Processos Avançados de Oxidação na Eliminação de Fármacos em

Processos Avançados de
Oxidação na Eliminação de
Fármacos em Águas
Residuais
M.A. Sousa1,2, C. Gonçalves1, Vítor J.P. Vilar3, Rui A.R. Boaventura3, M.F. Alpendurada1,*
1 IAREN
– Instituto da Água da Região Norte, Rua Dr. Eduardo Torres 229, 4450-113 Matosinhos, Portugal
de Bromatologia e Hidrologia, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Rua Aníbal Cunha 164, 4050047 Porto, Portugal
3 Laboratório de Processos de Separação e Reacção – Laboratório Associado LSRE/LCM, Faculdade de Engenharia,
Universidade do Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
2 Laboratório
* E-mail:
[email protected]
Emerging Pollutants
EMERGING POLLUTANTS can be defined as “pollutants currently not included in routine monitoring programmes at the European Level and which may be candidates for future regulation, depending on research on their ecotoxicity, potential health effects, public perception and on monitoring data regarding their occurrence in the various environmental compartments.”
(from the NORMAN Association: http://www.norman‐network.net/index_php.php)
6 Algal toxins
6 Antifouling compounds 6 Biocides
6 Complexing agents
6 Detergents
6 Flame retardants
6 Fragrances
6 Plasticizers
6 Personal care products
6 Pesticides
6 Pharmaceuticals
6 etc …
6 Analgesics
6 Antibiotics
6 Antidepressives
6 Anti‐inflammatories
6 Antiulcer agents
6 Anxiolytics
6 Cardiotonics
6 Diuretics
6 Lipid regulators
6 Sedative‐hypnotics
6 Steroids and hormones
6 etc ...
Pharmaceuticals in the Aquatic Compartment
Pharmaceuticals’ Cycle in the Environment
‐ from Mompelat, S. et al. (2009)
GOAL:
Good Chemical and
Ecological Status by
2015!
Legislation?
Directive
2000/60/EC
(WFD)
(Water Framework Directive)
(Environmental Quality Standards)
Directive
2008/105/EC
(EQS)
(Priority Substances)
Decision
2455/2001/EC
(PS)
Concerns?
¾ Low acute toxicity vs. chronic toxicity to wildlife;
¾ May act as Endocrine Disruptors, affecting reproduction, physiology and growth
of aquatic species (e.g. steroids, hormones, pesticides);
¾ May bioaccumulate in animal tissue (e.g. antifouling, fragrances, PFCs);
¾ May select resistant strains of pathogenic microorganisms (e.g. antibiotics).
Acknowledgements
Instituto da Água da Região Norte
Faculdade de Engenharia, Universidade do Porto
Laboratório Associado LSRE/LCM
Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto
Laboratório de Processos de Separação e Reacção
Bolsa de Doutoramento: SFRH/BD/44509/2008
Co‐financiamento pelo projecto QREN ON.2 –
O Novo Norte (NORTE‐07‐0162‐FEDER‐
000022)