Vestibulares 2009

Vestibulares 2009
REGIÃO SUDESTE
Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - 2009
Read the text carefully. Then choose the correct alternative for each question.
Teens’ Online Safety Improved by Education, Research Shows
by Dian Schaffhauser
New research shows that teens’ online safety is improved by education.
Researchers from the University at Buffalo and University of Maryland surveyed 285 preteens and
early teenagers, both male and female, to determine how important they thought it was to protect their
privacy online and whether those beliefs affected what actions they took to protect that privacy.
Students were asked whether they protected their personal information on the Internet, whether they
opened e-mails from unknown senders, and whether they downloaded files from unknown people or Web sites.
The researchers found that preteens and early teenagers who were educated on the importance of
Internet privacy through school, parents, or the media were more likely to practice online safety than
those who weren’t. Among teachers, peers, and parents, parents were the most influential in delivering
that education, according to respondents.
A surprising result of the study was that experiencing a privacy breach online didn’t cause teens
to improve their online safety practices, according to one of the researchers, H.R. Rao, professor of
management science and systems in Buffalo’s School of Management.
“Students who experience Internet privacy breaches or computer security problems show less protective
behavior on the Internet,” said Rao. “This increases the chances that they will be victims again in the future.”
The study also showed that girls tend to practice more protective behavior on the Web than boys. The
researchers said they believe this is because girls consider online privacy more important than boys do.
The study was supported by a National Science Foundation grant.
(In: http://www.thejournal.com/articles/23646>. Access on: March 12, 2009)
64.To protect your privacy on the internet, you should:
A) open e-mails from unknown senders and advertisements.
B) know the source of the e-mails and files you receive.
C) avoid anti-virus protection and safety instructions.
D) download any kind of files and general pictures.
65. In terms of Internet privacy education, the research shows that students are morelikely to be influenced
by their:
A) teachers.
B) brothers.
C) parents.
D) peers.
66. Mark the option that is not correct in terms of grammatical and meaning construction.
A) Research on education shows signs of improvement on teens’ online safety.
B) Online safety of teens was shown improvement by education of research.
C) According to specific research, teens’ online safety is improved by education.
D) Research shows that teens’ online safety has been improved by education.
67. “Researchers from the University at Buffalo and University of Maryland surveyed 285 preteens and
early teenagers […]” (lines 02-03). The word underlined in the sentence above means:
A) interviewed.
B) pointed.
C) mentioned.
D) looked at.
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
32
Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto - 2009
68.Mark each statement with T (True) or F (False).
( ) Students who have experienced safety problems on the Internet are now more worried about online
protection.
( ) Researchers found out that preteens and early teenagers who have received information on the
importance of Internet privacy are more concerned with online safety practices.
( ) Girls are less likely to protect themselves on the Internet than boys are.
The correct sequence is:
A) T – F – F
B) T – F – T
C) F – T – F
D) T – T – F
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
33
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - 2009
Brazil: The Giant Down South
If Barack Obama came to visit Brazil— and he should— we would impress him with our bigness in
everything. We might even cause him to ponder just what all this bigness and ambition means for the
United States.
If Obama came, we would show him not just a good time, but a great time. He could join the biggest
party on earth (Carnaval) or go to the biggest football stadium in the world (Maracanã) to watch the
biggest, or at least the winningest, national team in action. We would awe Obama with our geography.
We’re bi-hemispherical, crossed by the equator on top and laying our feet near the South Pole. We can
sweat and freeze at the same time. We occupy more than half of South
America, we have the biggest river and the biggest iron-ore reserves on earth, and might just become
one of the world’s leading exporters of oil in the not-so-distant future. And if that doesn’t work— or if our
oil runs out— we will surely become the leading producer of biofuel. Our reputation for ethnic harmony
is a bit undeserved but, still, ours is the biggest experiment in racial integration and miscegenation in
history. We have a big, leftist (more or less) government but also a capitalist economy and are on the
way to developing a big popular consumer market for our own products and for imports. We also have
the widest spread between rich and poor in the world, however, along with the ugliest shantytowns
and probably the worst corruption scandals. When not having fun or being awed, Obama would have
much to think about. He may see us as a semitropical China, a giant stretching its limbs and demanding
attention— but a different kind of attention than it got in the past. He may notice that we have
Americanized, or McDonaldized, to a high degree, but notice, too, a sense in the land that it’s time our
bigness started to pay off and deliver on the future it promised. This might mean standing up like a giant
in defiance of old attitudes and submissions. Obama might view moderate Brazil as a good ally against
the radical populists popping up throughout the continent in the wake of failed neoliberal economics, or
he may see us as an emerging geopolitical threat. There are people in Brazil who are sure that the United
States is redeploying the Fourth Fleet to the South Atlantic just to show us who’s really big. We have big
ambitions— but big paranoia, too.
(Veríssimo, Luis Fernando. Newsweek, 28-07-2008.)
56 Se viesse ao Brasil, Barack Obama
A) aprenderia a jogar futebol.
B) deveria também visitar o Equador.
C) não se entusiasmaria com o nosso Carnaval.
D) se impressionaria com a grandeza do país.
E) sofreria com as variações de temperatura.
57 Uma das contradições do Brasil é ser um país capitalista com
A) capital reduzido.
B) governo esquerdista.
C) idéias conflitantes.
D) muitos analfabetos.
E) poucas dívidas.
58 Terra de muitas promessas, o Brasil, entretanto, também é
A) alvo de ações do tráfico de drogas.
B) campo fértil para contrabando.
C) cenário de violência urbana.
D) palco de escândalos de corrupção.
E) paraíso de sonegação fiscal.
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
34
Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo - 2009
59 Se visitasse o Brasil, Barack Obama perceberia que, em relação ao passado, o país está mais
A) americanizado.
B) endividado.
C) favelizado.
D) feio.
E) isolado.
60 O título do texto faz menção ao
eà
do Brasil.
A) analfabetismo / economia.
B) clima / beleza.
C) relevo / diversidade.
D) povo / pobreza.
E) tamanho / localização.
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
35
PUC RJ - 2009
Text 1
COLLEGE KIDS AND SLEEP
Here’s some unfortunate news for teenagers about to head off to college: New research being
presented today at the annual meeting of the Associated Professional Sleep Societies says that a
morning person is apt to get better grades than a late riser. Researchers surveyed 824 college students
enrolled in psychology classes about their sleep habits and daily functioning. Result: The better
5 performers were not the ones who stayed up until the wee hours and slept till afternoon. So what to do if
you hate waking up in the morning?
Use the summer to develop good sleep habits, and then minimize the damage come fall. Be
consistent. “The most important thing is try to maintain a consistent wake and bedtime in the summer,”
suggests Daniel Taylor, assistant professor at the University of North Texas and one of the study’s
10 authors. He’d advise going to bed most nights between 11 p.m. and midnight. If you do start turning in
and getting up later once you’re at school, continue to be as regular as possible, says Ana Allen Gomes, a
professor at the University of Aveiro in Portugal, who has researched college students’ sleeping patterns.
Become a morning person. At least two to three weeks before the semester starts, start training
yourself. “The best way to do it is to wake yourself up successively earlier every few days, and get out
15 in the sunlight,” says Taylor. The sunlight helps reset your internal clock. Schedule classes with care. “A
lot of kids turn into evening types when they go to college,” Taylor says. So don’t pick 8 a.m. classes just
because you’re used to waking up early for high school. Compensate. If you’re just not able to become
an early riser, and do end up with early classes, plan some study time in the afternoon, when you’re
less likely to be tired, Gomes suggests. And avoid studying all night so that you’re not exhausted in the
20 morning.
By January W. Payne
Posted June 9, 2008
http://health.usnews.com/articles/health/sleep/2008/06/09/
11 The main purpose of Text 1 is to:
A) explain why undergraduate students must avoid studying all night.
B) alert high school students to the dangers associated with college life.
C) criticize immature students who cannot adapt to rigid college routines.
D) examine in detail college problems that may affect students’ performance and health.
E) report on the results of a study that investigated students’ sleeping habits and academic performance.
12 The fragment “Here’s some unfortunate news for teenagers about to head off to college” (line 1)
introduces:
A) fair news for teenagers who are ready to quit college.
B) sad news for students about to go away from college.
C) unfavorable news for youngsters preparing to leave college.
D) regrettable news for teens who are ready to set out for college.
E) unexpected news for students who intend to drop out of college.
13 “The better performers” (lines 4-5) refers to the:
A) “Associated Professional Sleep Societies” (line 2).
B) “researchers” (line 3).
C) “college students” (line 3)
D) “psychology classes” (line 4)
E) “sleep habits” (line 4)
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
36
PUC RJ - 2009
14 According to the text, college students should:
A) avoid afternoon study hours by all means.
B) refrain from exposing themselves to sunlight.
C) make an effort to keep regular sleeping hours.
D) add to their schedules early classes in the morning.
E) develop new study habits and an evening routine of work.
15 Students are advised not to pick 8 a.m. college classes (line 16) because:
A) many of them fall into the habit of staying up late while in college.
B) they will not be able to wake up early after leaving high school.
C) college schedules are completely different from high school schedules.
D) undergraduates are never able to follow healthy sleeping habits.
E) high school kids enjoy waking up early, while college students do not.
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
37
USP - 2009
Two in every three people on the planet–some 4 billion in total–are “excluded from the rule of law.” In
many cases, this begins with the lack of official recognition of their birth: around 40% of the developing
world’s five-year old children are not registered as even existing.
Later, people will find that the home they live in, the land they farm, or the business that they start, is
not protected by legally enforceable property rights. Even in the rare cases when they can afford to go to
court, the service is poor. India, for example, has only 11 judges for every 1 million people.
These alarming statistics are contained in a report from a commission on the legal empowerment of
the poor, released on June 3rd at the United Nations. It argues that not only are such statistics evidence of
grave injustice, they also reflect one of the main reasons why so much of humanity remains mired in poverty.
Because they are outside the rule of law, the vast majority of poor people are obliged to work (if they work at
all) in the informal economy, which is less productive than the formal, legal part of the economy.
The Economist, June 7th 2008.
36 De acordo com o texto,
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
dois terços da população mundial vivem à margem da lei.
quarenta por cento dos recém-nascidos no mundo não são registrados.
o comércio em países em desenvolvimento é rigidamente regulado.
casos de posse ilegal de terra são combatidos pelos governos de países pobres.
os cidadãos de países em desenvolvimento esperam muito tempo para obter documentos pessoais.
37 O relatório citado no texto observa que
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
a ilegalidade é uma condição combatida em países subdesenvolvidos.
os dados estatísticos sobre a pobreza no mundo são incompletos.
o fortalecimento do poder legal dos pobres melhoraria sua condição econômica e social.
a pobreza só poderia ser combatida com a intervenção das Nações Unidas.
a economia informal está em vias de ser abolida.
In 1993, the dawn of the Internet age, the liberating anonymity of the online world was captured in a
well known New Yorker cartoon. One dog, sitting at a computer, tells another: “On the Internet, nobody
knows you’re a dog.” Fifteen years later, that anonymity is gone. Technology companies have long used
“cookies,” little bits of tracking software slipped onto your computer, and other means, to record the Web
sites you visit, the ads you click on, even the words you enter in search engines – information that some
hold onto forever. They’re not telling you they’re doing it, and they’re not asking permission.
Internet service providers (I.S.P.’s) are now getting into the act. Because they control your connection,
they can keep track of everything you do online, and there have been reports that I.S.P.’s may have
started to sell the information they collect. The driving force behind this prying is commerce. The
big growth area in online advertising right now is “behavioral targeting.” Web sites can charge a
premium if they are able to tell the maker of an expensive sports car that its ads will appear on Web
pages clicked on by upperincome, middle-aged men.
The New York Times, April 5th 2008.
ISP = Provedores de serviço de internet.
38 As personagens dos quadrinhos, mencionadas no texto, se vangloriam de
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
sua alegria de viver.
seu anonimato.
sua capacidade de navegar na internet.
seu mundo longe das telas.
sua vida simples, como a de um cão.
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
38
USP - 2009
39 Segundo o texto, os provedores de internet
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
mantêm sigilo sobre os hábitos de navegação e comportamentos dos usuários.
têm dificuldade de bloquear a invasão de programas espiões em nossos computadores.
pedem autorização para indicar o endereço do usuário a terceiros, como sites de comércio eletrônico.
obtêm dados a respeito de nossas ações na internet, havendo suspeita de que eles os vendem.
cobram pela utilização de alguns sites de vendas, a eles conveniados.
40 De acordo com o texto, a evolução da internet nos últimos quinze anos permite concluir que
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
o foco principal do comércio eletrônico são homens de meia idade.
a liberdade de expressão é o bem mais cultuado no mundo digital.
a supressão de “cookies” é um grande problema das empresas de tecnologia.
as buscas dos usuários na internet são previsíveis.
a vigilância a que somos submetidos é resultado de interesses comerciais.
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
39
KEY
REGIÃO SUDESTE
Universidade Federal de Ouro
Preto - 2009
64)b) know the source of the
e-mails and files you receive.
65)c) parents.
66)b) Online safety of teens
was shown improvement by
education of research.
67)a) interviewed.
68)c) F – T – F
Universidade Federal do Espírito
Santo - 2009
USP - 2009
36)a) dois terços da população
mundial vivem à margem da
lei.
37)c) o fortalecimento do poder
legal dos pobres melhoraria
sua condição econômica e
social.
38)b) seu anonimato.
39)d) obtêm dados a respeito
de nossas ações na internet,
havendo suspeita de que eles
os vendem.
40)e) a vigilância a que somos
submetidos é resultado de
interesses comerciais.
56)d) se impressionaria com a
grandeza do país.
57)b) governo esquerdista.
58)d) palco de escândalos de
corrupção.
59)a) americanizado.
60)e) tamanho / localização.
PUC RJ - 2009
11) (e) report on the results of
a study that investigated
students’ sleeping habits and
academic performance.
12) (d) regrettable news for teens
who are ready to set out for
college.
13) (c) “college students” (lines
5-6)
14) (c) make an effort to keep
regular sleeping hours.
15) (a) many of them fall into the
habit of staying up late while
in college.
As provas de vestibular aqui reproduzidas foram obtidas pelos sites das universidades.
A Richmond Publishing não tem nenhuma responsabilidade em relação ao conteúdo apresentado.
Photocopiable material.
40