the moment. I feel
that intellectual property should be guaranteed to products or ideas when commercialized,
but access should be free or very affordable when the use is for further research and
development, especially in academics. ** Top level company management sponsorship **
I guess in many areas, we don't have ways to put in contact both sides. Usually, seminars or
scientific meetings are very restrictive (industry-oriented or university-ralated matters). I
believe intellectual property always, must be respected. Surely enough, I have to admit that
in Brazil, we are not willing to accept it. However, I guess that this behavior is changing.
** Protection of intellectual property is problematic, even between academia and Brazilian
entrepreneurs. The situation may improve with time, as these collaborations become more
common. ** a good collaboration or consulting contract can resolve this issue by
stipulating a non disclosure clause. All my contracts have such a clause. ** more
orientation. ** Direct participation of industries[as a group] in the university's economical
organization affairs. ** 1- Built up a platform of areas of common interest. 2- Define goals
(industry)3- Define ways (university)** Pressure from funding institutions, stressing the
importance of aplied research. ** It is necessary to look for information and intellectual
formation gone back to the interests of the industry and society. The collaboration with
industrialized countries whose relationships Industry / University is solid and that can
change information. Mercosul is taking the state of Paraná to a frank agricultural and
industrial development, considering the implanted politics of support to the
industrialization. **
13) Which particular university / industry collaborations would you identify
as outstanding?
If at all possible, please provide contact name, position, company, address,
telephone, fax, email and www address.
Here at the Intitute we have a good example of a long standing
collaboration in the field of material chemistry. The colaborator is Prof.
Marcus Vinicius Fonseca ([email protected]) which has a collaboration
with a brazilian industry named Carboox. He serves as a consultant and
carry out specific research and control analysis for this industry. Indeed,
Prof. Fonseca is one of the few examples that I know in Brazil of a faculty
member that looks for collaboration with industries. ** I do not have much information on
that. I know that Motorola has a good agreement with the University of Sao Paulo. I also
know that the petroleum industry has fruitful collaborations with universities, especially in
the state of Rio de Janeiro. ** I'd like to suggest you to take a look in the following site:
http://pcserver.iqm.unicamp.br/~ines/
This professor has a long experience in dealing with indistries. Also,
UNICAMP, (www.unicamp.br), is considered the most agressive university
on those matters. ** Petrobras and the COPPE of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro
** CENPES/Petrobras and Univ.Fed. Sao Carlos and EMBRAPA/Univ. Fed. Rio Grande
do Sul ** I know of a few projects with UFRJ, PUC RJ and UNICAMP, my coleagues may
have more detailed information. ** Univeridade Estadual de Londrina: Suzana Nixdorf- email: [email protected] Carlos Câmara- e-mail: [email protected] Aneli
Melo- e-mail: [email protected] At this moment a have only the e-mails. ** One
relevant point in university/industry collaborations here is the organization of short courses
to up-to-date knowledge of industrial chemists. The Associacao Brasileira de Quimica
(Brazilian Association of Chemistry) has a very good program that is working pretty well.
Please check: http://www.allchemy.iq.usp.br **
14) For university / industry collaborations which involve scientist,
researcher, or student mobility across national borders, what skills or
capacities should a participant have to be successful?
To be a graduate student and involved in a research group. ** Willingness to work(and
intellectual honesty). ** If we speak about collaboration between University and industries
in different countries we must bear in mind that cultural differences is a barrier. For
instance, the speed of response for latins and saxons is different due to several factor. We
do not have here in Latin America the same facilities you have in US and Europe for
buying chemicals or making equipment maintenance. On the other hand, we have good
students and scientistists. For the industry I believe that they should think on making a
collaboration to answer more fundamental questions or to develop new technological
concepts or strategies. I do not think that too short term
goals would work well due to distance and differences in response rates
between industry and University, and in this case, from different nations
with different countries. For the University I think that the scientists
should bear in mind that the reality of their native country is different
from the reality of the industry`s contracting country. They should be
aware of the chemical scenario in the world and must have rapid acess to
the chemical literature through the internet (preferentially). Indeed, for
a rapid and efficient communication I think that a good access to the
internet is a requirement for such a collaboration. However, many places in
Latin America still have problems in accessing the internet. Finally, I
believe that scientists and students should be highly creatives and pursue
new answers and concepts for a determined problem. In my opinion, when a
foreign industry wish to collaborate with a University of a less developed
country they are searching for new and also simple ideas or solution for
their problems (new thoughts or new raw materials, etc). Therefore, I high
degree of creativity and a good knowledge of the chemical literature
together with an active scientific production is, in my opinion, the most
important skills for a scientist to succeed in such an international
collaboration. ** Computational, language, and interdisciplinary skills ** Solid
background in the discipline, fluent English, and evidence of past
achievements which stand out somehow. ** language skills and desire to succeed ** I
believe: scientific skills, knowledge of the language and culture and personal initiative. **
A general answer to this question would also need some research. My personal experience
is that my ability to make calculations about biopeptides is being useful in a collaboration
with an university in Argentina. ** Speak Portuguese and English as their native language.
Know the culture so as to be trusted. ** To be a graduate student and involved in a research
group. ** English language , computation[basic and advanced] ** Fluency of local
language ** Previous involvment of the student in aplied research. Comitment of the
student's research group with industry. ** A good formation in the specialties that could be
requested. The
industry has been requesting solutions for the treatment or reuse of its
residues, due to the concern of the society to the atmosphere.Therefore,
the problems that need of solution they are very wide. ** To know portuguese or spanish is
a must (from the USA to Brazil). **
15) Other comments or thoughts on university / industry collaborations in
Brazil? What aspects of the chemical industry sector do you see as most
promising for industry / university collaboration?
Environmental Chemistry, Food processing and Medicinal chemistry. ** (1) When
considering local (Brazilian) industry, an important impediment to
such collaborations is the very long list of Brazilian government
regulations which inhibit founding / operation of small firms. Such
regulations are relaxed or waived for "outside" firms to act as an incentive
to invest in Brazil. The problem is the word "invest", usually considered
to mean "make as large a profit as quickly as possible". Thus, there is
little incentive for "outside" investment to make long term commitments,
which includes establishing meaningful collaborations with "local"
universities (or industry).
(2) Biodiversity is a very hot topic in Brazil at this moment. There are
two lines of thought: One is "the forest is ours, strangers keep out",
while the other would like to investigate the possibilities but realizes
that considerable investment is needed to do all the screening, etc. Up to
now, the multinationals which have shown interest in Brazilian biodiversity
have wanted all the benefits to accrue to them - and have ignored, or even
inhibited efforts by Brazilian university professors and their local
collaborators. This is an area which offers MANY possibilities, and one in
which Brazilian university professors have outstanding capabilities.
However, whatever contacts that have been made (of which I am aware) have
all been one-sided - "send me your extracts (for free, of course) and we'll
tell you if there is anything there". As everyone knows, synthesizing a
promising compound is usually more profitable than trying to obtain it by
extraction from natural products, so whatever interesting compounds that are
found in the extracts are "lost" to the multinational. This has created a
certain cynicism on the part of our Brazilian colleagues. ** issue is of great interest also to
me I took more than a few minutes to answer, so I could better reflect on several important
points raised by the questionaire. If you need other assistance in this or other related issue I
will be glad in helping you. I would appreciate you take a few minutes to visit the webpage of my research group at (http://www.iq.ufrj.br/~cmota)
which has now an english version. ** answer: As I commented before, this kind of
collaboration in Brazil is still rare due to two major facts: most of the chemical industries in
Brazil do not have R&D centres and secondly because the brazilian entreprises still see
R&D as a wasting of money and not as an investment. In recent years the brazilian
government has launched special programs to incentivate the collaboration between
University and industry. These programs are going well, but the majority of the money
involved come from the government, so there is little risk for the industries. I participate in
two (applying for a third one) of these programs, where I keep the collaboration with
Petrobras. The subject of research in those programs are not too applied, but are of
relevance to the industry and they are interested in.
Concerning the most promissing sectors for collaboration I think that
chances for a good success involving collaboration between
University/industry in Brazil and abroad are petroleum, petrochemical and
natural products. The first two fields have a long tradition to collaborate
with University and in Brazil I think that, specially petroleum chemistry
has a stronger tradition of collaborating with the University. Here with
the end of the monopoly by Petrobras, the sector is expect to expand and
large degree of competition is also expected. The petrochemical does not
have a stronger tradition of collaboration with Universities but may
improve or, at least, people working in petroleum process chemistry in
Universities could do a good interaction with petrochemical industries, as
both fields are related. Finally I think natural products is a sector whose
collaboration between industry and University can grow very much. Brazil is
a tropical country and has a big potential for discovering new chemicals
from plants and fruits. The sector still do not involve a large amount of
money but is highly specialized. ** The multi-national companies are very self suuficient
through their central research groups and prefer to import a key researcher than invest in
local talent. Our Brazilian companies on the other hand generally want immediate replies to
very simple technical questions without investing in qualified personnel, even at the
technician's level much less at the university level. They also seem to expect professional
help for free as they pay taxes which support our public universities. There are of course
examples of successful cooperation between more enlightened companies and some
colleagues, although unfortunately few and far between. My comments are not anonymous,
as they have been expressed on many occasions in public. ACS might like to suggest to the
many American chemical companies installed in Brazil that they can find local competence
through our Brazilian Chemical Society (Sociedade Brasileira de Quimica).
** The most positive aspect I see is that the room for expansion. The market is currently
retracted and many positions should be made available upon an
acceleration of Brazilian economy. ** Key sectors are: uses of biomass (e.g., Brazil uses
alcohol from sugar cane as fuel in cars, pure or mixed with gasoline), petroleum
(exploration and petrochemical industry), materials chemistry, environmental monitoring.
** Intermediate chemical industry development ie at the coatings development stage as
opposed to basic chemicals production as an example. ** I'd like to point out that São
Paulo State, has done an excellent work in public funding, since Gov. Mário Covas
assumed his position. FAPESP (www.fapesp.br) its major funding institution, has changed
its viewpoint, and now offers, for example, grants for
industry-universities projects. I believe, in few years, we'll begin to
see the results of this initiative. Also, in the last 5 years, federal government has changed
our traditional politics, allowing a more free-market economy, liberalizing imports and
other important reforms, which I believe, has also changed the university's viewpoint. I
guess, today, many researches are likely to accept and try to work out with industries. Few
years ago, since there was no competition among industries, there was no interest in
impoving a product. Now, (slowly but consistently) the collaboarations
industry/university are begining to flourish. Also, since in the next
year, brazilian GDP is stimated to grow at least 4%, I believe, those
opportunities will become real. ** People see the Biotech enterprise as promising, because,
although it is almost non-existing, it is becoming increasingly important. Thank for the
opportunity to show my views. I am personally interested in this issue. ** extration of sea
products [ algae,salts,minerals] ** The University and the Association of Industries should
form o board of experts that would analize the main areas of common interest. **
Improving quality and productivity. ** The current
denationalization of brazilian industry has had a devastating effect in its
fledging chemical industry. As a result a disproportionally large percentage
of chemists and chemical engineers ends up in the oil industry. Half of CRQ
(Rio de Janeiro Chemists Guild) affiliates belong to PETROBRAS, acording to
its latest bulletin. ** I know better the industries of Londrina- Paraná that are mainly in the
section of Foods, batteries, pesticides and textile. The one of pesticides, multinational, has
its doors closed for the exchange with
the university for the research development, even with the interest for
researchers of these university. The sections of Foods, as well as of
batteries it maintains a good contact that can come to establish
interesting relationships. ** Drugs development for tropical diseases ** There is a lot of
room for improvement in chemical processes towards implementation of environmental
friendly processes. I feel that this efforts are underway. The training in quality control, e.g.
validation of analytical methodologies, and the improvement of analytical industrial labs is
also a must.
Funding Organizations with Interests in Brazil
Vitae, Apoio à Cultura, Educação e Promoçao Social
Rua Oscar Freire 379, 5 andar
01426-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil
Tel: +55-11-3061-5299; Fax: +55-11-883-6361
Regina Weinberg, Executive Director
1998 Appropriations: US$5.4 million (42% education)
Americas (AMERICAS) Program of the National Science Foundation
Ph: 703/306-1706;Fax: 703/306-0474
www.nsf.gov
Regional Coordinator:Harold Stolberg [email protected]
Central and South America (except Mexico, Brazil): Beverly [email protected]
Brazil: Susan Parris [email protected]
Brazil: Jean Barile [email protected]
Rockwell International Corporation Contributions Program
2201 Seal Beach Rd., Box 4250
Seal Beach , CA 90740
Purpose and Activities: Rockwell's giving priorities are: 1) Engineering/math/science
education at both the K-12 and post secondary levels. At the post secondary levels, major
grants are reserved for colleges/universities from which Rockwell has sucessfully recruited,
schools whose research programs are of interest, and schools which are sources of lifelong
learning for Rockwell employees. Lesser grants are awarded to schools in Rockwell
communities. K-12 priorities include programs to improve educational delivery systems, to
improve student learning, and to upgrade the capabilites of math and science teachers in
Rockwell communities; and 2) Organizations which provide services in communities
where Rockwell has facilities and employees. These include a broad range of health,
human service, civic, cultural, and United Way organizations.
Total Giving: $1,872,469
Grants Amount: $1,360,411
Highest Grant: $5,000 Lowest Grant: $36
Average Grant: 100-5000
In-Kind Amount: $512,058
Grantmaking Programs: ** Civic and Community: Grants are donated to organizations
which
support community improvement, provide job training and placement, and which
concentrate on
environmental conservation and ecology. ** Culture and the Arts: Contributions are
directed to
museums, public radio and television, symphony orchestras, libraries, cultural and
performing arts organizations, and theaters for the performing arts, mainly in communities
where the company operates. ** Education: The company provides grants to colleges and
universities with large research programs as well as schools of interest to Rockwell
International and schools from which Rockwell recruits employees. Rockwell also supports
organizations which improve elementary and secondary school education in major facility
communities. ** Health and Human Services: Company grants focus on hospitals, medical
centers, health organizations, community service organizations, and youth groups.
Recipients inlcude YMCA, YWCA, United Way, and American Red Cross.
Geographic Limitation: Giving primarily in areas where company has facilities
internationally,
including Australia, Brazil, Canada, China/Hong Kong, France, Germany, Japan, Mexico,
and the United Kingdom.
Program Limitations: No support for religious organizations for religious purposes or
non-501(c)(3) organizations.
Support Limitation: No grants to individuals.
Staff: 4
Application Information: The company has a staff that only handles giving. Requests from
organizations which provide services in communities where Rockwell has a presence
should be sent to the manager of the nearest local Rockwell facility. Application form not
required. Initial
approach: Proposal to nearest company facility. Copies of proposal: 1. Deadline(s): None.
Board
meeting date(s): Monthly. Final notification: 2 months.
Write: William R. Fitz
Descriptors: ; General/operating support; Continuing support; Capital campaigns;
Building/renovation; Equipment; Endowments; Program development;
Conferences/seminars;
Curriculum development; Fellowship funds; Scholarship funds; Research; Employee
matching gifts; Donated equipment; Donated products; Humanities; Arts/cultural
programs; Elementary/secondary education; Higher education; Engineering
school/education; Education; Health care; Health organizations; Human services;
Minorities/immigrants, centers & services; International economic development; Federated
giving programs; Mathematics; Engineering & technology; Engineering; Science;
Government/public administration; Minorities; Canada; France; United Kingdom;
Germany; Mexico; Brazil; China; Japan; Hong Kong; Australia; Community development;
Employment; Natural resource conservation & protection; Environment; Secondary
school/education; Early childhood education; Youth, services; Hospitals (general); Health
associations
Damien Foundation
Russ Bldg.
235 Montgomery St., Ste. 1120
San Francisco , CA 94104
(415) 421-7555
Purpose and Activities: "The foundation's aim is to empower those whose vision for
humanity
and the planet is democratic, fair and environmentally sound. The foundation supports
grassroots
organizations and projects whose work reflects compassion, consciousness and
commitment. The
foundation takes an international approach to grantmaking, awarding many of its grants in
South
America, especially in Brazil. The planet's delicate ecological situation is a challenge to
which the foundation responds by directing a significant portion of our grants to
environmental projects, particularly those that help raise awareness of the complex issues
involved. Projects organized by women or that evoke women's transformative potential are
encouraged. Communities that nurture the social, psychological and spiritual dimensions of
the individual are favored."
Assets Amount: $1,229,703 AM
Total Giving: $76,900
Grants Amount: $76,900 Number of Grants: 6
Highest Grant: $30,000 Lowest Grant: $1,548
Geographic Limitation: Giving primarily in the Southern Hemisphere, with emphasis on
Brazil;
giving also in Europe.
Governing Body/Executive Staff:
Officers and Trustee:* Tara Lamont*, Pres.; Mark Rabine, Secy.; Humberto Mafra, Treas.
and
Exec. Dir.
Application Information: Application form not required. Copies of proposal: 1.
Deadline(s):
None. Board meeting date(s): Varies.
Write: Mark Rabine, Secy.
Descriptors: ; General/operating support; Program development; Natural resource
conservation
& protection; Environment; Women, centers & services; Psychology/behavioral science;
Women; South America; Brazil
Brazilian Association of Technological Research Institutions
Address:
SCLN 109 bloco C
Tel: +55-61-3403277
salas 202-204
Fax: +55-61-2733600
Brasilia, 70752-530
Home page: http://www.abipti.org.br
In-Charge: Mr. Lynaldo de Albuquerque, Executive Director
Contact with WAITRO: Mr. Lynaldo de Albuquerque, Executive Director
History
ABIPTI is a non-governmental organization created in 1984. It represents the Brazilian
research
community, linking about sixty of the main technological research institutes all over the
country.
Objectives
ABIPTI's objective is to co-ordinate, harmonize and diffuse the results of the governmental
and
non-governmental technological research institutes. It represents the Brazilian research
institutes.
Areas of R&D Activities
Fields of Interest: Basic Industries Technologies (TIB), quality, metrology, science and
technology information, science and technology management, standardization,
productivity.
Facilities and Services
Consultancy and training: ABIPTI offers seminars, courses and studies in the same area of
interest as the associated institutes. ABIPTI has also provided consultancy services to some
Brazilian universities and small industries, a technological information centre called
CAICT and also an international department with the objective to provide international
technical co-operation.
Publications
The Brazilian Lateness in the Field of Scientific and Technological Development; Science,
Technology, Society, Development and National Power; Scientific and Technological
Policy; The Inter-Regional Economic Imbalance: Science Technology and Region.
Interests in International R&D Co-operation
Technological institutions management, research evaluation, new areas of technical
development, and international technical co-operation.
Available Programmes/Opportunities
Quality control in the research institutes, the role of research institutes in the nineties,
territorial
management, international technical co-operation.
Technological Center Foundation of Minas Gerais
Address:
Av. José Cândidi da Silveira,
Tel: +55-31-4892000
2000 aixa Postal 2306
Fax: +55-31-4862200
Horto 31170-000 Belo Horizonte
Minas Gerais
In-Charge:
Contact with WAITRO: Dr. Evando Mirra de Paula e Silva, President
History
The Technological Center Foundation of Minas Gerais is a non-profit foundation created in
March 1972. After January 1977, upon the creation of the State Secretariat for Science and
Technology, CETEC became one of its affiliated institutions and the major objectives of
the Institute are to assist the mining industry. Besides being an accredited executive
institution to carry out parts of the Basic Plan of Scientific and Technological Development
of Brazil, CETEC also provides technological assistance to the local industries.
Objectives
To study and solve technological problems arising from or related to the productive system.
Fields of Interest: Applied sciences, engineering, techno-economic and social studies,
productivity studies, industrial engineering.
Pilot plant operations, technical information, performance testing, standardization and
quality control, library.
Publications
CETEC issues periodicals.
Applied sciences, engineering, food technology, metallurgy, etc.
Training, seminars, workshops.
National Institute of Technology
Address:
Av. Venezuela
Tel: +55-21-2233166
20.081-310 RJ
Fax: +55-21-2636552
82 Rio de Janeiro
In-Charge: Ing. Alfredo Octavio Russo,
Contact with WAITRO: Mr. Caetano Moraes, Sub-Director
History
INTI is an autonomous organization within the Ministry of Industry created in 1957 to
assist industry in solving the technological, training and management problems arising
from its development and operation. This assistance is given to industry in the form of
applied technical research, testing and investigation, courses, lectures, symposia, etc.,
carried out at their main laboratories or through the research centres of the INTI System.
Objectives
To assist industry in solving the technological, training and managerial problems arising
from its
development and operation.
Fields of Interest: Food technology, leather, paper and textile technologies, rubber
technology,
metrology, materials behaviour and testing (fatigue, creep, fracture, testing, etc.) and
quality control.
Basic and applied research, development, pilot plant operations, industrial implementation
of research
results.
Publications
A quarterly review and a weekly bulletin.
In areas of R&Dactivity
Seminars, workshops.
Institute for Technological Research of the State of São Pulo
(Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo S.A.)
Address:
International Relations Division
Tel: +55-11-2682211
Cidade Universitária "Armando de
Salles Oliveira"
Fax: +55-11-8195730
P.O.Box 0141
São Paulo - SP
In-Charge: Dr. Plinio Assmann, Superintendent Director
Contact with WAITRO: Dr. Plinio Assmann, Superintendent Director
History
IPT was founded in 1899 as the Strength of Materials Bureau of the Escola Politécnica of
São Paulo. In 1931 it became officially the laboratory for Materials Testing and in 1934
when it acquired its present name, it became an institute annex to the University of São
Paulo. In 1944 it became an independent institute and in 1976 it was restructured as a stateowned, non-profit public corporation. As the result of an administrative reorganization,
IPT´s technical activities are currently developed under eight technical divisions.
Objectives
To provide for the demand of science and technology of the public and private sectors in its
areas of specialization, and to contribute to the development of science and technology.
Fields of Interest: Civil engineering, economics and systems engineering, geology,
mechanics and electricity, metallurgy, forest products, chemistry and transportation
technology.
Training, systems of metrology and industrial standards, documentation centre and
protection of
patents, testing and analyses, technological development, data banks (Dialogue).
Publications
Technical bulletins, technical communications, manuals, textbooks, congress proceedings.
Technology transfer, linkages, contracts, training, seminars.
Funding Organizations with Interests in Brazil
Vitae, Apoio à Cultura, Educação e Promoçao Social
Rua Oscar Freire 379, 5 andar
01426-001 Sao Paulo, Brazil
Tel: +55-11-3061-5299; Fax: +55-11-883-6361
Regina Weinberg, Executive Director
1998 Appropriations: US$5.4 million (42% education)
Americas (AMERICAS) Program of the National Science Foundation
Ph: 703/306-1706;Fax: 703/306-0474
www.nsf.gov
Regional Coordinator:Harold Stolberg [email protected]
Central and South America (except Mexico, Brazil): Beverly [email protected]
Brazil: Susan Parris [email protected]
Brazil: Jean Barile [email protected]
National Council for Science and Technology Development (CNPQ)
The mission of the CNPQ is to promote scientific and technological development of the
Country and to contribute to the formation of national politics on science and technology.
For the fulfilment of its mission, the CNPQ carries through two basic activities: research
and human resources development directed toward the S&T activities.
Central de Atendimento
0800 61 96 97 (ligação gratuita)
[email protected]
http://www.cnpq.br/
SEPN 507, Bloco "B",
Ed. Sede CNPq
70740-901 Brasília, DF
Telefone Geral/Pabx
(61) 348-9000
The State of São Paulo Research Foundation
Rua Pio XI, 1500 - Alto da Lapa
CEP 05468-901São Paulo/SP - Brasil
tel: (++55) 11 3 8 3 8.4000
fax: (++55) 11 3 6 4 5.2421
E-Mail: [email protected]
www.fapesp.br
As established by its constitution, the State of São Paulo, Brazil, allocates 1% of its total
tax revenue to FAPESP for the funding of scientific and technological research in all areas
of knowledge.
The creation of FAPESP in 1962, aimed at providing the State with an independent
research support organization that should complement and articulate with the federal
funding of research in the State. FAPESP is an autonomous body and works strictly on a
peer review basis.
To achieve its goals, FAPESP maintains regular and special programs of research grants
and fellowships. The total investment made by FAPESP during the fiscal year 1998 was
approximately US$ 250 million. Traditionally 30% of FAPESP's investment is directed to
fellowships.
Rockwell International Corporation Contributions Program
2201 Seal Beach Rd., Box 4250
Seal Beach , CA 90740
Purpose and Activities: Rockwell's giving priorities are: 1) Engineering/math/science
education at both the K-12 and post secondary levels. At the post secondary levels, major
grants are reserved for colleges/universities from which Rockwell has sucessfully recruited,
schools whose research programs are of interest, and schools which are sources of lifelong
learning for Rockwell employees. Lesser grants are awarded to schools in Rockwell
communities. K-12 priorities include programs to improve educational delivery systems, to
improve student learning, and to upgrade the capabilites of math and science teachers in
Rockwell communities; and 2) Organizations which provide services in communities
where Rockwell has facilities and employees. These include a broad range of health,
human service, civic, cultural, and United Way organizations.
Total Giving: $1,872,469
Grants Amount: $1,360,411
Highest Grant: $5,000 Lowest Grant: $36
In-Kind Amount: $512,058
Grantmaking Programs: ** Civic and Community: Grants are donated to organizations
which
support community improvement, provide job training and placement, and which
concentrate on
environmental conservation and ecology. ** Culture and the Arts: Contributions are
directed to
museums, public radio and television, symphony orchestras, libraries, cultural and
performing arts organizations, and theaters for the performing arts, mainly in communities
where the company operates. ** Education: The company provides grants to colleges and
universities with large research programs as well as schools of interest to Rockwell
International and schools from which Rockwell recruits employees. Rockwell also supports
organizations which improve elementary and secondary school education in major facility
communities. ** Health and Human Services: Company grants focus on hospitals, medical
centers, health organizations, community service organizations, and youth groups.
Recipients inlcude YMCA, YWCA, United Way, and American Red Cross.
Geographic Limitation: Giving primarily in areas where company has facilities
internationally,
including Australia, Brazil, Canada, China/Hong Kong, France, Germany, Japan, Mexico,
and the United Kingdom.
Program Limitations: No support for religious organizations for religious purposes or
non-501(c)(3) organizations.
Support Limitation: No grants to individuals.
Staff: 4
Application Information: The company has a staff that only handles giving. Requests from
organizations which provide services in communities where Rockwell has a presence
should be sent to the manager of the nearest local Rockwell facility. Application form not
required. Initial
approach: Proposal to nearest company facility. Copies of proposal: 1. Deadline(s): None.
Board
meeting date(s): Monthly. Final notification: 2 months.
Write: William R. Fitz
Descriptors: ; General/operating support; Continuing support; Capital campaigns;
Building/renovation; Equipment; Endowments; Program development;
Conferences/seminars;
Curriculum development; Fellowship funds; Scholarship funds; Research; Employee
matching gifts; Donated equipment; Donated products; Humanities; Arts/cultural
programs; Elementary/secondary education; Higher education; Engineering
school/education; Education; Health care; Health organizations; Human services;
Minorities/immigrants, centers & services; International economic development; Federated
giving programs; Mathematics; Engineering & technology; Engineering; Science;
Government/public administration; Minorities; Canada; France; United Kingdom;
Germany; Mexico; Brazil; China; Japan; Hong Kong; Australia; Community development;
Employment; Natural resource conservation & protection; Environment; Secondary
school/education; Early childhood education; Youth, services; Hospitals (general); Health
associations
Damien Foundation
Russ Bldg.
235 Montgomery St., Ste. 1120
San Francisco , CA 94104
(415) 421-7555
Purpose and Activities: "The foundation's aim is to empower those whose vision for
humanity
and the planet is democratic, fair and environmentally sound. The foundation supports
grassroots
organizations and projects whose work reflects compassion, consciousness and
commitment. The
foundation takes an international approach to grantmaking, awarding many of its grants in
South
America, especially in Brazil. The planet's delicate ecological situation is a challenge to
which the foundation responds by directing a significant portion of our grants to
environmental projects, particularly those that help raise awareness of the complex issues
involved. Projects organized by women or that evoke women's transformative potential are
encouraged. Communities that nurture the social, psychological and spiritual dimensions of
the individual are favored."
Assets Amount: $1,229,703 AM
Total Giving: $76,900
Grants Amount: $76,900 Number of Grants: 6
Highest Grant: $30,000 Lowest Grant: $1,548
Geographic Limitation: Giving primarily in the Southern Hemisphere, with emphasis on
Brazil;
giving also in Europe.
Governing Body/Executive Staff:
Officers and Trustee:* Tara Lamont*, Pres.; Mark Rabine, Secy.; Humberto Mafra, Treas.
and
Exec. Dir.
Application Information: Application form not required. Copies of proposal: 1.
Deadline(s):
None. Board meeting date(s): Varies.
Write: Mark Rabine, Secy.
Descriptors: ; General/operating support; Program development; Natural resource
conservation
& protection; Environment; Women, centers & services; Psychology/behavioral science;
Women; South America; Brazil
Brazilian Association of Technological Research Institutions
Address:
SCLN 109 bloco C
Tel: +55-61-3403277
salas 202-204
Fax: +55-61-2733600
Brasilia, 70752-530
Home page: http://www.abipti.org.br
In-Charge: Mr. Lynaldo de Albuquerque, Executive Director
Contact with WAITRO: Mr. Lynaldo de Albuquerque, Executive Director
History
ABIPTI is a non-governmental organization created in 1984. It represents the Brazilian
research
community, linking about sixty of the main technological research institutes all over the
country.
Objectives
ABIPTI's objective is to co-ordinate, harmonize and diffuse the results of the governmental
and
non-governmental technological research institutes. It represents the Brazilian research
institutes.
Fields of Interest: Basic Industries Technologies (TIB), quality, metrology, science and
technology information, science and technology management, standardization,
productivity.
Consultancy and training: ABIPTI offers seminars, courses and studies in the same area of
interest as the associated institutes. ABIPTI has also provided consultancy services to some
Brazilian universities and small industries, a technological information centre called
CAICT and also an international department with the objective to provide international
technical co-operation.
Publications
The Brazilian Lateness in the Field of Scientific and Technological Development; Science,
Technology, Society, Development and National Power; Scientific and Technological
Policy; The Inter-Regional Economic Imbalance: Science Technology and Region.
Technological institutions management, research evaluation, new areas of technical
development, and international technical co-operation.
Quality control in the research institutes, the role of research institutes in the nineties,
territorial
management, international technical co-operation.
Technological Center Foundation of Minas Gerais
Address:
Av. José Cândidi da Silveira,
Tel: +55-31-4892000
2000 aixa Postal 2306
Fax: +55-31-4862200
Horto 31170-000 Belo Horizonte
Minas Gerais
In-Charge:
Contact with WAITRO: Dr. Evando Mirra de Paula e Silva, President
History
The Technological Center Foundation of Minas Gerais is a non-profit foundation created in
March 1972. After January 1977, upon the creation of the State Secretariat for Science and
Technology, CETEC became one of its affiliated institutions and the major objectives of
the Institute are to assist the mining industry. Besides being an accredited executive
institution to carry out parts of the Basic Plan of Scientific and Technological Development
of Brazil, CETEC also provides technological assistance to the local industries.
Objectives
To study and solve technological problems arising from or related to the productive system.
Fields of Interest: Applied sciences, engineering, techno-economic and social studies,
productivity studies, industrial engineering.
Pilot plant operations, technical information, performance testing, standardization and
quality control, library.
Publications
CETEC issues periodicals.
Applied sciences, engineering, food technology, metallurgy, etc.
National Institute of Technology
Address:
Av. Venezuela
Tel: +55-21-2233166
20.081-310 RJ
Fax: +55-21-2636552
82 Rio de Janeiro
In-Charge: Ing. Alfredo Octavio Russo,
Contact with WAITRO: Mr. Caetano Moraes, Sub-Director
History
INTI is an autonomous organization within the Ministry of Industry created in 1957 to
assist industry in solving the technological, training and management problems arising
from its development and operation. This assistance is given to industry in the form of
applied technical research, testing and investigation, courses, lectures, symposia, etc.,
carried out at their main laboratories or through the research centres of the INTI System.
Objectives
To assist industry in solving the technological, training and managerial problems arising
from its
development and operation.
Fields of Interest: Food technology, leather, paper and textile technologies, rubber
technology,
metrology, materials behaviour and testing (fatigue, creep, fracture, testing, etc.) and
quality control.
Basic and applied research, development, pilot plant operations, industrial implementation
of research
results.
Publications
A quarterly review and a weekly bulletin.
In areas of R&Dactivity
Seminars, workshops.
Institute for Technological Research of the State of São Pulo
(Instituto de Pesquisas Tecnológicas do Estado de São Paulo S.A.)
Address:
International Relations Division
Tel: +55-11-2682211
Cidade Universitária "Armando de
Salles Oliveira"
Fax: +55-11-8195730
P.O.Box 0141
São Paulo - SP
In-Charge: Dr. Plinio Assmann, Superintendent Director
Contact with WAITRO: Dr. Plinio Assmann, Superintendent Director
History
IPT was founded in 1899 as the Strength of Materials Bureau of the Escola Politécnica of
São Paulo. In 1931 it became officially the laboratory for Materials Testing and in 1934
when it acquired its present name, it became an institute annex to the University of São
Paulo. In 1944 it became an independent institute and in 1976 it was restructured as a stateowned, non-profit public corporation. As the result of an administrative reorganization,
IPT´s technical activities are currently developed under eight technical divisions.
Objectives
To provide for the demand of science and technology of the public and private sectors in its
areas of specialization, and to contribute to the development of science and technology.
Fields of Interest: Civil engineering, economics and systems engineering, geology,
mechanics and electricity, metallurgy, forest products, chemistry and transportation
technology.
Training, systems of metrology and industrial standards, documentation centre and
protection of
patents, testing and analyses, technological development, data banks (Dialogue).
Publications
Technical bulletins, technical communications, manuals, textbooks, congress proceedings.
Technology transfer, linkages, contracts, training, seminars.
For More Information on Brazil
(source: http://www.eia.doe.gov/cabs/brazil.html)
http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/international/brazil.html
EIA - Historical Energy Data on Brazil
http://www.eia.doe.gov/emeu/cabs/sumt.html
Summit of the Americas Fact Sheet
http://www.odci.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/br.html
CIA World Factbook – Brazil
http://travel.state.gov/brazil.html
U.S. State Department's Consular Information Sheet – Brazil
http://www.state.gov/www/background_notes/brazil_0398_bgn.html
U.S. State Department's Background Notes on Brazil
http://www.fe.doe.gov/international/brazover.html
U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Fossil Energy's Overview of Brazil
http://www.embaixada-americana.org.br/
U.S Embassy in Brazil
http://www.brazil-round2.com/
Results of Brazil's Second Licensing Round
http://www.brasil.emb.nw.dc.us/
Brazilian Embassy in the United States
http://www.petrobras.com.br
Petrobras
http://www.embratel.net.br/infoserv/eletrobr/emenu.htm
Eletrobras
http://www.latinworld.com/sur/brasil/
LatinWorld's section on Brazil
http://www.natlaw.com/brazil/brazil.htm
National Law Center InterAm Database – Brazil
http://www.lanic.utexas.edu/la/brazil/
LANIC – Brazil
http://www.ecen.com/eee13/ecen13e.htm
Economy & Energy, Brazil
http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/samerica/br.htm
WorldAtlas, Brazil
http://www.ibp.org.br/indibpi.htm
Brazilian Petroleum Institute
http://www.brazilcalifornia.com/
Briefing.htm Brazil Economic Briefing by the Brazilian Embassy in Washington, DC
http://www-ioa.ucsd.edu/sectors/energy.htm
Institute of the Americas
2

National Overview - Brazil (source: CIA World Factbook, 2000 http

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