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He xBJIxiOTCA 06x3aTenbHblMH. 3a,IlaLia 3T011 marsh' 3aKniocIaeTcx B
CACTaBJIeHHI3 o63opa coOTBeTCrBytOIIIHx HIJHUenT.jriii H npai.-n-nn1, KOmpble
CnoCO6CT80133JIH 6b1 3c1)43,ei7HaHoMy ynpasneHno cJlyxcfiaMx rHriiexbl
oicpyxcaioLUei cpenat.
B 4-oH rnase paccMaTpxsaeTcx sonpoc o6 onpenenexHH
cneumiHtlecxxx rpynn cneuxanHcTos, 3asxrbrx B cc])epe rHrHeHbl
olcpyxca.ioulefi cpeztbl. LLIHpoKax AHcl.yccHSl c rocyzsapcTSaMH-*IJIeHaMH
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H ApyrPuai 3axHTepecoBaxxblMx CropoxaMx npHBena K 3aKniozIelIHIo o
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06cy)KISaKJTcß nyrx, no KoTOpbIM 3Tx CneuHanHCTb1 npHBnelalorcx K
peuleHHK) npo6neM rHrHeHbl Ol.p}7KaloII;eH CpeAbl. OztxospeMexao
pacclvlaTpxsaeTCA pSiA acnei.TOB, KoTOpble cneAyeT }nIHTbISaTb Anx
HanaxCHBaxxx Me)FCAHCUHnnHxapHOrO coTpyjjHx9eCTBa Me)KnV
pa3nHzIHbIMx rpynnaMx cneuxa.nxcToB. 3aKnlozIxTenbxax tiacTb
,i[OI.eHTa nOCBAUIeHa nOBbluIeHHK1 KBanHCpHKauHH CneuxanHCToB
rxrHeHbl OKpy)ICaK)uleÉ CpeAbI. 06cy)KAexxe 3Toro Bonpoca B
3aKn10LIHTenbHOÏ3 rnase xopoIno COLIeTaeTen c ApyrHM cOIISrrCTByK)II.7;IiM
,IIOi.yMexTOM. B KoTOpoM pacclvlaTpHSaloTen BOnpoCbI o6yT1e131351 x
nOBbllneHHx
cneuxanxcToB B 0611aCTIi rHrHeHbII
olcpywalouleli cpeAbl.
O630p
KOMM2KTOBâHVIFi KaRpOB
3a nocnenHHe soceMb neT EBponeliCKHIi perHoH B03 cran csH,AeTeneM
r.lIV601Q3x x paAHiCalIbHblx nepeMeH. 3rx nonHTH2IecKHe, 3KOxoMHLiecKHe
H c0uxanbxble nepeMexbl noBnHHnx npaa.THgecKH Ha BCe acnei.Tbl
x;H3H13 BO MHOrIix roc}AapcTBax-neHa.x PerHoxa. IZepexoA K pbIHOIIHOÎi
3KOHOMHKe, 3KOxoMHiieCKIiÄ CnaA, 6e3pa6oTHua H npoAonwafouZHecn B
HCKOTOpbIx MeCTax BooppCeHHble KOHIbnHhTbl OTHOCSITCx K LIHCdIy
Ba)KHeIiuIHx np06neM EBponelicKoro perxosa. Bo MHOrxx cTpaHax
HeCTa6HnbHa51 3KOHOMHLlecKa51 CHTjâuHSI yC}Ty6nAeTCx nOCne,ACTBxiIMH
AecxTHneTHSIMx ,AnHBIIIeiicSl AerpaAauxx oKppKalorneli cpeAbl,
CKa3aBUIeï-ICx H Ha 3AOp0sbe nroAeli. Xapal.Tep H TSDICeCTb 3TOÂ
AerpaAauHH OKp))KaK1uXeH cpeAbl, a ralUKe ee BO3MOZCHble nOCneACTBxn
A.1151 3AOpOBb51 paccMarpxsaJIHCb B HeAasxeM AoKna,Ae B03, nOJIy`n'IBIneM
Ha3saxxe 3a6oma o 3aempautue.n.r due Eeponbl' (3). B 37UM AoKna,Ae
o6o3HaLIeH IlenbIIi pxA npo6neM rHrHeHbT oKp)7KaiouSei3 Cpe,Zlbl, KoTOpble
Tpe6yloT 6e3oTnaraTeJlbHoro BHHMaHHSI, H noATBepxüteHO HanHzIHe
6onbinHx pa3nH*iHÄ B yCJIOBxSIx OKpyxCatouleii CpeAbl H COCTOSIHHli
3AOpOB1)51 B CTpaHax C pa3BHTOF7 3I0HOMHKOFi H 3KOHOMHKOIi nepexo,ïHoro
neplloAa.
Bo MHOrwx rocyAapcTSax-*inexax Perxoxa, 3KOxoMHKa Koropblx
HaxOAIiTCx Ha nepexonlloll CI'a1lllag csoero pa3sxrHSi, roCyAapCrseHHble
cJIZ)IC6bI He pacnoJiar"dK1T AOCraIozIlIbiMx pecypcalvlH H KOMneTeHIn3erI Ann
ycneu.zFloro peuleltl-Ix asclyaabHblx npo6neM rHrHeHbI oKp}7xmlouneli cpeAbl
3TH npo6neMbl nacTO ycyry6nsgCyrcx ci3parMeHTanHeli crlyxc6 H x.ecTlanvI
pa3rpaHHLIeHHL'M OTSeTCTBeHHOCTH B Bonpocax rHrHeHbl olTj'xalolueïi
cpeltbd.
Ilpo6neMbl pa3yKpynxexxsl cnyxc6 H pa3rpaxwiexxsl
' ZT,pyroe Ha3salule m 6mKaulu3: 3a6oma o 6vdyu4.e.nr Eeponbt.
4
CJIY>K6b1
OKPY>KAIOLuEV1 CPEAbI B EBPOfIE 3
orsercraelnlocrx alcryerrbHb] bay ,unx MHOrt-n: rocygapers c 3iCCliioMliKdOIi
nepexoxioro nepxo,aa, Talc H nM5! 6o.1ee 3xOHOMvIFI=IeCI.i1 pa3sxTbA crpas,
BHe 3aBxcxMOCTH OT BxoxoMHHecxoro nonoxcexxx CTpaxbi no,ao6Has1
cHTVauxsl MoxceT rcpmBecrx x TOM); vTo npo6neMbl rxrxeHbl olpyxO3louzeH
cpeAbl 6y7y-r pernaTbcu pa3o6ute1nlo H Hecorna.coBaHHo.
ICaK 6bino 3acsxaeTenbcTBosaso B pxzie Mexcayxapo,tiHblX
npoTOxonos, cHTyauHSl B rocyAapcTBax-Hnexax Tpe6yeT
He3aMeanHTelIbxoro pemexxx 3TxX npo6neM, a Tam, r,Ae 3TO
uenecoo6pa3Ho,. - nepecMorpa cnoco6os pelaexxx npo6neM rxrxeHbt
oxpyx.alouxeH cpezibi Ha Me)KAyxapo,axoM, HauxoxanbsoM H
BHyrpi3HaIIHOHa,7IbHOM "ypOBHSIX. CVID,eCTBeHHbIM MeXaHH3MOM aAA
aocTIDxexxsl 3T0I3 uenx SIBnSIeTCS1 pecl)opMHpoBaxxe opraxH3auxoHHoH
H xaaposoH CTpylcrypbi Cm)IC6 H ytlpexcaexHH rxrxexbl ol.pywalouleH
cpe,abl B coHeTaHHH C ynytulexxeM noaroTOSxH H nosbluleHHeM
Ksanxcl)Hlcauxx coorsercrByloinHx cneuHanxcmB B cTpaxax PerHoxa.
OCHOBa Pa3BVIT1451 Clly)K6 fU1fr1@HbI
OKPÿ)KaIoLLl@VI C(J@gbl
IZpxHSITxe o6ucex no3xuHH no pecpopMHposagxlo enpc6 rxrxeabl
olcpyxcarouzeH cpe,abi slBnxerca pe3ynbraroM alcrxsxbIX ycxnHH H
KOHCynbTauHx rocyaaperB-tl.rlexoB Espone%icxoro perxoxa B Tetlexxe
psl,aa .neT. Hxxce npHSoAHTCx 1cpaTKHH o63op 3Toro npouecca.
B 1980 rout' rocyaapersa-tlnexbl EBponeHcsoro peraoHa B03
IIpxHSIJnS o6upo crpaTerHlo no aoCTHDICeHHIO 3aoposbx ,anx Bcex.
ara crparerxsl CAcpeaorotieHa Ha tlerblpeX rnasHbac sonpocax: o6pa3
H
3,uoposbe, 3aoposbe H oxpyx:aloluaa cpe,ua,
nepeopxeHTHposamie cxcreMbl 3apasooxpaxellKx H Mo6HAH3auxx
noaaepxa:H ARA nposeaexHx Heo6xoaHMbp pecpopM.
xcH3HH
,D.A.a pa3penieHH2 3TI3x npo6neM B 1984 rozw mcyzkapersa-tsneHbl
yrsepax.m 38 peraoHanbHbA 3aaat3 (4), xoropble 6bu1x aono.11HeRb1
H H3MeaeKb1 B 1991 roay (5). Ilpxlixrxe 3THX 3aaatl cram) rnasHblM
co61,rrxeM, onpeaenxsmHl,I npluislTHe Haex 3a0p0Bb2 anse scex, a ee
xoxuenuxx, npxxuxrlbt H cTpaTerHSI ulHpoxo orpax:eHb1 B
Halo-1oxaabHoH H sx}rrpexxeH nonxrxxe pa3nlruibIX mcyaaperstlnexoB. 3Ha,IHTensxoe tlHCnO 3aaatl HenoCpeacrsexaO CB51.3axbI C
r1uHeaoï3 orpyx:aFouceH cpezTbl.
B 1987 roay B oTtlere BceMHpaoïx KOMHCCHx OpraxH3auxH
061.eamIeHIUIx HauHx no ol.pyxcalonzeH cpe,ae H pa3BHTHro Haute
o6u4ee 6vdyusee (6) 6btno nposo3rnamexo, tITO aeslTenbHOCTb
BBEAEHVIE
5
nenose*secrsa AOnxcHa cne.II,oSaTb n0 n3'TH 3'CTOÄ.I1[BOro,
rap/viol-up-mom pa3BHTxX, xoropoe OnpeAenXeTCx KâK "pa3sHTHe,
OrBe.Ialomee n0Tpe6H0CTXM xaCTOXlrler0, He npenSlTCrEyS
B03M0)KHOCTfIM
63')TyIUHX
nOKOneHHÄ,
37[OBJIerBOpeHHeM EX norpe6HOcreIï".
CBX3axHbIM
C
B 1989 roA3' EBponeï3cxoe perxoxanbxoe 61opo B03 opraHx3osano
IlepBylo xoxtpepeHrrfuo no olpp3 xaIomeä cpeze x oapaxe 3AOposbx
Bo cDpaxxcpypTe-Ha-Maïaxe, B xoTopoil snepsble 3n1acrsoBanH
MxxxCrpb1 oxPpI:alomel CpeAbl H oxpaxbl 3AOp0Bbx 29 roc37:tapers-
iulexos. Ha Koxcpepelnuix 6bula rlpxxxra EBponeHcKax XaprxX no
ol.ppoxalomeli cpeAe H oxpaxe Aztoposbx (7). ara Xaprxx xBnxeTCx
KpynxblM IIlaroM B pa3BxTH11 cosMecrxblX Aeï3crsxH s o6nacrx
o6mecrsexxoro 3,Ijpasoopaxexxx H 3auurrbl OI.p37l.âiomeÏd cpeAbl.
B XaprxH npx3xaerCX npaso I:a)xuoro llenosexa xa ram)
oxP3)Ialomylo cpeAy, I.roropax 61.I o6ecnetimana ero 3Aoposbe x
6narononynxe. B HeH noAnepxxsaercx 3xatieHHe o6meil
orseTcrseHxOCrx xaNKAoro orAenbHOro LienOBeKa, opraxoB BJlacrx
H CV6bek-ros xo351ÄClBexxoI3 AesrrenbxoCTx 3a oJ.paxy oxpyx:asomeä
cpeAbl x pxA Ba>KHbIx npHxuxnos - raKxx, Kai npxxuHn
npeAynpe)KAexxx (cMoTpxre Hx).e) x npxxuxn "BxHOBHHK
3arp313xeHHS1 nnarxT" (ô ).
B 1992 r. xa KoHQlepexzuix Opralul3aruua 06beAHxeHxblx HauxH
no Ol.ppxtaronzCH cpe,ne H pa3sxrxlo B PHo-Ae-)KaneHpo BCrpeTHJnICb
IIpeACTaBFiTe.1nI 179 crpax, a Tai.xce Me)I.npaBHTenbCTBeHHbIX H
HerlpaBliTenbCTBeHxbIX opraxxsauxH. B npouecce noAroroBKx K
KoxcpepexuxH KoMxccxx B03 no BonpocaM 3AOposbX x
oxppIcalomeH cpeAbi noArorosxna OrIer (9). npeAcrasxsinxâ
HCYepnbu3aiomxH 0630p COCTOSIHxx 3AOposbx xacenexxX xame"a
nnaHeTbl B CBX3H C 0Kp3)ICalomeïH cpeAOÄ x pa3axTHeM. KOHCpepeHlpix
Ilpxxsina IlporpaMMy-21 (10), npeacrasnsnou}'Io co6ox crparerxlo
rapMoxxsixoro COUxanbHOrO H 9K0H0MIineCKorO pa3BHTxx Ha
c.neAylouzee croneTxe.
B 1992 ro,v EsponeHcxoe coo6mecrso npxxxno Ilsaylo nporpaMMy
AencrBld no rxrxexe oIppIsslomeis cpezml (11), xoropax stBnslercx
ceHYac OCIiOBHbIM CpeIICrBOM BbInonxeFn3x "IlosecrKH AHx Ha hD3-oe
CInJIeTxe" B pax EsponeïicKoro C0I03â.
B 1993 roAy no pe3yJriraraM Koxcpepexluu-I s Pxo-Ae-)Kaxeflpo B03
rrpxxsula HoBylo rno6a.ribHyso crparerluo no oxpaxe 3AOposb2 H
ol.pyxcaiomeH cpeAbl (12). B TOM we roAy no oAHOSpeMexxoïs
xxxuHaTxse .Apyrxx Cneuxanx3xpoBaxxblx 3nlpea.Aexxï3 00H
MxxxcrpaMx oxpyxo3lomeH cpezu4 B JIlouepxcKOx AeKnapazuux 61.ui
Irpe,anoxcex nglpoxxH npouecc xxrerpauxx (1 3).
CIIY?Kbbl
6
OKPY?KAIO14Ek CPE,Qbl B EBPOf1E 3
1994 roz[y B XenbCxHKx s vcnosxscx nperepnesmero
cvm.ecTSexxbie x3Me8e111131 EsponeHcxoro perxoxa 6b1na
opraxxaosaxa BropaA esponeHcxaA tcoHCPepeHrtxA Mxxxcrpos
ot.ppxmtomeH cpe,rmi x azxpasooxpaxexxA (14). becrrpeueIIetrrtmre
co6brrxx npeumecrsosasmHx nsrrx ner npxsenx x}BenxttexxKl
tuucna }^tacrtn-nws, npeztcraansmmm oxono nsrrxA[ecsrrx rocynaperszuteHOS. Ha 3rUÄ xoxclepetnura 61.unt orrpezxenettbr paMxx pa3pa6orxx
Hauxoxanbxbrx nnaxos Aeï3crsxi3 no npo6neMaM rxrxexbt
ot.ppcatomeH cpeAbr x 3uoposbsi. Mxxxcrpbt otp}xcatonxeH cpe,r$t
x 3,tipasooapaxer11.51 rar.x:e o6parxnxcb n BceMxpxoH opraxxsanYcH
3Apasooxpaset-nt2 c npocb6o» pa3pa6orarb cosMecrxo c Ap}rxmx
naprxepaMx seo6xozrxMble pet.roMexAauxx no pa3sxrtno cn9c6
rxrxet-mt oKp}xcatomeä cpeAbr (15).
B 1996 roay Ha Koxcpepetnn3x Oprdtn33auxx O6bezuimeHttbA Hauxit
no HacenewEnnm n}iffCraM (Habitat II) (16 ) 61.znx o6c371c.neti3.1 ogetn,
saxctibte npo6neMbr auexsarxoro xa-u>bsr ,tost scex x rapMotnmHoro
rcpoxamatntst B yp6atnixposatntoM MHpe. O.zraospeMetmo o6cpcaa.Tn3cb
tayecrsa xcx3t11,
3a>IIxrbt ceMex, AocrynaoCrx coLxxaJlbHbrx 6nar, npxsne4exxA
o6nxecraetß-locrx x orserCrsetiHoCTx npasxrenbcrs, napraepcnxx
npo6neMb1 Jntxsxztarurx 6eAHOCrx,
csA3etï x cornacosatntx AeNCraxit Ha Me)npyHapoAHoM yposxe.
%ellbCVIHKCKaA KOHCpepeHgNol N EBporleVICKNVI
nnaH Aet1CTBNVt no rV1rVleHe OKpy?KaFOw,eV1
cpeRbi
Kan 6brno onpeAeneHo Ha XenbcxxscxoH Koxcl)epexuxx s 1994 roAy,
paMKH pa3pa6orKra HauxoHaJrbxbrx nnaxos AeHcrsxt3 no rxrr3exe
oxp}-)Katozuei3 cpe.zxbi noApo6Ho xanoxcexbt B Esponeï3cxoM nnase
AeHCTSxH no rxrxexe oKppKatouxeH cpe.ubl (IS). Kntotiesbte npo6neMbr,
oHeptiexxble B IlnaHe Aet3eTSHH, KacatoTCA no,n,.uepxcxx H yl.pennexxA
cnyxc6 rxrr3exbl, noArorosKi3 COOTBCTCTBytouxxx cneuxanHCros,
enoco6Hbrx ynpasnArb H coJ.xeFÎCTSOSarb ocyruecrsnexxto nporpaMM,
HanpasnexHbrx Ha ynyamexxe rt3rxexbt oKp}xcatoruei3 cpe,zxbr.
lenbcHHxcKasr AexnaparzxA o 1xeHcrsr3srx no oxpaHe o>`-pricatorueH
cpeAbr r3 340p0sb51 B Espone (I 7) raKxce o6513btsaer rocyAapcTSa-xnexbr
inter alla pa6oraTb s Hanpasnexxx pa3pa6orKH paMoK nnaxxposaxxA
H ctsopMt3posaxxA nonxrxKx, Ael3crsexHol3 r3 cnpaseAnxsoz3 npasosor3
6aebr H coaAaxt3A 3cpc])errxsnbrx AHCTxTSZ.xMH. B ,L1eKnapauxx TatoKe
npx3Haercx, *3TO Ann per.nexxA 17pr3op13rerHbrx npo6neM rxrxeHbr
onpyxcaroruer3 epeAbr HacTOATenbHO Heo6xo,zxxMo ynyHrueHxe
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coTpyAHHUecTSa Mexr,3y pa3nHnHbiMH oTpacnAMH x035II3CTBeHHOÏd
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BCAOMCTSax rIpeKAeHHI3 H CTpyKTyp (KaK 061HeCTBeHHbIx, TaK H
iraCTHbrx)_ KOTOpble Co.IIeÄCTBOBa.nH 6bI BCCCTOpOHHCMj' nOAxOAy K
pemeHHro npo6neM rH:rxexbl o1.pyxaioLueli cpeAbi.
KoHI.peTabre 3aAaHH, o6o3HaHexxbie B ILla.xe AeiacTBHii B oTHOmeHHH
cn37>K6 rHrxesbi oKpyxcaioulei3 cpe,izbl, CBOAATCA x cneAylolAeMy:
pa3BHBaTb Ha HauHOHanbHOM, BH31TpHHaLjHOHanbHOM H MCCTHOM
ypOBHA:): HâAne)KalIIHe CJry7K6bI rHrHeHhl Ol.ppicaiouleH CpeAbi. a Tar.7Ke
Me3Iâ.HH3MbI, He06xO,IIHMble A.7151 peânH3aLZHH CTpaTerHii, HanpaBneHHbIx
Ha KoHTponb, rrpeTLpe?KAeHHe H perynHpoBaxxe He6naronpHATHbrx Anx
3AoposbA cpaK-ropos ol.pywaiorueï3 cpeAbl, a TaM, rAe 370 Ilenecoo6pa3HO,
cTHMynxposaHHe cpaicropos, cnoco6cTByioluHx yl.pennexxio 3A0p0sbA
H }7rjRiLneHHiO 6namnonSniHA nroAeH".
B o6nacTH o6pa3osaHHA H o6yveHHsl ccpopM}'nxposaHbl cneAyloLUHe
3a3aYH: "Co3AaTb CHCTeMy o6jRIeHHA H nOBbImeHHA KBanHciHl.âuHH Ha
scex yposxsrx ,ilnA cpopMHposaaHA pyKOBOAxLUxx KaApoB H rpynn
cneuxanHcTos no rxrxexe oKPSoKa.IoLlleï3 cpe,z;br, xoropbre 6yA}T HecTL-I
oTBeTCTBeHHOCTb 3a npOBeAeHHe KOHKpeTHbIx nporpaMM, HanpaBneHHbIx
Ha j'JIynrmeHHe COCTOAHHA rHrHeHbl Ol.p}waIDIIIeH CpeAbl, H ),TIpaBneHHe
3THMH npOrpaMMaMH".
CneLIHCpH9eCKHe 3a,3aLIH no HH(pOpMHpOBaHH10 061IIeCTBeHHOCTH H
CaHHTapHOMy npocBeLuexHlo npe,IlycMaTpxsaioT, B TOM nHCne,
BCeMepHOe o6ecne9exxe H yCHneHHe }RiaCTHA 061IICCTBeHHOCTH,
HatiHHaSl c CaMbIx paHHHx CTM nnaHHpOBaHHA, BbIABnCHHA
npHOpHTCTOB H BbIIIOnHeHHA nporpaMM B o6nacTH rHrHeiibI
oKpyxcaiolLleri cpeAbl. Taxoe yHacTHe AomxHO OCHOBbIBaTbCA Ha
npxxuHnax OTKpbITOCTH H pasxoro napTHepcTSa scex
3aHHTepecosaxxbrx cTopoH".
geSiTeJ1bHOCTb B03 nocne XeJ1bCNHKCKO17I
KOHcpepeHWIVI
Esponelicxoe perHoxanbxoe 6ropo BCeMHpHOFd opraxH3auHH
3ApasooxpaxeHl-IA B npouecce BbinonxeHldSI nporpaMMbl no cnyxc6aM
rHrHeHbl oi.py7KaiomeFi cpeAbr B PerHoxe no,urarnBHno Asa 6orIbIIIHx
Aol,yMeHTa ("Cny)c6bi rarHeHbI oi.py)ralouzei3 cpeltbi - 063op EsponeHcxoro
olmrra B AeBAxocrbrx rnAax" H "Pa3BHTHe cJr9rc6 rxrHeHbr or.pywarxnex
8
CllY?KBbI FV1l/1EHbl OKPY?KA1OW,E1-/.1 CPEpbI B EBPOnE 3
cpezbl s Espone - Bb16op nonHTHICH")(1, 18). B 3TT3x rry6nHKauxsnc
pacCMarpH:Baercx coc-nrosrxxe Cnyxc6 rxrHexbl or.pyxcâiorueiï cpeAbr
roc5zrapersax Esponer3cxorn perxoxa x Bbr6op norlFdT'Lnar Hx pa3BHrH51. B
uensA rinar-gzpoBarn3x Aarn)HeïuIIei3 pa6orbr H B coorseTcTBHH c MaxzcaToM.
nonrim-amrM B Xenbcr-u-noI, B03 npe.zulpHkurna par ,>zpyrHx HHHUxaTrm.
Ha I0HCj7mTaTT3BHOM COBeulaEnHI3 mc}zzapere-Hrrexos B BFumHloce B Hosr6pe
1994 rozxa (19). nocBSnueH.HoM o6Cy)K,neHmo,Aarzbxe%unHxAeHcrsHal nocne
Xe.rlbcHHxcrroH IaaxcPepe>urzni. Ha paccMOrpeaue roc3Aapers-Hneaos 6bul
npe,ncTasneH pig HoBbrx rrpoelCroB. OgcrH H3 ?TM. npoehTOB I.âCaeTCA
xOMnerZTOBaAHSI IM,ApOS, npocpeCCHOHarIbHOro o6yRlexr3Sr H nosbIIÜeHHSr
IcsanHcPHKanHH CneIZHanHcTOB Cny?K6 rHrHeHbr Ohp}7KaioIIleI3 cpejjbl.
Ozio6pHB yTror.3SIH1Tbri3 npoeKr. roc37tapcT3a-*inel-mI TeM Ca.MbrM erne pa3
noATBepAr3Tn3. HTO ycH.neHHe Bo3MmarocTei3 cnyxc6 rHrHeHbl oxpyxalorueH
Cpejrbl no 3NDehTrisHOrvey B0a$eHCIBHro Ha xe5naronpHSITHbre H onacHbre B
=He Ca.rMrapHH or.pjrliarolue cpeubr cPalcropbl SIB.nSIeTCSi OCHOBHOÏI ue.TIbrO
pecpopmn-Ipo$arn3sr ?Tax cmxc6.
L(enbro H Ha3HaHexr3eM npe,II,noweaxoro npoehTa, npHxSITOro
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pa3pa6aTbzBaloT H sxeapstloT mama mpe3Bbmaï-nrbn: Meponpturrxii no
.1111cBlr,ua111ur nocne,zlcrsxx aBapxïr x xec4acrxbrx cnrraes;
no Mepe Heo6xoAxMOCr1I, 3Ba1.-yHpytOT xCxTeners HIM nepecensnoT FIX B
,zxpyrxe Mecra;
nposepsttoT 14 IrpxxxMaloT nocneAylotllxe mph' coueHcrsrvr xceprsaM
HecLraCTHbn: cn}nraes tt tn: CeMbsn,r H. Hammen,
perxcTpxpytaT x xxcpopMxppor o 3a6onesaxtrsrx/TpaBMax; B03H1{cmxx
Bcnen,crBHe aBapHil.
Onoeeu{eHue o c#)aKmopax pucxa
O6MeHHBasteb HHCbopMau14eia o pxexe, cmpx6bl rxrxeHbl oxpyxcalollkeH
opera.' pa3pa6aTbrBatoT Me1.aHI43M1,1 no 6blcTpoMy pacnpocTpaxexxlo H
nonrIexHtO oTBeTHOI3 HHcpopn.tauxH, onoseluatoT 06111eCTBetrHOCTb o
BO3MONKHbIX aBapHSIx, BCpO51THbIx nOCneACTBHSrx H He06x0A14MbIx
AeHCTBHSIx no nxKBHAaIZHH nOcneACTBHÂ aBapHH. Cny)IC61I
o6ecnetIMBatOT npeAOCTaBneHHe HHcbOpMau414, peKOMeHAaIIHFi H
0m3aHHe nCHxonorH=reCKOI3 nOMOIAH B CJTriaSIx asapHH HJm3 r.âTaCTpO(p;
TIpeAOCTaBJISIKYr OCHOBHyiO HHCbopMauHtO O AeI3CTBH5Fx, KOTOpble H_y)KHo
npeAnpHHSITb AJIS1 1436exca1114Sl 1x3114 npeAynpexCAeHHSI asapHil, H Mep no
CoxpaWexHlo Bo3AeKCTBHx Hx nocnezzcTBxI3. OHM Tatcxce AonxCHbl
noo14p5rTb Ao6posoJrbHoe co6ntoAexxe Tpe6oBaHMÎI no npeAyTlpexC,aeHHto
aBapxH M CoAeHCTBOBaTb
ocseAoMnexxocTH B BonpocaX
HA3HALIEHVIE C11Y>K6 EVif VIEHBI OKPY)KAKDl.1.4E2 CPEAbI
37
6e3onacxocTx (BKnloLiaSI H 6e3o1-1acxocTb noTpe6xTeneI3) cpeAx
HacenexxA H B pâ3nHLlHbix c(bepax xo3SII3cTBeHHOß ,IjeSITenbxocTH.
Me3KCeKmopHOe compyäHUyecmeo u KoHcyrrbmauuu
CnpK6bI rxrxenbl oxpy7Kalolue cpe,Ijbl CoTpyl[HxLialoT Co BCeMx
roCy,LjapcTSeHHbIMH CTpyI.T)paIvIH H opraHaMH BnacTm, npxHHMaiomxMH
)RIacTHe B pa3pa6oTKe nnaxos ReTïcTsHli B Hpe3BblLialiHblx clilyauxSix,
H co BceMx 3axHTepecosaxxblMx CTOpoH.aMH B pa3pa6oTKe H
OCyII(eCTBneHHx nporpaMM n0 6e3onacxocTx noTpe6HTenSI. OHH
pa3pa6aTbIBaKYr KOMnneKCHble nnaHbI no 06eCneLIeHHK) He06xojmMbIMH
pecypcaMH B c1TyLlae asapxH H HH(iclOpMHpyKYr H KOHCynbTHpyKYr BCe
3aHHTL°pecoSaHHble roc){llapCTBeHHble CTp)icTypbI.
O6y4eHue u noebrcueHue KsanuituKauuu
3aAaLIH C1iyic6 rHrHeHbl oKpyx:alon;eÏI CpeRbI 3aKn101Ia1oTCx B
cne,gyiOIIjeM:
pa3pa6aTblsaTb 14 BHe,apxrb nporpaMMbl o6yLle111451 no BonpocaM
npe,rxorspaiuelnasx asapltï ,arm Bcex cneuxanllcTos B o6nacrH rxrxeHbi
oKPpxalouteiä cpe,abi;
nnaffiiposaTb H npOBOXHTb )nle1n35l aBapinilrbnA IleäcrsHli C IIpHBnexieHxeM
BcerO nepcoxana H 3axxTepecosainmix cnyxcô;
nOATOTbBHTb He06xoIIlümbIFl nepcoxan MeaH3GOB JIrIH oKa3aH112 Me,ILIüIHHCKOii
nommai )KepTBaM asapxii H Haune>KaIlgero nOBe,II,eHHx B asapHIïHbIx
cHTyauHSlx, cOIipoBOxaaiOnlHxcx TSDKenbIMH TpaBMaMK;
pa3pa6aTbzBaTl, H ocyluecrsnxTb nporpaMMbl ,unsl yYe6Hbix yipexuleHHki
n0 06yLIeHinO 6e3onacxocTx Ha nepBHLIHOM, BTOpHLnIOM H TpeTWüioM
ypossxx.
HayvHbre uccneôoeaHUR
CnyxK6bI rHrHeHbl oKppKalouleri cpe,rlbi nposolluT HccneAosaxxx no
onpelzenexxlo oloal.TOpOB, BnHxIOIuHX Ha noCne,IjcTBHA aBapHii H TpaBM,
I13),*-IaKYT HOBble MeT0,2IbI H 3KOHOMHLIeCKy10 3eeIcTHBHOCTb Mep no
npe£(}rIlpe)K,IjeHxiO, KOHTponIO H yripaBneHI3K) aBapHÂHbIMH cHTyauHSIMTï,
a Talgice OCO6eHHOCTH nOBeIIeHHx H COuHanbH0-3HI)HOMHLIeCKHe yCnOBHX,
Cnoco6cTsyloIIlHe B03HHKHOBeHHK) asapHli. KpoMe Toro, cny)K6bI
oIIeHHBaiOT oTRaneHHble nOCneJICTBHSi aBapHH, BKnIOLIasI M)TareHHbie H
Kaxueporexxble peaKLlxx, H33RIaKTT COCToxHxe 34opOSbx H nposO,IjSIT
CpaBHHTenbHble HccneAosalII38 rpynn nOSbIIIIeHHOro pxexa H HaceneHHx
B IlenoM.
38
CJ1Y?K6b1 FV1rV1EHb1 OKPY?KA}0111E171 CPEAbI B EBPOfIE 3
Kavecmeo eocdbi
OueHKa cpaKmopoe pucKa
Cnyx(61.1 raraeabl oxpyx:alonzei3 cpenbi BbISIBnsIIOT naTOreaabie
MHxpoopraxx3Mbl HnH nOTeuIIHanbHO OnaCHbie XHMHLIecxHe BengeCTBa,
npacyrcTByIOInHe ana MOrynxae nonacTb B BOny. Pa3pa6aTblsalOT
cHCTeMbI paxaero npenynpexcneHHA ,ZInSI BbISIBneHH51 H onosenZeHHSI O
CJIi'LIâSIX 3arpX3xexHS1 nHTbesOI3 BOZIbI. OHH OueHHBaIOT B03neHCTBHe
Ha OTnCnbHbIX nK)neH H Ha.Ceneaae B uenoM noTeHlZHanbao BpenHbilx
MHKpOOpraHH3MOB HJIH XHMHLICCKHX BCIueCTB, C}nieTOM COOTBCTCTBHSI
I.aLIeCTBa BOnbI neI3CTBroi:uHM CT1aHnapTaM Hund noc7y7lHOi3 HH(l)OpMauHH
o HaHnyLIIDeH npaKTHKe, npHHHMaA BO BHHMäHHe COIjHanbHOe,
reorpa(i)HLIecKOe a 3KOHOMHileCKOe pacrrpeneneHae rpynn nOBbIIIIeHHOro
pHCI.. KpoMe Toro, Cnyxc6b1 OnpenenslKrr, yzIHTblBalor H oueaxsalor
npHrOnHOCTb nOn3eMHbix H nOBepXHOCTHbIX HCTOLIHHKOB BOAbI H
OCyIIjeCTBnSIIOT MOHHTOpHHr, npOBOnSIT HCCnenOBaHHSI nOTpe6neHHA
BOnbI pa3JIHLIHbIMH CeKTOpaMH X035II3CTBeHHOH neATenbHOCTH.
OnpenensliOT noKanH3aljaio H KOnHLieCTBO noTepb BOnbI B CeTAX
BOnocHa&KeHHSt. OIZeHHBaKYr B03neHCTBHe HMeiOrneHCA H nnaHHpyeMOa
X03SIHCTBeHHOi3 neSlTenbHOCTH Ha KaLICCTBO Bonbl; paccnenrCYr wiano6bl
aKHTenCH H ,ZpTMX nOTpe6HTeneH no noBO,Ziy KaLieCTBa BOnbI.
Yvem u peaynupoeaHUe c#paKmopoe pucKa
3anaiiH no yLieTy Cl)aI.^rOpos pacha CBOnSITCSt K pa3pa6oTKe nonHTHKH no
3aLuHTe Bo,2jHbIX pecypcoB; pa3pa6orxe H nposeneHHio MoHHTOpxara H
Han30pa 3a HCTOLIHHKâMH nOn3CMHbIX H nOBCpXHOCTHbIX BOn C I.I,enbKl
o6ecneLleHHSI ax COOTBeTCTBHA neI3CTByioIÿHM CTaHnapTaM H HOpMaM.
CJry7x6bi nonDKHbI pa3pa6aTblBaTb H BHenpATb CHCTM nliijeH3HpOBaHHA
H BbI,2ZaiiH pa3pelIIeHHÏ3 H ripa HeO6XOnHMOCTH npennpHHHMaTb MepbI
no coxpaineaHlo noTepb B CHCTCMaX Bonocaa6SKeaaSi; o6ecneiIasaTb
Heo6XQLSHMyIO CTeneab o6pa6orica norpe6nsieMOii BOnbI; ocyIAecTSnATb
a nOOIIZpSITb MepbI no npenynpexcneaHlo 3arpX3HeHHH HCTOLIHHKOB
nHTbCBOi3 BOnbI, a TaKaKe npHHHMaTb MepbI no 06e3Bpe)K7iBaHHIO BOnbI
B CJrjniaS7X ee 3arpsI3HeHHSi.
OnosecueHUe o c,taxmopax pucKa
OnoseIlkexae o cpaKTOpa?{ pachâ, CBA3aHHOr0 c I.âLIeCTBOM BOnbI, Tpe6yeT
OT cJ7j rHraeabi OKp}7Kaioiueii cpenbi CnenyK)unHx ne13cTBHIi:
al:raBHO aH(1)opMHpoBaTb 3aaHTepecoBaHiibie CTOpOHbl o no7113e 3aInirtbi a
COxpaaesaA acTOLnüiKOB BonOCHa6xcexHA;
ocj'IuecrBJnrrb nporpaMMia no nponaraHne Mep H a3Meaexaio noBeneHHN
noTpe6HTeneH B I.Zenxx npo anaKTaxa 3a6onesaHaI1 BonHOro
np0HCX03KA.ei77IX;
HA3HA4EHVIE C1lYX6 EVlEV1EHbl OKPY?KAIOLL4EVI CPEAbI
39
y6exarb B Heo6xo,rIHMOCTH oxpaxbl BO,iüibIx pecypcos BnaAenbues H
apeHAaropos 3eMJ111;
pa3pa6arbrsaTb CHCTMI no paHHeMy onpe,uenelU-no H onosemeHHlo o6
31nd301IaX 3arpâ3HeHHSi nHTbeBOFi BOAbI;
ocymecrsnsrrb IlporpaMMbl no nponar aHAe Mep, KOropbrMH noTpe6xreJnm
MOrYr BOC11O11b30BaTbC51 AJIA CHH)KeHHA HJïN HCKJnO`ieHHA pHCxa BCIIbIIIIeK
BOAHbIX HHDexIIIÛI H pacnpocrpaaeHHA ,apyrxX 3a6oneBaHlfrt.
MexceKrnopHoe compyàHuvecmeo u KoHcynbmauuu
HanpaBJIeHHH AeATeJIbHOCTH cJIyz-.6bI jjO.II>KHbI
3TOM
KOHCyJIbTHpOBaTbCSI C
yirpexKAeHHAMH ApyrHx BeAOMCTB
(npOMbILIIJIeHHOCTb, CeJIbCKOe x0331HCTBO, nJraxxposaHHe H Apyrxe) no
BOnpOCaM pa3pa6orl.H KOMnJIeKCHbIx nnaHOB ynpaBJIeHHA I.âLIeCTBOM
BOAbI H COBMeCTHo c Apj?'xMH CeI.TOpaMx oIIpeAeJIATb npHOpxTeTHble
B
norpe6HocrH B pacnpeAenexxx BoAHbIx pecypcos. OHH TaKxce AoJlxcHbl
pa3pa6aTblsaTb MexKBeAoMcrseHHble MexaxH3Mb1 rio pa3peruexxlo
HaH6onee alclyanbxbrx npo6JleM, oxsaTblBaloLuxx pa3nH=Ixble o6JIaCTH
j.IeATeJIbHOCTH (HanpHMep, nOCneACTBHA 3arpA3HeHHA CBHHIjOM BOAbI,
nHIIjH, Bo3Ayxa, cpeAbr o6lrraHHS1 H T.A.).
06yveHue u noebiweHue KeanucibuKauuu
CJIj)K6bI rxrxexbl oxpyxca101Lleli cpe,ubl o6ecnegHSaIOT noCTOAHHOe
noBblLUeHHe KBaJIHCIHKauIix B 06naCTx ynpaBnexHA BOAHbIMH
pecypcaMH H opraxH3y1OT KaMnaHHH no npocseLUeHHIo o6111ecrseHHOCTH
B Bonpocax 3a1111-ITbI H coxpaxeHxA HCTOLIHHKOB BoAocxa6xceHHA.
HayvHbie uccneôosaHUR
B ccl]lepe HaSnrHblx HecneAosaHxli cJIy-Ac6bI pa3pa6aTbIBaIOT MCTOAbI
coseplIIexcrsosaHHx MoxxTopxHra BOAbI H MCTOAHKH AJLSr orrpeAeJIeHHA
3arpA3HexHA MâJIbIMH KOJIHLIeCTBaMH BpeAHblx BeluecTB; H3y*ialflT
C6aJIaHCHpoBaHHOCTb HCnOJIb30BaHxA BOAb1 pa3JIHzIHb1MH OTpaCJLAMH
x03AHCTBeHHOÂ AeATeJIbHOCTH; npOBOAAT 3nx,aeMHonorxiecxxe
HCCJ1e,IIoBaHHA 3a6oneBaHHïi, o6ycJlOBneHHbIX 3arpA3HeHHeM BOAbI.
Kayecmeo eo3dyxa
OueHKa cpaKmopos pucKa
OuexHBâA pHCK cs513axxbIH C KanecTBOM so3Ayxa, cJIpK6b1 rxrxeHbl
oxpyx:aloLUeIï cpeAbr ocy1.11eCTBJIAiOT MOHHTOpHHr noTexuxanbxo
onacxbrx xxMHT-IeC1cHx H 6HOAOrxileCKxx cpalcropos B aTMOCCl)epxoM
xnH
Bo3Ajxe 1x Bo3Ajxe noMerLlexHH, oLlexxBaloT FIX
ox.xAaeMoe npxcyTCTBHe H oueHHBa1oT Bo3,txeÂcTBIie Ha rpynnbI
noBbILLIeHHOrO pHCKa coAep,KaLqHMHcA xJIH MOryaHMH 3arpA3HATb
40
CllY>KBbI FVI1-14EHbl OKPY>KAKM.L4Ek CPEA,bI B EBPOIlE 3
Bo3Aj7x npxMecAMH. OHH conocTaBnSIiOT o6HappiCexHble KOHLIeHTpaIIHH
XHMHLieCKHx H 6H0JI0 rHileCKHx npHMeceli B BO3Ayxe 3aKpblThlx
noMeLÿeHHfl H B aTMoc(bepxoM B03Ay7Ce C AeIiCTByK)LgHMH HopMaMH urn
AocTynxoH HHItiopMauxeH o HaHn3nlLUeï3 npalcrHKe.
Cnyxc6bI OCyLIIeCTBnAK)T MOHHTOpHHr H OIIeHHBaIoT 3MHCCHH B
aTMOCCpepy, a TaiQKe KaiieCTBO B03Apca BHyTpH H mie noMeLIIeHHÏd;
OLieHHBaIOT BnHSIHHe Ha KaiieCTBO B03Ayxa HOBbIX H npHMeHAeMbIX
TcxHOJIOrHH B pa3nHiiHbIIX o6nacTAx X033IÏiCTBeHHOH AeSITenbHOCTH;
OCVIIjeCTBnSIiOT MOHHTOpHHr 3arpA3HeHHA B03AyXa B pa3n14LIHbIX
acneKrax: BeAOMCTBeHHOM (npOMbILIIneHHOCTb, CenbCKOe X035I11CTBO H
T.A.). reorpaCtHLIeCKOM (rbpOA/AepeBHSI, yP6aHH3HpOBaHHble/CenbCKHe
TeppHTOpHH) H COLIHanbHO-3KOHOMHLieCKOM. HaKOHeL[, CJIyi1(6b1
paCCne,ZZyiOT Kan06bl HcHTeneli H ApyrHx COIIHaJIbHbIX napTHepOB B CBS13H
C Hey'AOBneTBOpHTenbHblM KaiieCTBOM B03Ay7ca;
Yyem u peaynupoaaHue cpaKmopoe pucKa
C.Ty7K6bI rxrHeHbl OFcpy7lCaloLiZeÎ3 cpeAbl pa3pa6aTblsalar cTaHAapTbl H
HOpMaTHBbI AOnyCTHMOrO B03AeHCTBH5I nOTeHLIHanbHO OnaCHblx
XHMHLIeCICHX H 6HOnorHiieClcHx BeLnecrB, coAepHKaLLjHxcSl B aTMOC(pepxOM
B03Ayxe H s03Ay?ie 3aKpblTblx nOMeILjeHHïa; pa3pa6aTblsaiOT craHAapTbI
H HOpMaTHBbI no AOnyCTHMbIM I03HLIeHTpaLZHAM nOTeHLIHânbHO OnaCHbIX
xHMHiieCKHX H 6H0norH9ecKHx BeIIlecTB B aTMoc(bepxoM Bo3AyXe H
B03Ayxe 3a1CpbITbIX nOMeLIjeHHI3 H no npeAenbHO AOnyCTHMbIM Bb16pOCaM
nOTeHL>HanbHO OnaCHbIX xHMHiieCKHx H 6HOJIOrw4eCKHx BeLl1eCTB. OHH
AOn)KHbI pa3pa6aTbIBaTb pyKOBOACTBa, McTOAHKH H CTâHAapTbi no
npenorspaLuexxK) 3MHCCHH noTeHLuHanbHO OnacHbIx XHMHLieCKHX H
6H0JI0rH11ecKHx BeLIIeCTB; pa3pa6aTblBâTb CTâHAapTbl H HOpMaTHBbI
AOnyCTHMOTO B034eIiCTBH31 nOTeHIjHanbHO OnaCHbIx xHMHiICCKHx H
6H0JI0rHileCKHx BeLIIeCTB, COAepxcaluxxCSi B aTMOC(pepHOM B03AyCe H
B03AyXe 3aKpbIThIX nOMeLIZeHHIi; 3KOHOMHLieCKHe McXaHH3MbI,
CTHMynHpy10II;He BHeApeHHe TeXHOJIOrHii H MeTOAOB, HanpasneHHbIx Ha
yvleHbLIIeHHe 3aIP513HeHHSI arlvlOCcbepHOrO B03Ay7u3 H 803AyXa 3aI.pbITbIX
nOMeIIkeHHli, H CO3,11aBaTb CHCTeMbI npeAynpexcAexHA, paHHero
BbISIBneHHA 14 OnOBeLIZeHHSl o6 3IIH3oAax 3arpSI3HeHHSI B03Ay?ia H
npoueAy'pbI nOCneAVIOLIjHX AeHCTBHÎ3 B TaKHx CHTVaLIHAx. OHH AOnxcxbl
OCyLIIeCTBnATb MOHHTOpHHr 14 HaA3Op C IlenbK) O6ecneHcaHA
COOTBeTCTBHSI KaiieCTSa BO3AÿXa Aei3CTByiOIIjHM n'ai-tram-am H HOpMâM;
pa3pa6aTbIBaTb OCHOBbI nOAAepniCKH CaMOKOHTpOnS1 H nOKanbHOrO
MOHHTOpHHra aTMOCC])epHblX Bb16pOCOB B npOMbllIIneHHOCTH;
pa3pa6aTbIBaTb npOLZeAypbI no BblAaile B yCTaHOBneHHblx CnyiiaAx
pa3pelneHHli H nHLjeH3xIï, a TaKHCe paCCneAOBaTb HKâJI06bI HaCeneHHA H
06IIjeCTBeHHOCTH B CBSI3H C Hey21,OBneTB0pHTenbHbIM KaiiecTBOM B03Ayxa.
HA31-IA4EHVIE CTIY>K6 1-1/l7VIEHbI OKPY>KAIOLIIEV1 CPE,gbl
41
Onoee(d.çeHue o cPaKmopaX pucKa
OnOSeluexHe O c])axropax pMCKa B cB5I3I3 c KaTieCTBOM so3,(jy)ia CBO,ZCMTCM
K cne,aylULgeMy:
o6Mex HHcpopMaLlHeti c cOIIHalII,HbIMH naprxepaMx o pHCKe, ca513aHH0M C
noTeHIIHanbHO onacHbrMH xtnvili'IecKHMH H 6HOnorH'IeCKHMH npturiecsrMH
aTMoccpepxoro B03,IIyx2 R B03z137xâ 3ahpbrrblx noMenlexHH;
IIpellocraBnexxe HxcpopMalÛÛ3 H nosIcxeHHe nO111.3b1, nonjRlaeMoH OT me])
no ynjmeFÜno KaiiecTBa sO3Ryxa;
npOSe,aeHHe ny6nHYHbrx hâMnaHHI3 no nponaraH,ae Mep, Hanpasnexyn,rx
Ha yMerlbIIIemie HnH npeZlorspall[exxe pHCm 3a6onesaxHIi, cs513aHHbIx C
rIpHC)R'CTBHeM B Bo341j7{e spe,labDC sellZeCTS;
carp}'IIIiHilecrso co cpeucrsaMH MaccosoÏ3 HHCpopMalun-I B Acne o6ecnemelifl2
Haceneluui ,aocTosepxoii nxcpopMalnteïr;
pa3pa6oTKa HHCpopMalus011lnan{ cxcreM, o6Mex ,aatnibnvlH MoHHTOpInIIa H
Han3opa co scow,' COlnlaJn,xbIblH napTHepaMH.
Me>KceKmopHoe compyÔHULlecm6o u KoHCynbma[.{uu
B ccpepe csoeH ,aesrrenbxocTH cnyxc6b1 rxrMetil,i oxp}oicatoiAeti cpe,abl
COTp3mn3LIaiOT C rlpoMblLlIneHHOCTbiO H CMe>KtibIMH orpacnsBvin B Bonpocax
pa3pa6orKH Mexatüd3MoB Ao6posoJn,HOro co6Jno,zxetn3M j[eticrBytoLuIiX HopM
H OCynZeCTBneHHA HMI{ BHVTpeHHerO MOHHTOpHHra; COBMeCTHO C
COLjHâSIbHbIMH napTHepaMM, TaIQßvIH, KaK rIpOMbInuIeHHOCTb, cenbCKOe
x035IHCTBO H 3HepreTi3Ka, pa3pa6aTblsaiOT KOMnneKCIiyiO nOnHTHI.y H
Me?caHH3M1,I nnaxHpoBaxHSI. Otna cOTp37HI3LIaiOT c MHHiicrepCTBaMx H
Be,aoMCrBâMI3 no COni3anbxo-3KOxoMHYecKHM acneKTâM npo6neMbl KaLIecIBa
Bo3gjxa; COBMeCTHO C TpaHCIIOpTHOÂ oTpacnbt0 pa3pa6aTbIBaK)T
NVULteKCxble-nnâHbI jTlpaBneHHM TpaHCIIopTOM-H COBMeCTHO Co-C.IrpICOâMM
110 iipe3BblT-iaÎÜÛb1M cm-yam-um pa3pa6aTbnia.Iar rulaxbl AeÂCTBHÎ-I B Cnj2lafIx
asapMli.
O6yyeHue u noeb/weHUe KaanucpuKauuu
06513aHHOCTH cny>K6 B 3TOÂ o6nacTH CBO,uxTCSI K o6ecnexexxio
nOCTOxHHOro 11OBbIII1eHHM KBaJIHciHhâuxH 110 BonpocaM yrrpaBnexMM
KaLIecTBOM B03,ayxâ ,anM cOOTBeTCTByiOIuMx cneuHaJIxCTOS, rlpOBelAexMiO
MaccoBblx npocseTHTenbcKMx Kal.zrlaxxr-i c uenbto pacnpocTpaxexl-Ix
3HaHH171 O 3arpSr3HeHHI3 B03,lZyxa.
HayyHble uccneôoeaHuR
Hccne%josaTenbcKaH Z(eslTenbxocTb cJIy7IC6 3aKJI1OLIaeTCS! B nposeRexMH
Hccne,t(osaxHii B03HMKHOBex11SI H
3nM,ijeMHonorMzIecxHx
pacnpocTpaxexMS1 6one3xeH H HapylnexMii 3,aoposbx, cs513aHHbIx C
3arpx3xexxeM B03,Iyxâ, pa3pa6oTKe MeT0,4onorHM yCOBepIneHCTBOBâHMM
MoxHTOpxxra 3arpx3xexMM B03,3yxa H McTojjos 0npej[enexMM
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64
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65
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67
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68
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MHOrxe CnelZxanxCTbl rxrHeHbl OxpyxcaK)lueii Cpenbi CTpeMATCR
HCnOnb30BaTb CBOH KOHTaKTb7 C 06yLIaeMOH rp}Tlnox B J11o6oH 4/opMe
KaK BO3MO)KHOCTb HenpepbIBHoro, OTKpbITOro H He CB313aHHOrO C
VCJIOBHOCTAMH npouecca OorIeHHSI.
H31311e4eHHR MaKCHManbHOH
nOnb3bl H3 9Tbro KOHTahTa Heo6X0nHMbI cneuxt,xLieCKxe Cn0006HOCTH
K OOLIieHIiiO.
nOcTOAHHO Bo3pacTae7 3HaLIeHHe y?vieHHR xcnonb3oBaTb cpencTSa
MaCCOBOH HH43tOpMauHx ,IUTA OnTTiManbHOH peaJIi33a.lZxH nenarorxLieCKHX
yvleHI3i3, HaBbIICOB H cnOCo6HOCTeIï. nOBbIIIIeHI3e KOMneTeHTHOCTx B
9T0i3 06nacTx 3HaLIHTenbH0 nOBblinaeT Bo3M0)KHOCTH CneuHanHCTOB B
o6nacTx rxrF3exbi
OKpyxcaloweiï
Cpenbl,
yBenH'ixBaeT HX
ne,D,arorH*iecKHI3 nOTeHIZHaJI.
3HâH11R, He06XO,gVIMble ,gllSt Har-IHbIX NCCJIe,O,OB3HNN
3Ha'iexxe xccnenoBaxxil B peaJlH3aljxH 3anati B03 no nOcrxxceHHlo
3nOpOBbR nJiSI BceX MO>iCeT 6bITb oueHeHo c yLieTOM TOrO BHHMâHHA,
KoTOpoe 6bino yneneHO pa3BHTiiiO nOnxTMKH B O6naCTH xCCnenOBaxffii
B EBponeÄcxoM perHOHe. 06110xe 3Ha111-151, He06X0n11Mbie nnR
Hccneno$axxil n0 Bbinonxexxi0 3anatI no nocTMDiceHxlo 3n0poBbR n.1I31
BceX, 6binx onpeneJlexbl (39) cnenylollnHM o6pa3oM:
3HaHHe KonHileCTBeHribIX H I2LIeCTBeHIibIX McTO,>IOS HCCne4OBaHHH;
31-laxne xHcppacrpyxrypbl HccnenosaxHfi Ha HauxosanbHOM H
MexczyHapolA3oM yposHR.X;
cnoco6Hocrb BbIIIOJIH3ITb aICryanbxble HccnellosaTeJlbcKHe pa6orbl Ha
BbICOKOM HayniHOM }rpOBHe;
yrlpasneln3e nozLliMx Hx(PopMauHx H HHTeJU1er.ryaJIiH0ï3 Co6cTBeHHOCTbIO.
C ToTiICH 3pexxR KOMneTeHTHOCTH, He06X0nxMOi3 nJIR o6ecneLIeHx51
Vcnexos 3roIï nOJIHTHKx B C4-.)epe rxrxeHbl OKpyx:aiolneil cpenbi,
o6111enpx3HaHO, LITO 9TH HccnenosaHH3I nOJUKHbI CMeJIO STOpraTbcSl B
o6nacTx, HaXonAIIIHecR BHe TpanxuxoHHbIX npenCTaBneHHil O
Me,TlxuxHCKHX H CMeAKxbIX Hayi:ax. ilenecoo6pa3Ho npOBeneHxe
xcenenoBaxxH B o6nacrH 6HOMe,axIjxHCKHX. noseneHLIecKHX x
f1POCAECCVIOHAJ1bHASi COCTOFTEJ1bHOCTb
83
cOIIHaJIbHbrX Hap:. TeppHTOpaanbHOrO H ropoAcxoro nnaHHpOBaHHM,
HariHbIX H HHDICCHepxhIX H3b1CICaHHH, TexHOJIOrHH, yp6aHHCTHKH.
HH(l)opMaTHKH H T.II. (30).
l7puopumemHble o6nacmu pa3eumus?
KOM17emeHmHOcmu e 17poeeÔeHUu uccnet3oeaHUÜ e
o6nacmu euzueHbi oKpyHrafocc4e0 cpeôba
Cnel]HanHCTb] rxrHexbl OI.p}x.âioII[eI3 CpeAbI Ao.rDICH61 yv1eTb npoBOAHTb
Ha:y*IHble HcCJIeAOBaHHSi H npHMeHXTb nonytleHHbre pe3ynhTaTbl Ha
npalcraxe. B tracTHocTH, HecneAoBaTenbckwre cnaco6HocTH Heo6xoAaMo
pa3B1-1BaTb, nOCTOSIHHO COBepIIIeHCTByA 3H2.HHM B 06JIaCTH
aHa5HTH9ecKOH XHMHH C y9eTOM pHCKa AonrospeMeHHoro
He6JlarOrrpHSlTHorO B0341,eaCTBH2 cliaxropos Mâ.IIOH HHTeHCHBHOCTH.
SnytIIIIeHNe nOHHMaHHSI OTAaneHHhlx - KaK cpH3H9eCICHx. Tax H
nCHxOJ10rH9ecKHX - 3cl4elCros H nOCJ1eACTBHÂ aBaparl HJIH 6e,2jCTBHr3
MBJISIeTCM ewe OAHOri CcipepoH, 3aCJIjraCHBaKILgeH BHHMaHHM.
HoseÎ3IIIaSI TexHOJIOrHM MoAeJIHpoBaHHSI npOrH03oB, HapMAy C
AOCTFi3KeHFiSIMH nOCJIeAHFr?: JIeT B reneMaTaKe, OThpbIJIH HOBble 06JIaCTH
HCCJ1eAOBaHHÎr AJIA paOOTHHI.IDB rHrHeHbI Or.pywKaiOIIIeH CpeAbl. 3HaxeHHe
nOBbIlIICHHM ypOBHSI KOMneTeHTHOCTH B 3TOrd C(31)epe Bee B03paCTaCT. B
11eJI11?: paCIInlpeHHM HccAe,LjoBaxHlï, a Ta1oKe noCJIe,KsloluerO BOBJIe9eHHM
H y9aCTH5I o6rgecTBexxocTH B peiuexae Bonpocos rarxexbl
oKpy)KaIOLIle1i CpeAbI,. K HCCJIeAOBaTenbCKOrd pa6ore OLIexb Ba>KHo
npHBnCICaTb npeACTaBHTeJIeri COrjHaJlbHhrx H n0BeAeH9eCKax
("6FPCer3BHOpaJlbHbrx") Ha}K.
nOHSrTHe KOHIjenrjHH ycTOHtrHBorO, TapM0Ha9HOTO pa3BHTH51
SIBJLSIeTCS1 OTHOCHTCJIbHO HOBbIM AJIM MexC,AyriapOAHOrO CO061IieCTSa.
CneAOBaTe.TIbHO, HCCJIeAOBaHHM B 06JIaCTH pa3BHTHSI CTpaTerHH H
nonxTFrKH rapMoHFltlHoro pa3BHTaM 637437B 6JII3warrlIIHe rOAbr B IIeHTpe
BHHMaHHM. KOMneTeHTHOCTb, He06x0AHMa2 AJISI Taxoro poAa
HcCneAOBaHHH. B OCHOBHOM, 6yAeT 3aBHCeTb OT CnoC06HOCTH
HHTerpHpoBaTb HHCtOpMâZjHiO i3 AaHHble, nOC7ynarolIZHe H3 pa3nH9Hbrx
oTpacnei3 H HcrnHHHKoB.
B 3aK]II09exae cJ1eAyeT 3110M51HyTb erne 04HO LIpe3Bbr9arrx0 saxCHOe
Ka9ecTBO, CcpOpMyJlHposaHHOe B csoe spew' B03: "plCCneAOSarenH
AOJUIQibl TalJrce o6Jra4aTb CMCJIOCTbFO He TOJIbI.ro ITpH3Harb AOCTaT09HoeTb
c00paHHOH HH4)opMaljHH, HO H CKa3aTb pa3pa6aTbIBaFOIIIHM H
onpeAeJisiroluliM JIHI.ZaM. trro HaCT3_J10 BpeMA AnSI
cTBriri" (40).
84
CJIY?KBbI FV17V1EHbl OKPY?KAIOW,Et21 CPEp,bl B EBPO1lE 3
Ccpepa
(1pOC#JeCC14OHallbHblX HaBbIKOB
HaBbrIQ-r x yRvreHxA. HeO6XOaxMble ,IIJL`I cneuI3anxCTOB B o6nacTTi rxrHeHbr
oi.'p}walol.ue Cpeabl, Bl;nlozlaloT BecbMa InxpoKxH cnexrp Ccliep H
ity'HKLZxFd. HaBbII:H MOryT 6bITb FlnaccHCixIjHpOBaHbI CneavrOLgHM
o6pa3oM (41):
1.
PlcCneaosaTenbcKxe Cnoco6HOCTx: Br:n1flLlaroIUHe yMerrxe:
pa3pa6aTblsaTb x OCSaxBarb MerO,ub1 xCCnen.osaaxg, npDBOaxTb
Ha6JnoaexxA x 3KcnepFID4eHTbI;
onpeuenATb creneHb noCTOBepHOCTH HCTOLrIÜÜCa HH[I)OpMaurnr;
C06xpaTb o61.ex71.1 BHylo
Hlo IIj'TeM Ha6nlo*,.[exHA,
aHKerxpOBaHHA, xHCneh-THposaxxA, fiOHTp0n51, o6cneaoBaHHA.
npoBeaeHHA 31CCnepTH3, xCCnea08aHHÄ H 3KCnepHMeHTOB.
2. AHaJIxTxLlecKxe cnoco6HOCTI3, xoTOpble Bl:.rllo*ialoT yRvreHxe:
CopTHpOBaTb H ConOCTâBJIATb aaHHble;
IIaI:eTaMH aanxbDC;
KpHTH'IeCKH ouCHKSaTb aaxHble C TOT-11:H 3pexH2 xX nOrxLIHOCTx,
aOCTOBepHOCTH H o6ocHOBaHxOCTx;
yCTâHâBJIiü3aTb CB513H
opraFUi3osaTb npouecc non}nleruZA
csep,eHxä H vnpaBnATb
3THM npOIIe000M.
3. Cnoco6HocTH HHTepnpeTauxx, KOTOpble BK.7110T-IaIOT y7vreHHe:
OT6npaTb 3xa'ramyIo l-utcpopMallrgo;
rrpeo6pa3osblsaTb aoCTOBepnyTO nHZpopMauHio B pauHOHanbHbre
norx'ieclCxe crpyTClypbr;
aenarb BbIBO.IIbI 113 KMeIOIIteilcA KH4lOpMaliIüi;
vcraxaBnxBaTb cB3131. MexCay non}nieHHbIMx cse,II,eHHAMH, TeopHeir H
11aHHbIMx apyTxX HaynnibIX HCCneaOBânnÏi;
06141CHATb B03M0)ICHble npH'iiiHbi no.rry'YeHHbIX pC3vnbTaTOB
HCCneaosarlFlïi;
HiiTepnonxposaTb x 3KCTpanOnnpoBaTh nonynlern-Ible aamible;
oueHxTb, oöCyaIiTb Bo3Mox.Eibre sapxaxrbl H npxHxTb pemexiie.
4. Cnoco6HOCTx o6LUexx31, ICOMMyHIiICaL(xx, KOTOpble BICnroLIaIOT
yMexxe:
Bbrpa)l.aTbCA 'ICTKO_ pau030HâJIbH0 H BbIpa3HTeJZbHO;
ynn3ThlBa71, HHTepeCbl pa3nHTnrbI.V rpy'rm;
pa3sHBaTb oparopcl:xe cnoco6HocTTI;
xcnOJlb30SaTb neKCH:Hy coo6pa3Ho 06CTOATenbCTSaM.
5. IlpocseTliTenbclCxe cnoco6HocTx, KOTOpble sIiJIK)LIarOT y?vleHHe:
xCnoJrb30BaTb npoCBeIneHHe KaI: HeoTbeMneMy7o cocTaBH)1O LlacTb
pa6oTbl CneuHaJn3CT0B B o6nacrx rxrxeHbl olCpyx:alon;el cpeabl;
BJn2ATb nonoxCHTeJIbxo Ha noseaerIIie apyTHX;
f1POOECCVIOHAJIb1-1AP COCTOPTEJ1bHOCTb
85
oIITIIManbHO comerarb pa3.1u3utwe cp3'HI:1>z3x cnel>z3aJn3CroB B o6nacrH
rxrHexbl ospyx:alomex cpeAbl s Kamecrse ICOxcynbTaHTOB,
npocseTxreneil H/HJni xcnoniu3TeneH Mep r1p1u3pEaeHHA;
CO3AaBaTb x 14Cn0nb30BaTb B03MOxCHOCTx AJLâ B0311eÂCTBHA Ha
noBe,aeHI3e ApyrlQ:.
6. OpraHH3aropclCHe cnoco6HOCTH. Koropble BKJIK1LIaiOT yMeHHe:
opraHH3oBbuiaTb co6crsexH},IO pa6ory x pa6ory .ap}TIa:;
3(14.1eI.THBHO ynpasnsrrb pecypca.Mx, B TOM 9II1cne 61oA7KeTUM BpeMeHH,
41HHaxcaMx, o6opyzcosaxxeM, xHtpopMauxeia x ne.nosenecrxMx
pecypcaMlr
onpe,aenATb ue.nH ynpaBneHHA x crpeMxTbcA i I3?: ,iIOCTH]Kexx10;
ocÿu>;eCTBJIATb Ha6nloileHHe, ouellHSaTb
pexoMeHAoBaTb nocneAylornl3e ,aeHCrBHA.
nposo,aYlTb BCecTOpoHHI010 oueH1.} I1po6neMbr,
npHHHMaTb yiacrxe
B
cTparerwIec1:oM
BbinonaeHHble H
nepcnelCTHBHOM
rIJIalu3posalu3H;
xxrepnperxpoaarb H ouelulBaTb o6nzy10 crparerxlo pa6oro,aareneH.
BbIBOR
CO3AaHHe 3n4e6HbIx nporpal,3M H Iypcos ycosepulexcrsoBaHxA. KoTopble
CnOCO6CTBOBan13 61)1 nOBbIIIIeHHIO KBâJIH(IHI.âLZHH CneLIxanxCToB no
rHrHeHe OI.pynKalOLUeI3 cpe,abl AJIA AOCTIDKeHHA HMH paCCMOTpeHHOro
BbILIIe ypoBHA, ABnACTCA rnaBHOH 3aAatIeH roc_y,aapcTS-Hnexos. Dry
npo6neMy CneAyeT peLIIaTb B AyXe IIapTHepCTBa Mex'Ay OpraHaMH
npOCBeLIÿeHHSi, rocyAapCTBeHHorO ynpaBneHHA H OpraHH3anHAMx,
npeACTaanAioISnHMH HHTCpeCbI
ol.prICa10LIZeÎ3 cpe,abI.
B o6JIaCTH rHrHCHb1
BOIIpOCb1 pa3pa6oTlcH, co3AaHHA H pa3BHTHA COOTBCTCTByIOIIZHX
hyPCOB o6}-tIeHHSI H noBbILIIeHHA ICBan1411IaIIHH AJIA CnelaHâJIHCTOB B
o6naCTH
rxrxexbl OKpyxCaloLLleH cpeAbi OcBeIUeHbI B'
ConpoBOz.,aaloIïlCM" AaHHrO ny6JIHKâuxlo OTAenbHOM H34aHHH (2).
3
Pa3BV1TMe CTpyKTyp
KoHU,enu,vm 3cpcpeKTNBHOro ynpaeneHwsi
B 3TOÄ ny6n11KauHH pasee o6cyxcAanncb HelcoTOpbre Ocxosxble
nono>KeHIdA pa3BHTH3! CJrj')If6 rxrHexbl ol.PyxcalorJZeÎI cpeAbII. 0,4HaE.0
Crrj)K6bI rHrHeHbl oKp}7KaK)uZe??I cpeAbl ,IIeHCrByIOT B 6onee iuHpOKOM H
cJ10)KHOM KOHTeKCTe o6u1ecTBeHH0r0 H rocy,IjapCTSexxoro pa3BHTM2.
IIpOIZeCCbI, BnasnoukHe Ha pa3sarHe ObureCTBa, o6brgHO orpaxcalorCA H
Ha xapaKTepe pa3BHTHSI H ReslTenbHOCTH 3Ta?: Cnyxc6. (DopMbl
Heo6xOAliMblx cTpyKr}'p H cnoco6b1 peâRH3auHH BnacrHbrx nonxoMOHaI3
H Mep npHHy)Kuenr-IA xsnAlorCA peuralourrom cl3alc-ropaMH s pa3paboTKe
oi.'p)7KalorueF3 CpeAbl. 3rH cpa3CTOpbI
nOnHTHKH pâ3BaTMA
TaIOiCe HMeroT peruaK)uIee 3HaTieHHe AJIA Ha6opa coOTBeTCTBy1ouler0
nepcoxana H ynpasnexaA jjeRTenbxocTblO 3THX cnyxc6. TepMHH
"ynpasnexxe" trac-ro Hcnonb3yeTCA npH onHCaxaH rrpouecca pa3BMT112
CTpVlcryp H onpe,i(eneHH2 pa3B117M3I H OCyZueCTBneHHA BnacTH. 110HSrrxe
"yllpaBneHHe" Mo)KHO OnpeAenHrb I.ât: COzieTaHHe C,EryICrvp, npoueccoB
H cornarlleHMÎ3 B 0611(eCTBe, KOTOpOe OnpeAenAeT cnoco6bl H MexaxH3Mb1
peanH3auHH BnacTa, nyTH npriHSrTaS Ba)KHbIx pernexMH H crenexb
BnHSIHHH pa3nM4HbIx HHTepecoB H H?: BKnall B rIpMHSrTHe 3TH}> peIr]exMIi.
IiiiorAa cMerßMHaICITCSl TepMF3HbI "ynpaBneHae" H "npasHTenbCTBO".
pOnb Opr3HOB rOCyAapCTBeHHOFd BnaCTH B orHOUreHHH TaKOIi npo6JleMbI,
LUE rHrHeHa OKTy)Ka.KlujeH Cpe,IIbl, RaCTO CTaBMTCSI n0,7 COMHeHrie 3a
y6e)KAeHHe HJIH nOA npeAnoroM TOrO. LITO ponb npaBriTeJlbcrsa B
06u1eCTBe cBOAHTCA K peu]eHaK) BCCX HepeIIlexxbrx np0611eM. apyroil
87
88
CJlY>CSbI f V11-VIEHbI OKPY>fCAIOLLIE4 CPE,C),bi B EBPOflE 3
BOIIpOC - r.-aac AeslTenbxOCTb pa3nrfilHbrx crpyi.-I}p H Hifrepecbr o6utecrsa
MoryT 6bITb CKoopAHHHposaxbl AnH pemexHH 3THX npo6neM.
IlpeAnocbinxoï3 TaxoH COrnacosaHHOCTH HBnsreTCH ycTaxosneHHHe
KOnneI.ITiBHOH OTBeTCTBeHHOCTH B OTHOmeHHH TaKHx np06neM, H T0.
LiTO pyKOBOAHLuHe HHHUHaTHBbI MOryT HC?:O,IIHTbTb KaK OT
npeAnpHHHMaTeneri. HenpaBHTenbCTBeHHbIx OpraHH3auHk HnH ApyTkIX
riCTOLIHHKOB. He HCKnx)LlaH npaBHTenbCTBa, a He TOnbKO
nPaBHTenbCTBeHHbIx HlIH yrlpaBneHHeCKHx OpraHOB H CTpyI"Iyp.
3Cl)(l)eKTHBHOe pyxOBOACTBO MOT BOCnpHHHMâTbCH KaK
BnaCTH Ha pa3HbIx ypOBHHx
KOnner.'rHBHaH peanH3auHH
rOCyzapCTBeHHbIx H ApyrHx CTpyr.-ryp rpaxczcaxcsoro o6utecrsa,
,IIeMOH CTp HpyrOIIlaH:
uenocTHOCTb.
paseHCrso,
ahTHBHOCTb,
OTI.PbITOCrb.
AeÄCTBeHHOCTb H, rraxOHeu,
OrYerHOCTb.
OcyutecTBnexHro xoHuenuHH ycnemxoro pyxosoAcTSa (42)
cnoco6cTSyxrr cneAyloume KoMnoHexTbl:
ocxoBHble 3axoH1I H HHCTImzIHH o6meCTBa,
aAMHHHCTpaTHBHâH OTBeTCTBeHHOCTb H rnaCHOCTb, "npo3pay-rHOCTb"
AeSrrenbHOCTH,
IIe11eHTpaJIH3aIIHA OpraHOB BnaCTH,
HanHLffie pbIIiOzüibD: oTHOIIIeHHFI.
Pa3BNTVte VIHCTViryIvoHHo-yype>K,geHyecKNX
CTpyKTyp cny>+c6 rV1rVleHbi oKpp+caFoukedl cpe,gbi
Pa3nHYHH B opraxH3auHH cnyx.$ rxrxexbl orcppKaromex cpeAbl B
Esponei3cKoM perxoxe BO MHOrHX c.rrpIaslx o6ycnoBneabI HeoAHxaxosbIM
noAXO,ItOM K pemeHHro BOnpocoB rxrHeHbI olcppi;atouxeH CpeAbl B pa3HbIx
CTpaHax. 3T0 HCH3MeHH0 CB513aH0 C HCTOpHLIeCKHM pa3BHTHCM
rOCyAapCTBexxbrx cTpyl.TYp H yqpex:AexHH B Kax:AOM H3 rocyAapCTB-
LrnexoB. CnezzosaTenbxo, HaB313bIBaHxe LlepecHyp o6H3brsarolAero
pyKosoztcrBa AJIH pa3BHTHSr cny71c6 rxrxexbl o1.-py)Karouxei3 CpeAbl 6e3
3mera raoHKpeTHoH cHTyauHH, B xoippoH HaxoAHTCH MHorxe rocyAapcTBa-
Lrnexbl, oxa3anocb 6bI Heuenecoo6pa3HbIM. Heo6xoAHMO TaKxce
nOALrepr:HyTb, Lrro He cymecTByeT eAHHoil MoztenH pa3BHTHSI cn91c6
rHrHeHN oxp}oKalorueH cpenbl, npxroAHor3 AIM Bcex rocyaaperB-LrneaoB.
3141148E`dd dAl?IAdlO
69
Og XH1oHw XEHau'h-XESLOdLnzioal aioxONauodug EHOx.Iad xLmEEi'illEdu3an
XI4HHa8L'JdelL50oi d{LNi{dLO iaawH oioguarcalolm u'olz-Idal.oH al xwada xm a
SQi7Scit IgHEIIEoo aIgHHESOEFUred.lxanatt I4NIaLOxo 'IlxHarlaEdu,1 g aHliTTalrOou
I4I301 al4d01.0CaH IgHallirESIOdEILSOai OxgrlOx'JaH HIrxHaw£x Hari HxnxEou S
HHnEEI-uIEdlHânattHHHamoHID dnm,ldLO 7fFiH2IlHedLL{ alülaxawlllaLE HI3TII-IEOU
olrIIloExodu JHaHSL7tZaI1 xHHasoFDlxHrbâ XHxOahHcpxl7auDwaugOdu H xI-IIaEfiEO'JO
111-.1owI3?iotig02H 4lxlrâloatILlOo tp-L`u.oa:K IlgFU-teao£HlrEdlaan 4uodlHax a
XI4HHEHExdu OHH2HEZDK IU^a4fl?ICEH =It ESLOamgo "XEdaCtIO wodawxdu 1axCOw
Ju3?iG1If 4 aarreaargIdo xuDdIxcnl EE wosLOhoHII3odu x xaliIrEaIIread I0EU0£DgXI4I
xldt x4gOdoIÉ XI4uatIIHU 'HOi,`Ir{trodu
xdlAwoaH EH 'aL O.uz ou -,GuOHw Xï4HITOdEEL{nKaw 7CEd0u0l0û H `xeu'oxolpdLl
If0`o-ûlioiLJEI I4HaH.II-u HamolZ`K1CL`Io I4iiado H '01Oaxhx0l. o.IoHIiHHowdEI
`ulusIH£Ed ûou xalaeat`Kdaä aanIIMH4lret'i sad OHM aImE£TUrEdulanatr dî1.,`I,Crir1
ZfHliausEduS i.01E manodu a axoFLlad H :{IIYIO XzgEU,FUrsed Hluaxdu .I.KYTOXOdu
-rClloH£ed-ou ,{ugliQ KaN HOII I4HEdIO imKa1117EHxdu aoFDKEU oi.70w a Hatngo
aHmarE`I xIU.HH£Ed gxcClro IgxaHgu HatnoreNcCdmo I4liada a woxomuodag
`aHOH.Iad 011a OH 1aLIr HI-u-IEH0H00 xlrrt !Q4wII1a,LEiiHWIO x XHtnourwa490a0a
'HHHamgogO HI4HHaIruOxEH HWEHEd1a 1.1.11.10 OH4Ir0uOt'i OxOg{rr1
HEHodHEHzreHEodu H Xr4adau XrCar xt.u-ucr Ho1E HHdao pirrmmuti-><{LI `O 8I ( .
19HaNJ41J
a19H9LtEHONr1eH
InalmoiewAdmo 19teada
aN1T1/Glal ISNHaUBedL1eH 14 MNtiHa17Ha1
xdlOwoaH EH 14100HH09000 `HHiIYH.S41 XI4HHaOaH1O x HHiIHalauw0:i
g?IG1ifo I4HaH1H1 HatnolExG{d`IO I4tI`ado
I4HEd10
HI
H XI4HhHIfEEd `XEHEd10 EH aHfiOd1
Igg:IG{Ir0 OH XH1oHw XEHEd10 10iawH o10Hw 0lamgo
wg.IC.Crr3 igxaHlH1 HatnolExc<Cdxo I4rado olouoHEdlo xxuod{
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CnvicoK nmTepaTypi
1. M.4CAxTFn.rx, I.& BoNraEFOY, X. Cnlac6b1 zuzueHbl oxpplcalougeu
cpedbl 6' cmpaxax Eeponbl 2. Bbz6op nonumuxu. KonearareH,
EsponeHcKoe perHoxanbxoe 6lopo B03, 1997. (Perxoxanbxbie
rry6nxla.uxx B03, Esponei3crau cepxx, N 77).
2. FITZPATRICK, M. & BoNNEFOY, X. CnyJlc6b1 2u2ueHb1 oxpymalouoù
cped b1 6' cmpanax Eeponbl. Pyxoeodcmeo no pa3pa6omxe npo2pam,u
o6ylenuR u'nOeb1lUQHUR hBQJlugSuxa24uu. Konexra.reH, EBponeHcxoe
PerHOHanbHOe Elopo B03, 1998. (PerHOHanbxbre ny6nxr:aux4 B03,
EBponeHCraR cepxsl, Ns 83).
3. EBPOIIEFlCSQH3 LIEHTP B03 110 OI.P)7KAiOrrIFr3 CPEIIE H OXPAHE 3JI0POBbSI.
3a6oma o 6vdyu,fem Eeponbl". 36opoebe u oi`pvoicalowaR cpeda e
Eeponeücxo.m pecuone B03. IIITyrrapT, Ha}.xoe H3,4aTenbcrcoe
o6ulecTSo, 1995.
4. 3adai-lu no docmu.)icenuto 36opoeb5I dnR ecex. Pezuonanbnble 3a6a,1u e
noddep.)ici:y Eeponeücl oü peol.lonanbnoù cmpame2uu docmuaiceHuR
3&poeb57 dnR ecex. Koneffrarex. Esponel3cxoe perHoxaJmxoe 6ropo B03,
1985. (EsponeHCZaa cepxu ny6lnßarn3Fr "3.uoposbe zursr Bcex", N3 1).
5. 3adavu no docmuo,cenulo 3dopoebR dnR ecex. Eeponeücr:aR nonumuul
3dpaeooxpanenuR. Konenn-arLH, EsponeHcme perxoxa.rrbxoe 6topo B03,
1993. (EBponeHCr:asr cepxsr my6TgIImT,T-HÎi "3Aoposbe tlrrsl Bcea", NiD. 4).
,gyp }Toe xa3Baivae n 6nx3aurm 3a6oma o 3oempaulne.A4 One Eeponbi
113
114
ClIY>CBbI f V1f VIEHbI OKPY?KAfOLLJEVI CPE,gbI B EBPOf1E 3
6. BCEMHPHAA KOMHCC1351 110 OKPS'xCAKSITIFii CPEZE H PA3BYITYIIO. Haute
o6uuee 6ydywee. OKc43op4,. HsztaTenbcTSO Oxcq-JopAcxoro
yHKSepcxreTa, 1987.
7. Ot.pyV/catou4aA cpeda u oxpaxa 36opoebA : EeponeücxaA xapmuA u
rcoMMexmapuu. Konexrarex. EsponeHcxoe perxoxanbxoe 6topo B03,
1990. (PerHoxanixbte nv6JnnaizHx B03, Esponei3cra2 cepxx, Ns 35).
8. BxeApexxe rrpHxuHna "3arpsisxsilonzxH nnaTHT". PetcoMexAarlHH
CoseTa.. npxxsrrbie 14 xosr6px 1974 rozta. NypHan Op2axu3azfuu
eeponeùcr:ozo compvdxu4ecmea u pa3eumuA C (74): 223 (1974).
9. Hauca nnaxema - Haute 36opoebe. ,aornad KoMUCCUU B03 no oxpaHe
30opo6bA u ot:pyJJcLrtoweù cpedbr. )Kexesa, BceMxpxasr opraxHSa.uHSi
sApasooxpaHexHSi, 1992.
10.Om4em KoHOepeHrfuu 0p2axu3atSuu 06beduxeHHbrx Haquü no
o<pydicatoufeü cpede u pa3eumuto, Puo-de-Naxeùpo, 3-14 ufoHA
19922. Hblo-F1opK, OpraxHSauxA OObeztxxexxbrx xauxia, 1992, T.1
(AoxyMexT A. Conf.151/26 (T.1)).
11.3a ycmoü4ueoe pa3eumue. I7po2paMMa Eeponeücxo2o coo6ufecmea
no peanu3aisuu nonumuhu u deücmeuü e omliouleHUU oxpv.ccrfou4eü
cped br u ycmoü4ueozo pa3eumuA. bploccenb, KOMHCCxs1
EsponeHcxoro coo6luecrsa, 1992 (AohyMexT COM 92.23).
12.BHedpexue Tno6anbxoü cmpameauu no docmuoicexuto 36opoebA dnA
ecex K 2000 2odv, emopaA o17eHr;a. BocbMOÜ doxnad no CocmoAHUto
eceMupHozo 36opoebA, Tom 5, EeponeücKuü pezuoH. Konexrarex,
EsponeHcxoe perHoxanbxoe 6topo B03, 1994. (Pei-Hof-maw-:4e
ny6nxxauxH B03, EsponeHcxax cepHa, Ne 52).
13.07;pyoicaloruaA cpeda dnA Eeponbr. KoHçbepeHZiuA Ha ypoeHe
Munucmpoe, .Iltozsepxa, 28-30 anpenA 1993 2. bepx, cl)eA,epanbxoe
6topo no oxp}xcatomerä epeAe, 1993.
14.Otcpyo,catowaA cpeda u 3dopoebe. OmHem o Bmopoü eeponeücxoü
1:o14epeH4uu, XenbcuHxu, 0u101AHduA, 20-22 utoHA 1994 2.
Konexrarea, EsponeHcKoe perHoxanbxoe 6topo B03, 1995.
(Aor.yNlexT EUR/ICP/CEH 212 (FIN)).
15.Eeponeùcxuü nnaH deücmeuù 120 zu2uexe orpv31ca1ouse171 cpedbr.
Konexrarex. Esponei3cxoe perHoxanbxoe 61opo B03, 1995
(aoiyMexT EUR/1CP/CEH/212(A)).
1617po2paMma XAbHTAT. Hb10-Flopx, IlporpaMMa pa3sxrxsr
OpraxxsauHH 06beaxxexxbrx Har.txr3, 1996.
17.XenbcuHxcr:aA dexnapayuA o deùcmeuAx no oxpaHe oxpyotcatou4eü
epedbr u 36opoebA e Eepone, 1995 2. Konexrarex, Esponer3cxoe
perHOxanbxoe 61opo B03, 1995 (AolryMexT EUR/ICP/CEH 212).
Cr1k1COK JIVITEPATYPbI
115
18. MACARTHUrti I. & BONNEFOl'. X. C.rpic6bz auzuexbz oxptiolcaZoweü cped bI
e cmpaxaX Eeponbl J. 063op npaZCmuuecxoü dexmenbxocmu 6'
1990-x c.e. Konexrarex, EsponeHcime perxoxaribxoe 6ropo B03, 1997.
(PerHOHanbxbre ny6ruraumy B03, EsponeHcras cepxx, Ns76).
19.Bmopoe xoxévnbmamuexoe coeezuaxue no cnyolc6aM zuZUexbl
olcpV.7Icarouueü cpedbl. TeXxuLlecZCuü omYem o xoxcynbmauuu B03.
BUnbx3OC, Jlumea, 28-30 xoR6p2 1994 z Konexrarex, Esponei3cxoe
perxoxanbaoe 6ropo B03, 1994 (AoryMexT EUR/ICP/EPOL 94 03/
MT05 )
20.I11ax deücrosuü dnR cnvolc6 zU2Uexb7 ohppic.alouçeü cpedbl cmpax
exnzpanbxoü u Bocmoxxoü Esponbl u xoebrX xe3aeucuMbzX
zoévdapcme. Ornuem o i'.oxévnbmamuexoM coeeufaxuu B03, Co0uR,
EonaapuR, 19-22 ohmsl6pR 1993 z. Konexrarex, EsponeHcxoe
perHoxanbHoe 61opo B03, 1994 (AoKTmsexr EUR/ICP/CEH 123).
21.SCHILLING, T.17oddep3,cxa xax npasuno u npuxnEun, unu: noddeparcxa
ecepbe3. KeM6p4Axc, MA I"apsapAclasl Iuxona rrpasa, 1995.
22.ENGLISH, M. H COABTOPbI. I7pue.ne4exue CozfuanbxblX napmxepos:
omhpbzmbze npozfeccbl pa3pa6omxu pezuexuü omxocumenbxo
npedcmoRZyezo UCnonb30eaxuR 302pR3xexxbzz meppumopuü.
Holcesxnn, Texxeccx, Yxxsepcxner Texxeccx, 1993.
23.17puxzfun npedynpe.)IcdexuR, npoMbzULnexxocmb u pa3pa6omZCa
xopMamuexo-npaeoebzX axmoe. Fploccenb, EsponeHcrcxii coseT no
XHMxLIecrcoÎi npoMblrunexHocrx, 1995.
24.Pvxoeodcmeo no ZcoxmponZO xaNecme(2 numbeeoü eodbZ, 2-e u3daxue,
MOM 1. PeKOMexdaZ[UU. To 2. h'pumepuu 3àop0ebR U dpyzaR
ecnoMo2amenbxaR ux0op.MazfuR. )Kexesa, BceMHpxasl opraxx3aizxsl
3Apasooxpaaex4Sl, 1993, 1996.
25.Pyxoeodcmeo no havecmey eo3dyza e Eepone. Konexrarex,
Esponeûcxoe perxoxa.nbHoe 61opo B03, 1987.
26.HauuoxanbxaR A>`adeMUR xayx. Ozjexha pucxa xa ypoexe
cjiedepanbx
npasumenbcmea: npozfeccynpaenexuR. Batnxxrmx,
ol,pyr Konyma6HSt, I43AaTenbcTSO Hauxoxanbxorï alaAeMxx, 1983.
27. SEx-roN; K. Hayrca H 110.71:HTxr2. B perynxposa..rmH rrpHHSITr3X peruexxïa.
T10n}rzrexHe o61,eh-rHExblx AaxxblX o6 onacxocTSl}: H npxMecsrx
o3Ayxa. 17epcnexmuebl o,u2uexbl orpyxcafouseü cpedbl, 103
Grkononaexxe 6) 213-222 (1995).
28.06Mex UiiOopMaLfUeü o pucxe 6' C6R3U C pQ3.RUKxbLM COCmoRNUeM
oZ.ptiorcaroz4eü cpedbl u pucha dnR 300poebR. Omgem o hoxcynbmuexoM
coeeuçaxuu. S'nbM, 28-30 xoR6pR 1990 a KonexrareK EsponeHCrcoe
perxoxa_nbxoe 6ropo B03, 1991 (Aorz}maexT EUR/ICP/PCS 020 /A).
116
CIlY>K6bl r1,1r1/1EHb! OKPY>KAtOLL4E1;1 CPE,/lbI B EBPOriE 3
29.POLLARD, S. P1 COABTOPb1. Oi1CHKa pHc3:a Anx ynpasneHHx
oKpyx:atomei3 cpeAoH: no,gxoAb1 H npHMeHeHHe. A:ypHan TonoeH02o
uncmumyma no eonpocaM ynpaenexust canumapnoü mexnuxoü
eodocHa6.,,cenup, 9: 621-628 (1995)
30.Hccnedoeanue nonumut:u e o6nacmu Hay4Hb1X IC3b1CKQHUü.
cnoco6cmeytou¢ux 6ocmu3tcenu10 360p0ebA dnsl ecex. KonexrareH,
Esponel3eKoe perHoxanbaoe 6topo B03, 1988. (Esponeïactax cep
" 3Aoposbe Anx scex", N2.2 ).
31.Y4e6Hbte npo2paMMb1 dJ1A cneuuanucmoe 3dpaeooxpanenusl.
KonexrareH, EsponeHCi:oe perxoxanbHoe 6topo B03, 1994.
32.Tu2uena mpyda e Eepone: pa3eumue npoOeccuu. KonexrareH,
EsponeficKoe perHoxa.nbxoe 6fopo B03,. 1992. (Cepxx m6nHKauxï3
no nportleccHoxanbxotä rHrHexe, 23 ) (Ao1.yMeHT).
33.17po2paM.Ma xlpcoe au? 6ananaepoe npur;nadHoü Hay:u (°u2ueHa
oxptio,cawu¢eü cpedbt). AAenaHAa, YHHSepeHTeT IO)KHoH AscrpanHH,
1993.
34.OueHxa npospeccuoHanbxoü xoMnemeHuuu. Pyxoeodcmeo dnst
haNdudamoe. JIoHAOx, I-onosxoi3 HHCrHT}7 rxrHexbl ok-pyxcasolueH
cpeAbl, 1995.
36.KoMnnexmoeaHue nadpoe, nompe6xocmu e npoOeccuonanbHO.M
o6yvenuu u ycoeeputencmeoeanuu cny),c6 2u2uenbl oKpysrcatou¢eü
cpedbt pecny6.nut; IZenmpanbnoü A3uu_ Omyem o cemunape B03.
KonearareH, EsponeiscKoe perHoxanbHoe 6FOpo B03, 1996.
(Aoi.?meHT EURIICP/NEAP 04 03 01).
36.TuL.uena o>,ptioxntou¢eü cpedbt u ponb Meduuunct.zu pa6omHut.rse. Omfiem
o hoHc,tinbmauusrx B03. Konexrami, EsponeHcxoe perHoxarmxoe 61opo
B03, 1996 (Ao1ryMeHT EUR/ICP/NF_A.P 01 02 04).
37.LAST, J.M. Cnoeapb no 3nudemuono2uu. OKC CID op, H;uaTenbcrso
0Kcci)opAcxoro yHHSepcHTeTa, 1988.
38.Pyxoeodcmeo dnn Hedenbuo2o yfse6Ho2o ce.Munapa no ocuoeaM
3nudeMuono2uu oKpyaicatou¢eü cpedbt. Xeaesa, BceMHpxax
opraxx3auxsl =pasooxpaseHHx, 1994 (Aos.yMeHTT WH0/EHG/94.1).
39.BvR>>, J.A. x COABTOPb1. 06yfcenue e cOepe o6ulecmeeno2o 36opoebsl.
Cmpameouu o6pemenusl Y.oMnememmHocmu. KoneHrareH, Esponel3ctme
perxoxarrmHOe 6topo B03, 1999. (06`9eHHe H Ha}Ru-lbte HccneAosaruax
B ccl)epe o6iuecrselnioro s,uoposbx, cepHx ,m3anoros, N22 ).
40.17puopumemnbse ucenedoeanua no docmu.HCenuw 36opoebsl dnst ecex.
KonexrareH, Esponei3cKoe perxoxanbxoe 61opo B03, 1988
(EsponeHcta.st cep
no AOCTIDiCeHHK) 3A0p0sbx Anx scex, NE 3).
Cf1l1COK J1VITEPATYPbI
117
41.CxeMa ouenxu npoOeccuonanbnoü xoMnemenuuu. CnpaeoqnuK
3xcnepma. JIOHAOx, ronosxoia HHCTHTj? rxrxexbi olcpyxcalolneH
cpeAbi, 1991.
42.HHCTTITST hiDIcAD'HAPOAHOrO COTpYzû-nVTLIECTsa.. Passumue piacmux u
pauuoHanbnoe pyrosodcmeo. %7oK.nad xoMUmcma ueneeoZo
uccnedoeaHux. TOKHO, AnOHCKOe areHCTBO no MexcAyxapoAHOMy
coTpyAHHLIecTBj; 1995.
43. CALDER, M. KOMnne'omoeaHue xadpoe, npoeccuonanbnoe o6y4enue
u coecpuiencmeoeanue. ,L(or:nad no o53opy B03. Konexrarex,
EBponeHcxoe perHOxanbxoe 61opo B03, 1994.
44.Henpcpbisnoe npoOeccuonanbnoe pa3sumue. Pyxoeodcmeo dnst
cnyu[amenei[. J10HAOH, l OJIOBHOH HHCTI3Ty7 rFlrIieHbl OI.ppI.aKUtleH
cpeAbi, 1992.
îlpunoweHue
yLIâCTHViKVI flO,II,rOTOBVITe1-lbHblX
coBewjaHvlvl, 1995 - 1996 IT
Coseuxamie pa6oyeH rpyiuibl no pea.r1{3a10114 rrpoel.-ra
KoNln.nel.-rosaHnsl KaApos, rrpocPeccHoxaJlbHoNly
O6rIeHm-o H nosbrweHIll-o KBaJIN(INß.âI0113 B cJr3-6aa
rurneHbl oKpywaEorilel3 CpeAbl
Aÿ6JIHH, IIpnaHAHSi, 2-4 map-ra 1995 r.
Bpexexxr,ce coeemxulau
goicrop Alum Z[yMHTpeciry
1hicnexTop,
Ynpasnexae
npocpanaxrHxecicoH
MeAiIIuHHbi,
MaHHCTepcTSO 3Apasooxpaxegasi, byxapecr, Pjrnlbiilxsi
îocnoAHx PaHMoxA 3n.nap,r4
rnasxbiil HHCnehTOp no rHrxexe oxpyxcaifluzeïl epeztbi, oTAen
o6utecTSexxoro 3Apasooxpaxexasi, AenapTaMexT sApasooxpaxexxsi,
gy6nax, 1,IpnaxAHSi
Aoscrop Mapm Xapanaxosa
1^exepâJIbxbrÏl AHpeicmp no AenaM oXpaxbl 3A0poB1.51. OTAen yicpennexasi
3AOposbsi H rocyAapcTSexxoro caxnrapiioro KoxTponsi, MilxHCrepcTSo
3ApasooxpaaexHx, Coclasi, bonrapasi
119
120
CTIY>+CBbI r VIrVIEHbI OKPY>KAIOWEVI CPE,Cjbl BE-BOr1E 3
ïocno,axx AaH MaKapT}P
TIOMOIIIHHK CeKperapa, ronosxoli HHCTIITyr rHrHeHbl 01cppicaKllueIi
cpeAbl. JloH,noH, Benxxo6pHTaxxA
,£lol.-rop MapneH rlpol.-rop
11Inona HarIHoro m3TâHHA x rHrHeHb1 oKpy7KaIOLAeH cpeAbl, Ay6nHHCl.F3H
TexHonorH=IecKI-IH HHCTHTy-r. ,Ay6nxx, HpnaHAHSI
Ecponeücuoe peîuoxarzbHOe 6iopo B03
rocnoAHH Kcasbep boxxecliya
PerHoHaJlbxblH COB eTHHK, rtJlaxHposaxxe, rxrHexa oi:pyxcalolueli
cpe,abl/3KOnorHA
rocnoAHH MapTHH CbHTUnaTpHK
BpeMeHHbIÏ3 KOHCynbTaHT, rlirHeHa or.ÿpl:alolueH Cpe,abl/3KOJIOrHA
CoseruaHHe pa6omeH rpynnbi no peaJlH3auHH
npoeKra KOMn-11eKTOSaH3151 KaApoB, BbISIBJIeHHSi
norpe6HOCreH B npocteccHOxaJrbHOivr o6yHeHHH H
noBbIIIleHI-IH KBaJIHciimaLTIiH B cJ7y-x6a7C rxrHexbl
OihpyxCaloluei3 cpeAbi pecny6JIHK IleHTpa.nbHOH A3HH
bHIiIKeK, ICblprbl3cTaH, 29 Iios16psl - 1 Aeica6psl 1995 r.
Ka3a.x:cmax
ripoci)eccop bopHC HeMexxo
3aseAyloruHi3 Kactle,apori KoMMyHanbH01-1 H IIIKOnbHOÎ3 rHrHexbl,
rocyAapersexllblli MeAHUxxcKHri yxxsepcxreT, AnMaTbi
Zjoxop Bna,ztHMHp bOnlOi:
rnasxblÏ-i cneuHa.IIHCT o6lLlero oTAena rOCj;sapcTBeHHOri caHHTapxo3nHAeMHOnorH*3ecxoli cnSx;6bl MHHHCrepcTSO 3ApasooxpaxexHA,
AJIMaTbI
JjoKrop Hypynna CpblMos
rJIaBHbIH rocjAapcTBeHHbIId caHHTapHblli span, kbI3bIn-OpAHHCI:â2
oOnacTb. AJIMaTbI
121
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3.Apasooxpaxexxx, Exam=
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HananbxHK caHHTapao-3nHAeMxonorHnecxoro ynpasnexxsi,
MHHHCTepcTBO 3Apasooxpaxex4s1, ExlIIiceK
rocnoAxH Myrrap CyneHMaHOs
HaLIanbHHh oTAena Hayiüi H Mex<gymapoAHbl7i csfi3eFi, T'OCj jjapCTBeHHbIi3
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,oicrop C. O. Kapa6aes
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H cpapMai.lesTOS, Mi3HHCTepCTBO 3Apasooxpaxexxsi, EHIIIxeK
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3aseAyioiuH%i icacpeApo%I pauxoxanbxoro xcnonb3osaxHSl npxpoAHbix
pecypcos, KHprx3CKHH ropHO-MCTanm'prxT3ecKIU3 xHCTH7y7, bHl.nKeK
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AyIIIaH6e
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122
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ueHTp o6u.tecrseHHoro 3ApasooxpaaeHlax, BHnbHioc, JiHTSa
Eeponeûcuoe pezuoxanaxoe b'copo B03
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PerHoHanbHbiH cOBeTHI-nc. TInaHIiposaH3ie rHrHeHbI OI:pyïI.3lolilei-1 cpe,lbi/
3xonorHH
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123
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CosewaHHe pa6o9eia rpynnbi no o6cyKleHfKto
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rKrneHbi oicppKatometi cpeubi
JIOHAOH, BP.JIHi:06pHTâHHSI, 15-16 anpe.am 1996 r.
BpCMeKKble COBCYYIKllI:I[
,Aorcrop Axra ,7:13,MxTpecr.y
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o6lnecTSeHxoro 3ApasooxpaHexHx, AenapTaMeHT 3ApasooxpaseHHSI,
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Ta.nnHxH, 3CTOHHSI
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124
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olcrop Borycnas bapaxcKx
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125
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126
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rocno;IxH HexaZl MnI.Ynlfil
3aMecTHTenb ,tiHpel.Topa rocyAapersexxoro yrlpasnexxa oxpyxcatozueH
cpezzbr, 3arpe6
Zjol.-rop 3enbxo Pei3Hep
MHxxcTp 3Apasooxpaxexnsi, 3arpe6
Ziolcrop bepxcnas Clcynxxx
Corpyzullxc no xoop,'zHHauHH H CB5I35IM B03, blopo B03 no Soop,IzvIxazzHH
H CBSI35IM, HHCTxT}-T opraHH3aL[xH H 3xonorlil3 3lzpasooxpaxexxsl,
Corpy,rzHxLratoluHt-i ueHTp B03 no pa3BHTHno 3,4-pasooxpaxeHHS1
Lleuscuasl Pecn>>6.nuua
I"ocnoxca XeneHa L1H3lcosa
OTAen Mex:a)'HapoA,HbIX CB5I3erï, MHHHCTepCTBO oI./3WaKIIIleÎi cpeAbI,
OcrpaBa
gol.Top Kapen MapKBapT
KoopAHHaTop Haunoxanbxoro nnasa AexcTSHH no rxrHexe
ohpyx.anorneH cpelzbl, HaHHOHanbHblli HHCTxTyT o6LueCTBeHHoro
3ApasooxpaxexHx: rIpara
jaxust
I^ocnoAxH AH,rzepc KapnceH
ZjaTcicoe areHTCTSO no oxpaHe ol.pyxcanoruei3 cpeAbl, KonexrareH
3cnutnuR
1^ocnoAxH TooMac Tpeg
rexepanbxblI3 RHpercrop, HâIIHOxa)IbHOe yTIpaBneHHe 3,IjppasooxpaHexHSr,
TaIIJIHHH
fIPV111O>KEHVIE
127
sUuunstxdusl
AoI.-rop Slapxxo 3cxona
îexepanbxbliï ,IIxpelCrop, oT,4en npoc1311naicrxxx x 6narococTOaxxsl,
MxxxCTeperso no couxanbxbIM sonpocaM x 3,apasooXpaxexxio,
Xenbcxxrcx
iocnoxca 3sa I'Ixoxex
YqexbrH cexpeTapb, cbxrcxi:-Iiâ xHCTxTyT orcpyxca1o111eH cpeAbl,
Xe.rlbcxxlcx
Opaur4usr
I'ocno,uxH Aaxxenb MaplIIax
CarxrapablH xxxcexep, îexepanbroe ynpasnexxe no Hayrce, Ilapxxc
I'py3usr
rocno,axH %oprxi3 Lilcoxxx
3aMeCTxTenb MxHiicTpa OI.py7larollaeil cpeAbl, T6xnxcx
rocno)ia MaAoxa Axcop6eHa,rI3e
3aMecTlirenb xa9anbHxl.a oTAena caxxTapxoro HaA3Opa x
rxrxexxtiecxoro HopMxposaxxA, MxxxCTepcTSO 3,1{pasooxpaxexxsl,
T6r-r.rlxex
Tep.niartusr
Aorcrop loxaxec bnacxyc
PecbepaT "OxpaHa ol.pyxcaiol>zeH cpeAbi, 3Aoposbx x nxTbesoil soAbi",
cpe,aepanbxoe MxHI-ICTeperso 3Apasoxpaxexxx, born
Aolcnop Yse Kaia3ep
IIHCTxT)rr Po6epTa Koxa, bepnxH
Bexzpusr
Aoicrop AnaH Ilxxrep
3aMeCTHTenb rexepanbxoro Axpercropa, HaI.cxOHanbHbIÎ3 xHCTHTj7
o61uecrsexxoro sApasooxpaxexxa "F. r4oxaH", byAaner>zT
Aorcrop HaxAop 3o.rlTax
MxxxCTepcTSO or.pyxcarorneia cpeAbi x perxoxa.nbxoiâ nonxTxxx,
YnpasneHxe no sonpocaM cTpaTerxx H MeI:.AyHapOArbIx OTHOI:neHxil,
byAanerar
128
CJ1YXBbI FV15V1EHbl OKPY)fCAK)l.L(EV CPE,D,bI B EBPOnE 3
Il caw, dux
rocnoaxH Ylxrxl.-Iap CxrypaccoH
Axpei:TOp no BorrpocaM ospyx:alolueï3 cpeabi, MHHHCTeperso
OI.p\?I.aioinei3 cpeabl, Pexl:bsiBxs
Ilpnandux
rOCIIO,IZHH Tom riay3p
Ha*-ianbxx< oTaena rxrxexbi oi:pyx:aioinei. cpeabl, ,II,enapraMexT
3apasooxpaxexxsi, Ay6nxx
Il3paun.b
rocno,1jxH LJ..IanOM ronbaoepr
3aMecTHTenb rnaBHoro i3HxceHepa, oTaen olcpyx:alomleii cpeabi,
MxxxcTepcTSo 3apasooxpaxexHSi, PIepycanHM
Ka3 axe man
rocno,';xx B. Hecrepexxo
JIxpel.?op Qraeria nTrdiixpOBaHId1X, 310HOMI31.13 H HOpMySposaHHA HCIIOn130£aHxSi
ripxpogr->bDC pecypcos, MHHHCICperBO 3manorH4 H 6Hopec}PcoB, Amvfalbl
goicrop balaxT XeTbi 6aes
rnaBHblii roc}apcTSeHlmlii caxxTapxbdi span ,71,KaM6}7lbcxoH o6Jlacrx,
MxHHCTepCTBO 3,apaBOoxpaHeHxA, ArIMaTbI
IlrbLp2b13CmaH
rocnoaxH K. bohoH6aeB
MHHHCTp OxpaHbi Ohp}waioLqeii cpeabl, IixiIIKeh
Z[oicrop BxlcTOp rnHxeHKO
rnaBHbIiï roc}',IjapcTBeHHbIH CaHHTapHbIii Bpag, MHHHCTepCTBO
3,upasooxpaxexxx, bHlaices
Jlaincux
rocnoxca Jlxra Emma.
OTaen oxpaxbi orpyx:alomeH cpeabl, MxHHCTeperso oxpaxbl
oKpyxCalolIZeF3 cpeabi H perxoHanbHOrO IInaHxpOBaHHA, PHra
Zoi.-rop Cxrxe BenxxA
3aMecTHTenb .axpesTopa, oTaen rxrHexbi oxpyx:alouiei1 cpeabi.
MHHHCTCpCTBO 6narococTOxxxA, Pm-a
f1P VUI O>KEH V1E
129
Huma
rocnoAHH ApBHAac Aparyxac
HazlânbHHK oTmna 3KOHOMHKH H nporpaMMHpOBaHHA, MHHHCTepCTBo
oxpaHb] Oh-ppr:aK)Iljefl cpe,I;bl, BHnbHIOC
rocnoAHH Anb6HHac Macraycica.c
ï'nasHbl rOCyAapCTBeHHbIÎ3 spazI-rxrxeHHeT, MHHACTepcTBo
3ApasooxpaxeHHsl, BHnbHIOc
Manbma
TOcnoAHH A.aH MHCipcyA
AenapTaMeHT 06LIIeCTBeHHOrO 3,7paBOOxpaHEHH5L. Banc-,-rra
Hud ep.71aF1(jbl
3HAe
Aolcrop
OTAen 6e3onacxocrH norpe6HTen5i H rHrHeHbl OKT}?KaIOIIIe CpeAb1,
MHHHcreperso 3ApasooxpaxeHHx, 6narococroaHHSi H cnopTa, PHKCSHK
Hop aezun
Zjoxmp ParHap Con6paa Ea3H
OTAen nepsHHHOi3 MeAHuHHCKO-camHTapxo noMOIIjH, YnpaBneHHe
3ApasooxpaxeHHSI HopserxH, Ocno
Han buta
rocno,IzHH PHqapA SIIiHKOBCKH
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ilpocPeccop CTaHHCJIaB TapsosCKHr3
OTAen BpeAHbrx clalcropOS olCp}w.aiolue CpeAbl, Ho(pepoBCKIiFI Iû3CTI3T}rr
rHrHCHbI TpyAa, 11OA3b
Pecnv6nulca Mondoea
Ilpocleccop Ceprxy Ky3HeuoB
]IHper:Top, IleHTp couxanbxbrx Hccne,4oBaxHF3 H 3KonorHH 9enoseKa,
,AenapTaMeHT oxpaxbi olcpyx:atouzeil cpeAbl, KHIUHHeB
Aolcrop AyMHTpy CHpereaHy
ApIpelcrop OTAena o>`Pti)KalouleH cpeAbl, HauHOHanbHbIIi HarHbIH
npaICPHYeCKHII ueHTp rHrHeHbl H 3nHAeMHOnorI1H, KHUIHHes
130
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PyMbLHUfI
21osrop Alum ,ElyMHTpecrry
Cneuxa.nxcT no oxpaxe oicpyx:atouteH cpeabr, IiacTHTyI' rxrHexbr.
YnpasnexHe H vc.rr}TH 3npasooxpaxexxsr, ByxapecT
ïocnoxca Marna Crosza
YIacnes.-op no orcpprcaforaeH cpeae, BeaOMCTSO oxpaxbr orcPpKaroiueH
cpeabr. BtixapecT
Poccuücxasi
edepaqux
Aor.-rop AneKcaxap Menexxx
Haxanbxxn oraena, ï'ocyaapcTSexxbrH aenapTaMexT caxHTapHH,
I^ocyaapcTSexxbrÎ3 xoMHTeT CaHHTapHO-3nHaeMHonorHireCKorO
noxTponsr, Mocresa
CGroaaxun
rocnoxca Karapxxa Xarr3nosa
jjr3pexrop mama orcppcarorueH cpeabr H ycnosHH Tpyaa, MHxxcTeperso
3apasooxpaxexxa, BpaTxc.rrasa
I"ocnoxca KseTOc.rrasa Konnosa
Pa6oxasr rpyrura no pa3pa6oTne ILraxa aeïrcrsHH no orcpyxcaromeH cpeae
H oxpaxe 3,4opos1,51, CneuxaJII-rsnposaxxbrÎi rocyaapcTSeHIibrr3 HHCTHTy-T
3apasooxpasexHSi, Baxcra Bbrc-rpxua
I"ocnoxca ïa6pH3na cbH>:ueposa
OTaen r.sex.ayxapoaxbrx cssrseH, MHxxcTeperso oxpx:arorucri cpeabr,
bparxcnasa
CnoeeKUSt
ïoanoxca Tea rnasap
MHxHCTeperso oxpyxcarorneï cpeabr H nnaxxposaxxsr, J11o6nsrxa
Aor.zop iI. OTopeneu
I41-1cTriTyT o6ruecrsexxoro 3apasooxpaxeHHsi, Jl1o6nsrxa
Illrcec{.uJr
I-ocnoaxH MaprxH 3pxnccox
3aseayrouiHii oraenoM rxrHexbr orcpy.narorueH cpeabr, Hauxoxanbxoe
ynpasnexHe 3apasooxpaxexxsr H 6narococrosrxxsr, CTOKrOJIbM
np1/1n0mFHME
131
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Aolcrop Ypcyna Ynbpxa-Bërnxx
HatlanbHHK oTAena ol,-pyxcaiouzeH cpeAbl x 3Apa.sooxpaxeHxA, bepx
Tad atcuuucmax
rocnoAxH H. M. Caciapos
3aMecTxrenb Mxxxcrpa oicpyx:alouteÎl cpeAbi, eajLllaH6e
ZjOicrop II. C. IIIOAMOHOB
3aMeCTHTenb rnasxoro Bpaxa, Pecny6nxxallcxaA caxHTapxo3nxJIeMHOnOrH9eChaA CTaHII,HA, MHHHCTepCTBO 3ApasooxpaxeHHx,
gymaH6e
EbleulaR IO2OGLaeCt.aR Pecny6.rtura Mal:edoxuR
goicrop EnH3asera CTxxosa
AHpek-rop Pecny6nxl:aHcxoro HIcTI-mra oxpaxbl 3A0posb51, Csonbe
TJ pt4uR
rocnox:a CeMa Annax
rocyAapcTBexxa.A opraxx3aums nnaxxposaxxA, Amapa
rocnox.a 1"103xH ApaT
OTAeJI Mex-,.,Ayxapolzxbix oTHOUIeHHÂ, MHHHCreperso ol:p;)k-alouzei3
cpe,abi. Amapa
rocnox:a ClospxA Kane
gHpesTop oTAena rHrxeHbI ospyx:aiouzeH cpe,abi, YnpaBnexxe
nepBlfiixoi3 Me,axtzxaci.oH noMouzx, Axhapa
T}pu.niexucmax
goicrop berxcaH Llapbies
rnasxblH Spam IlexrpanbxoH caHHTapxo-nHZZeMHonorip-iecxoi3
cra.xuxH, Aun:a6a,a
rocno.axx C. ATaes
Haxaxxs or,aena i:oxrponA H xHCnei.IuHii, MH:HHCrepCTBO rlpHpoAxbix
pecypcoB H oxpaxbi oicpyzaiouzei3 cpeAbi, Auira6aT
132
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3 i.pauxa
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3aMeCTHTeJib xananbxxxa OTzeJla Me]i:,ayxapoz[xbIx OTHOIIIexHÎ3,
MHHHCTepCTBO oxpaxbi o1.Tpxalolgel3 cpeAbl H AAepHOÂ 6e3onacxoCTx,
Kxes
Aoicrop Jlio6osb Helcpacosa
CTapLUHil caxHTapxblH span. MHxHCTeperso 3.apasoxpaHexiu. KHes
Benuxo6pumaxusz
zjoicrop Fix-rep XHxnxJlHt]xl)
OTAeJ1 xHMHLleci:Hx BeLuecTB H 6140TexHOJIOrxH, genapTaMexT
olcpy>xa.lolueH cpeRbi. JIoxAoa
rocnoxca 3xx MaxAoxanb.a
HaLiâJIbHHx orAeJIa xOOpAHHaI.THH no sorlpocaM o1cpy?laloLueï3 CpeAbi,
AenapraMexT 3Apasooxpaxexxsl, JIox,aoH
rocnoAHx gasHA IleppH,axc
OTAen x14149ecxHx seLIIeCTB H 6xoTexHO.ioriiH. ,,E1,enapTaMexT
olcpywaioluei3 cpezlbi, Jlox,aox
Y36eKucmax
rocnoAHH r. KOI-IiOxOB
IZepsbiH 3aMeCTHTe?Ib rOC37apcTSexiiorO xoMHTeTa Oxpaxbi npxpoAka,
TaiuxexT
Aoi.Top C E IIiayMapos
rnasxblH span Pecny6nxiaxcxoi3 caxHTapao-3nHAeMHonorxnecxoil
CTaxLjHH, TaLlixexT
Bpcniexxble coeemxuKu
rocnoAHH Mlirenb boxxeT
bapcenoxa, PIcnaxxa
rocnoxca KpHcrxxa X
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133
f1PV151O?KEHVIE
rocnonxH To
CDneTVep
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3ApaBOOxpaaexHA H nOnHTHKIi, JloxAOxcsaA msona rxrxexbr H
Tporllfirec
Me,ijHul311br, JIoHAoH
rocnoxca I43a6enna rya
KnepMOH-cDeppax, opaxuHSr
zjorcrop AxRpeac Kannoc
BeAoMCTBO Tpyna, 3,4oposbA H couHanbxbr}: Bonpocos, raM6ypr,
repMaHlu
rocnonHH Jlacno Kapac
PerxoHanbxbrH uexTp no npo6neMaM olcpyxcaroruei3 cpenbi Ansr
L.leHTpanbxoil H BOCTOTiHOÂ EsponbI, XexrexAp, Bexrpxsr
rocnonxH Sia.H Marcapryp
1I0M0II1Hi3K ceKpeTapA, rOnOBHOH HHCTHT),T rxrxexbi oKp\7rcalflrIrer3
cpenbr, noxnoH, Benxxo6pxTaxHx
rocnonxH EapHaT MynnepaT
bapcenoxa, PIcnaxxsr
Aorcrop Mapnex IZpor.'rop
TTTr,rona Harnroro nxrarn42 H rxrHexbr orcpy)Karouzex cpenbr, V6Jn3HCIZ3r3
Texr-ronorxHecxxii HHCTHTyr, ,2ly6nxx, IipnaHnxsl
rocnonHH IOnroc Tlramerac
3A0 ,21HarxocTHmecicHe cxcreMbr, BHJIbHiOC, JIHTSa
rocnoxa Krrsr Parxep
rnasxbrH cneûHanHCT, Mex:Ayxaponxasr cj)eA,epauHSr no rxrxexe
oI.PyxcarorueH cpenbr, blopo oxpy)Karouzerr cpenbr H oxpaxbr 3nopoBbsc,
o6rRHxa OcTepahepc, Axepc6epr, LLIBeuHx
rocnoAxH PHxapA CTepH
flapi-DL, cÀpaxuHSi
134
CllY>Kbbi f V1fVIEHbI OKPY>KAOW,EVI CPEAbI B EBPOfIE 3
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rocnoxca Axxa BpaMSe.rut
Ilapxxc, Opal-rum
Bcckcupnbcü 6anx
rocnoxca KpxC-ranxxa reoprHesa
rnasxbiH 3xOHOMHCT no sonpocaM oxpyxcarouleH cpe,Abi, oTAen
orcpyxcarouxeH epe,abi, BaLUxxr-rox, orcpyr KonyM6xsi, CIJIA
Eeponeùci:asr KaMUCCUSt
rocnoxca KpxcTHxa IIIaTuab
rexepanbxbrH AHper.-rop, J11oxceM63pr
Hahnfodam.eau
rocno,axx AxApeH J7oHxapxu
gaxxbre rllC, 3arpe6, XopsaTHx
rocnoAHH Apcerr Ilasacosrm
rlpHopNTeTxaR nporpaMMa AeHCTHxH, CpeAH3eMHoMopcxHH nnaH
ACHCTHHri, CnnHT, XopHaTHA
Ilpocpeccop Zjok-rop Te,aecxx
3xcnepT no sonpocaM rpn-xexbi orcpycarouzeH cpeAbi, 3arpe6, XopsaTHSi
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rocnoAxH Kcasbep Boxxecpya
PerHoxanbxbii3 coseTxxx, IlnaHxposaHl3e rS3rHexbl oxpyxcaroukeH
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rocno,axH 3MMaxy3nb BpHaH
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135
hocnoAHH NaKO BaH AiOBeH6o4eH
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cpeAbl H yTlpasnexxsl 3ApasooxpaxexxeM
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B crpaHax EBponbi
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