organização para segurança e cooperação na europa

Transcrição

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ORGANIZAÇÃO PARA SEGURANÇA E COOPERAÇÃO NA EUROPA - OSCE
INTRODUÇÃO
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Prezados Ministros,
Este material auxiliar foi pensado no intuito de situar cada nação que será representada
em nosso comitê dentro de uma temática tão ampla quanto a que será debatida pelos senhores
durante a simulação. Ele é um ponto de partida para as pesquisas complementares ao Guia de
Estudos e fornece, através dos links, um rápido panorama de como o tema “Controle de
Armas e Segurança nas Fronteiras Europeias” tem se desenvolvido em cada Estadoparticipante.
Apresentaremos, inicialmente, uma lista de links gerais, que podem contribuir nos
estudos de qualquer um dos senhores, logo em seguida, traremos os países em ordem
alfabética juntamente com uma lista de links específicos, que trarão uma perspectiva geral e
os principais acontecimentos relacionados ao tema em cada representação. Não representa,
contudo, o posicionamento político de cada Estado, delineando, somente, pontos relevantes a
serem trabalhados pelos senhores durante a simulação.
É importante pontuar, entretanto, que este guia não exaure as pesquisas individuais dos
senhores, devendo servir apenas como norte inicial ao estudo. Lembrando que não há
delegação mais ou menos importante, discutir controle de armas e segurança nas fronteiras é
discutir não só esses pontos em si, como também terrorismo, mercado negro, tráfico, conflitos
étnicos, não-proliferação nuclear e muitos outros tópicos correlatos, Assim, o bom
desempenho durante a simulação dependerá, necessariamente, da qualidade de preparação e
do esforço individual.
Bons estudos!
Diretoria da OSCE
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SUMÁRIO
INTRODUÇÃO....................................................................................................................... 2
1
Links Gerais................................................................................................................. 6
2
Links Específicos......................................................................................................... 7
2.1
Albânia......................................................................................................................... 7
2.2
Alemanha..................................................................................................................... 7
2.3
Antiga República Iugoslava da Macedônia................................................................. 8
2.4
Armênia....................................................................................................................... 9
2.5
Áustria......................................................................................................................... 9
2.6
Azerbaijão.................................................................................................................... 10
2.7
Bélgica......................................................................................................................... 10
2.8
Bielorússia................................................................................................................... 11
2.9
Bósnia e Herzegovina................................................................................................. 11
2.10
Bulgária....................................................................................................................... 12
2.11
Canadá......................................................................................................................... 13
2.12
Croácia......................................................................................................................... 13
2.13
Dinamarca.................................................................................................................... 14
2.14
Eslováquia................................................................................................................... 14
2.15
Eslovênia..................................................................................................................... 15
2.16
Espanha........................................................................................................................ 16
2.17
Estados Unidos............................................................................................................ 16
2.18
Estônia ........................................................................................................................ 17
4
2.19
Federação Russa.......................................................................................................... 18
2.20
França ......................................................................................................................... 19
2.21
Geórgia........................................................................................................................ 19
2.22
Grécia........................................................................................................................... 20
2.23
Hungria........................................................................................................................ 21
2.24
Itália............................................................................................................................. 22
2.25
Kosovo (observador).................................................................................................... 22
2.26
Letônia......................................................................................................................... 23
2.27
Lituânia........................................................................................................................ 23
2.28
Mongólia...................................................................................................................... 24
2.29
Montenegro.................................................................................................................. 24
2.30
Nagorno-Karabakh (observador)................................................................................. 25
2.31
Ossétia do Sul (observador)........................................................................................ 25
2.32
Países Baixos............................................................................................................... 26
2.33
Polônia......................................................................................................................... 27
2.34
Portugal........................................................................................................................ 27
2.35
Quirguistão.................................................................................................................. 28
2.36
Reino Unido................................................................................................................. 28
2.37
República Tcheca........................................................................................................ 29
2.38
Romênia....................................................................................................................... 29
2.39
Santa Sé....................................................................................................................... 30
2.40
Sérvia........................................................................................................................... 30
5
2.41
Suécia........................................................................................................................... 31
2.42
Tajiquistão................................................................................................................... 32
2.43
Turquia......................................................................................................................... 32
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1 LINKS GERAIS
Arms Control Association: http://www.armscontrol.org/
BBC: http://www.bbc.co.uk/
Bloomberg: http://www.bloomberg.com
CNN Europe: http://edition.cnn.com/EUROPE/
Council on Foreign Relations: http://www.cfr.org/
Eurasianet: http://www.eurasianet.org/
Euronews (em português): http://www.euronews.com/
Foreign Affairs: http://www.foreignaffairs.com/
Foreign Policy: http://www.foreignpolicy.com/
Global Issues – Arms Control: http://www.globalissues.org/issue/66/arms-control
Global Security: http://www.globalsecurity.org/
Gun Policy: http://www.gunpolicy.org/
The Guardian: http://www.theguardian.com
Le Monde Diplomatique Brasil (em português) - http://www.diplomatique.org.br/
Real Clear World: http://www.realclearworld.com/
New York Times: http://www.nytimes.com/
Sipri (Stockholm International Peace Research Institute): http://www.sipri.org/
Strategic Studies Institute: http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/
Voz da Rússia (em português): http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/
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2 LINKS ESPECÍFICOS
2.1 Albânia
1.
http://www.mod.gov.al/
2.
http://trade.nosis.com/pt/Comex/Importacao-Exportacao/Albania/armas-e-municoessuas-partes-e-acessorios-secao-xx-mercadorias-e-produtos-diversos/AL/93
3.
http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/albania.htm
4.
http://www.president.al/
5.
http://www.dn.pt/inicio/opiniao/interior.aspx?content_id=2908899&page=-1
6.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/1935630.stm
7.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/albania
8.
http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/features/2013/
07/11/feature-01
9.
http://news.xinhuanet.com/english/2008-08/28/content_9731391.htm
10. http://g1.globo.com/mundo/noticia/2013/08/imigrantes-provenientes-da-greciapreocupam-autoridades-de-paises-da-ue.html
11. http://www.cartacapital.com.br/internacional/cai-o-numero-de-armas-nucleares-masaumenta-a-eficiencia-dos-arsenais-7347.html
2.2 Alemanha
1.
http://www.bundesregierung.de/Webs/Breg/EN/Homepage/_node.html
2.
http://www.auswaertigesamt.de/EN/AAmt/Koordinatoren/Abruestungsbeauftragter/Uebersicht_node.html
3.
http://rt.com/news/germany-arms-sales-arabs-407/
4.
http://hanskundnani.com/2012/12/26/germanys-arms-export-boom/
5.
http://library.fes.de/pdf-files/iez/05157.pdf
6.
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/9216791/Germany-andFrance-try-to-curb-open-borders.html
7.
http://www.ecmi.de/about/history/german-danish-border-region/
8.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_08_20/Alemanha-afluxo-de-imigrantes-daRomenia-e-Bulgaria-crescera-150-8895/
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9. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_08_19/al-qaeda-planeia-atentados-terroristas-naeuropa-avanca-jornal-alemao-5329/
10. http://trade.nosis.com/pt/Comex/Importacao-Exportacao/Alemanha/armas-emunicoes-suas-partes-e-acessorios-secao-xx-mercadorias-e-produtos-diversos/DE/93
11. http://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/57599.html
12. http://www.news.az/articles/armenia/80906
13. http://www.news.az/articles/karabakh/80889
14. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/germany
2.3 Antiga República Iugoslava da Macedônia
1.
http://www.vlada.mk/?language=en-gb
2.
http://www.mfa.gov.mk/?language=en-gb
3.
http://eu.missions.gov.mk/eng/foreign-policy/multilateral-relations/
4.
http://www.eurasiareview.com/09092013-kosovo-macedonia-trade-war-escalates/
5.
http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/macedonians-armed-to-the-teeth
6.
http://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/eu_arms_embargoes/yugoslavia/bosnia
7.
http://news.az/articles/karabakh/70272
8.
http://www.rferl.org/content/balkan-summit-cancel-kosovo-macedonia/25001274.html
9.
http://sofiaglobe.com/2013/06/25/macedonia-kosovo-sign-deal-on-new-bordercrossing/
10. http://www.armscontrol.org/node/3057
11. http://www.novinite.com/view_news.php?id=227
12. http://www.balkaninsight.com/en/article/kosovo-s-possible-partition-threatensmacedonian-stability
13. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/macedonia
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2.4 Armênia
1.
http://www.gov.am/en/
2.
http://un.mfa.am/en/
3.
http://armenpress.am/eng/
4.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-17398605
5.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/armenia
6.
http://www.rferl.org/content/armenia_committed_to_arms_control_treaty/24364117.ht
ml
7.
http://www.rferl.org/content/armenia_dismisses_azerbaijani_military_buildup/242495
43.html
8.
http://pt.euronews.com/2012/06/05/combate-na-fronteira-com-a-armenia-mata-cincosoldados-do-azerbaijao/
9.
http://www.armenianweekly.com/2013/08/15/armenian-solider-captured-crossingazeri-border/
10. http://www.tert.am/en/news/2013/02/17/nkr/
11. http://en.trend.az/news/karabakh/1433348.html
12. http://pt.euronews.com/2011/06/23/nagorno-karabakh-na-ordem-do-dia/
13. http://pt.euronews.com/2012/01/23/russia-quer-resolver-conflito-de-nagornokarabakh/
2.5 Áustria
1.
http://www.bmeia.gv.at/en/
2.
http://www.bka.gv.at/site/3327/Default.aspx
3.
http://www.bmlv.gv.at/english/
4.
http://pt.euronews.com/tag/austria/
5.
6.
http://armenpress.am/eng/news/685805/austrian-president-excludes-the-application-of-forceon-nagorno-karabakh-conflict.html
7. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/austria
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2.6 Azerbaijão
1.
http://www.mfa.gov.az/?language=en
2.
http://www.nkr.am/en/
3.
http://pt.euronews.com/2011/06/25/nagorno-karabakh-cimeira-termina-sem-acordo/
4.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2012/01/24/64544909/
5.
http://www.diplomatique.org.br/acervo.php?id=3020&tipo=acervo
6.
http://thehill.com/blogs/congress-blog/foreign-policy/317067-azerbaijan-underterrorist-gun
7.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/20/world/europe/leaders-call-for-end-to-armeniaazerbaijan-war.html?ref=azerbaijan&_r=0
8.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/feedarticle/10272722
9.
http://www.nytimes.com/2012/06/06/world/europe/armenia-azerbaijan-borderfighting-leaves-soldiers-dead.html?ref=azerbaijan
10. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-08-13/azeri-russian-arms-trade-4-billion-amidtension-with-armenia.html
11. http://iwpr.net/report-news/neighbourhood-watches-azerbaijan-arms
12. http://www.tol.org/client/article/23254-azerbaijan-military-spending.html
13. http://www.globalresearch.ca/azerbaijan-georgia-turkey-military-cooperation-toprotect-pipeline/5345103
14. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/azerbaijan
2.7 Bélgica
1.
http://www.belgium.be/en/
2.
http://diplomatie.belgium.be/en/policy/policy_areas/striving_for_global_solidarity/asy
lum_and_migration/migration/
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3.
http://www.mil.be/def/index.asp?LAN=fr
4.
http://www.mil.be/ops-trg/subject/index.asp?LAN=fr&ID=932
5.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/999709.stm
6.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_06_09/Na-B-lgica-foi-proibido-com-rcio-livrede-armas-de-fogo-7379/
7.
http://en.trend.az/news/karabakh/2112906.html
8. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/belgium
2.8 Bielorrúsia
1.
http://www.belarus.by/en/
2.
http://mfa.gov.by/en/
3.
http://www.vermelho.org.br/noticia.php?id_noticia=212371&id_secao=9
4.
http://udf.by/english/economy/80924-sipri-belarus-among-top-20-arms-suppliers.html
5.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/belarus
6.
http://www.lithuaniatribune.com/38666/russian-and-belarusian-arms-inspectors-arevisiting-lithuania-201338666/
7.
http://belarusdigest.com/story/unclear-future-local-border-traffic-poland-13511
8.
http://visa-free-europe.eu/2013/03/belarus-ukraine-poland-ink-intergovernmentalagreement-on-border-junction/
9. http://www.presseurop.eu/pt/content/article/2941011-nova-cortina-de-ferro
10. http://news.belta.by/en/news/president?id=701437
12. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/belarus
2.9 Bósnia e Herzegovina
1.
http://www.fbihvlada.gov.ba/english/
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2.
http://www.mvp.gov.ba/default.aspx?pageIndex=1
3.
http://www.oscebih.org/Default.aspx?id=0&lang=EN
4.
http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/Mundo/0,,MUL725111-5602,00.html
5.
http://agenciabrasil.ebc.com.br/noticia/2012-06-14/cruz-vermelha-alerta-para-riscosde-contaminacao-por-residuos-de-armas-e-municoes-em-areas-de-conflit
6.
http://pt.euronews.com/2013/06/12/bosnia-tenta-controlar-armas-ilegais/
7.
http://www.undp.org/content/bosnia_and_herzegovina/en/home/presscenter/articles/20
13/06/19/collecting-illegal-weapons-as-a-solution-to-improving-arms-control-inbosnia-and-herzegovina/
8.
http://www.oscebih.org/Default.aspx?id=11&lang=EN
9.
http://www.b92.net/eng/news/region.php?yyyy=2013&mm=06&dd=20&nav_id=8669
0
10. http://en.trend.az/news/politics/2159697.html
11. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/bosnia-and-herzegovina
2.10 Bulgária
1.
http://www.government.bg/fce/index.shtml?p=0023
2.
3.
http://www.bta.bg/en/home/index
4.
http://www.hrw.org/reports/1999/bulgaria/
5.
http://www.exportcontrol.bg/indexen.php
6.
http://www.ssrnetwork.net/document_library/detail/3378/taming-the-arsenal-smallarms-and-light-weapons-in-bulgaria
7.
http://www.dn.pt/inicio/globo/interior.aspx?content_id=1762465&seccao=Europa
8.
http://press.mvr.bg/en/News/news130905_01.htm
9.
10. http://www.dn.pt/especiais/interior.aspx?content_id=984266&especial=Novos+pa%E
Dses+da+UE&seccao=MUNDO
11. http://press.mvr.bg/en/News/news130829_01.htm
12. http://en.trend.az/regions/scaucasus/georgia/2009135.html
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13. http://pt.euronews.com/2013/09/10/fronteira-greco-bulgara-de-makaza-nimpheareabre/
14. http://pt.euronews.com/2013/02/05/bulgaria-acusa-hezbollah-pelo-atentado-de-burgas/
2.11 Canadá
1.
http://www.international.gc.ca/international/index.aspx
2.
http://www.canadainternational.gc.ca/prmny-mponu/canada_uncanada_onu/positions-orientations/peace-paix/disarmamentdesarmement.aspx?lang=eng
3.
http://www.oxfam.ca/what-we-do/campaigns/control-arms
4.
http://peacemagazine.org/archive/v03n5p17.htm
5.
http://www.cbc.ca/news/world/story/2012/06/04/pol-un-arms-control-canadachange.html
6.
http://www.forces.gc.ca/en/index.page
7.
http://pt.euronews.com/tag/canada/
8.
http://www.tert.am/en/news/2013/03/19/canada-meeting/
9.
http://news.gc.ca/web/article-eng.do?nid=713069
10. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/canada
2.12 Croácia
1.
http://www.vlada.hr/en
2.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/croatia
3.
http://www.ssrnetwork.net/document_library/detail/3747/measuring-up-arms-transfercontrols-in-croatia
4.
http://www.croatiaweek.com/croatia-4th-largest-arms-exporter-to-u-s-in-europe/
5.
http://www.state.gov/r/pa/prs/ps/2011/11/177958.htm
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6.
http://www.eubusiness.com/news-eu/slovenia-croatia.edf/
7.
8.
http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/features/2012/
06/26/feature-01
9.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/croatia
10. http://www.theguardian.com/world/croatia
2.13 Dinamarca
1.
http://denmark.dk/
2.
http://www.fmn.dk/eng/Pages/Frontpage.aspx
3.
http://forsvaret.dk/fko/eng/Pages/default.aspx
4.
http://pt.euronews.com/2011/07/05/dinamarca-inicia-controlo-das-fronteiras/
5.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/portuguese/noticias/2011/05/110511_dinamarca_rc.shtml
6.
http://noticias.terra.com.br/mundo/europa/comissao-europeia-condena-controles-defronteiras-na-dinamarca,c8682352316fa310VgnCLD200000bbcceb0aRCRD.html
7. http://www.ecmi.de/about/history/german-danish-border-region/
8. http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional,dinamarca-impoe-controle-emfronteiras-suecas-e-alemas,741312,0.htm
9. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/denmark
10. http://www.theguardian.com/world/denmark
2.14 Eslováquia
1.
http://www.foreign.gov.sk/en/home
2.
http://pt.euronews.com/2010/07/08/os-desafios-dos-hungaros-eslovacos/
3.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/slovakia
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4.
http://www.presseurop.eu/pt/content/article/68461-guerras-de-linguas-poder-efronteiras
5.
http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/europe/sk-industry.htm
6.
http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2013&mm=06&dd=05&nav_id=865
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7.
http://www.news.az/articles/karabakh/78731
8.
http://02varvara.wordpress.com/2008/08/14/many-countries-side-with-russia-on-theissue-of-south-ossetia/
9.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/slovakia
10. http://www.theguardian.com/world/slovakia
2.15 Eslovênia
1.
http://www.vlada.si/en/
2.
http://www.kpv.gov.si/en/
3.
http://www.mzz.gov.si/en
4.
http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional,croacia-e-eslovenia-encerraraodisputa-de-fronteiras,818499,0.htm
5.
http://e-uprava.gov.si/euprava/en/zivljenjskeSituacijeStran.euprava?dogodek.id=12646
6.
http://www.sloveniatimes.com/slovenia-signs-un-arms-trade-treaty
7.
8.
http://www.today.az/news/politics/86300.html
9.
http://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/58753.html
10. http://www.setimes.com/cocoon/setimes/xhtml/en_GB/features/setimes/features/2013/
06/20/feature-03
11. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/slovenia
12. http://www.theguardian.com/world/slovenia
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2.16 Espanha
1.
http://www.lamoncloa.gob.es/home.htm
2.
http://www.senado.es/web/index.html
3.
http://www.exteriores.gob.es/Portal/en/Paginas/inicio.aspx
4.
http://www.spainun.org/pages/home.cfm
5.
http://europa.eu/about-eu/countries/member-countries/spain/index_pt.htm
6.
http://www.elcorreo.com/
7.
http://www.loc.gov/law/help/firearms-control/spain.php
8.
http://fundipau.org/spanish-arms-sales-authorizations-exceed-8000-million-euros-in2012/
9.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/spain
10. http://diariodigital.sapo.pt/news.asp?id_news=532865
11. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-23578559
12. http://pt.euronews.com/2013/08/12/londres-mobiliza-navios-militares-madridpondera-recorrer-a-onu/
13. http://pt.euronews.com/2013/08/07/gibraltar-volta-a-manchar-relaces-entre-londres-emadrid/
14. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_08_22/russia-promete-resposta-a-espanha-pordetencao-de-russo-6941/
2.17 Estados Unidos
1.
http://www.state.gov/t/
2.
http://www.4uth.gov.ua/usa/english/trade/ijee0500/ijpp0897.htm
3.
http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67901/edward-alden-and-bryan-roberts/are-usborders-secure
4.
http://exame.abril.com.br/mundo/noticias/armas-devem-estar-sob-controleinternacional-diz-israel
5.
http://www.aljazeera.com/news/middleeast/2013/08/2013821191248433378.html
6.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world/us_and_canada/
17
7.
http://pt.euronews.com/tag/eua/
8.
http://www.defense.gov/
9.
http://www.army.mil/
10. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_07_20/eua-desenvolvem-armas-biologicas-nageorgia-4663/
11. http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/mundo/ult94u605178.shtml
12. http://www1.folha.uol.com.br/folha/mundo/ult94u440748.shtml
13. http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/11597/u-s-georgia-defense-talks-leavetbilisi-smiling
14. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_04_27/EUA-vao-prestar-apoio-intenso-Georgia/
15. http://2001-2009.state.gov/p/eur/rt/snec/c7560.htm
16. http://www.rferl.org/content/us-france-russia-nagorno-karabakh-azerbaijanarmenia/24618559.html
17. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/world/europe/obama-asks-russia-to-join-inreducing-nuclear-arms.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
18. http://www.ebc.com.br/noticias/internacional/2012/10/eua-nao-vao-aceitar-discussaoque-questione-independencia-de-kosovo
20. http://www.dn.pt/inicio/globo/interior.aspx?content_id=3275611
2.18 Estônia
1.
http://valitsus.ee/en/government
2.
http://www.vm.ee/?q=en#
3.
http://www.vm.ee/?q=en/taxonomy/term/58
4.
http://valitsus.ee/en/government/75916/ansip:-estonia-supports-georgia's-integrationinto-europe
5.
http://www.diariodarussia.com.br/internacional/noticias/2013/08/19/militares-daestonia-e-da-finlandia-inspecionam-instalacoes-militares-russas/
6.
http://www.sipri.org/research/armaments/transfers/transparency/national_reports/eston
ia/estonia-national-reports
7.
http://news.err.ee/politics/e2395a55-f923-4b52-aed1-5b903bc31269
18
8.
http://humanrights.ee/en/2013/05/refugee-organzsations-estonia-needs-independentborder-monitoring/
9.
http://valitsus.ee/en/government/64562/prime-minister-ansip
10. http://www.1in.am/eng/opinions_aropinions_2636.html
11. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/estonia
12. http://www.theguardian.com/world/estonia
2.19 Federação Russa
1.
http://government.ru/en/
2.
http://eng.mil.ru/
3.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_03_30/Navios-modernos-irao-patrulhar-fronteiras-darussia/
4.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2012_06_05/azerbaijao-armenia-conflito/
5.
http://www.osce.org/mg
6.
http://noticias.terra.com.br/mundo/apos-conflito-russia-e-georgia-reabrem-fronteirafechada,d2799ce682a0b310VgnCLD200000bbcceb0aRCRD.html
7.
http://www.dn.pt/especiais/interior.aspx?content_id=984266&especial=Novos%20pa
%EDses%20da%20UE&seccao=MUNDO
8.
http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional,putin-diz-que-vai-continuarapoiando-a-siria,1071962,0.htm
9.
http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/Mundo/0,,AA1627313-5602,00.html
10. http://pt.euronews.com/tag/russia/
11. http://pt.euronews.com/2013/09/06/siria-navios-militares-russos-cruzam-o-bosforo-ea-turquia-reforca-as-fronteiras/
12. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_04_30/novo-olhar-da-europa-para-rebeldes-chechenos/
13. http://www.eurasianet.org/node/64753
14. http://www.nytimes.com/2013/06/20/world/europe/obama-asks-russia-to-join-inreducing-nuclear-arms.html?pagewanted=all&_r=0
15. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_08_01/russia-kosovo-a-parte-do-territorio-servio-9122/
16. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/russia
19
18. http://www.dn.pt/inicio/globo/interior.aspx?content_id=3275611
2.20 França
1.
http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/
2.
http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/french-foreign-policy-1/disarmament-and-nonproliferation/
3.
http://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/franceprofile
4.
http://www.english.rfi.fr/asia-pacific/20130724-israel-takes-worlds-fourth-biggestarms-exporter-spot-france
5.
http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2012/04/germ-a26.html
6.
http://journal.georgetown.edu/2012/03/27/closing-french-borders-wont-stop-illegalimmigration/
7.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/france
8.
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/8408445.stm
9.
http://www.diplomatie.gouv.fr/en/france-priorities/defence-security/conflicts-andcrisis/the-nagorno-karabakh-conflict/
10. http://armenpress.am/eng/news/727080/
11. http://www.balkaneu.com/french-government-support-kosovos-efforts-eu-accession/
12. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/france
2.21 Geórgia
1.
http://government.gov.ge/index.php?lang_id=ENG
2.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_08_09/zurab-abashidze-para-georgia-n-o-poss-velabordar-atualmente-o-tema-do-restabelecimento-das-rela-es-diplom-ticas-com-a-Rssia-9650/
20
3.
http://pt.euronews.com/2013/08/08/presidente-da-georgia-culpa-a-russia-pela-guerrade-2008/
4.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_08_07/Ossetia-do-Sul-e-Abkhazia-comemoram-cincoanos-de-liberdade-3114/
5.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_07_20/eua-desenvolvem-armas-biologicas-nageorgia-4663/
6.
http://www.geopoliticalmonitor.com/arms-race-in-the-georgia-pipeline-4672/
7.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2012_08_10/georgia-acusa-russia-violar-fronteiras/
8.
http://gazetarussa.com.br/articles/2013/01/09/russia_e_georgia_se_dispoem_a_manter
_dialogo_regular_17151.html
9.
http://www.globalpost.com/dispatch/news/regions/europe/russia/121022/russiageorgia-drones-little-war
10. http://www.rferl.org/content/georgia-chechen-militants-allegations-saakashvilidenial/24970927.html
11. http://www.rferl.org/content/georgia-complains-about-russian-militarization-inabkhazia-south-ossetia/24647127.html
12. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_04_27/EUA-vao-prestar-apoio-intenso-Georgia/
13. http://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/58878.html
14. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/georgia
15. http://www.wsws.org/en/articles/2010/12/geor-d06.html
2.22 Grécia
1.
http://www.hellenicparliament.gr/en/
2.
http://www.primeminister.gov.gr/english/
3.
http://www.mfa.gr/missionsabroad/en/un-en
4.
http://www.amna.gr/english/
5.
6.
http://pt.euronews.com/2013/08/01/grecia-detem-membros-de-grupo-armado-turcoem-posse-de-armas-e-explosivos/
21
7.
http://icantrelaxingreece.wordpress.com/2013/06/23/the-return-of-the-securitybattalions/
8.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/greece
9.
http://pt.euronews.com/2013/09/10/fronteira-greco-bulgara-de-makaza-nimpheareabre/
10. http://pt.euronews.com/2013/05/08/o-drama-mortal-da-procura-de-asilo-na-grecia/
12. http://humanrights-jwg.org/en/karabakh/newskarabakh/562-greek-president-we-hopethat-the.html
2.23 Hungria
1.
http://www.mfa.gov.hu/kum/en/bal/
2.
http://www.kormany.hu/en/ministry-of-foreign-affairs/news/hungary-involved-inelaborating-arms-trade-treaty
3.
http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2005_11/NOV-Hungary
4.
http://pt.euronews.com/tag/hungria/
5.
6.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_08_20/eua-pretendem-criar-novo-estado-nafronteira-entre-ucrania-e-hungria-7466/
7.
http://www.mfa.gov.hu/kum/en/bal/actualities/spokesman_statements/Kosovo_recogni
tion_080319.htm
8.
http://en.trend.az/regions/scaucasus/georgia/2135846.html
9.
http://en.apa.az/news/198147
10. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/hungary
22
2.24 Itália
1.
http://www.esteri.it/MAE/EN
2.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_08_10/Italianos-protestam-contra-constru-o-denova-base-dos-EUA-0825/
3.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_08_06/shoigu-cooperacao-dos-militares-darussia-e-da-italia-estabiliza-situacao-na-europa-1936/
4.
http://euobserver.com/news/31915
5.
http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/americas/us-deal-to-arm-italys-dronesopens-new-front-in-arms-trade-7800844.html
6.
http://www.pressenza.com/2013/01/large-increase-in-eu-arms-exports-revealed/
7.
http://www.caspianreview.com/news/well-help-more-on-nagorno-karabakh-italianpm-tells-azerbaijan/
8.
http://www.yerevanreport.com/141971/resolution-nagorno-karabakh-conflictstrategic-importance-regional-european-security-italian-defense-minister/
9.
http://www.ambasada-ks.net/it/?page=2,8,76
10. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/italy
2.25 Kosovo (observador)
1. http://www.mfa-ks.net/?page=2,1
2. http://www.unmikonline.org/pages/default.aspx
3. http://www.theguardian.com/world/kosovo
4. http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/serbia/kosovo/
index.html
5. http://exame.abril.com.br/mundo/noticias/policial-da-missao-europeia-no-kosovomorre-apos-ser-baleado
6. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_09_10/Governo-da-Servia-desmantelouautoridades-das-comunidades-servias-em-Kosovo-7181/
7. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_09_16/empresa-alema-recusa-se-a-fornecerarmas-ao-kosovo-2099/
23
8. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_08_01/russia-kosovo-a-parte-do-territorio-servio-9122/
9. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/kosovo
10. http://www.dgabc.com.br/Noticia/255712/policia-da-macedonia-apreende-armas-queiriam-para-kosovo
11. http://exame.abril.com.br/mundo/noticias/kosovo-aprova-acordo-de-autonomia-daminoria-servia
12. http://www.strategic-culture.org/news/2013/02/23/syrian-rebels-get-arms-fromkosovo-and-bosnia.html
2.26 Letônia
1.
http://www.mk.gov.lv/en
2.
http://www.mk.gov.lv/en/aktuali/zinas/2013/july/130906-mp-01/
3.
http://www.mod.gov.lv/en.aspx
4.
http://pt.euronews.com/search/
5.
http://www.indexmundi.com/pt/letonia/
6.
http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/Mundo/0,,AA1627313-5602,00.html
7.
http://www.dw.de/baltic-states-show-support-for-georgia/a-3555990
8.
9.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/latvia
10. http://www.theguardian.com/world/latvia
2.27 Lituânia
1.
http://www.lrv.lt/en/government/vyriausybes-kanceliarija/Chancellor/
2.
http://www.lithuaniatribune.com/
3.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/lithuania
4.
http://www.nucleomilitarblog.com/2011/02/tensao-na-lituania.html
5.
http://www.presseurop.eu/pt/content/article/2941011-nova-cortina-de-ferro
24
6.
http://noticias.terra.com.br/mundo/asia/lituania-causa-tensao-apos-extraditar-cidadaorusso-aos-eua,5d697aa896f70410VgnCLD2000000ec6eb0aRCRD.html
7.
http://www.15min.lt/en/article/world/azerbaijan-hands-note-to-lithuania-overnagorno-karabakh-529-311265
8.
http://bnn-news.com/lithuanian-protesters-demand-russia-stop-occupation-georgianterritories-101133
9.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/lithuania
2.28 Mongólia
1.
http://www.mfa.gov.mn/index.php?lang=en
2.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/mongolia
3.
http://sebastianmarshall.com/mongolian-diplomacy-stay-out-of-war-with-russia-andchina
4.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/mongoli
5.
http://www.cartacapital.com.br/internacional/cai-o-numero-de-armas-nucleares-masaumenta-a-eficiencia-dos-arsenais-7347.html
2.29 Montenegro
1.
http://www.gov.me/en/homepage?alphabet=lat
2.
http://www.skupstina.me/index.php/en/
3.
4.
http://www.genevadeclaration.org/fileadmin/docs/GDMRC2/statements/MONTENEGRO_Statement.pdf
5.
http://www.poa-iss.org/CountryProfiles/CountryProfileInfo.aspx?CoI=236&pos=30
6.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/montenegro
7.
http://www.seesac.org/news.php?id=202
8.
http://pt.euronews.com/2009/12/19/balcas-celebram-abertura-das-fronteiras/
25
9.
http://pt.euronews.com/2009/05/19/servia-e-montenegro-rumo-a-normalizacao-dasrelaces/
10. http://pt.euronews.com/2011/11/08/balcas-580-milhes-de-euros-necessarios-paraajudar-regufiados/
2.30 Nagorno-Karabakh (observador)
1. http://www.nkr.am/en/
2. http://www.president.nkr.am/
3. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/country_profiles/3658938.stm
4. http://www.mfa.am/en/martsakh/
5. http://duas-ou-tres.blogspot.com.br/2013/09/nagorno-karabach.html
6. http://en.trend.az/news/karabakh/-/regions/scaucasus/azerbaijan/
7. http://www.sipri.org/databases/embargoes/eu_arms_embargoes/azerbaijan
8. http://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/ArmedNagorno.pdf
9. http://armenpress.am/eng/news/732652/we-must-evade-arms-race-for-settlement-ofnagorno-karabakh-issue-us-co-chair-of-osce-minsk-group.html
10. http://news.am/eng/news/171703.html
11. http://www.eurodialogue.org/Nagorno-Karabakh-will-not-be-Azeri-unless-the-lastethnic-Armenian-leaves-the-region
12. http://www.eurasianet.org/node/67329
13. http://www.gagrule.net/?p=10241
2.31 Ossétia do Sul (observador)
1. http://www.republicofsouthossetia.org/
2. http://topics.nytimes.com/top/news/international/countriesandterritories/georgia/south
_ossetia/index.html
3. http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/country_profiles/3797729.stm
26
4. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_08_26/Russia-continuar-apoiando-Ossetia-doSul-e-Abkhazia-diz-Putin-1476/
5. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_08_08/Presidente-da-Abkh-zia-E-preciso-por-umponto-final-na-guerra-6571/
6. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_08_08/ossetia-do-sul-pede-que-a-georgia-assineacordo-de-nao-uso-da-forca-1029/
7. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2013_08_07/Ossetia-do-Sul-e-Abkhazia-comemoram-cincoanos-de-liberdade-3114/
8. http://www.rferl.org/content/georgia-protest-russia-ossetia/25105021.html
9. http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/war/south-ossetia.htm
10. http://en.rian.ru/crime/20130201/179171824.html
2.32 Países Baixos
1.
http://www.government.nl/ministries/bz
2.
http://www.government.nl/news/2013/06/04/the-netherlands-signs-un-arms-tradetreaty.html
3.
http://www.unpo.org/article/756
4.
http://www.government.nl/news/2013/06/21/a-secure-netherlands-in-a-secureworld.html
5.
http://euobserver.com/justice/114327
6.
http://pt.euronews.com/tag/holanda/
7.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/netherlands
8.
http://mzhe.rks-gov.net/?page=2,42,686
9.
http://sia.az/en/news/politics/363871-netherlands-former-pm-regrets-over-unsolvednagorno-karabakh-conflict
10. http://avciya.az/index/eng/karabakh/karabakhnews/6924-netherlands-not-recognizeso-called.html
11. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/netherlands
27
2.33 Polônia
1.
http://www.mfa.gov.pl/en/
2.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2012_09_12/polonia-tera-seu-proprio-sistema-de-defesaantimissil/
3.
http://rt.com/politics/poland-missile-defense-invest-791/
4.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2012_09_04/87208116/
5.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2011/12/19/62507007.html
6.
http://www.euractiv.sk/fileadmin/images/Poland-border.pdf
7.
http://www.gov.me/en/News/108198/21st-Economic-Forum-Poland-offers-assistancein-border-security-fight-against-crime-hopes-for-soon-EU-entry-talks.html
8.
http://www.nti.org/gsn/article/poland-norway-call-tactical-arms-control-pact-russia/
9.
http://www.thenews.pl/1/10/Artykul/95290,Poland-will-never-abandon-itsresponsibilities-in-Kosovo-says-president
10. http://news.am/eng/news/48553.html
12. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/poland
13. http://www.theguardian.com/world/poland
2.34 Portugal
1.
http://www.portugal.gov.pt/pt.aspx
2.
http://www.exercito.pt/Paginas/default.aspx
3.
4.
5.
http://www.bbc.co.uk/portuguese/noticias/2002/020613_donmss.shtml
6.
http://www.observatorioal.org/
7.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/portugal
8.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/portugal
9.
28
2.35 Quirguistão
1.
http://mfa.kg/index_en.html
2.
http://www.diariodarussia.com.br/internacional/noticias/2013/06/26/russia-forneceraarmas-ao-quirguistao/
3.
http://pt.euronews.com/2013/05/23/quirguistao-prepara-se-para-fechar-baseamericana/
4.
http://www.osce.org/bishkek/104129
5.
http://www.irinnews.org/indepthmain.aspx?InDepthId=8&ReportId=34291
6.
http://securityassistancemonitor.wordpress.com/2013/07/12/arms-sales-drawingkyrgyzstan-closer-into-russias-orbit/
7. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/kyrgystan
8.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/kyrgystan
9.
2.36 Reino Unido
1.
https://www.gov.uk/
2.
https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/foreign-commonwealth-office
3.
http://www.publico.pt/mundo/noticia/navios-de-guerra-britanicos-visitam-gibraltarem-plena-crise-1602604
4.
http://una.org.uk/news/13/06/uk-signs-groundbreaking-arms-trade-treaty-un-ceremony
5.
http://www.publico.pt/mundo/noticia/reino-unido-vende-armas-a-siria-e-ao-irao1600467
6.
http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional,reino-unido-pede-fim-do-embargode-armas-para-a-siria,1034461,0.htm
7. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/united-kingdom
8.
http://www.armscontrol.org/factsheets/ukprofile
9.
http://www.theguardian.com/news/datablog/2011/feb/22/uk-arms-sales-middle-eastnorth-africa
29
2.37 República Tcheca
1.
http://www.vlada.cz/en/
2.
http://www.mzv.cz/jnp/en/diplomatic_missions/missions_of_the_czech_republic_abro
ad_1.html
3.
4.
http://praguemonitor.com/
5.
http://www.army.cz/scripts/detail.php?id=6721
6.
http://nesehnuti.cz/vystupy/czech-arms-play-significant-part-in-the-bloody-conflict-inegypt/
7.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/czech-republic
8.
http://www.armscontrol.org/act/2007_10/Mendelsohn
9.
http://www.presseurop.eu/en/content/news-brief/3124111-two-way-traffic-czechgerman-border
10. http://www.mvcr.cz/mvcren/article/austria-temporarily-reintroduced-border-checks-atthe-austrian-czech-border.aspx
11. http://en.apa.az/news_czech_republic_offers_mediation_in_settl_191302.html
2.38 Romênia
1.
http://www.mae.ro/em
2.
http://www.saferworld.org.uk/downloads/pubdocs/Romania_Export_Controls_English
.pdf
3.
http://pt.euronews.com/tag/romenia/
4.
5.
http://english.mapn.ro/
30
6.
http://www.dn.pt/especiais/interior.aspx?content_id=984266&especial=Novos+pa%E
Dses+da+UE&seccao=MUNDO
7.
http://www.azernews.az/azerbaijan/58103.html
8.
50
9.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/romania
10. http://www.theguardian.com/world/romania
2.39 Santa Sé
1.
http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/
2.
http://www.indcatholicnews.com/news.php?viewStory=22237
3.
http://www.catholicculture.org/news/headlines/index.cfm?storyid=16860
4.
http://pt.radiovaticana.va/bra/Articolo.asp?c=679471
5.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/vatican
6.
http://en.trend.az/news/politics/2039765.html
7.
23
8.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/vatican
9.
2.40 Sérvia
1.
http://www.srbija.gov.rs/?change_lang=en
2.
3.
4.
http://pt.euronews.com/2011/12/03/acordo-sobre-fronteiras-entre-a-servia-e-o-kosovo/
5.
http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional,servia-acusa-policia-de-kosovo-decontrabando-de-armas,403256,0.htm
31
6.
http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional,governo-servio-aprova-acordo-comkosovo,1024020,0.htm
7.
http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional,servia-e-kosovo-fecham-acordopara-gerenciar-fronteiras,806255,0.htm
8.
http://www.defesanet.com.br/geopolitica/noticia/2110/Servios-incendeiam-posto-decontrole-na-fronteira-com-Kosovo/
9.
http://www.theguardian.com/world/kosovo
10. http://www.ebc.com.br/noticias/internacional/2012/10/eua-nao-vao-aceitar-discussaoque-questione-independencia-de-kosovo
12. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/serbia
2.41 Suécia
1.
http://www.government.se/sb/d/2059
2.
http://www.forsvarsmakten.se/en/
3.
http://www.aereo.jor.br/2011/03/11/suecia-cresce-em-exportacoes-de-armas-masbreca-vendas-para-dois-paises-do-oriente-medio/
4.
http://www.forte.jor.br/2012/08/17/nova-lei-sueca-para-controle-de-armas-podedesagradar-a-exportadores/
5.
http://www.stormfront.org/forum/t814292/
6.
http://www.thelocal.se/39746/20120319/
7.
http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/sweden
8.
http://news.am/eng/news/83317.html
9.
http://euobserver.com/enlargement/114422
10. http://www.b92.net/eng/news/politics.php?yyyy=2012&mm=07&dd=16&nav_id=812
95
11. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/sweeden
12. http://www.theguardian.com/world/sweeden
32
2.42 Tajiquistão
1.
http://www.prezident.tj/en
2.
http://www.tajik-gateway.org/index.phtml?lang=en&id=31
3.
http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/tajikistan.htm
4.
http://www.mfa.tj/index.php?lang=english
5.
http://www.osce.org/tajikistan
6.
http://www.osce.org/tajikistan/56623
7.
http://www.osce.org/tajikistan/93721
8.
http://www.idsa-india.org/an-nov-00-7.html
9.
http://www.eurasianet.org/node/66152
10. http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/2012_10_22/tajiquistao-transito-armas-da-otan/
11. http://www.estadao.com.br/noticias/internacional,onda-de-ataques-mata-25-soldadosno-tajiquistao,612555,0.htm
12. http://noticias.uol.com.br/ultnot/efe/2004/05/29/ult1808u14135.jhtm
13. http://www.gunpolicy.org/firearms/region/tajikistan
14. http://www.theguardian.com/world/tajikistan
2.43 Turquia
1.
http://www.mfa.gov.tr/default.en.mfa
2.
http://www.un.int/turkey/
3.
4.
http://www.aa.com.tr/en
5.
http://www.hrw.org/en/europecentral-asia/turkey
6.
http://www.mfa.gov.tr/arms-control-and-disarmament.en.mfa
7.
http://controlarms.org/en/news/turkey-becomes-the-76th-signatory-to-the-att/
8.
http://pt.euronews.com/2013/08/01/grecia-detem-membros-de-grupo-armado-turcoem-posse-de-armas-e-explosivos/
9.
http://portuguese.ruvr.ru/news/2013_09_08/Turquia-envia-avioes-militares-parafronteira-siria-1223/
33
10. http://www.mfa.gov.tr/turkey-_s-fight-against-illegal-migration.en.mfa
11. http://www.focus-fen.net/?id=n313931
12. http://pt.euronews.com/2013/09/06/siria-navios-militares-russos-cruzam-o-bosforo-ea-turquia-reforca-as-fronteiras/
13. http://pt.euronews.com/2013/09/09/turquia-pkk-suspende-retirada-dos-guerrilheiros/
14. http://www.todayszaman.com/columnists-316842-azerbaijan-georgia-militarycooperation-and-turkeys-influence-1.html

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