2005 wlis erovnuli moxseneba garemos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb

Transcrição

saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi
resursebis saministro
2005 wlis
erovnuli moxseneba
garemos mdgomareobis
Sesaxeb
moxseneba Sedgenilia saqarTvelos prezidentis 1999 wlis 25 ivnisis #389
brZanebulebis “garemos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb erovnuli moxsenebis Sedgenis
wesis” safuZvelze.
moxseneba damtkicebulia saqarTvelos prezidentis 2006 wlis 28 dekembris
#822 gankargulebiT ”2005 wlis garemos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb erovnuli
moxsenebis damtkicebis Taobaze”
dainteresebuli saxelmwifo uwyebebis mier warmodgenil masalebze
dayrdnobiT dokumenti momzadda saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi
resursebis saministros mier.
2
sarCevi
winasityvaoba..................................................................................................................................................... 4
Tavi 1. atmosferuli haeri...................................................................................................................6
Tavi 2. wyali da wylis resursebi .................................................................................................. 13
Tavi 3. miwa da miwis resursebi........................................................................................................21
Tavi 4. wiaRi da wiaRiseuli...............................................................................................................26
Tavi 5. mcenareuli safari ....................................................................................................................29
Tavi 6. cxovelTa samyaro......................................................................................................................31
Tavi 7. radiaciuli mdgomareoba........................................................................................................34
Tavi 8. garemoze fizikuri zemoqmedebis gansakuTrebuli saxeebi.................................37
Tavi 9. wlis meteorologiuri pirobebis Taviseburebebi. bunebrivi
katastrofebi da stiqiuri ubedurebebi......................................................................39
Tavi 10. garemos ekologiuri faqtorebis SesaZlo gavlena
mosaxleobis janmrTelobaze ...............................................................................................42
Tavi 11. ekologiuri faqtorebis gavlena kulturuli memkvidreobis
SenarCunebaze.................................................................................................................................45
Tavi 12. daculi teritoriebi ..............................................................................................................49
Tavi 13. erovnuli meurneobis garemoze gavlenis Taviseburebebi ...................................50
Tavi 14. qimiuri saSualebebi ................................................................................................................. 53
Tavi 15. narCenebi...........................................................................................................................................60
Tavi 16. teqnogenuri avariebi da katastrofebi........................................................................65
Tavi 17. saqarTvelos garemosdacviTi kanonmdebloba .............................................................68
Tavi 18. kontroli garemos dacvis sferoSi ...............................................................................70
Tavi 19. garemosdacviTi politika da saxelmwifo programebi.........................................74
Tavi 20. ekologiuri usafrTxoeba ..................................................................................................... 74
Tavi 21. bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis ekonomikuri meqanizmebi ........................... 77
Tavi 22. garemosdacviTi saqmianobis dafinanseba ........................................................................79
Tavi 23. garemos monitoringis sistema ........................................................................................... 79
Tavi 24. garemosdacviTi nebarTva ........................................................................................................82
Tavi 25. saerTaSoriso TanamSromloba da saxelmwifoTaSorisi
ekologiuri problemebi.........................................................................................................82
Tavi 26. samecniero-kvleviTi samuSaoebi garemosdacviTi problemebis gadaWrisa
da ekologiuri usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis saqmeSi......................................87
Tavi 27. garemosdacviTi ganaTleba da informaciul-saganmanaTleblo
saqmianoba.........................................................................................................................................103
Tavi 28. garemosdacviTi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi...........................................................107
daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi .....................................................................................................................110
moxsenebaSi gaTvaliswinebuli informaciis wyaroebi ..............................................................114
danarTi (37 gv.)..............................................................................................................................................115
3
winasityvaoba
winamdebare “2005 wlis garemos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb erovnuli moxseneba”
SemuSavebulia „garemos dacvis Sesaxeb“ saqarTvelos kanonis me-14 muxlisa da
“garemos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb erovnuli moxsenebis Sedgenis Taobaze” saqarTvelos
prezidentis 1999 wlis 25 ivnisis #389 brZanebulebis Sesabamisad.
erovnuli moxseneba warmoadgens saqarTvelos garemos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb
arsebuli informaciis Semajamebel dokuments, romelSic asaxulia qveynis
garemosdacviTi politikis ZiriTadi mimarTulebebi, warmodgenilia informacia
garemos xarisxobrivi mdgomareobis, mimdinare garemosdacviTi proeqtebisa da
garemosdacviTi saqmianobis Sedegebis Taobaze.
aRsaniSnavia, rom 2005 weli, rogorc struqturuli, aseve sakanonmdeblomaregulirebeli TvalsazrisiT, dinamiuri cvlilebebiT xasiaTdeboda. revoluciuri
cvlilebebi ganxorcielda licenziebisa da nebarTvebis sistemaSi - Semcirda
licenzirebas daqvemdebarebuli saqmianobebi; gamartivda Sesabamisi procedurebi;
SemoRebul iqna “erTi fanjris principi”; dainerga bunebrivi resursebiT
sargeblobis auqcionis wesiT gacema; bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis licenziis
danawevrebis, gayidvisa da memkvidreobiT gadacemis SesaZlebloba.
sxvadasxva uwyebebs Soris gafantuli garemos dacvaze saxelmwifo
kontrolis funqcia moeqca erTi organos - saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da
bunebrivi resursebis saministros mmarTvelobis sferoSi. saministros sistemaSi
Seiqmna axali makontrolebeli organo _ “garemos dacvis inspeqcia”, romlis
muSaobis prioritetul mimarTulebad ganisazRvra ukanono resurTsargeblobis
winaaRmdeg brZola da garemosdacviTi valdebulebebis Sesrulebis kontroli.
saqarTvelos erovnuli parkebisa da teritoriebis SenarCunebasa da
ganviTarebas udidesi mniSvneloba aqvs Cveni qveynisaTvis. 2005 wels saministrom
saerTaSoriso donori organizaciebis mxardaWeriT daiwyo farTomasStabiani
proeqtebis ganxorcieleba, romelTa mizania daculi teritoriebis turistuli
infrastruqturis srulyofa-gaZliereba. es swored is RonisZiebebia, romelic axlo
momavalSi erTmniSvnelovnad xels Seuwyobs dacul teritoriebze adgilobriv Tu
ucxoel vizitorTa raodenobis zrdas, qveyanaSi ekoturizmis mZlavri potencialis
adeqvatur aTvisebas.
saministros mier 2005 wels dawyebulia muSaoba dokumentze, romelic
saqarTvelos erovnuli satyeo politikis strategiis SemuSavebas isaxavs miznad.
aRniSnuli dokumentis safuZvelze igegmeba qveynis satyeo seqtorSi marTvis
sistemis reformireba, romlis ZiriTad mizans warmoadgens dargSi arsebuli mwvave
garemosdacviTi da socialur-ekonomikuri saxis problemebis gadaWra.
2005 wels kvlav aqtualuri iyo garemos ZiriTadi komponentebis _
atmosferuli haeris, wylis resursebis, niadagis dabinZurebis, biomravalferovnebis
dacvisa da maTTan dakavSirebuli sxva saxis problemebi.
4
garemosdacviTi
TvalsazrisiT
rTuli
viTarebaaa
saqarTvelos
mier
arakontrolirebad teritoriebze (afxazeTi, cxinvalis regioni), sadac ver
xorcieldeba adeqvaturi kontroli garemos dacvis sferoSi.
saerTaSoriso mravalmxrivi garemosdacviTi xelSekrulebebisa da konvenciebis
wevroba saqarTvelos, erTi mxriv, aZlevs erovnuli sakanonmdeblo bazis srulyofis
saSualebas, xolo meore mxriv, xels uwyobs globaluri garemosdacviTi
problemebis gadasaWrelad optimaluri gzebis Ziebis procesSi saqarTvelos
interesebis asaxvas. donorebis daxmarebiT mimdinare programebi garkveul pirobebs
qmnis qveynisaTvis saerTaSoriso valdebulebebis Sesasruleblad, garemos dasacavad
da bunebrivi resursebis mdgradi gamoyenebis uzrunvelsayofad.
cxadia, warmodgenili naSromi, ver iqneba dazRveuli xarvezebisa Tu
uzustobebisagan. moxsenebaze momuSave jgufi gaiTvaliswinebs yvela im SeniSvnasa da
winadadebas, romelic xels Seuwyobs Semdgomi gamocemebis srulyofil momzadebas.
avtorTa jgufi
5
Tavi I
atmosferuli haeri
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebas ganapirobebs rogorc teqnogenuri, aseve
bunebrivi dabinZurebis wyaroebis funqcionireba.
“atmosferuli haeris dacvis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanonis Tanaxmad,
teqnogenuri dabinZurebis wyaroebidan, saxelmwifo aRricxvas eqvemdebareba mxolod
stacionaruli wyaroebi, romlebidanac mavne nivTierebaTa wliuri gafrqvevebis
SesaZlo maqsimaluri odenobebi aRemateba: a) mtvrisTvis – 10 tonas, b) gogirdis
dioqsidisTvis (SO2) - 10 tonas, g) naxSirJangisTvis (CO) - 100 tonas, d) azotis
dioqsidisTvis (NO2) – 1,5 tonas da e) yvela tipis naxSirwyalbadebisTvis jamurad
(∑CH) - 30 tonas.
saqarTveloSi
atmosferuli
haeri
binZurdeba
avtotransportidan,
energetikuli seqtoridan, samrewvelo obieqtebidan da soflis meurneobis
dargebidan. maTgan ZiriTadi dambinZurebelia energetika da avtotransporti.
aRsaniSnavia, rom bolo wlebSi matulobs energetikaSi moxmarebuli sawvavis
raodenoba da masTan dakavSirebiT izrdeba energoseqtoridan mavne nivTierebebis
atmosferoSi gafrqveva.
qvemoT mocemul cxrilebSi naCvenebia monacemebi, romlebic gaangariSebulia
ZiriTad saxelmZRvanelo dokumentebSi warmodgenil da IPCC-is da CORINAIR–is
meTodikebis mier rekomendebuli calkeuli nivTierebis xvedriTi gafrqvevis
koeficientis mniSvnelobaTa gamoyenebiT.
2005 wlisaTvis saqarTveloSi aRiricxeboda iyo sul 341500 erTeuli
avtomanqana. am sawyisi statistikuri monacemisa da wina wlebSi avtoparkis Sida
struqturuli Semadgenlobis monacemebze dayrdnobiT wrfivi eqstrapolaciis
meSveobiT dadginda (sawyisi statistikuri monacemebis arasakmarisobis gamo), rom
avtoparkis saerTo raodenobidan aris: 36,3 aTasi (10,6 %) – satvirTo, 29,7 aTasi
(8,7 %) – avtobusi, 1,2 aTasi (0,35 %) – specialuri manqanebi da 274,3 aTasi (80,3
%) – msubuqi avtomanqana.
saqarTvelos
ekonomikuri
ganviTarebis
saministros
statistikis
departamentis monacemebiT, 2005 wels qveyanaSi moixmareboda 585 600 t. sawvavi:
aqedan _ 334 200 t. benzini da 251 400 t. dizelis sawvavi.
avtotransportidan atmosferuli haeri ZiriTadad binZurdeba naxSirJangiT,
naxSirwyalbadebiT (aon-ebi da mcire raodenobiT meTani), azotis oqsidebiT,
gogirdis oqsidiT, WvartliT, benz(a)pireniT da naxSirorJangiT.
cxrilSi 1.1 Setanilia rogorc benzinze, aseve dizelis sawvavze momuSave
avtotransportidan 2005 wels atmosferoSi mavne nivTierebaTa gafrqvevebis
raodenobrivi maxasiaTeblebi, romlebic gaangariSebuli iqna sawvavis moxmarebisa da
avtomanqanidan mavne nivTierebis xvedriTi gafrqvevis koeficientis gamoyenebiT.
6
cxrili #1.1
avtotransportidan 2005 wels atmosferoSi mavne nivTierebaTa
gafrqvevebi (t/weliwadSi)
avtotransporti
momuSave
benzinze
dizelis sawvavze
sul avtotransportidan
naxSirJangi
CO
147048
31425
178473
gafrqveul mavne nivTierebaTa raodenoba,
t/weliwadSi
naxSirazotis gogirdis
benz(a)wy-alba- Wvartli
dioqsi- dioqsidi
pireni
C*
debi
di NO2
C20H20
SO2
∑CH
8355
668
26736
201
0,0769
8799
5028
13827
3771
0,0779
17154
5696
40563
3972
0,1548
naxSirorJangi
CO2
1072114
806491
1878605
SeniSvna: cxrilSi ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli avtotransportis mier bunebrivi sawvavi airis
(gaTxevadebuli airi, SekumSuli airi) moxmarebis Sedegad warmoebuli gafrqvevebi; avtotransportis
mier bunebrivi sawvavi airis moxmareba daaxloebiT Seadgens avtotransportis mier saerTod
moxmarebuli sawvavis raodenobis 1,7 %-s.
rogorc cxrilidan Cans, benzinze momuSave avtotransportidan atmosferoSi
gacilebiT meti mavne nivTierebebi gaifrqveva, vidre dizelis sawvavze momuSave
avtomanqanebidan. sul avtotransportidan atmosferoSi gamoiyofa 245 858 t. mavne
nivTiereba naxSirorJangis gareSe, naxSirorJangis CaTvliT ki _ 2124463 t.
saqarTvelos transportis maregulirebel erovnul komisiaSi, atmosferuli
haeris xarisxis gaumjobesebis mizniT, mudmivad mimdinareobs muSaoba qveynis
saavtomobilo parkis ganaxlebis samuSaoebis xelSewyobis mizniT. saavtomobilo
transportis administraciis monawileobiT am mimarTulebiT SemuSavebuli iqna
ramdenime kanonproeqti, romlebic ukve miRebulia saqarTvelos parlamentis mier.
maT safuZvelze dawesebuli avtosatransporto saSualebebis (maT Soris gamwe
avtomobilebis, satvirTo avtomobilebis, avtobusebis da msubuqi avtomobilebis)
importis SeRavaTebiT qveyanaSi igrZnoba saavtomobilo parkis ganaxlebis dadebiTi
tendencia. aRniSnulma procesma xeli Seuwyo sabWouri warmoebis avtosatransporto
saSualebebis Canacvlebas cnobili firmebis maRalteqnologiuri da ekologiurad
ufro usafrTxo avtosatransporto saSualebebiT, aRniSnulma ki sagrZnoblad
gaaumjobesa atmosferuli haeris xarisxobrivi maCveneblebi qveynis did qalaqebSi.
atmosferos dabinZurebis mniSvnelovani nawili, rogorc zemoT iyo
aRniSnuli, modis energetikis seqtorze.
monacemebi
energetikis
seqtoridan
atmosferos
dabinZurebis
Sesaxeb
mocemulia cxrilSi 1.2.
cxrili 1.2-dan Cans, rom atmosferos dabinZurebis didi wili modis
naxSirwyalbadebze anu aqrolad organul nivTierebebze (aon), naxSirJangsa da myar
nawilakebze (mtverze), Tu mxedvelobaSi ar miviRebT naxSirorJangs, rogorc aramavne
nivTierebas. sul atmosferoSi energetikis seqtoridan gamoiyofa 110219 tona mavne
nivTiereba (naxSirorJangis gareSe).
7
cxrili 1.2
atmosferoSi 2005 wels damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gafrqvevebi (tona/weliwadSi)
energetikis seqtoridan
atmosferul haerSi gafrqveuli
nivTierebebis dasaxeleba
myari nawilakebi, t/wel
naxSirJangi CO, t/wel
gogirdis orJangi SO2, t/wel
azotis oqsidebi NO2, t/wel
naxSirwyalbadebi (aon) ∑CH, t/wel
benz(a)pireni C20H20, t/wel
naxSirorJangi CO2, t/wel
qvanaxSiri,
Txevadi
airi,
75,8*
17,7
aT. t.
6984,1
5285,1
3141,8
115,0
_
0,000152
133460,3
aT. t.
_
7788,0
_
443,0
1415,9
77,7
1900,9
_
104,6
3643,4
34834,1
125013,9
navTi,
38,8
aT. t.
mazuTi,
12,9 aT.
t.
13,4
167,7
479,9
51,5
_
0,000047
41512,4
bunebrivi
airi,
1454,9
mln. m3
_
10596,9
_
6906,5
61103,7
0,1105724
2735100,9
sul
7075,2
25738,6
3621,7
7620,6
66163,0
0,110771
3069920,9
SeniSvnebi:
qvanaxSiris grafaSi warmodgenilia qveyanaSi moxmarebuli qvanaxSiris, antracitis da koqsis jamuri raodenoba, xolo
benz(a)pirenis xvedriTi gafrqvevis koeficientis saSualo mniSvneloba miRebulia 2 mg/t-is tolad.
aon aRniSnavs aqrolad organul naerTebs.
cxrilSi ar aris gaTvaliswinebuli SeSis wvis Sedegad gafrqveul mavne nivTierebaTa raodenoba.
cxrilSi mocemuli bunebrivi airis wvis Sedegad warmoqmnili gafrqvevebis SefasebaTa maxasiaTeblebis gasaangariSeblad
gamoyenebuli sawyisi informacia warmoadgens im gafrqvevebs, romlebic Seesabameba:
1.
2.
3.
eleqtroenergiis warmoebaSi daxarjul odenobebs,
gaJonvis danakargebs (bunebrivi airis moculobaSi warmodgenili raodenobrivi maxasiaTebeli gadaangariSebulia kilogramebSi d=0,7 g/m3
simkvrivis maxasiaTeblis gamoyenebiT),
sul moxmarebuli bunebrivi airis odenobebs (araenergetikuli miznebisTvis s.s. “azotSi” moxmarebuli raodenobis garda).
wyaro: saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministro; statistikis departamenti.
8
cxrilSi 1.3 Setanilia
mrewvelobis seqtoridan.
atmosferuli
haeris
dabinZurebis
monacemebi
cxrili 1.3
atmosferoSi 2005 wels mavne nivTierebaTa gafrqvevebi (aTasi t/weliwadSi)
mrewvelobis seqtoridan
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
warmoebuli produqcia da misi
raodenoba
qvanaxSiri 5,1 aT. .t
navTobi 66,6 aT. t
bunebrivi airi 14,8 mln. m3
navTobis gadamuSaveba 1,7 aT. t
feroSenadnobebi 123,3 aT. t
mineraluri sasuqebi 116,1 aT. t
cementi, 529,5 aT. t
kiri, 16,4 aT.t
asfalti, 293,4 aT. t
daxerxili xe-tye, 87,8 aT. m3
fqvili, 195,9 aT. t
Saqari, 142,8 aT. t
Cai, 4,2 aT. t
yava, 0,758 aT. t
koniaki da arayi, 804,3 aT. dkl
Rvino, 3,9 mln. dkl
Sampanuri, 189,2 aT. dkl
puri, 93,3 aT.t
ludi, 5,9 mln. dkl
gafrqvevaTa jamuri odenoba
atmosferoSi gafrqveuli
mtveri
CO
SO2
25,5
_
_
_
28,7
2,7
_
_
_
_
0,5
1,0
_
_
4,7
139,8
_
_
7131,9
_
_
1025,0
_
_
6595,4
_
_
1052,6
_
_
1074,8
_
_
841,4
_
_
42,0
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
17,7
_
_
_
_
_
17946,1
29,2
8,4
nivTierebani, t/weliwadSi
aon-ebi
NOx
CO2
_
143,4
_
2,7
438,8
_
_
19,0
_
0,1
13,5
_
724,4
_
209610,0
_
_
_
_
_
264750,0
_
_
12875,3
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
0,3
_
_
1208,4
_
_
30,3
_
_
2,1
_
_
747,1
_
_
20,9
_
727,2 2623,8 487235,3
cxrili 1.3-dan Cans, rom mrewvelobis seqtoridan yvelaze didi
raodenobiT atmosferoSi gaifrqveva mtveri (17946 t), Semdeg ki, arameTanuri
aqroladi organuli nivTierebani (aaon-ebi) _ 2624 t, xolo mTlianad
mrewvelobis seqtoridan gamoiyofa 21335 t mavne nivTierebani (gafrqvevaTa am
jamur maxasiaTebelSi ar Sedis CO2-is gafrqvevis raodenoba, vinaidan is mavne
nivTiereba araa, xolo misi aRricxva xdeba, rogorc e. w. saTburis airisa).
atmosferuli haeri mniSvnelovnad binZurdeba agreTve soflis meurneobis
seqtoridan, gansakuTrebiT mesaqonleobis dargis mier.
gamoyofili mavne nivTierebebis raodenoba gaangariSebulia xvedriTi
gafrqvevebis maxasiaTeblis mixedviT. monacemebi Setanilia cxrilSi 1.4.
9
cxrili 1.4
2005 wels soflis meurneobis seqtoridan
atmosferuli haeris dabinZureba mavne nivTierebebiT
pirutyvi
saxeoba
msxvilfexa rqosani
Rori
cxvari da Txa
sul
raodenoba,
aTasi suli
1265,1
422,3
886,8
atmosferoSi gafrqveuli nivTierebani,
t/weliwadSi
arameTanuli aqrogogirdamiaki
ladi organuli nivmeTani
wyalbadi
Tierebebi, aaon-ebi
23928,9
388,5
3171,4
119688,1
533,7
119,7
204,0
_
2796,5
223,7
683,0
_
27259,1
731,9
4058,4
119688,1
cxrili 1.4-dan naTlad Cans, rom atmosferos dabinZurebis didi nawili
modis msxvilfexa rqosan pirutyvze (147177 tona weliwadSi).
cxrilSi 1.5 Setanilia 2005 wels ekonomikis sxvadasxva seqtoridan
atmosferuli haeris damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa gafrqvevebis jamuri emisiebi.
cxrili 1.5
2005 wels ekonomikis sxvadasxva seqtoridan
atmosferoSi gafrqveuli mavne nivTierebebi
damabinZurebel nivTierebaTa
gafrqveva ekonomikis
seqtoris wyaroebidan
avtotransporti
energetika
mrewveloba
soflis meurneoba
sul
atmosferuli haeris wliur gafrqvevaTa maxasiaTeblebi
(mricxvelSi tona weliwadSi, mniSvnelSi %)
naxSirorJangis gareSe
naxSirorJangis CaTvliT
245858/46,46
2124463/35,63
110219/20,83
3180139/53,3
21335/4,03
508570/8,53
151738/28,68
151738/2,54
529150/100
5964910/100
rogorc cxrili 1.5-dan Cans, saqarTvelos atmosferuli haeri yvelaze metad
binZurdeba avtotransportiT (46,46 %), Semdeg soflis meurneobidan (28,68 %),
energetikiT (20,83 %) da bolos mrewvelobiT (4,03 %).
SedarebisaTvis diagramaze 1.1 mocemulia 2002-2005 wlebSi
sxvadasxva
seqtoridan
atmosferuli
haeris
dabinZurebis
(naxSirorJangis gareSe).
10
ekonomikis
monacemebi
2003-2005 wlebSi ek on omi k i s sxvad asxva seq tori d an
atmosferoSi gafrq veuli mavn e n i vTi erebebi
245 858
250 000
199 058
aT. tona/weliwadSi
200 000
170 096
151 964 148 791 151 738
150 000
110 219
100 000
80 265
2003
85 283
2004
2005
50 000
11 685
13 416
21 335
0
avtotransporti
energetika
mrewveloba
soflis
meurneoba
diagrama 1.1
saministros monitoringisa da prognozirebis centris mier 2005 wels
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebaze dakvirveba warmoebda saqarTvelos 6 qalaqSi:
Tbilisi, rusTavi, quTaisi, zestafoni, baTumi da axalcixe. sul isazRvreboda 8
dambinZurebeli ingredienti: mtveri, gogirdis dioqsidi, azotis dioqsidi,
naxSirJangi, gogirdwyalbadi, azotis oqsidi, xsnadi sulfatebi da manganumis
dioqsidi (cxrili 1.6).
2005 wels saqarTvelos 6 qalaqis teritoriaze arsebul 16 stacionarul
saguSagoze aRebul iqna atmosferuli haeris 28556 sinji da Sesabamisad Catarda
amdenive analizi.
mtveri – isazRvreboda 5 qalaqSi: TbilisSi (1 saguSagoze), zestafonSi,
axalcixeSi, baTumsa da quTaisSi. am qalaqebSi mtvris saSualo wliuri
koncentracia
meryeobda
1,3-3,3
zdk-s
farglebSi.
mtvris
maqsimaluri
koncentracia aRiniSna q.zestafonSi da man Seadgina 2,6 mg/m3 (5,2 zdk).
gogirdis dioqsidi – isazRvreboda 3 qalaqSi: zestafoni, baTumi da
quTaisi. am qalaqebSi gogirdis dioqsidis saSualo wliuri koncentracia
meryeobda 2-2,2 zdk-s farglebSi, xolo maqsimaluri koncentraciebi ar
aRematebodnen Sesabamis zdk-ebs.
azotis dioqsidi – isazRvreboda 3 qalaqSi: zestafoni, baTumi da quTaisi.
q. zestafonSi misi saSualo wliuri koncentracia ar aRemateboda Sesabamis zdks. q. quTaisSi saSualo wliurma koncentraciam Seadgina 0,07 mg/m3 (1,8 zdk),
xolo q. baTumSi 0,05 mg/m3 (1,2 zdk). q. baTumsa da q. zestafonSi misi
maqsimaluri koncentraciebi ar aRematebodnen zdk-s, xolo q. quTaisSi
maqsimalurma koncentraciam miaRwia 0,14 mg/m3-s (1,6 zdk).
naxSirJangi – isazRvreboda sam qalaqSi: Tbilisi, rusTavi da quTaisi.
samive qalaqSi misi saSualo wliuri koncentracia ar aRemateboda zRvrulad
11
dasaSvebs. calkeul dReebSi q. TbilisSi naxSirJangis maqsimaluri koncentracia
aRwevda 2-2,6 zdk-s.
azotis oqsidi – isazRvreboda or qalaqSi: zestafonsa da quTaisSi. misi
saSualo wliuri da maqsimaluri koncentraciebi ar aRematebodnen Sesabamis zdkebs.
gogirdwyalbadi – isazRvreboda mxolod q. baTumSi. aq misi maqsimaluri
mniSvneloba ar aRemateboda Sesabamis zdk-s.
manganumis dioqsidi – qalaqis specifikidan gamomdinare isazRvreboda
mxolod q. zestafonSi. aq misi saSualo wliuri koncentracia sakmaod
momatebuli iyo da man Seadgina 0,009 mg/m3 (9 zdk), rac Seexeba maqsimalur
koncentracias, is toli iyo 0,034 mg/m3 (3,4 zdk).
2005 wels haeris dabinZurebaze dakvirvebis SedegebiT Tu vimsjelebT,
saqarTvelos arc erT qalaqSi ar aRiniSneba haeris dabinZurebis donis Secvlis
mkveTrad gamoxatuli tendencia. gamonakliss warmoadgens q. zestafoni, sadac
bolo wlebSi aRiniSneba mtvrisa da manganumis dioqsidis Semcvelobis zrda.
2005 wels saqarTvelos im qalaqebis atmosferul haerSi, sadac warmoebda
dakvirveba haeris dabinZurebaze, maRali da eqstremalurad maRali dabinZureba ar
aRniSnula.
cxrili 1.6
2005 wels saqarTvelos qalaqebis atmosferuli haeris
dabinZurebis monacemebi (mg/m3)
damabinZurebeli
qalaqi
Tbilisi
rusTavi
quTaisi
baTumi
zestafoni
axalcixe
mtveri
gogirdis
dioqsidi
saS.
maq.
saS.
maq.
0.5
_
0.5
0.5
0.2
0.3
1.8
_
1.8
2.6
0.5
1.0
_
_
_
_
0.10 0.23
0.11 0.21
0.10 0.19
_
_
naxSirJangi
azotis
dioqsidi
maq.
nivTierebebi
xsnadi
gogirdazotis
sulfawyalbadi
oqsidi
tebi
saS.
maq.
saS.
maq.
saS.
maq.
manganumis
dioqsidi
saS.
maq.
saS.
saS.
2
2
2
_
_
_
13
6
6
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
0.07 0.11 0.05 0.08 0.02 0.09 _
_
_
_ 0.009 0.034
0.04 0,08 0.03 0.05 _
_ 0.02 0.04 0,005 0.008 _
_
0,05 0,08 _
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
_
qalaq Tbilisis meriis zedamxedvelobis saqalaqo samsaxuris mier q.
Tbilisis teritoriaze atmosferul haerSi damabinZurebeli nivTierebebis
koncentraciebis Seswavlis mizniT, 2005 wlis oqtombris TveSi Catarda
laboratoriul-intrumentuli gamokvlevebi mtvris, gogirdis anhidridis, azotis
orJangis, naxSirJangisa da Wvartlis koncentraciebis gansazRvris mizniT;
gamokvlevebi Catarda: yazbegisa da TamaraSvilis quCebis gadakveTaze, akaki
wereTlis gamz. _ “samTo qimiis” mimdebare teritoriaze, WavWavaZis gamz. da
kekeliZis quCebis gadakveTaze, marjaniSvilis moedanze. Catarebuli gamokvlevebis
SedegebiT Semdegi suraTia:
¾ al. yazbegisa da TamaraSvilis quCebis gadakveTaze mtveri 2-jer
aRemateba zRvrulad dasaSveb koncentracias (zdk), azotis orJangi 2jer aRemateba zdk-s, gogirdis dioqsidi da Wvartli zdk-s farglebSia,
naxSirJangi 1.2-jer aRemateba zdk-s.
12
maq.
¾ marjaniSvilis moedani _ mtveri 1.2-jer aRemateba zdk-s, gogirdis
dioqsidi da Wvartli zdk-s farglebSia; azotis orJangi 1.5-jer
aRemateba zdk-s, xolo naxSirJangi 1.15-jer aRemateba zdk-s.
¾ WavWavaZis gamzirisa da kekeliZis quCebis gadakveTa _ mtveri 1.8-jer
aRemateba zdk-s, gogirdis dioqsidi zdk-s farglebSia, azotis orJangi
1.6-jer aRemateba zdk-s, naxSirJangi 1.5-jer aRemateba zdk-s, Wvartli
2.8-jer aRemateba zdk-s.
¾ akaki wereTlis gamziri _ “samTo qimiis” mimdebare teritoria _ mtveri
1.2-jer aRemateba zdk-s, gogirdis dioqsidi zdk-s farglebSia, azotis
orJangi 2,2-jer aRemateba zdk-s, Wvartli 1.6-jer zdk-s, naxSirJangi
1.4-jer aRemateba zdk-s.
Tavi 2
wyali da wylis resursebi
saqarTvelos mdinareTa kvebis wyaros warmoadgens wvima, Tovlis nadnobi
wyali da miwisqveSa wylebi. kavkasionis qedidan Camomdinare mdinareTa nawili
(kodori, enguri, rioni, Tergi) damatebiT, myinvarebis nadnobi wyliTac ikvebeba.
saqarTvelos teritoriaze wlis ganmavlobaSi saSualod 56,9 km3 wyali
Camoedineba. tranzituli Camonadeni saSualod 9,4 km3-s Seadgens. amrigad,
mdinareTa jamuri Camonadeni saSualod 66,3 km3-s Seadgens weliwadSi.
zedapiruli wylis resursebis ganawileba saqarTvelos teritoriaze
araTanabaria: dasavleT saqarTvelos mdinareebis (Savi zRvis auzi) jamuri wliuri
Camonadeni 49,7 km3-s (anu 75%-s) Seadgens, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mdinareebis
(kaspiis zRvis auzi) ki – 16,1 km3-s (anu 25 %-s) Seadgens.
sul saqarTveloSi 26060 mdinarea, maT Soris 99,4% - mcire mdinarea
(sigrZe 25 km-ze naklebi). hidrologiurad Seswavlilia 555 mdinare Savi zRvis
auzSi da 528 mdinare kaspiis zRvis auzSi.
mdinareTa wylianoba yovelwliurad mniSvnelovan ryevadobas ganicdis da es
ryevadoba pirvel rigSi atmosferuli naleqebis reJimzea damokidebuli. 2005
weli saqarTveloSi Warbteniani iyo. bunebrivia, aman Tavisi gavlena iqonia
mdinareTa wylianobaze. cxr. 2.1–dan Cans, rom ZiriTad mdinareTa wliuri
Camonadeni dasavleT saqarTveloSi 11-14 da qveynis aRmosavleT nawilSi 19-24 %iT sWarbobda saSualo mravalwliur mniSvnelobas. md. engurze, sof. xaiSTan
arsebul hidrologiur saguSagoze dakvirvebebis warmoeba SeCerebulia. amitom
Sesabamisi informacia TandarTul cxrilSi mocemuli ar aris.
2005 wels saqarTveloSi mdinareTa maRali wylianoba ganpirobebuli iyo
gazafxulis wyaldidobis periodSi Zlieri wvimebisagan gamowveuli saSiSi
wyalmovardnebis xSiri formirebiT. maTi analizi mocemulia winamdebare erovnuli
moxsenebis im nawilSi, sadac ganxilulia qveynis teritoriaze 2005 wels
warmoqmnili stiqiuri hidrometeorologiuri movlenebis analizi.
2005 wels bunebrivi wylis obieqtebidan mTlianad aRebul iqna 48785.674
mln.m3. wyali, maT Soris miwisqveSa wylis obieqtebidan 548.888 mln.m3. wlis
ganmavlobaSi gamoyenebuli iyo 48374,14 mln.m3, maT Soris sasmel-sameurneo
saWiroebisaTvis. 358.031 mln.m3., sawarmoo saWiroebisaTvis _ 208.256 mln.m3.,
13
sarwyavad _ 86.742 mln.m3., sasoflo-sameurneo wyalmomaragebisaTvis _ 18.817
mln.m3., xolo eleqtroenergiis warmoebisaTvis _ 47702,294 mln.m3.
danakargebi wylis transportirebisas Sedgenda 411.534 mln.m3, brunviTi da
meoradi mimdevrobiTi wyalmomaragebisaTvis gamoyenebul iqna 292.72 mln.m3 wyali.
sul zedapiruli wylis obieqtebSi CaSvebulia 47732,165 mln.m3 Camdinare
wyali, maT Soris dabinZurebuli gawmendis gareSe - 517.481 mln.m3, normatiulad
sufTa – 47205,8 mln.m3, normatiulad gawmendili – 8,874 mln.m3.
Camdinare wylebTan erTad saqarTvelos zedapiruli wylis obieqtebSi
CaSvebul iqna 6,9 aTasi tona organuli nivTierebebi (maT Soris md. mtkvris
auzSi – 3,6 aTasi tona, Savi zRvis auzSi – 3,3 aTasi tona), 200 tona
navTobproduqtebi (maT Soris md. mtkvris auzSi – 2 tona, Savi zRvis auzSi –
180 tona), 18 aTasi tona Sewonili nawilakebi (maT Soris md. mtkvris auzSi – 8
aTasi tona, Savi zRvis auzSi – 10 aTasi tona), 96 tona amoniumis azoti (maT
Soris md. mtkvris auzSi – 74 tona, Savi zRvis auzSi – 22 tona.
2000-2005 wlebSi wylis resursebis gamoyenebis ZiriTadi maCveneblebisa da
zedapirul wyalsatevebSi dabinZurebuli Camdinare wylis CaSvebis Sesaxeb
monacemebi warmodgenilia diagramaze 2.1 da 2.2.
wylis resursebis gamoyenebis
ZiriTadi maCveneblebi
50000
45000
40000
35000
mln. 30000
kuburi 25000
metri 20000
15000
10000
5000
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
wylis aReba bunebrivi obieqtebidan
Camdinare wylis CaSveba zedapirul wyalsatevebSi
diagrama 2.1
wyalmoxmarebisa da wyalarinebis monacemebi administraciul-teritoriuli
erTeulebis mixedviT warmodgenilia danarTSi 1 (cxr. 1; 2).
14
dabinZurebuli Camdinare wylis
CaSveba zedapirul wyalsatevebSi
600
517
500
400
394
390
408
415
1
2
3
4
5
6
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
360
mln kuburi
300
metri
200
100
0
diagrama 2.2
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros informaciiT saqarTveloSi
wylis ganaxlebadi resursis maCvenebeli saSualod wliurad sulze 12,481 m3-s
udris. sasmeli wylis saxiT gamoiyeneba mTliani raodenobis mxolod 6%, xolo
sasoflo-sameurneo mizniT ki _ 59%.
2005 wels moirwya 75 aT. ha, sarwyavad wylis aReba ZiriTadad warmoebs
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mdinareebidan: iori (zemo samgoris da qvemo samgoris,
xaSm-patarZeulis, ioris sarwyavi sistemebi), alazani (zemo alaznis da, qvemo
alaznis, naurdalis da ziliCas sarwyavi sistemebi), didi liaxvi (kexvis,
tirifonis, salTvisi, Zlevijvaris, zeda rus sarwyavi sistemebi), patara liaxvi
(vanaTis sarwyavi sistema), qsani (Tezi-okamis sarwyavi sistema), aragvi (muxranis,
Telovanis arxis da saguramos sarwyavi sistemebi), mtkvari taSiskaris, skraqarelis, didi rus, gardabnis foniWala-TeleTis, does-grakalis sarwyavi
sistemebi), algeTi (tbisi-kumisi sarwyavi sistemebi) focxovi qvabliani (gurulaaralis sarwyavi sistema) da sxva.
dasavleT saqarTvelos mdinareebidan: yvirila (ajameTis sarwyavi sistema),
rioni (maSvelis sarwyavi sistema), xaniswyali (dimi-rikoTis da varcixis sarwyavi
sistemebi).
pirobiTad wyaluzrunvelyofilia 175,7 aT.ha sarwyavi farTobi, xolo
damSrobi sistemebis meSveobiT realurad daSrobilma farTobebma Seadgina 13,3
aT.ha. aRsaniSnavia, rom gawylovanebuli da daSrobili farTobebi ukanasknel
wlebSi klebadi tendenciiT xasiaTdeba.
15
cxrili 2.1
saqarTvelos mdinareebis 2005 wlis wliuri Camonadenis
#
mdinaris
dasaxeleba
mdinaris
SesarTavidan
uaxloesi
hidrologiuri
saguSagos
dasaxeleba
1
2
1
monacemebi mdinaris auzis Sesaxeb
mdinaris SesarTavTan
hidrologiur
hidrologiuri saguSagos
kveTSi
wyalSemkrebi
auzis
auzis
saSualo
farTobi,
simaRle,
km2
m
6
7
saguSagoze
SesarTavTan
2005 wlis
gaangariSebuli
dinamika wyalSemkrebi auzis mixedviT
saSualo
mravalwliuri
Camonadenis
moculoba,
km3
2005 wlis
wliuri
Camonadenis
moculoba,
km3
8
9
10
3
wyalSemkrebi
auzis
farTobi,
km2
4
auzis
saSualo
simaRle,
m
5
rioni
s. zemo Waladidi
13 400
1 084
13 300
950
14.8
16.9
17.0
2
sufsa
d. Coxatauri
1 130
970
316
1 250
0.435
0.482
1.72
3
Woroxi
s. mirveTi
22 100
_
20 900
_
6.40
7.10
9.59
4
mtkvari
q. Tbilisi
188 000
_
21 100
_
6.43
7.80
10.0 *
5
qcia
s. imiri
8 340
1 520
3 840
1 510
_
0.874
1.90
6
iori
s. orxevi
_
_
587
1 580
0.378
0.45
_
7
alazani
s. Saqriani
_
_
2 190
1 260
1.37
1.70
_
SeniSvna : * -iT aRniSnulia md. mtkvris Camonadeni saqarTvelo –Aazerbaijanis saxelmwifo sazRvarTan.
16
zedapiruli wylebis dabinZurebis donis gansazRvris mizniT, saqarTvelos
teritoriaze sul aRebul iqna 419 wylis sinji, aqedan 165 sinji aRmosavleT
saqarTvelos 13 mdinaris, 2 tbis da 1 wyalsacavis 17 punqtidan da 254 sinji
dasavleT saqarTvelos 23 mdinaris da 1 tbis 30 punqtidan. sul Catarebulia 11465
analizi.
2005 wels saqarTvelos zedapirul wylebSi eqstremalurad maRali
dabinZureba ar aRniSnula. maRali dabinZureba aRiniSna 10-jer, aqedan 5-jer –
amoniumis azotiT da 5-jer – nitritis azotiT.
Catarebulma analizebma aCvena, rom wylis yvela obieqtSi gaxsnili Jangbadis
raodenoba normis farglebSi iyo, gamonakliss warmoadgenda md. yvirila, sadac
ivnisSi q. zestafonis zemoT da q. zestafonis qvemoT ganlagebul kveTebSi gaxsnili
Jangbadis raodenoba daeca 4,53 mg/l da 3,51 mg/l-mde Sesabamisad.
amoniumis azotis saSualo koncentracia meryeobda 2-10 zdk-s farglebSi.
2005 wels dasavleT saqarTveloSi aRiniSna amoniumis azotiT maRali
dabinZurebis 5 SemTxveva: aqedan 3 SemTxveva – paliastomis tbaze da 2 SemTxveva –
md. yvirilas wyalSi. 29 ivniss md. yvirilas wyalSi q. zestafonis zemoT mdebare
da q. zestafonis qvemoT mdebare kveTebSi amoniumis azotma miaRwia 4,80 mg/l (12,3
zdk) da 4,98 mg/l (12,88 zdk)-s Sesabamisad. 12 agvistos paliastomis tbis II
kveTis I vertikalsa da III kveTis I vertikalSi amoniumis azotis Semcvelobam
Seadgina 4,04 mg/l (10,4 zdk) da 4,11 mg/l (10,5 zdk) Sesabamisad, xolo 17
noembers paliastomis tbis II kveTis II vertikalSi – 4,38 mg/l (11,2 zdk).
aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi amoniumis azotiT yvelaze ufro dabinZurebuli iyo
md.vere. aq amoniumis azotis maqsimalurma koncentraciam miaRwia 3,5 mg/l (9 zdk)-s.
nitritis
azotiT
dabinZureba
damaxasiaTebeli
iyo
saqarTvelos
mdinareebisaTvis. 2005 wels aRiniSna maRali dabinZurebis 5 SemTxveva, aqedan 3
SemTxveva – md. suramulaze: 21 ivnissa da 8 agvistos nitritis azotis
maqsimalurma mniSvnelobam miaRwia 0,222 mg/l (11,1 zdk)-s, xolo 27 noembers –
0,246 mg/l (13,3 zdk)-s. maRali iyo dabinZureba aseve md. vereSi, sadac 27 ivliss
misma koncentraciam Seadgina 0,201 mg/l (10 zdk).
nitritis azotiT maRali dabinZurebis erTi SemTxveva aRiniSna dasavleT
saqarTveloSi - md. barcxanaze, q. baTumis zeda kveTSi. aq 27 noembers nitritis
azotis maqsimalurma koncentraciam Seadgina 0,201 mg/l (10 zdk).
zedapirulad aqtiuri sinTetikuri nivTierebebi (zasn) isazRvreboda
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela mdinareSi, xolo dasavleT saqarTvelos sam
mdinareSi: qoroliswyali, barcxana, kubiswyali. misi saSualo da maqsimaluri
koncentraciebi ar aRematebodnen Sesabamis zdk-s.
saqarTveloSi rkinis, zdk-ze meti koncentraciebi aRiniSna mdinareebSi: rioni,
yvirila, oRaskura, cxeniswyali, gubiswyali, lexura, jojora, maSavera, mtkvari,
faravani, alazani da suramula. yvelaze maRali koncentracia aRiniSna md. rionSi
(namoxvanis kveTSi) da man Seadgina 1,4 mg/l (2,8 zdk).
spilenZi isazRvreboda aRmosavleT saqarTvelos yvela mdinareSi, xolo
dasavleT saqarTvelos sam mdinareSi: barcxana, kubiswyali da qoroliswyali.
Catarebulma analizebma aCvena, rom spilenZis Semcveloba yvela mdinareSi normis
farglebSi iyo. gamonakliss warmoadgenda md. maSavera, sadac erTxel aRiniSna
spilenZis momatebuli Semcveloba, man Seadgina 4 mg/l (4 zdk). sxva damabinZurebeli
ingredientebis koncentraciebi ar aRematebodnen Sesabamis zdk-s.
daskvnis saxiT SeiZleba aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos mdinareebi ZiriTadad
dabinZurebuli arian amoniumis da nitritis azotiT.
q. Tbilisis meriis Sesabamisi samsaxuris mier periodulad warmoebda
laboratoriul-instrumentaluri gamokvlevebi Ria wyalsatevebidan: Tbilisis zRva,
kus, lisis, gldanis #1, #2 tbebi, mdinareebi aragvi, mtkvari, vere da gldanula.
¾ lisis tba _ (II kategoria) aRebuli 13 nimuSidan gakeTda 153 analizi da
darRveva ar aRmoCnda. kus tba (II kategoria) _ aRebuli 6 nimuSidan da
Catarebuli 76 analizidan darRveva ar aRmoCnda.
¾ Tbilisis zRva _ (I kategoria) aRebuli 17 nimuSidan da Catarebuli 204
analizidan darRveva arc erT nimuSSi ar aRmoCnda.
¾ gldanis tba #2 _ (II kategoria) aRebuli erTi nimuSidan da Catarebuli
12 analizidan aRmoCnda darRveva.
¾ md. aragvi _ (I kategoria) aRebul or nimuSSi da Catarebul 24 analizSi
darRveva ar aRmoCnda.
¾ md. mtkvari _ (II kategoria) aRebuli 5 nimuSidan da Catarebuli 60
analizidan darRveva ar aRmoCnda.
¾ md. vere _ (II kategoria) aRebuli 9 nimuSidan da Catarebuli 108
analizidan aRmoCnda darRveva.
¾ md. gldanula _ (II kategoria) aRebuli erTi nimuSidan da Catarebuli 12
analizidan darRveva ar aRmoCnda.
saqarTvelos
teritoriaze
daZiebuli
miwisqveSa
mtknari
wylebis
3
damtkicebuli saeqspluatacio maragebis raodenoba 135 m /wm aRwevs.
2005 wels saministros geologiis samsaxuris mier miwisqveSa hidrosferos
monitoringi ganxorcielda mxolod qveynis teritoriis urbanizebul regionebSi,
sadac miwisqveSa wylebis dabinZurebisa da daSretis yvelaze maRali riskia _
wyaltubos, kolxeTis da qarTlis arteziul auzebSi. kvlevebi atarebda erTjerad
xasiaTs.
kolxeTisa da wyaltubos arteziuli auzebis farglebSi dekaduri gazomvebi
Catarda sadamkvirveblo sayrdeni qselis mxolod Waladidisa da geguTis ubnebis
ramdenime hidropunqtze (WaburRilze). am xanmokle reJimuli dakvirvebebis zogadi
analiziT irkveva, rom miwisqveSa wylebis doneebi, wina wlebis Sesabamisi periodebis
saSualo sidideebTan SedarebiT, maRalia 0,4-0,6m-iT, rac ganpirobebulia
reJimwarmomqmneli faqtorebiT, ZiriTadad atmosferuli naleqebisa da mdinareebis
xarjebis cvalebadobiT, xolo WaburRilebis wylebze Catarebuli qimiuri
analizebis Sedegebis mixedviT, sasmel mtknar wylebSi arsebiTi qimiuri cvlilebebi
ar SeiniSneba da dasinjuli wylebi ZiriTadad akmayofilebs saqstandartis moqmed
moTxovnebs, regionSi adgili hqonda gruntis wylebis amoniumiT gaWuWyianebis
faqts, rasac adasturebs Waladidis ubanze dasinjuli 5 WaburRilis monacemebi. am
WaburRilebis ubnebze amoniumis Semcveloba 5-10-jer da metad aWarbebs zRvrulad
dasaSveb normas. aseTi wylebis sasmelad gamoyeneba iwvevs nivTierebaTa cvlis
moSlas, gul-sisxlZarRvTa da onkologiur daavadebebs. savaraudod, amoniumis
Semcvelobis gazrda dakavSirebuli unda iyos daWaobebis procesTan. es sakiTxi
Seswavlas moiTxovs uwyveti monitoringuli dakvirvebebis ganxorcielebisa da
miRebuli masalebis detaluri analizis safuZvelze.
qarTlis arteziuli auzis farglebSi erTjeradi monitoringuli kvlevebi
Catarda goris, mTianeTisa da mcxeTis raionebSi arsebul sadamkvirveblo punqtebze.
aRniSnul punqtebze aRebuli TiTo sinjis qimiurma analizebma daadastures
dasinjuli wylebis vargisianoba saqstandartis moTxovnebis TvalsazrisiT sasmel
wylebze. erTdroulad Seswavlili iqna md. qsnis reprezentatuli auzis
sadamkvirveblo wylis punqtebis teqnikuri mdgomareoba oTx sadamkvirveblo kveTze
18
da dadginda, rom maTgan mxolod erTia gadarCenili (sof. oZiris #21 WaburRili),
danarCenebi ki amovsebulia md. qsnis aluviuri nataniT.
ver ganxorcielda miwisqveSa wylebis hidrogeologiuri, hidroqimiuri da
baqteriologiuri reJimis dinamikaSi Seswavla, sasmeli wylebis SedgenilobaSi
arsebuli gadaxrebis gamomJRavneba-dadgena da, rac mTavaria, wylis xarisxis
mosalodneli gauaresebisa da daSretis prognozireba.
Savi zRvis wylis xarisxi misi fizikur-qimiuri maCveneblebis mixedviT
zRvis garemoSi gamudmebiT mimdinare mravalricxovni fizikuri, qimiuri,
biologiuri, geologiuri procesebi iwveven wylis qimiuri Semadgenlobis
cvlilebebs.
saministros monitoringisa da prognozirebis centris mier wylis xarisxis
gansazRvrisaTvis Seswavlil iqna Semdegi fizikuri da qimiuri maCveneblebi:
eleqtrogamtaroba, temperatura, wneva, bgeris gavrcelebis siCqare, simkvrive,
marilianoba, wyalbad-ionebis koncentracia, wyalSi gaxsnili Jangbadi, JangbadiT
gajerebis procenti, Jangvadoba, nitritebisa da nitratebis raodenoba (ix. danarTi
1, cxr. 3; 4; 5; 6; 7).
wylis eleqtrogamtarobas gansazRvravs masSi ionebis kaTionebisa da anionebis
arseboba. Sav zRvaSi eleqtrogamtaroba icvleba rogorc sezonurad, ise
sivrcobrivad.
yvela
biotopSi
siRrmis
matebasTan
erTad
SeiniSneboda
eleqtrogamtarobis mateba.
baTumis portSi eleqtrogamtaroba meryeobda siRrmis Sesabamisad- 17.76519.205-21.198 ms/sm; adliaSi 10.653-24.630-24.743 ms/sm; cixisZirSi 18.860-20.00920987 ms/sm; sufsaSi 19.6-20.24-21.200 ms/sm; foTSi 13.54-26.37-26.80 ms/sm
farglebSi.
gazomvebiT, zRvis wylis simkvrive mcired icvleboda. wylis simkvrive
meryeobda sxvadasxva siRrmis Sesabamisad (0, 10, 30 m) baTumis portSi 1012.771021.11-1013.82 kg/m3; adliaSi 1003.80-1012.00-1012.48 kg/m3 ; cixisZirSi 1011.151013.12-1013.84 kg/m3; sufsaSi 1013.0-1013.8-1014.9 kg/m3;. foTis portSi 1004.051011.28-1011.82 kg/m3 .farglebSi.
Savi zRvis struqturis erT-erT ZiriTad maCvenebels warmoadgens
marilianoba. gazomvebiT, yvela biotopSi marilianoba dafiqsirda normis farglebSi
da meryeobda 15.1 -dan 17. 9 %0 -mde.
wyalbad-ionebis koncentracia xuTive biotopSi SeimCneoda normis farglebSi
da meryeobda 8.15-8.33 -mde.
arc erT gamokvleul biotopSi ar aRmoCnda naxSirorJangi.
wyalSi gaxsnili Jangbadis odenoba rogorc zedapirul, ise Rrma fenebSi iyo
zamTris normasTan miaxloebuli (9.01-11.47 mg/l). mxolod baTumis navsadguris
zogierT raionSi (10, 30 m) misi mcire odenoba dafiqsirda (8.86 mg/l-mde).
zRvis wylis JangbadiT gajereba Cveni regionisaTvis zamTris periodSi
saSualod 95 % Seadgens. SeiniSneboda misi odenobis kleba baTumis portSi 84.1 %mde.
zRvis wylis erT-erT qimiur sanitarul maCvenebels warmoadgens Jangvadoba.
es ukanaskneli wyalSi mdgrad bunebriv organul nivTierebaTa Semcvelobis
maxasiaTebelia.
eqspediciiT aRebul sinjebSi Jangvadoba ZiriTadad im normis farglebSi
meryeobda, rac damaxasiaTebelia Savi zRvisaTvis da sxvadasxva sadgurebSi
icvleboda 2.5--dan 3.0 mg02/l. aRniSnuli sididis mcire raodenobiT mateba aRiniSna
foTis akvatoriaSi 4.3 mg02/l.
19
nitritebis raodenoba Savi zRvis wyalSi didi ar aris da Seadgens erTeul
mkg/l, iSviaTad aRemateba 12-20 mkg/l.
nitratebis raodenoba icvleba sezonurad. misi raodenobis mixedviT SeiZleba
msjeloba fotosinTezis intensivobaze. Savi zRvaSi nitratebis saSualo raodenoba
Seadgens 70mkg/l. mdinareebis SesarTavebTan SeiniSneba nitratuli azotis
maCveneblis mkveTri zrda.
sinjebSi nitritebisa da nitratebis ionebis koncentracia Seadgenda,
Sesabamisad, erTeul da aTeul mkg/N l, rac damaxasiaTebelia Savi zRvisaTvis.
amdenad, baTumis portis, adliis, cixisZiris, sufsisa da foTis portis
aqvatoriaSi 2005 wlis oqtomber-dekemberis monacemebiT wylis hidrologiuri da
hidroqimiuri maCveneblebi normis farglebSi meryeobda.
Savi zRvis hidrobiologiuri daxasiaTeba
fitoplanqtoni. Savi zRvis sanapiro wylebis Semodgoma-zamTris monitoringis
Sedegebis (ix. danarTi 1, cxr. 8; 9) analizi gviCvenebs, rom baTumisa da foTis
aqvatorialur
wylebSi
evglenasnairi
(Euglena
viridis)
da
lurj-mwvane
wyalmcenareebis (Trachaelomonas volvocina), rogorc indikatoruli saxeobis arseboba
miuTiTebs wylis organuli nivTierebebiT dabinZurebis maRal xarisxze.
zooplanqtoni. zooplanqtonis-trofuli jaWvis mniSvnelovani rgolis
Semadgenloba 2005 wlis Semodgoma-zamTris sezonaze ganisazRvra 5 jgufiTa da 8
saxeobrivi erTeuliT (ix. danarTi 1, cxr. 10; 11). sakvebi zooplanqtonis ZiriTad
raodenobasa da biomasas Copepoda-s jgufis warmomadgenlebi qmnian, riTac pelaguri
Tevzebi uzrunvelyofili arian sakvebi baziT.
makrozoobenTosi. makrozoobenTosis raodenobam da biomasam sul Seadgina
1519 egz/m2 da 381.7 g/m2 (ix. danarTi 1, cxr. 12; 13).
saqarTvelos SelfSi Semodgoma-zamTris periodSi aRiniSneba pelagiur TevzTa
simcire, rac Tavis mxriv zegavlenas axdens pelagialSi gavrcelebuli mudmivi
Sevsebis benTosur populaciaTa larvebis zrda-ganviTarebaze da maTi ricxovnebis
SenarCunebaze. foTis SelfSi ki benTosis ricxovnebis simcire SesaZloa gamowveuli
iyos am regionis nawilobrivi gamtknarebiT.
makrozoobenTosi Tvisobrivi da xarisxobrivi maxasiaTeblebiT normis
farglebSia.
saqarTvelos Savi zRvis sanapiros iurisdiqcirebad aqvatoriaSi 2005 wlis
oqtomber-dekemberSi wylis hidrologiuri da hidroqimiuri maCveneblebi normis
farglebSi meryeobda, rac trofuli jaWvis pirveli rgolis (baqterio da
fitoplanqtonis) ganviTarebis sawindaria.
Tevzis sakvebi bazis-fito da zooplanqtonuri, makrozoobenTosuri sinjebis
Seswavlam maTi raodenobrivi da woniTi maCveneblebis mixedviT, monacemTa Sedarebam
istoriul wyaroebTan gviCvena, rom dReisaTvis Savi zRvis sanapiroze gavrcelebuli
pelagiuri, fskeruli da fskerispira Tevzebi uzrunvelyofilia sakvebi baziT.
q. foTis sanitaruli zedamxedvelobis inspeqcia axorcielebda kontrols
adgilobriv
wyalsatevebze,
Savi
zRvis
da
mdinareebis
dabinZurebaze.
laboratoriuli kvlevis meTodis gamoyenebiT, zRva gamokvleulia sanitarulhigienur maCveneblebze 12-jer, maT Soris ar pasuxobda sanitarul-higienur normebs
7 SemTxvevaSi. mavne qimiur Semadgenlobaze kvleva Catarda sul 12-jer. maT Soris
z.d.k.-ze gadaWarbeba dafiqsirda 8-jer. mikrobiologiur maCveneblebze 24-jer. maT
Soris sanitarul-higienur wesebsa da normebis moTxovnebs ar pasuxobda laqtoza
dadebiTi nawlavis Cxirze – 1.9.
20
wylis resursebis sferoSi saqarTvelo aris Semdegi saerTaSoriso
konvenciebis mxare: Marpol 73/78 _ gemebidan dabinZurebis Tavidan acilebis Sesaxeb
konvencia; buqarestis konvencia, 1992w. _ Savi zRvis dabinZurebisagan dacvis
Sesaxeb. mimdinareobs transsasazRvro wyalsadinarebisa da saerTaSoriso tbebis
dacvisa da gamoyenebis Sesaxeb konvenciasTan mierTebis mosamzadebeli samuSaoebi
(helsinkis konvencia, 1992w.).
saqarTvelo garemosdacviT sferoSi mWidrod TanamSromlobs somxeTTan,
azerbaijanTan. kerZod, azerbaijanis respublikasTan saerTaSoriso proeqtebis
farglebSi, xorcieldeba USAID-is "samxreT kavkasiis wylis resursebis programa"
da UNDP-GEF-is mier dafinansebuli proeqti "md. mtkvar-araqsis auzSi degradaciis
Semcireba".
Tavi 3
miwa da miwis resursebi
saqarTvelo mciremiwiani qveyanaa, romlis farTobi 69,7 aTasi km2-ia.
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros informaciiT 2005 wlis mdgomareobiT,
miwis saerTo resursis ganawileba wamodgenilia 3.1 diagramaze.
2005 wlis mdgomareobiT miwis saerTo
resursi (aTasi ha)
835
3,023
2473
sasoflo-sameurneo
miwebi
arasasoflosameurneo miwebi
tyis fondis miwebi
wylis fondis miwebi
900
diagrama 3.1
miwis saerTo resursidan:
sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis farTobi Seadgens _ 3 023 000 ha, maT Soris:
• sakarmidamo miwebi _ 20 000 ha;
• saxnavi _ 800 000 ha;
• saTibebi _ 143 000 ha;
• mravalwliani nargavebi _ 265 000 ha;
• saZovrebi _ 1 795 000 ha
arasasoflo-sameurneo miwebi 900 000 ha:
• sacxovrebeli farTis qveS arsebuli miwebi _ 90 000 ha;
• sawarmoo/urbanuli miwebi _ 635 000 ha;
• sax. dawesebulebebis da komunikaciebis qveS arsebuli miwebi _ 175 000 ha
tyis fondis miwebi _ 2 473 000 ha
21
• sax. tyis fondis daculi teritoriebi
• saxelmwifo sameurneo tyis fondi
• adgilobrivi tyis fondi
wylis fondis miwebi _ 835 000 ha, maT Soris:
• sasazRvro zonaSi (maqs. 5km) arsebuli miwebi _ 750 000 ha (maT Soris
saprivatizebo sasoflo-sameurneo miwebi 50-60 aT. ha)
• sasazRvro zolSi (maqs. 500m) arsebuli _ 75 000 ha.
diagramaze 3.2 mocemulia sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis struqtura 2005 wlis
mdgomareobiT, xolo cxrilSi 3.1 savargulebis farTobebis cvlilebis dinamika
1999-2005 wlebSi. diagramaze 3.3 warmodgenilia arasasoflo-sameurneo miwebis
struqtura 2005 wlis mdgomareobiT.
sasoflo-sameu rneo savargu lebis struqtu ra
2005 wlis mdgomareobiT (aT. ha)
800
20
saxnavi
mravalwliani nargavebi
saTibi
1795
265
saZovari
sacxovrebeli da sameurneo
SenobebiT dakavebuli
143
diagrama 3.2
cxrili 3.1
saqarTveloSi sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebis
farTobebis dinamika 1999-2005 wlebSi
(aTasi heqtari)
weli
1999
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
sasoflosameurneo
miwebi
(sakarmidamos
CaTvliT) sul
aT.ha.
3018,5
3019,7
3022,7
3023,5
3025,8
3023,0
%
39,7
39,6
39,6
39,6
39,7
39,7
maT Soris
aqedan
damuSavebuli
miwebi
(sakarmidamos
CaTvliT)
aT.ha.
1060,5
1062,2
1063,2
1063,6
1065,6
1065,0
%
35,1
35,2
35,2
35,2
35,2
35,2
saxnavi
aT.ha
790,4
792,9
795,3
798,7
802,1
800,0
%
26,2
26,3
26,3
26,4
26,5
26,5
mravalwliani
nargavebi
saTib-saZovrebi
aT.ha
270,1
269,3
267,9
264,9
263,5
265,0
aT.ha
1938,6
1938,1
1939,7
1940,1
1940,1
1938,0
%
8,9
8,9
8,9
8,8
8,7
8,7
%
64,2
64,2
64,2
64,2
64,1
64,1
qveyanaSi ijariT gacemulia saxelmwifo sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis 30%
(monacemebi ar moicavs afxazeTsa da samaCabloSi arsebul miwebs). saxelmwifo da
22
kerZo sakuTrebaSi arsebuli sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis struqtura mocemulia 3.4
diagramaze.
danarCeni miwebis ijariT gaucemlobis ZiriTadi mizezebia: rTuli reliefuri
pirobebi, mwiri niadagobrivi Semadgenloba, dasaxlebuli punqtebidan daSoreba,
sarwyavi da damSrobi sistemebis gaumarTaoba, rac iwvevs sasoflo-sameurneo
savargulebis gaudabnoebas an meorad daWaobebas. qveyanaSi sakmaod didi farTobebi
ukavia dabalnayofier niadagebs, romelTa gaumjobesebis gareSe mosalodnelia maTi
garkveuli nawilis sasoflo-sameurneo brunvidan amovardna, xolo danarCen nawilze
sasoflo-sameurneo kulturaTa Zalze dabali mosavali miiReba.
2005 wlis mdgomareobiT arasasoflosameurneo miwebis struqtura (aTasi ha)
175.0
19%
90.0
10%
635.0
71%
saxelmwifo struqturebis qveS arsebuli miwebi
sacxovrebeli farTis qveS arsebuli miwebi
sawarmoo miwebi
diagrama 3.3
sasoflo-sameurneo miwebi (aTasi ha)
1600
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
sakarmidamo
saxnavi
mravalwlia
ni nargavebi
saTibebi
saZovari
kerZo
20
436
181.4
41.9
83.6
saxelmwifo
0
324
49
91.3
1540.3
diagrama 3.4
23
saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministros monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi
privatizebulia sasoflo-sameurneo miwis 3628 nakveTi saerTo farTiT 29660,5224
heqtari.
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros informaciiT 1992-1998 wlebSi
ganxorcielebuli sasoflo-sameurneo miwis reformis Sedegad, daaxloebiT milion
komls usasyidlod gadaeca 4 milionamde sasoflo-sameurneo miwis nakveTi. Tumca
miuxedavad amisa, saqarTvelos yvelaze nayofieri miwebis mniSvnelovani nawili
saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi darCa, rac intensiuri sasoflo-sameurneo saqmianobisaTvis
xelsayreli miwebis 45%-s Seadgens.
2004 wlis seqtembridan 2005 wlis CaTvliT, saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa
da bunebrivi resursebis saministros miwis marTvis samsaxuris mier miznobrivi
daniSnuleba Seecvala da arasasoflo-sameurneo kategoriaSi iqna gadayvanili 28,15
heqtari sasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis miwa.
sasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis miwis farTobis gafuWebis an dazianebis
tendenciis SemcirebisaTvis saWiroa sasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebis miwis
arasasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebiT droebiT sargeblobis vadis damTavrebis Semdeg
aRniSnuli miwis rekultivaciis pirobebis Sesrulebis mkacri kontroli,
arasasoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebiT gamoyenebis dros niadagis nayofieri fenis
moxsnis, Senaxvisa da gamoyenebis moqmedi-sakanonmdeblo-normatiuli bazis Seqmna da
maTi moTxovnebis aucilebel Sesrulebaze zedamxedvelobis gamkacreba.
garemosdacviTi mimarTulebebiT miwisa da miwis resursebis marTvis erTerTYmniSvnelovan RonisZiebad gasaTvaliswinebelia miwis resursebis mdgomareobis
Sesaxeb sainformacio bankis funqcionireba, risTvisac aucilebelia miwis resursebis
mdgomareobis Seswavlis, aRricxvis da analizis meTodologiis SemuSaveba da misi
praqtikuli ganxorcieleba Sesabamis uflebamosil uwyebebTan erTad.
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis akademiis informaciiT sasoflo-sameurneo
savargulebidan sarwyavia 150,0-160,0 aTas heqtramde.
saqarTvelos niadagebi xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi ganicdian intensiur
sameurneo zemoqmedebas, ris gamoc mkveTrad Seicvala maTi xarisxobrivi mdgomareoba.
maTma didma nawilma ganicada degradacia, romlis ZiriTadi mizezebia sakvebi
elementebis Semcireba, nayofierebis gauareseba, struqturis rRveva, humusis da
gacvliTi fuZeebis Semcvelobis daqveiTeba.
2005 wlis mdgomareobiT sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis 38% xasiaTdeba maRali,
21% saSualo, xolo 41% dabali bunebrivi nayofierebiT. sameurneo aTvisebis Semdeg
niadagis humusis procentuli Semcveloba Semcirda 21-27%, humusis maragi 19-22%,
xolo ZiriTadi sakvebi elementebis (N, P, K) Semcveloba ki Sesabamisad 32, 16 da
24%-iT. humusis yovelwliuri danakargebi meryeobs 0,5-dan 2,0 tonamde heqtarze.
niadagebis bunebrivi nayofierebis SenarCunebis, humusis danakargebis Sevsebisa da
mosavlis progresuli zrdis uzrunvelsayofad saWiroa agrowesebis drouli da
maRal doneze gatareba. Zalze efeqturia parkosani kulturebisa da mravalwliani
balaxebis Tesva, rac xels uwyobs azotis akumulirebas niadagis zeda fenaSi da
humusis deficitis Sevsebas. kvlevebiT dadgenilia, rom mravalwliani balaxebi
(ionja, esparceti) xels uwyobs ara marto niadagis struqturis gaumjobesebas,
gruntis wylebis dawevas 1 metramde erTi wlis ganmavlobaSi, aramed aqtiuri
kalciumis didi raodenobiT dabrunebis gamo xels uwyobs maRalxarisxovani,
humaturi bunebis humusis warmoqmnas. sakvebi balaxebis narCenebiT dabrunebuli
sakvebi elementebi 100 %-iT uzrunvelyofs Semdgomi kulturebis moTxovnilebebs
azotze da kalciumze da 40 %-iT fosforze.
24
damlaSebuli da bicobiani niadagebi farTodaa gavrcelebuli aRmosavleT
saqarTvelos md. mtkvris, alaznis da ivris baris mSrali velebis zonaSi. maTi
farTobi 205 000 heqtars Seadgens. tenis balansi am rionebSi uaryofiTia, rac
iwvevs tenis aRmavali denis ganviTarebas, adviladxsnadi marilebis maRla amowevas
da sxvadasxva doneze daleqvas. gardabnis, marneulis, TeTriwyaros, bolnisis,
sagarejos da dedofliswyaros raionebSi 157 000 heqtarze gavrcelebulia velis
bicobiani niadagebi. am niadagebis gaumjobesebisaTvis aucilebelia qimiuri da
agrobiologiuri melioraciis gatareba. mdelos pirobebSi ganviTarebuli aseTive
niadagebis didi farTobebia siRnaRis raionSi – 54 000 ha, SedarebiT naklebia
gurjaanis da lagodexis raionebSi – 8 000 ha, romelTa melioracia kompleqsur
RonisZiebebs moiTxovs, kerZod kapitalur Carecxvas sadrenaJo sistemebis fonze.
dasavleT saqarTveloSi 300.0 aTasamde heqtari mJave niadagia, saidanac 37.0
aTasi heqtari Zlier mJavea, romelTaAPH_3,5-4,5 farglebSia. daWaobebul niadagebs
dasavleT saqarTvelos regionSi da gansakuTrebiT kolxeTis dablobebze 200.0
aTasamde heqtari ukavia.
saqarTveloSi ukanaskneli sami aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi mTiswinebze
aTvisebuli saxnav-saTesi farTobebis araswori gamoyenebis Sedegad savargulebis
mniSvnelovani nawili gadavida sustad, saSualod da Zlier Camorecxili da
uvargisi miwebis kategoriaSi. amJamad wylismieri eroziis saziano moqmedebas
sxvadasxva xarisxiT ganicdis mTagoriani teritoriebis 50-60%. aqedan saxnavi
farTobi Seadgens 310 500 ha-s, anu 47%-s. rac Seexeba qarismier erozias, romelic
ganviTarebulia aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi (gare kaxeTi, Sida da qvemo qarTli), mis
zemoqmedebas ganicdis miwebis 100 000 ha.
niadagebis eroziisagan dacvis da erozirebuli niadagebis nayofierebis
gaumjobesebis kompleqsuri RonisZiebebis sistemebis danergvis da sworad gatarebis
mizniT
niadagmcodneobis,
agroqimiis
da
melioraciis
samecniero-kvleviTi
institutis mier SemuSavebulia organizaciul-sameurneo, agroteqnikuri, satyeomelioraciuli da hidroteqnikuri RonisZiebebi. am RonisZiebebis praqtikaSi
danergviT SesaZlebelia eroziuli procesebis saziano moqmedebis Tavidan acileba da
sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebis mosavlianobis gadideba.
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros informaciiT, ukanasknel wlebSi
qveynis TiTqmis yvela regionSi niadagebis degradaciisa da nayofierebis dacemis
procesi intensiurad mimdinareobs. sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebis didi nawili
Raribia mcenarisaTvis sasicocxlod aucilebeli sakvebi elementebiT. yvela tipis
niadagSi humusis mineralizaciis procesi ufro intensiurad mimdinareobs, vidre
misi warmoqmnis, ris gamoc humusis balansi uaryofiTia.
niadagebis dabinZureba da nayofierebis dacema, eroziuli procesebis
gaZliereba bevrad ganapiroba niadagze anTropogenurma zemoqmedebam.
niadaguri safaris TvalsazrisiT saqarTvelo unikaluri qveyanaa, sadac 49
niadaguri tipia gavrcelebuli da klimaturi pirobebis gaTvaliswinebiT igi soflis
meurneobis
mravaldargianobas
ganapirobebs.
niadagSi
mimdinare
procesebis
monitoringisa da xarisxobrivi maCveneblebis Seswavlis mizniT soflis meurneobis
saministros laboratoriebis mier 2005 wels qveynis masStabiT gamokvleuli iqna
33112 heqtari savarguli, 34 raionSi. ganisazRvra niadagebSi sakvebi elementebis
Semcveloba da 1029 fermers gadaeca konkretuli rekomendaciebi niadagebis
nayofierebis asamaRleblad da agroqimikatebis efeqturi da racionaluri gamoyenebis
mizniT.
sayuradReboa is garemoeba, rom gamokvleuli farTobidan 40% ganekuTvneba
Zlier Rarib kategorias, yvela farTobze SeiniSneba humusis Semcirebis tendencia.
25
gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos, rom niadagSi mimdinare uaryofiTi procesebi
yovelwliurad intensiur xasiaTs iRebs da uaresdeba niadagis xarisxobrivi
maCveneblebi.
magaliTad: sagarejos raionis sofel manavSi 1990 welTan SedarebiT 2005
wels niadagSi fosforis Semcveloba 50%-iT, xolo kaliumis 70%-iT Semcirda.
dmanisis raionis sofel gomareTSi humusis Semcveloba 0,5%-iT Semcirda,
walkis raionis sofel buStaSenSi -0,7%-iT. es maSin, rodesac am odenobiT humusis
momatebas bunebriv pirobebSi erTi saukunec ar yofnis.
Seswavlil iqna mZime liTonebi (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cr, Fe, Mn) niadagis 420 nimuSSi,
igi yvelgan normis farglebSi iyo.
Tavi 4
wiaRi da wiaRiseuli
cxrilSi 4.1 warmodgenilia saqarTveloSi nedli navTobis, bunebrivi airis,
manganumis madnisa da naxSiris mopoveba 1990-2005 wlebSi.
cxrili 4.1
saqarTvelos nedli navTobis, bunebrivi airis,
manganumis madnisa da naxSiris mopoveba
weli
nedli navTobi
aTasi tona
bunebrivi airi,
mln. kuburi metri
1980
1985
1990
1995
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
3186
552
186
43
110
99
74
140
98
67
280
70
60
3
80
40
17
18
11
15
manganumis madani
(sasaqonlo),
aTasi tona
2779
2743
1252
42
63
98
103
174
219
252
naxSiri,
aTasi tona
1860
1674
956
43
7
5
6
8
8
5
wyaro: saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministro; statistikis departamenti
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi
dafiqsirebulia 750 dasaxelebis miwisqveSa sasmeli mineraluri wyali. saqarTvelos
miwisqveSa hidroresursebidan warmoSobili mineraluri wylebis prioritetulobas
gansazRvravs resursebis bunebrioba, siuxve, stabiluroba, arasezonuroba da maRali
xarisxi. saqarTveloSi 700-mde miwisqveSa mineraluri gruntis wyalia aRwerili,
maT Soris gansakuTrebuli mineralizaciis da Tvisebebis mqone wylebi.
saministros aRmosavleT centraluri regionaluri sammarTvelos samoqmedo
teritoriaze mniSvnelovani raodenobiT gvxvdeba Semdegi wiaRiseuli resursebi:
Zegvis qviSa-xreSis sabadoebi, sasxoris kirqvis sabado, kvarcmindvrisSpatiani
qviSebis sabado (daba zahesi), Zegvis ceoliTSemcveli tufis sabado, Zegvis kirqvis
26
sabado, wiwamuris qviSa-xreSis sabado, cixisZiris (aragvispiris) qviSa-xreSis
sabado, nadibaanT veZas mineraluri wylis sabado da Tanmdevi naxSirorJangis (CO2)
mopoveba (duSeTis r-ni), `juTis~ diabazis lodnaris sabado (yazbegis r-ni),
kavTisxevis inertuli masalebis sabado (md. mtkvris kalapoti), metexis inertuli
masalebis sabado (md. mtkvris kalapoti), md. liaxvis inertuli masalebis sabado
(goris r-ni), qsnis inertuli masalebis sabado (kaspis r-ni), abanos dolomitebisa
da dolomitizirebuli kirqvebis sabado (daba agara), metexis saagure Tixebis
sabado (kaspis r-ni), eredvis wiTeli widis karieri (goris r-ni), ceoliTebis
sabado (kaspis r-ni), sacemente Tixebis sabado (kaspis raioni), àxalsofeli-3~-is
geoTermuli wylis Seswavla-mopoveba (daba agara), muxranis velis dabali
mineralizaciis wylis sabado, naxSirorJanga gazisa da mineraluri wylis Seswavlamopoveba (yazbegis raioni), mineraluri wylebis sabadoebi: gorijvari, xovle, biisi
da java.
2006 wlis 1 ianvrisaTvis moqmedi licenziebis nusxaSi iyo saministrosa da
yofili regionaluri sammarTveloebis (mcxeTa-mTianeTisa da Sida qarTlis
regionaluri sammarTveloebi) mier gacemuli wiaRiT sargeblobis licenziebi Semdeg
obieqtebze:
• kaspis raionSi 13 moqmedi licenziaa. aqedan: 5 licenzia qviSa-xreSiT
sargeblobaze, 1 licenzia miwisqveSa wylebiT sargeblobaze, 1 licenzia
WaburRilis dabali mineralizaciis wyliT sargeblobaze, 1 licenzia ceoliTebiT
sargeblobaze, 1 licenzia `kataulas~ kirqvis mopovebaze, 1 licenzia saagure
TixiT sargeblobaze, 2 licenzia sacemente TixiT sargeblobasa da 1 licenzia
`kavTisxevis~ kirqviT sargeblobaze.
• qarelis raionSi 3 moqmedi licenziaa. aqedan: 1 licenzia miwisqveSa
wylebis mopovebaze, 1 licenzia WaburRilis geoTermuli wylis Seswavlamopovebaze, 1 licenzia RaRvi-gujareTis madniani kbanZis keTilSobili da iSviaTi
liTonebis Seswavla-mopovebaze.
• goris raionSi 7 moqmedi licenziaa. aqedan: 5 licenzia qviSa-xreSiT
sargeblobaze, 1 licenzia miwisqveSa wylebiT sargeblobaze, 1 licenzia
vulkanuri widiT sargeblobaze.
• mcxeTis raionSi 22 moqmedi wiaRiT sargeblobis licenziaa. aqedan: 11
licenzia qviSa-xreSis mopovebaze, 1 licenzia miwisqveSa wylebis mopovebaze, 6
licenzia WabulRilis dabali mineralizaciis wylis mopovebaze, 1 licenzia
ceoliTSemcveli tufolavis mopovebaze, 1 licenzia kvarcmindvris Spatiani
qviSebis Seswavla-mopovebaze, 1 licenzia `sasxoris~ kirqvis mopovebaze, 1
licenzia Zegvis kirqvis mopovebaze.
• duSeTis raionSi 4 moqmedi licenzia qviSa-xreSis mopovebaze.
• yazbegis raionSi 5 moqmedi licenzia. aqedan: 1 licenzia qviSa-xreSis
mopovebaze, 1 licenzia `juTis~ diabazis lodnaris Seswavla-mopovebaze, 1
licenzia naxSirorJanga gazisda da mineraluri wylis Seswavla-mopovebaze, 1
licenzia bregCirebuli diabazis mopovebaze da 1 licenzia min. wylebis
sabadoebidan Tanmdevi naxSirorJangis Seswavla-mopovebaze;
• axalgoris raionSi 1 moqmedi licenziaa. WaburRilidan dabali
mineralizaciis wylis mopovebaze;
• xaSuris raionSi moqmedebs 6 licenzia. aqedan: 1 licenzia qviSa-xreSis
mopovebaze, 1 licenzia Wis teqnikuri wylis mopovebaze, 1 licenzia RaRvigujareTis madniani kvanZis keTilSobili da iSviaTi liTonebis Seswavla-
27
mopovebaze, 1 licenzia kvarciani qviSebis mopovebaze, 1 licenzia alis kirqvis
mopovebaze da 1 licenzia kvarcmindvris Spatiani qviSebis mopovebaze.
2005 wlis monacemebiT, aRmosavleT centraluri regionaluri sammarTvelos
teritoriaze moqmedebs 61 wiaRiT sargeblobis licenzia. SeCerebulia 7 licenzia
da gauqmebulia 51 licenzia.
saministros aRmosavleT centraluri regionaluri sammarTvelos mier
periodulad mowmdeboda mdinaris kalapotebi da inertuli masalebis karierebi,
wiaRis unebarTvod mopovebis aRsakveTad.
sammarTvelos TanamSromlebis mier iuridiuli da fizikuri pirebis mimarT,
administraciuli samarTaldarRvevisaTvis Sedgenilia 23 oqmi. dakisrebuli jarimis
saerTo odenobaa 1420 lari.
qvemo qarTlis regionSi cnobilia feradi, Savi da keTilSobili liTonebis,
qimiuri da keramikuli nedleulis, samSeneblo da mosapirkeTebeli masalebis,
hidromineraluri da sawvavi resursebis 200-ze meti sabado da madangamovlineba,
romelTagan 80-mde Seswavlilia. aq ganlagebulia wiaRiseulis sxvadasxva
kategoriis maragebi da prognozuli resursebi.
regionSi samTamadno mrewveloba ZiriTadad orientirebulia feradi da
keTilSobili liTonebisa da samSeneblo masalebis mopovebaze. rac ganpirobebulia
aRniSnuli saxeobis sasargeblo wiaRiseulis Seswavlilobis SedarebiT maRali
doniT da produqciaze sabazro moTxovnilebis arsebobiT.
qvemo qarTlis mxarisaTvis mniSvnelovani strategiuli resursia regionSi
arsebuli
samSeneblo
mosapirkeTebeli
qvebi,
Tixa-TabaSiri
da
inertuli
Semavseblebi. maTi maragi mniSvnelovani da mravalferovania (tufi, bazalti,
gamarmariloebuli kirqvebi, diabazebi, vulkanuri widebi da sxva).
gardabnis raioni, marneulisa da TeTriwyaros raionebis Crdilo-aRmosavleTi
mxare navTobisa da gazis mopovebisaTvis perspeqtiul teritoriebs warmoadgens.
amJamad regionSi arsebuli navTobis sabadoebidan (norios, samgoris, sacxenisis,
samgoris samxreT TaRi, TeleTis da dasavleT rusTavis) navTobis dReRamuri debeti
50-55 t-s ar aRemateba, romlis gazrda WaburRilebis moqmedebis intensivobis
meSveobiT SeiZleba 150-160 tonamde.
qvemo qarTlis regionSi 2006 wlis 1 ianvrisaTvis wiaRisa da wiaRiseulis
mopovebaze sul gacemulia 174 wiaRiT sargeblobis licenzia, aqedan gauqmebulia _
31, SeCerebulia _ 23,
moqmedia 120 wiaRiT sargeblobis licenzia. maT Soris:
gajis _ 15, qviSa-xreSis da inertuli masalebis _ 49, miwisqveSa wyaroebis da
mineralizebuli wylebis _ 7, oqro da sxva liTovebi _ 12, tufi _ 1, kirqva _ 1,
doloritebi _ 2, vulkanuri wida (pemza) _ 7, perliti _ 1, granit-porfiritebi _
2, bazalti _ 16, manganumi _ 1, kvarcitebi – 1, safaifure qva (keramikuli) _ 1,
marmarilos kirqvebi – 1, andezito-dacitebi _ 1, gamofituli graniti _ 2.
samcxe-javaxeTis regionSi 2005 wlis mdgomareobiT wiaRisa da wiaRiseulis
mopovebaze gacemulia da moqmedebs 38 licenzia: borjomis raionSi _ 13, axalcixis
raionSi _ 11, aspinZis raionSi _ 5, axalqalaqis raionSi _ 2, adigenis raionSi _ 3,
xolo ninowmindis raionSi _ 4.
kaxeTis mxareSi gvxvdeba Semdegi saxeobis wiaRiseuli:
Telavis raionSi – lopotis
marmalilosmagvari kirqvebi da lopotis
wopi-goris marmalilos narCenebi, nafareulis kirqva kirisaTvis, mdinareebis
Turdos-xevis da kisisxevis qviSa-xreSi, md. alaznis wvrilmarcvlovani qviSa,
gulgulis da Telavis saagure Tixa, alaznis arteziuli auzis sasmeli wyali,
mTiani kaxeTis navTobi da gazi.
28
axmetis raionSi – iltos marmalilosebri kirqva da qviSa-xreSi, jaburis
marmalilosebri kirqva, xorejos diabazi, qvaCadalas sabados bazalturi lava,
qvemo alvanis qviSa-xreSi, orvilis kirqva, alaznis arteziuli auzis sasmeli
wyali, mTiani kaxeTis navTobi da gazi.
gurjaanis raionSi – lakbes daSabranis saagure Tixa, fafris xevis da
Wermis xevis qviSa-xreSi, alaznis arteziuli auzis sasmeli wyali, mTiani kaxeTis
navTobi da gazi, axtalas samkurnalo talaxi.
dedofliswyaros raionSi – mirzaanis, patara Siraqis, nazarlebis, mTiani
kaxeTis da taribanas navTobi da gazi, dedofliswyaros safluse kirqvebi, kirqvebi
cementisTvis da kirisTvis, “cicabo mTas” da “sazafxulos” kirqva RorRisaTvis,
“ori Zmis” kirqva kirisaTvis, ole-ioris qviSa-xreSi, burdomTis, samaCxanos da
taribanas gaji samSeneblod da miwis gasanoyiereblad.
lagodexis raionSi – ereTiskaris saagure Tixa, alaznis arteziuli auzis
sasmeli wyali, mTiani kaxeTis navTobi da gazi.
sagarejos raionSi – sagarejos Tixa saagured da sadrenaJo milebisTvis,
yandauris saagure Tixa, ujarmas mineraluri wyali, saqaretbis mirabiliTi, mware
xevis, sagarejos da mTiani kaxeTis navTobi da gazi.
siRnaRis raionSi – furcelwyalis gaji samSeneblod da niadagis
gasanoyiereblad, kardenaxis, vaqiris da milaris saagure Tixa, yaraRajis kirqva
RorRisaTvis, bodbis da alaznis gamarmariloebuli kirqvebi, mTiani kaxeTis
navTobi da gazi.
yvarlis raionSi – inwobis fiqali sasaxuraved da keramzitisaTvis, alaznis
wvrilmarcvlovani qviSa, alaznis arteziuli auzis sasmeli wyali, mTiani kaxeTis
navTobi da gazi.
2005 wels kaxeTis regionSi wiaRiseuli resursebisa da miwisqveSa wylebis
mopovebaze, gacemulia da moqmedebs 14 licenzia.
rac Seexeba wiaRiseulis mopovebis moculobebs da zrdis tendenciebs,
SeiZleba iTqvas, rom regionSi mopovebis moculobis zrda 2005 wels wina welTan
SedarebiT daaxloebiT Seadgenda 15-20 %-s.
Tavi 5
mcenareuli safari
saqarTvelos biomravalferovneba mniSvnelovania, rogorc erovnuli, aseve
regionuli da globaluri TvalsazrisiT. saqarTvelo, rogorc kavkasiis nawili,
saerTaSoriso doneze warmoebuli kvlevebisa da Sefasebebis mixedviT, aRiarebulia,
rogorc erT-erTi 25-Tagani biologiurad umdidresi da safrTxis qveS myofi
xmeleTis ekosistema _ e.w. biomravalferovnebis cxeli wertili.
saqarTvelo zomieri klimatis qveynebs Soris erT-erTi umdidresia
floristuli TvalsazrisiT. saqarTvelos floris SemadgenlobaSi WurWlovan
mcenareTa 4 100-ze meti saxeobaa (mTels kavkasiaSi 6 350-mde saxeobaa aRwerili).
floris daaxloebiT 21%, anu 900-mde saxeoba endemuria (600 kavkasiis, 300
saqarTvelos endemi). maRalia saqarTvelos floris gvarobrivi endemizmic. aq 16
endemuri da subendemuri gvaria warmodgenili.
saqarTvelo kulturul mcenareTa warmoSobisa da mravalferovnebis erT-erTi
centria. aq Camoyalibda vazis, marcvlovnebis, xexilis mravali SesaniSnavi jiSi.
29
bolo
aTwleulebis
ganmavlobaSi
saqarTvelos
biomravalferovneba
mniSvnelovnad Semcirda, rac ukavSirdeba iseT anTopogenur da bunebriv faqtorebs,
rogoricaa habitatebis kargva, fragmentacia da degradireba, ukanono nadiroba da
TevzWera, ucxo saxeobebis introduqcia, biologiuri resursebis aramdgradi
gamoyeneba.
saqarTvelos mcenareTa da cxovelTa samyaros dacvisa da SenarCunebis mizniT
2005 wlis TebervalSi saqarTvelos mTavrobis mier damtkicebuli iqna
`saqarTvelos biomravalferovnebis dacvis strategia da moqmedebaTa gegma~.
dokumenti gansazRvravs saqarTvelos biomravalferovnebis dacvis da mdgradi
gamoyenebis strategias momavali 10 wlisaTvis da konkretul qmedebebs xuTwliani
periodisTvis. igi warmoadgens CarCo dokuments, romlis mixedviTac saqarTveloSi
unda warimarTos koordinirebuli saqmianoba biomravalferovnebis konservaciis
sferoSi.
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiasTan arsebuli
gadaSenebis safrTxis winaSe myofi saxeobebis komisiis mier momzadda saqarTvelos
`wiTeli nusxis~ proeqti. `wiTeli wignisa~ da `wiTeli nusxis~ Sesaxeb
saqarTvelos kanonis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad wiTel nusxaSi Sesatani TiToeuli
saxeoba Sefasda bunebis dacvis msoflio kavSiris (IUCN)-is mier gansazRvruli
kriteriumebiT da mieniWaT Sesabamisi kategoria. warmodgenili proeqtis mixedviT
saqarTvelos `wiTel nusxaSi~ Setanili iqneba mcenareTa 56 saxeoba. 2005 wlis
ganmavlobaSi moxerxda mxolod merqnian mcenareTa kategorizacia `wiTel nusxaSi~
Sesatanad. maT Sorisaa qarTuli nuSi, kolxuri bza, lafani, muxa, Zelqva, uTxovari,
biWvinTis fiWvi da sxva. rac Seexeba mcenareTa danarCen saxeobebs, maTi Sefaseba
moxdeba amJamad mimdinare proeqtis farglebSi `wiTeli nusxisTvis mcenareebis
SefasebaTa koordinacia da ganviTareba kavkasiis cxeli wertilisaTvis”, romelsac
finansurad mxars uWers kritikul mdgomareobaSi myofi ekosistemebis SenarCunebis
fondi (CEPF).
bolo wlebSi gansakuTrebiT gaizarda mcenareuli resursebis gamoyeneba.
mimdinareobs sakvebi, samkurnalo, dekoratiuli da sxva saxeobebis intensiuri
mopoveba.
mimdinareobs muSaoba sakanonmdeblo safuZvlebis Seqmnis mizniT iseTi
aramerqnuli mcenareuli resursis mopovebis licenzirebisTvis, romlebzedac
dReisaTvis arsebobs mniSvnelovani moTxovna, rogoricaa `gadaSenebis safrTxis
winaSe myofi veluri faunisa da floris saxeobebiT saerTaSoriso vaWrobis Sesaxeb~
konvenciiT (CITES) daculi saxeobebi.
2005 wels kanonierad ganxorcielebuli Wrebis moculobebi, merqnian
mcenareTa saxeobebis miTiTebiT, warmodgenilia danarTSi 1 (cxrili 14).
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis informaciiT,
saqarTvelos sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebis mcenareuli safari warmodgenilia
naTesi farTobebiT, mravalwliani kulturebiT (venaxebi, xilis baRebi, Caisa da
citrulebis plantaciebi) da bunebrivi saTib-saZovrebiT.
1. naTesi farTobebi warmodgenilia:
1.1 marcvleuli kulturebiT _ 355 aT. ha. maT Soris:
xorbali _ 97 400 ha;
simindi _ 194 200 ha;
mzesumzira – 37 200 ha;
bostneuli _ 44 300 ha;
kartofili _ 44 300 ha;
lobio – 960 ha.
30
1.2
mravalwliani nargavebi _ 227,8 aT.ha. maT Soris:
xexilis baRebi _ 92 600 ha;
venaxebi _ 90 800 ha;
Cais plantaciebi _ 32 500ha;
citrusebi _ 11 900 ha.
1.3 sakvebi savargulebi _ 1 978 aT.ha. maT Soris:
erTwliani naTesi balaxebi _ 35 700 ha;
mravalwliani balaxebi _ 38 000 ha;
bunebrivi saZovrebi _ 1 756 000 ha;
saTibebi _ 151 400 ha.
marcvleuli kulturebis naTesi farTobebis dinamika bolo aT weliwadSi
(1996-2005ww.) Semdeg suraTs iZleva: yvelaze mcire farTobi daiTesa 1996 wels
(280,7 aT.ha), xolo yvelaze meti _ 2002 wels (398,9aT.ha). momdevno wlebSi
naTesi farTobebi meryeobs 371-355 aT.ha-s farglebSi.
_ xorblis udidesi naTesi farTobi modis 2002 welze (139,2 aT.ha), ris
Semdeg modis misi TandaTanobiT kleba _ 2005 wels daiTesa 97,4 aT.ha.
_ samarcvle simindi 1998 wels daiTesa 148,8 aT. ha-ze, 2002 wels _ 200,9
aTas ha-ze, xolo 2005 wels ki 194,2 aTas ha-ze.
_ mzesumzikis udidesi farTobi daiTesa 2003 wels _ 46 aT. ha., 2004 wels
_ 36,5 aT.ha, xolo 2005 wels _ 37,2 aT.ha.
bolo wlebSi saxezea kartofilis naTesebis zrdis tendencia _ 1996 wels
daiTesa 236 aT.ha., 2003 wels _ 37,6 aT.ha., 2004 wels _ 38,4 aT.ha, xolo 2005
wels _ 40,4 aT.ha. daaxloebiT aseTive tendenciebia sxva sasoflo-sameurneo
kulturebis SemTxvevaSic.
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros informaciiT, lagodexis
raionSi, mdinareebis (kabali, mSvidobianis xevis kalapotis nataniT gadavsebis gamo,
adgili aqvs wyalmovardnebisas wylis nakadis tyian farTobze gadadinebas, rac
iwvevs tyeebis calkeuli masivebis daWaobebas (Wiauris tye lagodexis raionSi).
Tavi 6
cxovelTa samyaro
habitatebis ganadgureba, brakonieroba, tyeebis usistemo Cexva, wyalsatevebis
dabinZureba,
samigracio
gzebis
moSla
warmoadgenen
cxovelTa
saxeobebis
ricxovnobis Semcirebis ZiriTad mizezebs.
saqarTvelos `wiTel nusxis~ warmodgenili proeqtis Tanaxmad, masSi Setanil
iqneba cxovelTa 135 saxeoba da 4 qvesaxeoba. maTgan 33 saxeobis ZuZumwovari
(focxveri, iremi, niamori, mura daTvi, Wreltyava, dasavleTkavkasiuri jixvi, arCvi,
niamori da sxva), 35 saxeobis frinveli (qoCora varxvi, TeTrkuda fsovi, svavi,
gavazi, TeTrTvala ixvi da sxva), 11 saxeobis qvewarmavali, 2 saxeobis amfibia da 11
saxeobis Tevzi.
rTul mdgomareobaSi arian msxvili ZuZumwovrebi, romlebic TavianTi
biologiuri Taviseburebebis gamo (dabali nayofiereba, bunebrivad dabali
simWidrove, ganviTarebis xangrZlivi cikli, da a. S.), advilad mowyvlad jgufs
miekuTvnebian. Seqmnili situaciis gamo, zogierTi saxeoba, maT Soris Cliqosnebis
umetesoba, gadaSenebis piras aRmoCnda. bunebis dacvis msoflio fondis mier
xorcieldeba niamoris aRdgenis proeqti borjom-xaragaulis erovnuli parkis
31
teritoriaze. es saxeoba gadaSenebis ukiduresi safrTxis winaSe imyofeba. proeqtis
saboloo mizania niamoris aRdgena mis bunebriv arealSi, mcire kavkasionis Crdilo
nawilSi.
unda aRiniSnos zRvis ZuZumwovrebi, romelTa mdgomareobac saqarTvelos
teritoriul wylebSi ZiriTadad dabinZurebisa da gadaWarbebuli TevzWeris gamo
metad mZimea. 2005 wels `Savi zRvis, xmelTaSua zRvis da mimdebare atlantis
okeanis veSapisebrTa dacvis Sesaxeb SeTanxmebis (ACCOBAMS) samdivnos
mxardaWeriT ganxorcielda proeqti `Savi zRvis samxreT-aRmosavleTiT mimdebare
wylebSi veSapisnairTa gavrcelebisa da raodenobrivi Sefaseba “afalina-2005”.
proeqtis farglebSi pirvelad iqna daTvlili zRvis Rorisa da TeTrgverda
delfinebis minimaluri absoluturi raodenoba saqarTvelos samxreT akvatoriaSi
2320km2 farTobze.
wylis ekosistemebis degradacia da brakonieroba safrTxes uqmnis wyalmcurav
frinvelebs, romelTagan mravali iSviaTia ara marto qveynis, aramed globalur
doneze.
saqarTveloSi, gadamfreni frinvelebis garda, nadiroba nebadarTulia mxolod
samonadireo meurneobebSi da daculi teritoriebis amisaTvis specialurad
gamoyofil zonebSi. samonadireo meurneobebi (2005 wlisaTvis sul 29 meurneoba)
ZiriTadad axlad Seqmnilia da maT ZiriTad nawilSi jer ar dawyebula nadiroba da
sawyis wlebSi maTi funqcionireba mxolod infrastruqturis ganviTarebiTa da
nadir-frinvelis moSenebiTYSemoifargleba.
samonadireo meurneobebis gareT nadiroba nebadarTulia 15 saxeobis gadamfren
frinvelze SezRuduli dRiuri odenobiT. 2005 wels frinvelis gripis gavrcelebis
saSiSroebidan gamomdinare saqarTveloSi gadamfren frinvelebze nadiroba aikrZala
2005-2006 wlebis sanadiro sezonis bolomde.
2005 wels ganxorcielda saxelmwifo miznobrivi programa `saqarTvelos Savi
zRvis sanapiro zolsa da Sida wyalsatevebSi gavrcelebul sarewao TevzTa
maragebis Sefaseba~. programis saerTo Rirebuleba iyo 70 000 lari. aRniSnuli
programis farglebSi Sefasda Savi zRvis 18 saxeobis Tevzis maragi da ganisazRvra
maTi mopovebis kvota. amave programis farglebSi Seswavlili iqna tabawyuris,
faravnis, karwaxis, jandaris saRamos tbebi da sionis, xramisa da Saoris
wyalsacavebis iqtiologiuri mdgomareba, Sefasda sarewi Tevzebis maragebi da
ganisazRvra TevzWeris kvotebi. Sida wyalsatevebSi ZiriTad sarew saxeobebs
warmoadgenen: xramuli, karCxana, qaSapi, kobri, Samaia, TeTri sqelSubla, TeTri
amuri, farfliwiTela.
Sav zRvaSi ZiriTad sarew saxeobas warmoadgens Savi zRvis qafSia, romlis
maragi 1997 wlidan regularulad fasdeba akustikuri meTodis gamoyenebiT da
Weris kvota ganisazRvreba 50-60 aTasi tonis odenobiT. Savi zRvis sarewao Tevzebs
miekuTvnebian agreTve qarsala, merlangi, stavrida, katrani, pelamida da sxva.
2005 wels saministros biomravalferovnebis dacvis samsaxuris mier momzadda
erovnuli moxsenebebi Semdegi saerTaSoriso konvenciebisa da SeTanxmebebisTvis:
a) konvencia `saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis Warbteniani, gansakuTrebiT wylis
frinvelTa sabinadrod vargisi teritoriebis Sesaxeb~;
b) konvencia `velur cxovelTa migrirebadi saxeobebis dacvis Sesaxeb~;
g) SeTanxmeba àfrika evraziis wyalmcuravi migrirebadi frinvelebis dacvis
Sesaxeb~.
mimdinareobs mosamzadebeli samuSaoebi biomravalferovnebis dacvis sferoSi
Semdeg saerTaSoriso konvenciebTan da SeTanxmebebTan mierTebisaTvis:
32
_ biomravalferovnebis konvenciis biousafrTxoebis kartaxenas oqmi (oqmTan
mierTeba
mniSvnelovania
genetikurad
modificirebuli
organizmebis
transasazRvro gadaadgilebis regulirebis TvalsazrisiT, wardgenilia
saqarTvelos parlamentSi ratificirebisaTvis);
_ èvropis veluri bunebisa da bunebrivi habitatebis dacvis Sesaxeb~
(mimdinareobs analizi erovnul kanonmdeblobis konvenciasTan SesabamisobaSi
moyvanis
TvalsazrisiT,
konvenciasTan
mierTeba
mniSvnelovani
evrointegraciis procesisaTvis);
_ evropis landSaftebis konvencia (momzadebulia konvenciis Targmani qarTul
enaze).
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros 2005 wlis statistikuri
monacemebiT, saqarTveloSi mecxoveleobis wili soflis meurneobis produqciis
gamoSvebaSi 47% Seadgens.
pirutyvis suladoba bolo 5 wlis monacemebiT Semdegnairad gamoiyureba:
2001 – 2,2 mln. suli
2002 - 2,3 mln. suli
2003 – 2,4 mln. suli
2004 – 2,4 mln. suli
2005 – 2,5 mln. suli
maT Soris, msxvilfexaa 1 260 400 suli, Rori – 455 000, cxvari da Txis
suladoba gazrdilia 10,4 aTasi suliT da Seadgens – 815 000, futkris ojaxis
raodenoba Seadgens 249 aTasze mets, gasul welTan SedarebiT futkris ojaxis
raodenoba gaizarda 20 aTasiT. gadamamuSavebeli sawarmos ar arsebobis gamo TiTqmis
mTlianad SeCerebulia abreSumis parkis warmoeba, aRar xdeba grenis gamoyvana,
sagrZnoblad Semcirda TuTis plantaciebis raodenoba. gansakuTrebiT savalalo
mdgomareobaSi aRmoCnda kaxuri jiSis Roris suladoba, romlis raodenoba dRiTidRe mcirdeba, saSualod maTi raodenoba 1000 suls ar aRemateba. ZiriTadad kaxuri
jiSis Rori gavrcelebulia yvarlis, Telavisa da TianeTis raionebSi. gansakuTrebiT
yuradRebas saWiroebs endemuri da aborigenuli jiSebis genofondis SenarCuneba
(qarTuli mTis saqoneli: xevsuruli, megruli, wiTeli jiSis Zroxa, imeruli
cxvrisa da megruli Txis jiSebi).
2005 wlis sasoflo-sameurneo aRweris monacemebis mixedviT saqarTveloSi
sul aRricxulia 7 482 220 frTa yvela saxis Sinauri frinveli. maT Soris
yvelaze didi raodenobiT gamoirCeva imereTis regioni – 24 %; mas mosdevs
samegrelo-zemo svaneTi – 22%; qvemo qarTli – 18 %.
saqarTvelo hidroresursebiT mdidari qveynis rigs ganekuTvneba. aqedan
gamomdinare, meTevzeobis dargs xarisxiani, ekologiurad sufTa da mravalferovani
Tevzis produqciis warmoebis didi rezervi gaaCnia.
saqarTvelos Savi zRvis sanapiro zoli Seadgens 310 km-s, tbebi – 8 800 ha,
sairigacio wyalsatevebi 7 800 ha, xelovnuri tborebi - 2 650 ha, sakalmaxe
meurneobebi – 52 erTeuli, 1200 tona kalmaxis warmadobiT, aqve mivuTiTebT, rom
amgvari tipis tborebisa da sakalmaxe meurneobebis ricxvi dRiTidRe izrdeba
mciremasStabiani kerZo saTevze meurneobebis matebis xarjze.
33
Tavi 7
radiaciuli mdgomareoba
saministros monitoringisa da prognozirebis centris radiometriul qselSi
2005 wlis I naxevarSi funqcionirebda 11 radiometriuli sadguri, wlis meore
naxevarSi maTi ricxvi gaizarda 20-mde. informacia atmosferul haerSi gamagamosxivebis intensivobis simZlavris Sesaxeb Semodioda Semdegi sadgurebidan:
axalqalaqi, axalcixe, baTumi, gori, gurjaani, dedofliswyaro, duSeTi, zestafoni,
zugdidi, Tbilisi, TeTri wyaro, Telavi, lagodexi, quTaisi, saCxere, fasanauri,
foTi, walka da qobuleTi. am sadgurebze mimdinareobs miwispira atmosferul haerSi
gama-gamosxivebis simZlavris intensivobis gansazRvra. dakvirvebis monacemTa analizi
uCvenebs, rom aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi radiaciuli foni meryeobda 9-18 mkr/sT-is
dasavleT saqarTveloSi – 10-16 mkr/sT-is, TbilisSi – 7-19 mkr/sT-is. farglebSi.
tardeboda beta-aqtivobis gazomva q.TbilisSi, axalqalaqsa da qobuleTSi.
daleqil mtverSi beta-aqtivoba Seadgina TbilisSi - 0,8-2,2 bk/m2, axalqalaqSi - 0,56,0 bk/m2, qobuleTSi – 1,7-7,3 bk/m2.
atmosferos miwispira fenis radiaqtiuri dabinZurebis done momatebulia
dasavleT saqarTvelos dasaxlebul punqtebSi: daba jvari (25 mikrorentgeni
saaTSi), sof. grigoleTi (28 mikrorentgeni saaTSi), q. senaki (20 mikrorentgeni
saaTSi), q. foTi (20 mikrorentgeni saaTSi), q. quTaisi (15 mikrorentgeni saaTSi),
sof. gelaTi (18 mikrorentgeni saaTSi), xonis raioni – Cagolas mTis ialaRebi (15
mikrorentgeni saaTSi), xaragaulis raioni (13 mikrorentgeni saaTSi) (ix. diagrama
7.1). CamoTvlil dasaxelebul punqtebSi radiaciuli fonis amaRleba aRiniSneba ara
mTel maT teritoriebze, aramed warmoSobilia lokaluri, mcire farTobis mqone
laqebi. am laqebis warmoSobis mizezia Cernobilis atomur eleqtrosadgurze
momxdari katastrofis Semdeg dasavleT saqarTveloSi Semosuli radioaqtiuri
nivTierebebis Semcveli Rrublebidan gadmodenili naleqebiT niadagis gaJRenTva.
atmos feros miwis pira fenis rad iaqtiuri
d abinZurebis d one d as avleT s aqarTvelos
d as axlebul punqtebSi
radiaciuli foni mkr/sT
30
bunebrivi radiaciuli foni
28
25
25
20
20
20
18
15
15
15
13
10
5
0
1
2
3
4
5
diagrama 7.1
34
6
7
8
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
daba jvari
sof. grigoleTi
q. senaki
q. foTi
q. quTaisi
sof. gelaTi
xonis r-ni
Cagolas mTa
8. xaragaulis r-ni
aris gamonaklisi SemTxvevac, magaliTad xonis raionSi arsebul Cagolas mTis
ialaRebze radiaciuli fonis momateba gamowveulia am teritoriaze uranis
arasamrewvelo mniSvnelobis sabados arsebobiT.
SedarebisaTvis, aRsaniSnavia, rom saqarTvelos teritoriaze bunebrivi
radiaciuli foni Seadgens 10-12 mikrorentgens saaTSi. aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
regionebSi Cernobilis avariiT gamowveuli laqebi ar SeiniSneba.
radionuklidebiT teqnogenuri dabinZurebebi SemCneuli iyo qalaq foTis
yofili gemTsaSeni qarxnis teritoriaze, sadac niadagSi CaRvrili iqna am qarxnis
defeqtoskopiis yofili laboratoriis kuTvnili cezium-137 radionuklidis
Semcveli xsnarebi. aRniSnuli teritoria gawmendilia saministros birTvuli da
radiaciuli usafrTxoebis samsaxuris mier, agreTve gasufTavebulia igive
radionuklidiT dabinZurebuli rusTavis metalurgiuli kombinatis teritoriis
lokaluri farTobic (daaxloebiT 150 kv.metri).
radium-226 radionuklidiT iyo dabinZureuli vazianis yofili sabWoTa
kavSiris SeiaraRebuli samxedro bazis TviTmfrinavTsaremonto saamqros teritoria
(farTobi
–
daaxloebiT
1000
kv.metri).
dReisaTvis
es
teritoriac
reabilitirebulia.
niadagis radionuklidebiT dabinZurebis SedarebiT naklebmniSvnelovani faqtebi
dafiqsirebuli iyo saqarTvelos sazRvris dacvis departamentis axalcixis bazis
teritoriaze radium-226 da stroncium-90 radionuklidebiT. dReisaTvis es
teritoriac (farTobi 50 kv.metri) gasufTavebulia birTvuli da radiaciuli
usafrTxoebis samsaxuris mier.
samsaxuri uZluria Cernobilis avariiT gamowveuli dabinZurebuli laqebis
sareabilitacio samuSaoebis Casatareblad, radgan maTi farTobebi mniSvnelovnad
didia da gaJonvis siRrmec Sesabamisad erTi-ori metris sididisaa. aseTi moculobis
niadagis moWra da misi gauvnebelyofa moiTxovs Zalian did finansur danaxarjebs,
romelic saqarTvelos ekonomikuri mdgomareobis mixedviT SeuZlebeli xdeba.
aRsaniSnavia, rom amgvari problemis gadawyvetaze uari Tqves iseTma ekonomikurad
Zlierma saxelmwifoebma, rogorebicaa SvedeTi, avstria da sxva.
aRsaniSnavia, rom niadagSi radionuklidebis Semcvelobis koncentracia
saqarTvelos radiaciuli usafrTxoebis normebiT gaTvaliswinebul zRvrul
mniSvnelobebTan SedarebiT marto cezium-137 izotopis SemTxvevaSi 30-jer metia
grigoleTSi, 17-jer – senakSi, quTaisis avtoqarxnis aeroportSi – 12-jer, gelaTSi
– 12-jer da a.S.
niadagebis dabinZurebis monitoringis gansaxorcieleblad 2005 wels
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros mier niadagis radiaciuli foni
Seswavlil iqna 21 raionSi: kaspis, qarelis, gurjaanis, axalcixis, axmetis,
bolnisis, lagodexis, xaSuris, Telavis, goris, sagarejos, mcxeTis, zestafonis,
Terjolis raionebSi, ureksa da baxmaroSi. radiaciuli foni yvelgan dasaSvebi
donis farglebSi aRoCnda.
radionukleidebis Semcvelobaze (stroncium 90 da cezium 137) Semowmebuli
iqna niadagis 189 nimuSi, B radioaqtivobaze _ 1002 nimuSi. yvela gamokvleul
nimuSSi maTi Semcveloba dasaSveb doneze dabalia.
qalaqebsa da dasaxlebul punqtebSi radiaciuli mdgomareobis usafrTxoebis
misaRwevad saministros birTvuli da radiaciuli usafrTxoebis samsaxuri
permanentulad axorcielebs ukontrolo radioaqtiuri wyaroebis saZiebo samuSaoebs
da SeiZleba iTqvas, rom 2005 wlis mdgomareobiT, aRniSnuli samuSaoebi
mimdinareobda qveynis TiTqmis yvela regionSi.
35
wlis ganmavlobaSi moZiebuli da gauvnebelyofilia 12 erTeuli ukontrolo
radioaqtiuri wyaro.
paralelurad xorcieldeba maionebeli gamosxivebis wyaroebis registracia
mTel saqarTvelos teritoriaze. saangariSo periodSi registrirebuli iqna
saqarTvelos qalaqebSi da dasaxlebul punqtebSi arsebuli yvela is organizacia da
maT mflobelobaSi myofi maionebeli gamosxivebis saSualebebi, romlebic ewevian
radiaciul saqmianobas.
dawyebulia radiaciuli saqmianobiT dakavebuli organizaciaTa licenzirebis
procesi.
aseve
xorcieldeba
am
organizaciaTa
inspeqtireba
radiaciuli
usafrTxoebis normebis dacvis wesebis Sesrulebis kontrolirebis mizniT.
saqarTvelos teritoriaze radioaqtiuri nivTierebebiT damabinZurebeli
obieqtebi aRar arseboben mas Semdeg, rac gawmendili iqnen yofili rusuli
sajariso nawilebis sadislokacio bazebi. gamonaklis SemTxvevad unda miviCnioT
baTumisa da axalqalaqis dResac moqmedi ruseTis federaciis SeiaraRebuli Zalebis
bazebi. maTi gasvlis Semdeg dabinZurebuli teritoriebis gaCena savaraudoa.
mdgomareobis gasaumjobeseblad Catarebulia Semdegi RonisZiebebi:
• damTavrebulia radiaciuli nivTierebaTa Sesanaxis sarekonstruqcio
samuSaoebi. uaxloes droSi es obieqti miiRebs Sesabamis iuridiul
statuss da dakompleqtdeba momsaxure personaliT, ris Semdegadac
SesaZlebeli gaxdeba mTeli saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli,
usargeblod da gamoyenebis gareSe darCenili radioaqtiuri wyaroebis
masSi uxifaTo ganTavseba.
• registrirebulia mTel saqarTveloSi arsebuli radiaciuli saqmianobiT
dakavebuli obieqtebi da maT mflobelobaSi myofi maionebeli gamosxivebis
wyaroebi.
• mimdinareobs saqarTveloSi arsebuli radiaciuli saqmianobiT dakavebul
organizaciaTa licenzirebis procesi.
• ixveweba
radiaciuli
saqmianobis
saxelmwifo
regulirebisaTvis
aucilebeli sakanonmdeblo baza.
• saqarTvelos saxelmwifo sazRvris gamSveb punqtebze da sazRvao portebSi
damontaJda aRmomCeni deteqtoruli sasignalo sistemebi radioaqtiuri
tvirTebis aralegaluri gadazidvebis aRmosafxvrelad.
• mimdinareobs qveynis gareT da SigniT momxdari birTvuli katastrofebisa
da radiologiuri incidentebis drouli Setyobinebis sistemis SemuSavebis
da misi teqnikuri gamarTvis procesi.
saqarTvelos garemosdacviTi politikis is mimarTuleba, romelic exeba
birTvuli da radiaciuli usafrTxoebis sferos, ganisazRvreba saqarTvelos kanoniT
`birTvuli da radiaciuli usafrTxoebis Sesaxeb~. aRniSnuli kanonis Tanaxmad
qveynis birTvul da radiaciul usafrTxoebaze ZiriTad pasuxismgebel uwyebas,
romelic birTvul da radiaciuli saqmianobis maregulirebeli, saxelmwifo
zedamxedvelobis ganmaxorcielebeli roli miekuTvneba, warmoadgens saqarTvelos
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro. saministro gansazRvravs
saqarTvelos garemosa da mosaxleobis birTvul da radiaciul usafrTxoebisaTvis
saWiro politikis ZiriTad da prioritetul mimarTulebebs. ZiriTad mimarTulebad
miiCneva qveynis garemosa da mosaxleobis usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa birTvuli
katastrofebisgan da radiologiuri incidentebisagan. im SemTxvevaSi, Tu aRniSnuli
katastrofa, an incidenti moxdeba, saministro uzrunvelyofs sxva kompetentur
uwyebebTan erTad samaSvelo da salikvidacio RonisZiebaTa dagegmvasa da maT
ganxorcielebas. saministro awarmoebs saqarTvelos garemos radiaciul monitorings
36
da axorcielebs qveyanaSi birTvuli da radiaciuli saqmianobis regulirebas.
prioritetul mimarTulebad miiCneva: birTvuli da radiaciuli saqmianobiT
dakavebul organizaciaTa licenzireba, am organizaciaTa inspeqtireba, saqmianobis
regulirebisaTvis aucilebeli sakanonmdeblo normativebis Seqmna.
qveyanaSi birTvuli da radiaciuli usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis
mimdinareobs miznobrivi saxelmwifo programa `saqarTvelos mosaxleobis birTvuli
da radiaciuli usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa~, romelic moqmedebs 1996 wlidan.
garda am programisa, saqarTvelo, rogorc atomuri energiis saerTaSoriso saagentos
wevri qveyana, monawilea ramdenime saerTaSoriso programisa am saagentos egidiT,
romelTa meSveobiT saqarTvelo Rebulobs saagentosagan xelsawyo-aparaturas,
qarTvel specialistebs eZlevaT saSualeba aimaRlon kvalifikacia saagentos
organizebul sawvrTnel-saswavlo kursebze, miiRon monawileoba saerTaSoriso
samuSao SexvedrebSi da Seasrulon samuSao vizitebi sazRvargareTis qveynebSi.
saerTaSoriso
TanamSromlobis
kuTxiT,
birTvuli
da
radiaciuli
usafrTxoebis dacvis sferoSi samsaxuri TanamSromlobs atomuri energiis
saerTaSoriso
saagentosTan,
amerikis
energetikis
departamentTan,
evropis
usafrTxoebis da TanamSromlobis organizaciasTan, birTvuli da radiaciuli
saqmianobis maregulirebel struqturebTan somxeTSi, azerbaijanSi, belorusiaSi,
litvaSi, estoneTSi, CexeTSi, xorvatiaSi, yazaxeTSi, germaniis federaciuli
respublikis garemos dacvisa da atomuri energetikis usafrTxoebis saministrosTan
da safrangeTis atomuri energetikis usafrTxoebis komisariatTan.
saqarTvelo
SeerTebulia
atomuri
energiis
saerTaSoriso
saagentos
konvenciaSi:
• `birTvuli
iaraRis
gauvrceleblobis
Sesaxeb
xelSekrulebasTan
dakavSirebiT garantiebis gamoyenebis Taobaze~
• am SeTanxmebis damatebiTi protokoli.
mimdinareobs birTvuli masalebis fizikuri dacvis Sesaxeb konvencisTan
mierTebis mosamzadebeli samuSaoebi.
birTvuli da radiaciuli usafrTxoebis sferoSi samsaxuri TanamSromlobs
amerikis SeerTebul StatebTan, germaniis federaciul respublikasTan, safrangeTTan,
CexeTTan, xorvatiasTan, sloveniasTan, bulgareTTan, TurqeTTan, ukrainasTan,
belorusiasTan, somxeTTan, azerbaijanTan, litvasTan, estoneTTan, indoeTTan,
yazaxeTTan. Catarebulia saqarTvelos regionebis gama-aerotestireba frang
specialistebTan erTad, ukontrolo radioaqtiuri wyaroebis saZiebo samuSaoebi
germanel, amerikel, Turq da indoel specialistebTan erTad. mimdinareobs dargSi
arsebuli siaxleebis da informaciebis gacvla.
Tavi 8
garemoze fizikuri zemoqmedebis
gansakuTrebuli saxeebi
eleqtronuli komunikaciebis sferoSi bunebrivi resursebiT sargebloba
regulirdeba “eleqtronuli komunikaciebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos kanoniT, romlis
Tanaxmad radiosixSiruli speqtriT da numeraciis resursiT sargeblobaze
saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisiis mier licenzia gaicema mxolod
auqcionis wesiT.
37
aRniSnuli kanonis Sesabamisad (Tavi 10, muxlebi 58, 59) eleqtronuli
komunikaciebis sferoSi moqmedi radio da satelekomunikacio danadgarebi unda
Seesabamebodnen evropul harmonizirebul standartebs, romelTa sertificireba
xorcieldeba saqarTvelos komunikaciebis erovnuli komisiis mier.
garemosa da adamianis janmrTelobaze fizikuri faqtorebis xmauris,
eleqtromagnituri gamosxivebis uaryofiTi Sedegebis aRmofxvrisaTvis q. Tbilisis
meriis saqalaqo samsaxuri ixilavs radioteqnikuri gadamcemi obieqtebis sanitaruli
dacviTi da ganaSenianebis SezRudvis zonebis organizaciisa da keTilmowyobis
proeqts. masSi aucilebel pirobas warmoadgens radiosixSiris diapazonis
eleqtromagnituri gamosxivebis gazomvebis Catareba: a) obieqtis eqspluataciaSi
gaSvebisas sacdeli eqspluataciis dros, b) weliwadSi erTjer mimdinare
kontrolis mizniT.
xmauri. bolo wlebSi Tbilisis quCebsa da magistralebze Catarebuli
gazomvebis Sedegad, dafiqsirebulia xmauris maRali doneebi (70-80dbA farglebSi).
cxrilSi 8.1 warmodgenilia xmauris maxasiaTeblebi q. Tbilisis zogierTi quCisa da
magistralisaTvis.
cxrili 8.1
avtosatransporto nakadebis xmauris maxasiaTeblebi
q. Tbilisis zogierTi quCisa da magistralisaTvis
#
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
bgeris ekvivalenturi
done dbA
70
73
80
76
75
77
76
76
gazomvis adgili
faliaSvilis q.
i. abaSiZis q.
varazisxevi
meliqiSvilis q.
kostavas q.
rusTavelis gamz.
vaJa-fSavelas gamz.
wereTlis gamz.
mocemuli monacemebi adastureben mosazrebas imis Sesaxeb, rom Tbilisis
ZiriTadi quCebisa da magistralebis maxloblad ganlagebul sacxovrebel da
sazogadoebriv SenobebTan warmoiqmneba zenormatiuli xmauri.
eleqtromagnituri velebi.
anTropogenuri wyaroebia:
garemoSi
eleqtromagnituri
velebis
ZiriTadi
− maRali da zemaRali Zabvis eleqtruli xazebi;
− Senoba-nagebobebis eleqtruli qselebi da sayofacxovrebo wyaroebi;
− eleqtrostatikuri muxtis mqone zedapirebi, eleqtrizebadi nivTierebebis gadanacvlebis teqnologiuri procesebi (navTobis, gazis, fxvieri nivTierebebis gadanacvlebis dros da a.S.);
− mZlavri radio da telegadamcemi mowyobilobebi da sadgurebi;
− radiolokaciuri sadgurebi;
− mikrotalRuri sayofacxovrebo teqnika (Rumelebi da a.S);
38
− personaluri radiokavSiris saSualebani (maT Soris fiWuri satelefono da
satelituri radiokavSiri);
− personaluri gamoTvliTi manqanebi;
− eleqtrotransportis kontaqturi xazebi da TviT eleqtrotransporti.
msoflioSi mimdinare integraciulma procesebma axali moTxovnebi wauyena
telekomunikaciebis sistemebs. farTovdeba kavSirgabmulobis iseTi sfero, rogoricaa
Tanamgzavrze mimarTuli sadgurebi. aSenda da eqspluataciaSia 19 sadguri.
ekologiurad
usafrTxo,
sufTa
radioqselebis
Sesaqmnelad
kompania
„magTikomma“ danerga qselis Senebis axali principi. fiWuri kavSirgabmulobis
qselSi moxda eleqtromanituri velis wyaroTa simZlavreebis gadanawileba
radiosignaliT. Seiqmna dabali simZlavris sabazo sadgurebisgan Semdgari xSiri
radioqseli. amiT gaumjobesda signalis xarisxi da Semcirda eleqtromagnituri
velis intensivoba, romelic dauaxlovda bunebriv fons.
Tavi 9
wlis meteorologiuri pirobebis Taviseburebebi.
bunebrivi katastrofebi da stiqiuri ubedurebebi
saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministros mier regularulad aRiricxeboda
wlis ganmavlobaSi momxdari stiqiuri movlenebi. 2005 wels saqarTvelos
teritoriaze adgili hqonda 86 sxvadasxva saxis sagangebo situacias, ris Sedegadac
daiRupa 35 da daSavda 213 adamiani, evakuirebuli iqna 10298 adamiani, usaxlkarod
darCa 20 ojaxi, ganadgurda 1103 ha sasoflo-sameurneo naTesebi, daiRupa 230
msxvilfexa pirutyvi, daingra 20 da dazianda 1325 Senoba, mwyobridan gamovida 2 km
wyalmomaragebis sistema, 185 eleqtrogadacemis anZa, dazianda 95 km saavtomobilo
gza da 69 xidi, daingra 2,1 km jebiri. informacia stiqiuri movlenis saxeobis,
materialuri zaralisa da gatarebuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb warmodgenilia danarTSi
1 (cxrili 19).
saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros
monitoringisa da prognozirebis centris informaciiT, saqarTvelos teritoriaze
2005 weli umetesad Tbili amindebiT xasiaTdeboda. haeris saSualo temperatura
mravalwliur normaze saSualod 0,7 gradusiT maRali iyo. SedarebiT grili
amindebiT mxolod marti, ivnisi da oqtomberi gamoirCeoda (ix danarTi 1, cxr. 15;
16).
23 oqtombers Sida qarTlSi (xaSuri, gori) pirveli wayinvebi aRiniSna. haeris
minimalurma temperaturam kolxeTis dablobze -1 - -4, qvemo qarTlsa da kaxeTSi -5
- -8, Sida qarTlSi -10 - -12 da samxreT saqarTvelos mTianeTSi -20 - -23 gradus
yinvamde daiwia. xanmokle Zlieri sicxe 5-dan 9 da 15-dan 19 agvistomde periodebSi
aRiniSna. kolxeTis dablobze, qarTlsa da kaxeTSi mTian raionebSi (zRvis donidan
1000 m. simaRlemde) haeri dRisiT 35-39 gradusamde gaTba. 7 agvistos haeris
temperatura zestafonSi 40 gradusamde aiwia.
2005 weli naleqianobiT gamoirCeoda. mosuli naleqebis wliurma raodenobam
(ix. danarTi 1 cxr. 17; 18) mravalwliuri normis 133% Seadgina. gansakuTrebiT
naleqiani iyo martis Tve (dasavleT saqarTvelo, aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
kavkasionis mTianeTi), aprili, ivnisi da oqtomberi. martSi cagerSi mosulma
naleqebis raodenobam Tvis normis 411% da foTSi oqtomberSi 463% Seadgina.
39
aprilis dasawyisSi Tovlis safaris simaRlem gudaurSi 250 sm-s miaRwia.
gazafxulis wyaldidobis dawyebis win kavkasionis mTebSi eqspediciuri gziT
Catarebulma Tovlis marSrutulma agegmvamac daadastura, rom martis meore
naxevarSi kavkasionis maRalmTianeTSi Seqmnili Tovlis safari 2-jer sWarbobda
mravalwliur normas. statistikuri monacemebiT, wlis am periodSi Tovlis safari
aRniSnul simaRles kavkasionis maRalmTian zonaSi saSualod 25 weliwadSi erTxel
aRwevs.
wlis ganmavlobaSi aRniSnuli stiqiuri hidrometeorologiuri da geologiuri
movlenebi
hidrometeorologiuri movlenebi
2005 weli stiqiuri hidrometeorologiuri movlenebis siuxviT gamoirCeoda.
28 Tebervlidan 6 martamde kavkasionis maRalmTian zonaSi Zlier Tovda.
Tovlis safaris simaRlem gudaurSi 275 da jvris gadasasvlelze 332 sm-s miaRwia.
saqarTvelos samxedro gzaze 79 Tovlis zvavi Camowva. samxedro gzis yvelaze
zvavsaSiSi ubani – kobi-gudauris monakveTi transportis moZraobisaTvis TiTqmis
mTeli Tve iyo Caketili. yazbegis raionSi 40 dRis ganmavlobaSi iyo blokirebuli
800 avtomanqana. Tovlis zvavebi Camowva zemo da qvemo svaneTSi, raWasa da leCxumSi.
zvavebma waaqcia anZebi da dawyvita eleqtrogadamcemi xazebi. mTian zonaSi adidda
md. cxeniswyali da lajanuri. daitbora sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi.
9 marts Zlierma qarma samxreT saqarTveloSi daaziana alaverdis
eleqtrogadamcemi xazi.
21 marts didTovlobam Caketa mestia-xaiSis saavtomobilo magistrali.
29-30 marts mosuli Zlieri wvimebis Sedegad xulos raionis mdinareebze
aRiniSna Rvarcofi da saSiSi wyalmovardnebi. daitbora 25 sacxovrebeli saxli.
samtrediis raionis soflebSi (sajavaxo, dafnari, gomi) daitbora sasoflosameurneo savargulebi.
15-16 aprils goris raionSi adidda md. mejuda. daitbora sof. rexa da zemo
rexa. imave dRes daisetyva axmetis, Telavis da gurjaanis raionebi. dazianda 200 ha
sasoflo-sameurneo savarguli.
25 aprilidan kavkasionis maRalmTianeTSi CamoTba. gudaurSi, 2150 m simaRleze
haeris minimaluri temperaturac ki dadebiTi iyo. daTbobas Tan daerTo wvima, rasac
Tovlis intensiuri dnoba moyva.
mdinareebze dawyebul gazafxulis wyaldidobas Tan daerTo Zlieri
wyalmovardna. 27 aprils md. mtkvarSi wylis xarjma q. TbilisTan 2 200 kuburi
metri Seadgina wamSi. (SedarebisaTvis q. TbilisSi md. mtkvris udidesi
mravalwliuri xarji 1968 wels aRiniSna da 2 450 kuburi metri wamSi iyo.
saqarTvelos mdinareebze mosalodneli wyalmovardnebis Sesaxeb ramdenime
dRis winaswarobiT gacemuli gafrTxilebebis Sedegad moxda Jinvalis wyalsacavSi
md. aragvis wylis didi nawilis akumulireba, ramac SesaZlebeli gaxada q. Tbilisis
datborvis Tavidan acileba. imave dReebSi mdinareebze saSiSi wyalmovardnebi
aRiniSna raWa-leCxumSi, svaneTSi, samegreloSi, aragvis xeobaSi, qvemo qarTlSi.
3 maiss lagodexis raionSi mosuli Zlieri wvimis Sedegad adidda md. alaznis
marcxena Senakadebi: kabali, lagodexisxevi, avanisxevi.
20 aprilidan 5 maisamde aRniSnulma stiqiurma hidrometeorologiurma
movlenebma qveyanas 20 mln. laris zarali miayena.
9-10 maiss Telavis, axmetis da TeTri wyaros raionebSi aRiniSna setyva da
qaris Skvaluri gaZliereba. 11-12 maiss adidebulma md. cxeniswyalma martvilis
40
raionSi gaarRvia damba da datbora 1500 ha sasoflo-sameurneo savarguli. 14 maiss
adidebulma md. iltom datbora axmetis raionis sof. Saxvetila.
3-7 ivniss Zlierma wvimebma setyvasTan erTad daaziana gzebi, xidebi, datbora
sacxovrebeli saxlebi da sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi TianeTis, axmetis,
Telavis, mcxeTis, yazbegis, lentexis, cageris da goris raionebSi.
12 ivniss Zlieri setyvisa da Skvalis Sedegad ninowmindis raionSi daixoca
pirutyvi. saxlebs aexada saxuravi. sagarejosa da dmanisis raionebSi setyva naxevari
saaTis ganmavlobaSi modioda, 14 ivniss duSeTSi saaTnaxevris ganmavlobaSi movida 71
mm naleqi. intensiuri wvimis Sedegad adidda praqtikulad mSrali - duSeTis xevi.
gaangariSebiT wylis xarjma duSeTis xevSi 170 kuburi metri wamSi Seadgina. xevSi
arsebulma kapitalurma xidma wylis nakadi ver gaatara. daitbora sacxovrebeli
saxlebi. daiRupa erTi adamiani.
aragvis xeobaSi da mTlinad aRmosavleT saqarTveloSi mosuli Zlieri
wvimebis Sedegad kvlav adidda md. mtkvari.
5 ivliss duSeTSi kvlav Zlierad wvimda. qalaqSi warmoqmnilma niaRvrebma
datbora Senoba-nagebobebis pirveli sarTulebi. daiRupa erTi adamiani. amave dRes
Zlieri setyva da qariSxali aRiniSna gurjaanis raionSi.
26-27 ivliss saqarTvelos samxedro gzaze 4 Rvarcofi gamovida.
2 agvistos svaneTSi adidda md. mestia-Wala. daitbora sasoflo-sameurneo
savargulebi.
4-5 agvistos Zlieri wvimis Sedegad gudauris monakveTze saqarTvelos
samxedro gzaze ori Rvarcofi gamovida. dazianda gzebi da xidebi.
10-11 agvistos adidda md. xobi. xobis raionSi dazaralda 70 ojaxi. daitbora
sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi. daixoca saqoneli.
18 seqtembers Zlierad wvimda Tbilisis aeroportis midamoebSi. mosulma
naleqebis raodenobam 60 mm Seadgina. daitbora axlomdebare soflebi. sof. did
diRomSi setyva erT saaTs grZeldeboda. amave dRes daisetyva Telavis, gurjaanis,
siRnaRis da goris raionebi.
4-5 oqtombers Zlieri wvimebis Sedegad mdinareebi adidda guria-aWaris
regionebSi.
28 oqtombers kvlav Zlierad wvimda guria-aWaraSi da samtrediis raionSi.
adidda mdinareebi. daitbora sasoflo-sameurneo savargulebi da Senoba-nagebobebis
pirveli sarTulebi. daiRupa erTi adamiani.
16-25 dekembers Zlierad Tovda saqarTvelos samxedro gzis kobi-gudauris
monakveTze. gza Caiketa 30 dekembramde. daiRupa sami adamiani.
saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministros saavtomobilo gzebis
departamentis monacemebiT, 2005 wels stiqiuri hidrometeorologiuri movlenebiT
miyenebulma zaralma 40 milioni lari Seadgina. mTlianobaSi 2005 wels stiqiuri
hidrometeorologiuri movlenebiT gamowveulma zaralma 120 milion lars miaRwia.
saavtomobilo gzebis departamentma wlis ganmavlobaSi momxdari bunebrivi
katastrofebis da stiqiuri ubedurebebis Sedegad miyenebuli zianis salikvidaciod
daxarja 34212,0 lari.
geologiuri movlenebi
2005 wels geologiurma stiqiurma movlenebma (mewyerebma, Rvarcofebma da
eroziulma procesebma) moicva saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela landSaftur-geografiuli
speqtri – zRvispireTidan dawyebuli, maRalmTianeTiT damTavrebuli. gansakuTrebiT
mwvave ekologiuri situacia Seiqmna mTian raionebSi: svaneTSi, mcxeTa mTianeTSi,
raWa-leCxumSi, guriasa da aWaraSi. iseT regionebSic ki, romelTa didi nawili wina
41
wlebSi geologiuri stiqiis saSualo riskis zonaSi imyofeboda (kaxeTi, mesxeTi,
samegrelos mTiswineTi), moeqca maRali saSiSroebis arealSi.
geologiuri stiqiis maRali saSiSroebis riskis arealSi moeqca 190-mde
dasaxlebuli punqti, sxvadasxva xarisxiT dazianda 2932 sacxovrebeli saxli,
mosaxleoba moicva fsiqologiurma stresma. bevri maTgani (mestiis, lentexis,
xulos, Suaxevis raionebSi) iTxovda sxva adgilebze gadasaxlebas.
strategiuli obieqtebidan ukiduresad mZime mdgomareobaSi aRmoCnda
saavtomobilo gzebi da transkavkasiis gazis magistralebi.
mewyerebma, Rvarcofebma da eroziulma procesebma daangria da aRdgenareabilitacia dasWirda 111 km sigrZis saavtomobilo gzebs. aucilebeli gaxda
gazsadenebis aRdgenis gadaudebeli RonisZiebebis gatareba stefanwmindis, baidaras,
qabarjinas, menesosa da nanianis ubnebze.
arasruli monacemebiT geologiuri procesebisagan dazianda da maRali
saSiSroebis riskis zonaSi moeqca 9610 ha miwis fondi.
Tavi 10
garemos ekologiuri faqtorebis SesaZlo gavlena
mosaxleobis janmrTelobaze
qveynis mosaxleoba 2005 wlis 1 ianvris mdgomareobiT Seadgenda 4 321,5 aTas
kacs. maT Soris: qalaqad 2 257,5 aTas kacs, xolo soflad 2 064,0 aTas kacs.
mosaxleobis dinamikaSi niSandoblivia Sobadobis ukiduresi Semcireba. 2000-2005
wlebSi 1000 mosaxleze Sobadoba meryeobda 10,7-11,5-is farglebSi, rac
mniSvnelovnad naklebia 1988 wlis maCvenebelze (ix. cxrili 10.1).
cxrili 10.1
ZiriTadi demografiuli maCveneblebi
(1000 kacze gaangariSebiT)
demografiuli
maCveneblebi
dabadebulTa
ricxovnoba
gardacvlilTa
ricxovnoba
bunebrivi mateba
qorwinebaTa ricxvi
ganqorwinebaTa ricxvi
1988w.
2000w.
2001w.
2002w.
2003w.
2004w.
2005w.
17,0
11,0
10,8
10,7
10,7
11,5
10,7
8,8
10,7
10,5
10,7
10,6
11,3
9,9
8,2
7,0
1,3
0,3
2,9
0,4
0,3
3,0
0,5
0,0
2,9
0,4
0,1
2,9
0,4
0,2
3,4
0,4
0,8
4,1
0,4
demografiuli situaciis gauaresebis kidev erTi mniSvnelovani maCvenebelia
mosaxleobis dabereba – moxucebulTa xvedriTi wilis zrda mosaxleobis saerTo
raodenobaSi. 65 welze ufrosi asakis mosaxleobis wilma saqarTveloSi Seadgina
13,3%, maSin roca 1995 wels 10,8% iyo.
cnobilia, rom atmosferuli haeris, wylisa da niadagis dabinZureba garkveul
zemoqmedebas axdens mosaxleobis janmrTelobaze.
42
2005 wels qveynis dasaxlebuli adgilebis sanitarul-epidemiologiuri
mdgomareoba kvlav aradamakmayofilebeli iyo. mosaxleobisaTvis miwodebuli sasmeli
wylisa da sakvebi produqtebis xarisxi yovelTvis ar Seesabameboda saxelmwifo
standartebs da sanitariul-epidemiologiur moTxovnebs. qveyanaSi arsebuli
sakanalizacio gamwmendi nagebobebis umetesoba amortizirebulia da Camdinare wylebi
gawmendis gareSe Caedineba Ria wyalsatevebSi, rac iwvevs Savi da kaspiis zRvebis
auzebis mdinareebis dabinZurebas, yovelive aRniSnuli ki warmoadgens nawlavuri da
infeqciuri daavadebebis gamovlinebebis mizezs.
mosaxleobis janmrTelobaze garemos ekologiuri faqtorebis SesaZlo
gavlenis Sefasebis mizniT ar ganxorcielebula saTanado kvlevebi. garemo
faqtorebis mosaxleobis janmrTelobaze SesaZlo mavne zegavlenis Sefasebis mizniT,
saWiroa garemos dabinZurebasa da mosaxleobis avadobas Soris zusti korelaciuri
kavSiris dadgena, rac damyarebuli unda iyos aRniSnuli sakiTxis mravalwliani
Seswavlis Sedegebze.
mosaxleobis intensiuri migracia da bunebriv-kerovani daavadebebis arseboba
gamoricxavs umravles infeqciur daavadebaTa sruli likvidaciis SesaZleblobas.
farTo saerTaSoriso saqmiani kavSirebi, turizmi, migrantebis da iZulebiT
adgilnacval pirTa masebi uaRresad afarToebs infeqciur daavadebaTa gavrcelebis
sazRvrebs. qveynis mier did saerTaSoriso proeqtebSi monawileoba, evropa-aziis
satransporto derefnis funqcionirebis dawyeba, moiTxovs laboratoriul
samsaxurebze dayrdnobili epidzedamxedvelobis sistemis gamarTuli muSaobis,
gadamdeb daavadebaTa (m.S. gansakuTrebiT saSiS infeqciur paTologiaTa) da sxvadasxva
axlad warmoSobili (m.S. “frinvelis gripi”) daavadebebis drouli aRmoCenis, maTi
gavrcelebis SezRudvis da/an kontrolis aucileblobas.
yovelive aRniSnuli saqarTveloSi xorcieldeboda “informaciuli sistemebis
uzrunvelyofis, epidzedamxedvelobisa da epidsituaciis marTvis saxelmwifo
programis” farglebSi.
programis realizaciam uzrunvelyo epidsituaciis aRricxvis gaumjobeseba da
ufro realuri asaxva, vidre gasul wlebSi.
saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministros
informaciiT 2005 wels dafiqsirda sakvebiTa da wyliT gadacemadi Semdegi saxis
infeqciebi:
• muclis tifi da paratifebi. 2005 wels saqarTveloSi muclis tifisa da
paratifebiT daavadebis SemTxvevebi ar aRricxula (2004 wels aRiricxa muclis
tifis erTi SemTxveva, q. TbilisSi, 5-14 wlis asakis). qveyanaSi bolo
aTwleulis ganmavlobaSi aRiniSneba muclis tifisa da paratifebis SemTxvevaTa
kleba.
1996-1999-2001-2002
wlebSi
gamovlenili
SemTxvevebi
aRiricxa
epidafeTqebebis dros. 1996 da 2002 wlebSi marneulis raionSi (35-12
SemTxveva), 1999 da 2001 wlebSi q. zugdidSi (77-59 SemTxveva). igive raionebi
kvlav rCeba muclis tifis SesaZlo epidafeTqebebis maRali riskis teritoriebad.
• sxva salmonelozuri infeqciebi. 2005 wels saqarTveloSi aRiricxa sxva
salmonelozuri infeqciebis 344 SemTxveva (incidentoba 7,9), 28,4%-iT meti,
vidre gasul 2004 (268 SemTxveva, incidentoba _ 6,2). 2005 wels sxva
salmonelozuri infeqciebi aRiricxa 9 mxaresa da qalaqSi. erovnul maCvenebelze
maRali incidentoba aqvs q. Tbiliss (11,8), qvemo qarTlisa (17,5) da mcxeTamTianeTis mxareebs (13,7).
• baqteriuli dizenteria (Sigelozi). 2005 wels saqarTveloSi aRiricxa
baqteriuli dizenteriis 310 SemTxveva (incidentoba 7,3), 49%-iT naklebi, vidre
wina 2004 wels (622 incidentoba 14,4). saangariSo wels incidentobis maRali
43
maCvenebeli aqvs (erovnulze maRali) samegrelos (17,1), qvemo qarTlis (12,9) da
imereTis mxareebs (9,9).
• nawlavTa sxva baqteriuli infeqciebi. 2005 wels saqarTveloSi daregistrirda
nawlavTa sxva baqteriuli infeqciebis 1072 SemTxveva incidentoba 24,7) 52,3%iT meti, vidre gasul 2004 wels (704 SemTxveva, incidentoba 16,3).
• 2005 wels qveyanaSi daregistrirda eSerixiozis 787 SemTxveva (incidentoba
18,2). asakobrivi ganawilebiT: 0-1 wlis _ 178; 1-4 wlis _ 258; 5-14 wlis _ 67.
(2004 wels aRiricxa 704 SemTxveva, incidentoba – 16,3). nawlavTA sxva
baqteriuli infeqciebis SemTxvevebis naxevarze meti modis ZiriTadad 0-1 da 1-4
wlis asakis bavSvebze, rac gamowveulia rogorc am asakobrivi kontigentis
maRali mimReblobiT, aseve maRali mimarTvianobiTac.
• savaraudod infeqciuri warmoSobis diareebi 2005 wels saqarTveloSi aRiricxa
am daavadebebis 7431 SemTxveva (incidentoba 171,6), 21,8%-iT meti, vidre gasul
2004 wels (6097 SemTxveva, incidentoba 140,8). incidentoba erovnul
maCvenebelze maRali iyo: aWaraSi (461,4); q. foTSi (439,9); imereTis (276,9),
raWa-leCxumis (249,0), qvemo qarTlisa (172,3) da samcxe-javaxeTis (136,1)
mxareebSi. aRniSnul mxareebSi savaraudod infeqciuri warmoSobis diareiT
mimdinare daavadebebis mateba aRiniSneba zafxulis TveebSi. amave dros,
adgilobrivi jandacvis specialistebis informaciiT, am regionebSi epidafeTqebebi
ar dafiqsirebula.
• 2005 wels saqarTveloSi aRiricxa virusuli hepatitebis 3427 SemTxveva, maT
Soris hepatiti A-s 889 SemTxveva. avadobis maCvenebeli 20,5. 2004 wels
aRiricxa hepatiti A-s 1444 SemTxveva, avadobis maCvenebeli 33,3. qveyanaSi A
hepatitiT avadobam saangariSo welSi mniSvnelovnad iklo. avadobis asakobrivi
maCvenebeli gadanawilebulia Semdegnairad: 0-14 wlamde asaki 507 SemTxveva,
avadobis maCvenebeli _ 59,9. 14 wlis zeviT _ 382 SemTxveva, avadobis
maCvenebeli 10,9. 1991-98 wlebSi avadobis klebis mizezs avadmyofTa
arasrulyofil aRricxvianobasTan erTad warmoadgens Tanxvdena avadobis cikluri
dawevis periodTan. 1991-2002 ww mosalodneli iyo avadobis mateba, A hepatitiT
avadobis mravalwliani ciklurobidan gamomdinare 2005 wels SemTxvevebis mateba
ar iyo mosalodneli, igi mniSvnelovnad naklebia vidre 2004 wels. 2005 wlis
ganmavlobaSi gauSifravi hepatitebis 1268 SemTxveva aRiricxa. virusuli
hepatitebis saerTo raodenobaSi (3427), gauSifrav hepatitebze modis 1268
SemTxveva _ 37.0%. 2004 welTan SedarebiT mkveTri mateba SemTxvevaTa
standartuli gansazRvrebebis danergviTaa gamowveuli, radgan wina wlebSi
xSirad, laboratoriuli an epidkavSiriT dadasturebis gareSe, SemTxvevebi
hepatitad aRiricxeboda.
saqarTvelo Tavisi geografiuli mdebareobiT warmoadgens koridors evropasa
da azias Soris. aRniSnuli garemoeba mniSvnelovnad zrdis msoflios sxvadasxva
qveyanaSi arsebuli, gansakuTrebiT saSiSi gadamtani daavadebebis Semotana-gavrcelebis
saSiSroebas.
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros informaciiT, saxelmwifoSi
xorcieldeba „epizootiis sawinaaRmdego RonisZiebebis“ miznobrivi programa.
aRniSnuli programis mizania Turqulis, jilexis, cofis sawinaaRmdego profilaqtikuri vaqcinaciis da brucelozisa da tuberkuliozis sadiagnostikod gamokvlevebis
Catareba; Turqulis, jilexis, cofis mimarT profilaqtikuri vaqcinaciis CatarebiT
qveyanaSi epizootiuri keTilsaimedobis miRweva-SenarCuneba, xolo brucelozisa da
tuberkuliozze diagnostikuri gamokvlevebis CatarebiT daavadebebis gavrcelebis
44
arealis dadgena da Sesabamisi veterinalur-sanitaruli da aRmkveTi RonisZiebebis
ganxorcieleba daavadebis ganxorcielebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT.
programis aucilebloba ganpirobebulia msoflios sxvadasxva da maT Soris
saqarTvelos mezobel qveynebSi Turqulis farTod gavrcelebis gamo, am daavadebebis
aRmZvrelis qveynis teritoriaze SemoWrisa da gavrcelebis didi saSiSroebaa
Seqmnili. saqarTveloSi registrirebulia jilexis 2000-ze meti stacionaruli
arakeTilsaimedo kera, mawanwala da gareuli cxovelebi warmoadgenen cofis
aRmZvrelis rezervuars. damSrobi sistemebis funqcionirebaSi Seqmnili problemebis
da lagodexis raionis tyeebis daWaobebis gamo SeiZleba warmoiqmnas malariis
gavrcelebis calkeuli kerebi.
Tavi 11
ekologiuri faqtorebis gavlena kulturuli
memkvidreobis SenarCunebaze
saqarTvelos
teritoriaze
arsebuli
istoriuli
da
kulturuli
memkvidreobis Zeglebis 85%-mde mZime mdgomareobaSia da ganicdis ekologiuri
faqtorebis uaryofiT zegavlenas. moZiebuli masalebi saSualebas gvaZlevs
mimovixiloT qveynis mxolod ramdenime regioni.
goris raionis sof. qvaxvrelSi mdebare ufliscixis istoriuli muzeumnakrZali savalalo mdgomareobaSia. miuxedavad imisa, rom ramdenime xnis win Zegls
msoflio bankis dafinansebiT safuZvliani gamagrebiTi samuSaoebi Cautarda, Zeglis
sicocxlis xangrZlivoba mokldeba. eqspertebis azriT, kldis gamofitva md. mtkvris
kalapotis Secvlam gamoiwvia, manamde mtkvari kldis udides masivs ekvroda. amis
gamo daingra unikaluri warmarTuli salocavi `mzisa da mTvaris oTaxi~.
wyaldidobis dros md. mtkvarma moSala Zeglze mdebare gvirabTan misasvleli gza da
mimdebare teritoria.
atenis `sionis` moxatulobasa da saxuravs sokos niSnebi gauCnda, xolo
samxreT kedels da saZirkvels saxuravidan Camonadeni wylis gamo Cangrevis
saSiSroeba emuqreba, misi gamagrebiTi da sarestavracio samuSaoebisaTvis Tanxebi
gamoyo saqarTveloSi amerikis SeerTebuli Statebis saelCom. mimdinareobs
sarestavracio samuSaoebi.
sokovani daavadebebi SeiniSneboda Sida qarTlisa da
mcxeTa-mTianeTis
raionebSi arsebul istoriul Zeglebze. mag.: sokos niSnebi SeiniSneba mcxeTis
seveticxovlis kedlebis zogierT fragmentze.
sarestavracio samuSaoebi utardeba yinwvisis samonastro kompleqss, agreTve
xorcieldeba jvris samonastro kompleqsis restavracia.
ganadgurebis piras misuli an ganadgurebuli Zeglebi. wlebis ganmavlobaSi
ekologiurma zemoqmedebam, kerZod, wvimebma, yinvebma, zogjer miwisZvrebma,
Rvarcofebma daangries, daSales da zogierT SemTxvevaSi, nangrevebad aqcies
mniSvnelovani eklesia-taZrebi, romlebic aRsadgeni da TiTqmis Tavidanaa asaSenebeli,
mag.: marto atenis xeobaSi aRsadgenia 26 istoriuli Zegli.
_ sof. dicSi (goris r-ni) mTavari angelozis saxelobis eklesia dangreulia;
_ sof. koSkebSi (goris r-ni) `tyupi saydari~ saWiroebs aRdgenas;
_ sof. zemo rieTSi (goris r-ni) `mwvane saydari~ aRsadgenia;
_ sof. axalubanSi (goris r-ni) zenqreulis RvTisSoblis saxelobis eklesia
dangreulia;
45
_ goris raionis sof. bardiaanTkarSi RvTisSoblis saxelobis eklesia
dangreulia;
_ goris raionis sof. karbSi wminda samebisa da wminda marines saxelobis
eklesiebi dangreulia;
_ goris raionis sof. qereSi wminda giorgis saxelobis da RvTisSoblis
saxelobis
eklesiebi
dangreulia;
gaTvaliswinebulia
adgilobrivi
TviTmmarTvelobiTi organoebis, kerZod Temis sakrebuloebis mier maTi erTi
nawilis aRdgena.
arqeologiuri eqspedicia iulon gagoSiZis xelmZRvanelobiT, awarmoebda
samuSaoebs qarelis raionSi, sadac mtkvris marcxena napirze gaSlil `dedoflis
mindorze~ arqeologebma miakvlies sruliad unikalur Zegls, romelsac analogi ar
gaaCnia saqarTveloSi. esaa qarTlis (iberiis) mefeTa sagvareulo samlocvelo _
qristeSobamde II saukuneSi, erTiani gegmiT aSenebuli uzarmazari sataZro
kompleqsi, romelic aerTianebs centraluri kvadratuli ezos garSemo ganlagebul
8 taZars. taxtiZiris samarovans mdinare recxavs, xolo `dedoflis mindors~
esaWiroeba konservacia, wvimisa da Rvarcofis uaryofiTi zemoqmedebisagan dacvis
mizniT.
qvemo qarTlis regionSi arsebobs asobiT Zegli, romlebmac droTa
ganmavlobaSi mravali faqtorebis zegavleniT dakarges pirvandeli saxe, es
ZiriTadad Seexo centralur gzebidan moSorebiT ganlagebul istoriul Zeglebs,
aRsaniSnavia, rom maTi movla XX saukunis bolomde ar warmoadgenda saxelmwifos
prioritets, da isinic stiqiur-ekologiuri faqtorebis zegavleniT (wvima, qari,
mewyeri, mcenareTa zemoqmedeba da sxva) TandaTanobiT ganadgurda an ganadgurebis
pirzea, magram unda aRiniSnos isic, rom rig SemTxvevaSi siSorem da adamianis
TvalTaxedvis areSi naklebad moxvedram zogierTi istoriuli Zegli dRemde moitana.
aRsaniSnavia isic, rom 2002 wels saxelmwifosa da eklesias Soris gaformebuli
xelSekrulebis safuZvelze saqarTveloSi yvela yofili eklesia an maTi naSTi
(nangrevebi) gadaeca mflobelobaSi eklesias, rac zRudavs saxelmwifos Carevas
aRniSnuli sakulto, istoriuli Zeglebis restavracia-konservaciis saqmeSi.
istoriul Zeglebze uaryofiTi zegavlenas axdenda rogorc anTropogenuri
(adamianis moRvaweoba), aseve stiqiuri (wminda ekologiuri) faqtorebi.
pirvel SemTxvevaSi gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia is istoriuli Zeglebi,
romlebic mdebareoben sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis zolSi, am SemTxvevaSi adamianis
SromiTi moRvaweoba istoriuli Zeglis siaxloves damRupvelad moqmedebs Zeglze,
faqtiurad aRar arsebobs gardabnis raionSi Tazaqendis yorRanebi. yovelwliuri
xvna-morwyvis procesma yorRanebis kvali waSala, arada gasuli saukunis 50-iani
wlebidan TazaqendSi mimdinareobda arqeologiuri gaTxrebi, romelmac brinjaos
xanis samarxebis gaTxris Sedegad mravali istoriuli nivTi SesZina q.rusTavis
muzeums. aseve waSlilia amave drois q. rusTavis Crdilo-aRmosavleT nawilSi
(sasaflaoebTan) mdebare CaTmis nasaxlari, aRar arsebobs q. rusTavis marjvena
sanapiroze, jer kidev 30-40 wlis winaT arsebuli, Sua saukuneebis xidis naSTebi.
intensiurma dasaxlebam srulad gaanadgura e.w. aleqseevkis yorRani da nasaxlari.
aseve sof. qesalosTan gasuli saukunis 50-60-ian wlebSi aRmoCenili marani.
marneulis raionSi dablobis, vakis soflebSi 90-iani wlebis axalmosaxleobas
Seewira aRqerfis, damias, wofis teritoriebze arsebuli istoriuli Zeglebis
naSTebi, srulad ganadgurda sof. sarTiWalaSi samgoris velis yorRanebi.
aRniSnulis garda, Zeglebi ganicdian stiqiur-ekologiur uaryofiT zegavlenas,
romlebic mdebareoben xeobebSi an tyian masivebSi, maTTan misasvleli gza an ar aris,
an dafarulia xSiri mcenareebiT. aseTebi gansakuTrebiT aris marneulis raionis
46
Sulaveriswylis xeobaSi, bolnisis raionSi foladauriswylis xeobaSi, TeTriwyaros
tyian zolSi da maRalmTian walkisa da dmanisis raionebSi. maTze ZiriTadad
moqmedebs iseTi bunebrivi movlenebi rogoricaa: wvima, qari, mewyeri, Rvarcofi da
sxva. am mizeziT yvelaze cudi mdgomareobaa Semdeg istoriul Zeglebze:
wuRruRaSeni, Tamaris xidi (bolnisis raioni), rkinis sadnobi Rumelebi foladauris
xeobaSi, laSa-giorgis qvabebi (gamoqvabulebi), qavazanis cixe, qveSis cixe, wm.
giorgis eklesia TeleTSi, foladauris wm. giorgis eklesia, sof. ratevanis eklesia,
samwveris eklesia, sof. qadanaxCis wm. giorgis da mariam RvTismSoblis eklesiebi,
qveSis eklesia dmanisSi, sof. boslebis eklesia, didi gomareTis eklesia, Sindlarisa
da pantianis eklesiebi, javaxis, sakires, sarkineTis, ukangoris, patara dmanisis
eklesiebi, daReTis, manglisis wm. giorgis, samSvildis cixec da eklesiac;
samRereTis vaSlovanis, farcxisis cixe da eklesiebi. yvela zemoT CamoTvlili
istoriuli Zegli an srulad, anda naxevrad dangreulia. aRniSnuli istoriuli
Zeglebis gadarCenis erTaderT saSualebas warmoadgens pirvel rigSi gzebis
mowesrigeba da sarestavracio samuSaoebis Catareba. es samuSaoebi moiTxoven sakmaod
did Tanxebs, amitom saWiroa specialistebis mier ganisazRvros am Zeglebis
turistul marSrutebSi CarTva da swori turistuli menejmentis saSualebiT
prioritetebis gamokveTa, mravalwliani sareabilitacio programis proeqtireba da
yvela aucilebel uwyebebTan SeTanxmebis Semdeg proeqtis etapobrivi ganxorcieleba.
rac Seexeba arqeologiur memkvidreobas _ qvemo qarTlSi es sakiTxi
gansakuTrebiT aqtualuria, TrialeTis yorRanebis gaTxris Semdeg, umniSvnelovanesia
dmanisis
naqalaqaris
gaTxrebi,
aq
moqmedebs
saerTaSoriso
mudmivmoqmedi
arqeologiuri centri, romelic dmanisis naqalaqarze awarmoebs sistematur
gaTxrebs. qvemo qarTlSi aseve moqmedebs rusTavis arqeologiuri eqspedicia, 2005
wels gaiTxara uZvelesi qalaqis naSTebi; TeTriwyaros arqeologiuri eqspedicia
amJamad TiTqmis ar funqcionirebs da uZvirfasesi 11 aTasamde arqeologiuri nivTi
TeTriwyaros mxareTmcodneobis muzeumSia daculi.
ekologiuri faqtorebidan mniSvnelovania, rom qvemo-qarTlis teritoriaze
gadis saerTaSoriso proeqtiT gaTvaliswinebuli navTobsadeni, romlis mSeneblobis
dros gaTvaliswinebuli iyo arqeologiuri samuSaoebic. qvemo qarTlSi navTobsadenis gaswvriv ar aRmoCnda arqeologiuri Zeglebi (arqeologiuri samuSaoebi
ZiriTadad TeTriwyaros, borjomis, axalcixis da adigenis raionebSi ganxorcielda).
qvemo qarTlis sami arqeologiuri eqspediciidan sruli datvirTviT
arqeologiur proeqtebs axorcielebs rusTavis da dmanisis arqeologiuri
eqspediciebi, xolo TeTriwyaros arqeologiuri eqspedicia ganadgurebis pirasaa.
aRniSnul problemas saWiroa mieqces gansakuTrebuli yuradReba adgilobrivi
xelmZRvanelobis mier, raTa daaxloebiT 11000 istoriuli nivTi jerovnad iyos
daculi, rac gulisxmobs saswrafo da gadaudebel sakonservacio samuSaoebs; aqve
inaxeba brinjaos periodis eqsponatebi, romlebic agreTve saWiroeben saswrafo
damuSavebas da gamofenas.
kaxeTis regioni. lagodexis raionis sofel ulianovkaSi gamovlenilia
brinjaos xanis samarxebi, romlebic ganlagebulia md. alaznis marcxena sanapiroze
2,5_3 ha. farTobiT. garda adgilobrivi mosaxleobis mier arqeologiuri obieqtebis
ganadgurebisa (mudmivad mimdinareobs e.w. ganZTmaZiebloba), mdinare alazanis mier
xdeba niadagis fenebis intesiuri gamorecxva, rac seriozul safrTxes uqmnis
unikalur arqeologiur obieqtebs. analogiuri mdgomareobaa sofel msxalgorSic.
sagarejos raioni. e.w „mlaSe tbebis teritoria“ aris arqeologiuri
TvalsazrisiT intensiuri zona, sadac 2005 wlis mdgomareobiT mosaxleobis mier
teritoriis sasaoflo-sameurneo daniSnulebiT gamoyeneba (e.w. plantaJiT niadagis
47
moxvna) dazianebisa da ganadgurebis safrTxes uqmnis Zv.w. IX_VIII ss qalaquri
tipis dasaxlebas. aseTive mdgomareobaa ivris zegansa da alaznispireTSi aTeulobiT
heqtarze gadaWimul arqeologiuri TvalsazrisiT aqtiur teritoriebze.
dasavleT saqarTvelos klimatis Warbi tenianoba uaryofiTad moqmedebs
kulturis Zeglebis mdgomareobaze, es ki zogadad aisaxeba eklesia-monastrebis
freskebze. aRsaniSnavia, rom Warbi tenianobis mavne zemoqmedebis sawinaaRmdegod
gansakuTrebuli RonisZiebebi ar Catarebula.
korcxelis yovladwminda RvTismSoblis taZari, romlis arqiteqtura
ganekuTneba adrefeodalur xanas, mdebareobs zugdidis raionis sofel korcxelis
teritoriaze, eklesia dgas gorakze da misi mimdebare teritoria Zlier
damewyrilia. 2004 wels sapatriarqosa da raionis ZeglTa dacvis samsaxurma
eklesiis irgvliv darges xeebi, TumcaRa mewyris done imdenad maRalia, rom mis
SesaCereblad da taZris dasacavad saWiroa saswrafo da maRalefeqturi
RonisZiebebis gatareba.
zugdidis raionis kulturis, ZeglTa dacvis samsaxurs saqarTvelos
kulturis ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis saministroSi wardgenili aqvs proeqti
taZris mimdebare teritoriis gamagrebiTi samuSaoebis profesiul doneze Catarebis
dasafinanseblad.
sofel anakliaSi (zugdidis raioni) mdebareobs XV_XVI saukuneebis
cixe_simagre, mudmivad mimdinareobs Zeglis gamorecxva mdinare enguris mier. Zeglis
40% ganadgurebulia bunebrivi faqtorebis zemoqmedebis Sedegad.
guriis mxaresa da aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis teritoriaze daucvelia
mniSvnelovani istoriuli Zegli cixisZiris `petras cixe”. kedlebi invaziuri
mcenareebiT, lianebiT da xavsebiTaa dafaruli. bunebrivi garemo ganicdis
anTropogenur zemoqmedebas. `petras cixis~ mniSvnelovani nawili daterasebulia da
limonis plantaciaa gaSenebuli. kedlebi mdidaria invaziuri saxeobebiT, romelTa
umravlesoba aRmosavleT aziuri warmoSobisaa. lianebidan aRsaniSnavia agresiuli
pueraria _ Ppueraria hirsuta, romelic Zalian swrafad izrdeba da mTlianad
faravs, rogorc xeebs, aseve Zvel nacixar kedlebs.
eroziul da mewyerul procesebs ganapirobebs `petras cixis~ zRvis
ferdobebze mSenebare magistralebi. momzadebulia proeqti aRniSnuli Zeglis
dacvisaTvis. safrTxis qveSaa aseve qobuleTis “fiWvnarisa” da “namWeduris” ubnebi,
diunuri dasaxlebebi. Aproblemas aqac mSeneblobebi, sanapiros aTviseba, inertuli
masalis mopoveba qmnis. aRniSnuli Zeglebis dacvis mizniT, qobuleTis daculi
teritoriebis mravalmxrivi teritoriis anu buferuli zonis zonirebis farglebSi
moqceulia “fiWvnari”, “namWeduri” da diunuri dasaxlebebi. aseTive mdgomareobaa
ozurgeTis raionis sofel natanebSi.
aRsaniSnavia raWa_leCxumisa da qvemo svaneTis mxarec, sadac kulturuli
memkvidreobis Zeglebs gansakuTrebul safrTxes uqmnis gaxSirebuli mewyeri da
intensiuri naleqebis Sedegad gamowveuli wyaldidobebi. aRniSnuli problemis
winaSe dgas mTeli rigi xeobebi.
agreTve savalalo mdgomareobaa duSeTisa da yazbegis raionebSic. ekologiuri
faqtorebis uaryofiT zegavlenas ganicdis Semdegi Zeglebi:
• mleTas “wm. giorgis” saxelobis XIX s.s. eklesia, romelic TiTqmis
srulad iyo dafaruli damewyrili miwiT.
• avenisis “wm. giorgis” saxelobis eklesia (IX_X s.s.), romlis
supstruqcia iSleba mdinare avenisis mavne zemoqmedebis gamo.
48
saqarTvelos kulturuli memkvidreobis Zeglebis 90%-is ZiriTad problemas
warmoadgens atmosferuli naleqebis siuxve da maTgan dacvis saSualebebis ar
ararseboba.
sayuradReboa is faqti, rom 2005 wels saqarTvelos kulturis, ZeglTa
dacvisa da sportis saministros mier dafinansda da ganxorcielda 60-mde, bunebrivi
procesebis mier ganadgurebis winaSe mdgari Zeglis sareabilitacio samuSaoebi.
aRniSnuli samuSaoebi gagrZeldeba Semdgom wlebSic.
Tavi 12
daculi teritoriebi
saministros daculi teritoriebis departamentis daqvemdebarebaSia kanoniT
damtkicebuli 4 erovnuli parki, 8 saxelmwifo aRkveTili, 15 saxelmwifo nakrZali
da 2 bunebis Zegli, romelic mimdinare etapze gaerTianebuli arian 17 direqciaSi.
departamentis daqvemdebarebaSi arsebuli daculi teritoriebis saerTo
farTobia 216 314 ha, xolo kanoniT gamocxadebulia 439 178 ha, rac qveynis
teritoriis 6%-s Seadgens. departamentis daqvemdebarebaSi arsebul dacul
teritoriebSi warmodgenilia saqarTvelos biomravalferovnebis mniSvnelovani
nawili. aq daaxloebiT 150 saxeobamde xe da buCqi izrdeba, romelTagan 31 endemuri
saxeobaa, xolo 40 – uZvelesi reliqti maT Soris 16 mesameuli periodisa. faunis
warmomadgenlebidan saqarTvelos dacul teritoriebSi registrirebulia 25
saxeobis amfibia da qvewarmavali, 40-mde saxeobis ZuZumwovari da 160 saxeobaze
meti frinveli. maT Soris bevria unikaluri da wiTel wignSi Setanili saxeobebi.
saministro erTiani saxelmwifo politikis gatarebiT axorcielebs am
unikaluri obieqtebis dacvas, aRdgenas da movlas. uzrunvelyofs bunebrivi
ekosistemebis SenarCunebas, riTac xels uwyobs qveynis ekologiuri usafrTxoebis,
biologiuri mravalferovnebis dacvasa da bunebrivi resursebis ekologiuri
potencialis gaZlierebas.
dacul teritoriebze da kerZod nakrZalebSi mecnier muSakTa meSveobiT
xorcieldeba bunebriv procesebze, iSviaT da gadaSenebis piras misul saxeobebze
mudmivi dakvirveba da maTi mdgomareobis safuZvlianad Seswavla. aRniSnuli monacemebi fiqsirdeba nakrZalebis mier yovelwliurad gamocemul bunebis matianeebSi.
nakrZalebSi samecniro muSaobis Sedegad gamocemulia naSromebis 7 tomi da
zogierTi nakrZalis samecniero SromaTa krebuli.
florisa da faunis dacvis RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebis mizniT dacul
teritoriebze mimdinareobs tyeebis dacvisa da SenarCunebis saqmianoba, sadac
xorcieldeba tyeebis gamokvleva paTologiuri kuTxiT, xanZarsawinaaRmdego
bilikebis mowyoba, bunebrivi ganaxlebis xelisSemwyobi RonisZiebebi, tyis
mavneblebisa da daavadebebis winaaRmdeg brZolis RonisZiebebi. wlis xanZarsaSiS
periodSi xdeba droebiTi mexanZre darajebis daqiraveba da mobilizacia. dacul
teritoriebze da mis damxmare zonaSi xorcieldeba ganuwyveteli reidebi da
patrulireba bunebrivi resursebis ukanonod mopovebis faqtebis gamosavlenad.
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi Sesrulebulia Semdegi samuSaoebi:
¾ momzadda kanonproeqti Tbilisis erovnuli parkis aRdgenis Sesaxeb;
¾ kolxeTis daculi teritoriebis Seqmnisa da marTvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos
kanonSi Setanil iqna cvlilebebi da damatebebi;
49
¾ momzadda cvlilebebi „daculi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb“ kanonSi;
¾ algeTis
saxelmwifo
nakrZalis
gafarTovebasTan
dakavSirebiT
teritoriebis gadmocemis sakiTxebi SeTanxmda TeTriwyarosa da walkis
raionis xelmZRvanelobasTan;
¾ WaWunas
saxelmwifo
aRkveTilis
gafarTovebis,
ganviTarebisa
da
infrastruqturis Seqmnis mizniT daiwyo holandieli partniorebisgan
finansuri daxmarebis gamoyofis procesi;
¾ momzadda da gagzavnilia dasamtkiceblad kolxeTis erovnuli parkis
menejmentis gegma;
¾ Catarda qobuleTis aRkveTilis teritoriisa da kolxeTis erovnuli
parkis teritoriis sademarkacio samuSaoebi;
¾ momzadda
winasaproeqto
dokumentacia
saxelmwifo
nakrZalebis
zonirebasTan dakavSirebiT;
¾ borjom-xaragaulis erovnuli parkis Semdgomi ganviTarebis mizniT
germaniis ganviTarebis bankidan gamoiyo damatebiTi investicia;
¾ niamoris reintroduqciasTan dakavSirebiT SerCeul iqna adgilebi borjomxaragaulis erovnul parkSi;
¾ dawyebulia savele samuSaoebi centralur kavkasionze msoflio bankis
proeqtis farglebSi daculi teritoriebis sazRvrebis gamoyofis mizniT;
¾ ganxorcielda aRmosavleT kavkasionis daculi teritoriebis sazRvrebis
demarkacia da dasrulda biomravalferovnebis Sefasebis samuSaoebi;
¾ Sedgenilia da gagzavnilia dasamtkiceblad daculi teritoriebis
departamentisa da saqarTvelos daculi teritoriebis debulebebi;
¾ momzadebulia da wardgenilia parlamentSi kanonproeqti mtiralas
erovnuli parkis Sesaxeb;
¾ momzadebulia kanonproeqti imereTis mRvimeTa kompleqsis Sesaxeb;
¾ momzadebulia rekonstruqciis proeqti saTaflias saxelmwifo nakrZalis
ganviTarebisaTvis.
Tavi 13
erovnuli meurneobis garemoze gavlenis
Taviseburebani
erovnuli meurneobis gavlena garemoze qveynis ama Tu im regionSi
damokidebulia rogorc gamoSvebuli produqciis wiliT saerTo moculobaSi, ise
warmoebebis profiliT da maTSi garemosdacviTi danadgarebisa da nagebobebis
arsebobasa da efeqturobaze.
saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministros informaciiT, 2005 wels
qveyanaSi funqcionirebda 187 msxvili, 407 saSualo da 2701 mcire samrewvelo
sawarmo. mrewvelobis produqciis struqtura saqmianobis saxeebis mixedviT
warmodgenilia diagramaze 13.1.
50
2005 wels mrewvelobis produqciis
stru qtura saqmianobis saxeebis mixedviT
damamuSavebeli
mrewveloba
23,8%
samTomopovebiTi
mrewveloba
6,7%
69,5%
eleqtroenergiis,
airisa da wylis
warmoeba da ganawileba
diagrama 13.1
gamoSvebuli produqciis moculobis mixedviT misi ZiriTadi mwarmoebelia q.
Tbilisi, qvemo qarTli, imereTi, samegrelo-zemo svaneTi da aWaris avtonomiuri
respublika. maTi wili saerTo moculobaSi Seadgens Sesabamisad 53,8%, 9,2%, 6,4%,
5,5 da 5,2%. am regionebSi moqmedeben garemos ZiriTadi damabinZurebeli sawarmoebi,
rogoricaa: navTobis mopovebisa da gamoxdis, asfalt-betonis, bunebrivi qvis
mopovebis da damuSavebis, cementis warmoebis, kirqvis, gajis, mineraluri sasuqebis,
sinTezuri amiakis, laq-saRebavebis mwarmoebeli, liTonuri madnis mompovebeli da
mrewvelobis sxva obieqtebi.
diagramaze 13.2 mocemulia atmosferuli haeris mavne nivTierebebiT damabinZurebeli ZiriTadi wyaroebidan mavne nivTierebaTa gafrqvevebis jamuri maCvenebeli
(naxSirorJangis gareSe).
2005 wels ekonomikis s xvad as xva s eqtorid an
atmos feroSi gafrqveuli mavne nivTierebebi
245,858
ga frq veu l i m a vn e
n ivT iereb eb i a T .t ./w el .
250,000
200,000
151,738
150,000
110,219
100,000
50,000
21,335
0
avtotransporti
energetika
mrewveloba
diagrama 13.2
51
soflis
meurneoba
rogorc 13.2 diagramidan Cans, atmosferos mTavari dambinZurebelia
avtotransporti da soflis meurneobis seqtori. mrewvelobis obieqtebis wili mavne
nivTierebebis saerTo wliur gafrqvevaSi mcirea da Seadgens 4%-s (21,335 aT. t.).
aRsaniSnavia, rom qveynis energetikuli balansis ararseboba ar iZleva atmosferoSi mavne nivTierebebis gafrqvevebis Sesabamisi sizustiT Sefasebis saSualebas.
q. Tbilisis atmosferuli haeris damabinZurebeli obieqtebia: asfast-betonis
qarxnebi (foniWalis #1 da avWalis #2), saSeni masalebis mompovebeli karierebi
(beliaSvilisa da bogdan xmelnickis quCebze), cementis sawarmoebi (libanis quCa da
lilos dasaxleba).
mimdinareobs cementisa da sxva mtverwarmomqmneli saSeni masalebis elevatorebisa da betonis nakeTobaTa sawarmoebis qalaqgareT gatana. arsebul sawarmoebSi
iseTi teqnologiebisa da gamajansaRebeli RonisZiebebis danergva, romelic
Seamcirebs garemosa da adamianis janmrTelobaze mavne zemoqmedebas. amitom qalaqis
teritoriaze arsebuli avtogasamarTi sadgurebis mepatroneebs, saxeldobr Sps
“kanargo standart oil”-s, “eko jorjia”-s, “rompetrol saqarTvelo”-s, “lukoil
jorjia”-s miecaT miwerilobebi-rekomendaciebis saxiT, avtogasamarTi sadgurebis
miwisqveSa rezervuarebze benzinis orTqlis gamauvnebeli filtrebis damontaJebis da
benzinis Casasxmeli avtomaturi “pistoletebi”-s gamoyenebis aucileblobis Taobaze.
aRniSnuli miwerilobis safuZvelze ramdenime benzogasamarT sadgurze damontaJda
aRniSnuli filtrebi, kerZod Sps “eko jorjia”-s or avtogasamarT sadgurze _
TamaraSvilis gamziri da sanapiros q. #6, Sps “lukoil jorjias”-s erT
avtogasamarT sadgurze _ kaxeTis gzatkecili, Sps “rompetrol saqarTvelo”-s erT
avtogasamarT sadgurze _ budapeStisa da nucubiZis quCebis gadakveTaze.
bunebrivi zedapiruli wylebis obieqtebSi Camdinare wylebTan erTad sul
Caedineba 517,5 mln.m3 mavne nivTierebebiT dabinZurebuli wyali. komunaluri
meurneobis mier CaSvebuli dabinZurebuli wylis raodenobam 2005 wels Seadgina
344.063 mln. m3. mrewvelobis seqtoris mier wylis obieqtebSi CaSvebul iqna 8.778
mln. m3 dabinZurebuli wyali.
13.3 diagramaze mocemulia 2005w. zedapirul wylebSi CaSvebuli mavne nivTierebebiT dabinZurebuli wylebis raodenoba, saidanac naTlad Cans, rom zedapiruli wylis resursebis ZiriTad damabinZurebels warmoadgens komunaluri meurneoba.
2005 wels zed apiruli wylis obieqtebSi
CaSvebuli mavne nivTierebebiT d abinZurebuli
wylis raod enoba
350
300
250
200
163.792
150
3
mln. m / weliwadSi
dabinZurebuli wyali,
344.063
100
8.778
50
0
e n e rge t ika
mr e wv e l o ba
ko mun al uri
me ur n e o ba
diagrama 13.3
52
bolo wlebis ganmavlobaSi, erovnuli meurneobis obieqtebis teritoriaze ar
xorcieldeba niadagis dabinZurebis monitoringi. samrewvelo obieqtebze wlebis
manZilze dagrovilia didi raodenobiT narCenebi, romlebic ganTavsebulia
warmoebebis teritoriaze da mtvris saxiT vrceldeba atmosferul haersa da
wyalSi. gansakuTrebiT unda aRiniSnos canas da uravis samTo qimiis qarxnebis
teritoriaze ganlagebuli toqsikuri narCenebi, romlebic inaxeba md. rionis piras
sam samarxSi da savalalo mdgomareobaSia.
Tavi
14
qimiuri saSualebebi
qveyanaSi qimiur nivTierebaTa warmoebis, transportirebis, eqsportis,
importis, tranzitis, Senaxvis, gamoyenebis, registraciis, xmarebidan amoRebis,
gauvnebelyofis da sxva sakiTxebi gansakuTrebul yuradRebas moiTxovs adamianis
janmrTelobisa da garemos usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofis mizniT.
cxrilebSi 14.1; 14.2; 14.3 warmodgenilia informacia qveyanaSi qimiur
nivTierebaTa deklarirebuli tranzitis, eqsportisa da importis Sesaxeb.
cxrili 14.1
saqarTveloSi 2005 wels qimiuri produqciis
deklarirebuli tranziti
sesn jgufi
an kodi
3102
3103
3104
380810
380820
380830
29
28
2903
4403
4407
293291000
293293000
291521000
292243000
291411000
2807
290911000
291412000
293332000
saqonlis dasaxeleba
sasuqi azotiani
sasuqi fosforiani
sasuqi kaliumiani
pesticidebi-inseqticidebi
fungicidebi
herbicidebi
organuli qimiuri naerTebi
araorganuli qimiis produqtebi
ozondamSleli
xe-tye 1
xe-tye 2
izosafroli
piperonali
ZmarmJavas anhidridi
antranilis mJava
acetoni
gogirdmJava koncentrirebuli
dieTilis eTeri
meTileTilketoni
piperidini
53
raodenoba, kg
763638
0
3936400
154626
118938
3375
15425249
387724597
76665
163564
828802
0
0
22070
0
20
2613080
4
0
0
toluoli 1
toluoli 2
qlorwyalbadmJava koncentrirebuli
fenilZmarmJava
290230
270720
280610000
291634000
0
0
216
0
wyaro: saqarTvelos finansTa saministro.
cxrili 14.2
eqsporti
saqonlis dasaxeleba
sasuqi azotiani
sasuqi fosforiani
sasuqi kaliumiani
fungicidebi
herbicidebi
ozondamSleli
xe-tye 1
xe-tye 2
izosafroli
piperonali
antranilis mJava
acetoni
dieTilis eTeri
meTileTilketoni
piperidini
toluoli 1
toluoli 2
fenilZmarmJava
sesn jgufi
an kodi
3102
3103
3104
380810
380820
380830
29
28
2903
4403
4407
293291000
293293000
291521000
292243000
291411000
2807
290911000
291412000
293332000
290230
270720
280610000
291634000
54
raodenoba,
kg
260566770
0
0
155
46407
24509
5600
6828432
0
382541
136886016
0
0
0
0
0
65000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Rirebuleba
aSS dolari
358338604
0
0
5662
145643
79990
367555
7359397
0
49443
13812715
0
0
0
0
0
8125
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
cxrili 14.3
importi
saqonlis dasaxeleba
1
sasuqi azotiani
sasuqi fosforiani
sasuqi kaliumiani
fungicidebi
herbicidebi
ozondamSleli
xe-tye 1
xe-tye 2
izosafroli
piperonali
antranilis mJava
acetoni
dieTilis eTeri
meTileTilketoni
piperidini
toluoli 1
toluoli 2
fenilZmarmJava
sesn jgufi
an kodi
2
3102
3103
3104
380810
380820
380830
29
28
2903
4403
4407
293291000
293293000
291521000
292243000
291411000
2807
290911000
291412000
293332000
290230
270720
280610000
291634000
raodenoba,
kg
3
223177
639800
123772
85814
967430
118333
5399912
34151881
67902
5724647
128296
0
0
92954
0
28079
3567038
40
273
0
100
0
369868
0
Rirebuleba
aSS dolari
4
32137
85940
16558
657449
3475122
463607
3522884
8924052
116084
632273
102897
0
0
157380
0
26054
385795
269
16936
0
203
0
40494
0
qimiur nivTierebaTa marTvis sistema Camoyalibebis procesSia. realurad
brunvaSi myof qimiur nivTierebaTa raodenobis, warmoebisa da asortimentis Sesaxeb
informacia arasrulia, radganac ar aris SemuSavebuli qimiuri nivTierebebis erTiani
saxelmwifo reestri. xolo rac Seexeba pesticidebsa da agroqimikatebs, arsebobs
maTi registraciis sistema da Sesabamisad saregistracio organo soflis
meurneobisa da sursaTis saministrosTan, romlis meSveobiTac xdeba pesticidebisa
da agroqimikatebis saxelmwifo katalogis SemuSaveba da damtkiceba arsebuli wesis
Sesabamisad. yovelwliurad mimdinareobs saregistracio samuSaoebi da Sesabamisad
katalogis gaaxleba. amdenad soflis meurneobaSi gamosayenebeli pesticidebisa da
agroqimikatebis aRricxva da Sesabamisi RonisZiebebis gatareba SedarebiT
mowesrigebulia. rasac ver vityviT samrewvelo qimiur nivTierebebze da sxva
sferoebSi gamoyenebul qimiur saSualebebze.
55
`licenziebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonis 24-e muxlis me-7
punqtis Sesabamisad SezRudulad brunvadi masalebis importis, eqsportis,
reeqsportis an tranzitis nebarTvis gamcemi administraciuli organoa saqarTvelos
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro.
SezRudulad brunvadi masalebi: nivTierebebi, nedleuli, produqcia, narCeni _
romlebic TavianTi aqtiuri Tvisebebis gamo gansakuTrebiT mavne zegavlenas axdenen
adamianis janmrTelobasa da garemoze, ris gamoc maTi brunva SezRudulia an
akrZalulia
saqarTvelos
teritoriaze.
mimdinareobs
aRniSnul
sakiTxTan
dakavSirebiT debulebis proeqtze muSaoba.
qveyanaSi qimiuri nivTierebebiT dabinZurebasTan dakavSirebiT ar arsebobs
Camoyalibebuli uwyveti monitoringis sistema. aRniSnuli mimarTulebiT Catarebuli
samuSaoebi uwyebrivi daniSnulebisaa da garkveuli programuli dafinansebis
farglebSia Catarebuli, rac umetes SemTxvevaSi ver iZleva sruli analizis
saSualebas Semdgomi RonisZiebebis ganxorcielebis mizniT. aRniSnulidan gamomdinare,
aucilebelia srulyofili monitoringis sistemis Camoyalibeba aseve aucilebelia
laboratoriuli qselis Seqmna da maTi aRWurva Tanamedrove standartis
xelsawyoebiT da teqnikuri saSualebebiT. saqarTveloSi moqmedi mxolod ramdenime
laboratoria pasuxobs Tanamedrove moTxovnebs.
adamianis janmrTelobaze zemoqmedebis da garemos dabinZurebis TvalsazrisiT
seriozul safrTxes warmoadgens qveynis terotoriaze arsebuli mdgradi organuli
damabinZurebelebi, risTvisac aucilebelia saTanado RonisZiebebis gatareba. am
problemis gadawyvetis mizniT stokholmis konvenciis farglebSi saqarTveloSi 2003
wels SemuSavda da damtkicda programa “mdgradi organuli damabinZureblebis
(POPs) Sesaxeb stokholmis konvenciis Sesrulebis erovnuli samoqmedo gegmis
momzadeba.” programa dafinansda globalur garemosdacviTi fondis (GEF)-is mier.
aRmasrulebel saagentod SerCeulia gaeros garemos ganviTarebis programa (UNDP).
programa ganxorcielda garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros
kordinaciiTa da xelmZRvanelobiT. stokholmis konvencia moicavs da aregulirebs
12 mdgrad damabinZurebels maTgan 9 pesticidia (aldrini, qlordani, ddt,
dildrini, endrini, heptaqlori, heqsaqlorbenzoli, mireqsi da taqsafeni).
aRniSnuli pesticidebi gamoiyeneboda soflis meurneobaSi mcenareTa da cxovelTa
mavne organizmebis winaaRmdeg. meore jgufi, razedac mimarTulia konvencia,
warmoadgens samrewvelo qimikatebs da cnobilia poliqlorirebuli bifenilebis
(PCB) saxelwidebiT, romlebic gamoiyeneba samrewvelo, eleqtrogamanawilebel,
sayofacxovrebo da sxva teqnikaSi. garda amisa, konvencia moicavs or jgufs,
romlebic winaswar daugegmavad warmoiqmnebian wvisa da zogierT samrewvelo
procesebSi, rogorc samrewvelo Tanaproduqtebi, esenia: dioqsinebi da furanebi.
proeqtis
mizani
iyo
stokholmis
konvenciiT
gaTvaliswinebuli
valdebulebebis Sesrulebis mdgradi erovnuli potencialisa da TanamSromlobis
meqanizmis Seqmna saqarTveloSi. proeqti iTvaliswinebda saqarTvelos teritoriaze
arsebuli
mod-ebis
inventarizacias,
mosaxleobis
informirebas
mod-ebTan
dakavSirebiT, inventarizaciis masalebis analizis safuZvelze erovnuli samuSao
gegmis SemuSavebas, sadac ganxiluli iqneba is prioritetebi da mimarTulebebi,
romelic unda gatardes saqarTveloSi, mod-ebis wyaroebis gaunebelyofisa da am
nivTierebebiT dabinZurebuli adgilebis marTvasTan dakavSirebiT konvenciis
moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.
proeqtis efeqturad ganxorcielebis mizniT programis farglebSi Seiqmna
sakordinacio sabWo kompetenturi saxelmwifo uwyebebisa da arasamTavrebo seqtoris
monawileobiT. gaeros wesebis Sesabamisad daqiravebulia saerTaSoriso da
56
adgilobrivi konsultantebi, inventarizaciis CatarebisaTvis regionebis mixedviT
Seqmnilia
samuSao
jgufebi,
romlebsac
CautardaT
saTanado
swavleba.
inventarizaciis procesSi personalis usafrTxoebis TvalsazrisiT SeZenilia saWiro
ekipireba, SerCeulia laboratoria, romelsac aqvs SesaZlebloba mod-ebis
SemcvelobasTan dakavSirebuli analizebis Catarebis da pasuxobs Tanamedrove
moTxovnas.
stokholmis konvencia miznad isaxavs narCenebis saxiT arsebuli mod-ebis
ganadgureba-likvidacias da gamoyenebaSi arsebuli mod-ebis maqsimalurad SezRudvas,
sabolood maT xmarebidan amoRebas. aseve mod-ebis rogorc Tanaproduqtebis garemoSi
gamoyofis Semcirebas da sabolood mis Sewyvetas.
Catarebulia inventarizaciis samuSaoebi. arsebuli informaciiT, winaswari
monacemebiT
aRricxulia
3000t-mde
vadagasuli
pesticidebi,
400t-mde
poliqlorirebuli bifenilebis Secveli zeTebi da dioqsinebisa da furanebis
wyaroebi. inventarizaciis samuSaoebi dasrulda da SemuSavda erovnuli samoqmedo
gegma.
qimiur nivTierebaTa marTvis samarTlebrivi baza:
•
•
saqarTvelos kanoni _ ”saSiSi qimiuri nivTierebebis Sesaxeb” 1998w.
saqarTvelos kanoni _ ”pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis Sesaxeb” cvlilebebi
da damatebebi 2005w.
• saqarTvelos kanoni _ ”garemos dacvis Sesaxeb” 1996w.
• saqarTvelos kanoni _ ”janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb” 1997w.
• saqarTvelos kanoni _ ”licenziebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb~ 2005w.
mniSvnelovania arsebuli samarTlebrivi baza qimiur nivTierebaTa marTvis
sferoSi, harmonizirebul iqnas evrogaerTianebis kanonmdeblobasTan arsebul
saerTaSoriso konvenciebis moTxovnaTa gaTvaliswinebiT.
stokholmis konvencia _ `mdgradi organuli damabinZureblebis (POPs) Sesaxeb”
saqarTvelom 2001 wels xeli moewera stokholmis konvencias mdgradi
organuli damabinZureblebis (POPs) Sesaxeb. rogorc cnobilia, aRniSnuli konvencia
miznad
isaxavs
narCenebis
saxiT
arsebuli
mod-ebis
(mdgradi
organuli
damabinZureblebis) ganadgureba-likvidacias da gamoyenebaSi arsebuli mod-ebis
maqsimalurad SezRudvas, sabolood maT xmarebidan amoRebas. aseve mod-ebis, rogorc
Tanaproduqtebis garemoSi gamoyofis Semcirebas da sabolood mis Sewyvetas.
stokholmis konvencia iTvaliswinebs, rogorc teqnikur, aseve finansur
daxmarebas ganviTarebadi da gardamavali ekonomikis qveynebis SesaZleblobaTa
potencialis gaZlierebisaTvis konvenciis moTxovnaTa danergvis mizniT. TiToeuli am
qveynisaTvis erovnuli samoqmedo gegmis Sedgenas SemdgomSi misi ganxorcielebiT.
stokholmis konvenciis farglebSi saqarTveloSi ganxorcielda programa
“mdgradi organuli damabinZureblebis (POPs) Sesaxeb stokholmis konvenciis
Sesrulebis erovnuli samoqmedo gegmis momzadebis” Sesaxeb. programa ganxorcielda
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros kordinaciiT.
mimdinareobs muSaoba konvenciis ratificirebis mizniT.
57
roterdamis konvencia - `calkeuli saSiSi qimiuri nivTierebebiTa da pesticidebiT
saerTaSoriso vaWrobis sferoSi winaswardasabuTebuli Tanxmobis proceduris
Sesaxeb”
roterdamis konvencia - `calkeuli saSiSi qimiuri nivTierebebiTa da
pesticidebiT saerTaSoriso vaWrobis sferoSi winaswardasabuTebuli Tanxmobis
proceduris Sesaxeb” miRebul iqna q. roterdamSi 1998 wlis 1 seqtembers. ZalaSi
Sevida 2004 wlis 24 Tebervals. aRniSnuli konvencia aregulirebs zogierTi saSiSi
qimiuri nivTierebebis saerTaSoriso vaWrobis normebs da procedurebs.
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro, Sromis, janmrTelobisa
da socialuri dacvis da soflis meurneobis saministroebTan erTad aqtiurad
TanamSromlobs konvenciis samdivnosTan. iRebs, ganixilavs da awvdis Sesabamis
informaciebs. monawileobas iRebs konvenciis farglebSi gamarTul SexvedrebSi.
roterdamis konvenciis “erovnul daniSnul organos” - (DNA) pesticidebis
marTvis sferoSi warmoadgens garemos dacisa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis
saministro, xolo samrewvelo qimiuri nivTierebebis marTvis sferoSi Sromis,
janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro.
unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelo ar aris aRniSnuli konvenciis wevri da am
sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT mimdinareobs konsultaciebi dainteresebul saministroebTan.
am etapze konvencia Targmnilia (gaeros ganviTarebis programis finansuri
mxardaWeriT) qarTul enaze da damowmebulia misi avTenturoba.
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministros informaciiT 2003 wlidan
sasuqebis gamoyenebisadmi midgomebi mTlianad Seicvala. 2005 wels soflis
meurneobaSi gamoyenebuli iqna 66,0 aT.tona azotiani sasuqi _ rusTavis “azotis”
mier warmoebuli amoniumis gvarjila da 2500 tona rTuli kompleqsuri sasuqi,
romelic Semotanil iqna kerZo importiorebis mier. rusTavis “azotis”
yovelwliuri warmadoba 300,0 aTas tonamdea, saidanac qveynis SigniT am etapze
gamoiyeneba 60-80 aTas tonamde. danarCeni raodenoba gankuTvnilia saeqsportod.
mniSvnelovania is faqti, rom bolo wlebSi SedarebiT racionalurad da
usafrTxod xdeba pesticidebis gamoyeneba. Tu 1990 wlamde qveyanaSi gamoiyeneboda
yovelwliurad 30-35 aTas tonamde pesticidi da SedarebiT didi iyo niadagis
datvirTvac, ukanasknel wlebSi mniSvnelovnad Semcirda misi qveyanaSi Semotana da
gamoyeneba. 2005 wels man 2000 tonamde Seadgina. aRsaniSnavia is garemoeba, rom
qveyanaSi Semodis axali Taobis maRalefeqturi pesticidebi, romelTa gamoyenebis
normebi
SedarebiT
dabalia,
Semcirda
saheqtaro
datvirTvac.
gamoikveTa
pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis importiori firmebi, romlebic iReben srul
pasuxismgeblobas produqciis xarisxze. aman mniSvnelovnad Seamcira aralegaluri
gziT pesticidebis Semotana.
saqarTveloSi yvela pesticidi da agroqimikati, romelic gamoiyeneba soflis
meurneobaSi, eqvemdebareba aucilebel registracias. registraciamde igi mowmdeba
biologiur
efeqturobaze,
utardeba
ekologiuri
da
sanitarul-higienuri
eqspertiza, aRniSnuli procedurebis gavlis Semdeg gaicema saregistracio mowmoba
da pesticidis savaWro dasaxeleba Sedis saqarTveloSi gamosayeneblad nebadarTuli
pesticidebis saxelmwifo katalogSi. magram, aqve isic unda aRiniSnos, rom
fermerebisa da mosaxleobis dabali msyidvelobiTi unarianobisa da pesticidebis
siZviris gamo, sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebiT dakavebuli farTobis mxolod 3035% muSavdeba, ris gamoc mniSvnelovania mosavlis danakargebi da dabalia
produqciis xarisxic.
rac Seexeba pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis Senaxvas, aRsaniSnavia, rom
qveyanaSi ar xdeba centralizebuli wesiT pesticidebisa da sasuqebis Semotana.
58
“soflqimiis” sistemaSi arsebuli rkinigzispira sawyobebi amortizirebulia da
TiTqmis yvela dangreulia. faqtiurad isini aRar arseboben.
im raodenobis pesticidebisa da sasuqebis Senaxva, romelic dRes
saqarTveloSi Semodis, ZiriTadad xdeba importiorTa sawyobebSi. realizacia
umeteswilad warmoebs maTi uSualo gamoyenebis periodSi da im mcire raodenobas,
romlic fermerebs rCebaT, inaxaven sakuTar saTavsoebSi.
ufro seriozuli problemaa adreul wlebSi Semotanili vadagasuli da
xmarebisaTvis uvargisi pesticidebi, romelTa narCeni raodenoba 3057 tonamdea.
aqedan: iaRlujis poligonze ganTavsebulia 2700 tona, danarCeni ki regionebSi
yofil uvargis da amortizirebul sawyobebSi inaxeba.
sasuqebisa da pesticidebis Senaxva-gamoyenebis, niadagis nayofierebis
amaRlebisa da misi dacva-SenarCunebis gaumjobesebis uzrunvelsayofad 2005 wels
soflis meurneobis saministros mier momzadebuli da miRebuli iqna Semdegi
normatiuli aqtebi:
1.
agroqimikatebis Semotanis, Senaxvis, realizaciisa da racionaluri
gamoyenebis wesebi;
2.
niadagis nayofierebis donis gansazRvris debuleba;
3.
niadagis konservaciisa da nayofierebis monitoringis debuleba;
4. niadagis eroziisagan dacvis kompleqsur RonisZiebaTa rekomendaciebi;
5.
2005-2009
wlebSi
gamosayeneblad
nebadarTuli
pesticidebis
saxelmwifo katalogi;
6.
cvlilebebi saqarTvelos kanonSi “mcenareTa mavne organizmebisagan
dacvis Sesaxeb”;
7.
cvlilebebi saqarTvelos kanonSi “pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis
Sesaxeb”
8.
cvlilebebi saqarTvelos kanonSi “sasoflo-sameurneo karantinis
Sesaxeb”.
sasuqebisa da pesticidebis efeqturi da racionalurad gamoyenebis, aseve
niadagis dacvisa da nayofierebis amaRlebis uzrunvelsayofad fermerebisa da sxva
miwaTmoqmedTa dasaxmareblad momzadda da daibeWda sxvadasxva rekomendaciebi da
instruqciebi.
1.
kompleqsuri rTuli sasuqi “amofosi”.
2.
kompleqsuri rTuli sasuqi “diamofoska”.
3.
kompleqsuri rTuli sasuqi NPK.
4. kompleqsuri rTuli sasuqi “kristaloni”.
5.
“tenso koqteili” da misi gamoyeneba soflis meurneobaSi.
6.
sulfat amoniumi da misi efeqturoba.
7.
niadagebis eroziisagan dacvis rekomendaciebi.
8.
fermeris cnobari.
mimdinareobs samuSaoebi sxvadasxva normatiuli aqtebis SemuSavebis mizniT,
romlebic dakavSirebulia pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis saregistracio gamocdasa
da registraciasTan, pesticidebisa da agroqimikatebis xarisxis SemowmebasTan,
minuSebis aRebis meTodikasTan, axali agroqimikatebis registraciasTan.
59
Tavi 15
narCenebi
saqarTveloSi, iseve rogorc sxva qveynebSi, garemoze da adamianis
janmrTelobaze mavne zemoqmedebis TvalsazrisiT erT-erT seriozul garemosdacviT
problemas warmoadgens _ narCenebi. kerZod, misi utilizacia, gauvnebloba,
ganadgureba, usafrTxo ganTavseba. yovelive aRniSnuli did finansur da SromiT
resursebTan aris dakavSirebuli.
arsebuli monacemebi narCenebis warmoSobis, gamoyenebis, gauvneblobis,
gadamuSavebisa da ganTavsebis Taobaze ar aris srulyofili, vinaidan narCenebis
statistikuri aRricxvis sistema Camoyalibebuli ar aris da 1988 wlis Semdeg
aRricxva ar Catarebula. mdgomareobas arTulebs “narCenebis Sesaxeb” kanonis
ararseboba (proeqti SemuSavebulia da ganxilvis stadiaSia)
1988 wlis monacemebiT saqarTveloSi yvela tipis narCenebis raodenoba (garda
myari sayofacxovrebo narCenebisa) 64,5 mln. tonas Seadgens. 70% wiaRiseuli
resursebis mopovebisa da gadamuSavebis narCenia, 30%
metalurgiuli, saSen
masalaTa, manqanaTmSeneblobis, qimiuri da navTobqimiuri mrewvelobis da sxva
dargebis narCenebia, xolo maT Soris 2% toqsikuri narCenia. Mes narCenebia
hidridebi,
galvanuri
Slamebi,
kobaltSemcveli
mtveri,
dariSxanSemcveli,
nikelSemcveli, navTobSemcveli, fosforSemcveli, qlorSemcveli, cianSemcveli,
gadamuSavebuli eleqtrolitebi, saRebavebisa da emalis Semcveli, mJave gudroni da
sxva.
myari sayofacxovrebo narCenebi
arsebuli informaciiT qveynis masStabiT myari sayofacxovrebo narCenebis
yovelwliuri moculoba Seadgens daaxloebiT 5,5 mln. m3.
regionaluri sammarTveloebis mier warmodgenili informaciiT, sul
aRricxulia 69 nagavsayreli, romelTa mier dakavebuli farTobi Seadgens
daaxloebiT 300 heqtars. 51 nagavsayrelis teritoria gamoyofilia Sesabamisi
samxareo administraciis an raionuli gamgeobis dadgenilebis safuZvelze, magram
arcerTs ar gaaCnia nagavsayrelis mowyobis proeqti. maTi umravlesoba gadavsebulia.
arcerTi nagavsayreli ar pasuxobs garemosdacviT da sanitariul moTxovnebs
da normebs. maTTvis ar aris gansazRvruli moqmedebis vada, darRveulia myari
narCenebis nagavsayrelebisadmi wayenebuli moTxovnebi.
dReisaTvis praqtikulad dadgenili ar aris, Tu ra gavlenas axdens qveynis
teritoriaze ganlagebuli nagavsayrelebi adamianis janmrTelobasa da garemoze
(Camonadeni wylis Semadgenloba, niadagis, gruntis wylebis da a.S. dabinZureba mavne
nivTierebebiT).
unda aRiniSnos, rom narCenebi nagavsayrelebze gadis yovelgvari daxarisxebis
gareSe. sayofacxovrebo narCenebTan erTad aq gvxvdeba sxva saxis narCenebi (mag.
samrewvelo, samSeneblo, samedicino narCenebi, toqsikuri da sxva). nagavsayrelebis
teritoriaze umeTvalyureod mitovebuli saxifaTo da toqsikuri narCenebi garemos
dabinZurebis seriozul keras warmoadgenen. maTi umravlesoba Seicavs advilad xsnad
toqsikur naerTebs, romlebic atmosferuli naleqebis meSveobiT advilad xvdebian
gruntis wylebSi da abinZureben maT.
narCenebis ganTavseba xdeba qalaqis SemogarenSi ganlagebul gldanis da
iaRlujis nagavsayrelze. aRniSnuli nagavsayrelebi garemos dabinZurebis aqtiuri
60
wyaroa, sadac darRveuli garemosdacviTi da sanitariuli normebi, wesebi da
moTxovnebi.
gldanis nagavsayreli mdebareobs Tbilisis CrdiloeTiT, mcxeTis raionis
teritoriaze, didvakis xevis marjvena mxares, wyalgamtari koleqtoris Tavze,
romlis farTobi Seadgens 8 ha-s. aRniSnuli teritoria nagavsayrelisaTvis
gamoyofilia saqarTvelos ssr ministrTa sabWos 19.04.71w. #198 gadawyvetilebiT
da eqspluataciaSi Sevida 1972 wels. yovelwliurad nagavsayrelze Sedis 650 aTasi
m3 narCeni, dRemde ki ganTavsebulia 20 mln m3 narCeni. ganTavsebuli narCenebis
minimaluri simaRle Seadgens 8 m-s, saSualo _ 12 m-s, xolo maqsimaluri _ 20 m-s.
iaRlujis nagavsayreli mdebareobs Tbilisidan 22 km-is daSorebiT, marneulis
raionis teritoriaze, q. rusTavis maxloblad, iaRlujis mTaze, romlis farTobi
Seadgens 5 ha-s. teritoria nagavsayrelisaTvis gamoyofilia saqarTvelos ssr
ministrTa sabWos 12.08.85w. #534 dadgenilebiT da eqspluataciaSi Sevida imave
wels. marneulis gamgeobis 2003 wlis 16 maisis #5/30 da q. Tbilisis mTavrobis
#05.19.82 09.09.2004w. dadgenilebiT eqspluataciis vada gagrZelebulia 2009
wlis bolomde. yovelwliurad nagavsayrelze gadis 550 aTasi m3 narCeni, xolo
dRemde ganTavsebulia 12 mln m3 narCeni. ganTavsebuli narCenebis minimaluri simaRle
Seadgens 3 m-s, saSualo 8 m-s, xolo maqsimaluri _ 10 m-s.
Seswavlil iqna gldanis nagavsayreli da SemuSavebul iqna rekomendaciebi
darRvebebis aRmosafxvrelad.
narCenebis
gadamuSaveba
praqtikulad
ar
mimdinareobs.
TbilisSi
funqcionirebda gldanis nagavgadamamuSavebeli da foniWalis nagavsawvavi qarxana.
gldanis nagavgadamamuSavebeli qarxana eqspluataciaSi Sevida 1983 wels da
awarmoebda narCenebis bioTermuli meTodiT gadamuSavebas. foniWalis nagavsawvavi
qarxana iyo Cexuri sistemis da eqspluataciaSi Sevida 1978 wels. sanam
funqcionirebda nagavgadamamuSavebeli da nagavsawvavi qarxnebi, muSavdeboda 0,43 mln
m3 narCeni weliwadSi, xolo danarCeni iyreboda nagavsayrelebze. 1991 wlidan orive
qarxnis funqcionireba Sewyvetilia, mwyobridanaa gamosuli agregatebi da aRdgenas
ar eqvemdebareba.
aRniSnulidan
gamomdinare,
myari
sayofacxovrebo
narCenebis
marTvis
gaumjobesebis mizniT erT-erT mniSvnelovan sakiTxs warmoadgens, maTi gadamuSavebis,
gauvnebelyofis da ganTavsebis Tanamedrove teqnologiebis danergva da am mizniT
saTanado investiciebis mozidva. aucilebelia am mimarTulebiT gaaqtiuros muSaoba
qalaqis meriis Sesabamisma samsaxurebma, visac uSualod evaleba narCenebis
menejmenti, muSavdeba q. Tbilisis narCenebis marTvis koncefcia.
aRsaniSnavia, rom BP-is (romelic awarmoebs BTC milsadenis mSeneblobas),
garemos
dacvisa
da
bunebrivi
resursebis
saministros,
qalaqis
meriis
urTierTSeTanxmebis safuZvelze gadawyda iaRlujis nagavsayrelis keTilmowyobis
samuSaoebis ganxorcieleba. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT BP-s mier SemuSavda proeqti,
romelic iTvaliswinebs sadrenaJo sistemis, wyalgamwmendis, misasvleli gzebis
mowyobas, SemoRobvas teritoriaze arsebuli narCenebis kompaqturad ganTavsebas da
dafarvas miwis feniT, damxmare saTavsoebis aSenebas da manqana-meqanizmebis SeZenas.
BP-s mier dawyebuli keTilmowyobis saproeqto samuSaoebi Seferxda usafrTxoebis
normebis dacvasTan dakavSirebiT. sakiTxi ganxilvis procesSia.
gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia is faqti, rom BP-sTan aseve miRweulia SeTanxmeba,
q. TbilisisaTvis Tanamedrove standartebis Sesabamisi nagavsayrelis mowyobasTan
dakavSirebiT. aseve ganixileba saxifaTo narCenebis poligonis mowyobis sakiTxi.
61
unda aRiniSnos, rom zogadad rogorc TbilisSi, ise regionebSi da raionebSi
moqmedi nagavsayrelebi ar pasuxoben garemosdacviT da sanitarul moTxovnebs da
normebs, kerZod:
_ nagavsayrelebis umravlesoba mdinareebis pirasaa ganlagebuli. atmosferuli
naleqebisa da wyaldidobis dros adgili aqvs mdinareSi Carecxvis faqtebs.
_ nagavsayrelebi ar aris SemoRobili da daculi, ris Sedegad adgili aqvs
nagavsayrelebis mTel teritoriaze pirutyvisa da adamianebis Tavisufal
gadaadgilebas. nagavsayrelze gamokvebili pirutyvi daavadebis gamomwvevi
baqteriebis potenciuri matarebelia.
_ zogierT nagavsayrelze warmoebs narCenebis datkepna, xolo saizolacio
miwis feniT dafarva xdeba iSviaTad.
_ TviTaalebisa da wvis (xanZris) SemTxvevebis Tavidan asacileblad
nagavsayrelebs
ar
gaaCniaT
narCenebis
dasanotivebeli
brunviTi
wyalmomaragebis sistema, ris Sedegadac zafxulis TveebSi xSirad adgili
aqvs aalebiT procesebs. es gansakuTrebiT awuxebs im dasaxlebuli punqtebis
macxovreblebs, sadac axlos aris ganlagebuli nagavsayrelebi.
_ ar arsebobs nagavsayrelebis gaswvriv mwvane zona, agreTve miwisqveSa
wylebis kontrolisaTvis sinjis asaRebi Surfebi, Webi, an WaburRilebi.
samrewvelo narCenebi
samrewvelo
narCenebi
ganTavsebulia
sawarmoebis
da
mis
mimdebare
teritoriebze, sadac daculi ar aris garemosdacviTi moTxovnebi, ris gamoc
aRniSnuli narCenebi abinZureben garemos da safrTxes uqmnian adamianis
janmrTelobas. mrewvelobis seqtoris sruli datvirTviT muSaobis dros
gansakuTrebiT didi raodenobis narCenebi warmoiqmna da dabinZurebis kerebi gaCnda
iseT samrewvelo qalaqebSi, rogoricaa rusTavi, quTaisi, zestafoni, bolnisi da
sxva,
sadac
metalurgiuli,
feroSenadnobTa
qarxnebidan,
samTomompovebeli
kombinatidan da sxva sawarmoebidan, mravali aTasi tona samrewvelo narCeni (wida,
damuSavebuli da fuWi qanebis gadanayrebi da sxva) dagrovda, ris Sedegadac am
sawarmoebis mimdebare teritoriebi mravali wlis ganmavlobaSi formirdebodnen,
rogorc toqsikuri elementebis momatebuli koncentraciebis geoqimiuri provinciebi.
poligonebis
simZlavre, sadac mimdinareobda samrewvelo narCenebis
dasawyobeba, samrewvelo sawarmoebis sruli moculobiT muSaobisas TandaTanobiT
izrdeboda. samrewvelo seqtoris moculobis Semcirebis gamo am procesis
intensivoba Senelda, Tumca mosaxleobis janmrTelobis mdgomareobaze maTi
zegavlenis saSiSroeba kvlav arsebobs. AaRniSnul poligonebze arsebuli narCenebi
atmosferuli naleqebis, maTi samrewvelo da sayofacxovrebo daniSnulebiT meoradi
gamoyenebisa da sxva procesebis gamo garkveul gavlenas axdenen haeris, niadagis,
miwisqveSa da zedapiruli wylebis toqsikuri elementebiT (manganumi, TuTia,
spilenZi, nikeli, tyvia, vercxilswyali da sxva) dabinZurebaze.
samrewvelo narCenebis marTvis sistema mosawesrigebelia da saWiroebs
gansakuTrebul yuradRebas, radganac sakmaod didi raodenoba toqsikur narCens
warmoadgens (80-iani wlebis monacemebiT daaxloebiT 2 mln tonamde). saqarTvelos
mTel teritoriaze ar arsebobs samrewvelo narCenebis nagavsayrelebi. samrewvelo
narCenebi
ganTavsebulia
an
sawarmos
teritoriaze
an
sayofacxovrebo
nagavsayrelebze. gansakuTrebiT aRsaniSnavia sawarmoebis is nawili, romelic
dResdReobiT gaCerebulia an Secvlili aqvs profili, magram
gaaCnia Zveli,
akumulirebuli narCeni. aRniSnuli problemis efeqturad gadawyvetis mizniT
62
aucilebelia Catardes inventarizacia, romelic saSualebas mogvcems daigegmos maTi
utilizacia-gauvneblobis konkretuli RonisZiebebi.
gansakuTrebul safrTxes warmoadgens saqarTvelos teritoriaze yofili
sabWoTa kavSiris samxedro nawilebis, samxedro poligonebisa da sxva sawarmoo
nagavsayrelebis teritoriebze yovelgvari kontrolisa da aRricxvis gareSe
mitovebuli maRaltoqsikuri narCenebi, feTqebadi nivTierebebi da sxva mavne
narCenebi. amis naTel magaliTs warmoadgenda sxvadasxva samxedro bazebze arsebuli
Txevadi sawvavi komponentebi `melanJi” da `samini” (1000 t-ze meti), romlebic did
safrTxes uqmnida adamianis janmrTelobas da garemos. aRniSnulTan dakavSirebiT
SemuSavda
am
nivTierebebis
gauvneblobis
programa,
romelic
nawilobriv
dafinansebul iqna saqarTvelos biujetidan da nawilobriv donori qveynebis mier.
samuSaoebi dasrulda 2001 wels da mTlianad gauvnebelyofil iqna aRniSnuli mavne
nivTierebebi. euTo_s dafinansebiT ganxorcielda programa ”axalcixe-axalqalaqis
regionSi yofili samWoTa samxedro bazebis garemoze zemoqmedebis Seswavla,
saxifaTo narCenebis neitralizacia da dabinZurebuli teritoriebis reabilitacia,
rogorc ekologiur-socialuri stabilizaciis faqtori”.
miuxedavad amisa, aucileblobas warmoadgens mTlianad saqarTvelos
teritoriaze
yofili
sabWoTa
kavSiris
samxedro
bazebis
poligonebze
maRaltoqsikuri narCenebis detaluri aRricxva-inventarizaciis Catareba, maTi
identifikacia da utilizaciisa da gauvneblobis RonisZiebaTa proeqtebisa da
programebis SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba. aseve dabinZurebuli teritoriebis
reabilitaciis programebis Sedgena-ganxorcieleba.
seriozul problemas warmoadgens ambrolauris raionis sof. uravis da
lentexis raionis sof. canas dariSxanis sabados gadamuSavebis Sedegad miRebuli da
amJamad mitovebuli narCenebi. rogorc cnobilia, aRniSnuli sawarmoebis mier
warmoebuli produqcia sabWoTa kavSiris arsebobis periodSi gamoiyeneboda, rogorc
samxedro, aseve samoqalaqo mizniT. amJamad am teritoriebze mitovebulia 100 000
tonamde samTo qimiuri gadamuSavebis narCenebi, romliTac dabinZurebulia garemo da
Sesabamisad seriozuli safrTxe eqmneba adamianTa janmrTelobas, ris gamoc did
SeSfoTebas gamoTqvams adgilobrivi mosaxleoba. am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT
saministroSi SemuSavebulia am narCenebis utilizacia-gauvnebelyofis programis
proeqti.
unda aRiniSnos, rom saqarTveloSi ar arsebobs saxifaTo narCenebis moqmedi
samarxi. xazi unda gaesvas im faqts, rom rusTavis maxloblad iaRlujis mTaze
ganTavsebulia
sasoflo-sameurneo
Sxamqimikatebis
samarxi.
sadac
arsebuli
informaciiT ganTavsebulia 2 600 tonamde toqsikuri narCeni. samarxi 1986 wlidan
daxurulia, magram is Zalzed cud mdgomareobaSia, ar aris SemoRobili da daculi,
sadac Tavisuflad gadaadgildeba pirutyvi, aseve mosaxleobis mier samarxidan xdeba
metaluri taris amoReba.
zemoaRniSnulidan gamomdinare, saWiroa arautilizirebadi saxifaTo narCenebis
usafrTxo ganTavsebis da damarxvis mizniT gamonaxuli iqnes saTanado teritoria da
moewyos samarxi Tanamedrove garemosdacviTi moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
seriozul problemas warmoadgens satransporto narCenebis marTva, maT Soris
naxmari akumulatorebi, saburavebi, zeTebi. xSiria kustarulad maTi meoradi
gamoyeneba da gadamuSaveba, sadac daculi ar aris garemosdacviTi normebi da
moTxovnebi. ar aris mowesrigebuli biologiuri da klinikuri narCenebis marTvis
sistemebi. ar aris danergili am sferoSi am saxis saxifaTo narCenebis gauvneblobis
teqnologiebi.
63
narCenebis marTvis samarTlebrivi baza:
•
•
•
•
•
saqarTvelos kanoni _ `garemos dacvis Sesaxeb" 1996w.
saqarTvelos kanoni _ `licenzirebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb" 2005w.
saqarTvelos kanoni _ `janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb" 1997w.
“saqarTvelos sanitariuli kodeqsi” 2003w.
saqarTvelos kanoni `saqarTvelos teritoriaze narCenebis tranzitisa da
importis Sesaxeb saqarTvelos respublikis kanonSi cvlilebebisa da
damatebebis Setanis Taobaze"; 1997w.
• bazelis konvencia `saxifaTo narCenebis transsasazRvro gadazidvisa da maT
ganTavsebaze kontrolis Sesaxeb".
• sxvadasxva saministroebisa da uwyebebis mier miRebuli kanonqvemdebare
normatiuli aqtebi.
kanoni `narCenebis Sesaxeb” ar aris miRebuli. ris gamoc narCenebis marTvaSi
monawile uwyebebs Soris kompetenciebi ar aris gansazRvruli da gamijnuli. xSirad
funqcionaluri gadanawileba davis sagania. adgili aqvs saxelmwifo marTvaSi
dublirebas da paralelizms. dRemde ar arsebobs narCenebis aRricxvis angariSgebis
da saxelmwifo kontrolis erTiani sistema, aseve ar aris SemuSavebuli marTvis
ekonomikuri meqanizmebi.
SemuSavda kanonproeqti `narCenebis Sesaxeb", romelic ganxilvis stadiaSia.
aseve SemuSavebis procesSia `saqarTvelos teritoriaze narCenebis tranzitisa da
importis regulirebis procedurisa da wesis Sesaxeb” debulebis proeqti
`saqarTvelos respublikis
teritoriaze narCenebis tranzitisa da importis
Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos respublikis kanonSi cvlilebebisa
da damatebebis Setanis
Taobaze” kanonis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad.
bazelis konvencia _ “saxifaTo narCenebis transsasazRvro gadazidvasa da maT
ganTavsebaze kontrolis Sesaxeb”
saqarTvelos prezidentis 1999 wlis 4 maisis #232 brZanebulebis Tanaxmad,
saqarTvelo SeuerTda 1989 wels q. bazelSi xelmoweril konvencias “saxifaTo
narCenebis transsasazRvro gadazidvebisa da maT ganTavsebaze kontrolis Sesaxeb”.
aRsaniSnavia, rom konvencia iTvaliswinebs sawevro Sesatans gaerTianebuli
erebis nixris mixedviT.
saqarTveloSi bazelis konvenciis saxelmwifo
kompetentur organos
warmoadgens garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resusebis saministro.
am TvalsazrisiT garkveuli muSaoba aris gaweuli saqarTvelos finansTa
saministros daqvemdebarebaSi myof sabaJo departamentTan da aseve yofil
Semosavlebis saministrosTan erTad. kerZod, miwodebuli iyo saxelmZRvanelo
masalebi, romlebic asaxavda arsebuli konvenciis moTxovnebs. amgvari saxis masalebi
aseve dagzavnili iyo Sinagan saqmeTa saministrosa da uSiSroebis saministroSi.
konvenciis samdivnos droulad da xarisxianad waredgineba wliuri angariSebi,
qveyanaSi Semosuli da mis teritoriaze gavlili narCenebis saxeobebisa da
raodenobis Sesaxeb, rac konvenciis mxareTa mier valdebulebebis Sesrulebis erTerT ZiriTad moTxovnas warmoadgens.
konvenciis valdebulebebis SesrulebasTan dakavSirebul sakiTxze konvenciis
farglebSi Seqmnilia samuSao jgufi (Committee for administering the Mechanisms for
Promoting the Implementation and Compliance of the Basel Convention), romlis
wevria saqarTveloc.
64
bazelis konvenciis 2003 wlis mxareTa Sexvedraze mowonebuli da
damtkicebuli iqna proeqti ~erovnul da saerTaSoriso doneze moqmedi normatiuli
bazis mimoxilva saxifaTo narCenebis sazRvargadamkveTi moZraobebis monitoringisa da
kontrolis sferoSi maTi ekologiurad usafrTxo marTvis mizniT”, romelic
dafinansebulia bazelis konvenciis samdivnos mier. proeqti xorcieldeba ruseTis
federaciis koordinaciiT, sadac narCenebisa da qimiur nivTierebaTa marTvis
sammarTvelosTan erTad monawileobas iRebs saministros iuridiuli sammarTvelo.
Tavi 16
teqnogenuri avariebi da katastrofebi
saqarTvelos
transportis
maregulirebeli
erovnuli
komisiis
mier
teqnogenuri xasiaTis avariebis Semcirebis mizniT mimdinareobda garkveuli
samuSaoebi, kerZod, ganixileboda saxifaTo tvirTebis saavtomobilo gadazidvebis
saerTaSoriso moTxovnebiT regulirebis sakiTxi. aRniSnulis aucilebloba
ganpirobebulia bolo dros gaxSirebuli SemTxvevebiT, romlebic dakavSirebulia
sxvadasxva klasis (gaeros klasifikaciiT) saxifaTo nivTierebebis (SekumSuli da
Txevadi gazi, SekumSuli Jangbadi, benzini, dizelis sawvavi, azoti da sxv.)
transportirebasTa da maT araswor eqspluataciasTan.
aRniSnuli sakiTxis gadawyvetis SemTxvevaSi savaraudod, sagrZnoblad
Semcirdeba am saxis katastrofebis moxdebis albaToba, agreTve saSiSi qimiuri
nivTierebebis tranzitis SemTxvevaSic.
2005 wels samgoris me-3 macivarSi moxda amiakis gaJonva, ris Sedegadac
daiRupa 2 adamiani.
Tavi 17
saqarTvelos garemosdacviTi kanonmdebloba
2005 wels
normatiuli aqtebi:
miRebul
iqna
Semdegi
sakanonmdeblo
da
kanonqvemdebare
saqarTvelos kanonebi:
•
•
•
•
•
•
`wiaRis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi cvlilebebis Setanis Taobaze (2005
wlis 22 aprili #1409);
wlis 23 ivnisi #1765);
wlis 25 noemberi #2148);
`garemos dacvis saxelmwifo kontrolis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanoni (2005
wlis 23 ivnisis #1767);
`kolxeTis daculi teritoriebis Seqmnisa da marTvis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos
kanonSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanis Taobaze (2005 wlis 1 ivlisi
#1878);
`daculi teritoriebis sistemis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi cvlilebis
Setanis Taobaze (2005 wlis 25 noemberi #2118);
65
•
•
`wylis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos kanonSi cvlilebebis Setanis Taobaze (2005
wlis 28 dekemberi #2569);
`bunebrivi
resursebiT
sargeblobisaTvis
mosakreblebis
Sesaxeb~
saqarTvelos kanonSi cvlilebis Setanis Taobaze~ (2005 wlis 20 dekemberi
#2393);
saqarTvelos prezidentis brZanebulebebi:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
saqarTvelos prezidentis 26 ivlisis #666 brZanebuleba `sanapiro zonis
integrirebuli marTvis centris Seqmnis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos prezidentis
1999 wlis 15 aprilis #144 brZanebulebaSi cvlilebebis Setanis
Taobaze~;
saqarTvelos prezidentis 24 ivnisis #547 brZanebuleba `sajaro
samarTlis iuridiuli piris – saqarTvelos Savi zRvis dacvisa da
resursebis kvleva – aTvisebis saxelmwifo saagentos likvidaciis Sesaxeb~;
saqarTvelos prezidentis 2005 wlis 26 ivlisis #667 brZanebuleba
~saqarTvelos daculi teritoriebis ganviTarebis centris Sesaxeb”
saqarTvelos prezidentis 1999 wlis 12 Tebervlis #57 brZanebulebaSi
cvlilebebisa da damatebis Setanis Taobaze~;
saqarTvelos prezidentis 2005 wlis 26 ivlisis #625 brZanebuleba
`saqarTvelos satyeo seqtoris ganviTarebis centris~, rogorc sagaro
samartlis iuridiuli piris Seqmnis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos prezidentis
2000 wlis 29 oqtombris #469 brZanebulebaSi cvlilebebis Setanis
Taobaze~;
saqarTvelos prezidentis 2005 wlis 10 seqtembris #747 brZanebuleba
ìm Tanamdebobis pirTa Tanamdebobrivi nusxis damtkicebis Sesaxeb,
romelTac
ufleba
aqvT
ataron
samsaxurebriv-saStato
iaraRi~
saqarTvelos prezidentis 2003 wlis 27 oqtombris #538 brZanebulebiT
damtkicebul nusxaSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanis Taobaze~;
saqarTvelos prezidentis 2005 wlis 7 noembris #926 brZanebuleba
`zogierTi sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli piris debulebis damtkicebisa da
saqminobis xelSewyobasTan dakavSirebuli RonisZiebebis Sesaxeb~;
saqarTvelos prezidentis 2005 wlis 17 dekembris #1061 brZanebuleba
`saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros
mmarTvelobis sferoSi Semavali zogierTi sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli
piris reorganizaciis, likvidaciisa zogierTi sajaro samarTlis
iuridiuli piris Seqmnis Sesaxeb~;
saqarTvelos mTavrobis dadgenilebebi:
•
•
•
`saqarTvelos biomravalferovnebis dacvis strategiisa da moqmedebaTa gegmis
damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis (19.02.2005 #27) dadgenileba;
debulebis damtkicebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2004 wlis 12
ivnisis #50 dadgenilebaSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanis Taobaze~
saqarTvelos mTavrobis (3.06.2005w #98) dadgenileba;
ivnisis #50 dadgenilebaSi cvlilebebis Setanisa da saministros zogierTi
66
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
teritoriuli organos reorganizaciis Taobaze~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis
(17.07.2005w #114) dadgenileba;
ivnisis #50 dadgenilebiT damtkicebul debulebaSi cvlilebebisa da
damatebebis Setanis Taobaze~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis (11.08.2005w #139)
dadgenileba;
`tyiT sargeblobis licenziebis gacemis wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb
debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis (11.07.2005 #132)
dadgenileba;
`birTvuli da radiaciuli saqmianobis nebarTvebisa da licenziebis gacemis
wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze~ saqarTvelos
mTavrobis (11.07.2005 #135) dadgenileba;
`sasargeblo wiaRiseulis mopovebis licenziis gacemis wesisa da pirobebis
Sesaxeb debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis (11.07.2005
#136) dadgenileba;
`zedapiruli wylis obieqtidan wyalaRebisa da zedapiruli wylis obieqtSi
wyalCaSvebis nebarTvebis gacemis wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb debulebis
damtkicebis Taobaze~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis (11.07.2005 #137) dadgenileba;
`cxovelTa samyaros obieqtebiT sargeblobis nebarTvisa da licenziis
gacemis wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze~
saqarTvelos mTavrobis (11.07.2005 #138) dadgenileba;
`garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis gacemis wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb
debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis (1.09.2005 #154)
dadgenileba;
~tyiT sargeblobis licenziebis gacemis wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb”
debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze” saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2005 wlis 11
agvistos 132 dadgenilebiT damtkicebul debulebaSi damatebis Setanis
Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis (23.09.2005 #168) dadgenileba;
~sasargeblo wiaRiseulis mopovebis licenziis gacemis wesisa da pirobebis
Sesaxeb debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze” saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2005 wlis
11 agvistos 136 dadgenilebiT damtkicebul debulebaSi damatebis Setanis
Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis (23.09.2005 #169) dadgenileba;
~cxovelTa samyaros obieqtebiT sargeblobis nebarTvisa da licenziis
gacemis wesisa da pirobebis Sesaxeb debulebis damtkicebis Taobaze”
saqarTvelos mTavrobis 2005 wlis 11 agvistos N138 dadgenilebiT
damtkicebul debulebaSi damatebis Setanis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis
(23.09.2005 #170) dadgenileba;
`saqarTveloSi ,,klimatis cvlilebis CarCo konvenciis” ,,kiotos oqmiT”
gaTvaliswinebuli
,,sufTa
ganviTarebis
meqanizmis”
ganxorcielebis
koordinaciis mizniT
sabWos Seqmnis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos mTavrobis
(29.09.2005 #172) dadgenileba;
ivnisis #50 dadgenilebaSi cvlilebebisa da damatebebis Setanisa da
saministros zogierTi saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebulebis gardaqmnis
Taobaze~ (23.11.2005w #213).
67
wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis
ministris mier gamoica 41 brZaneba.
Tavi 18
kontroli garemos dacvis sferoSi
2005 wels “garemos dacvis saxelmwifo kontrolis Sesaxeb” kanonis
safuZvelze da saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministroSi
mimdinare reformebis farglebSi Seiqmna saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba –
garemos dacvis inspeqcia.
inspeqciis ZiriTad movaleobad ganisazRvra garemos dabinZurebasa da bunebrivi
resursebiT sargeblobaze saxelmwifo kontrolis ganxorcieleba, rac moicavs
kanonmdeblobis moTxovnaTa Sesrulebis xelSemwyob da prevenciul RonisZiebebs,
garemosdacviT Semowmebebsa da gamovlenil samarTaldarRvevebze reagirebis zomebis
gatarebas.
inspeqcia Tavis saqmianobas axorcielebs struqturuli qvedanayofebisa da
teritoriuli organoebis meSveobiT. 2005 wlisaTvis garemos dacvis inspeqciis
saStato ricxovnoba ganisazRvra 90 erTeuliT.
garemos dacvis inspeqciam sakontrolo-sainspeqcio saqmianoba daiwyo 2005
wlis 23 seqtembers, mas Semdeg, rac dakompleqtebul iqna swrafi reagirebis
samsaxuri da misi biuroebi adgilebze (aRmosavleT, dasavleT da samxreT
saqarTvelos biuroebi).
garemos dacvis inspeqciis struqtura
- 2005 weli
90 saStato erTeuli, maT Soris:
centraluri ofisi – 40
regionul doneze – 50
inspeqciis
xelmZRvaneloba
buRalteria
aparati
swrafi reagirebis
samsaxuri
analitikuri
samsaxuri
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
biuro
inspeqtirebis
samsaxuri
teritoriuli organo
dasavleT saqarTvelos
biuro
Savi zRvis dacvis konvenciuri
inspeqcia
samxreT saqarTvelos
biuro
68
inspeqciis mcirericxovani Zalebisa da garemosdacviTi problemebis simwvavis
gaTvaliswinebiT, muSaobis ZiriTad prioritetul mimarTulebad ganisazRvra brZola
xe-tyis organizebuli ukanono Wrebisa da mdinareebsa da wyalsatevebze
brakonierobis gamovlenisa da aRkveTis mimarTulebiT. dasaxuli prioritetebidan
gamomdinare, regionebSi gamoiyo cxeli wertilebi da am ubnebSi dawesebul iqna
gansakuTrebuli kontroli.
inspeqtireba _ 2005 w.
centraluri ofisi _ 24 kaci
regionul doneze _ 50 kaci
dasavleT saqarTvelos
Savi zRva
biuro _
16
garemos dacvis
inspecia _ 24
Savi zRvis dacvis konv.
inspeqcia - 20
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos
biuro
_ 6
samxreT saqarTvelos
biuro
_ 8
inspeqciis amoqmedebidan sami Tvis ganmavlobaSi (2005 wlis oqtomberidekemberi) inspeqciis mier gamovlenil iqna garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobis
darRvevis 630 faqti. maTgan:

administraciuli samarTaldarRvevis 561 faqti;

sisxlis samarTlis niSnebis mqone 69 faqti, romlebic Semdgomi
reagirebisaTvis gadaeca samarTaldamcav organoebs.
administraciul samarTaldarRvevebze:
⇒ ukanonod moWrili xe-tyis odenobam Seadgina 1660.33 kub. m.;
⇒ Sida wyalsatevebze ukanonod mopovebuli Tevzis raodenobam Seadgina 55,2
kg.;
⇒ dakisrebuli jarimis odenobam Seadgina 74827.10 lari, maTgan
gadaxdilia 21264.00 lari.
⇒ garemoze
miyenebuli
zianis
Tanxam
Seadgina
93988.68
lari,
anazRaurebuli Tanxis odenobaa 11920.51 lari.
⇒ saxelmwifo sakuTrebaSi miqceuli bunebrivi resursis odenobam Seadgina
1567.43 kub. m.
Sss da prokuraturis organoebs mokvlevisaTvis masalebi gadaeca 69 faqtze:
⇒ ukanonod moWrili xe-tyis odenobam Seadgina 15194.7 kub. m.; 622 Ziri
naZvi;
⇒ saxelmwifoze miyenebuli zianis Tanxam Seadgina 2 295 408.5 lari.
69
detaluri informacia wlis ganmavlobaSi garemosdacviTi kanonmdeblobis
darRvevis faqtebis Sesaxeb warmodgenilia danarTSi 1 (cxr. 21; 22; 23).
garda garemos dacvis inspeqciisa, 2005 wels garemos dacvis sferoSi
saxelmwifo kontrols TavianTi samoqmedo teritoriebis farglebSi asrulebdnen
saministros saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebulebebi – satyeo meurneobisa da
daculi teritoriebis departamentebi.
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi daculi teritoriebis tyis dacvis muSakebis mier
gamovlenili iqna 1721,8 m3 moculobis ukanono Wra. samarTaldamcav organoebze
gadacemuli iqna 293 aqti da dakisrebuli jarimis saxiTYamoRebuli iqna
986,89lari.
2005
wlis
ganmavlobaSi
saxelmwifo
kontrolis
funqcias
aseve
axorcielebdnen
saministros
teritoriuli
erTeulebi
–
regionaluri
sammarTveloebi, romelTac 2006 wlidan aRniSnuli funqciis Sesrulebis
uflebamosileba SeuwydaT (ix. danarTi 1, cxrili 20).
Tavi 19
garemosdacviTi politika da saxelmwifo programebi
2000 wels gaeros generaluri asambleis mier SemuSavebul deklaraciaSi
dasaxulia aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebi da principebi. aRniSnuli dokumenti
gansazRvravs 2000-2015 wlebSi gansaxorcielebel miznebsa da amocanebs. dokumentis
me-7 mizans warmoadgens ekologiuri mdgradobis uzrunvelyofa, romelic Tavis
mxriv moicavs 3 amocanas:
mdgradi ganviTarebis principebis integrireba qveynis politikasa da
programebSi
da
bunebrivi
resursebis
Semcirebis
(degradirebis)
tendenciebis SeCereba;
2015 wlisaTvis mosaxleobis im nawilis ganaxevreba, romelsac
stabilurad ar miuwvdeba xeli janmrTelobisaTvis usafrTxo sasmel
wyalze;
sabinao seqtoris harmonizacia saerTaSoriso moTxovnebTan, maT Soris
municipaluri (socialuri) sacxovrisis komponentis ganviTareba.
saqarTvelom, rogorc aTaswleulis deklaraciis xelmomwerma qveyanam,
aRebuli valdebulebebis ganxorcieleba daiwyo ekonomikuri ganviTarebisa da
siRaribis daZlevis programis (egsdp) SemuSavebiT, romelic damtkicda 2003 wels.
2004 wlis ivnisSi momzadda aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebis ganxorcielebis
erovnuli
sabaziso
angariSi,
romlis
SemuSavebis
procesSi
faqtiurad
ganxorcielda msoflioSi aRiarebuli miznebisa da amocanebis nacionalizacia da
saqarTvelos realobasTan misadageba.
saqarTvelos mTavrobis gadawyvetilebiT, 2005 wels momzadda “2004-2005
wlebis aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebis ganxorcielebis angariSi”. angariSi
SemuSavda gaeros saagentoebTan mWidro TanamSromlobiT, saqarTvelos ekonomikuri
ganviTarebis saministros koordinaciiT da asaxavs qveyanaSi arsebul mdgomareobas
da 2004-2005 wlebSi am mimarTulebiT gadadgmul nabijebs.
TavSi “ekologiuri mdgradobis uzrunvelyofa” warmodgenilia qveyanaSi
garemos dacvis sferoSi miRebuli da moqmedi strategiebisa da moqmedebaTa gegmebis
analizi, aRniSnulia arsebuli problemebis Sesaxeb, ganxilulia saerTaSoriso
70
konvenciebiT aRebuli valdebulebebis Sesrulebis mdgomareoba, dasaxulia samomavlo
gansaxorcielebeli qmedebebi, maT Soris sakanonmdeblo-normatiuli bazis srulyofa.
saqarTvelos mTavrobis saSualovadiani (2005-2008 wlebis) samoqmedo
strategiis dokumentis Tanaxmad ganisazRvra saministroSi gansaxorcielebeli
reformebis sami ZiriTadi mimarTuleba:
I.
instituciuri reforma (2005-2007 wlebi);
II. garemos dacvis sistemis reforma (2005-2008);
III. bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis sistemis reforma (2005-2007).
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi saministros mier ganxorcielebuli saqmianoba
mimarTuli iyo reformebis saSualovadiani strategiiT gansazRvruli prioritetebis
realizaciaze.
garemos dacvis saxelmwifo kontrolis erTiani sistemis Camoyalibebis
mizniT, 2005 wlis 23 ivniss saqarTvelos parlamentis mier miRebul iqna
saqarTvelos kanoni “garemos dacvis saxelmwifo kontrolis Sesaxeb”, romlis
Tanaxmad, sxvadasxva uwyebebs Soris gafantuli garemos dacvaze saxelmwifo
kontrolis funqcia moeqca erTi organos - saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da
bunebrivi resursebis saministros mmarTvelobis sferoSi.
saministros saSualovadiani samoqmedo gegmis (2007-2010w.w.) Tanaxmad
gansazRvruli iqna Semdegi prioritetuli mimarTulebebi:
resursTsargeblobis sistema

satyeo seqtoris marTvis sajaro kerZo partniorobis (PPP) modelis
danergva

wylis resursebis saauzo marTvis sistemaze gadasvla
garemosdacviTi sistema

daculi teritoriebis sistemisa da ekoturizmis ganviTareba

narCenebis marTvis politikis SemuSaveba
2005 wels gamoica saqarTvelos 1:500 000 masStabis zogadgeografiuli ruka
pirveli oficialuri qarTuli cifruli versia, romelic Sedgenilia saerTaSoriso
standartebisa da moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT da ganaxlebulia Tanamedrove
monacemebiT (ix. danarTi 2).
mniSvnelovania, rom ganaxlebul rukaze datanilia saqarTvelos TiTqmis yvela
sofeli, sakrebulo, qalaqi Tu daba Tavisi saxelwodebiT. aseve naCvenebia
saerTaSoriso, saxelmwifo, adgilobrivi da sxvadasxva mniSvnelobis gzebi.
saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministrosaTvis 2005
wlis saxelmwifo biujetiT ganxorcielda Semdegi miznobrivi programebis
dafinanseba:
¾ “klimatis cvlileba” _ 6,0 aT. lari;
¾ “saqarTvelos mosaxleobis radiaciuli usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa” _
37,9 aT. lari;
¾ “baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis navTobsadenis da samxreT kavkasiis milsadenis
bunebriv da socialur garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis angariSebisa da
maTze gacemuli garemosdacviTi nebarTvis pirobebiT gansazRvruli
monitoringis ganxorcieleba” _ 33,3 aT. lari;
¾ “saqarTvelos miwisqveSa wylebis resursebis ganviTareba da marTva,
miwisqveSa wylebis resursebis gamovlena, Seswavla da qveynis teritoriis
geoekologiuri monitoringi” _ 70,0 aT. lari;
¾ “saqarTvelos
teritoriis
regionaluri
geologiuri
Seswavla,
geologiuri profilis saxelmwifo rukebis kompleqtebis Sedgena71
gamocema, mineralur-resursuli fondis saxelmwifo kadastris formireba
da misi monitoringi, geodinamikuri usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa” _ 100,0
aT. lari;
¾ “saqarTvelos wiaRis obieqtebis mozadeba licenzirebisaTvis da
kanonqvemdebare
normatiuli
bazis
Seqmna
wiaRiT
racionaluri
sargeblobis uzrunvelyofis mizniT” _ 43,8 aT. lari;
¾ “saqarTvelos
teritoriis
seismuri
saSiSrebis
Sefaseba
hidrogeodeformaciuli velis monitoringiT” _ 4,0 aT.lari;
¾ “daculi teritoriebis florisa da faunis dacva” _ 44,8 aT. lari;
¾ “tyeTmowyoba” _ 97,7 aT. lari;
¾ “tyis dacva, aRdgena-ganaxleba, tyiTsargebloba da kakalnayofierTa
plantaciebis gaSeneba” _ 542,3 aT. lari;
¾ “geodeziuri da kartografiuli samuSaoebi” _ 74,3 aT. lari.
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos mTavrobis TanadafinansebiTa da
donorTa mier gamoyofili Tanxebis meSveobiT ganxorcielebuli iqna Semdegi
proeqtebi:
sanapiro zonis integrirebuli marTvis proeqti
proeqtis mizania organizaciulad gaaZlieros Savi zRvis sanapiro resursebis
marTvis SesaZleblobebi saqarTveloSi da am miznis misaRwevad SeimuSaos Savi zRvis
sanapiroze mimdinare ekonomikur saqmianobebSi garemosdacviTi dagegmvisa da marTvis
efeqturad integrirebis meTodebi, rac iTvaliswinebs sanapiro zonis integrirebuli
marTvis instituciur gaZlierebas, kolxeTis erovnuli parkis da qobuleTis
saxelmwifo
nakrZalis
dafuZnebas,
sanapiros
garemos
monitoringisa
da
informaciuli sistemis Seqmnas, municipaluri wylis resursebis integrirebul
gamokvlevas (baTumi, foTi), navTobiT SemTxveviT dabinZurebaze reagirebis dagegmvas.
proeqti finansdeba msoflio bankis kreditiT 3.2 mln SDR (4,4 mln. aSS
dolari) da globaluri garemosdacviTi fondis (GEF) grantiT (grantis odenoba _
1.3 mln. aSS dolari).
2005 wlis 31 dekembris mdgomareobiT kreditis farglebSi aTvisebulma
Tanxam Seadgina 3.3 mln. aSS dolari, xolo grantis farglebSi _ 680,632 aSS
dolari.
2005 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis kanoniT kreditis farglebSi dagegmili iyo
2,2 mln. laris, xolo grantis farglebSi _ 890,000,0 laris aTviseba. 2005 wlis
31 dekembris mdgomareobiT kreditis farglebSi aTvisebuli Tanxa Seadgens
1,108,463,44 lars (dagegmilis 50.38%), xolo grantis farglebSi _ 389,791.68
lars (dagegmilis 43.80%).
daculi teritoriebis ganviTarebis proeqti
proeqtis mizania saqarTvelos biomravalferovnebis konservacia sami
ekologiurad da socialurad mdgradi, daculi teritoriis Seqmnis meSveobiT da
biomravalferovnebis konservaciis unaris amaRlebiT am daculi teritoriebis
damakavSirebel sameurneo landSaftebSi.
proeqti finansdeba msoflio bankis grantiT. grantis odenobaa 8.7 mln. aSS
dolari.
2005 wlis 31 dekembris mdgomareobiT proeqtis farglebSi aTvisebuli Tanxa
Seadgens 2,856,486 aSS dolars.
72
2005 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis kanoniT proeqtis farglebSi dagegmili iyo
3,980,000,0 laris aTviseba. 31.12.05 wlis mdgomareobiT aTvisebuli Tanxebi Seadgens
2,283,889.0 lars (dagegmilis 57.38%).
kolxeTis dablobze mcxovrebi mosaxleobis socialuri
usafrTxoebis gaumjobesebis proeqti
proeqtis mizania kolxeTis dablobze mcxovrebi Raribi da socialurad
daucveli mosaxleobis daxmareba soflis donis infrastruqturis gaumjobesebis,
Semosavlis warmoqmnis alternatiuli meqanizmebis gamovlenis da meTvzeobisa da
soflis meurneobis praqtikis gaumjobesebis gziT.
proeqti finansdeba msoflio bankis grantiT. grantis odenobaa 1,379,875 aSS
dolari.
Seadgens 579,773 aSS dolars.
1,300,000.0 laris aTviseba. 31.12.05 wlis mdgomareobiT aTvisebuli Tanxebi Seadgens
772,668.81 lars (dagegmilis 59.44%).
tyis ganviTarebis proeqti
proeqtis mizania tyis marTvis iseTi sistemebis Seqmna, romlebic
maqsimalurad gazrdian saqarTvelos tyeebis wvlils qveynis ekonomikis ganviTarebisa
da soflad siRatakis SemcirebaSi, garemos dacvis TvalsazrisiT mizanSewonili
principebis safuZvelze.
proeqti finansdeba msoflio bankis kreditiT. kreditis odenobaa 12.6 mln.
SDR (15.7 mln. aSS dolari).
Seadgens 5,093,611 aSS dolars.
6,760,000.0 laris aTviseba. 31.12.05 wlis mdgomareobiT aTvisebuli Tanxebi Seadgens
3,167,467.07 lars (dagegmilis 46.86%).
Ria programa “borjom-xaragaulis” erovnuli parkis
(granti) Sesaxeb
Seadgens 2,489,100.0 evros (2,626,994.0 aSS dolari).
proeqtis mizania borjom-xaragaulis erovnuli parkis dafuZneba da mowyoba,
romlis mdgradi gamoyeneba uzrunvelyofili iqneba damxmare zonis ganviTarebiT
(amasTan dakavSirebuli ganaTlebisa da kvalifikaciis asamaRlebeli RonisZiebebis
dafinanseba).
parkis mowyobasa da mis funqcionirebaze (parkis menejmenti) pasuxismgebelia
daculi teritoriebis, nakrZalebisa da samonadireo meurneobis saxelmwifo
departamenti (DPA).
DPA - s daxmarebas uwevs WWF-Deutschland-ma (konsultanti).
WWF-is warmomadgenlebs ekisrebaT PIU-s xelmZRvaneloba.
Ria
programa
borjom-xaragaulis
erovnuli
parkis
gansakuTrebul
SeTanxmebaSi 2004 wlis 31 dekembris Sevida cvlileba. cvlileba iTvaliswinebs
73
germanuli mxaris mier damatebiT 400 aTasi evros gamoyofas, romelic gamkuTvnilia
eqspertTa xarjebis (xelfasebi, saoperacio xarjebi, swavleba da sxva)
dasafinanseblad. es operaciebi unda gagrZeldes oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi 2008
wlamde.
430.0 aTasi laris aTviseba. 31.12.05 wlis mdgomareobiT aTvisebuli Tanxebi Seadgens
353,254,74 lars (dagegmilis 82.15%).
Tavi 20
ekologiuri usafrTxoeba!
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis mier SemuSavebulia
agrosamrewvelo
seqtoris
ekologiuri
usafrTxoebis
koncefcia,
romelic
iTvaliswinebs:
sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis (3 mln.ha) kompleqsuri ekologiuri monitoringis
gaxorcielebis mecnierul da meTodologiur RonisZiebebs, kerZod:
_ sasoflo-sameurneo miwebis mdgomareobaze – niadagis nayofierebaze,
dabinZurebaze, mcenareuli safaris dafarulobaze da sxv. regularul
vizualur, instrumentul (m.S. distanciur) dakvirvebebs da gazomvebs.
_ dakvirvebebisa da gazomvebis masalebis Sefasebas, pirveladi masalebis
damuSavebas da monacemTa bazebis formirebas.
_ monacemTa analizs da Seqmnili mdgomareobis Sefasebas.
_ mosalodneli ekologiuri cvlilebebis prognozirebas.
_ prognozirebuli ekologiuri mdgomareobis Sefasebas da negatiuri
movlenebis Serbilebis an Tavidan acilebis RonisZiebebis SemuSavebas.
_ eqstremaluri bunebrivi movlenebis (katastrofuli gvalvebi, yinvebi,
wyaldidobebi da sxv.) Sesaxeb winaswari gafrTxilebis sistemebis
SemuSavebas da ganxorcielebas.
saTanado dafinansebis ararsebobis gamo, aRniSnuli koncefcia ver Camoyalibda
erTian monitoringul sistemad, Tumca calkeuli misi komponentebi funqcionireben.
agraruli radiologiisa da ekologiis instituti axorcielebs sasoflo-sameurneo
savargulebis radionuklidebiTA da mZime metalebiT dabinZurebis monitorings.
eqstremaluri bunebrivi movlenebis monitoringis laboratoriaSi SemuSavebulia
katastrofuli gvalvebisa da yinvebis prognozirebis meTodebi.
Tavi 21
garemosdacviTi da bunebrivi resursebiT
sargeblobis ekonomikuri meqanizmebi
2005 wlis ivnisSi miRebul iqna ”licenziebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb”
saqarTvelos axali kanoni, romlis Tanaxmadac mniSvnelovnad Semcirda da gamartivda
licenziebisa da nebarTvebis raodenoba da maTi miRebis procedurebi. cxadia am
mxriv
mniSvnelovani
cvlilebebi
ganxorcielda
saministros
kompetencias
mikuTvnebul sakiTxebzec:
74
axali kanonis amoqmedebamde saministros mxridan gaicemoda
9 25 saxis sargeblobis licenzia
9 34 saxis licenzia saqmianobaze
9 6 saxis nebarTva (m.S. garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis gacemas eqvemdebareboda
318 saxis saqmianoba).
axali kanonis Sesabamisad saministros mxridan gaicema
9 6 saxis sargeblobis licenzia
9 7 saxis licenzia saqmianobaze
9 10 saxis nebarTva (m.S. garemoze zemoqmedebis nebarTvis gacemas eqvemdebareba
28 saxis saqmianoba)
“licenziebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb” saqarTvelos moqmedi kanoniT mTeli
rigi mniSvnelovani siaxleebi iqna damkvidrebuli licenziebisa da nebarTvebis
sistemaSi, ramac mniSvnelovnad gaamartiva Sesabamisi procedurebi da Seamcira
korufciuli garigebebis SesaZleblobebi. maT Soris:
9 SemoRebuli iqna “erTi fanjris” principi; licenziisa da nebarTvis maZiebels
konkretuli saqmianobis dasawyebad aRar uxdeba saxelmwifo struqturebSi
sxvadasxva saxis nebarTvebis aReba. saxelmwifo struqturebi valdebulni
arian Tavadve uzrunvelyon erTmaneTisagan Sesabamisi daskvnebis (nebarTvebis)
miReba.
9 dainerga bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis licenziis auqcionis wesiT
gacema;
Zveli kanonmdeblobiT bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis licenziis gacema
xdeboda
konkursis
wesiT,
rac
erTis
mxriv,
korufciuli
garigebebis
SesaZleblobebs qmnida (ar iyo Camoyalibebuli gamarjvebisaTvis saWiro mkafiod
gansazRvruli kriteriumebi), xolo meores mxriv, mewarmeebs umcirebda motivacias
am resursebis racionalurad gamoyenebis TvalsazrisiT.
`licenziebisa da nebarTvebis Sesaxeb~ saqarTvelos axali kanonis Tanaxmad
2005 wels Catarda 3 auqcioni:
1.
auqcioni xe-tyis damzadebis specialuri licenziis misaRebad. gamarjvebuli
mewarmeebis mier saxelmwifo biujetSi gadaxdili iqna licenziis fasi
197,535 lari + salicenzio mosakrebeli + bunebrivi resursebiT
sargeblobis mosakrebeli;
2.
auqcioni Sav zRvaSi qafSiis TevzWeris licenziis mosapoveblad.
gamarjvebuli kompaniebis mier saxelmwifo biujetSi gadaxdili iqna
licenziis fasi 358,820 lari + salicenzio mosakrebeli + bunebrivi
resursebiT sargeblobis mosakrebeli;
3.
auqcioni sasargeblo wiaRiseulis mopovebis licenziis misaRebad.
gamarjvebulia 7 mewarme subieqti. biujetSi gadaxdili iqna licenziis
fasi gadasaxadi _ 101,646 lari + salicenzio mosakrebeli + bunebrivi
resursebiT sargeblobis mosakrebeli;
bunebrivi
resursebiT
sargeblobis
uflebisaTvis
gadaxdili
fasis
(”licenziis fasi”) saxiT saxelmwifo biujetSi am auqcionebidan damatebiT Sevida
daaxloebiT 660,000 lari, rac Zveli kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad, gadaxdili ar
iqneboda (vinaidan licenzia gaicemoda konkursis wesiT ”ufasod”).
9 bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis licenziis danawevrebis, gayidvisa da
memkvidreobiT gadacemis SesaZlebloba, rac praqtikulad xels Seuwyobs
licenziebis sabazro brunvaSi moqcevasa da Sesabamisad, am sferoSi meoradi
bazris ganviTarebas.
75
2005 wels garemoze zemoqmedebis gadasaxadidan da bunebrivi resursebiT
sargeblobis gadasaxadidan mobilizebuli Tanxebis Sesaxeb informacia warmodgenilia
danarTSi 1 (cxrili 24).
saqarTvelos finansTa saministros informaciiT, bunebrivi resursebis
sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadis saxiT 2005 wels biujetSi Caricxuli iqna sul
5099.8 aT. lari; xolo bunebrivi resursebis sargeblobisaTvis mosakreblis saxiT
_ 7526.9 aT. lari.
bunebrivi resursebis sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadisa da mosakreblis saxiT
2005 wels biujetSi Caricxuli Tanxebis Sesaxeb, saxeebis mixedviT, informacia
warmodgenilia cxrilebSi 21.1. da 21.2.
cxrili 21.1
gadasaxadi bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobisaTvis
dasaxeleba
gadasaxadi bunebrivi resursebis sargeblobisaTvis
aqedan
wiaRiT sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi
tyis fondis zezeuli xeebis merqnuli resursebiT
sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi
garemodan amoRebuli mcenareTa aramerqnuli resursebisa da
maTi produqtebiT sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi
wulis resursebiT sargeblobisaTvis gadasaxadi
cxovelTa samyaros resursebiT (obieqtebiT) sargeblobisaTvis
gadasaxadi
garemodan gadamfreni frinvelebis amoRebaze gadasaxadi
sxva araklasificirebuli gadasaadebi bunebrivi resursebiT
sargeblobisaTvis
aTas larebSi
2005 wlis
faqti
5099.8
1022.7
3265.3
56.2
378.8
59.2
317.6
cxrili 21.2
mosakrebeli bunebrivi resursebis sargeblobisaTvis
dasaxeleba
mosakrebeli bunebrivi resursebis sargeblobisaTvis
m.S.
wiaRiT sargeblobisaTvis mosakrebeli
tyis fondis zezeuli xeebis merqnuli resursebiT sargeblobisaTvis
mosakrebeli
garemodan amoRebuli mcenareTa aramerqnuli resursebisa da maTi
produqtebiT sargeblobisaTvis mosakrebeli
76
aTas larebSi
2005 wlis
faqti
7526.9
4651.3
1290.2
35.1
wulis resursebiT sargeblobisaTvis mosakrebeli
cxovelTa samyaros resursebiT (obieqtebiT) sargeblobisaTvis
mosakrebeli
garemodan gadamfreni frinvelebis amoRebaze mosakrebeli
sxva araklasificirebuli mosakrebeli bunebrivi resursebiT
sargeblobisaTvis
49.5
1409.3
67.2
24.3
Tavi 22
garemosdacviTi saqmianobis dafinanseba
saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros funqciaa
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis sferoSi saxelmwifo
kontrolis
ganxorcieleba.
aqedan
gamomdinare,
saministros
saqmianobis
prioritetebis, ZiriTadi mimarTulebebis ganxorcielebis mizniT da saqarTvelos
kanonis ,,saqarTvelos mTavrobis struqturis, uflebamosilebisa da saqmianobis
wesis Sesaxeb" Tanaxmad, saministroSi grZeldeba struqturuli da funqcionaluri
cvlilebebi, rac xels Seuwyobs qveynis mdgrad ganviTarebas, garemos dacvisa da
bunebrivi resursebis regulirebis sistemis qmediTunarianobis (efeqturobis)
amaRlebas. dasaxuli amocanis misaRwevad programis ZiriTadi strategia efuZneba
Semdeg principebs: sistemuri midgoma, gamWirvaloba, mdgradoba, harmonizacia,
liberalizacia, integracia saerTaSoriso procesebSi da a.S. saministros
daqvemdebarebaSi gadmoeca geodeziisa da kartografiis departamenti, saqarTvelos
kosmosuri saagento da samecniero-sawarmo ,,saqnapirdacva”.
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros 2005 wels
gansaxorcielebeli ZiriTadi prioritetebis sakanonmdeblo bazis srulyofisa da
evrogaerTianebis kanonmdeblobasTan SesabamisobaSi moyvanis, garemos dacvis
saxelmwifo marTvis axali meqanizmebis SemuSavebis, garemos monitoringis erTiani
sistemis organizebis, saxelmwifo kontrolis gaZlierebis, efeqturi ekonomikuri
meqanizmebis danergvis, da a.S. srulyofaSi moyvanisa da ganxorcielebis mizniT
saqarTvelos kanoniT, ,,saqarTvelos 2005 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis Sesaxeb,”
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministrosaTvis (biujetis organizaciuli
kodi 35 00) wliurma damtkicebulma biujetma Seadgina 34 211,6 aT. lari, m. S.
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros Senaxvis xarjebia 12 600,0 aT.
lari, ucxoeTidan miRebuli dafinansebis wyaroebiT da grantebiT gansaxorcielebel
investiciur proeqtebSi Tanamonawileobisa da Tanadafinansebis xarjebi _ 2 811,6 aT.
lari, sainvesticio proeqtebis sakredito da sagranto resursebi _ 18 800,0 aT.
lari.
saqarTvelos kanonis ,,saqarTvelos mTavrobis struqturis, uflebamosilebisa
da saqmianobis wesis Sesaxeb" Tanaxmad, garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis
saministroSi struqturuli da funqcionaluri cvlilebebis da sxva mimdinare
cvlilebebis da aseve, 2005 wlis biujetis kanonSi Setanili cvlilebebis
gaTvaliswinebis Sedegad saministros biujeti dazustda da Seadgina 32 534,9 aT.
lari; ucxoeTidan miRebuli dafinansebis wyaroebiT da grantebiT gansaxorcielebel
investiciur proeqtebSi Tanamonawileobisa da Tanadafinansebis xarjebisa da
77
sainvesticio proeqtebis sakredito da sagranto resursebis garda (19 725,8
aT.lari) saministros centraluri aparatisa da daqvemdebarebuli organizaciebis
biujetia 12 809,1 aT. lari. biujetis organizaciuli kodebis mixedviT:
saministros centraluri aparatis (kodi 35-01) xarjebisTvis Seadgina _
1 744,6 aT. lari, garemos dacvis laboratoriis (kodi 35 03) 24,0 aT. lari, saministros teritoriuli samsaxurebisaTvis (kodi 35 04) 581,6 aT. lari, iSviaTi da
gadaSenebis piras myofi Tevzis saxeobaTa aRwarmoebis centrisaTvis (kodi 35-05) _
6,6 aT. lari, garemos dacvisa da bubnebrivi resursebis saministros
programebisaTvis (kodi 35-07) _ 87,4 aT. lari; garemos dacvis institutisaTvis
(kodi 35-08) _ 47,0 aT. lari, zRvis ekologiisa da Tevzis meurneobis samecnierokvleviTi
institutisaTvis (kodi 35-09) _ 110,0 aT. lari, geologiis departamentisaTvis (kodi 35 10) _ 647,1 aT. lari, daculi teritoriebis departamentisaTvis (kodi 35 11) _ 1 145,8 aT. lari, satyeo meurneobis departamentisaTvis (kodi
35 12) _ 5 834,3 aT. lari, hidrometeorologiis departamentisaTvis (kodi 35 13) _
1 868,0 aT. lari, geodeziis da kartografiis departamentisaTvis (kodi 35 15)
239,9 aT.lari, saqarTvelos kosmosuri saagentosaTvis (kodi 35 16) 98,0 aT.lari,
samecniero-sawarmoo centr ,,saqnapirdacvisaTvis” 57,4 aT.lari (kodi 35 17).
saministros 2005 wlis saxelmwifo biujetiT ganesazRvra 4 saxelmwifomiznobrivi programa (kodi 35 07), saerTo TanxiT 191,0 aT. lari, saangariSo wlis
ganmavlobaSi biujetSi Setanili cvlilebebis Semdeg programebis dazustebulma
biujetma Seadgina 87,4 aT. lari.
1. ,,klimatis cvlileba” _ biujetSi damtkicda TanxiT 6,0 aT. lari, biujetis dazustebis Semdeg cvlileba ar ganucdia (kodi 35 07 02); saxazino samsaxuris
mier aRebul iqna valdebulebaSi 6,0 aT. lari, sakaso xarji gaweulia 6,0 aT.
laris.
2. ,,saqarTvelos mosaxleobis radiaciuli usafrTxoebis uzrunvelyofa” _
biujetis kanoniT damtkicda 40,0 aT. lari, dazustebis Sedegad cvlileba ar
ganucdia, sakaso xarji gaweulia 37,9 aT. laris, (kodi 35 07 03);
3. ,,baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis navTobsadenis da samxreT kavkasiis milsadenis
bunebriv da socialur garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis angariSebisa da maTze
gacemuli
garemosdacviTi
nebarTvis
pirobebiT
gansazRvruli
monitoringis
ganxorcieleba” damtkicda TanxiT 45,0 aT.lari, biujetis dazustebis Semdeg gaxda
41,4 aT. lari, sakaso xarji gaweulia 33,3 aT. laris, (kodi 35 07 06);
4.
,,biomravalferovnebis
monitoringis
Sesaqmnelad
monacemTa
bazis
Camoyalibeba
saqarTvelos
biomravalferovnebis
konservaciisa
da
mdgradi
gamoyenebisaTvis” damtkicda TanxiT 100,0 aT. lari. biujetis dazustebis Semdeg
programis dafinanseba moxsnili iqna;
garemos dacvis da bunebrivi resursebis saministros prioritetebi da
mimarTulebebia:
a) bunebrivi resursebis marTva, Seswavla da Sefaseba geologiis dargSi
2005 wlis biujetiT geologiis departamentisaTvis damtkicda 636,9 aT.
lari, dazustebulma biujetma Seadgina 647,1 aT.lari, sakaso xarji Seadgens 647,0
aT. lars.
b)daculi teritoriebis, nakrZalebisa da samonadireo meurneobebis ganviTareba
daculi teritoriebis departamentisTvis biujetis kanoniT saerTo xarjebi
damtkicda 1 148,8 aT. lari, sakaso Sesruleba Seadgens 1 141,2 aT.lars.
g) tyis resursebis dacva
78
satyeo meurneobis departaments 2005 wlis biujeti daumtkicda 5 934,3
aT.lari, saangariSo wlis bolos biujetis dazustebis Semdeg gaxda 5 834,3
aT.lari, sakaso xarjma Seadgina 5 825,6 aT.lari, (kodi 35 12).
d) hidrometeorologiuri dargis ganviTareba
hidrometeorologiis
departaments
biujetis
kanoniT
xarjebisaTvis
damtkicebuli hqonda 1 862,7 aT. lari, dazustebuli biujetiT ganisazRvra 1 868,0
aT. lari. sakaso xarjma Seadgina 1 867,6 aT.lari,
e) geodezia-kartografiis departamentis dafinansebisaTvis biujetiT saerTo
xarjebi damtkicda 239,9 aT.lari, biujets SemdgomSi cvlileba ar ganucdia, sakaso
xarjma Seadgina 239,8 aT.lari (kodi 35 15).
v) saqarTvelos kosmosuri saagentos biujeti daumtkicda 98,0 aT.lari,
biujets dazustebisas cvlileba ar ganucdia, sakaso xarjma Seadgina 98,8 aT.lari,
(kodi 35 16).
z)
samecniero-sawarmoo
centri
,,saqnapirdacva”
biujetiT
saerTo
xarjebisaTvis daumtkicda 34,4 aT.lari, biujeti dazustebis Semdeg gaxda 57,4
aT.lari, sakaso xarji Seadgens 57,3 aT.lars (kodi 35 17).
T) garemos dacvis inspeqciis biujeti damtkicda 310,0 aT.laris, dazustebis
Semdeg gaxda 317,3 aT.lari, sakaso xarji gaweulia 317,3 aT.laris (kodi 35 20).
ucxoeTidan miRebuli dafinansebis wyaroebiT da grantebiT gansaxorcielebel
investiciur proeqtebSi Tanamonawileobisa da Tanadafinansebis xarjebi:
,,saqarTvelos 2005 wlis saxelmwifo biujetis Sesaxeb“ saqarTvelos kanonis
Tanaxmad, garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros organizaciul kodSi
35 00 aisaxa ucxoeTidan miRebuli dafinansebis wyaroebiT da grantebiT
gansaxorcielebeli investiciuri proeqtebis, rogorc Tanamonawileobisa da
Tanadafinansebis Tanxebi (kodi 35 15), aseve sakredito da sagranto nawilic (kodi
35 19). damtkicebuli biujetis Tanaxmad, TanadafinansebisaTvis sabiujeto saxsrebis
odenoba damtkicda 2 901,6 aT. laris odenobiT, xolo sagranto da sakedito
resursebiT dasafinansebeli proeqtebis saerTo biujetma 16 815,0 aT. lari Seadgina.
valutis kursis da sxva cvlilebis gaTvaliswinebiT wlis bolosaTvis
dazustda zemoT aRniSnuli maCveneblebi da TanadafinansebisaTvis sabiujeto
saxsrebis odenoba ganisazRvra 2 910,8 aT. laris odenobiT, xolo sagranto da
sakredito resursebiT dasafinansebeli proeqtebis saerTo biujets cvlileba ar
ganucdia (16 815,0 aT. lari).
saangariSo wels sakredito da sagranto resursebi aTvisebul iqna 11 713,3
aT. lari, rac sakredito da sagranto dazustebuli biujetis mimarT Seadgens 59,4
%-s. aTvisebuli Tanxebidan Tanadafinansebis xarjebia 2 034,2 aT.lari, grantebiT
ganxorcielebuli investiciuri proeqtebisa - 9 679,1 aT.lari.
Tavi 23
garemos monitoringis sistema
prognozirebaze, monitoringze da laboratoriul saqmianobaze orientirebuli
saministros sistemaSi Semavali specializebuli sajaro samarTlis iuridiuli
pirebis
(seismohidrogeodeformaciuli
kvlevis
centri,
araxelsayrel
hidrometeorologiur movlenebze aqtiuri zemoqmedebisa da radiolokaciuri
uzrunvelyofis
samsaxuri,
geoekologiuri
kvleviTi
centri
“stiqia”,
79
hidrometeorologiis da garemos monitoringis samsaxuri, saSiSi geologiuri
procesebis inJinruli regulirebis centri) da hidrometeorologiis saxelmwifo
departamentis bazaze Camoyalibda ssip “monitoringisa da prognozirebis centri”,
aRniSnulis
Sedegadac
mniSvnelovnad
gamartivdeba
saqmianobis
koordinacia
monitoringis ganmaxorcielebel organizaciebs Soris, rac xels Seuwyobs
monitoringis
samuSaoebis
ufro
efeqturad
ganxorcielebas.
momavalSi
gansazRvrulia sistemis saerTaSoriso standartebTan harmonizaciis procesi.
centris ZiriTadi amocanebia:
9 sinoptikuri informaciis operatiul reJimSi Sekreba, interpretacia da
9
9
9
9
9
gavrceleba;
saerTo,
aseve
specializirebuli
daniSnulebis
hidrometeorologiur
prognostikuli produqciis operatiuli Sedgena, mosalodneli stiqiuri
movlenebis Sesaxeb dainteresebuli mxareebis informireba;
atmosferuli haeris, zedapiruli wylis obieqtebis, zRvis, niadagebisa da
radioaqtiuri dabinZurebis gansazRvra;
garemos damabinZurebeli wyaroebis perioduli inventarizacia;
xmaurisa da el.magnituri gamosxivebis gansazRvra;
araxelsayrel hidrometeorologiur movlenebze xelovnuri zemoqmedeba da
a.S.
2005 wels qveyanaSi garemos monitoringis samuSaoebi xorcieldeboda Semdegi
mimarTulebiT:
_ atmosferuli haeris qimiuri da radioaqtiuri dabinZurebis monitoringis
sferoSi – garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro (ssip monitoringisa
da prognozirebis centri);
_ zedapiruli wylebis qimiuri dabinZurebis monitoringis sferoSi – garemos
dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro (ssip monitoringisa da prognozirebis
centri);
_ niadagebis qimiuri da radioaqtiuri dabinZurebis monitoringis sferoSi –
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro (ssip monitoringisa da
prognozirebis centri), soflis meurneobisa da sursaTis saministro;
_ Savi zRvis qimiuri da hidrobiologiuri dabinZurebis monitoringis sferoSi
– garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro (ssip monitoringisa da
prognozirebis centri);
_ Savi zRvis mikrobiologiuri dabinZurebis monitoringis sferoSi – Sromis,
janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro;
_ miwisqveSa wylebis qimiuri dabinZurebis monitoringis sferoSi – garemos
dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro (geologiis samsaxuri);
_ garemoze mavne fizikuri faqtorebis zemoqmedebis monitoringis sferoSi –
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro (ssip monitoringisa da
prognozirebis centri);
_ ozonis Sris monitoringis sferoSi – garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi
resursebis saministro (ssip monitoringisa da prognozirebis centri), saqarTvelos
mecnierebaTa akademia;
_ sagangebo ekologiuri situaciebis monitoringis sferoSi – garemos dacvisa
da bunebrivi resursebis saministro, Sinagan saqmeTa saministro;
aRsaniSnavia, rom garemos monitoringis programiT gaTvaliswinebuli
samuSaoebi mniSvnelovani xarvezebiT mimdinareobda.
problemas warmoadgenda agreTve garemos dabinZurebaze dakvirvebebis mwarmoebeli analitikuri laboratoriebis teqnikuri gadaiaraReba, am laboratoriebSi
80
arsebuli, moZvelebuli da mwyobridan gamosuli xelsawyo-danadgarebis SekeTeba,
maTi metrologiuri uzrunvelyofa, laboratoriebis specifikuri masalebiT (qimiuri
reaqtivebi, filtrebi da sxva) momarageba da sxva.
aRniSnulis gamo, mniSvnelovnad Semcirda, rogorc garemos dabinZurebaze
dakvirvebis stacionaruli punqtebis, aseve garemos sinjebSi gansasazRvravi
ingredientebis raodenoba.
atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebaze dakvirveba warmoebda saqarTvelos 6 qalaqSi:
Tbilisi, rusTavi, quTaisi, zestafoni, baTumi da axalcixe. sul isazRvreboda 8
damabinZurebeli ingredienti: mtveri, gogirdis dioqsidi, azotis dioqsidi,
naxSirJangi, gogirdwyalbadi, azotis oqsidi, xsnadi sulfatebi da manganumis
dioqsidi.
2005 wels qveynis 6 qalaqis teritoriaze arsebul 16 stacionalur
saguSagoze aRebul iqna atmosferuli haeris 28556 sinji da Sesabamisad Catarda
amdenive analizi.
centris mier wlis ganmavlobaSi xorcieldeboda monitoringis samuSaoebi
qveynis zedapiruli wylebis dabinZurebis donis gansazRvris mizniT. saqarTvelos
teritoriaze sul aRebul iqna 419 wylis sinji, sul Catarebulia 11465 analizi.
unda
aRiniSnos,
rom
saerTaSoriso
donori
organizaciebis
mier
ganxorcielebuli proeqtebis meSveobiT garkveulwilad aRdga Savi zRvis
dabinZurebis monitoringis samuSaoebi, gansakuTrebiT biogenuri nivTierebebiT
dabinZurebaze dakvirvebis sferoSi.
saministros geologiis samsaxuri wlis ganmavlobaSi axorcielebda garemos
monitoringis erT-erTi ZiriTadi mimarTulebis _ miwisqveSa wylebis monitorings
(hidromonitorings) da saSiSi (stiqiuri) geologiuri procesebis da geologiuri
garemos cvlilebebis monitorings (liTomonitorings).
2005 wels saministros geologiis samsaxuris mier miwisqveSa hidrosferos
monitoringi ganxorcielda mcire moculobiT.
rac Seexeba liTomonitoringul samuSaoebs, aseve Zalze mcire dafinansebis
gamo samuSaoebi ganxorcielda ara sistemurad, mTeli qveynis teritoriaze, aramed
mxolod stiqiuri procesebiT gansakuTrebulad daZabul ubnebze.
monitoringisa da prognozirebis centris radiometriul qselSi 2005 wlis I
naxevarSi funqcionirebda 11 radiometriuli sadguri, wlis meore naxevarSi maTi
ricxvi gaizarda 20-mde. isazRvreboda atmosferul haerSi gama-gamosxivebis
simZlavre; miwispira atmosferul haerSi gama-gamosxivebis simZlavre, agreTve
izomeboda beta-aqtivobis simZlavre q. TbilisSi, axalqalaqsa da qobuleTSi.
zemoaRniSnuli komponentebis mixedviT warmoebuli monitoringis Sedegebi
warmodgenilia winamdebare moxsenebis Sesabamis TavebSi (Tavi 1. atmosferuli haeri;
Tavi 2. wyali da wylis resursebi; Tavi 7. radiaciuli mdgomareoba).
81
Tavi 24
garemosdacviTi nebarTvebi da licenziebi
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi saqarTvelos
resursebis saministros mier gaica:
garemos
dacvisa
da
bunebrivi
¾
233 garemosdacviTi nebarTva, ris Sedegadac saxelmwifo biujetSi Sevida
63 300 lari.
¾
2 zedapiruli wylis obieqtidan wyalaRebis nebarTva, ris Sedegadac
saxelmwifo biujetSi Sevida 400 lari.
¾
2 zedapiruli wylis obieqtSi wyalCaSvebis nebarTva, ris Sedegadac
¾
67 wiaRiT sargeblobis licenzia, ris Sedegadac saxelmwifo biujetSi
Sevida daaxloebiT 53 350 lari.
¾
106 TevzWeris licenzia, ris Sedegadac saxelmwifo biujetSi Sevida
daaxloebiT 850 516 lari.
¾
9 cxovelTa samyaros obieqtebiT sargeblobis licenzia.
¾
3 wyalCaSvebis licenzia, ris Sedegadac saxelmwifo biujetSi Sevida 540
lari.
¾
9 wyalaRebis licenzia, ris Sedegadac saxelmwifo biujetSi Sevida 1900
lari.
¾
2 birTvuli da radiaciuli saqmianobis
¾
315 xe-tyis eqsportis nebarTva, ris Sedegadac saxelmwifo biujetSi
Sevida 5670 lari.
¾
38 tyiTsargeblobis licenzia (tenderis wesiT gacemuli), ris Sedegadac
¾
23 xe-tyis damzadebis specialuri licenzia (auqcionis wesiT gacemuli),
ris Sedegadac saxelmwifo biujetSi Sevida 197 720 lari.
licenzia,
ris
Sedegadac
Tavi 25
saerTaSoriso TanamSromloba da
saxelmwifoTaSoriso ekologiuri problemebi
saerTaSoriso mravalmxrivi garemosdacviTi xelSekrulebebisa da konvenciebis
wevroba da saerTaSoriso donori organizaciebis daxmarebiT mimdinare programebi
aumjobesebs qveynis unars, Seasrulos Tavisi saerTaSoriso valdebulebebi, daicvas
sakuTari garemo da uzrunvelyos bunebrivi resursebis mdgradi gamoyeneba.
saqarTvelo aqtiurad TanamSromlobs mraval saerTaSoriso organizaciasTan,
romelTagan aRsaniSnavia:
− globaluri garemosdacviTi fondi (GEF);
− gaeros garemosdacviTi programa (UNEP);
− msoflio banki (WB);
82
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
−
_
gaeros ganviTarebis programa (UNDP);
evropis garemosdacviTi saagento (EEA);
atomuri energiis saerTaSoriso saagento (IAEA);
msoflio meteorologiuri organizacia (WMO);
Savi zRvis ekonomikuri TanamSromlobis organizacia (BSEC);
bunebis dacvis msoflio fondi (WWF);
evropis komisia (European Commission);
Crdilo atlantikuri xelSekrulebis organizacia (NATO);
evropaSi usafrTxoebisa da TanamSromlobis organizacia (OSCE);
gaeros evropisaTvis ekonomikuri komisia (UNECE);
evropis rekonstruqciisa da ganviTarebis banki (EBRD);
rekonstruqciis sakredito banki (KfW);
ekonomikuri TanamSromlobisa da ganviTarebis organizacia (OECD).
2005 wlis mdgomareobiT, saqarTvelo garemos dacvis sferoSi 13 saerTaSoriso konvenciasTanaa mierTebuli (cxrili 25.1). am konvenciebis egidiT saqarTvelos
samTavrobo da arasamTavrobo organizaciebis mier ganxorcielebulia mTeli rigi
RonisZiebebi, konvenciebis aRmasrulebeli organoebis sesiebis muSaobaSi monawileobis miRebis, qveynis SigniT samuSaoTa organizebis, Sesabamisi proeqtebis
Sesrulebis da sxva saxiT.
cxrili 25.1
saerTaSoriso garemosdacviTi konvenciebi,
romlebsac SeuerTda saqarTvelo
#
dasaxeleba
1.
konvencia
biomravalferovnebis Sesaxeb
2.
konvencia gadaSenebis piras
myofi veluri faunisa da
floris saxeobebiT
saerTaSoriso vaWrobis
Sesaxeb (CITES)
3.
konvencia saerTaSoriso
mniSvnelobis Warbteniani,
gansakuTrebiT wylis frinvelTa sabinadrod vargisi
teritoriebis Sesaxeb
4.
saerTaSoriso konvencia
gemebidan dabinZurebis
Tavidan acilebis Sesaxeb
miRebis
adgili da
TariRi
rio de
Janeiro
1992w.
vaSingtoni
1973w.
ZalaSi
saqarTvelos
Sesvlis
mier
TariRi
ratificirebis
(an mierTebis) saqarTvelos
aTvis
TariRi
2 ivnisi,
31 agvisto,
1994w.
1994w.
13 seqtemberi,
1996w.
12 dekemberi,
1996w.
ramsari
1971w.
30 aprili,
1996w.
28 ivlisi,
1996w.
londoni
1973w.
19 aprili,
1994w.
8 Tebervali,
1995w.
83
“MARPOL”
5.
ozonis Sris dacvis Sesaxeb
venis konvencia
•
monrealis oqmi
ozonis Sris
damSleli
nivTierebebis Sesaxeb
vena
1985w.
8 noemberi,
1995w.
21 marti,
1996w.
otava
1987w.
1995w.
1996w.
6.
Savi zRvis dabinZurebisagan
dacvis konvencia
buqaresti
1992w.
21 aprili,
1992w.
12 ianvari,
1994w.
7.
gaeros klimatis cvlilebis
CarCo konvencia
niu-iorki
1994w.
29 ivlisi,
1994w.
27.10.1994w.
kioto
1997w.
orhusi, dania
1998w.
1999 w.
16Tebervali
2005w.
2001w.
•
kiotos oqmi
8.
konvencia garemosdacviT
sakiTxebTan dakavSirebuli
informaciis
xelmisawvdomobis,
gadawyvetilebebis miRebis
procesSi sazogadoebis
monawileobisa da am sferoSi
marTlmsajulebis sakiTxebze
xelmisawvdomobis Sesaxeb
(orhusis konvencia)
9.
Sor manZilebze haeris
transsasazRvro dabinZurebis
konvencia
Jeneva
1979w.
13 ianvari,
1999w.
12 maisi,
1999w.
10.
gaeros konvencia
gaudabnoebis winaaRmdeg
brZolis Sesaxeb
konvencia saxifaTo
narCenebis transsasazRvro
gadazidvis da ganTavsebis
Sesaxeb
parizi 1994w.
1997w.
17oqtomberi,
1999w.
bazeli,
1989w.
[email protected]
1999w.
18 agvisto,
1999w.
12
konvencia gareuli
cxovelebis migrirebad
saxeobaTa dacvis Sesaxeb
boni, 1979w.
13
saqarTvelos respublikisa
da atomuri energiis
saerTaSoriso saagentos
SeTanxmeba birTvuli iaraRis
gauvrceleblobis Sesaxeb
xelSekrulebasTan
dakavSirebiT garantiebis
londoni
moskovi
vaSingtoni
1968w.
11.
84
25 ivnisi,
1998w.
2000w.
1997w.
ivnisi
2003w.
gamoyenebis Taobaze
2005
wlis
ganmavlobaSi
saqarTveloSi
mimdinareobda
mosamzadebeli
samuSaoebi kidev 9 saerTaSoriso konvenciasTan misaerTeblad (cxrili 25.2).
cxrili 25.2
saerTaSoriso garemosdacviTi konvenciebi, romlebzec mimdinareobs
(an samomavlod ganixileba) muSaoba maTTan SeerTebisaTvis
#
dasaxeleba
miRebis adgili da
TariRi
1
konvencia sawarmoo avariebis
transsasazRvro zemoqmedebis Sesaxeb
helsinki, 1992w.
2.
konvencia transsazRvro
wyalsadinarebisa da saerTaSoriso
tbebis dacvisa da gamoyenebis Sesaxeb
helsinki, 1992w.
3.
evropis veluri bunebisa da
bunebrivi habitatebis dacvis
konvencia
berni, 1979w.
4.
evropis landSafturi konvencia
florencia, 2000w.
5.
oqmi damabinZurebelTa garemoSi
gaSvebisa da maTi gadatanis reestris
Sesaxeb (orhusis konvenciis oqmi)
kievi, ukraina
6
konvencia transasazRvro konteqstSi
garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis
Sesaxeb
espuu, 1991w.
7
konvencia birTvuli avariis
SemTxvevaSi adreuli Setyobinebis
Sesaxeb
1986w.
8
konvencia birTvuli avariis an
radiaciuli avariuli situaciis
SemTxvevaSi daxmarebis Sesaxeb
1986w.
9
roterdamis konvencia saerTaSoriso
vaWrobaSi garkveul saxifaTo qimiur
nivTierebebze da pesticidebze
winaswar informirebulobis
SeTanxmebis proceduris Sesaxeb
10
biomravalferovnebis konvenciis
biousafrTxoebis kartaxenas oqmi
85
2003w.
2000 w.
11
gaeros konvencia mdgradi organuli
damabinZureblebis Sesaxeb.
stokholmi
2001w.
saxelmwifoTaSorisi TanamSromlobis ganxorcielebis mizniT, garemos dacvis
sferoSi 2005 wlisaTvis saqarTvelos dadebuli aqvs 11 xelSekruleba, romelTaganac 9 ZalaSia Sesuli:
1) memorandumi saqarTvelos respublikisa da uzbekeTis respublikis
mTavrobebs Soris garemos dacvis sferoSi TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb. 04.09.95 ZalaSia
xelmoweris dRidan.
2) memorandumi saqarTvelos respublikisa da ukrainis respublikis
mTavrobebs Soris garemos dacvis sferoSi TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb. kievi, 13.04.93
ZalaSia xelmoweris dRidan.
3) SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos respublikis da yazaxeTis respublikis mTavrobebs
Soris bunebis dacvis sferoSi TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb. 17.09.96 ZalaSia xelmoweris
dRidan.
4) SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos respublikisa da azerbaijanis respublikis mTavrobebs Soris garemos dacvis sferoSi TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb. 18.02.97 ZalaSia
08.05.97 wlidan.
5) SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos respublikisa da TurqeTis respublikis mTavrobebs
Soris garemos dacvis sferoSi TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb. 14.07.97 ZalaSia 28.03.98
wlidan.
6) SeTanxmeba saqarTvelos respublikisa da somxeTis respublikis mTavrobebs
Soris garemosa da bunebrivi resursebis dacvis sferoSi TanamSromlobis Sesaxeb.
03.06.97. ZalaSi Sevida 1997 wlis 9 seqtembers.
7) 2004 wlis 12 noembers xeli moewera „saqarTvelos mTavrobasa da daniis
samefos mTavrobas Soris kioto-s oqmis ganxorcielebis mizniT TanamSromlobis
Sesaxeb urTierTgagebis memorandums“.
8) urTierTTanamSromlobis memorandumi saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da
bunebrivi resursebis saministrosa da niderlandebis garemoze zemoqmedebis Sefasebis komisias Soris 2005 wlis 23 agvisto.
9) urTierTTanamSromlobis memorandumi saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da
bunebrivi resursebis saministrosa da avstriis respublikis soflis meurneobis,
satyeo seqtoris, garemos dacvisa da wylis resursebis martvis federalur saministros Soris. 2004 wlis 22 seqtemberi.
saqarTvelo aqtiurad monawileobs „garemo evropisaTvis“ procesSi. am procesis farglebSi 2003 wlis maisSi q. kievSi Catarda garemos dacvis ministrTa mexuTe
konferencia, romelzec miiRes aRmosavleT evropis, kavkasiis da centraluri aziis
qveynebis garemos dacvis strategia. aRsaniSnavia, rom 2001 wels aRniSnuli strategiis SemuSavebis iniciativiT gamovida saqarTvelo. strategiis saboloo mizania
garemos mdgomareobis gaumjobeseba da iohanesburgis msoflio samitis (rio+10)
gadawyvetilebaTa xorcSesxma gaeros evropis ekonomikuri komisiis regionSi. strategiam aRmosavleT evropaSi, kavkasiaSi da centraluri aziis qveynebSi safuZveli
unda daudos erovnuli garemosdacviTi politikis Semdgomi ganviTarebis mimarTulebebs. aRniSnuli strategia qveynebis mier aRiarebul iqna, rogorc gaeros evropis
ekonomikuri komisiis regionSi mravalmxrivi TanamSromlobis gaZlierebis, garemos
dacvis marTvis sistemis gaumjobesebisa da bunebrivi resursebis mdgradi gamoyenebis
efeqturi instrumenti.
86
2004 wlis oqtomberSi, saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi
resursebis saministros iniciativiT, TbilisSi gaimarTa aRmosavleT evropis,
kavkasiis da centraluri aziis qveynebis garemos dacvis ministrTa konferencia.
konferenciis mizani iyo aRmosavleT evropis, kavkasiis da centraluri aziis
qveynebis garemos dacvis strategiis ganxorcielebis mimdinareobis Sefaseba,
arsebuli problemebis gamovlena da strategiis ganxorcielebisTvis axali impulsis
micema.
saqarTvelo CarTulia “garemo da usafrTxoeba: aRmosavleT evropa, centraluri azia da kavkasia” procesSi, romlis iniciatorebi arian UNDP/UNEP/OSCE.
iniciativis mizania, iseTi ”cxeli wertilebis” gansazRvra, romlebsac SeiZleba negatiuri gavlena hqondes saxelmwifoTaSoriso urTierTobebze. iniciativis farglebSi
SemuSavdeba konkretuli proeqtebi Semdegi sami mimarTulebiT: 1) garemos mdgomareoba e.w. arakontrolirebad teritoriebze (afxazeTi, samxreT oseTi); 2) garemosdacviTi sakiTxebi transsasazRvro raionebSi; 3) garemos mdgomareoba did qalaqebSi.
iniciativis farglebSi Seiqmna specialuri samuSao jgufi, romelSic Sevida
TiTo TanamSromeli garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebisa da sagareo saqmeTa
saministroebidan,
UNDP-s
da
euTo-s
Tbilisis
ofisebidan.
iniciativis
ganmaxorcieleblebi arian euTo-sa da UNDP-is regionuli ofisebi.
Tavi 26
samecniero-kvleviTi samuSaoebi garemosdacviTi
problemebis gadaWrisa da ekologiuri usafrTxoebis
uzrunvelyofis saqmeSi
saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademiis mier 2005 wels garemosdacviTi
mimarTulebiT ganxorcielda Semdegi samuSaoebi:
SemuSavebulia saqarTvelos teritoriaze ganviTarebuli mezomasStaburi
atmosferuli procesebis arastacionaruli baroklinuri ricxviTi modeli
hidrologiuri ciklis gaTvaliswinebiT. models safuZvlad udevs atmosferos
hidroTermodinamikis gantolebaTa sruli sistema hidrostatikur miaxloebaSi, miwis
zedapiris siTburi balansis gantoleba da niadagis aqtiur fenaSi siTbosa da tenis
gadatanis gantolebebi. modificirebulia saTvleli programa algoriTmul enaze
`fortrani~. aprobaciis mizniT Catarebulia modeluri gamoTvlebi saqarTvelos
teritoriisaTvis 12km-iani horizontaluri bijis mqone saTvleli badis gamoyenebiT.
ganxilulia atmosferul haerSi mavne nivTierebis gafrqvevis da gavrcelebis
amocana. zRvis navTobiT dabinZurebis zonis dasadgenad gamoyenebulia minarevis
koncentraciis adveqciuri gadatanis da turbulenturi difuziis arastacionaruli
gantolebis ricxviTi amoxsna daRvris wyarosa da fizikur-qimiuri procesebis
gaTvaliswinebiT.
Sefasebulia
navTobis
daRvris
Sedegebi
da
mocemulia
rekomendaciebi. Sefasebulia yulevis terminal-2000 da foTi-Tbilisis sarkinigzo
magistralis monakveTze navTobis gadatanisas navTobiT niadagis SesaZlo daWuWyianebis
miaxloebiTi
raodenobrivi
maCveneblebi.
dadgenilia
zRvruli
koncentraciebis maqsimaluri mniSvnelobebi da misi gavrcelebis dro sxvadasxva
sisqis naleqebSi (hidrometeorologiis instituti).
sufsis navTobterminalis midamoebSi gamovlenilia liqenebi (20-ze meti
saxeoba), romlebic rekomendebulia haeris dabinZurebis bioindikaciisaTvis
(n.kecxovelis sax. botanikis instituti).
87
sainJinro-geologiuri TvalsazrisiT gamoyofilia ori tipis formaciebi _
metamorfuli da magmuri, romlebic agebs kavkasionis RerZul nawils. Seswavlilia
iuruli asakis naleqebi da
am formaciis qanebis fizikur-meqanikuri Tvisebebi,
maTSi ganviTarebuli Tanamedrove sainJinro-geologiuri procesebi, gansakuTrebiT
gamofitva, Rvarcofuli da mewyruli procesebi. mocemulia am procesebis ZiriTadi
gamomwvevi mizezebis analizi da maTi sawinaaRmdego RonisZiebebis rekomendaciebi
(hidrogeologiisa da sainJinro geologiis instituti).
q.Tbilisis samRebro saamqroebis `pirdapiri wiTeli-2“ saRebris Semcveli
Camdinare wylebis orsafexuriani gawmendis mizniT gamocdili da rekomendebulia
adgilobrivi askanis Tixa (r.aglaZis sax. araorganuli qimiisa da eleqtroqimiis
instituti).
ganxorcielebulia saangariSo modelis identifikacia saqarTvelosaTvis iseT
strategiul
kulturebze,
rogoricaa
saSemodgomo
xorbali
da
simindi.
damuSavebulia wylis operatiuli ganawilebis maTematikuri meTodi da dadgenilia
kulturebis mixedviT wylis operatiuli ganawilebis optimaluri variantebi,
romlis miznis funqciaa wylis resursebis deficitis pirobebSi sasoflo-sameurneo
kulturebis maRali mosavlianobis miReba.
zedapiruli morwyvis
maRali xarisxis misaRwevad, mosavlis matebisa da
ekologiuri usafrTxoebis (erozia, damlaSeba) uzrunvelsayofad damuSavebulia
resursdamzogavi
teqnologiebi.
ganxiluli
da
gadawyvetilia
veqtoruli
optimizaciis amocana wylis nakadis daumyarebeli da cvladi masiT moZraobis
pirobebSi aTamde parametris gaTvaliswinebiT. optimizaciis algoriTms safuZvlad
udevs morwyvis procesis kompiuteruli imitacia Sesabamisi Teoriuli bazisa da
ricxviTi meTodebis gamoyenebiT. miRebuli Sedegebi warmodgenilia gamartivebuli
saxiTac, uSualod fermerul meurneobebSi gamosayeneblad.
alaznisa da lakbes damlaSebuli meliorirebuli masivebis sadrenaJosakoleqtoro da sarwyav qselze permanentulad Catarebuli dakvirvebebis
safuZvelze gamovlenilia, rom mTlianad ganadgurebulia sarwyavi qseli: gabidnulia
sadrenaJo qselis 15-20%; mineralizaciis sidide meryeobs 2,3-16,0 g/l anu momlaSodan mlaSe
mineralizaciamde; dadgenilia
mineralizaciis farTo speqtri;
lakbes masivze sakoleqtoro Camonadenis mineralizacia meryeobs 1,912 g/l-mde;
Camonadenis mineralizacia mcirediT izrdeba, ese igi TandaTanobiTi gamtknarebis
procesi SeCerebulia. damuSavebulia meliorirebuli masivebis gaumjobesebis
RonisZiebebi: sarwyav sistemaSi (lakbe) wylis deficitis Sevseba, Sida sarwyavi
qselis reabilitacia da gabidnuli sadrenaJo qselis gawmenda.
gamoyvanilia
kalapotiani
nakadebis
dasaSveb
(aragamrecx)
siCqareTa
formulebi. Catarebulia am formulebis Semcvel koeficientTa gamoTvlebi.
Sedarebulia miRebuli damokidebulebebi arsebul monacemebTan da gakeTebulia maTi
analizi.
gaSuqebulia mZime Tixnar niadagebSi saxnavi da saxnavis qveda fenebis roli
drenaJis Camonadenis formirebaSi.
dadgenilia, rom susti wyalgamtarobis
niadagebSi (granulometriul Semadgenloba 85% fizikuri Tixa da filtraciis
koeficienti 0,02 g/dR.R.) Warbi wylis ZiriTadi masa drenSi saxnavis qveda fenidan
miedineba; igive wyalgamtarobis mZimeTixnar niadagebSi gruntis wylebis maRali
doneebis xangrZlivobis Semcireba damokidebulia drenebis Cawyobis siRrmeze.
mopovebulia arsebuli konkretuli wyalSemkrebi auzebisaTvis is sawyisi
monacemebi, romlebic aucilebelia niadagis ferdobuli Camorecxvis prognozirebisaTvis. safuZvlad aRebulia 1:150000-iani masStabis ruka da gamoyofilia 434
88
wyalSemkrebi auzi. miRebuli monacemebi gaanalizebuli da dajgufebulia saangariSo
modelis moTxovnebis Sesabamisad. Sedegebi warmodgenilia izoxazebiT da
kartogramis saxiT, romelTa saSualebiTac SesaZlebelia nebismieri farTobisaTvis
eroziuli procesebis ganviTarebis savaraudo ricxviTi mniSvnelobebis dadgena.
SerCeulia gansakuTrebiT mowyvladi obieqtebi, romlebic eqvemdebareba
wyaldidobebisa
da
wyalmovardnebis
damangrevel
zemoqmedebas.
movlenebis
specifikidan da teritoriebis landSaftur-klimatur-reliefuri Taviseburebebidan
gamomdinare konkretuli obieqtebisaTvis damuSavebulia mdinareTa mimdebare teritoriebis dacvis principebi sameurneo-organizaciuli RonisZiebebisa da aratradiciul
nagebobaTa gamoyenebis gziT. SemoTavazebuli meTodebi gamoirCeva ganxorcielebis
operatiulobiT, nagebobaTa konstruqciebis simartiviT da dazianebis SemTxvevaSi
maTi aRdgenis siadviliT.
ganxilulia hidromelioraciuli sistemis magistraluri arxebisa da maTi
garemomcveli sivrcis bunebriv teqnogenuri kompleqsis saimedo faqtorebis
uzrunvelyofis sainJinro-geologiuri prognozirebis safuZvlebi. dadgenilia, rom
cvlilebebi, romelic viTardeba amgvar garemoSi iwvevs axali bunebrivi landSaftis
formirebas, viTardeba ferdobis mdgradobis pirobebis damarRveveli procesebi arxis
trasaze. damuSavebulia teritoriis hidromelioraciul aTvisebasTan dakavSirebuli
negatiuri procesebis ganviTarebis prognozirebis principebi da mTis regionis
irigaciuli sistemis bunebriv-teqnogenuri kompleqsis (magistraluri arxi-garemo)
saimedoobis uzrunvelyofis pirobebi mSeneblobis periodSi, agreTve, maTi
funqcionirebis uzrunvelyofa eqsploataciis dros.
gaanalizebulia sxvadasxva nagebobebis, gansakuTrebiT kaSxlebis dazianebiT,
daberebiT, avariebiTa da katastrofebiT gamowveuli ekologiuri krizisebi.
SemoTavazebulia modelis urTierTSemavsebeli sistema, romelic aRwers mis
mdgomareobas, avariebis da katastrofebis Semamsubuqebel RonisZiebebs, dafuZnebuls
ito da foker-plank-kolmogorovis gantolebebis gadawyvetaze. dasabuTebulia
prioritetuli konkurirebadi RonisZiebebis SesaZleblobebi, rac iZleva saSualebas
gavaxangrZlivoT dazianebuli, `daberebuli~ obieqtis eqspluatacia.
Seqmnilia axali universaluri gruntgamaumjobesebeli polikompleqsis
preparati ssbm-i, damuSavebulia misi miRebis martivi teqnologia. ssbm-is mcire
dozebis gruntebSi Setanis Sedegad mkveTrad mcirdeba maqsimaluri molekuluri
wyaltevadoba, wyalSTanTqmis unari, plastikuri simkvrive, wylis kapilaruli
gadaadgileba, gajirjveba da wyalgamtaroba (hidrofobizacia). dozebis Semdgomi
gazrda iwvevs Seqmnili agregatebis erTmaneTTan Sekvras da mTliani monoliTuri,
meqanikurad mtkice polimergruntis sistemis Camoyalibebas (gamagreba). ssbm-is
gamoyenebiT damuSavebulia mZime Warbteniani niadaggruntebis gastruqturebisa,
ferdobebis eroziis sawinaaRmdego gamagrebisa da niadaggruntebis
eroziis
sawinaaRmdego da agromelioraciuli Tvisebebis gaumjobesebis kompleqsuri meTodebi.
Seswavlilia Savi zRvis orogenuli tipis Selfuri zonis sainJinrogeologiuri pirobebis ZiriTadi faqtorebis formireba. ganxilulia struqturulformaciuli sistemebis geologiuri Semadgenlobis kanonzomierebani. gamovlenilia
nooteqtonikis da seismikis roli Selfis geoteqtonikuri struqturuli blokebis
formirebisas. Catarebulia portebis akvatoriis, navsayudelebis da zRvis napirebis
damcavi nagebobebis arsebuli konstruqciebis eqspluataciis analizi, ris safuZvelzec ganxilulia ferdobebis xisti da moqnili safris muSaobis efeqtianoba.
SemuSavebulia kolxeTis sanapiro zolis dacvis meTodi myari natanis regulirebis
saSualebiT (wyalTa meurneobisa da sainJinro ekologiis instituti).
89
mimdinareobda muSaoba sasmeli da gamdinare wylis xarisxis gaumjobesebis
axali teqnologiis danergvaze (sasmeli wylis aucilebeli mikroelementebiT
gamdidreba; sayofacxovrebo, infeqciur-samkurnalo dawesebulebebis naxmari wylis
sadezinfeqcio-sasterilizacio
xsnarebiT
gawmenda
99,9%-iT)
(saqarTvelos
mTianeTis kompleqsuri Seswavlis komisia).
merisis madneuli velis Seswavlis dros dadginda madanwarmoSobis calkeuli
stadiebis mineralTa warmomqmneli hidroTermebis qimiuri Semadgenlobis msgavseba,
intruziuli masivebis mimarT mkveTrad gamoxatuli zonalobis gareSe. kavkasiaSi
pirveladaa damtkicebuli madneulis sabados oqro-barit-spilenZ-polimetaluri
madnebis hidroTermiul-danaleqi genezisi da gamadnebis kavSiri madanSemcvel
vulkanogenur-danaleqi wyebis warmomSob vulkanizmTan. dadgenilia gansxvaveba spilenZ-sulfiduri da kolCedanur-polimetaluri madnebisa da kvarc-barituli
madnebis gazur-Txevadi CanarTebis qimiur SemadgenlobaSi.
mocemulia saqarTvelos mineraluri resursebis warmoSobis, miwis qerqSi
ganawilebis da maTi ekonomikuri Sefasebis axali xedva regionis geologiuri
ganviTarebis istoriis safuZvelze. kerZod, miwis qerqis da misi calkeuli blokebis
_ tereinebis moZraobebTan dakavSirebuli magmuri, danaleqi da madanwarmoSobis
procesebi (al. janeliZis sax. geologiuri instituti).
gaanalizebulia tyibul-Saoris naxSiris sabados arsebuli samTo-geologiuri
monacemebi. dadgenilia sabados wyvetili teqtonika, misi rRvevebis koeficienti da
intensivobis maCvenebeli, ris safuZvelzec SesaZlebeli gaxda sabados dayofa
calkeul geoblokebad. dasabuTebulia tyibulis Saxtebze Tanamedrove meqanizebuli
kompleqsis efeqturad gamoyenebis SesaZlebloba, dadgenilia wmendiTi sangrevebis
gadakveTis teqnologiuri sqemebi, gaTvlilia parametrebi. sabados blokuri
aRnagobis gaTaliswinebiT damuSavebulia misi axali SaxtiT gaxsnisa da momzadebis
originaluri teqnologiuri sqema.
damuSavebulia axali kombinirebuli danadgaris _ `centridanuli tumbohidroelevatori-hidrociklonis~ resursdamzogi sqemebi, gamokvleulia moqmed
danadgarebSi mimdinare kavitaciuri procesebi da maTi Tavidan acilebis RonisZiebebi.
damuSavebulia axali Taobis pnevmaturi hidrosatransporto danadgarebis sqemebi,
sadac
gamoricxulia
Zalovani
agregatebis
hidroabraziuli
cveTa,
rac
uzrunvelyofs maTi xangamZleobis da muSaobis saimedoobis gazrdas.
gaanalizebulia tyibul-Saoris qvanaxSiris sabadosa da arsebuli Saxtebis
resursebi. gakeTebulia prognozi saqarTvelos mrewvelobaSi naxSiris moTxovnebze
uaxloes wlebSi da perspeqtivaSi. Catarebulia tyibul-Saoris sabados damuSavebisa
da sawvavi airis (meTani) zedapiruli da miwisqveSa mopovebis teqnologiebis
teqnikur-ekonomikuri analizi. ganxilulia tyibul-Saoris qvanaxSiris sabados
Semdgomi eqspluataciis perspeqtivebi arsebuli socialur-ekonomikuri pirobebis
gaTvaliswinebiT.
saqarTvelos samTomompovebeli sawarmoebis reabilitaciisaTvis SemuSavda
rekomendaciebi da RonisZiebebi:
_
damTavrda
saxelSekrulebo
samuSao
`madneulis
spilenZ-piritis
gamdidrebis kudebis hidrosatransporto milsadenebis diagnostika da hidronarevis
gadatumbvis samsafexuriani sqemis hidravlikuri gaangariSeba~;
_ institutisa da ss `WiaTurmanganumis~ erToblivi muSaobis Sedegad
realizebulia rekomendaciebi, romlebic exeba kapitaluri gvirabebidan liTonis
samagri komstruqciebis SerCeviT moxsnas maTi meoradi gamoyenebis mizniT;
90
_ Catarda madneulis sabados xelaxali pasportizacia da daixvewa sabados
damuSavebis teqnologiuri sqemebi, romlebic iTvaliswinebs madnebis saxesxvaobaTa
maRalmwarmoeblur
seleqciur
mopovebas,
samTo
ekologiuri
mdgomareobis
gaumjobesebas, sabados teqnikur gadaiaraRebas da sxv. (g.wulukiZis sax. samTo
instituti).
pirveladaa Catarebuli saqarTvelos bunebrivi filifsitebis bazaze
gardamavali liTonebis Semcveli formebis ionmimocvliTi sinTezi. dadgenilia
gardamavali liTonebis kationebis mimarT filifsitis seleqtiurobis rigi.
filifsitis SerCeviTobis gamo rekomendebulia misi gamoyeneba tyviiT da sxva
liTonebiT
dabinZurebuli
garemos
gasawmendad.
Seswavlilia
filifsitis
modificirebuli formebis adsorbciis unari wylis orTqlisa da amiakis mimarT.
Termogravimetruli meTodiT dadgenilia filifsitis modificirebuli
formebis Termuli Tvisebebis maxasiaTeblebi; ganisazRvra filifsitis modificirebuli nimuSebis dehidrataciis aqtivaciis energia. naCvenebia, rom ceoliTSi wylis
molekulaTa Semcvelobis zrdasTan erTad aqtivaciis energia mcirdeba. saqarTvelos
bunebrivi ceoliTis memcenareobaSi gamoyenebis SesaZleblobebis dasadgenad
momzadebulia Sesabamisi masalebi da Catarebulia savele samuSaoebi. pirveladaa
aprobirebuli naklebad gamoyenebuli analcimSemcveli qanebi; dadasturebulia
prolongirebuli ceoliTuri sasuqebis dabalhumusiani niadagebis gasanoyiereblad
gamoyenebis maRali efeqturoba. dadgenilia, rom ceoliTuri mTis qanebis Setana
navTobproduqtebiT dabinZurebul niadagSi xels uwyobs niadagis rekultivirebis
process. pirveladaa Catarebuli zedapirulad aqtiuri nivTierebiT filifsitis
modificireba, Seswavlilia SM–filifsitsa da SM klinoptilolitze wylis
orTqlis mimarT adsorbciis meqanizmi; gansazRvrulia SMZ-masalebisaTvis modifikatoris ceoliTis zedapirTan kavSiris energetikuli maxasiaTeblebi.
xelmisawvdomi adgilobrivi aluminsilikaturi nedleulis _ xekorZulas
sabados klinoptilolituri tufis safuZvelze SemuSavebulia ofretitisa da
foJazitis tipis ceoliTebis koloiduri ganzomilebis kristalebis sinTezis
meTodi. Zlieri mineraluri mJavebiT gamotutuli klinoptilolitidan koloiduri
ceoliTebis sinTezis optimizaciis mizniT gamokvleuli iyo sxvadasxva faqtorebis
_ temperaturis, reaqciis xangrZlivobis, reagentebis Tanafardobis da a.S. gavlena
miznobrivi produqtis bunebasa da gamosavalze. sinTezirebuli ceoliTebi daxasiaTebulia rentgenografiuli, infrawiTeli speqtroskopuli da eleqtronulmikroskopuli meTodebiT. Seswavlili iyo, agreTve, miRebuli ceoliTebis adsorbcia
benzolisa da n-heqsanis mimarT (p.meliqiSvilis sax. fizikuri da organuli qimiis
instituti).
SemuSavebulia torfidan organul-mineraluri sasuqis warmoebis originaluri
teqnologia, romelic gadis sawarmoo gamocdas (s.durmiSiZis sax. bioqimiis da
bioteqnologiis instituti).
Seqmnilia saqarTvelos sokoebis (1622 saxeoba), liqenebis (320 saxeoba),
wyalmcenareebis (836 saxeoba) da xavsebis (213 saxeoba) monacemTa baza. dadgenilia
Sida qarTlis yomral niadagebSi aqtinomicetebis, azotmafiqsirebeli baqteriebisa
da sokoebis zogierTi jgufis raodenobrivi Semadgenloba.
dazustebulia saqarTvelos floris Orchidaceae-s ojaxis taqsonomiuri
struqtura da nomenklatura, gavrceleba saqarTvelos botanikur-geografiuli
raionebis mixedviT; gansazRvrulia iSviaT saxeobaTa statusebi bunebisa da bunebrivi
resursebis dacvis saerTaSoriso kavSiris (IUCN) kategoriebis mixedviT. dadgenilia
am ojaxis palinomorfologiuri tipebi. gvarebi sistematizebulia mtvris
91
marcvlebisa da poliniumebis agebulebis, aperturis tipebisa da egzinis
struqturis mixedviT. naCvenebia, rom saxeobebis identifikaciisaTvis SesaZlebelia
mtvris marcvlis zomisa da aperturis struqturis gamoyeneba.
dadgenilia msoflios mcenareTa wiTel nusxaSi Setanili saxeobis _
kabaWrelas (Erytronium caucasicum) mdedrobiTi da mamrobiTi generaciuli sferoebis
formirebis Tanamimdevruli fazebi, mtvris marcvlis fertilobis xarisxi,
damtvervisa da ganayofierebis procesebi, Teslwarmoqmnis potenciuri da realuri
SesaZlebloba. dazustebulia misi areali saqarTvelos farglebSi. am mcenaris
Tesli Senaxulia botanikis institutSi arsebul Teslis bankSi, Seqmnilia ex situ
koleqcia (n.kecxovelis sax.botanikis instituti).
Tbilisis gamwvanebaSi gamovlenilia 312 saxeobis da 41 dekoratiuli formis
mcenare, maT Soris, yinvagamZlea 302, yinvisgan ziandeba 47, yinvas ver itans 3,
gvalvagamZlea 160 saxeoba, msxmoiarobs 328. Seswavlil mcenareTa Soris 18 iSviaTi,
reliqturi da endemuri saxeobaa. qalaqis gamwvanebisaTvis SerCeuli da rekomendebulia 58 saxeobis gvalva- da yinvagamZle merqniani mcenare, romelTagan xea 21.
centralur botanikur baRSi Segrovili mikologiuri masalis mikroskopuli
analizisa da identifikaciis Sedegebi warmodgenilia 1000-ze meti saherbariumo
nimuSiT. gamovlenilia 350-ze meti saxeobis mcenareze gavrcelebuli sokoebis 500mde saxeoba da forma, maT Soris, nacrovani, janga da usruli soko. dadgenilia
mniSvnelovani
mravali
siaxle
(100-mde),
romlebic
moicavs
saqarTvelos
mikobiotisaTvis aqamde ucnob sokoebs da mcenareTa im saxeobebs, romlebzec
sokoebis esa Tu is saxeoba saqarTveloSi aqamde ar iyo cnobili. Catarebulia
centraluri botanikuri baRis herbifiluri sokovani kompleqsebis sistematikurekologiuri analizi. ganxilulia maT formirebasa, sezonuri gamravlebasa da
fitopaTologiur mniSvnelobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebi.
dadgenilia quTaisis parkebis, skverebis, quCebis adgilobrivi da introducirebuli merqniani mcenareebis bioekologiuri Taviseburebebi da sistematikuri
Semadgenloba. gairkva 48 ojaxis 89 gvari da 137 saxeoba. Seswavlil mcenareTa
aRricxvisa da aRweris masalebis safuZvelze kompiuteruli programis Microsoft
Access 2003-is gamoyenebiT Seiqmna monacemTa baza, romelic warmodgenilia ZiriTadi
cxrilis, bazaSi Sesatani formebisa da informaciis beWdviTi versiis saxiT.
Seswavlilia Ria da daxuruli gruntis saqarTvelos floris da egzotur
mcenareTa bioekologiuri Taviseburebebi. dazustebulia fenofazebi, biometruli
maCveneblebi. Seswavlilia gamravlebis, moyvanis da movlis sakiTxebi, dekoratiulobis maxasiaTeblebi da misi xangrZlivoba. introducirebuli mcenareebidan Sedgenilia
asortimenti yvavilovani formebisaTvis, samrewvelo-asaWrelad rogorc aRmosavleT,
ise dasavleT saqarTvelos pirobebisaTvis da aseve interierebis fitodizainisaTvis.
SemuSavebulia axali asortimentis mcenareebis danergvis mxatvruli formebi
sxvadasxva kompoziciebis saxiT.
dazustebulia centralur botanikur baRSi introducirebuli da bunebrivad
mozardi samkurnalo mcenareebis saxeobrivi Semadgenloba, ris Sedegadac
aRricxulia 193 saxeobis introducirebuli da 260-mde saxeobis bunebrivad
mozardi samkurnalo mcenare. gamovlenilia iSviaTi da gadaSenebadi saxeobebi,
dadgenilia mcenareTa ganviTarebis fenofazebi da gamravlebis Taviseburebebi,
gansazRvrulia maTi zrda-ganviTarebis SemzRudavi faqtorebi, aseve, fenofazebis mimdinareobis Taviseburebebisa da ekofaqtorebis korelaciuri urTierTdamokidebuleba.
Seswavlilia
Iridacea-s
da
AAsteraceae-s
ojaxebis
bioekologiuri
Taviseburebebi, maTi zrda-ganviTarebis ritmi, morfogenezi, generaciuli da
vegetatiuri organoebis ganviTareba, ex siti gamravleba. Catarebulia kulturaSi
92
Seswavlil mcenareTa ekofitocenozuri, ekomorfologiuri cvalebadobis da
adaptaciis SesaZleblobis analizi. garkveulia, rom Seswavlili mcenareebi
kulturaSi amJRavnebdnen adaptaciis maRal unars, kargad eguebian Tbilisis aridul
pirobebs. kavkasiis merqniani da balaxovani mcenareebi Sefasebulia IUCN kategoriebiT. kvlevis Sedegad rekomendebulia 24 saxeobis endemuri da iSviaTi merqniani,
aseve 32 saxeobis balaxovani mcenare landSaftur arqiteqturaSi gamosayeneblad
(centraluri botanikuri baRi).
dadgenilia, rom baTumis botanikuri baRis pirobebSi introducirebul
mcenareTa adaptacias ZiriTadad, gansazRvravs zrdis ritmi – apikaluri da
kambialuri zrdis periodebis xangrZlivoba, organul nivTierebaTa dagroveba da
gardaqmna, zamTarSi ujredis osmosuri wnevisa da siblantis mateba da
zamTargamZleoba. sxvadasxva geografiuli warmoSobis 22 saxeobis introducirebul
mcenareze Catarebuli savele eqsperimentuli cdebis SedegebiT da maTi
ekofiziologiuri
Taviseburebebis
detaluri
SeswavliT
dadgenilia,
rom
saqarTvelos SavizRvispireTSi yvelaze perspeqtiuli da mizanSewonilia farTod
dainergos Semdegi saxeobebi: Cannamomum Ioureirii, Distilium racemosum, Hamamelis
virginina, Neolitzea sericean, Olearia panikulata, Parotia persica, Pittpsporum tobira, P.
Phloribundum, P. daphiphiloidez, Raphiolepis umbellata, Rhododendron decorum.
SemuSavebulia rekomendaciebi, romlebic iTvaliswinebs baTumis botanikuri
baRis koleqciidan amovardnili lamazad moyvavile balaxovani mcenareebis:
AAntirrhinum majus L., Cheiranthus cheiri L., Campanula medium L., escholtia californica
Cham., Anemone coronaria L., Convallaria majalis L. _ reintroduqcias. gamovlenilia
aWaris zRvis sanapiros gamwvanebisaTvis perspeqtiuli endemebi: Cyclamen adzaricum,
Pramula megazeifolia, Jris lazica, Calantus woronowii, Helleborus caucasicus, Paenia
macrophylla.
dazustebulia aWaris floristuli raionis maRalmTis ekotonis endemuri
floris saxeobrivi Semadgenloba. igi warmodgenilia 120 saxeobiT, romlebic
miekuTvneba 34 ojaxsa da 79 gvars, rac aWaris mTeli maRalmTis floristuli
Semadgenlobis 12,9%-s Seadgens. aWaris maRalmTianeTis ekotonis endemuri floris
geografiuli struqtura Semdegia: kavkasiis endemebi _ 48, kolxeTis endemebi – 47,
aWara-lazeTis endemebi – 6, saqarTvelos endemebi – 16, aWaris endemebi – 3 saxeoba.
aRwerilia aWaraSi gavrcelebuli iSviaTi da qrobadi citrusovani jiSebi.
gamravlebuli da SenarCunebulia botanikuri baRis koleqciaSi forToxal–
koroliokis iSviaTi formebi, mcireTesliani forToxali; limonebidan: ueklo,
evrika, dioskuria da qaba limoni; mandarinebidan: tiaxara unSiu, kovane vase,
klementini; Sedokebidan: msxliseburi da mrgvali Sedoki; greifrutebidan: uTeslo
marSi; kinkanebidan: marumi, nagami, Calmiseburi pompelmusi da sxv. Semotanilia
citrusebisaTvis sruliad axali saZireebi _ `karizo~ (aSS), `santamaria~ (israeli),
romlebzedac damynili citrusebi TiTqmis orjer swrafi zrdiT xasiaTdeba.
gamovlenili da Seswavlilia forToxlis sxvadasxva jiSis 30-mde perspeqtiuli
kloni, romelTa nawili ukve gamravlebulia.
dadgenilia, rom
laboratoriul pirobebSi soko – antagonosti aferxebs
paTogeni sokos miceliumis zrda-ganviTarebas da iwvevs mis TandaTanobiT liziss.
savele pirobebSi Tr. lignorumi-is niadagSi SetaniT izRudeba Turquli mixakis
fuzariozuli Wknobis ganviTareba da nergebis gamosavlianoba izrdeba 27-32%-iT
(baTumis botanikuri baRi).
ganxilulia zugdidis botanikuri baRis ##31, 32, 33, 34 TargebSi
gavrcelebuli xe-buCqovani da merqniani mcenareebis biologiis, ekologiisa da
agroteqnikis sakiTxebi. aRniSnul TargebSi Crdilo amerikis, Sua aziis, CineT93
iaponiis, xmelTaSua zRvis, evropis da sxva qveynebis mcenareebis Seswavlam gviCvena,
rom isini Seguebulia adgilobriv niadag-klimatur piroebebs da farTo gamoyeneba
hpova dasavleT saqarTvelos umravles regionebSi. maTi gamoyeneba warmatebiT
SeiZleba dekoraciul mebaReobasa da satyeo meurneobaSi (samegrelos samxareo sa-
mecniero centri).
Seswavlilia
wiflnari
koromebis
aRnagoba,
romelic
xasiaTdeba
mravalsarTulianobiT, nairxnovanebiT da sasaqonlo struqturiT. dadgenilia
aRmosavleT saqarTvelos wiflnarebSi merqniT sargeblobis ZiriTadi principebi,
uwyveti sargeblobis xangrZlivi periodis gaTvaliswinebiT.
Seswavlilia Telebis, Rviebis, qarTuli nekerCxlis da lafanis saxeobebi da
maTi gavrcelebis dinamika vertikaluri sartylebis mixedviT, koromebisa da
biojgufebis Tanamedrove mdgomareoba, garemopirobebis gavlena maT zrdaganviTarebaze, kambiumis aqtivobis da merqnis radialuri Semateba garemo-pirobebTan
dakavSirebiT, maTi merqnis anatomiuri struqtura da Tvisebebi, Teslmsxmoiaroba da
bunebrivi ganaxleba, maTi mavnebel-daavadebani, medegobis xarisxi garemos samrewvelo
dabinZurebis mimarT. damuSavebulia maTi genofondis SenarCunebisa da gamravlebis
RonisZiebebi.
Seswavlilia TrialeTis qedis subalpuri tyis ZiriTadi formaciebi.
gamovlenilia maTi zemoqmedeba aRmosavleT saqarTvelos niadagebis wyalmarTv
Tvisebebze, Txier zedapirul Camonadensa da eroziul procesebze. dadgenilia
sxvadasxva Semadgenlobis, sixSirisa (0,7-0,8; 0,5-0,6; 0,3-0,4) da aRnagobis
subalpuri sartylis ZiriTadi tyis formaciebis (arynarebis, arynar-nekerCxlianebis,
arynar-Wnavnarebis, maRalmTis muxnarebis, sosnovskis fiWvnarebis, sosnovskis fiWvis
kulturebis, kavkasiuri dekis aryebis) wyaldacviTi Tvisebebi da maTi mniSvneloba
Txieri zedapiruli Camonadenis regulirebisa da eroziuli procesebis aRkveTis
saqmeSi.
dadgenilia mosaxleobis dasvenebis adgilebSi rekreaciuli datvirTvis
intensivobis gavlena niadagis biologiur aqtivobasa da fizikur Tvisebebze.
Seswavlilia onis, saCxerisa da zestafonis satyeo meurneobebis muxnarebis
paTologiuri mdgomareoba. gamovlenilia muxis fesvebis TeTri sidamplis gamomwvevi
sokoebi da foTlebis nacari.
gamovlenilia muxis foTlis 8, Reroebis 8, fesvebis 1 da nayofebis 3 mavne
mweri. damuSavebulia maTTan brZolis RonisZiebebi.
Seswavlilia kaspis, duSeTis, sagarejos raionebis foTlovan tyeSi arafardi
parkxvevias gavrcelebis xasiaTi. maT winaaRmdeg gamocdilia axali bioinseqtokariciduli preparati. dadgenilia am preparatis entomociduri aqtivoba, gansazRvrulia
misi biologiuri efeqturoba.
Seswavlilia naZvis gavrcelebis ukidures aRmosavleT sazRvarze wiflis
Serevis gavlena niadagis nayofierebaze. dadgenilia, rom es ukanasknelni miekuTvneba
tyis yomral niadagebs, romlebic garkveulwilad gansxvavdeba tyis fitocenozebis
mixedviT. naTlad gamoikveTa naZvnarebsa da soWnarebSi wiflis 1-2 erTeuliT
Serevis dadebiTi gavlena, rac gamoixateba niadagis mJave reaqciis ganeitralebaSi,
STanTqmis tevadobis gazrdaSi, niadagis humusiTa da azotiT gamdidrebaSi.
Seswavlilia teqnogenuri dabinZurebis gavlena xe-mcenareebsa
da maT
biojgufebze. gamovlenilia teqnogenuri dabinZurebisadmi mdgradi
merqniani
saxeobebi.
Seswavlilia borjom-bakurianis satyeo meurneobis naZvnarebis satyeopaTologiuri mdgomareoba. dadgenilia, rom wina wlebTan SedarebiT mbeWdavi
qerqiWamias anu tipografis gamravlebis intesivoba Semcirebulia, magram aRiniSneba
94
dendroqtonis anu naZvis didi lafniWamias gaaqtiureba (v.gulisaSvilis sax. samTo
metyeveobis instituti).
Catarda konferenciebi:
`mcenareTa introduqcia, bunebrivi da kulturuli floris genofondis
dacvis problemebi mesame aTaswleulis dasawyisSi~ (baTumis botanikuri baRi);
`foTolmRrRneli mavneblebi da maTTan brZolis integrirebuli sistemebi~
(v.gulisaSvilis sax. samTo metyeveobis instituti).
Seswavlilia Tbilisis zRvis biologiuri produqtiuloba. dadgenilia
Termuli reJimi, wylis gamWvirvalobis sezonuri dinamika, wyalSi gaxsnili
Tavisufali Jangbadis absoluturi mniSvnelobis da JangbadiT wylis gajerebis
xarisxis cvlileba siRrmis mixedviT, wylis pH, organuli nivTierebebis jamuri
raodenobis maCveneblis _ wylis permanganatuli Jangvadobis cvlilebebis xarisxi,
amoniumis ionis, nitrat ionis da mineraluri fosforis wliuri dinamikis kavSiri
fitoplanqtonis fotosinTezuri intensivobis sezonur cvlilebasTan. dadgenilia
planqtonis jamuri dReRamuri da wliuri pirveladi produqciis da destruqciis
sezonuri dinamika, planqtonis mier mzis radiaciis aTvisebis xarisxi da planqtonis
pirveladi produqciis transformaciis efeqti trofikuli jaWvis bolo rgolamde.
fotosinTezis intensivobis mixedviT Tbilisis wyalsacavi tipuri oligotrofuli
wyalsatevebis kategorias miekuTvneba, jamuri wliuri produqciis sididis mixedviT
ki is mezotrofulSi gadadis. Seswavlilia wylis mineralizaciis dinamika. igi
miekuTvneba mtknar wylebs CCa indeqsiT. dadgenilia saprofituli baqteriebis
ricxovnobis wliuri dinamika. Seswavlilia zooplanqtonis da zoobenTosis
saxeobrivi Semadgenlobis, ricxovnobis da biomasis sezonuri dinamika.
Seswavlilia
q.Tbilisis
zoologiuri
parkis
binadar
cxovelTa
parazitologiuri mdgomareoba. gamokvleulia 6 saxeobis 44 egz. frinveli da 22
saxeobis 80 egz. ZuZumwovari. gamovlenilia rig daavadebaTa gamomwvevi parazitebi.
koprologiuri gamokvlevebis Sedegad registrirebulia koqcidiozis gamomwvevi
umartivesi Eimeria anseris Kotlain batebSi. 12 saxeobis 20 egz. ZuZumwovarSi
aRiniSna koqcidiozisa da helminTozebis gamomwvevi parazitebi oocistebis,
kvercxebisa da larvebis saxiT. invaziis maRali procenti aRiniSna mtacebel
cxovelebSi, primatebSi da CliqosnebSi. helminTebis cirkulaciasa da rezervaciaSi
uxerxemlo cxovelebis rolis dadgenis mizniT zooparkis teritoriaze gamokvleul
iqna 65 egz. baRis lokokina da 64 egz. Wiayela. Wiayelebi Tavisuflebi aRmoCndnen
parazitebisagan, lokokinebi ki masiurad iyvnen dainvazirebulni helminTebis, kerZod,
trematodebis larvebiT. Tavisufal da dainvazirebul baRis lokokinebSi
speqtrofotometruli meTodis gamoyenebiT gansazRvruli iqna cilis saerTo
raodenoba. orive jgufis cxovelebSi miRebuli Sedegebi statistikurad ar
gansxvavdeboda erTmaneTisagan, rac SeiZleba aixsnas parazitsa da maspinZels Soris
adaptaciuri procesebis arsebobiT. gamokvleul iqna zooparkis teritoriaze
mopovebuli 14 egz. tbis bayayi da 25 egz. saxlis beRura. maTSi registrirebulia
parazituli umartivesebi - Lankesterella minima, Gorgodera cygnoides, Haemoproteus
danilevskyi, Atoxoplasma garnhami (zoologiis instituti).
komisiam monawileoba miiRo konferenciaSi (daba yazbegi), sadac daisaxa
mgelze nadirobis aucileblobis programa (saqarTvelos mTianeTis kompleqsuri
Seswavlis komisia).
95
uSiSroebis
identifikacia da
samsaxuris
eqspertiza
dakveTiT Catarebulia gamosxivebis
radiometruli da γ-speqtrometruli
wyaroebis
meTodebiT
(e.andronikaSvilis sax. fizikis instituti).
gaanalizebulia
saqarTvelos
teritoriaze
ekosistemebSi
teqnogenuri
warmoSobis radionuklidebis Semcveloba, dagrovebisa da migraciis dinamika bolo
30-wliani periodisaTvis. naCvenebia bunebrivi radiaciuli fonis cvlilebis dinamika,
ekosistemebSi radioizotopebis ganawilebis tendencia regionis mixedviT da maTi
wvlili bunebrivi radioaqtiuri fonis cvlilebaSi. damyarebulia kavSiri
globaluri daWuWyianebis, atmosferul miwispira fenaSi da horizontalur
planSetze radionuklidebis koncentraciis cvlilebasa da masiuri naleqebis
raodenobas Soris. gamoTvlilia, rom korelaciis koeficienti mosuli naleqebis
saSualo mravalwliur raodenobasa da minarevTa saSualo koncentraciebs Soris
miwispira atmosferoSi 0,36-is, xolo horizontalur planSetze radionuklidebis
koncentraciasa da mosul naleqTa raodenobas Soris - 0,975-is tolia.
(hidrometeorologiis instituti).
Tbilissa da saqarTvelos sxvadasxva regionebSi Catarebulia samuSao
radioekologiuri viTarebis da misi dinamikis dadgenis, radiaciuli riskis da
mosaxleobis dozuri datvirTvebis Sefasebis mizniT. Seswavlili da ganzogadebulia
onkoepidemiologiuri viTareba anTropogenuri da bunebrivi radionukliduri
anomaliebis zonebSi. dadgenilia, rom ganeduri mdebareobis gamo CrdiloeT
naxevarsferoSi mdebare teritoriebs Soris kavkasia radioaqtiurad erT-erTi
yvelaze daWuWyianebuli regionia. es dakavSirebulia
atmosferoSi birTvuli
iaraRis gamocdebTan, romlebic gasul saukuneSi Catarda. kvlevis uSualo sagani
iyo meoradi (atmosferoSi) da mesameuli (niadagSi) gadatanisas izotopuri
fraqcionireba, rac mTlianad ganpirobebulia garemosa da izotopebis qimizmiT.
dasavleT saqarTvelos bunebriv areebSi gamovlenilia radionuklidebis migraciis
mTeli rigi anomaliebi. modeluri eqsperimentebis da bunebriv pirobebSi Catarebuli
eqspediciuri kvlevis Sedegebis mixedviT dazustebulia sxvadasxva areSi
radiaciuli izotopebis migraciis kanonzomierebebi. am monacemTa safuZvelze SesaZlebelia bunebriv areebSi sxvadasxva radionuklidis Semcvelobis da mosalodneli
radioaqtiuri datvirTvebis Sefaseba (radiobiologiisa da radiaciuli ekologiis
samecniero-kvleviTi centri).
institutSi damuSavebul maTematikur modelebSi calkeul komponentebad
mocemulia saavtomobilo transportis moZraobis dros warmoqmnili grZivi da
vertikaluri rxevebi, romlebic mZRols gadaecema rogorc saerTo, aseve lokaluri
vibraciis saxiT. TviT mZRolis rxevebSi gaTvaliswinebulia misi nervul-kunTovani
sistemis fiziologiuri maxasiaTeblebi. modeluri gamokvlevebiT Seswavlilia
adamianis centralur nervul da kunTovan sistemebze moqmedi vibraciis parametrebis
gavlena. dadgenilia is saSiSi zonebi, romlebic iwvevs biomeqanikuri sistemis
rogorc calkeuli nawilebis, aseve mTliani sistemis mdgradobis dakargvas
rezonansuli reJimis gavleniT. es ukanaskneli iwvevs mZRolis mniSvnelovan
daRlilobas satransporto saSualebebis xangrZlivi moZraobis dros (R.dvalis sax.
manqanaTa meqanikis instituti).
bocvrebze 50 hc sixSiris 3,6 mt induqciis eleqtromagnituri velis
mravaljeradi erTsaaTiani zemoqmedebis Sedegad miRebuli monacemebiT kidev erTxel
dadasturebulia, rom simpaTikotoniki bocvrebi gamoirCevian garemos nebismieri
gamRizianeblis mimarT momatebuli mgrZnobelobiT da naklebi rezistentobiT.
96
Seswavlilia 50 hc sixSiris eleqtromagnituri velis zemoqmedebis Sedegad
wiTeli sisxlis sistemaSi ganviTarebuli procesebis dinamika. kvleva warmoebda
principulad axali meToduri midgomiT, romelic efuZneba periferiuli sisxlis
eriTrocitTa
populaciuri
speqtrebis
raodenobriv
analizs.
gamovlenili
kanonzomierebebis SejerebiT dadgenilia, rom zemoqmedebis Semdgom periodSi
periferiuli sisxlis eriTrocitebsa da sisxlis plazmas Soris irRveva osmosuri
balansi, rac SeiZleba ganpirobebuli iyos sisxlSi tute-mJavuri balansis,
eleqtrolituri an raime sxva sistemuri xasiaTis ZvrebiT. periferiuli sisxlis
eriTrocitebis moculobaTa mateba ganapirobebs maTi xarisxis gauaresebas, rac
avtomaturad iwvevs maTi aqtiuri Tu pasiuri destruqciis intensifikacias anu
intensiur daberebas. es, pirvel rigSi, Seexeba eriTrocitTa SedarebiT ufro
xandazmul fraqcias. neiroqimiuri da qcevaTmecnieruli gamokvlevebiT dadgenilia,
rom bunebiT agresiul da araagresiul virTagvebSi 50 hc sixSiris da 1,5 mt induqciis eleqtromagnituri velis wyvetili da uwyveti qronikuli zemoqmedeba
iwvevs rogorc agresiulobis gamovlenas, ise mis eliminirebas srul gaqrobamde.
naCvenebia, rom eleqtromagnituri velis qronikuli zemoqmedeba ar arRvevs ukve
gamomuSavebul aqtiuri ganridebis reaqcias (radiobiologiisa da radiaciuli
ekologiis samecniero-kvleviTi centri).
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros centr `stiqiasTan~
erToblivad gamokvleulia saqarTvelos teritoriaze ganxorcielebuli stiqiuri
procesebis mdgomareobisa da 2004-2005 wlebSi maTi eqstremaluri gaaqtiurebis
sakiTxebi. damuSavebulia Semajamebeli dinamikuri angariSi. masSi gaanalizebuli da
ganzogadebulia saqarTvelos calkeul regionebSi da mTlianad qveyanaSi stiqiuri
procesebis saerTo mdgomareoba, 2004 wlis Sedegebi da saSiSroebis riski 2005
wlisaTvis. ganxilulia procesebis reaqtivaciis mTavari bunebriv-anTropogenuri
faqtorebi, procesebiT dazianebis xarisxi 2004 wels. mocemulia gansakuTrebiT
saSiS obieqtebze operatiulad gansaxorcielebeli paliatiuri da prevenciuli
RonisZiebebi. zogad Sefasebasa da daskvnebTan erTad, TiToeuli regionisaTvis, administraciuli mxareebisa da raionebis mixedviT, detaluradaa daxasiaTebuli
stiqiuri
procesebiT
Seqmnili
mdgomareoba.
masalebi
gadaeca
regionebis
xelmZRvanelobas operatiuli qmedebisaTvis.
gaica ramdenime sainJinro-geologiuri saeqsperto daskvna-rekomendacia:
_ ambrolauris raionis sof. genduSis teritoriaze ganviTarebul mewyrul
procesebTan dakavSirebuli saSiSroebis Sesaxeb;
_ gumaThesisa da rionhesis dasaxlebebze stiqiiT gamowveuli kataklizmebisagan
mosaxleobis saSiSroebis Tavidan acilebis Taobaze;
_ gakeTda saeqsperto daskvna `saqwyalproeqtis~ mier damuSavebul proeqtze `baqo-sufsis navTobsadenis saSiSroeba md. lexuris gadakveTaze~;
_ gakeTda Sefaseba transkavkasiis gazsadenebis mdinareebis yurosa da abarjinas
RvarcofebiT miyenebuli saSiSroebis Sesaxeb da daisaxa saTanado RonisZiebebi
(vaxuSti bagrationis sax. geografiis instituti).
dadgenilia Tanamgzavrul suraTebze asaxuli setyvasaSiSi saRrublo
sistemebis tipebi sikaSkaSis, struqturis da minoptikur procesebTan maTi kavSiris
mixedviT.
SemuSavebulia
rekomendaciebi
setyvasaSiSroebis
prognozisaTvis
Tanamgzavruli informaciis gamoyenebiT.
gamoTvlili
da
gaanalizebulia
elWeqian
dReTa
ricxvis
ZiriTadi
statistikuri maxasiaTeblebi, Sedgenilia elWeqian dReTa ricxvis cvalebadobis
Sesabamisi cxrili, romelic gamoyenebul iqna tendenciis dasadgenad. dadgenilia
97
trendis maxasiaTeblebi. maTi analizis safuZvelze Sedgenilia sqematuri ruka.
dadgenilia am areebis kavSiri temperaturuli cvlilebebis areebis rukasTan.
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros garemos fonuri
monitoringis centrs praqtikul samsaxurSi gamosayeneblad gadaeca angariSebi:
_ md. maSaveras Tanamedrove ekoqimiuri mdgomareobis Sefaseba;
_ aRmosavleT saqarTvelos damlaSebul niadagebSi gamaWuWyianebul nivTierebaTa
gavrcelebis zogierTi Tavisebureba;
_ Savi zRvis auzis mdinareebSi fulvo da humino mJavebis migraciis
kanonzomiereba;
_ bunebrivi garemos komponentebSi (atmosferuli haeri, zedapiruli da
miwisqveSa wylebi, Savi zRvis akvatoriis saqarTvelos seqtori, niadagi)
nivTierebaTa gadatanis maTematikuri modelireba (SemdgomSi saprognozo sqemebis
damuSavebisaTvis).
angariSebSi mocemulia rekomendaciebi ekosistemebis gajansaRebisa da
mdgomareobis gaumjobesebisaTvis.
araxelsayrel hidrometeorologiur movlenebze aqtiuri zemoqmedebisa da
radiolokaciuri uzrunvelyofis samsaxurs gadaeca:
_ saqarTvelos samxedro gzis zvavsaSiSroebis ruka;
_ dasavleT saqarTvelos zvavsaSiSroebis ZiriTadi raodenobrivi maxasiaTeblebis
Tavisebureba da gamovlenili zvavsaSiSi mravali sameurneo obieqtebis da
dasaxlebuli punqtebis CamonaTvali;
_ meToduri miTiTebebi aRmosavleT saqarTvelos mdinareTa wyaldidobebis
maqsimaluri xarjebis prognozis Sesadgenad.
saxelmwifo mniSvnelobis mSenebare obieqtis _ yulevis terminalis rkinigzis
daproeqtebasTan dakavSirebiT Sesrulda Tema `rionisa da xobis SesarTavebs Soris
mdebare teritoriis saSiSi wyaldidobebisa da wyalmovardnebis Sefaseba~, rac
gamoyenebuli iqna rkinigzis proeqtis teqnikur-ekonomikuri dasabuTebisaTvis.
saqarTvelos gzebis saxelmwifo departament `transproeqtisaTvis~ Sesrulda
Semdegi proeqtebi:
_ `md.rionze sof. JamiereTTan saxide gadasasvleli (proeqtis hidrologiuri da
hidravlikuri dasabuTeba)~;
_ `saavtomobilo gza lentexi-bavarisi (md.xeledulas marcxena Rvarcoful
Senakadze
md.
mananurze
xidis
proeqtis
sainJinro-hidrologiuri
da
hidravlikuri dasabuTeba Camonadenis Rvarcofuli xasiaTis gaTvaliswinebiT)~.
Sps. `geoinjineringisaTvis~ Sesrulda Semdegi proeqtebi:
_ alaverdi-alvanis saavtomobilo gzaze, md.alazanze arsebuli xidis
regulaciis aRdgenis (reabilitaciis) saSualebebi;
_ Coxatauri-baxmaros saavtomobilo gzis 21-e km-ze md. gubazeulis marjvena
napiris damcavi nagebobebis reabilitacia da srulyofa. (proeqtis hidrologiuri da
hidravlikuri dasabuTeba) (hidrometeorologiis instituti).
saqarTveloSi 2005 wlis maisSi ganviTarebul stiqiur movlenebTan
sabrZolvelad SemuSavebul iqna Sesabamisi RonisZiebebi, romlebic institutSi
damuSavebul samaxsovro broSurasTan erTad gadaecaT dazaralebuli regionebis
xelmZRvanelobas.
duSeTis xevis kalapotSi ganxorcielebuli savele-saeqspluatacio kvlevis
Sedegebi gamoyenebulia `saqhidroproeqtis~ mier ganxorcielebul proeqtSi
`duSeTis xevis regulireba~, romelsac afinansebs msoflio banki (wyalTa
meurneobisa da sainJinro ekologiis instituti).
98
gaanalizebulia kompiuteruli programa, romelic dekompoziciis meTodis
gamoyenebis safuZvelze gansazRvravs asakisa da sqesis gavlenas sicocxlis
mosalodneli xangrZlivobis cvlilebaze. Sedgenilia `saqarTvelos demografiuli
weliwdeuli~ (2004 w.), romelic Seicavs monacemebs saqarTvelos mosaxleobis
raodenobisa da asakobriv-sqesobrivi Semadgenlobis Sesaxeb. mokvdaobis cxrilebis
dadebiTi da uaryofiTi mxareebis gaTvaliswinebis safuZvelze mocemulia mokvdaobis
koeficientebis cvlilebebis dinamika saqarTveloSi (1989-2004 ww.). Seswavlilia
mSobelTa rwmenis sistemebi kulturaSi. gaanalizebulia faqtorebi, romlebic
gavlenas
axdens
mSobelTa
Sexedulebebsa
da
molodinebze.
ganxilulia
kroskulturuli uaxlesi gamokvlevebis Sedegebi (demografiisa da sociologiuri
kvlevis instituti).
jilexis serologiur eqsperes-sadiagnostikod Seswavlilia eriTrocituli
imunoglobulinuri diagnostikumebis da maRalaqtiuri hiperimunuri Sratebis
gamoyeneba. Sratebidan gawmendili antisxeulebis maRali koncentraciis Semcveli
fraqciis misaRebad aprobirebulia sxvadasxva meTodi. naCvenebia, rom saukeTeso
Sedegebis misaRebad yvelaze optimalurad unda CaiTvalos diuberis meTodi, romlis
meSveobiT diagnostikumis mgrZnobeloba Seadgens 20-30 aTas mikrobul sxeuls
(g.eliavas sax. baqteriofagiis, mikrobiologiisa da virusologiis instituti).
mosaxleobis reproduqciuli daberebis da dRegrZelobis sakiTxebis Seswavlam
aCvena, rom q.Tbilisis mosaxleoba xasiaTdeba yvela im niSniT, rac panmiqsiur
populacias Seesabameba. am niSnebs miekuTvneba migracia raionebidan centrisaken, rac
sakmaod mkafiod gamoCnda qorwinebaTa struqturaSi. dadgenilia, rom 2000 wels
meqorwineTa mxolod 28,27% iyo Tbilisis qarTuli mosaxleobis mkvidri, rac 1/3ze naklebia. mosaxleobis aRwarmoebisaTvis ki reproduqciuli moculoba 1/3-s unda
aRematebodes. 2002 wlis aRweris monacemebiT q.Tbilisis mosaxleobaSi 65 da meti
asakis wili 10,54%-s Seadgens, rac amJamad arsebuli klasifikaciiT ramdenjerme
aRemateba gaeros mier dadgenils. maTi monacemebiT mosaxleoba axalgazrdaa, Tu 65
da uxnesi asakis wili 4%-s ar aRemateba, demografiulad daberebulad miiCneven
populacias, romlis es maCvenebeli 7%-s aRemateba. meore mxriv, 1982-1983 wlebidan
moyolebuli, q.Tbilisis mosaxleobaSi SeimCneva bunebrivi namatis mkveTri Semcireba.
mosaxleobis daberebis process axasiaTebs rogorc Sobadobis Semcireba, ise 60 da
uxnesi asakis mosaxleobis wilis gazrda. metad saintereso monacemebia
dafiqsirebuli qorwinebaTa asakis ganawilebis mrudis kvlevisas xuTwliani
intervalebiT. rac Seexeba dRegrZelebs, ukanasknel aTwleulebSi saqarTveloSi
arsebuli socialur-ekonomikuri da politikuri krizisis miuxedavad, saqarTvelo
kvlav rCeba msoflioSi dRegrZelTa erT-erT epicentrad. dRegrZelTa Soris
mkveTrad aris gazrdili qalebis xvedriTi wili. maTi raodenoba soflad metia
qalaqTan SedarebiT da fizikuri mdgomareobac soflad ukeTesia. dRegrZelTa Soris
bevrs erTdroulad ramdenime qronikuli daavadeba awuxebs. maT Soris yvelaze metia
sisxlis mimoqcevis sistemis daavadebebi (a.naTiSvilis sax. eqsperimentuli morfo-
logiis instituti).
Catarda saerTaSoriso seminari `baqteriofaguli preparatebis gamoyenebiT
paTogenuri da pirobiTpaTogenuri mikroorganizmebiT gamowveuli infeqciebis
prevencia da mkurnalobis perspeqtivebi~ (g.eliavas sax. baqteriofagiis, mikrobi-
ologiisa da virusologiis instituti).
Catarebulia kvlevebi saerTaSoriso mniSvnelobis axali daculi teritoriis
veluri bunebis regionaluri parkis `ciskaras~ samenejmento gegmisa da sxvadasxva
99
pilotproeqtebisa da aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis
wignis~ mosamzadeblad (baTumis botanikuri baRi).
`regionaluri
wiTeli
2005 wels gamoqveynebuli Sromebi
#
avtori
naSromis dasaxeleba
1.
teqtonikur da seismur aqtivobasTan
dakavSirebuli gardamavali mikrotemperaturuli da hidravlikuri
movlenebi (SromaTa krebuli)
redaqtorebi
g. buntebarti
T. WeliZe
2.
klimatis Tanamedrove cvlileba
aqarTveloSi. atmosferos mcire radiaciulad aqtiuri minarevebi (inglisur
enaze)
a.amiranaSvili
v.amiranaSvili
T.gziriSvili
j.xarCilava
k.TavarTqilaZe
gamomcemloba,
gamocemis
adgili
Tbilisi
Tbilisi
3.
centraluri kavkasionis yazbegi-yelis
raionis Tanamedrove geodinamikuri
procesebi (rusul enaze)
i.bondirevi
`poligrafi~
Tbilisi
4.
atmosferos ekologiuri monitoringis
meteorologiuri aspeqtebi
g.gunia
hidrometeorologiis
instituti
Tbilisi
5.
mravalwliani kulturebis mosavlis
formirebis meteorologiuri procesebis
maTematikuri modelireba da maTi
warmoebis teqnologiis optimizacia
R.arvelaZe
hidrometeorologiis
instituti
Tbilisi
6.
vaSlovanis saxelmwifo nakrZalis
(aRmosavleT saqarTvelo) floris
konspeqti
i.laCaSvili
n.laCaSvili
m.xaCiZe
ùniversali“
Tbilisi
7.
saqarTvelos floris konspeqti
(nomenklaturuli nusxa)
r.gagniZe
ùniversali~
matitelasebrTa (Polygonaceae) ojaxis
botanikur-geografiuli sakiTxebi
d.WeliZe
8.
Tbilisi
Tbilisi
9. xevi-yazbegis regioni (inglisur enaze)
g.naxucriSvili,
o.abdalaZe, a.qiqoZe
10. kolxeTis agraruli kultura
i.maisaia
T.SanSiaSvili
n.rusiSvili
100
ùniversali~
Tbilisi
ùniversali~
Tbilisi
11. mcenare janmrTeli garemosaTvis
v.papuniZe
àWara~
g.xatisaSvili
baTumi
T.saduniSvili
12. antropogenuri toqsikantebis metabolizmi g.kvesitaZe,
umaRles mcenareebSi (rusul enaze)
g.xatisaSvili,
t.saduniSvili,
z.evstigneeva
"Наука"
moskovi
13. Tbilisis botanikuri baRis SromaTa
krebuli, 95
redaqtori
j.kereseliZe
`codna~
Tbilisi
14. mcenareTa jansaRi garemosaTvis
v.papuniZe da sxv.
àWara~
baTumi
15. kavkasiis muxebi (germanul enaze)
d.gvianiZe da sxv.
àWara~
baTumi
16. eroziis sawinaaRmdego hidroteqnikuri
nagebobebi
c.mircxulava
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
17. stiqiuri ubedurebani (samaxsovro)
c.mircxulava
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
18. saqarTvelos wylis resursebis da
sarwyavi sistemebis optimaluri marTva
m.varTanovi
T.sturua
wyalTa
meurneobisa
da sainJinro
ekologiis
instituti
Tbilisi
19. sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebis
mosavlianobis prognozirebisaTvis
n.modebaZe
t.kvaracxelia
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
20. niadag-gruntebis Tvisebebis miznobrivi
marTva
l.itriaSvili
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
21. q. foTTan, md. rionze arsebuli
wyalgamyofi kvanZis kaSxlis
eqspluataciis problemebi da RonisZiebebi
maT aRmosafxvrelad
p.siWinava
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
22. q. foTTan, md. rionze arsebuli
wyalgamyofi kvanZisa da regulatoris
mdgradobis kvlevis Sedegebi
mravalwliuri monitoringis safuZvelze
p.siWinava
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
23. wyaldenebis kalapotebis mdgradobis da
maTi stabilizaciis aratradiciuli
meTodebis kvleva
a.siamiSvili
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
24. wyalsameurneo da hidromelioraciuli
obieqtebis mdgradoba, saimedooba da
ekologiuri usafrTxoeba (SromaTa
krebuli)
redaqtori
c.mircxulava
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
101
25. demografiis mokle enciklopediuri
leqsikoni
g.wulaZe
26. aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis da
i.Jordania
guriis mxaris bunebrivi resursebi da maTi k.beTaneli i.cincaZe
gamoyenebis perspeqtivebi
g.maRalaSvili da
sxv.
`poligrafi"
Tbilisi
`mecniereba~
Tbilisi
2005 wels saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis mier
ganxorcielda garkveuli samecniero-kvleviTi samuSaoebi, romlebic mimarTuli iyo
ekologiuri wonasworobis SesanarCuneblad da konkretuli garemosdacviTi
problemebis gadasaWrelad.
l. yanCavelis saxelobis mcenareTa dacvis samecniero-kvleviTi institutis
fitopaTologiis ganyofileba muSaobda Semdegi mimarTulebiT: “sasoflo-sameuneo
kulturebisa da tyis mcenareulobis mavne organizmebis ricxobriobis dinamikis
ganviTarebisa da gavrcelebis kanonzomierebaTa dadgena, maT winaaRmdeg brZolis
integrirebuli sistemis damuSaveba, sanitarul-higienurad sufTa mosavlis miRebis
mizniT, axali meTodebisa da saSualebebis Zieba da gamoyeneba”.
problemis gadaWris mizniT, sabiujeto saxsrebiT gamovlenilia: xexilis,
citrusebis, vazis, marcvlovani, teqnikuri, bostneuli da baRCeuli kulturebis
sokovani, baqteriuli, virusuli da mikoplazmuri daavadebebi.
Seswavlilia
umTavresi
paTogenuri
mikroorganizmebis
bioekologiuri
Taviseburebebi. SemuSavebulia daavadebebis mimarT mcenareTa gamZleobis gazrdis
saSualebebi, gamocdilia da warmoebaSia danergili, ekologiurad usafrTxo
brZolis RonisZiebebi.
Seswavlilia: fitoaleqsinebis roli mcenareTa gamZleobaSi.
gamocdilia: mikroelementebis kompleqsi _ xelati, organul-mineraluri
preparatebi: gumaTe, lile, baqteriologiuri preparatebi. damuSavebulia maTi
gamoyenebis Sesabamisi meTodebi, Sedgenilia rekomendaciebi da gadacemulia
warmoebisaTvis.
pesticidebiT garemos dabinZurebisagan dacvisa da ekologiurad sufTa
mosavlis miRebis mizniT, brZolis RonisZiebaTa sistemaSi gamoyenebulia kitris
nacris winaaRmdeg soko Ampelomyces quasqualis. sokovani daavadebis mimarT
fitomciduri
bunebis
mqone
mcenareuli
eqstraqtebi
(patenti
#6843),
biopreparatebi: ketomiumi, trixodermini, baqteriofagebi, antagonisti sokoebi:
Trichoderma koningii, T. lignorum. citrusebis mavneblebis winaaRmdeg entomopaTogenuri
soko _ Verticillium lecanil.
zemoT aRniSnul problemebTan dakavSirebiT arasabiujeto saxsrebidan
mopovebuli grantebi:
1. mavne organizmebisagan sasoflo-sameurneo kulturebis biologiuri dacva.
sagranto xelSekruleba # SDS – 02. xelmZRvaneli b.m.k. l. mSvidobaZe,
Sesrulebulia 2002-2003 w.w.
2. kartofilis daraionebuli da perspeqtiuli jiSebis mosavlianobis gazrda
aprobirebulio teqnologiebis gamoyenebiT. sagranto xelsekruleba # SG
– 02. xelmZZRvaneli b.m.k. l. rexviaSvili, Sesrulebulia 2002-2003 w.w.
3. fagebis gamoyenebaze damyarebuli kartofilis baqteriuli daavadebebis
biokontrolis strategiis SemuSaveba. sagranto xelSekruleba # GBG B 2 - 527 GRDF. xelmZRvaneli b.m.k. b. xurcia, Sesrulebulia 201-2003 w.w.
102
4. baqteriofagebi, efeqturi biologiuri saSualeba paTogenuri baqteriebiT
gamowveuli mcenareTa daavadebebis winaaRmdeg. sagranto xelSekruleba G –
1129 ISTC. xelmZRvaneli b.m.k. n. giorgiobiani. dafinansebulia.
Tavi 27
garemosdacviTi ganaTleba da
informaciul-saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba
qveynis umaRles da saSualo specialur saswavleblebSi 2004-2005 da 20052006 saswavlo wlebSi ekologiis specialobaze studentTa ricxovnobis Sesaxeb
informacia warmodgenilia cxrilebSi 27.1; 27.2; 27.3.
cxrili
27.1
studentTa ricxovneba ekologiis specialobaze
saxelmwifo umaRles saswavlebebSi
kaci
specialoba
sul
sabiujeto seqtori, sul
maT Soris:
biosamedicino ekologiuri genetika
geomorfologia-geoekologia
ekologia
avtomobilebis ekologiuri
usafrTxoeba
garemos dacva da bunebrivi
resursebis racionaluri gamoyeneba
fasiani seqtori, sul
maT Soris:
geomorfologia-geoekologia
ekologia
biosamedicino ekologia
ricxovnoba
gamoSveba
2004-2005
2005-2006
2004-2005
2005-2006
1218
880
1236
565
126
46
219
146
112
61
448
18
53
334
21
5
30
16
13
89
83
160
_
28
176
338
_
674
11
80
_
73
_
171
167
22
390
262
_
8
72
1
57
15
wyaro: saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro
cxrili
27.2
studentTa ricxovnoba ekologiis specialobaze
fasian umaRles saswavlebebSi
kaci
specialoba
sul
ricxovnoba
gamoSveba
2004-2005
2005-2006
2004-2005
2005-2006
262
89
13
24
103
maT Soris:
eqimi-ekologi
ekologia
_
171
_
89
_
8
_
24
91
_
5
_
cxrili
27.3
studentTa ricxovneba ekologiis specialobaze
saxelmwifo saSualo specialur saswavlebebSi
kaci
specialoba
ricxovnoba
gamoSveba
2004-2005
2005-2006
2004-2005
2005-2006
93
109
11
11
Zalian mniSvnelovania, rom zogadsaganmanaTlebo sistemaSi 2005-2006 wels
Catarda saskolo olimpiada, romelic iyo sruliad axali qveynis saganamanaTleblo
sivrcisaTvis. aq Catarda jgufuri integrirebuli proeqtebis konkursi “ganaTleba
mdgradi ganviTarebisTvis”. aRsaniSnavia agreTve, rom konkurss hqonda sakmaod didi
gamoxmaureba saqarTvelos yvela regionidan (warmodgenil iqna 300-ze meti
proeqti), 25 maTgani dajildovda sxvadasxva xarisxis jildoTi. maTgan
gansakuTrebiT saintereso iyo: gurjaanis kalauris sajaro skola (proeqti
“niadagebis SenarCuneba”); sagarejos #4 sajaro skola (proeqti “Savi zRvis oqros
siurprizi”); afxazeTis #8 skola (proeqti “Cveni Taobis toqsikomanebi”); daba
agaris sajaro skola (proeqti “SOS tyeSi saSiSi mavnebelia”). am midgomam
gaamarTla da, Sesabamisad moswavleTa erovnul olimpiadaSi yovelwliurad iqneba
CarTuli rubrika “ganaTleba mdgradi ganviTarebisaTvis”.
“zogadi ganaTlebis erovnuli miznebis” Sesabamisad “mozardma unda icodes,
ra bunebriv garemoSi cxovrobs, ra ziani SeiZleba miayenos garemos adamianis ama Tu
im moqmedebam, rogor SeinarCunos da daicvas bunebrivi garemo”. momzadebulia
sagnobrivi erovnuli saswavlo gegmebi, romelTaganac gaemosdacviTi kuTxiT
gansakuTrebiT mniSvnelovania sabunebismetyvelo (fizika, qimia, biologia da
nawilobriv, geografia VII klasamde) da sazogadoebrivi mecnierebis (istoria,
geografia, samoqalaqo ganaTleba: ekonomika, praqtikuli samarTali, moqalaqeoba da
sxva arCeviTi kursebi) standartebi. am standartebSi sxvadasxva klasebSi,
moswavleTa asakobrivi Taviseburebebis gaTvaliswinebiT asaxulia garemosdacviTi
sakiTxebi.
iv. javaxiSvilis saxelobis Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis mier bolo
wlebSi damuSavebuli iyo ramdenime proeqti (granti):
_ Savi zRvis aRmosavleT sanapiros anTropogenuri dabinZurebis wyaroebi;
_ anTropogenuri dariSxanis ganawileba misi sulfiduri madnebis mopovebagadamuSavebis raionSi da sxva.
universiteti agreTve monawileobs ori proeqtis damuSavebaSi:
104
1. md. xobis auzis ekoqimiuri gamokvleva (damfinansebeli msoflio banki);
2. yofili
samxedro
bazebis
teritoriebis
ekoqimiuri
gamokvleva
(damfinansebeli nato).
Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetis biologiis fakultetze ekologiisa da
garemos dacvis fundamenturi sakiTxebi, pirvel rigSi, gamoyenebiTi ekologiis
kursSi ganixileba. 2000-2002 wlebSi gamoica studentebisaTvis gankuTvnili prof.
g. qajaias 2 saxelmZRvanelo _ “ekologia (garemos dacvis sakiTxebi)” da
“gamoyenebiTi ekologia (garemos dacvis ekologiuri principebi)”. am ukanasknelis
specialur TavebSi ganxilulia garemos anTropogenuri cvlilebebi (ukanaskneli 100
wlis manZilze), anTropogenuri dabinZurebis gavlena cocxal organizmebze,
globaluri ekologiuri problemebi, garemos dacvis ekologiuri principebi,
sazogadoebisa da bunebis urTierTobis strategia, saqarTvelos ekologiuri
(garemosdacviTi) problemebi da a.S.
2006
wlidan
oTxi
kaTedris
bazaze
Seqmnil
axal
erTeulSi
“biomravalferovnebis
mimarTuleba”,
samagistro
programiT,
momavali
magistrebisaTvis gaTvaliswinebulia Semdegi saswavlo kursebi:
1. biomravalferovnebis konservacia da veluri bunebis menejmenti; 2.
biogeografia ekologiuri kartografiiT; 3. toqsikologiis qimiuri da biologiuri
principebi; 4. Teoriuli da gamoyenebiTi ekologia; 5. ekologiuri prognozireba; 6.
ekologiuri eqspertiza; 7. wylis bioresursebis marTva da hidroekologia; 8.
dedamiwisa da kavkasiis biomebi, ekosistemaTa mdgradobis SenarCuneba.
aRsaniSnavia, rom garemosdacviTi ganaTlebas didi yuradReba eqceva agreTve
saqarTvelos regionebSi. magaliTad, Sida qarTlis saero universitetsa (q. gori) da
saqarTvelos agrarul mecnierebaTa akademiis goris institutSi iswavleba sagani
“ekologiuri samarTali”; goris ekonomikur-humanitaruli universitetSi iswavleba
Semdegi sagnebi _ “ekologiis safuZvlebi” (qimia-biologiis kaTedra) da
“bunebaTsargebloba” (bunebaTsargeblobis kaTedra). Sida qarTlis regionis rig
skolebSi (mag.: goris #1 sajaro skola, mcxeTis #1 sajaro skola) fakultatur
sagnad iswavleba ekologia. goris #1 sajaro skolaSi moewyo ekologiis kabineti.
qvemo qarTlis regionSi garemosdacviTi ganaTlebis sferoSi ZiriTadi
mimarTulebebi ganisazRvreba bunebis dacvis ZiriTadi aspeqtebidan gamomdinare,
esenia:
biologiuri _ adamianTa organizmis, mcenareulobisa da cxovelTa samyaros
normaluri arsebobisa da ganviTarebisaTvis aucilebeli biofizikuri pirobebis
Seqmna, Seswavla da dacva, rasac Cvens droSi arTulebs teqnikis mZafri ganviTareba.
ekonomikuri _ bunebrivi resursebis Seswavla da dacva, maTi racionaluri
gamoyeneba.
esTetiuri _ bunebis iSviaTi, RirSesaniSnavi, kulturuli faseulobebis,
kulturuli Zeglebis dacva ngrevisa da dazianebisagan..
regionSi 5 ivniss gaimarTa garemos dacvis msoflio dRisadmi miZRvnili
RonisZiebebi da bunebis qomagTa Sekreba, adgilobrivi televiziiT gakeTda mimarTva
mosaxleobisadmi.
garemos dacvis sferoSi informaciul-saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba ZiriTadad
saswavlo dawesebulebebis xelmZRvanelTa da pedagogTa inciativasa da enTuziazmzea
damokidebuli. moswavleTa interesi sakmaod didia ekologiis Seswavlisadmi da
aqtiurad monawileoben sxvadasxva saqalaqo da raionul seminarebsa da
RonisZiebebSi.
garemos dacvis sferoSi informaciul-saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba da am
mimarTulebiT Catarebuli RonisZiebebi ZiriTadad ukavSirdeba dedamiwis msoflio
105
dRes da garemos dacvis msoflio dRes. gazafxulis dResaswaulebis periodSi xdeba
parkebisa da skverebis dasufTaveba, axali nargavebis dargva. am mxriv kargi
tradiciebi aqvs q. rusTavis #2 saSualo skolas da klasikur gimnazias, gardabnis
#3 saS. skolas, bolnisis gimnazias da sxva.
amrigad,
garemosdacviT
ganaTlebas
da
informaciul-saganmanaTleblo
saqmianobas qvemo qarTlis mxaris saswavlo dawesebulebebSi aramdgradi, gafantuli
xasiaTi aqvs, miuxedavad sazogadoebis, pedagogebis, moswavleebis, presis da sxva
sainformacio saSualebebis farTo interesisa garemos dacvis mimarT.
samcxe-javaxeTis regionSi garemosdacviTi ganaTlebis sferoSi skolebSi
ZiriTadi mimarTulebebia sagakveTilo procesze I klasidan XI klasis CaTvliT
calkeul sagnebSi garemosdacviTi sakiTxebis integrirebuli swavleba. aris skolebi,
sadac gaaCniaT ekologiis kabinetebi da maT aRWurvaSi didi wvlili miuZRviT
arasamTavrobo organizaciebs. skolebSi garemos dacvis kuTxiT ewyoba ezo-garemos
dasufTaveba, nargavebis dargva da
aqciebi,
garemosdacviT problemebze
sistematiurad tardeba saklaso da saskolo RonisZiebebi, tardeba viqtorinebi,
ewyoba ekologiuri kvireulebi da a.S.
samegrelo regionSi erovnul saswavlo programaSi sabunebismetyvelo sagnebs
(bunebismetyveleba, biologia, qimia, fizika, geografia), 2005 wels daTmobili
hqonda saaTebis garkveuli raodenoba.G
dasavleT saqarTvelos regionis skolebSi arsebuli programebis Sesabamisad
dawyebiT klasebSi iswavleba sagani ~buneba~, xolo maRal klasebSi mimdinareobs
integrirebuli swavleba.
q. quTaisSi funqcionirebs sabunebismetyvelo liceumi, sadac calke sagnad
iswavleba ~ekologiis safuZvlebi~. quTaisis sami umaRlesi saswavlebeli amzadebs
ekologiis specialistebs Sesabamis kaTedrebze:
musxeliSvilis sax. teqnikuri universitetSi iswavleba “garemos dacvisa
da bunebrivi resursebis racionaluri gamoyeneba _ inJiner-teqniologekologi-wylis resursebis dacva da kompleqsuri gamoyeneba” (kvebisa da
qimiuri mrewvelobis saswavlo samecniero instituti, organuli qimiis,
qimiuri teqnilogiebis da ekologiis kaTedra);
ak.
wereTlis
saxelobis
saxelmwifo
universitetSi
iswavleba
“bioekologia”
(sabunebismetyvelo-geografiis
fakulteti;
biologiaekologiis kaTedra);
politeqnikur institutSi iswavleba sagani “ekologia” (ekologiis
kaTedra).
aWaris avtonomiur respublikaSi 2005 wels sazogadoebis informirebis
mizniT moewyo 50-mde brifingi da preskonferencia, 60-ze meti samuSao Sexvedra.
beWdviTi Tu samauwyeblo media-saSualebebi sistematurad aSuqebdnen garemosdacviT
saqmianobas. sxvadasxva beWdviT gamocemebSi gamoqveynda 100 meti sainformacio Tu
SemecnebiTi tipis publikacia.
farTod aRiniSna Waobis dRe - 2 Tebervali, dedamiwis dRe - 22 aprili,
garemos dacvis dRe - 5 ivnisi da Savi zRvis dacvis dRe - 31 oqtomberi.
saerTaSoriso turistuli konferenciisaTvis aWaraze momzadda 6 bukleti:
`botanikuri baRi, Semodgoma-zamTari” (qarTuli da inglisuri versia); `frinvelebis
migracia saqarTveloSi”; `kintriSis nakrZali, ispanis Waobebi”.
miuxedavad Catarebuli saqmianobisa, garemosdacviTi ganaTleba arasaTanado
donezea qveynis masStabiT. saWiroa ufro meti yuradReba daeTmos saganmanaTleblo
sistemaSi garemosdacviTi sakiTxebis swavlebas.
106
Tavi 28
garemosdacviTi arasamTavrobo organizaciebi
daskvnebi, prognozebi da rekomendaciebi
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro mWidrod TanamSromlobda
qveyanaSi moqmed garemosdacviT arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan. sistematurad
mimdinareobda sxvadasxva saxis gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis sakiTxebis ganxilvis
procesSi maTi mosazrebebisa da winadadebebis gaTvaliswineba.
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros saqalaqo da regionuli
sammarTveloebi
gansakuTrebiT
mWidrod
TanamSromlobdnen
garemosdacviT
arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan.
saministros aRmosavleT centralur regionalur sammarTvelo TanaSromlobs
Semdeg arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan:
asociacia `tonTio~ _ mdgradi garemo da turizmi (goris raioni)
goris saraionTaSoriso monadireTa da meTevzeTa kavSiri `monkavSiri~
kavSiri `saqarTvelos antikorufciuli sabWo~ (mcxeTis raioni)
àxalgazrda iuristTa asociacia~
`gaeros asociacia~
fSavis gadarCenis kavSiri
sammarTveloSi Seqmnilia yvela piroba garemosdacviTi sakiTxebis ganxilvaSi
sazogadoebis monawileobisaTvis. sammarTveloSi arsebuli yvela dokumenti
aRricxulia sajaro reestrSi da moqmedi kanonmdeblobis Sesabamisad xelmisawvdomia
nebismieri msurvelisaTvis.
qvemo qarTlis regionSi samxreT kavkasiis (SCP) da baqo-Tbilisi-jeihanis
(BTC) milsadenebis gaswvriv garemosdacviTi investirebis programis (EIP)
farglebSi,
arasamTavrobo
organizaciebis
SesaZleblobebis
ganviTarebisaTvis
xorcieldeba mcire grantebis programa, romelic inicirebuli da dafinansebulia
BP–sa da misi partniorebis mier. mcire grantebis programa (SGP) arasamTavrobo
organizaciis SesaZleblobis ganviTarebisaTvis, warmoadgens EIP-s erT-erT Temas.
programa xorcieldeba Save the Children (SC) da misi adgilobrivi partniori
organizaciis “saxeobaTa konservaciis samecniero kvleviTi centris” (NACRES) mier.
programis samizne regionebia qvemo qarTli da samcxe-javaxeTi, kerZod ki Svidi
raioni: gardabani, marneuli, walka, TeTriwyaro, axalcixe, borjomi da adigeni.
programis miznebia: a) arasamTavrobo seqtoris SesaZleblobebis gaZliereba
qvemo qarTlisa da samcxe-javaxeTis regionebis Svid raionSi, iseve, rogorc oTxi
saSuamavlo mxardamWeri organizaciisa (ISO), romelic xels uwyobs 28
garemosdacviT da socialur ganviTarebis sakiTxebze momuSave arasamTavrobo
organizaciebs, romlebic axorcieleben konkretul garemosdacviT proeqtebs. b)
moqalaqeTa codnis, damokidebulebisa da garemosdacviT sferosTan mimarTebaSi
qmedebis gaumjobeseba. g) sazogadoebis mobilizeba garemosdacviTi sakiTxebis
mosagvareblad, ori regionaluri mrCeveli komitetis mier gacemuli mcire
grantebis saSualebiT.
garemosdacviTi investirebis programis mcire grantebis programis farglebSi
“gadavarCinoT bavSvebis” mier pirvel, meore da mesame etapze gacemul iqna
garemosdacviTi RonisZiebebis ganmaxorcielebeli granti qvemo qarTlis oTx (4)
samizne raionSi moqmed camet adgilobriv arasamTavrobo organizaciaze. Ees
organizaciebia: kavSiri “mTisZiri”, kavSiri “ saqarTvelos samoqalaqo sazogadoebis
ganviTarebis asociacia”, kavSiri “imer-jorjia”, kavSiri “walkis Temi”, kavSiri
107
“avranlos ganviTarebis centri”, kavSiri “mtredi”, kavSiri “skaldi”, kavSiri “mwvane
kavkasia”, kavSiri “imedi 2006”. kavSiri “qvemo qarTlis agroekologebi”.
saministros
qvemo
qarTlis
regionaluri
sammarTvelo
mWidrod
TanamSromlobda aRniSnul arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan.
samcxe-javaxeTis garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis regionaluri
sammarTvelo TanamSromlobs regionis arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan. TveSi erTxel
ewyoba maTTan Sexvedrebi, xdeba garemosdacviT sakiTxebze da problemebze msjeloba,
aRniSnuli organizaciebi ecnobian siaxleebs garemosdacviT politikasa da
saqmianobaSi da Rebuloben monawileobas garemosdacviT sakiTxebTan dakavSirebul
sajaro ganxilvaSi.
ZiriTadad arasamTavrobo organizaciebi garemos dacvis sferoSi muSaoben
ekologiuri problemebis da ganaTlebis sakiTxebze, awyoben ekologiuri Tematikis
gamofenebs da viqtorinebs.
sammarTvelo
garemosdacviT
problemebTan
dakavSirebul
informaciebs
avrcelebs radio da telegadacemebis da regionis gazeTis saSualebiT. sazogadoebis
informireba xdeboda garemosdacviTi nebarTvebis gacemisas. isini monawileoben
gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesSi, xdeba maTi azris gaTvaliswineba.
samegrelos regionSi garemosdacviTi ganaTlebisa da sazogadoebasTan
urTierTobis sferoSi muSaoba ZiriTadad warmarTuli iyo regionSi arsebul
arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan urTierTobiT, romlebic garemosdacviTi kuTxiT
muSaoben. aqtiurad TanamSromloben qalaqisa da raionis gamgeobasTan, komunalur
meurneobasTan, satyeo meurneobis xelmZRvanelebTan, adgilobriv mewarmeebTan.
garemosdacviTi kuTxiT muSaobs da sammarTvelosTan TanamSromlobs ori
arasamTavrobo organizacia: “imedi” da “gadavarCinoT qarTuli eri”. am organizaciam
sammarTvelosTan erTad moawyo SabaToba. dasufTavebul iqna q. zugdidis bulvaris
teritoria. seriozulad mimdinareobs muSaoba qalaqis erT-erTi aqtualuri
problemis gadaWraze, rogoricaa mdinare CxouSis sanapiro zolis dabinZureba
adgilobrivi mosaxleobis mier.
5 ivniss, garemos dacvis dRes, Catarebul iqna seminari, romelSic
sammarTvelosTan erTad monawileobas Rebulobda zugdidis m. kostavas saxelobis
#2 gimnazia da qalaqis gamgeoba. Aam Sexvedraze monawileebma erTmaneTs gauziares
problemebi garemosdacviT sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT. am dResve garemos dacvis
sammarTvelom zugdidis komunaluri meurneobis dasufTavebis samsaxurTan erTad
daasufTava qalaqis mimdebare teritoriebi.
qalaqis sagamofeno darbazSi moewyo samxatvro skolis moswavleTa naxatebis
gamofena. yvela zemoaRniSnuli RonisZieba gaSuqebul iqna masmediis saSualebiT.
31 oqtombers Savi zRvis dacvis dRes gaiwminda zugdidis raionis sof.
anakliis sanapiro zoli - mdinare Tiqoris SesarTavTan.
Savi zRvis mdgomareobas mieZRvna seminari samegrelos garemos dacvisa da
bunebrivi resursebis regionalur sammarTveloSi, aRniSnuli seminaris muSaobaSi
monawileobdnen qalaqis zogadsaganmanaTlebo skolebi.
sammarTvelom Caatara gasvliTi seminari; kerZod, xobis raionis sof.
Nnojixevis saSualo skolis moswavleebTan.
adgilobrivi radio “aTinaTi’-s eTeriT momzadebuli iqna araerTi gadacema.
kerZod, cxovelTa dacvis dResTan, wyaldidobasTan, miwisZvrasTan dakavSirebiT.
adgilobrivi tele-radio mauwyeblobis saSualebiT moxda mosaxleobis
farTod informireba saaxalwlo naZvis xeebis ukanono mopovebisa da akrZalvis
Sesaxeb.
108
sammarTvelom Tavisi wvlili Seitana qalaqis galamazebaSi. gamgeobis mier
gamoyofil teritoriaze gaSenebuli iqna mwvane nargavebi, kerZod ifani da
nekerCxali.
amerikuli organizacia ,,mSvidobis korpusi’’-s mier Catarebuli iqna
erTkviriani seminari garemosdacviT sakiTxebze, romelSic monawileoba miiRes
sammarTvelos TanamSromlebma. ramdenjerme moewyo seminarebi sammarTvelos specialistebis mier, sadac monawileobdnen arasamTavrobo organizaciebi, studentebi,
adgilobrivi TviTmarTvelobis organizaciebis warmomadgenlebi, satyeo meurneobis
xelmZRvaneloba.
saministros dasavleT centraluri regionaluri sammarTvelo TanaSromlobs
Semdeg arasamTavrobo organizaciebTan:
imereTis mxaris mecnierTa kavSiri “speqtri”;
imereTis regionis axalgazrduli samecniero-sainformacio asociacia „asa“;
klubi “adamiani da buneba”;
lanCxuTis sainformacio centri
aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis
sammarTvelo
aqtiurad
TanamSromlobda
garemosdacviT
arasamTavrobo
organizaciebTan, kerZod: ,,mwvaneTa asociacia", ,,adamiani da garemo", ,,Savi zRvis ekoakademia".
109
daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi
2005 wels garemos dacvis sferoSi arsebuli mdgomareoba wina wlebTan
SedarebiT arsebiTad ar Secvlila. kvlav problematuri iyo garemos ZiriTadi
komponentebis – atmosferuli haeris, wylis, niadagis, florisa da faunis dacvis
problemebi. niSandoblivia, rom 2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi aRniSnuli problemebis
mosagvareblad araerTi mniSvnelovani nabiji iqna gadadgmuli.
aRniSnul
fonze
gansakuTrebiT
mniSvnelovania
atmosferuli
haeris
mdgomareoba, romelic mocemul etapze ver akmayofilebs sakanonmdeblo-normatiuli
aqtebiT gaTvaliswinebuli moTxovnebs. avtotransporti isev warmoadgens haeris
ZiriTad damabinZurebels. mis mier atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis procentulma
raodenobam saerTo dabinZurebis 45% Seadgina. qveyanaSi gamoyenebuli sawvavis
dabali xarisxi, moZvelebuli avtosatransporto saSualebebis didi raodenoba,
moZraobis regulirebis ugulebelyofa da sxva obieqturi Tu subieqturi mizezebi
ZiriTadad ganapirobebs aRniSnul mdgomareobas.
atmosferuli haeris dasacavad pirvel rigSi gasatarebel RonisZiebas
warmoadgens amJamad qveyanaSi arsebuli avtoparkis mdgomareobis gadaxaliseba da
misi teqnikuri mdgomareobis kontrolis gamkacreba, qveynis saavtomobilo gzebis
wesrigSi moyvana, gamtarunarianobis gazrda, dabali xarisxis sawvavis Semotanisa da
misi realizaciis akrZalva. aRniSnuli mimarTulebiT rogorc sakanonmdeblo, aseve
aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebis doneze qmediTi nabijebi gadaidga da daigegma
samomavlod.
miuxedavad imisa, rom qveynis sawarmoebze atmosferuli haeris dabinZurebis
mcire wili modis, aucilebelia sawarmoTa aRWurva efeqturi gamwmendi nagebobebiT,
xolo arsebuli airmtverdamWeri sistemebisa da teqnikuri saSualebebis aRdgenaganaxleba. amasTanave, unda ganxorcieldes mkacri kontroli im sawarmoebze, romlebic dadgenil limitebze metad abinZureben atmosferul haers. qveynis atmosferuli
haeris xarisxis gaumjobesebisaTvis metad mniSvnelovania monitoringis erTiani
sistemis (qselis) Seqmna.
rogorc cnobilia, saqarTvelo warmoadgens wylis resursebiT erT-erT
mdidar qveyanas. wylis resursebi farTod gamoiyeneba qveynis energetikis,
mrewvelobis, melioraciis, mosaxleobis sayofacxovrebo moTxovnilebebis da sxva
miznebisaTvis. sawarmoo saqmianobis mixedviT wylis resursebis gamoyenebis yvelaze
didi procenti modis eleqtroenergiis warmoebaze da soflis meurneobaSi –
sarwyavad. miuxedavad aRniSnulisa, wylis resursebis mTliani potenciali,
sxvadasxva obieqturi Tu subieqturi mizezis gamo, saTanadod ar aris gamoyenebuli
iseT dargebSi, rogoricaa hidroenergetika, samelioracio, irigaciis, agreTve,
sasmeli wylis da teqnikuri wylis moxmareba.
rogorc wina wlebSi, aseve 2005 wels saqarTvelos zedapiruli wylis
resursebis ZiriTadi damabinZureblebia: komunaluri meurneoba, energetika, Camdinare
sawarmoo da samedicino wylebi, SxamqimikatebiT dabinZurebuli sasoflo-sameurneo
farTobebis, sayofacxovrebo narCenebis nagavsayrelebis da samrewvelo narCenebis
sanayaroebis Camonadenebi.
2005 wels zedapiruli wylebis dabinZurebis donis gansazRvris mizniT
warmoebuli monitoringis Sedegad, saqarTvelos zedapirul wylebSi eqstremalurad
maRali dabinZureba ar aRniSnula, maRali dabinZureba aRiniSna 10 SemTxvevaSi (5-jer
amoniumis azotiT da 5-jer nitritis azotiT). aqedan gamomdinare, daskvnis saxiT
SeiZleba aRiniSnos, rom saqarTvelos mdinareebi ZiriTadad dabinZurebulia
amoniumisa da nitritis azotiT.
110
qveynis qalaqebisa da raionuli centrebis wyalsakanalizacio sistemaSi
Seqmnilia uaRresad rTuli situacia. arsebuli wyalsadenebis umravlesobis
sanitarul-teqnikuri
mdgomareoba
aradamakmayofilebelia.
maT
ar
gaaCniaT
sanitaruli dacvis zonebi, wylis gasauvnebeli danadgarebi; saxsrebis uqonlobis
gamo irRveva wyalsadenisa da sakanalizacio sistemebis nagebobaTa teqnikuri
eqspluataciis wesebi, ar tardeba saremonto samuSaoebi. xSiria SemTxvevebi, rodesac
miwodebuli wylis xarisxi ar Seesabameba qveyanaSi moqmedi saxelmwifo standartebis
moTxovnebs.
saqarTvelos niadagebi xangrZlivi drois ganmavlobaSi ganicdian intensiur
sameurneo zemoqmedebas, ris gamoc mkveTrad Seicvala maTi xarisxobrivi mdgomareoba.
maTma didma nawilma ganicada degradacia, romlis ZiriTadi mizezebia sakvebi
elementebis Semcireba, nayofierebis gauareseba, struqturis rRveva, humusis da
gacvliTi fuZeebis Semcvelobis daqveiTeba.
garemosdacviTi
mimarTulebebiT
miwis
resursebis
marTvis
erTerTYmniSvnelovan RonisZiebad gasaTvaliswinebelia miwis resursebis mdgomareobis
Sesaxeb sainformacio bankis funqcionireba, risTvisac aucilebelia miwis resursebis
mdgomareobis Seswavlis, aRricxvis da analizis meTodologiis SemuSaveba da misi
praqtikuli ganxorcieleba Sesabamis uflebamosil uwyebebTan erTad.
saqarTvelos teritoriaze aRricxulia mineraluri nedleulis TiTqmis yvela
jgufi, kerZod – metaluri, arametaluri da sawvavi wiaRiseulis sxvadasxva saxeebi.
wiaRiseulis mopovebis (damuSavebis) dros xSir SemTxvevaSi adgili aqvs
Semdeg darRvevebs: saproeqto moTxovnilebebidan gadaxvevebs, damuSavebis arsebuli
meTodebis ugulebelyofas, rac garkveuli negatiuri SedegebiT mTavrdeba.
wiaRiseulis dacvis da misi racionalurad gamoyenebis mizniT saWiroa arsebuli
maragebis dadgena-Sefaseba kategoriebis mixedviT, wiaRiseulis mopovebisa da misi
gadamuSavebis (gamdidrebis) srulyofili meTodebis SerCeva da ganxorcieleba, rac
iZleva danakargebis minimumamde Semcirebis SesaZleblobas. amasTanave, wiaRiseulis
damuSavebis dros gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda mieqces garemos dacvis sakiTxebis
gaTvaliswinebas. gdi-m daiwyo efeqturi RonisZiebebis gatareba garemosdacviTi
valdebulebebis Sesrulebis kontrolis uzrunvelyofis mizniT.
garemosa da adamianTa dasxivebis Tavidan acilebis mizniT, aucilebelia
saqarTvelos teritoriaze arsebuli yvela maionebeli gamosxivebis saSualebaTa
zusti saxelmwifo reestris Seqmna. wlis ganmavlobaSi xorcieldeboda maionebeli
gamosxivebis wyaroebis registracia mTel saqarTvelos teritoriaze. saangariSo
periodSi registrirebuli iqna saqarTvelos qalaqebSi da dasaxlebul punqtebSi
arsebuli yvela is organizacia da maT mflobelobaSi myofi maionebeli gamosxivebis
saSualebebi, romlebic ewevian radiaciul saqmianobas.
dawyebulia radiaciuli saqmianobiT dakavebuli organizaciaTa licenzirebis
procesi.
aseve
xorcieldeba
am
organizaciaTa
inspeqtireba
radiaciuli
usafrTxoebis normebis dacvis wesebis Sesrulebis kontrolirebis mizniT.
narCenebTan dakavSirebuli problemebis daregulirebis mizniT saWiroa
gatardes Semdegi aucilebeli RonisZiebebi:
• moxdes nagavsayrelebis srulyofili SemoRobva adamianis da pirutyvis
Sesvlis aRsakveTad da meti yuradReba mieqces maT movla-patronobas;
• aikrZalos narCenebis Riad dawva;
• nagavsayrelebze yuradReba mieqces maizolirebeli Sualeduri SriT
dafarvas, raTa Tavidan iqnas acilebuli qaris mier msubuqi fraqciis
gadatana da TviTaalebis procesebi;
111
•
saWiroa mdinaris napirze arsebuli nagavsayrelebis gadatana, risTvisac
unda SeirCes miwis farTobebi da momzaddes nagavsayrelis mSeneblobis
proeqtebi da moewyos isini garemos dacvis Tanamedrove moTxovnebis
gaTvaliswinebiT;
• SemuSavdes Zveli nagavsayrelebis daxurvisa da rekultivaciis proeqtebi;
• narCenebis Segrovebis Tanamedrove konteineruli sistemis danergva;
• sayofacxovrebo narCenebis gadamuSavebis, gauvnebelyofisa da ganTavsebis
Tanamedrove teqnologiebis danergva;
• satransporto, minis, qaRaldis, liTonis da sxva narCenebis Segrovebisa da
separirebis praqtikis danergva;
• mosaxleobis codnis amaRleba da informireba narCenebTan mimarTebaSi
(Segroveba, daxarisxeba da sxva);
• narCenebis marTvis sistemaSi sagadasaxado sistemis srulyofa.
samrewvelo narCenebis marTvis sferoSi arsebuli problemebis efeqturad
gadawyvetisaTvis aucilebelia Semdegi RonisZiebebis Catareba:
•
samrewvelo (gansakuTrebiT maRaltoqsikuri) narCenebis inventarizacia;
•
samrewvelo narCenebis utilizacia-gauvnebelyofis RonisZiebaTa proeqtebis
SemuSaveba da ganxorcieleba;
•
narCenebis marTvis sferoSi sakanonmdeblo bazis srulyofa;
•
saxifaTo narCenebis importisa da tranzitis kontrolis gaZliereba;
•
maRaltoqsikuri arautilizebadi narCenebis Tanamedrove garemosdacviTi
moTxovnebis gaTvaliswinebiT ganTavseba;
•
saxifaTo narCenebis gauvneblobis Tanamedrove teqnologiebis danergva.
qimiuri
nivTierebebis
swori
marTvis
sistemis
CamoyalibebisaTvis
ganxorcielebul unda iqnas Semdegi RonisZiebi:
sakanonmdeblo normatiuli aqtebis srulyofa da SemuSaveba, romlebic
moawesrigeben qimiur nivTierebaTa marTvis sakiTxebs yvela etapze _
warmoeba, SefuTva, niSandeba, importi, eqsporti, transportireba, Senaxva,
gamoyeneba, gauvnebloba;
saSiSi qimiur nivTierebaTa gamocdis aRricxvisa da registraciis sistemis
srulyofa saerTaSoriso standartebis mixedviT;
saSiSi qimiuri nivTierebebis erTiani saxelmwifo reestris SemuSaveba;
saSiSi qimiuri nivTierebebiT garemos dabinZurebis monitoringis sistemis
Camoyalibeba;
saSiSi qimiuri nivTierebebis narCenebis gauvnebloba-utilizaciis programis
SemuSaveba – ganxorcieleba;
saxelmwifo politikis gatarebis mizniT uwyebaTaSorisi koordinaciis
uzrunvelyofa.
bolo
aTwleulebis
ganmavlobaSi
saqarTvelos
biomravalferovneba
mniSvnelovnad Semcirda, rac ukavSirdeba iseT anTopogenur da bunebriv faqtorebs,
rogoricaa habitatebis kargva, fragmentacia da degradireba, ukanono nadiroba da
TevzWera, ucxo saxeobebis introduqcia, biologiuri resursebis aramdgradi
gamoyeneba.
ukanasknel wlebSi qveynis teritoriaze tyeebis ukanonod Cexvis mavne, ukve
dakanonebulma tendenciam katastroful zRvars gadaabija. ganadgurda ara marto
asakovani tyis masivebi, aramed axalgazrda, mozardi koromebis mniSvnelovani nawili.
aucilebelia aRiricxos ukanonod tyis masivebis CexviT gamowveuli zarali;
SemuSavdes praqtikuli RonisZiebebi, SemdgomSi tyis masivebis aRdgenis mizniT.
112
dawyebulia muSaoba “saqarTvelos erovnuli satyeo politikis strategiis”
SemuSavebis mizniT. aRniSnuli reformis ZiriTad mizans warmoadgens dargSi
arsebuli mwvave garemosdacviTi da socialur-ekonomikuri problemebis gadaWra.
cxovelTa saxeobebis ricxovnobis Semcirebis ZiriTad mizezebs warmoadgenen
habitatebis ganadgureba, brakonieroba, tyeebis usistemo Cexva, wyalsatevebis
dabinZureba, samigracio gzebis moSla.
momavalSi
aRniSnuli problemebis
mougvareblobis Sedegad gamoricxuli ar aris daikargos saxeobaTa umetesi nawili.
wylis ekosistemebis degradacia da brakonieroba safrTxes uqmnis wyalmcurav
frinvelebs, romelTagan mravali iSviaTia ara marto qveynis, aramed globalur
doneze.
qveynis floris, faunis, landSaftebisa da garemos sxva komponentebis SenarCuneba, romlebic anTropogenuri da bunebrivi faqtorebis zemoqmedebis Sedegad
ganadgurebis piras aris misuli, daculi teritoriebis saSualebiTaa SesaZlebeli.
dacul
teritoriebSi
warmodgenilia
saqarTvelos
biomravalferovnebis
mniSvnelovani nawili. 2005 wels saministros mier saerTaSoriso donori
organizaciebis mxardaWeriT dawyebulia farTomasStabiani proeqtebis ganxorcieleba,
romelTa mizans warmoadgens daculi teritoriebis turistuli infrastruqturis
srulyofa-gaZliereba.
momavalSi aucilebelia daculi teritoriebisaTvis gamoyofili farTobebis
aramarto ganaxleba, aramed misi gazrda; amasTanave, im moTxovnebis dacva da ganxorcieleba, romelic uzrunvelyofs momavali TaobebisaTvis bunebis unikaluri obieqtebis, florisa da faunis warmomadgenlebis SenarCunebas. daculi teritoriebisaTvis
gamoyofili axali farTobebis marTva unda ganxorcieldes adgilobrivi mosaxleobis
interesebis gaTvaliswinebiT, aseve winaswar gaazrebuli saproeqto monacemebis
analizis safuZvelze.
saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademiis institutebis mier Seswavlil iqna miwis,
wylisa da tyis resursebi, wiaRiseuli resursebis efeqturi gamoyenebis meTodebi;
florisa da faunis warmomadgenelTa mdgomareoba; agreTve Seswavlili iqna tyis
ZiriTadi formaciebi, zogierT satyeo meurneobaSi muxnarebis paTologiuri
mdgomareoba; Tbilisis zRvis biologiuri produqtiuloba. garemos dacvisa da
bunebrivi resursebis saministros centr “stiqiasTan” erToblivad gamokvleulia
saqarTvelos teritoriaze ganxorcielebuli stiqiuri procesebis mdgomareobasa da
2004-2005 wlebSi maTi eqstremaluri gaaqtiurebis sakiTxebi. SemuSavebuli iqna
saTanado rekomendaciebi.
2005 wels saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademiis mier
ganxorcielda garkveuli samecniero-kvleviTi samuSaoebi, romlebic mimarTuli iyo
ekologiuri wonasworobis SesanarCuneblad da konkretuli garemosdacviTi
problemebis gadasaWrelad.
garemos dacvis sferoSi momuSave samecniero organizaciebma momavalSi yuradReba unda gaamaxvilon qveynis garemos dacvis politikis prioritetuli mimarTulebebis gansazRvraze, romelic imTaviTve dafuZnebuli iqneba qveynis mdgradi
ganviTarebis koncefciis principebze.
113
dokumenti momzadebulia saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrvi
resursebis
saministros
mdgradi
ganviTarebis
departamentis
strategiuli dagegmvis sammarTvelos mier.
moxsenebaSi gaTvaliswinebulia Semdegi uwyebebidan
Semosuli informaciebi:
1.
2.
3.
saqarTvelos iusticiis saministro;
saqarTvelos finansTa saministro;
saqarTvelos ekonomikuri ganviTarebis saministro (statistikis departamenti;
saavtomobilo gzebis departamenti);
saqarTvelos Sinagan saqmeTa saministro;
saqarTvelos Sromis, janmrTelobisa da socialuri dacvis saministro;
saqarTvelos ganaTlebisa da mecnierebis saministro;
saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa akademia;
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis mecnierebaTa akademia;
saqarTvelos soflis meurneobis saministro;
saqarTvelos kulturis, ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis saministro;
qalaq Tbilisis meriis administracia;
saqarTvelos transportis maregulirebeli erovnuli komisia.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro:

ssip monitoringisa da prognozirebis centri;
garemos dacvis inspeqcia;
satyeo meurneobis departamenti;
daculi teritoriebis departamenti;
garemos integrirebuli marTvis departamenti;
iuridiuli departamenti;
saerTaSoriso urTierTobebisa da konvenciebis departamenti;
licenziebisa da nebarTvebis departamenti;
finansuri uzrunvelyofis departamenti;
administraciuli departamenti;
geologiis samsaxuri;
miwis marTvis samsaxuri;
birTvuli da radiaciuli usafrTxoebis samsaxuri;
biomravalferovnebis dacvis samsaxuri.
regionaluri sammarTveloebi:

aWaris avtonomiuri respublikis sammarTvelo;
dasavleT centraluri regionaluri sammarTvelo;
aRmosavleT centraluri sammarTvelo;
kaxeTis regionaluri sammarTvelo;
samcxe-javaxeTis regionaluri sammarTvelo;
samegrelosa da zemo svaneTis regionaluri sammarTvelo;
qvemo qarTlis regionaluri sammarTvelo.
114
115
cxrili 1
wyalsargeblobis saerTo maCveneblebi
(administraciul-teritorialuri erTeulebis mixedviT)
mln. kub. m. 2005 w.
administraciulteritorialuri erTeuli
0
angariSmgebel
wyalmosargebelTa
raodenoba
aRebulia bunebrivi
wylis obieqtebidan
sul
maT Soris
miwisqveSa
wylis
obieqtebidan
gamoyenebuli axali wyali
maT Soris
sul
sasmel- sawarmoo sarwyavad sasoflo- hidroener
sameurneo saWiroesameurneo
getika
bisaTvis
wyalmomar.
1
2
3
4
726
48785.674
548.888
48374.140
358.031
208.256
86.742
q. Tbilisi
33
5233.21
378.600
5023.525
243.082
25.659
0.015
aWaris avt. respublika
137
696.819
10.258
652.583
25.145
2.308
0.750
q. baTumi
40
128.811
3.094
111.741
22.791
2.187
qedis raioni
22
561.041
0.199
535.019
0.009
0.016
qobuleTis raioni
11
5.027
5.027
4.242
1.406
0.009
Suaxevis raioni
11
0.601
0.601
0.476
0.265
xelvaCauris raioni
37
0.627
0.625
0.540
0.448
0.092
xulos raioni
16
0.712
0.712
0.565
0.227
0.005
33
82.387
1.130
81.997
0.871
0.530
lanCxuTis raioni
8
0.566
0.169
0.506
0.166
0.339
ozurgeTis raioni
20
81.790
0.935
81.460
0.704
0.161
Coxatauris raioni
5
0.031
0.027
0.031
0.001
0.030
197
17295.280
52.012
17280.220
38.260
11.948
1.030
q. quTaisi
17
1972.505
39.788
1960.095
27.116
0.275
0.004
tyibuli
22
101.869
0.005
101.675
1.040
0.265
wyaltubo
15
14951.010
1.442
14950.110
1.098
0.195
WiaTura
17
9.174
4.753
8.434
4.300
2.934
sul saqarTveloSi
guria
imereTi
1
5
6
7
8
18.817
9
47702.294
4754.769
3.515
620.864
86.764
0.750
0.143
534.100
2.828
0.211
0.333
0.595
80.000
0.595
80.000
1.478
17227.500
1932.700
100.371
0.814
14948.000
1.200
administraciul-
angariSmgebel
wyalmosargebelTa
raodenoba
aRebulia bunebrivi
wylis obieqtebidan
maT Soris
sul
maT Soris
miwisqveSa
wylis
obieqtebidan
sul
1
2
3
4
5
6
baRdaTis raioni
14
0.214
0.166
0.200
0.143
0.057
vanis raioni
7
0.069
0.068
0.069
0.004
0.013
zestafonis raioni
25
7.894
0.845
7.380
0.670
6.497
Terjolis raioni
30
247.675
0.441
247.614
0.124
0.834
samtrediis raioni
18
0.183
0.183
3.009
2.584
0.425
saCxeris raioni
10
0.841
0.493
0.815
0.430
0.385
xaragaulis raioni
17
0.646
0.620
0.613
0.551
0.063
xonis raioni
5
3.206
3.206
0.206
0.201
0.006
17447.590
46.801
17435.000
7.833
2.017
teritorialuri erTeuli
0
kaxeTi
62
getika
sameurneo
sameurneo saWiroewyalmomar.
bisaTvis
7
8
0.052
0.212
10.279
0.226
246.431
6.883
17407.995
2.567
60.895
q. Telavi
3
1.082
1.082
0.792
0.757
0.035
axmetis raioni
8
66.749
5.854
66.264
2.801
0.002
gurjaanis raioni
9
7.493
1.781
4.634
0.105
0.647
2.856
1.026
dedofliswyaros raioni
1
0.103
0.103
0.095
0.095
Telavis raioni
17
5.203
3.017
3.703
0.006
0.056
1.001
2.642
lagodexis raioni
2
2.606
1.375
1.890
1.088
0.802
sagarejos raioni
4
12.481
0.821
6.241
0.446
0.175
5.620
siRnaRis raioni
11
1.248
1.248
1.137
0.489
yvarlis raioni
7
17350.620
31.522
17350.250
3.136
0.016
45
3340.048
10.931
3318.433
8.163
1.398
q. mcxeTa
2
5.891
5.891
4.900
4.890
0.010
axalgoris raioni
2
0.286
0.022
0.256
0.204
0.052
duSeTis raioni
6
2.194
2.090
1.884
1.720
0.164
TianeTis raioni
5
0.909
0.905
0.669
0.645
0.004
mcxeTa-mTianeTi
2
9
0.648
17347.1
2.620
0.633
0.020
3305.619
administraciul-
angariSmgebel
wyalmosargebelTa
raodenoba
aRebulia bunebrivi
wylis obieqtebidan
maT Soris
sul
maT Soris
miwisqveSa
wylis
obieqtebidan
sul
1
2
3
4
mcxeTis raioni
26
3330.051
1.313
yazbegis raioni
4
0.718
0
getika
sameurneo
bisaTvis
5
6
7
8
9
3310.205
0.205
1.148
2.620
0.613
3305.619
0.710
0.520
0.500
0.020
441.871
1.557
0.193
0.288
439.833
0.907
0.853
0.055
28.878
0.007
0.038
21
442.095
1.096
q. ambrolauri
5
1.026
0.000
ambrolauris raioni
6
28.833
lentexis raioni
2
0.240
0.240
0.222
0.202
0.020
onis raioni
1
0.220
0.080
0.195
0.180
0.015
cageris raioni
7
411.776
0.776
411.669
0.315
0.066
0.288
411.000
58
3048.873
8.003
3047.166
6.398
0.178
0.320
3040.270
q. zugdidi
10
1.531
1.531
1.230
0.888
0.022
0.320
q. foTi
27
3.819
3.819
2.894
2.830
0.063
abaSis raioni
1
0.260
0.260
0.210
0.210
zugdidis raioni
3
0.020
0.020
0.019
0.015
0.004
martvilis raioni
2
0.262
0.262
0.222
0.220
0.002
senakis raioni
7
0.735
0.735
0.735
0.720
0.015
raWa-leCxumi da qv. svaneTi
samegrelo-zemo svaneTi
28.833
Cxorowyus raioni
2
21.000
20.880
0.480
walenjixis raioni
4
3021.020
1.150
3020.790
0.880
0.040
xobis raioni
2
0.227
0.227
0.187
0.155
0.032
samcxe-javaxeTi
39
59.799
6.309
58.278
4.669
0.784
q. axalcixe
5
0.858
0.530
0.765
0.615
0.150
adigenis raioni
8
0.899
0.899
0.793
0.288
0.024
0.481
aspinZis raioni
9
40.836
0.611
40.706
0.303
0.069
0.534
axalqalaqis raioni
6
14.717
3.000
13.920
2.190
0.360
3
20.400
3019.870
0.830
0.490
1.312
50.683
39.800
10.880
administraciul-
angariSmgebel
wyalmosargebelTa
raodenoba
aRebulia bunebrivi
wylis obieqtebidan
maT Soris
sul
maT Soris
miwisqveSa
wylis
obieqtebidan
sul
1
2
3
4
5
axalcixis raioni
4
1.218
0.330
1.005
0.365
borjomis raioni
6
1.171
0.839
0.999
0.833
0.166
ninowmindis raioni
1
0.100
0.100
0.090
0.075
0.015
0
getika
sameurneo
bisaTvis
6
7
8
9
0.340
0.297
0.003
31.460
4.213
774.768
qvemo qarTli
62
1061.989
26.717
988.121
17.305
160.375
q. rusTavi
6
11.624
11.624
14.538
11.570
2.968
bolnisis raioni
14
9.874
6.542
7.478
1.741
2.348
1.568
1.820
gardabnis raioni
20
442.238
3.536
534.670
0.410
153.734
18.674
2.393
dmanisis raioni
2
1.800
1.800
181.687
1.420
0.200
TeTri wyaros raioni
3
7.018
0.852
3.611
0.663
0.108
2.840
marneulis raioni
15
32.748
1.352
9.955
0.600
0.977
8.378
walkis raioni
2
236.253
1.011
236.182
0.900
0.040
39
77.460
7.030
46.952
4.748
2.866
q. gori
11
2.775
2.775
1.990
1.845
0.145
goris raioni
9
55.674
1.294
32.644
1.069
kaspis raioni
10
4.268
0.831
3.005
0.494
qarelis raioni
4
6.149
0.545
4.529
0.453
2.374
1.701
xaSuris raioni
5
8.594
1.585
4.784
0.887
0.018
3.879
Sida qarTli
4
180.067
235.242
39.163
0.175
31.575
0.328
359.459
2.008
0.175
cxrili 2
wyalsargeblobis saerTo maCveneblebi
(administraciul-teritorialuri erTeulebis mixedviT)
mln. kub. m. 2005 w.
0
sul
CaSvebulia
Caedineba
danakargebi brunviTi
angariSmgebel saerTo
gadacemuli zedapiruli DdabinZu- normatiu- normatiul. tranzida meoradi
wylis
wyalmosar- wyalarineba
gamoyenebis
wylis
tuli
rebuli lad sufTa gawmendili
transpor- mimdevrobiTi
tranzitis
gebelTa
Semdeg
obieqtebSi Camdinare Camdinare Camdinare
wylebi tirebisas wyalmomarag.
gareSe
raodenoba
tranzitis wylebi
wylebi
wylebi
gareSe
1'
10
726
47732,636
q. Tbilisi
33
aWaris avt. respublika
137
q. baTumi
11
12
13
14
17
411.534
47732,165
5010.149
0.015
4812.560
57.653
4754.907
649.466
0.142
646.782
22.381
620.866
3.535
44.236
40
110.643
0.142
110.619
20.318
86.766
3.535
17.060
qedis raioni
22
534.244
534.119
0.019
534.100
qobuleTis raioni
11
3.116
1.135
1.135
0.781
Suaxevis raioni
11
0.476
0.264
0.264
0.125
xelvaCauris raioni
37
0.441
0.437
0.437
0.090
xulos raioni
16
0.546
0.208
0.208
0.148
33
81.164
81.075
0.812
lanCxuTis raioni
8
0.417
0.417
0.159
ozurgeTis raioni
20
80.738
80.649
0.644
Coxatauris raioni
5
0.009
0.009
0.009
197
17266.990
q. quTaisi
17
tyibuli
wyaltubo
guria
imereTi
0.005
250,365
209.684
18
292.72
0.709
26.032
0.263
0.390
0.258
0.060
80.000
0.005
0.330
17261.530
33.419 17227.510
0.604
15.064
10.982
1949.510
1949.476
16.761
1932.700
0.015
12.406
0.089
22
101.331
101.331
0.907
100.371
0.054
0.194
15
14948.840
14948.830
0.741 14948.010
0.080
0.902
0.005
5
80.000
8.874
16
0.471
sul saqarTveloSi
517.481 47205.81
15
0
sul
CaSvebulia
Caedineba
wylis
gamoyenebis
wylis
tuli
tranzitis
gebelTa
Semdeg
gareSe
raodenoba
tranzitis wylebi
wylebi
wylebi
gareSe
1'
10
WiaTura
17
baRdaTis raioni
11
12
13
6.786
4.402
4.362
14
0.177
0.176
0.143
vanis raioni
7
0.056
0.012
0.006
zestafonis raioni
25
5.929
5.712
5.654
Terjolis raioni
30
247.410
247.253
samtrediis raioni
18
4.898
2.467
saCxeris raioni
10
0.674
xaragaulis raioni
17
xonis raioni
14
0.003
15
16
17
18
0.040
0.739
2.795
0.032
0.014
0.003
0.058
0.515
0.111
0.060
2.465
0.002
0.175
0.673
0.508
0.165
0.027
0.439
0.439
0.395
0.044
0.032
5
0.945
0.764
0.764
62
17412.495
0.004
17412.491
0.008
12.705
3
0.631
0.002
0.631
0.629
0.002
0.290
axmetis raioni
8
64.911
62.857
62.857
0.485
gurjaanis raioni
9
1.356
0.460
0.460
2.979
dedofliswyaros raioni
1
0.076
Telavis raioni
17
2.173
0.009
0.003
lagodexis raioni
2
0.374
0.374
0.374
sagarejos raioni
4
0.201
siRnaRis raioni
11
0.728
0.018
yvarlis raioni
7
17376.142
17376.142
45
3237.897
3236.817
6.102
q. mcxeTa
2
4.007
4.007
4.007
axalgoris raioni
2
0.222
0.222
0.210
0.012
0.030
duSeTis raioni
6
1.584
1.584
1.480
0.104
0.310
kaxeTi
q. Telavi
mcxeTa-mTianeTi
0.711
246.431
65.383 17347.1
0.008
0.006
1.500
0.716
0.002
6.240
6
0.018
0.111
1.042 17347.1
0.376
3229.389
1.327
76.230
21.625
0.997
8.098
0
sul
CaSvebulia
Caedineba
wylis
gamoyenebis
wylis
tuli
tranzitis
gebelTa
Semdeg
gareSe
raodenoba
tranzitis wylebi
wylebi
wylebi
gareSe
1'
10
11
12
TianeTis raioni
5
0.534
0.004
mcxeTis raioni
26
3231.098
3230.548
yazbegis raioni
4
0.453
21
441.309
q. ambrolauri
5
ambrolauris raioni
13
14
15
16
0.004
17
0.240
0.005 3229.389
1.154
0.453
0.400
0.053
441.097
1.264
0.685
0.685
0.685
6
28.866
28.866
0.033
lentexis raioni
2
0.160
0.160
0.160
0.018
onis raioni
1
0.150
0.150
0.150
0.025
cageris raioni
7
411.448
0.016
411.236
0.236
58
3044.265
0.241
3044.196
q. zugdidi
10
0.534
0.240
0.514
q. foTi
27
2.297
0.001
2.257
2.257
0.925
abaSis raioni
1
0.120
0.120
0.120
0.050
zugdidis raioni
3
0.010
0.001
0.001
0.001
martvilis raioni
2
0.062
0.062
0.062
0.040
senakis raioni
7
0.287
0.287
0.287
Cxorowyus raioni
2
20.640
20.640
0.240
20.400
0.120
walenjixis raioni
4
3020.260
3020.260
0.390
3019.870
0.230
xobis raioni
2
0.055
0.055
0.055
samcxe-javaxeTi
39
56.180
55.140
4.518
raWa-leCxumi da qv. svaneTi
samegrelo-zemo svaneTi
0.016
439.833
76.230
19.850
0.198
0.225
0.044
0.075
28.833
0.044
411.000
0.107
3.926 3040.270
1.707
0.514
0.302
0.040
50.622
1.521
q. axalcixe
5
0.732
0.706
0.706
0.093
adigenis raioni
8
0.645
0.275
0.275
0.106
aspinZis raioni
9
40.530
40.116
0.316
7
18
39.800
0.130
0
sul
CaSvebulia
Caedineba
wylis
gamoyenebis
wylis
tuli
tranzitis
gebelTa
Semdeg
gareSe
raodenoba
tranzitis wylebi
wylebi
wylebi
gareSe
1'
10
11
12
12.871
13
14
2.049
10.822
15
16
17
axalqalaqis raioni
6
12.871
axalcixis raioni
4
0.524
0.294
0.294
0.213
borjomis raioni
6
0.797
0.797
0.797
0.172
ninowmindis raioni
1
0.081
0.081
0.081
0.010
733.245
317.210
qvemo qarTli
62
1070.107
0.048
q. rusTavi
6
20.427
0.048
bolnisis raioni
14
7.112
3.592
3.269
gardabnis raioni
20
623.100
311.861
311.861
dmanisis raioni
2
181.547
181.547
1.480
TeTri wyaros raioni
3
0.689
marneulis raioni
15
1.097
1.003
2
236.134
235.242
walkis raioni
415.309
0.797
0.726
174.135
0.323
173.513
180.067
73.868
210.242
2.465
62.218
2.396
0.722
43.176
147.302
0.180
0.622
0.600
2.785
0.403
22.795
235.242
0.071
39
7.990
6.841
4.815
2.027
30.508
q. gori
11
1.760
1.711
1.710
0.001
0.785
goris raioni
9
1.121
0.190
0.190
kaspis raioni
10
0.634
0.465
0.275
0.191
1.263
qarelis raioni
4
2.260
2.260
0.435
1.825
1.620
xaSuris raioni
5
2.215
2.215
2.205
0.010
3.810
Sida qarTli
8
18
0.009
23.030
0.009
cxrili 3
Savi zRvis wylis fizikur-qimiuri
maCveneblebi
biotopi,
koordinatebi
baTumis
porti
N-410 39 1
E-41 0 38 1
s i R r m e, m
0
fizikuri
maCveneblebi
elqtrogamtaroba,
ms/sm
temperatura, 0 C
wneva, decibari
bgeris gavrcelebis
siCqare, m/wm
simkvrive, kg/m3
qimiuri
maCveneblebi
wyalSi gaxsnili
Jangbadi, mg/l
JangbadiT gajereba,
%
pH
Jangvadoba, 02 /l
marilianoba, %0
nitritebi
NO2 - mkg/N l
nitratebi
NO3 - mkg/N l
naxSirorJangi
CO2 mg/ l
10
30
17.765
19.205
21.198
13.352
0.765
1490.50
13.121
9.450
1493.74
15.730
20.123
1499.40
1012.77
1021.11
1013.82
9.08
8.86
8.96
86.4
85.0
84.10
8.28
2.5
17.125
5.0
8.25
2.7
16.471
6.0
8.14
3.0
17.919
6.0
130.1
115.2
118.5
-
-
-
9
cxrili 4
maCveneblebi
s i R r m e, m
biotopi,
koordinatebi
adlia
N-410 37 1
E-41 0 34 1
0
fizikuri
maCveneblebi
elqtrogamtaroba,
ms/sm
temperatura, 0 C
wneva, decibari
bgeris gavrcelebis
siCqare, m/wm
simkvrive, kg/m3
qimiuri
maCveneblebi
wyalSi gaxsnili
Jangbadi, mg/l
JangbadiT gajereba,
%
pH
Jangvadoba, 02 /l
marilianoba, %0
nitritebi
NO2 - mkg/N l
nitratebi
NO3 - mkg/N l
naxSirorJangi
CO2 mg/ l
10
30
10.653
24.630
24.743
10.213
0.130
1473.04
11.610
8.827
1496.32
12.015
19.413
1516.404
1003.80
1012.00
1012.48
10.54
9.64
9.01
101.5
95.8
89.26
8.20
2.6
17.684
4.0
8.16
2.8
17.560
4.0
8.15
2.5
17.830
3.0
67.2
65.8
66.4
-
-
-
10
cxrili 5
maCveneblebi
biotopi,
koordinatebi
cixisZiri
N-410 47 1
E-41 0 45 1
s i R r m e, m
0
fizikuri
maCveneblebi
elqtrogamtaroba,
ms/sm
temperatura, 0 C
wneva, decibari
bgeris gavrcelebis
siCqare, m/wm
simkvrive, kg/m3
qimiuri
maCveneblebi
wyalSi gaxsnili
Jangbadi, mg/l
JangbadiT gajereba,
%
pH
Jangvadoba, 02 /l
marilianoba, %0
nitritebi
NO2 - mkg/N l
nitratebi
NO3 - mkg/N l
naxSirorJangi
CO2 mg/ l
10
30
18.860
20.009
20.987
12.062
1.350
1474.99
12.114
10.273
1474.20
12.782
20.204
1471.04
1011.15
1013.12
1013.84
10.76
11.05
10.50
102.1
102.4
90.0
8.23
3.0
15.108
6.0
8.18
2.6
17.291
3.0
8.16
3.0
17.940
3.0
97.8
94.3
98.2
-
-
-
11
cxrili 6
maCveneblebi
s i R r m e, m
biotopi,
koordinatebi
sufsa
N-420 02 1
E-41 0 431
0
fizikuri
maCveneblebi
elqtrogamtaroba,
ms/sm
temperatura, 0 C
wneva, decibari
bgeris gavrcelebis
siCqare, m/wm
simkvrive, kg/m3
qimiuri
maCveneblebi
wyalSi gaxsnili
Jangbadi, mg/l
JangbadiT gajereba,
%
pH
Jangvadoba, 02 /l
marilianoba, %0
nitritebi
NO2 - mkg/N l
nitratebi
NO3 - mkg/N l
naxSirorJangi
CO2 mg/ l
10
30
19.6
20.24
21.200
9.66
0.47
1466.8
9.08
10.22
1465.8
13.45
20.20
1471.9
1013.0
1013.8
1014.9
11.47
11.04
11.10
100.8
94.7
90.0
8.28
3.0
17.019
4.0
8.25
2.8
17.892
5.0
8.19
3.1
17.940
5.0
65.4
66.2
66.5
-
-
-
12
cxrili 7
maCveneblebi
biotopi,
koordinatebi
foTi
N-420 08 1
E-41 0 38 1
s i R r m e, m
0
fizikuri
maCveneblebi
elqtrogamtaroba,
ms/sm
temperatura, 0 C
wneva, decibari
bgeris gavrcelebis
siCqare, m/wm
simkvrive, kg/m3
qimiuri
maCveneblebi
wyalSi gaxsnili
Jangbadi, mg/l
JangbadiT gajereba,
%
pH
Jangvadoba, 02 /l
marilianoba, %0
nitritebi
NO2 - mkg/N l
nitratebi
NO3 - mkg/N l
naxSirorJangi
CO2 mg/ l
10
30
13.54
26.37
26.80
9.70
0.254
1497.84
9.73
7.593
1505.52
12.3
18.555
1510.52
1004.05
1011.28
1011.82
11.31
10.91
10.10
100.4
98.8
95.8
8.32
4.3
8.327
7.0
8.30
3.5
17.572
6.0
8.25
4.5
17.900
6.5
95.3
94.0
97.2
-
-
-
13
cxrili 8
fitoplanqtonis saxeobrivi da raodenobrivi
maCveneblebi
indeqsi
1
2
saSualo raodenobrivi maCveneblebi
raodenoba, N biomasa,BBB
saxeoba
mg/m3
mln ujr/m3
biotopi
saxeoba,
jgufi
gonio-baTumi
diatomovanebi
18
142.2
214.8
dinoflagelata
8
31.6
244.2
lurj-mwvaneebi
6
6.4
58.2
sul
32
180.2
517.2
diatomovanebi
19
171.5
233.6
dinoflagelata
10
52.4
576.2
lurj-mwvaneebi
5
4.8
26.2
sul
34
228.7
836.0
diatomovanebi
20
313.7
448.4
dinoflagelata
10
84.0
820.4
lurj-mwvaneebi
7
11.2
84.4
wyalmcenareebi
37
408.9
1353.2
sufsa-foTi
sul
sul
14
cxrili 9
Savi zRvis sanapiro wylebis baTumi-foTis aqvatoriis
Ffitoplanqtonis saxeobrivi Sedgeniloba
Cyanophyta
Merismopedia punctata,Meyen
Microccoleus sp.
Anabaena flos-aquae (Lyngb).Breb.
Bacillariohphita
Melosira juergensii Ag.
M.moniliformis (O.Miill)A.G.
Sceletonema costatum (Grev.)Cl.
Cyclotella caspia (Grun.).
Coscinodiscus granii Jorgh.
C. jonesianus (Grev.)Ostf.
Thalassionema nitzschioides Grun.
Grammatophora marina (Lyngb).Kiitz.
Cocconeis scutelum Her.
Chaetoceros socislis Laud.
Ch.curvisetus Cl.
Ch. affinis Laud.
Navicula minuta (Grun).
Bacillaria paradoxa Gmel.
Amphora hyaline Kiitz.
Amphiphora alata Kiitz.
Cymbella lanceolatta (Her.)V.H.
Nitzschia longissima (Breb.).
N. closterium (Her.)W.Sm.
Dinophita
Prorocentrum scutellum Sch.
Pr.micans Her.
Exuviella acymmetrica Wislouh
Amphydinium lanceolatum Herdm.
Peridinium granii Ostf.
P. pellucidum (Berg.)Schiitt.
P. steinii Jorg.
Peridinium sp.
Ceratium fusus var.Schiitt.
C.minutum Jorg.
C.furca (Her.)Clap.et Lachm.
Euglenophyta
Euglena viridis (Erh.)
Euglena sp.
Trachaelomonas volvocina Ehr.
15
cxrili 10
Semodgomis zooplanqtonis saxeobrivi Semadgenloba,
raodenoba (egz/m3) da biomasa (mg/m3)
jgufi da saxeobebi
gonio
egz/m3
mg/ m3
biotopi
baTumi
qobuleTi
egz/ m3
mg/ m3
egz/ m3
mg/ m3
saSualo
egz/m3
mg/ m3
sakvebi zooplanqtoni
Copepoda
Paracalanus parvus
Acartia clausi
Acartia tonsa
Oitona nana
Varia
sul
Cladocera
Penilia arvirostris
sul
11
7
18
28
130
194
0.15
0.8
2.0
0.034
0.026
3.010
5
3
20
3
100
131
0.07
0.8
2.2
0.004
0.02
3.094
8
16
31
150
110
315
0.11
1.76
0.34
0.018
0.022
2.25
8
9
23
60
113
213
0.11
1.12
1.51
0.02
0.02
2.78
2
0.007
4
0.14
21
0.735
9
0.294
196
3.017
135
3.234
336
2.985
222
3.074
arasakvebi zooplanqtoni
Chetognata
Sagitta setosa
Dinoflagellata (Peridinea)
Noctiluca scintillans
4
0.008
11
0.022
7
0.014
7
0.015
32
2.56
100
8.0
25
2.0
52
4.19
Stenofora
Pleurobrachia pileus
1
1.0
18
18.0
9
9.0
9
9.3
37
3.568
129
26.022
41
11.014
68
13.505
233
6.585
264
29.256
377
13.999
290
16.579
sul
jami
16
cxrili 11
zamTris zooplanqtonis saxeobrivi Semadgenloba,
raodenoba (egz/m3) da biomasa (mg/m3)
biotopi
jgufi, saxeoba
sakvebi zooplanqtoni
Copepoda
Calanus helgolandicus
Pseudocalanus elongates
Acartia clausi
Oitona similis
Varia
sul
Cladocera
Penilia arvirostris
sul
arasakvebi zooplanqtoni
Chetognata
Sagitta setosa
Dinoflagellata(Peridinea)
Noctiluca scintillans
Stenofora
Pleurobrachia pileus
sul
jami
gonio
egz/m3
mg/m3
baTumi
egz/m3
mg/m3
qobuleTi
egz/m3
mg/m3
67
23
6
95
180
371
42.1
51.06
0.066
0.028
0.036
93.4
26
20
5
70
150
271
16.38
44.4
0.055
0.021
0.03
60.886
41
20
8
88
280
437
25.83
45.51
0.088
0.026
0.056
71.51
-
-
-
-
-
-
371
93.4
271
60.886
437
14
0.42
24
0.72
80
8.16
237
28
122
493
28.0
36.58
129.98
58
319
590
17
saSualo
egz/m3
mg/m3
44
21
6
84
203
358
28.1
46.99
0.07
0.025
0.041
75.19
71.51
358
75.19
16
0.465
18
0.535
24.19
219
22.35
179
18.23
58.0
82.91
143.796
18
253
690
18.0
40.815
112.325
35
232
590
34.66
53.425
128.615
cxrili 12
Savi zRvis saqarTvelos Selfis (gonio-foTi) 2005w. Semodgoma-zamTris
sakvebi makrozoobenTosis saxeobaTa xvedriloba
saxeobebi
Polychaeta
Aricia latreillii
Aricidea cerrutii
Ancistrosyllis tentaculata
Exogone gemmifera
Harmothoe reticulata
Heteromastus filiformis
Magelona papilicornis
Melinna palmate
Microspio mecznikovianus
Nephthys longicornis
N.cirrosa
N.hombergii
Nereis zonata
Paraonis fulgens
Prionospio cirrifera
Phyllodoce lineata
Spio filicornis
Terebellides stroemi
Mollusca,Gastropoda
Cyclope donovani
Cylichnina strigella
Odostomia pallida
Partenina intersticta
Proneritula westerlundi
Retusa truncatella
Bivalvia
Abra nitida
Arca tetragona
Chamelea gallina
Cunearca cornea
Fabulina fabula
Lucinella divaricata
Lentidium mediterraneum
Mytilus galloprovincialis
Pitar rudis
Spisula triangula
Crustacea
Ampelisca diadema
Balanus improvisus
Diogenes pugilator
Callianassa pestai
C.truncata
Cumela pugmaea
Hyale pontica
sul saxeobaTa raodenoba
gonio
baTumi
cixisZiri
sufsa
foTi
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
-
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
-
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
27
+
+
+
+
24
+
+
+
+
+
+
21
+
17
+
+
21
18
cxrili 13
Savi zRvis saqarTvelos Selfis (gonio-foTi) 2005 w.
Semodgoma-zamTris makrozoobenTosis raodenobisa (egz/m2) da
biomasis (g/m2) dinamika
sakvlevi
raionebi
gonio
baTumi
cixisZiri
sufsa
foTi
saSualo
makrozoobenTosis jgufebi
Polychaet
Bivalvia
Crustacea
sxvadasxva
sul
GGastropoda
B
egz/m2
g/m2
egz/m2
g/m2
egz/m2
g/m2
egz/m2
g/m2
egz/m2
g/m2
egz/m2
g/m2
1200
12.3
134
5.4
154
7.3
165
26.1
34
1.2
337
10.5
620
4.5
60
2.4
370
160.3
60
1.2
20
0.1
226
33.7
150
2.9
140
35.4
2590
1090.7
230
17.6
21
0.5
626
229.4
80
2.3
70
3.6
620
481.4
20
0.4
180
1.7
194
97.9
148
2.7
8
1.5
344
41.4
34
2.1
145
3.4
136
10.2
440
4.9
82
9.7
816
356.2
102
9.5
80
1.4
1519
381.7
19
cxrili 14
saqarTvelos garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministros saxelmwifo saqveuwyebo dawesebuleba satyeo meurneobis
departamentis teritoriuli organoebis (satyeo meurneobebis) mier 2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi gacemuli xe-tyis Sesaxeb
xe-tyis gacema Wris saxeebis mixedviT
specialur
sul gacemuli
xe_tye
satyeo meurneoba
gzebis
mowyoba
(km)
mTavari
sargeblobiT
plantaciuri
meurneobiT
gamoxSirviTi
gavliTi
sanitaruli
moTxrilmotexili
sul
mSenebloba
SekeTeba
likvidi
m.S. masala
likvidi
m.S. masala
likvidi
m.S. masala
likvidi
m.S. masala
likvidi
m.S. masala
likvidi
m.S. masala
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
ozurgeTi_lanCxuTi
Coxatauri
baRdaTi
saCxere
quTaisi
xaragauli
axmeta
7291
1276
62,4
64,4
42868
19292
448,4
453,9
12,0
20,0
23594
7779
209,4
175,2
17,0
32,3
22716
3091
211.8
230,4
18936
2058
117,7
113,8
22968
3311
247,9
272,4
8,0
42772
10884
394,5
394,5
12,0
7,0
2,0
4,7
731
10,0
2259
2,8
3910
_
2979
1,0
287
6,0
1357
1,6
2310
_
1857
10,0
434
3,0
2051
250
1,1
1007
1,0
136
1,9
0,4
589
0,2
253
28
0,3
97
19
0,2
87
20
1,9
1917
0,4
79
0,25
35
0,4
0,5
487
0,15
18
50
39
6,5
3152
32,2
40292
19,2
12963
8,8
5637
5,4
4848
15,1
9625
21,0
27326
2,1
915
10,8
17809
5,7
5000
2,4
1219
1,7
1264
3,7
2985
6,2
7728
201
22
23
15
166
9
3496
1344
likvidi
faqtiurad
Setanili
3
m.S. masala
biujetSi
Sesatani
2
aWara
20
21
22
73007
3,5
3207
1,0
317
7,0
6585
10,0
14077
10,5
11416
6,5
12752
5,0
8404
15535
likvidi
m.S. masala
mosaxl
likvidi
1
mosakrebeli
bunebrivi
resursebiT
sargeblobisaTvis
(aT.lari)
51
127
434
45
161
1
Telavi
gurjaani_sagarejo
qiziyi
yvareli
axalgori
duSeTi
TianeTi
mcxeTa
Tb.komp.s/m
ambrolauri
lentexi
oni
cageri
odiSi
martvili
kolxeTi
2
19246
20576
4316
22146
3
3854
487
52
4411
4
238,8
127,7
23,4
169,1
5
172,1
75,6
21074
2526
120,2
120,2
3630
405
235,6
241,8
21,5
21,2
35,6
24,0
8,0
22,0
14108
4495
79,8
79,8
12,0
91,1
15558
5303
130,8
128,9
25298
7969
241,9
236,1
26796
10482
304,4
290,9
1577
57,9
1,5
636
12
13
14
1399
0,1
102
0,4
457
0,05
52
0,25
300
0,3
198
0,6
610
15
557
0,05
0,1
1,4
160
0,4
68
0,5
683
0,4
0,1
325
0,1
640
331
2,0
204
35,6
121,9
10848
3,0
1171
4,0
340
117,6
91,1
11
4,0
4528
4745
10
28,0
19812
17346
9
0,5
370
24,9
80,5
3528
8
1,0
370
127,7
1521
7217
7
255,2
12451
29978
6
61,2
18,5
5,0
14,0
21,0
7,4
534
13,8
4059
1,0
4,4
391
7,3
2876
0,6
4,5
4532
0,9
412
20,0
21
6,1
3175
0,6
1,4
955
0,1
3,2
1010
1,2
1050
0,2
249
0,1
50
2,0
1606
0,8
187
0,3
350
0,1
151
0,05
30
1,0
912
729
721
16
17
12,0
10196
5,5
5970
1,0
1013
13,9
11051
3,4
3606
12,9
9274
10.0
21769
1,4
1646
2,0
1636
10,0
9396
12,8
9614
12,0
10098
15,0
9487
14,2
10529
20,0
17217
0,2
210
3,5
3468
0,6
470
18
652
19
17
60
4,5
3313
1,0
949
4,0
2520
3,0
6454
0,5
0,3
405
3,5
3451
4,0
3800
5,0
4421
5,0
4562
5,5
4529
0,6
6537
2
198
20
1358
172
14
6
125
80
1137
695
245
104
499
259
2282
1535
812
251
20
5,0
8680
11,3
13756
1,9
2531
8,0
9269
6,0
6688
12,0
11786
7,0
7186
1,6
1882
1,5
1994
7,0
7116
5,0
3357
7,0
5993
6,0
4487
7,0
9962
4,0
6518
4,0
3688
21
16
142
2
234
42
154
1659
22
1
2
3
4
5
45945
15944
328,4
324,6
49468
21696
298,4
290,5
39063
7008
211,8
211,5
6
7
zemo svaneTi
adigeni
axalcixe
9,0
8
9
10,0
5669
6,5
3414
8129
1,0
720
10
11
12
13
4954
0,6
553
0,4
509
3,9
175
4,4
1369
0,1
130
0,9
72
0,8
373
426
0,9
177
0,4
386
3,7
708
0,4
147
0,5
246
1,0
1052
0,5
461
borjom_bakuriani
kaspi
35024
9371
255,3
287,0
7324
714
531
56,8
20498
2230
133,2
143,3
6539
10
26,4
26,4
20808
473
111,8
111,8
11070
132
46,3
50,3
2815
2
17,4
17,4
4,0
4,0
5698,30
5759,10
2,0
8,0
0,5
840
xaSur_qareli
cxinvali
bolnisi
TeTriwyaro
gardabani
saqtyeTesli
sul
855
760273
180378
0,2
140
55.0
261,3
66,2
38630
34,0
21254
1,5
1413
0,1
116
0,8
827
37,9
16153
14
15
16
17
13
0,8
735
23,2
27920
9,0
13433
14,0
21969
8,6
9598
3,2
7325
2,92
4442
0,2
177
0,1
56
12,3
12367
2,0
815
4,9
4945
0,6
232
0,9
223
7,1
4999
2,0
1790
29
1,5
1414
10
19
2890
877
743
143
302
63
372
216
4,8
3873
1,4
1715
0,6
584
1,5
4261
0,8
2396
328,9
324230
1,0
207
0,3
60
0,1
9
102,62
110408
1575
18659
6,6
8957
15,0
27702
12,2
12848
14,0
22178
5,5
5283
2
5886
855
223,0
356830
56
503
48
20
12,0
14419
2,5
5434
11,5
14974
4,0
7800
1,4
1722
958
12
0,2
72
0,1
9,2
4643
18
21
22
1925
9332
762
4186
1
82
34890
SeniSvna: xe-tyis gacemis maCvenebel grafebSi mricxvelSi aisaxeba teritoriul organoebze (satyeo meurneobaze) satyeo meurneobis departamentis mier da
gacemis wliuri davalebebi (aTasi kbm), xolo mniSvnelSi xe-tyis gacemis faqti wlis ganmavlobaSi (kbm)
22
cxrili 15
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi (Tveebis mixedviT) atmosferuli haeris temperaturis
saSualo (0C) mniSvnelobebis ganawileba saqarTvelos teritoriaze
dakvirvebis
sadgurebi
foTi
I
II
7.2
7.1
baTumi
8.4
zugdidi
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
7.6
13.5
17.0
19.7
24.7
25.0
21.1
15.2
12.0
9.8
15.0
8.4
7.5
13.2
16.0
19.2
23.8
24.4
20.7
15.0
12.5
10.5
15.0
6.3
7.2
7.3
14.1
18.0
19.3
24.6
24.5
20.6
14.3
11.0
8.8
14.7
senaki
9.0
7.4
7.7
14.4
18.1
19.9
24.9
25.2
21.3
15.4
11.7
9.7
15.4
quTaisi
7.2
7.1
7.2
14.6
18.8
19.9
25.1
25.3
21.4
15.3
12.2
9.6
15.3
ambrolauri
1.2
3.3
4.2
11.1
16.5
18.1
23.8
22.9
18.2
12..0
7.0
4.5
11.9
cageri
2.5
3.3
4.4
11.9
17.5
18.4
24.1
23.7
19.3
12.1
8.1
4.6
12.5
Sovi
-4.1
-3.9
-2.6
4.2
10.1
12.2
17.9
16.6
11.8
5.8
2.2
-1.5
5.7
baxmaro
-3.9
-5.4
-4.2
3.2
8.1
9.8
15.0
15.3
10.5
5.1
1.9
0.0
4.6
xulo
2.5
1.9
2.6
10.4
14.4
15.5
20.7
20.8
16.4
10.0
7.6
5.4
10.7
axalcixe
-4.1
-2.5
2.7
9.2
13.8
16.3
22.1
21.8
16.2
9.9
4.8
0.1
9.2
walka
-3.1
-5.8
-0.2
6.0
10.6
12.8
17.8
17.0
12.8
7.1
3.3
-1.7
6.4
axalqalaqi
-8.7
-8.0
-2.4
5.3
9.8
11.9
17.3
17.9
12.1
5.2
3.1
-3.1
5.0
fasanauri
-2.8
1.8
2.0
8.8
13.0
15.4
19.7
19.2
14.9
9.0
5.1
0.7
8.9
gori
1.4
1.2
4.1
11.0
15.8
17.8
23.7
23.0
18.2
11.9
6.4
3.1
11.5
Tbilisi kms
3.3
2.5
6.5
12.6
17.5
20.0
26.4
25.1
20.1
13.4
8.4
5.7
13.5
bolnisi
2.3
1.5
6.1
12.6
17.2
19.5
26.1
24.7
19.7
12.9
8.1
4.9
13.0
Telavi
2.3
2.1
6.4
12.4
17.1
19.4
25.3
23.6
19.1
12.6
7.9
5.3
12.8
dedoflis wy.
1.2
0.3
4.4
11.0
16.0
18.7
24.9
23.3
18.2
11.5
6.3
3.9
11.6
23
XII
wlis
cxrili 16
H2005 wlis haeris saSualo tempereturis mravalwliuri saSualodan (normidan)
gadaxra, (0C)
dakvirvebis
sadgurebi
foTi
I
II
III
1.5
0.7
-1.2
baTumi
1.9
1.6
zugdidi
1.4
senaki
V
VI
IX
X
1.6
0.6
-0.6
1.6
1.5
0.6
-1.3
0.1
1.9
0.6
-1.2
1.5
0.2
-0.3
1.7
1.8
0.9
-1.5
0.1
1.6
0.7
1.7
-0.9
1.8
1.0
-1.0
2.0
1.8
1.4
-0.8
0.5
2.1
3.6
1.2
-1.3
1.6
0.9
0.5
-0.9
2.1
2.0
1.2
-1.0
-0.5
2.1
0.9
quTaisi
2.0
1.3
-1.2
1.7
0.9
-1.1
1.9
1.7
0.9
-1.1
0.7
2.1
ambrolauri
1.5
2.2
0.8
-1.2
0.2
0.6
-1.1
1.9
0.8
0.3
-0.5
0.3
3.1
cageri
2.5
0.7
2.2
-0.9
0.8
1.1
-1.1
2.3
1.7
1.4
-0.4
1.1
2.9
1.1
Sovi
1.5
0.7
-1.4
0.4
0.5
-0.6
2.3
1.0
0.4
-0.8
0.8
1.9
0.5
baxmaro
1.3
-0.6
-1.9
0.7
0.8
-0.6
2.2
1.9
0.6
-0.9
0.7
2.7
0.6
xulo
1.6
0.2
-2.0
1.0
0.6
-1.0
2.1
1.4
0.2
-2.3
-0.2
1.8
0.0
-0.3
-1.0
-0.5
0.2
-0.2
-0.9
1.7
1.3
-0.1
-0.5
0.7
1.3
0.2
1.7
-2.0
0.1
1.1
0.5
-0.4
1.7
1.1
0.7
-0.6
1.5
0.7
0.5
-1.4
-1.9
-0.2
0.9
0.2
-0.7
1.9
1.9
0.1
-1.7
1.7
1.1
0.0
gori
1.3
0.8
0.1
1.4
0.6
-0.2
1.2
0.7
0.5
-0.4
1.4
2.3
1.1
Tbilisi kms
2.6
1.0
-0.7
0.7
0.1
-1.3
1.5
0.7
0.2
-0.4
0.4
2.2
0.6
walka
3.0
0.6
0.6
1.3
1.0
-0.1
2.8
1.6
1.1
0.0
1.2
3.4
0.8
bolnisi
2.0
-0.5
0.2
1.3
0.8
-0.7
2.5
1.4
0.9
-0.4
1.1
2.6
1.0
Telavi
1.8
0.2
0.7
1.3
1.1
-0.2
2.4
0.6
0.6
-0.5
0.9
2.8
1.0
dedoflis wy.
2.7
0.2
1.2
1.9
1.5
0.4
3.2
1.6
1.2
0.2
1.3
3.4
1.5
axalcixe
axalqalaqi
fasanauri
IV
24
VII
VIII
XI
XII
wlis
cxrili 17
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi (Tveebis mixedviT) naleqis jamis mniSvnelobebis ganawileba
saqarTvelos teritoriaze (mm)
dakvirvebis
sadgurebi
foTi
baTumi
zugdidi
senaki
quTaisi
ambrolauri
cageri
Sovi
baxmaro
xulo
axalcixe
walka
axalqalaqi
fasanauri
gori
Tbilisi kms
bolnisi
Telavi
dedoflis wy.
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
wlis
88.8
155.4
82.5
105.9
93.5
41.0
35.8
34.1
106.4
117.2
13.4
7.8
48.5
10.3
15.1
10.5
8.9
10.8
9.7
162.6
217.8
67.0
94.3
66.8
33.5
74.6
73.0
74.9
60.8
28.4
42.7
39.0
61.9
19.9
38.3
55.6
31.1
26.8
274.7
285.4
364.9
277.8
254.3
251.9
414.9
237.4
258.9
212.0
61.1
33.4
69.1
146.1
73.0
17.9
31.6
42.0
46.4
137.2
114.1
138.7
150.0
140.5
146.6
227.1
242.2
67.4
94.3
64.6
94.7
104.2
56.1
69.5
82.1
77.8
88.3
54.6
75.0
74.3
164.0
183.7
124.9
91.4
137.5
113.8
79.4
135.9
94.0
124.7
100.9
202.2
91.0
115.7
108.6
192.0
103.9
184.5
225.3
315.0
264.9
206.4
96.4
190.1
109.4
108.5
69.4
64.6
182.0
125.9
173.2
69.9
120.8
107.2
116.2
59.2
312.7
132.7
104.5
110.6
15.3
43.6
69.7
89.2
49.1
39.2
25.3
43.1
106.6
130.0
28.9
34.0
16.3
36.4
8.6
516.8
376.1
324.0
392.8
180.9
151.5
267.2
188.5
154.8
130.2
52.8
135.9
70.3
35.7
114.3
78.2
57.6
151.1
51.8
375.8
373.6
71.2
148.8
45.5
64.8
105.1
55.1
111.2
61.9
33.8
79.6
79.8
71.3
34.7
80.6
79.4
156.0
73.1
795.8
614.5
283.4
482.5
352.6
195.8
267.0
251.2
352.3
476.5
72.6
81.6
80.9
167.1
69.8
59.8
27.5
95.0
83.4
151.3
272.4
193.7
132.1
122.1
65.0
99.8
51.7
18.9
94.1
24.5
56.4
38.7
35.9
34.8
60.1
45.3
43.0
35.0
72.3
221.1
96.6
59.7
96.9
64.7
123.1
116.0
76.4
70.5
26.0
44.1
54.2
120.7
21.2
26.0
17.0
44.1
26.2
3147.5
3062.7
2206.0
2403.1
1699.7
1246.2
2011.9
1561.6
1458.2
1562.0
535.1
926.0
918.1
1089.8
642.1
724.0
632.8
1006.0
578.7
cxrili 18
2005 wlis naleqis jamis mravalwliuri saSualodan (normidan)
gadaxra (%)
dakvirvebis
sadgurebi
foTi
baTumi
zugdidi
senaki
quTaisi
ambrolauri
cageri
Sovi
baxmaro
xulo
axalcixe
axalqalaqi
fasanauri
gori
Tbilisi kms
walka
bolnisi
Telavi
dedoflis wy.
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
wlis
69
63
60
70
69
58
36
41
68
92
52
35
123
23
49
66
45
42
49
143
108
54
65
51
47
72
87
49
63
109
171
144
115
62
174
232
104
117
299
179
307
209
225
340
411
276
190
238
197
86
247
232
215
58
83
88
129
174
100
126
155
142
299
216
263
91
143
140
148
227
60
151
158
132
118
96
134
86
153
221
149
93
126
99
87
174
145
105
128
149
132
135
137
143
102
162
148
222
210
213
104
173
100
92
87
84
178
146
135
125
168
137
100
67
182
76
64
75
14
57
75
101
48
59
53
66
169
134
72
71
40
48
15
256
153
228
262
199
197
318
214
142
210
120
247
138
45
357
211
186
252
113
154
116
43
84
39
79
99
57
76
67
94
122
195
98
89
192
189
233
143
463
211
202
294
269
211
230
230
180
324
173
185
219
261
162
142
64
153
177
102
96
150
86
93
75
99
51
11
63
66
161
121
68
87
172
116
96
103
52
87
71
43
69
79
114
121
52
57
87
245
246
257
59
118
94
142
114
189
121
137
144
123
127
163
136
91
133
105
142
172
117
129
143
124
131
99
25
cxrili 19
2005 wlis ganmavlobaSi momxdari sagangebo SemTxvevebi
usaxlss
TariRi
daiRupa daSavda karod
dasaxeleba
darCa
weli
Tve
1
2
3
4
2005
aprili
25-28
wyaldidoba
5
6
7
zarali
8
materialuri
zarali
(US$)
9
materialuri
zarali
larebSi
10
ss adgili
11
dazianda 239 sacx. saxli, 143
ha sasoflo-sameurneo nakveTi,
3 xidi, 5 km saavt. gza, 30 m
jebiri.
raWa-leCxum-qvemo
svaneTis regioni (onis,
ambrolauris, cageris,
lentexis r-nebi)
dazianda 150 sacx. saxli,
15 xidi, 200 m. saavt. gza
samegrelo-zemo
svaneTis regioni
(mestiis, martvilis,
walenjixis r-nebi)
imereTis regioni
(q. quTaisi, wyaltubos,
xonis, vanis r-nebi)
dazianda 44 sacx. saxli, 5 ha
sasoflo-sameurneo nakveTi, 2
xidi, 300 m. saavt. gza, 50 m.
jebiri.
ha sasoflo-sameurneo nakveTi.
Sida qarTlis regioni
(goris, qarelis,
xaSuris r-nebi)
ha sasoflo-sameurneo nakveTi.
100 m jebiri.
qvemo qarTlis regioni
(gardabnis r-ni)
ha sasoflo-sameurneo nakveTi,
2 xidi, 900 m saavt. gza, 3
xidi, 420 m jebiri.
dazianda 24 sacx. saxli, 4 ha
sasoflo-sameurneo nakveTi,
200 m saavt. gza, 7 xidi.
mcxeTa-mTianeTis
regioni (axalgoris,
yazbegis, TianeTis,
mcxeTis r-nebi)
samcxe-javaxeTis
regioni (borjomis,
adigenis, axalcixis
r-nebi)
2005
maisi
9
wyaldidoba
daitbora saavadmyofo da
wminda wylis dasaxleba
Sida-qarTlis regioni
(q. gori, goris r-ni)
2005
maisi
15
wyaldidoba
md. orxevis adidebis Sedegad
daitbora sof. arnanaSis sacx.
saxlebis pirveli sarTulebi
kaxeTis regioni
(Telavis r-ni)
2005
maisi
15
wyaldidoba
kaxeTis regioni
(axmetis r-ni)
2005
maisi
17
wyaldidoba
2005
ivnisi
13-19
2005
agvisto
5
wyaldidoba,
mewyeri,
erozia
wyaldidoba,
mewyeri,
erozia
daingra wylis jebirebi, 4
sofeli mowyda raionul
centrs, dazianda
wyalmomaragebis sistema,
daitbora sacx. saxlebi da
sakarmidamo nakveTebi
sof. moxeSi da kexovanSi
waRebulia xidebi, sof.
WeliaSi dazianebulia xidi,
sof. dercelSi erTi ojaxi
gadasaxlebulia, 14 saWiroebs
evakuirebas, dazianebulia
jebirebi. baTumi-axalcixis
saavt. gzis 50 m-iani monakveTi
damewyrilia
sof. WarTali da daba
fasanauri
2005
agvisto
11
wyaldidoba,
mewyeri
1
2
ojaxi
sof. qvemo mleTasa da
qveSeTSi dazaralda 4 ojaxi,
daingra 2 sacx. saxli,
dazianda samxedro gzis
monakveTi.
daitbora q. xobi, sof.
mojixevi da sof. qvemo
qvatiani
mewyeri Camowva sof. pirvel
maisSi da sof. maCxourSi.
27
samcxe-javaxeTis
regioni
(adigenis r-ni)
mcxeTa-mTianeTis
regioni
mcxeTa-mTianeTis
regioni
(duSeTis r-ni)
2005
agvisto
17
2005
oqtomberi
4-7
xanZari
wyaldidoba
1 ha tyis masivi
20
ojaxi
8 sof. aris moxvedrili
mewyrul zonaSi, 5 adamiani
daSavebulia, m.S. bavSvi (xelis
motesiloba, tvinis Seryeva).
20 ojaxi aris evakuirebuli
da ganTavsebulia naTesavebTan.
ganviTarebulia 500 m sigrZis
mewyeri. raionul centrs
mowyda soflebi: nabeRlavi,
xevi, Cxakaura, zoti,
ganazomleTi, didi vani, Sua
serebi, saWamiaseri. dazianda
vanzomoleTis xidi. sacx.
saxlebi daingra sof. did
vansa da sof. WaWieTSi.
CamoiSala sasaflaos
teritoria sof. bukiscixeSi,
daitbora daba Coxatauri. sof.
wifnagvaraSi mewyerma daangria
4 sacx. saxli. 1 adamiani
daiRupa.
daitbora da ganadgurda 150
ha-mde simindis yana. daingra
eleqtrogadamcemi xazebi. daba
Coxatauris wyalsadeni sistema
mTlianad gamovida mwyobridan.
md. sufsisa da mimdebare
Releebis adidebis Sedegad
daitbora centraluri saavt.
trasa da mimdebare
teritoriebi natanebis
midamoebSi. daitbora q.
lanCxuTi.
28
samcxe- javaxeTis
regioni
(borjomis r-ni)
guriis regioni
(Coxatauris,
lanCxuTis, ozurgeTis
r-ni)
mTlianad daitbora q.
ozurgeTi. mewyeri ganviTarda
Semdeg soflebSi: laiTuri,
Txinvali, konWkaTi, jumaTa,
ZimiTi, askana. dazianda
mdinareebis kalapoti da
sayrdeni kedlebi.
sof. anakliaSi Zlieri
Stormis Sedegad zRvis napiri
Semoiwia 5 m-iT da 2 koteji
daangria. saSiSroeba
emuqreboda danarCen
mosaxleobas da 62 ojaxi iqna
evakuirebuli (muSaobs adgil.
xelisufleba da
Zalovani struqturebi.)
daitbora mosaxleoba sof.
baSSi rionhesis wyalgadamgdebi
arxidan avariulad
movardnilma wyalma. sof.
vazisubnis teritoriaze md.
xeviswyalma daaziana
sasaflaosTan damakavSirebeli
xidi. sof gomSi md. SavRelem
daaziana sacx. saxli, daimewyra
sasoflo gzebi. raionul
centrs mowyda sof. ofeTi,
wiaRubani da nigorzRvis
nawili. sof. dafnaridan me-2
km-ze mewyerma 70 m-is sigrZeze
saavt. gza gamoiyvana
mwyobridan.
sof. cixesulorSi daitbora
ramdenime ojaxi. sof.
mTisZirSi daitbora 3 ojaxi.
sof. gadidSi dazianda md.
WiSuraze Semavali xidi. sof.
29
samegrelo-zemo
svaneTis regioni
(zugdidis r-ni)
imereTis regioni
(samtrediis, vanis,
baRdaTis r-nebi)
muqedSi minaSvilebis ubnis
gaswvriv Caingra
damakavSirebeli saavt. gza.
kavSiri gawyda ivaniaZeebisa da
msxilaZeebis ubnebTan.
sof. dimSi gaaqtiurda
mewyruli procesi, 3 ojaxi
saWiroebs evakuacias.
xelvaCaurisa da qedis
raionebSi mewyeri gaaqtiurda.
qedis raionSi Camowolilma
mewyerma mwyobridan gamoiyvana
saavtomobilo gza, ris
Sedegadac kavSiri gawyda 5
sofelTan. dazianda sacx.
saxlebi da sakarmidamo
nakveTebi.
2005
noemberi
12
miwisZvra
ngreva da msxverpli ar
yofila.
2005
dekemberi
16
miwisZvra
TbilisSi 2-3 bali, epicentrSi
5 bali, 3,7 magnituda, siRrme
5 km.
2005
dekemberi
23
zvavi
3
aWaris a.r.
(xelvaCauris da qedis
r-nebi)
q. Tbilisidan 50 km.
daSorebiT dmanisibolnisis sazRvarze.
dasaxlebuli
punqtebidan 10 km-s
moSorebiT.
dmanisidan samxreTiT
25 km-ze
yazbegi-larsis gzis
monakveTi
30
cxrili 20
1
2
1. sul(2+3+4+5+6+7+8+9)
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
7.1.
3
sasamarTloebSi gadacemul
saqmeebi
zaralis
Tanxa
larebSi
4
5
sul
ganxilulia
#
garemoze mavne
zemoqmedeba
SemTxvevaTa
raodenoba
garemosdacv kanonmdeblobis
darRvevis SemTxvevebi
garemos dacvisa da bunebrivi resursebis saministro
(regionaluri sammarTveloebi)
(2005 w. I naxevari)
jarimis
Tanxa
larebSi
12
13
samarTaldamcav
organoebSi gadacemuli
saqmeebi
saqmeTa raodenoba
gadacemuli
ganxiluli
16
17
540
91
1269031.3
464
276
249904.9
73
17
wylis resursebi
69
5
164770.5
65
46
74035.0
2
0
atmosferuli haeri
52
1
0.0
52
39
1486.0
0
0
miwis resursebi
31
1
31600.0
30
19
3343.5
1
0
wiaRi da wiaRiseuli
61
7
881397.0
45
29
2788.0
3
1
cxovelTa samyaro
20
1
796.0
19
11
140790.0
1
0
mcenareTa samyaro
115
75
177603.8
58
29
1627.4
57
12
87
55
162331.4
30
14
837.0
55
12
160
0
0.0
153
26300.0
8
4
32
1
12864.0
31
570.0
1
0
m. S. _ tyis resursebi
8.
garemosdacv. nebarTvis pirobebis
darRveva an unebarTvo saqmianoba
9.
garemosdacv. kanonmdeblobis sxva
moTxovnebi
31
75
28
cxrili 21
garemos dacvis inspeqciis mier administraciul samarTaldarRvevis faqtebis gamovlena (seqtemberi-dekemberi, 2005 w.)
ukanonod mopovebuli resursis
raodenoba
1
2
3
4
5
6
centraluri ofisi
aRmosavleT centraluri
regioni
qvemo qarTlis regioni
kaxeTis regioni
samcxe-javaxeTis regioni
dasavleT centraluri
regioni
inert. masala,
(kub.m.)
sxva wiaRiseuli
(kub.m.)
sxva bunebrivi
resursi
3
Tevzi (kg)
2
1
xe-tye (kub.m.)
administraciul
samarTaldarRveva
Ta r-ba
#
ganxilvis Sedegi
saxdelis
odeonoba
4
5
6
7
8
9
anazRaurebuli
zianis
Tanxa
saxelmwifo
sakuTrebaSi
miqceuli
bunebrivi
resursis
raodenoba
13
gadaxdili
sajarimo
Tanxa
garemoze
miyeneb.
zianis
odenoba
10
11
12
32
0.00
25.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
2064.50
1124.00
584.00
372.00
0.00
64
203.49
3.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
4745.00
1975.00
10053.58
2658.03
193.80
33
63.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
3260.00
1710.00
3140.50
1416.70
63.00
167
476.08
9.20
17.70
0.00
0.00
10442.60
3085.00
19095.57
3452.78
450.31
107
435.42
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
16515.00
3415.00
29265.27
2010.50
406.70
67
43.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
19325.00
5360.00
2518.25
0.00
43.00
7
samegrelo-zemo svaneTis
regioni
57
435.42
1.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
16515.00
3415.00
29265.27
2010.50
406.70
8
aWaris regioni
13
3.92
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
880.00
320.00
66.24
0.00
3.92
9
Savi zRva
21
93988.68
11920.51
1567.43
sul 2006 w.
561
16.00
1660.33
55.20
1080.00
17.70
32
0.00
0.00
74827.10
860.00
21264.00
cxrili 22
garemos dacvis inspeqciis mier sisxlis samarTlis danaSaulis niSnebis mqone faqtebis
gamovlena (seqtemberi-dekemberi, 2005 weli)
ukanonod mopovebuli resursis
garemoze
gamovlenili
raodenoba
garemos dacvis
miyeneb.
faqtebis
sxva
sxva
zianis
inspeqcia
xe-tye
raodenoba
bunebrivi
wiaRiseuli
odenoba
(kub.m.)
#
resursi
(kub.m.)
1
2
3
4
6
7
10
1
2
centraluri ofisi
(ix. danarTi 3)
dasavleT
saqarTvelos biuro
12
13668.6
100 naZvi
1690884.1
44
1451.1
390 naZvi
339457.6
1000 m 3
graniti
2
3
4
5
aRmosavleT
saqarTvelos biuro
samxreT
saqarTvelos biuro
Savi zRvis dacvis
konvenciuri
inspeqcia
garemos dacvis
inspeqcia, sul
3
222506.0
75.0
24973.8
6
132 naZvi
2
69
5940.0
11647.0
15194.7
33
1000 (kub.m.
graniti)
622 (Ziri
naZvi)
2295408.5
cxrili 23
garemos dacvis inspeqciis mier satyeo meurneobebSi tyis kanonmdeblobis
moTxovnaTa dacvis mdgomareobis Semowmebis Sedegebi (2005 weli)
#
satyeo meurneoba
1.
ambrolauris satyeo
meurneoba
2.
ukanonod
moWrili xetyis odenoba,
kub. m.
maT Soris,
samasale,
kub. m.
tyeze miyenebuli
ziani, lari
325.70
285.60
55896.40
onis satyeo meurneoba
86.90
58.60
7197.00
3.
saCxeris satyeo
meurneoba
88.80
60.60
22787.40
4.
borjomis satyeo
meurneoba
3282.70
2690.90
368640.30
5.
adigenis satyeo
meurneoba
2398.10
2205.90
263458.00
6.
TianeTis satyeo
meurneoba
3268.60
2602.20
565774.60
7.
Coxatauris satyeo
meurneoba
340.50
228.20
41004.30
8
bolnisis satyeo
meurneoba
9.
TeTriwyaros satyeo
meurneoba
10.
Telavis satyeo meurneoba
11.
12.
18.90
784.00
215.80
125.00
2752.60
2714.50
733.40
269759.00
baRdaTis satyeo
meurneoba
800.30
363.20
73509.80
kaspis satyeo meurneoba
127.80
89.80
19320.70
sul
13668.60
9443.40
1690884.10
aRniSnuli satyeo meurneobebis Sesaxeb masalebi gadaegzavna saqarTvelos generalur
prokuraturas.
34
cxrili 24
informacia 2005 wels garemoze zemoqmedebis gadasaxadidan da bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis
gadasaxadidan mobilizebuli Tanxebis Sesaxeb
bunebrivi resursebiT sargeblobis
gadasaxadi
sul
sxva araklasificirebuli
gadasaxadi bunebrivi
resuresbiT sargeblobisaTvis
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
121.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
892.4
147.3
165.0
0.0
1326.5
0.0
426.8
15700.5
342.0
327.4
19665.8
36462.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
194.0
4798.6
0.0
142,6
9556.7
14691.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
182.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
182.4
0.0
0.0
125015.6
388.0
0.0
2430.6
127834.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1125.2
0.0
12325.0
135860.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
2036.0
24101.6
0.0
2036.0
36426.6
136985.4
121,8
0.0
0.0
182.4
0.0
0.0
892.4
147.3
165.0
0.0
1508.9
0.0
1746.0
293699.9
730.0
470.0
57790.7
354436.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
116.4
45.6
36.1
198.1
0.0
0.0
145796.3
1626.4
0.0
126,4
147549.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
87.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
58.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
146.1
0.0
4.4
0.0
0.0
18806.6
60052.5
0.0
6.2
0.0
76.0
0.0
26883.4
18806.6
87022.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
562.6
0.0
236.7
799.3
35
sxva araklasificirebuli
gadasaxadi mavne nivTierebebiT
garemos dabinZurebisaTvis
6
gadasaxadi stacionaruli
wyaroebidan atmosferoSi mavne
nivTierebaTa gamofrqvevisaTvis
5
Txevad airze
4
mazuTze
3
dizelis sawvavze
2
bunebriv airze
gadasaxadi wylis resursebiT
sargeblobisaTvis
gadasaxadi tyis fondis
zezeuri xeebis merqnuli
resursebiT sargeblobisaTvis
gadasaxadi garemodan
amoRebuli mcenareuli
resursebiT sargeblobisaTvis
gadasaxadi cxovelTa samyaros
resursebiT (obieqtebiT)
sargeblobisaTvis
sxva araklasificirebuli gadasaxadi atmosferoSi gamofrqveul
wyalSi CaSvebul) mavne nivTierebebiT garemos dabinZurebisaTvis
gadasaxadi wylis obieqtebSi
mavne nivTierebaTa CaSvebisaTvis
bunebrivi resurebiT sargeblobis gadasaxadi
gadasaxadi wiaRiT
sargeblobisaTvis
1
afxazeTis
avtonomiuri
q.baTumi
sagadasaxado
qobuleTis
raionSi
xelvaCauris
raionSi
Suaxevis raionSi
xulos raionSi
qedis raionSi
baTumis
sagadasado
q.Telavis
sagadasaxado
axmetis raionSi
sagarejos raionSi
dedofliswyaros
raionSi
benzinze
administraciulteritoriuli
erTeulebi
garemos dabinZurebisaTvis navTze
garemoze zemoqmedebis gadasaxadi
garemoze zemoqmedebis gadasaxadi
sul
(larebSi)
1
siRnaRis raionSi
gurjaanis raionSi
lagodexis raionSi
yvarlis raionSi
Telavis
sagadasaxado
q. quTaisis
sagadasado
q. wyaltuboSi
baRdaTis raionSi
zestafonis raionSi
q. tyibulSi
Terjolis raionSi
xaragaulis raionSi
samtrediis raionSi
vanis raionSi
xonis raionSi
q.WiaTuraSi
saCxeris raionSi
ambrolauris
raionSi
onis raionSi
cageris raionSi
lentexis raionSi
quTaisis
sagadasaxado
q.foTis saolqo
sagadasaxado
q. zugdidSi
mestiis raionSi
walenjixis raionSi
2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
8
0.0
0.0
278.0
0.0
9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
10
0.0
0.0
0.0
468.5
11
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
12
0.0
0.0
278.0
468.5
13
0.0
0.0
9.7
0.0
14
419.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
15
0.0
3485.2
8081.3
3242.8
16
0.0
977.7
0.0
0.0
17
0.0
319.0
0.0
0.0
18
116.4
19.4
0.0
107.5
19
535.7
4801.4
8091.0
3350.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
365.6
116..4
572.6
36.1
1090.7
14.1
419.3
239464.7
3172.9
395.0
27489.8
270955.8
33.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
741.2
29.1
4033.3
1727.6
6564.3
58.2
0.0
6040.2
1048.7
0.0
0.0
7147.1
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
129.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
203.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
637.6
0.0
34.6
21.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
204.7
285.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
1167.9
0.0
29.1
0.0
60,2
0.0
58.2
0.0
211.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
117.2
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
21.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
666.7
`0.0
25.7
226.0
364.7
0.0
211.9
0.0
0.0
1371.6
246.7
0.0
19.4
29.1
0.0
9.7
0.0
9.7
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
135.8
0.0
0.0
0.0
6830.3
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
18924.6
645.1
53842.7
282.2
46.6
203390.8
11.6
14853.4
23142.0
40303.5
200496.6
2257.8
0.0
18203.7
7574.3
28587.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
9288.1
61053.1
2716.0
9578.2
2992.5
0.0
820.6
0.0
23.0
0.0
6855.9
0.0
0.0
349.2
0.0
700.9
0.0
0.0
1940.0
560.8
0.0
1801.0
0.0
14566.2
24383.4
10242.7
75769.0
7856.4
36294.1
205330.8
605.1
14853.4
31798.9
49591.6
276115.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
29708.4
140593.
0.0
5459.2
0.0
175760.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
87868.3
124231.4
76343.6
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
14.2
0.0
0.0
87882.4
124231.4
76343.6
33.0
129.5
0.0
203.7
0.0
0.0
1365.7
1686.8
4510.0
1748.9
9677.6
126.1
28445.4
19932.3
1204206.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
26.2
0.0
26.2
43438.8
0.0
26798.4
2144.0
895.3
61877.9
135154.4
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
4.9
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
207837.4
36911.4
35854.5
0.0
0.0
4918.9
1317.2
0.0
0.0
2045.6
0.0
2544.0
211205.1
36911.4
43317.4
36
36674.5 991015.6 128012.7

2005 wlis erovnuli moxseneba garemos mdgomareobis Sesaxeb

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