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Transcrição

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1MRMWXVSWIQJE^IVVIGPEQEËÇSEPKYQEIWIQXMVEVTEVXMHSHIMRGMHIRXIW
GSQS S HS ZETSV 7ER 0SVIR^S ETIWEV HI MRWXMKEHS E MRXIVZMV TSV
EPKYRWNSVREMWMRGPYWMZISTV×TVMS)P(MEVMSUYISEGYWSYHIMRHMJIVIRËE
I JVEUYI^E
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ES &VEWMP I Ä TSPÑXMGE FVEWMPIMVE JEPWMJMGEHE IQ IWGVMXSW XIRHIRGMSWSW
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QIWQS S WIY KSZIVRS EXYEP GSQ E REËÇS EVKIRXMRE HE UYEP JE^IQ
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GSRXVEFEPERËEV E MRJPYÎRGME RSVXIEQIVMGERE 6MGYTIVS MRXIVTVIXSY GSQ TVSTVMIHEHI UYI S %&' WIVME YQE TVSNIXS
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8LISHSVI6SSWIZIPXIWIY1MRMWXVS1V6SSXGSRZMHEVÇSIWTIGMEPQIRXI
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RE TV×\MQE MREYKYVEËÇS HS 'EREP HS 4EREQÅ % VIEPMHEHI HS %&'
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SW TEÑWIW IVEQ GSQTPIQIRXEVIW S UYI WI XVEHY^ME RS MRXIRWS JPY\S
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TEÑWIW JE^MEQ TIWEHEW I GYWXSWEW EUYMWMËÙIW REZEMW WYTSRHSWI IQ
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ZM^MRLS 3 TSVUYÎ HIWWELSNIETEVIRXIMVVEGMSREPMHEHI IQ FSE TEVXI
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UYIVEGMSGMREZEQSPLERHSSIWTIXÅGYPSTVSTSVGMSREHSTIPEWKVERHIW
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HI ETVS\MQEËÇS IVEQ WYGIHMHEW TIPEW HI VIGIMS IQ UYI ZSPXEZEQ Ä
XSRE ERXMKEW VMZEPMHEHIW JEGMPMXEHEW TIPS GSRXI\XS LSFFIWMERS UYI
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% XÑXYPS HI WÑRXIWI TSHIWI EJMVQEV UYI E TSPÑXMGE I\XIVRE HI
6MS &VERGS TEVE E %QÍVMGE HS 7YP JYRHEZEWI IQ TVIQMWWEW GYNS
IRGEM\I XI×VMGS TIVXIRGI Ä KISTSPÑXMGE YQE ZI^ UYI E HMTPSQEGME
FVEWMPIMVE WI IWJSVËSY TEVE IZMXEV IQFEVEËSW RS GSRXI\XS GSRXÑKYS
JSWWITEVEQERXIVETE^JSWWITEVEIZMXEVSWYVKMQIRXSHILIKIQSRMEW
JSWWITEVEEGSRWSPMHEËÇSHSWXEXYUYSXIVVMXSVMEP'YQTVIJMREPQIRXI
SFWIVZEVUYIRÇSWIMRGPYÑEETVIXIRWÇSHILIKIQSRMEIRXVISWSFNIXMZSW
FVEWMPIMVSW VIPEGMSREHSW Ä ZIVXIRXI EXPÆRXMGSTPEXMRE QEW WMQ HI
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6MSHI.ERIMVS7ERXMEKS
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'SVVIWTSRHÎRGMEHMTPSQÅXMGEHI%WWYRËÇS&YIRSW%MVIW
1SRXIZMHÍY;EWLMRKXSR7ERXMEKS
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1EËSWVIJIVIRXIWE-I---GSRJIVÎRGMEWMRXIVREGMSREMWEQIVMGEREW
%VUYMZS2EGMSREP%26MSHI.ERIMVS
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4EYPS'SQTERLME)HMXSVE2EGMSREP
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RSXEFMFPMSKVÅJMGEIXI\XSWWIPIGMSREHSWTSV*VERGMWGS-KPIWMEW&VEWÑPME7IREHS*IHIVEP
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& - &0 - 3 +6 % * -%
&EGOIYWIV)6MS&VERGSKISKVÅJSIKISTSPÑXMGS6IZMWXEHE7SGMIHEHIHI+ISKVEJME
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92)74&VEWÑPME-46-
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VIPEXMSRW2SZE=SVO0SRHVIW'SPYQFME9RMZIVWMX]4VIWW
CCCCCCCCw%WVIPEËÙIWMRXIVREGMSREMWHS&VEWMPHYVERXIETVMQIMVE6ITÞFPMGEx
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(MJIPZXSQS---
'SRHYVY+YMPLIVQI*VE^ÇS%TSPÑXMGEI\XIVREHI6MS&VERGSSWXVEXEHSWHS
%&'&VEWÑPME9RMZIVWMHEHIHI&VEWÑPMEHMWWIVXEËÇSQIWXVEHS
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&YIRSW%MVIW4PIEQEV
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+%003)
GSQTMPEHSVIW 0E %VKIRXMRE HIP 3GLIRXE EP 'IRXIREVMS &YIRSW %MVIW )HMXSVMEP
7YHEQIVMGERE
CCCCCCCC )WUYIQEHIPETSPÑXMGEI\XIVMSVEVKIRXMRE&YIRSW%MVIW)HMXSVMEP
9RMZIVWMXÅVMEHI&YIRSW%MVIW
CCCCCCCC +EPPS )^IUYMIP GSQTMPEHSVIW 0E %VKIRXMRE HIP 3GLIRXE EP
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9RM×RTEVEPE2YIZE1E]SVME
CCCCCCCC 'SVVÎE 0YM^ *IPMTI HI 7IM\EW %VKIRXMRE &VEWMP 'IRXIRÅVMS HI
HYEWZMWMXEW?&YIRSW%MVIWA)HMXSVMEP'IRXVSHI)WXYHMSW9RM×RTEVEPE2YIZE1E]SVÑE
,IMRWJIPH%HIPEV%WEËÙIWKISTSPÑXMGEWHS&EVÇSHS6MS&VERGSIWIYWVIJPI\SW
RE%VKIRXMRE4SVXS%PIKVI4SRXMJÑGME9RMZIVWMHEHI'EX×PMGEHS6MS+VERHIHS7YP
XIWIHSYXSVEHS
0EJIV'IPWS
4IÕE*IPM\%VKIRXMREI&VEWMPRSWMWXIQEHEWVIPEËÙIWMRXIVREGMSREMW
7ÇS4EYPS(YEW'MHEHIW
0MRW¥PZEVS6MS&VERGS6MSHI.ERIMVS7ÇS4EYPS.SWÍ3P]QTMSZ
CCCCCCCC 6MS&VERGSŽIH7ÇS4EYPS2EGMSREP
CCCCCCCC 6MS&VERGSISEVFMXVEQIRXSGSQE%VKIRXMREEUYIWXÇSHS8IVVMX×VMS
HI4EPQEWXEQFÍQGLEQEHSHEW1MWWÙIW6MSHI.ERIMVS.SWÍ3P]QTMS
1EKRSPM (IQÍXVMS 3 GSVTS HE 4ÅXVME z MQEKMREËÇS KISKVÅJMGE I TSPÑXMGE
I\XIVRERS&VEWMP7ÇS4EYPS974XIWIHSYXSVEHS
1EVXMRW,ÍPMS0IØRGMSw%6IZSPXEHSW1EVMRLIMVSWx -R&6%7-0,MWX×VME
REZEPFVEWMPIMVE6MSHI.ERIMVS1MRMWXÍVMSHE1EVMRLEz7IVZMËSHI(SGYQIRXEËÇSHE
1EVMRLEZXSQS -&
CCCCCCCCC
'S^^E(MRS;MPP]w4SHIVIWGSQFEXIRXIWx-R&6%7-0,MWX×VME
REZEPFVEWMPIMVE6MSHI.ERIMVS1MRMWXÍVMSHE1EVMRLEz7IVZMËSHI(SGYQIRXEËÇSHE
1EVMRLEZXSQS-&
1M]EQSXS7LMKYIRSPM+ISTSPÑXMGEITSHIVRS&VEWMP'EQTMREW4ETMVYW
1SMXVIP1ØRMGE,EVX^3PMZIMVEw'SQMWWÙIWHIHIWXEUYIzWMRMWXVSWQEVÑXMQSWx
-R&6%7-0,MWX×VMEREZEPFVEWMPIMVE6MSHI.ERIMVS1MRMWXÍVMSHE1EVMRLEz7IVZMËS
HI(SGYQIRXEËÇSHE1EVMRLEZXSQS-&
1SVIP)HQEV%6IZSPXEHE'LMFEXE6MSHI.ERIMVS-VQÇSW4SRKIXXM)HMXSVIW
3RYOM .ERMRE w1IVGSWYP GVMWI I JYXYVSx 'EVXE MRXIVREGMSREP Rž JIZ
3XIVS (IPME (IP 4MPEV w0E TSPÑXMGE %&' YR JIR×QIRS VIGYVVIRXI IR PSW
TVS]IGXSW HIGSRGIVXEGM×RVIKMSREP HIPGSRSWYV PEXMRSEQIVMGERSx 6IW +IWXE Rž
6MGYTIVS6YFIRWw9QTIVWSREKIQHE6ITÞFPMGEx-R6MGYTIVS6
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CCCCCCCC 6MS&VERGSS&VEWMPRSQYRHS6MSHI.ERIMVS'SRXVETSRXS4IXVSFVEW
6SQIVS0YMW%PFIVXS &VIZILMWXSVMEGSRXIQTSVÅRIEHIPE%VKIRXMRE&YIRSW
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