Activities Reports - INCT

ACTIVITY REPORT OF THE
NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF
RENEWABLE ENERGIES AND ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF THE
AMAZON
(INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE CIÊNCIA E TECNOLOGIA DE
ENERGIAS RENOVÁVEIS E EFICIÊNCIA ENERGÉTICA DA
AMAZÔNIA - INCT-EREEA)
Period from January 2009 to September 2010
Coordinator: Prof. Dr.-Ing. João Tavares Pinho (GEDAE/UFPA)
Vice-Coordinator: Prof. Dr. Roberto Zilles (LSF/IEE/USP)
Belém/PA, October 2010
1. MEMBER GROUPS AND TEAMS
INCT-EREEA started its activities at the end of 2008, counting with six research groups,
namely:
1. Grupo de Estudos e Desenvolvimento de Alternativas Energéticas (GEADE) of the
Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA) – head of the Institute (working with Hybrid
Systems);
2. Grupo de Energia, Biomassa e Meio Ambiente (EBMA), also of UFPA (working with
Biomass and Environment);
3. Grupo de Recursos Hídricos da Amazônia (GRHAMA), also of UFPA (working with
Hydropower);
4. Grupo de Tratamento de Minérios, Energia e Meio Ambiente (TEMA), also of UFPA
(campus Marabá) (working with Natural Resources and Environment);
5. Laboratório de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos (LSF), of the Universidade de São Paulo (USP)
(working with Photovoltaic Systems);
6. Grupo de Pesquisa Estratégica em Energia Solar (FOTOVOLTAICA), of the Universidade
Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC) (working with Photovoltaic Systems).
It also counted with the cooperation of the Instituto de Energía Solar of the Universidad
Politécnica de Madrid (IES/UPM) (working with Photovoltaic Systems).
Besides these research groups, there were also three companies of the electricity sector, one
public and two private, namely:
1. Centrais Elétricas do Norte do Brasil S.A. (ELETRONORTE) (Electricity Generation
Utility);
2. Centrais Elétricas do Pará S.A. (CELPA) (Electricity Distribution Utility);
3. Guascor do Brasil (GUASCOR) (Independent Electricity Producer).
Soon after the beginning of its activities, INCT-EREEA was joined by the Laboratório de
Energia Solar (LABSOL) of the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) (working with
Solar Photovoltaics and Thermal), and about six months ago the Grupo de Energias Alternativas
(GEnerAl) of the Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina (IFSC) (working with Solar Thermal Energy) also
joined INCT-EREEA.
With these two new acquisitions, INCT-EREEA pursues its goal of starting small and continuing
its growth according to the necessities and demands, always selecting its partners among those with
experience and interest in activities related to the Amazon.
Now INCT-EREEA counts with a total of eight research groups, and three companies, besides
the Spanish partner, as shown in figures 1 and 2.
Figure 1 – INCT-EREEA’s members and their location in Brazil.
Figure 2 – Other INCT-EREEA’s partners.
The Steering Committee of INCT-EREEA is now composed of the following members:
1. Prof. Dr.-Ing. João Tavares Pinho (GEDAE) – Coordinator;
2. Prof. Dr. Roberto Zilles (LSF) – Vice-coordinator;
3. Prof. MSc. Gonçalo Rendeiro (EBMA);
4. Prof. Dr. Cláudio José Cavalcante Blanco (GRHAMA);
5. Prof. Dr. Reginaldo Sabóia de Paiva (TEMA);
6. Prof. Dr. Ricardo Rüther (FOTOVOLTAICA);
7. Prof. Dr. Arno Krenzinger (LABSOL);
8. Prof. Dr. Samuel Luna de Abreu (GEnerAl).
The Main Research Topics of INCT-EREEA are: Solar Heating; Bioclimatic Architecture; Solar
and Wind Resource Assessment; Energy Efficiency and Power Quality; Energy Generation with
Renewable Sources; Hydrical Resource Management; Hydrologic and Hydrodinamic Modeling;
Mathematical Modelling of Components of Thermal and Photovoltaic Conversion; Biomass
Combustion and Gasification Processes; Cooling and Air Conditioning Systems; Photovoltaic
Systems; and Hybrid Systems for Electricity Generation.
Figures 3 to 10 show the INCT-EREEA’s plates in each of the member groups, including
headquarters and associated laboratories.
Figure 3 – GEDAE/UFPA; INCT-EREEA’s headquarters.
a) Laboratory for steam research.
b) Laboratory for biomass characterization and gasification.
c) Laboratory for motors research.
Figure 4 – EBMA/UFPA (three laboratories).
Figure 5 – GRHAMA/UFPA.
Figure 6 – TEMA/UFPA.
Figure 7 – LSF/IEE/USP.
Figure 8 – FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC (temporary facilities).
Figure 9 – LABSOL/UFRGS.
Figure 10 – GEnerAl/IFSC.
The teams of the groups have changed since the beginning of INCT-EREEA and the current
composition of the main researchers of each group is as shown below.
GEDAE: Prof. Dr.-Ing. João Tavares Pinho (coordinator); Prof. MSc. Edinaldo José da Silva
Pereira; Prof. Dr. Wilson Negrão Macedo; Prof. Dr. Marcos André Barros Galhardo; Arch. MSc.
Heliana Maria Ceballos Aguilar; Prof. MSc. Luis Carlos Macedo Blasques.
EBMA: Prof. MSc. Gonçalo Rendeiro (coordinator); Prof. Dr. Manoel Fernandes Martins
Nogueira; Prof. Dr. Danielle Regina da Silva Guerra; Prof. Dr. Erb Ferreira Lins; Prof. Dr. Emmanuel
Negrão Macêdo.
GRHAMA: Prof. Dr. Cláudio José Cavalcante Blanco (Coordinator); Prof. MSc. Jerson Rogério
Pinheiro Vaz.
TEMA: Prof. Dr. Reginaldo Sabóia de Paiva (Coordinator); Prof. Dr. Sílvio Bispo do Vale;
Prof. Dr. Raul Nunes de Carvalho Júnior.
LSF: Prof. Dr. Roberto Zilles (coordinator); Dra. Maria Cristina Fedrizzi; Eng. MSc. André
Ricardo Mocelin; Eng. MSc. Teddy Arturo Melendez; MSc. Antonio Manuel de Moraes; MSc. Tina
Bimestre Selles Ribeiro.
FOTOVOLTAICA: Prof. Dr. Ricardo Rüther; Dr. Priscila Braun; Dr. Isabel Tourinho
Salamoni.
LABSOL: Prof. Dr. Arno Krenzinger (coordinator); MSc. César W.M. Prieb; Eng. Ricardo
Augusto Pufal; MSc. Alexandre J. Buhler; MSc. Giuliano A. Rampinelli; MSc. Rafael Haag; MSc.
Fabiano Perin Gasparin; Eng. Fábio N. da Rosa; Eng. Tiago F. Manea.
GEnerAl: Prof. Dr. Samuel Luna de Abreu (coordinator); Prof. Dr. Sérgio Pereira da Rocha;
Prof. Dr. Joaquim Manuel Gonçalves; Dr. Clóvis Antônio Petry; Jesué Graciliano da Silva – MSc.;
Eng. George Henry Wojcikiewicz.
Some of the researchers and many students who are presently active in INCT-EREEA receive
scholarships from CNPq and CAPES, according to tables 1 and 2.
Table 1 – CNPq Scholarships.
TYPE QUANTITY
DTI-1
2
DTI-3
5
ITI-A
18
ITI-B
12
Table 2 – CAPES Scholarships.
TYPE QUANTITY
Master
5
Doctor
1
The information for contact with INCT-EREEA is as follows:
Homepages: http://www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea
http://www.ufpa.br/gedae
Address: P.O.Box 8605 - Ag. Núcleo Universitário
ZIP: 66.075-970
Belém-Pará-Brazil
Tel/Fax: (55-91) 3201-7299 / 3201-7977
E-mail: [email protected]
2. STATUS OF THE BUILDING PROJECTS OF INCT-EEREA
INCT-EREEA proposed four Building Projects as central activities for its beginning; the first
two focused in renewable energy sources and energy efficiency diffusion and capacity building for
primary and secondary schools, and the other two dealing with scientific and technological
development to cope with the energy needs of isolated communities in the Amazon.
After a little more than one and a half year of work, many difficulties were encountered,
including the delays in the financial resources transfer from the financing agencies, but the projects
went on and have already shown some good results, as is seen below and also later in other sections of
this report.
2.1. PROJECT 1 – CREATION OF A WEBPAGE FOR DISSEMINATION OF
INFORMATION RELATED TO RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES AND ENERGY
EFFICIENCY
Concerning this project, the webpage was created and can be seen at www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea.
This is only a start, since much more information is yet to be fed to the page.
2.2. PROJECT 2 – DEVELOPMENT OF EDUCATIONAL AND DISSEMINATION
MATERIAL FOR SECONDARY AND PRIMARY SCHOOLS
In this project many activities were developed, such as the preparation of five educational kits
for teaching students on renewable energy sources, editing of booklets with te same purpose, and
realization of seminars for secondary school and technical school students.
The educational kits were developed with the partnership of ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE
and have been used intensively in seminars, training courses, and science fairs. For each kit an
instructions booklet has been prepared. The developed kits are:
1. Apparent Movement of the Sun;
2. Photovoltaic Generation;
3. Photovoltaic Pumping;
4. Wind Energy;
5. Small Hydroelectric Plant.
Figure 11 shows four of the kits developed. These are only prototypes and INCT-EREEA and
ELETRONORTE are now searching for partners to build the kits for distribution in primary and
secondary schools.
Figure 11 – Some educational kits developed.
Six other kits are being developed for construction next year and are:
1. Solar Oven;
2. Solar Heating;
3. Steam Generator;
4. Electrical Machines;
5. Efficient Lighting;
6. Efficient House.
All kits take into consideration the following: Attractivity, Interactivity, Functionality, Easy
maintainance, Aesthetics, Durability, Safety, Ergonomy, Easy spare parts reposition, Costs, and
Accessible language for the general public.
Figure 12 shows pictures of one of the seminars for secondary school students. Many of the
secondary school students who receive scholarships from INCT-EREEA have been recruited during
these seminars.
Figure 12 – Pictures of one of the seminars for secondary school students.
2.3. PROJECT 3 – CHARACTERIZATION OF ENERGY NEEDS AND POTENTIALS OF
MARAJO ISLAND, STATE OF PARÁ
Project 3 is one which demands a lot of effort from the member groups. One of the positive
results of this project was the establishment of technical cooperation with the National Institute of
Science and Technology of Climatic Changes, through the work done by the group FOTOVOLTAICA
in cooperation with the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais (INPE), member group of the other
INCT, to develop the Solar Resource Atlas for the island of Marajó, which presented its first results,
and is expanding them to the state of Pará. Figure 14 shows the front page of the Atlas and more
results are presented later in another section of this report.
Figure 14 – Front page of the Solar Resource Atlas for the island of Marajó.
Besides this work, a secondary data survey at public and private institutions located in Belém has
been made to qualify and quantify the availability of energy sources and energy demand in the island.
Among these institutions are the Secretaria Estadual de Meio Ambiente (SEMA) and the Instituto
Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis (IBAMA). Unfortunately, these
institutions do not have much information concerning the data needed.
Local institutions at all municipalities in the island are been visited in an attempt to get more and
better information on the subject. A field survey is also been made to get primary information in loco.
The methodology adopted for the field survey is the use of a boat travelling throughout the island
with a research team applying standard forms to the local people, containing questions about social,
economical and energy topics. This activity started in August this year. Figure 15 shows part of the
team crossing a bridge between the communities of Tartarugueiro and Vila Santana, both belonging to
the municipality of Ponta de Pedras.
Figure 15 – Crossing a bridge between the communities of Tartarugueiroand Vila Santana.
The teams use maps prepared especially for this purpose. The preparation of a panoramic map
and those by municipality, as shown in figures 16 and 17, was made with the aid of the software
ArcGIS 9.3.
.
Figure 16 – Map of the island of Marajó and workstation at UFPA.
Figure 17 – Individual maps of the municipalities of theisland Marajó developed for the field surey.
Following the forms, the researchers are collecting data about: existent biomass potential
(qualification and quantification); existent hydraulic energy potential of the small rivers near the
isolated communities; the present and future energy demand in each community; and social and
economic data of the river communities of the island.
The filled forms are used to feed a data bank in MS Access, as shown in figures 18 and 19, to be
later analyzed.
Figure 18 – Virtual form in MS Access.
Figura 19 – Data bank in MS Access used in the analisis.
Presently the teams have already visited four municipalities, namely Soure, Salvaterra,
Cachoeira do Arari, and Ponta de Pedras. This survey will continue until the middle of next year.
2.4. PROJECT 4 – FLOATING HYBRID SYSTEM FOR ELECTRICITY GENERATION
USING PV SOLAR ENERGY, HYDROKINETIC AND VEGETABLE OILS, COUPLED
WITH LOCAL PRODUCTION ARRANGEMENTS
The activities developed in this project until now are related to the construction of the ferry to
house the hybrid generation system and the small vegetable oil and ice production units, and the
acquisition of equipment.
The ferry was designed for a total length of 15 m, molded breadth of 10 m and molded depth of
1.1 m, and built with carbonsteel sheets ASTM A-36 (naval steel), with several thicknesses.
On the shelter deck, the following equipment will be installed:
Ice production unit;
Vegetable oil production unit;
Generator set;
Hydrokinetic turbine;
Photovoltaic modules;
Control and Monitoring Center (CCM).
The ice production unit will have an estimated daily production of 10 tonnen of flake ice. This
unit includes a water collection, storage and treatment, which uses the water directly from the river to
produce the ice, a silo to store the ice production, fabricated with isothermal panels, with width of 100
mm, for the walls, floor, and ceiling. This silo will also have a door of isothermal material of the same
width. The internal dimensions of the silo are 2.78 x 5.30 x 2.78 m (height. x width x length) totalizing
an internal volume of 40 cubic meters, providing a storage capacity of up to 20 ton of flake ice. The
cooling fluid used is anhydrous ammonia (NH3). The unit is composed of the following equipment,
which has already been bought: a Sabroe compressor, model CMO-16; a Coldbrás recipient for liquids
in carbon steel, with capacity for 500 kg; a Coldbrás evaporative condenser, model 140ST; a Coldbrás
ice producer, model Ggcol-2015.
For the vegetable oil production unit, an extraction process by pressing was chosen, where the
fruit/seed pulp is inicially fed into a heater until it reaches the required humidity of 8%, and from there
it goes through a cooking process (to soften its fibers). With the cooked pulp, the oil extraction is made
by pressing. After that, the oil goes through processes of decantation, filtering, and storage. The
estimated production of this unit is 100 kg/h of pulp, depending on the kind of fruit/seed, and the
preferably used seeds will be Andiroba (Carapa guianensis); Jupati (Raphia taedigera), and Muru-muru
(Astrocaryum murumuru). The vegetable oil production unit is composed of the following equipment,
which is already available for mounting: an ECIRTEC 7.5 cv continuous press, model MPE-100 AC;
an ECIRTEC vertical cooker, model CVE-102; an ECIRTEC press filter, model FPE-25/10; a tubular
boiler with maximal steam production of 150 kg/h at a pressure of 8 kgf/cm2, which will be fed
exclusively by the biomass residues of the process.
The generator set is also already available and operates with a Cummings motor, model 4BT3.9G4, 1,800 rpm, with direct fuel injection, velocity regulator, liquid cooling, pre-heating system, fan,
and centrifuge pump, and a Cummings 4 pole, 56 kVA, 3 fase, 60 Hz, 220/127 V, cosφ = 0.8, electrical
generator, model C50D6-4. It will be mounted horizontally “single bearing”, with class H isolation,
according to NEMA MG1-1.65. The protection and control panel, Cummings model PCC 1.1, is
microprocessed and provides the necessary interface with the operator and the rest of the system. This
generator set will be equipped with a kit developed at EBMA and composed of a heating tank,
directional valves, coils, and CLP, which allows for the use of vegetable oil in natura.
The hydrokinectics turbine, which was developed by GRHAMA and GEDAE and is presently
being constructed, will be installed at the ferry according to the picture shown in figure 20.
The roof of the ferry was designed to receive the photovoltaic modules, specified by GEDAE
and LSF, which have already been bought.
On the ferry deck there will be a room made of carbonsteel plates ASTM A-36, with dimensions
2.5 x 3 x 2 m (height x width x length), to house all the commands and controls and measurement
systems. Besisdes this room there will be a shelter for the battery bank.
Figures 20 to 24 show the isometric views of the ferry, the ferry ready to go into the water and
the equipment to be mounted on it..
Figure 20 – Isometric views of the ferry with and without roof.
Figure 21- Photos of the ferry’s name and its deck.
Figura 22 – Equipment of the oil production unit.
Figure 23 – Equipment of the ice production unit.
Figure 24 – Generator set CUMMINS /C50D6-4.
3. SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL RESULTS OBTAINED AND THEIR IMPACTS
ON THE DIFFUSION, IMPROVEMENT, AND CONSOLIDATION OF THE NATIONAL
TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC COMPETENCE
3.1. RESEARCH
GEDAE/UFPA and EBMA/UFPA developed, together with CELPA, the project “Comunidades
Isoladas”, considering the design, specification, installation and monitoring of electricity generation
systems to supply isolated minigrids and individual consumers, making use of biomass and solar
resources available at the small community of Santo Antônio in the municipality of Breves at the
island of Marajó, state of Pará, in order to test the technologies in the field and study management
models for those kind of systems. The community of Santo Antônio is located at the geographic
coordinates of 00o55’18”S and 50o49’25”W, at a distance of approximately 92 km from Breves, and
counts with 41 families (figure 25).
Figure 25 – Location and general view of the community of Santo Antônio.
The systems for individual supply are based on the solar photovoltaic (PV) technology and were
dimensioned to comply with the regulation ANEEL No 83/2004, which establishes the procedures for
this type of supply, called “Sistemas Individuais de Geração de Energia Elétrica com Fontes
Intermitentes – SIGFI”. Six systems of type SIGFI-13 were installed in the community. One of the
objectives of these installations is to test equipment of different manufacturers, in order to verify their
performance under adverse conditions. There was also a variation of the installation type, with two
different materials for the equipment shelterboxes, namely Wood and glass fiber. Before the
installation all systems and their equipment were tested in the laboratory. The processes of battery
charge and discharge were monitored, as well as the charge controllers and inverter parameters.
The generation system for the minigrid is based on direct biomass burning, using the residues
from the sawmill existent in the community. It has an installed capacity of 50 kW. Figures 26 and 27
present pictures of the biomass thermal plant feeding the minigrid and the individual systems. Since
the systems are operating now for a very short time (about a month), there is not much operational data
to be presented yet.
Figura 26 – Generation system using residues from the sawmill.
Figura 27 – Individual systems of the type SIGFI13.
Research on the operational performance of PV systems connected to the grid in Pará were
iniciated in 2007 at GEDAE/UFPA with the support from Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento
Científico e Tecnológico (CNPQ), and having LSF/USP as partner. This research was going on very
slowly due to the difficulty of getting more financial resources for more detailed studies. With the
creation of INCT-EREEA, it was possible to develop software and hardware to allow for better
research conditions in this área. Some of the results obtained with this research are commented below.
Improvement and construction of a capacitive load to measure PV generators with short-circuit
currents of up to 20 A and voltages of up to 500 V (figure 28), and development of a graphical
interface for data acquisition.
Figura 28 – Capacitive load (20 A, 500 V).
This load has been used to characterize PV generators, allowing the determination, for example,
of their real power and efficiency. This characterization also needs other instruments, such as a
reference cell, a standard module, a DC osciloscope, and a temperature sensor. The standard module
used was calibrated at the solar simulator of LSF/USP.
To facilitate the measurement process, a LabVIEW software to measure and present the I x V
curve of the generator for the standard test conditions (STC), taking into account also the data of
irradiance in the generator plane and the cell temperature. The values of Voc, Isc, Vmp, Imp e Pmp are also
presented by the program Figure 29 shows the graphical interface with one test result.
Figure 29 – Graphical interface showing the measured I x V curve.
To validade both the capacitive load and the software developed, tests were performed with the
grid-connected PV generetor of GEDAE (Pmp = 1.575 kWp, Voc = 455.7 V). Figures 30 and 31 show
the equipment used in the tests and the obtained results, respectively.
Figure 30 – Equipment used to characterize the PV generator.
Figure 31 – Measured I x V curve and its extrapolation for the STC.
Also software and hardware for a test setup to obtain the electrical parameters and climatic data
(temperature and irradiance) related to PV systems were developed. The test setup is shown in figure
32 and the data acquisition is made in real-time.
Figure 32 – Test setup for the real-time data acquisition.
Figures 33 and 34 show a view of the system and the data acquisition at GEDAE.
Figure 33 – View of the first grid-connected PV system in the Amazon.
Figura 34 – Data acquisition system.
Another software developed at GEDAE monitors the energy, water, and comfort of a building,
including the climatical and electrical parameters, the energy quality and consumption, both of
electricity and water. The program is composed of several modules, each one being developed to
monitor some specific characteristic of the building and deliver the results of the building conditions
related to energy and water consumption and comfort. Figure 35 presents one interface of this
program.
Figure 35 – Interface of the program, showing the grid connected PV system monitoring.
Another research line developed was the design, construction and tests of charge controllers for
isolated systems. Two control strategies were used, namely on/off and PWM, both with specification
for 12 V / 20 A. Two isolated PV systems were mounted, each with 2 x 80 Wp modules, as shown in
figure 36. The systems are monitored by a software which was developed for the purpose and is shown
in figure 37.
Figure 36 – PV systems to test the controllers.
Figure 37 – Interface of the software for data acquisition for the system with the on/off controller.
Among the impacts caused by the results of INCT-EREEA, the approval of grants for new
projects, such as:
1 – EDICT 05/2009 – “Programa de Apoio ao Doutor Recém-Contratado (PADRC)” funded by
CAPES and FAPESPA, project “Performance Evaluation of PV Systems Connected to the low voltage
grid under the climatic conditions of Belém”, which consists of the expansion of GEDAE’s 1.575 kWp
PV system and the study its performance. Figure 38 shows a virtual mockup of the building, including
the existent and the new system to be installed.
Figure 38 – SFCR installed at GEDAE: present and future expansion.
2 – Edict MCT/CNPq/CT-Energ 04/2010 – Line 1, project “Small Scale Power System to Supply
Isolated Localities in the Amazon”, which involves the participation of EBMA and GEDAE. The
objective of the project is to develop a compact system for electricity generation, using a small boiler
and a steam turbine of 1 kW as part of a hybrid system with PV as complement. Figure 39 presents a
diagram of the proposed system.
Figure 39 – Simplified diagram of the hybrid system.
3 – Edict CT-ENERG/MCT/CNPQ Nº 050/2008, “Expansion of laboratory infrastructure in
technology of rational use of energy in the contexto f the Energy Efficiency Law”.
4 – Edict REDE DE EFICIÊNCIA ENERGÉTICA EM EDIFICAÇÕES/ELETROBRÁS/
FUNPEC Nº 01/2010.
GRHAMA, working together with GEDAE, obtained the first results about the research on
hydrokinetic rotors adapted to the flow conditions of the Amazonic small rivers, which resulted in two
publications in national congresses, as shown in section 6 of this report.
TEMA developed three research lines about renewable energy, which were: the survey of
energetic potential of biomass residues; biomass gasification for distributed generation of electricity;
and the development of a software for the design and optimization of small wind turbine blades
adapted for low wind conditions.
LSF/IEE/USP, after its participation in INCT-EREEA, comparatively to the previous biennium,
had its scientific production in idexed journals increased by 33%.
At FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC, research activities profited considerably from being part of the
INCT-EREEA in 2009-2010, which allowed not only to attract more researchers to the team, but also
to attract additional research funds from a number of sources, which are being incorporated to INCTEREEA. Three new research projects, two of them granted by the Brazilian Research Council – CNPq
and entitled “Energia Solar Fotovoltaica Aplicada a Sistemas de Bombeamento e Desinfecção
Ultravioleta de Água“ (with funding of R$ 199.936,72), and “Barco Solar: Embarcação Elétrica
Alimentada por Energia Solar Fotovoltaica (with funding of R$ 92.750,00); and the third just recently
approved and funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology – MCT, entitled “Energia solar
fotovoltaica aplicada ao transporte e a atividades produtivas na Amazônia” (with funding of R$
580.000,00) are currently being carried out in the context of INCT-EREEA at
FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC, and will be transfered to GEDAE/UFPA shortly. These research projects
have also led to a number of publications, as well as to the training of a number of researchers
(undergraduate, M.Sc. and Ph.D. students), as described below.
The research and technology transfer activities planned for the period 2009-2010 included the
preparation of a solar irradiation atlas for the Ilha do Marajó region, and studies on Direct Normal
Irradiation – DNI levels from satellite-derived data supplied by the Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas
Espaciais – INPE, in the context of the collaboration between INCT-EREEA and the “Instituto
Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia para Mudanças Climáticas”, INCT-MC hosted by INPE. Sample
maps of this atlas are presented at section 4.
The impacts resulting from research activities being carried out by INCT-EREEA’s
FOTOVOLTAICA team are translated in a number of ways including:
National and international recognition as a R&D centre of excellence in solar energy;
Dissemination of solar energy technologies and applications in Brazil;
Increase in the critical mass of people involved in solar energy research in Brazil;
Increase in the ability to attract research funds for solar energy development in Brazil;
Development of solar photovoltaic technology applications (e.g. solar-powered boats, solarpowered water disinfection systems), and training of human resources on the replication of these
technologies in the field.
At LABSOL/UFRGS, five research lines on solar thermal and PV energy are under way:
Characterization of PV modules of different technologies (monocristalyne, multicristalyne, and
amorfous silicon, CIS, and HIT), in cooperation with CIEMAT (Spain). A theoretical study about
methods to transfer I x V curves from one condition to other.
Analisis of the spectral contento f solar radiation in Brazil and its effect on PV devices. Methods
to use satellite data to evaluate the availability of spectral quality of soalr radiation in different regions
of Brazil were defined, and the background effects in the measurement of solar radiation with thermal
pyranometers were evaluated. Means of determining the atmospheric parameters from surface
measurements were studied in order to reconstruct the incident solar spectrum. Different methods were
compared and the employed methods were validated. The radiometers mounted at LABSOL, as part of
INCT-EREEA’s work, presented adequate results when compared to satellite data and showed their
capacity to determine the spectral content of the incident solar radiation. A parameter to represent the
effectiveness of different technologies of PV modules for spectra of different places in Brazil, includig
the island of Marajó was determined.
Operational analisis of inverters for grid-connection.. Several tests with different inverters were
conducted in Porto Alegre and at CIEMAT. The inverters were fed with combinations of PV module
arrays for different DC operation voltages and powers. The parameters measured were harmonic
distortion, power factor, efficiency, thermal capacity, temperature effects, all as a function of power
and voltage. Models to predict results for certain atmospherical conditions and load factor were
developed and tested.
Tests with PV arrays and measurement of maximum power point tracker. A circuito to plot the I
x V curves of PV arrays using a capacitor bank was developed.. The systematic tests will be conducted
next year. Also, the effect of the sweep velocity on the quality of the I x V curve will be studied. This
research is important since many measurements are made with flash simulators (such as the one
operating at LSF/USP and being acquired by LABSOL), and it can provide a way of correcting the
measurement data.
The related topics are at the research frontier, some of them being unprecedent in Brazil and
others internationally. The results have been used to improve the knowledge of the scientific
community and have produced mathematical models which have progressively been implemented in
simulation software. Those softwares reproduce, with high fidelity, the true behavior os solar energy
installations, bringing results taht can be faster and easier analyzed than experimental results which
take many years to be obtained, and would only represent some examples of possible configurations of
each system.
At GEnerAl, the following project is under development: Solar assisted mini heat pump for
domestic water heating – All components of this mini heat pump were coupled in the same numerical
model and performance results were obtained by simulation. The model provides good results and it is
possible to carry a sensitivity analysis of the performance related to the main design parameters
allowing a better component matching for the field prototype. The evaporator of the heat pump can be
connected to a solar thermal collector that can be thermally connected to a PV panel that supplies
electricity to the compressor. The performance of the mini heat pump can be compared to other
configurations like conventional solar hot water systems.
3.2. CAPACITY BUILDING
Two Secondary School Students have concluded their high school studies as members of INCTEREEA: Roanyta Nazareth Bittencourt and Maciel Corrêa da Silva Macedo. Both developed their
activities at GEDAE/UFPA.
Staff training was carried out by GEDAE and EBMA for the project "Comunidades Isoladas”.
Five students concluded their graduation in Electrical Engineering, with the following Final
Works:
- Fillipe Matos de Vasconcelos and Gilberto Figueiredo Pinto Filho. “Metodologia para Projeto e
Análise de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Conectados à Rede Elétrica de Baixa Tensão e Avaliação de
Desempenho de um Sistema de 1,575 kWp”. 2010. Federal University of Pará. Supervisors: Wilson
Negrão Macêdo and Marcos André Barros Galhardo.
- Alex Renan Arrifano Manito. “Sistema de Monitoramento Energético de uma Edificação
Eficiente”. 2009. Federal University of Pará. Supervisors: Marcos André Barros Galhardo and João
Tavares Pinho.
- Aimé Fleury de Carvalho Pinto Neto and Marcelo Pinho Almeida. “Desenvolvimento de
Controladores de Carga ON/OFF e PWM para Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Autônomos”. 2009. Federal
University of Pará. Supervisors: Wilson Negrão Macêdo and João Tavares Pinho.
In the area of energy efficiency, two researchers of GEDAE/UFPA (Marcos Galhardo and
Heliana Aguilar) were approved with good performance in the first course for the implementation of
the “Regulamento Técnico da Qualidade do Nível de Eficiência Energética de Edifícios Comerciais, de
Serviços e Públicos (RTQ-C/Inmetro)” (“Technical Regulation on Energy Efficiency Quality Level of
Commercial, Public and Service Buildings”), sponsored by Elebrobras in May 2009.
Under the agreement between ELETRONORTE-ELETROBRAS and GEDAE/UFPA, within the
project “Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Laboratory”, in which one of the counterparts aims
the human resources’ training in the areas of renewable energy and energy efficiency, the course
"Power Quality" was offered to ELETRONORTE-ELETROBRAS employees. The course was
conducted from March 09 to 13, 2009 with a total of 40 hours in the “Universidade Corporativa
Eletronorte UCEL”, Brasilia-DF. The course’s overall objective was to provide participants with basic
knowledge on power quality in electrical systems and its importance, to large and small power plants,
grid-connected or stand-alone. In 2008, within the same agreement, GEDAE/UFPA also offered six
other courses, namely: “Introduction to Renewable Energies”, “Solar Photovoltaic Energy”, “Wind
Energy”, “Hybrid Systems for Electricity Generation”, “Energy Efficiency” and “Bioclimatic
Architecture”.
The direct consequences of the mentioned projects for human resource training by
GEDAE/UFPA are reflected in the number of scholarships, which together constitute:
12 scholarships for secondary school students;
18 scholarships for undergraduate students;
5 scholarships for master students;
1 scholarship for a doctor student.
At GRHAMA, the graduated student, scolarship holder (DTI-3), Déborah Aline Tavares Dias do
Rio Vaz has her Master’s Thesis presentation on Mechanical Engineering (ITEC/UFPA) scheduled for
January 2011. The undergraduate student, scolarship holder (ITI-A), Loreda Favacho will complete
her research works until December 2010. Such research work is part of her final graduation work on
Sanitary and Environmental Engineering.
At TEMA, two ITI/CNPQ and three PIBIC/UFPA scholarships were available for the
gasification project. INCT-EREEA currently offers two undergraduate (ITI/CNPq) and one graduate
(DTI-3) scholarships that support the group activities.
After the insertion on INCT EREEA, LSF-IEE/USP expanded its research staff with the
inclusion of Master and Doctor students. In the 2009/2010 biennium two Doctor students, and five
Master students joined the group. Three Master’s Thesis have been concluded.
Human resources training was carried out successfully in the 2009-2010 period at
FOTOVOLTAICA with five M.Sc. and four Ph.D. students completing their degrees, all of which are
either following up their M.Sc. with a Ph.D. program, or are post-docs in the laboratory. In this context
it should be emphasized that INCT-EREEA’s scholarships are assisting in avoiding the brain-drain
situation that was in place until recently, when students completing their degrees could not carry on
their career in this area because there were no financial means to support them.
Education and training being an important component of INCT-EREEA’s activities at
FOTOVOLTAICA, resulted in the preparation of a number of educational brochures, samples of
which are presented at section 4.
INCT-EREEA’s solar energy R&D activities and results have assisted in disseminating the
potential of these technologies in a number of different applications in Brazil, attracting young
researchers to this field and assisting in the consolidation of research teams throughout the country.
The network of university-based research groups involved with INCT-EREEA spans from the extreme
North to extreme South of Brazil, with students having the opportunity of exchanging experiences and
collaborating in joint projects in the context of INCT-EREEA. An example of this interaction was the
recent gathering of many of the INCT-EREEA’s participants, including undergraduate, M.Sc. and
Ph.D. students, as well as post-docs in Belem-PA during the III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar.
LABSOL is part of the Post-Graduate Program in Mechanical Engineering at UFRGS, which
just increased its CAPES concept from 5 to 6, and has a concentration area in energy. Five Doctor
students and three Master students are developing their activities within the group. The research topics
of doctoral thesis have been described in the previous sub-item. Undergraduate students also benefit
from this process. Current doctoral students, after the conclusion of their works, may act as future
supervisors, spreading the knowledge in the area.
3.3. KNOWLEDGE AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
Under the agreement between ELETRONORTE-ELETROBRAS and GEDAE/UFPA, within the
project “Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Laboratory”, a second counterpart aims to develop
educational kits, as mentioned in sub-item 2.2, that will be improved to be used for knowledge
dissemination in the INCT-EREEA’s Building Project number 2.
Preparation of the basic Project for the implantation of a Renewable Energies and Energy
Efficiency Park, to be constructed as part of the Technology Park of ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE
in the area of the Hydroelectric Power Plant of Tucuruí. Figures 40 e 41 show the physical and
electronic mockups of the park.
Figure 40 – Physical mockup of the Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency Park.
Figure 41 – Electronic mockup of the Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency Park.
Preparation of the executive project for the implantation of an Efficient House, to be constructed
as part of the Technology Park of ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE in the area of the Hydroelectric
Power Plant of Tucuruí. Figure 42 shows the electronic mockup of the efficient house.
Figure 42 – Electronic mockup of the Efficient House.
Many actions were carried out aiming at the discussion, promotion, and dissemination of
knowledge in the area of renewable energies and energy efficiency, among which can be mentioned:
1. Workshop on Photovoltaic Systems for Grid-connection and Isolated Minigrids
INCT-EREEA, through its member groups, LSF/IEE/USP and GEDAE/UFPA, in cooperation
with the Programa Ciencia y Tecnologia para el Desarrollo (CYTED), the Associação Brasileira de
Energia Solar, the Brazilian Section of the International Solar Energy Society and ELETRONORTEELETROBRAS, held the “Workshop on Photovoltaic Systems for Grid-connection and Isolated
Minigrids” on February 10th-11th, 2010 in the auditorium of ELETRONORTE, Miramar, Belem, Pará.
The event was attended by 117 participants, about 50 from outside the state of Pará, and was
divided into two workshops. The first, held on February 10th, discussed the theme “The Electricity
Services Disconnected from the Distribution System: Individual Systems and Minigrids”, aiming to
present the experiences and to discuss lessons learned with the use of intermittent sources individual
systems and decentralized generation systems with renewable energy and minigrids. The second
workshop, held on February 11th, dealt with the topic “Distributed Generation with Grid-Connected
Photovoltaic Systems”, and aimed to present the Brazilian experience with grid-connected
photovoltaic systems.
During the event’s breaks one Grid-Connected Photovoltaic System (SFCR), two Stand-Alone
Photovoltaic Systems (SIGFI type), and educational kits on solar energy for primary and secondary
school students were demonstrated. These demonstrations were conducted by graduate and
undergraduate students of GEDAE/UFPA and LSF/IEE/USP. Figure 43 shows the demonstration of
the stand-alone PV systems.
Figure 43 – Demonstration of the stand-alone PV systems.
2. Development and implementation of electricity generation systems with renewable energy
sources.
Within this scope, GEDAE and EBMA interact with CELPA, carrying out research and
development projects for the implementation of electricity generation alternative systems, and also
developing management models applied to those systems. The project “Implantação de Sistemas de
Geração de Energia para Atendimento a Comunidades Isoladas da Região Norte” (“Implementation of
Electricity Generation Systems at Isolated Communities in the Northern Region”) can be highlighted,
where, during 2009 and 2010, it was possible to:
Design and install stand-alone systems for electricity generation (SIGFI) for riverside consumers
of Santo Antônio Community (Breves/PA).
Design and install a steam thermoelectric plant for electricity generation from biomass burning,
attending nearly 44 consumer units (households, public lighting and a broomstick factory) through
minigrid electricity distribution at Santo Antônio Community (Breves/PA).
Design and install a biomass gasification system for electricity generation at the field tests area
of GEDAE’s laboratory.
3. Knowledge transfer through training for specification, installation and operation of standalone photovoltaic systems.
A training course entitled “Stand-Alone Photovoltaic Systems” was given for CELPA’s
technicians on June 16th and 17th, 2010. All activities were developed in the Renewable Energy and
Energy Efficiency Laboratory of GEDAE/UFPA. The training consisted of a theoretical (figure 44)
and a practical part (figure 45), in a total period of 12 hours. In the practical part a SIGFI13 PV system
was installed at GEDAE, in order to provide the participants with a better understanding of the
operation of photovoltaic systems.
Figure 44 – Theoretical part.
Figure 45 – Practical part.
The educational kits have also been used for the knowledge transfer in the area of renewable
energies and energy efficiency. Figure 46 illustrates the applicability of those tools in some training
courses conducted by GEDAE/UFPA in the neighbor state of Amazonas, where participants were
mostly riverside consumers and staff of the Instituto de Desenvolvimento Sustentável Mamirauá, with
little or no knowledge about solar PV energy.
Figure 46 – Educational kits used to improve the learning on PV systems.
Regarding the project entitled “Small Scale Power System for Electricity Generation of Isolated
Communities in the Amazon Region”, one of the objectives is the technology transfer for a selected
company, including the monitoring of the prototype manufacturing and assembling, the installation
guide and system commissioning.
At TEMA, the knowledge transfer is carried out mainly with the subject “Recursos Renováveis”
(“Renewable Resources”) and local lectures.
LSF-IEE/USP carried out technology transfer to the company “Indústria Solaris Tecnologia
Fotovoltaica”. This technology transfer was conducted under a FINEP agreement.
Technology transfer has been carried out through presentation of research papers at scientific
conferences. In the period 2009-2010, FOTOVOLTAICA’s research activities in the scope of INCTEREEA led to 15 scientific paper presentations at national and international conferences. Two training
courses in photovoltaics were also offered in the period.
In the context of the solar-assisted water disinfection project carried out by the
FOTOVOLTAICA team, a prototype was displayed in Belem-PA during the III Congresso Brasileiro
de Energia Solar in September 2010, and will soon be made available for trial tests in the field. A
solar-powered boat is currently being constructed, which should also be made available for trial tests in
the field in the Amazon Region.
During 2009 the project previously conducted with FINEP and ELETROBRAS, which
culminated in the development of the software FVCONECT (simulation of grid-connected
photovoltaic systems) was analyzed as potential for technology transfer from academia to the business
area, since engineers working with solar PV energy can use this tool for equipment tests. The
databases of this software are still being refined and further improvements will be implemented over
2011 and 2012. Likewise TERMOSIM software is a simulator of water heating solar thermal systems
and can be used as a tool for dissemination of technical knowledge in this area.
Several research works include new theoretical work and new experimental methods. Through
the softwares cited above, the research results can reach other researchers and even the businessmen
who seek greater understanding of the technical and operational aspects of solar energy systems.
3.4. EDUCATION AND SCIENCE DIFFUSION
The knowledge diffusion has been conducted by INCT-EREEA and its member groups through
the preparation of educational material, presentation of speeches, courses, workshops and seminars for
the general community, with emphasis in the primary and secondary schools. Some action conducted
until now are listed below.
Preparation of educational booklets for primary and secondary schools.
INCT-EREEA’s webpage, containing news and information about renewable energies and
energy efficiency, and material for download. For the next year more information, booklets, apostilles
and educational games will also be available.
Promotion of seminars for primary and secondary school students
Promotion of several capacity building courses on isolated and grid-connected photovoltaic
systems.
Promotion of a seminar about renewable energies and energy efficiency for secondary schools,
on April 29th, 2010.
The diffusion thata hás been made by INCT-EREEA hás had a very positive impact, since the
demand of educational institutions to visit the INCT-EREEA’s headquarters has increased
significantly in the last months. During these occasions, the visitors have the opportunity of observe
the physical space of the laboratory, which was conceived with bioclimatic and energy efficiency
concepts.
The booklets and folders have been distributed in several occasions, such as congresses, science
and technology fairs, seminars, etc.
It is also to highlight that the demand for the educational kits has increased after their
presentation to the public.
During the III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, three short courses were presented by
members of INCT-EREEA, namely “Análise de Implantação de CGHs na Amazônia”, by Prof.
Cláudio José Cavalcante Blanco (GRHAMA/UFPA), “Aplicações Térmicas de Baixa Temperatura da
Energia Solar”, by Prof. Arno Krenzinger (LABSOL/UFRGS), and “Caracterização Energética da
Biomassa Vegetal”, by Prof. Manoel Fernandes Martins Nogueira (EBMA/UFPA). Another short
course was presented by Prof. Enio Bueno Pereira and Prof. Fernando Ramos Martins, from INPE
(INCT for Climate Changes).
Prof. Roberto Zilles (LSF/USP) gave the course CAPEV 07-2009 “Tendências Tecnológicas y
Aplicaciones de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos”, Distance Learning, for OLADE (Latin American Energy
Organization) between June 22nd and July 3rd, 2009. This course, attended by 150 students from
different Latin America countries, is part of the INCT-EREEA member groups actions, Latin
American Integration. Within the field of Latin American Integration, in 2010 LSF/IEE/USP gave to
OLADE a course on Photovoltaics Systems in Asuncion, Paraguay. This course was given within the
“Programa de Dessarrollo Ejecutivo sobre Planificación Energética” for the Southern Cone Countries.
LSF/IEE/USP developed a kit for training and dissemination of grid-connected photovoltaic
systems, shown in figures 47 and 48. This kit was used for demonstration within the Latin American
integration in a training workshop held in Arequipa, Peru (Figure 49) and during the “Workshop on
Photovoltaic Systems for Grid-connection and Isolated Minigrids”, held in Belém, Pará (figure 50).
Figure 47 – Kit for training and dissemination of grid-connected photovoltaic systems.
Figure 48 – Graduate students taking a practical class on the operation of grid-connected photovoltaic
systems.
Figure 49 – Explanation about grid-connected photovoltaic systems using the educational kit at the
workshop of Arequipa, Peru.
Figure 50 – Demonstration of grid-connected photovoltaic systems using the educational kit at the
Workshop on Photovoltaic Systems for Grid-connection and Isolated Minigrids.
Education and outreach was carried out by the FOTOVOLTAICA team with participation in the
IV Conferência Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia in Brasilia in May 2010, the 35th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference in Hawaii in June 2010, and the III Brazilian Solar Energy Congress in BelemPA in September 2010.
A number of educational brochures has been prepared by the FOTOVOLTAICA team and will
be printed soon, to be distributed to different target groups in the Amazon region, and which should
contribute to the acceptance and utilisation of the solar energy technologies being developed in the
context of INCT-EREEA.
Didatic guides on Solar Radiation and Solar Energy have been developed, but not yet finalized.
The texts, currently under review, may be used in future INCT-EREEA courses or implemented in the
form of HTML files for the dissemination on the web.
Disciplines were taught at the Post-Graduate Programme (PROMEC-UFRGS) in the areas of
Solar Thermal Energy (3 credits in 2009 and 3 credits in 2010) and Solar Photovoltaic Energy (3
credits in 2009).
About the softwares developed and under development, it can be highlighted their educational
aspect, in the sense that they reproduce with adequate accuracy the operational aspects of different
system’s configurations over long time periods. The opportunities to test different components on the
user’s computer, analyzing the consequences of replacing each component, gives the technical and
didactic aspects of finding out the results and repeat the tests with progressive learning.
At GEnerAl, didactic animations are being created, using softwares like Flash Mx, to simulate
the work principles of solar hot water systems. Using these learning objects the student can improve
his academic skills and it will be easier to disseminate the knowledge of solar heating potential. All
developed material will be available in the IF-SC and INCT-EREEA websites.
Also the design and construction of a solar hot water system in a 1:4 reduction scale that will be
used during laboratory classes. The solar hot water system will work on thermosyphon or pumped
mode and some skin heaters will be mounted on the flat-plate in order to allow indoor tests without the
need of good weather conditions.
There is another project consisting in the development of a didactic kit for PV-panel tests for
basic and secondary level schools. First the conception of the circuit topology and components
specification will be carried out and, after this, the system will be constructed and tested. Different test
configurations will be described and these role-plays will be used during practice classes using the kit.
4. OBTAINED RESULTS WITH RELEVANCE TO THE SCIENTIFIC, TECHNOLOGICAL,
AND SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
Participation of Prof. Roberto Zilles and Prof. Ricardo Rüther in a special session of the
Brazilian Senate on renewable energies, giving talks about the importance of photovoltaics to Brazil
(www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea).
Participation of Prof. Roberto Zilles, as author, and Prof. João Tavares Pinho, as reviewer, in the
IPCC SPECIAL REPORT ON RENEWABLE ENRGY SOURCES AND CLIMATE CHANGES.
Participation of Prof. João Tavares Pinho in the XXXIII Semana Nacional de Energía Solar de la
Asociación Nacional de Energía Solar de México, and also in the “Cumbre Iberoamericana de
Energías Renovables”, in Guadalajara, giving an invited talk about Renewable Energy Sources in
Brazil (www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea).
Prof. João Tavares Pinho becomes President of the Associação Brasileira de Energia Solar and of
the Brazilian Section of the International Solar Energy Society, and other members of INCT-EREEA
are also part of the directive boards.
Prof. João Tavares Pinho received the Environment Merit Medal “Marina Silva”, awarded by the
city of Belém, for contributions to environment preservation (www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea).
Organization of the III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, in Belém, from Sep. 21st to Sep.
24 , 2010. The Congress was promoted by the Associação Brasileira de Energia Solar, the Brazilian
Section of the International Solar Energy Society, and organized by GEDAE with the participation of
all other INCT-EREEA’s member groups (www.iiicbens.com.br).
th
Marajó Island solar energy resource atlas: Samples of the atlas maps are displayed below, which
allow the identification of sites suitable for the application of solar energy technologies. The complete
atlas comprises 50 maps.
Figure 51 – Samples of the maps of the solar energy resource atlas for the island of Marajó.
Solar energy technologies set of booklets, targeting different educational groups. An example is
shown below:
Figure 52 – Sample of a booklet for secondary school students.
5. NUMBERS OF TECHNICAL AND SCIENTIFIC PRODUCTION IN THE PERIOD
TYPE
QUANTITY
Books
2
Book Chapters
5
Papers in National Journals
6
Papers in International Journals
15
Papers in National Congresses
43
Papers in International Congresses
24
Software
2
Patent of Products
2
OBS: Some publications are result of the interactions between some of the member groups and
are marked with an * in front of them.
Books:
PINHO, J. T. ; BARBOSA, Claudomiro Fábio de Oliveira ; PEREIRA, Edinaldo José da Silva ;
SOUZA, Hallan Max Silva ; BLASQUES, Luis Carlos Macedo ; GALHARDO, Marcos André Barros
; MACÊDO, Wilson Negrão . Sistemas Híbridos: Soluções Energéticas para a Amazônia. 1. ed.
Brasília: Ministério de Minas e Energia, 2008. v. 1. 396 p.
Rendeiro, G. Nogueira, M. F. M., Brasil, A. C. M., Cruz, D. O. A., Guerra, D. R. S., Macêdo, E.
N., Ichihara, J. A.. “Combustão e Gasificação de Biomassa Sólida: Soluções Energéticas para a
Amazônia”, 1. ed. Brasília: Ministério de Minas e Energia, 2008. v. 1. 190 p
Book Chapters:
* PINHO, J. T. ; Tiago, G. L. ; RENDEIRO, Gonçalo ; NOGUEIRA, Manoel Fernandes Martins
; Gonzalez, W. A. . Tecnologias de Energias Renováveis. Soluções Energéticas para a Amazônia. 1.
ed. Brasília: Ministério de Minas e Energia, 2008. v. 1. 156 p.
RUTHER, R ; SALAMONI, I. T. . Edifícios Solares Fotovoltaicos. In: Pedro Uczai. (Org.).
Inevitável Mundo Novo. 1 ed. Santa Maria: Editora Pallotti, 2009, v. 1, p. 225-244.
Rüther, R . Os veículos elétricos e a energia solar fotovoltaica como alternativa aos
biocombustíveis. In: Heline Sivini Ferreira, José Rubens Morato Leite. (Org.). Biocombustíveis: fonte
de energia sustentável? Considerações jurídicas, técnicas e éticas. 1 ed. São Paulo: Editora Saraiva,
2010, v. 1, p. 79-90.
Rüther, R. . PV Installation in Brazil. In: A. Shah. (Org.). Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells. 1 ed.
Lausanne: EPFL Press, 2010, v. 1, p. 376-380.
Rüther, R . Geração fotovoltaica integrada a edificações. In: Pedro Uczai. (Org.). Inevitável
Mundo Novo - Vol. II. Santa Maria - RS: Pallotti, 2010, v. II, p. 181-196.
Papers in National Journals:
CONDE, Cláudio Luciano da Rocha ; BRANCO, Tadeu da Mata Mederios ; PINHO, J. T. ;
SILVA, Ruy Altieri . Regulatory Actions due to Small Termal Plants of Isolated Systems Using
Telemetering Control. Revista IEEE América Latina, v. 7, p. 211-216, 2009.
* SALAMONI, I. T. ; RUTHER, R ; ZILLES, R. . Uma oportunidade para o desenvolvimento da
indústria fotovoltaica no Brasil: eletricidade solar para os telhados. Parcerias Estratégicas (Brasília), v.
14, p. 219-243, 2009.
ZILLES R. O desafio da Energia solar na Amazônia. Terra 3.0 - Scientific American Brasil - Ed.
nº 02, p.68-73, 2009.
HAAG, R.; KRENZINGER, A. ANÁLISE DA INFLUÊNCIA DE PARÂMETROS
ATMOSFÉRICOS E LOCAIS NA DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPECTRAL DA RADIAÇÃO SOLAR. Revista
Brasileira de Energia Solar, v. 1, p. 23-33, 2010.
NETO, Aimé; ALMEIDA, Marcelo; MACÊDO; Wilson; PINHO, Almeida.
DESENVOLVIMENTO E ANÁLISE OPERACIONAL DE UM CONTROLADOR DE CARGA
ON/OFF. Revista Brasileira de Energia Solar (ABENS), Ano I Volume 1 Setembro de 2010.
VERA, L. H.; KRENZINGER, A. MODELO MATEMÁTICO PARA BATERIAS
AUTOMOTIVAS OPERANDO EM SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOS AUTÔNOMOS. Revista Brasileira
de Energia Solar, v. 1, p. 161-171, 2010.
Papers in International Journals:
Benedito S R, ZILLES, R. Caracterização da produção de eletricidade por meio de sistemas
fotovoltaicos conectados à rede no Brasil. Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente. , v.13,
p.04.09 - 04.14, 2009.
BRAUN, P. ; Rüther, R. . The role of grid-connected, building-integrated photovoltaic
generation in commercial building energy and power loads in a warm and sunny climate. Energy
Conversion and Management, p. 2457-2466, 2010.
BÜHLER, A. J.; KRENZINGER, A. PROPOSTA DE UM MÉTODO PARA COMPARAÇÃO DE
CURVAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DE DISPOSITIVOS FOTOVOLTAICOS. Avances en Energías
Renovables y Medio Ambiente, v. 013, p. 04.01-04.08, 2009.
Driemeier, C., ZILLES, R. An ice machine adapted into an autonomous photovoltaic system
without batteries using a variable-speed drive. Progress in Photovoltaics. V18, p299–305, 2010.
Driemeier, C., ZILLES, R. Six-element circuit for maximum power point tracking in
photovoltaic-motor systems with variable-frequency drives. Progress in Photovoltaics. , v.18, p.107 114, 2010.
FEDRIZZI, Maria Cristina, Ribeiro, Fernando Selles, Zilles, Roberto. Bombeamento de água no
meio rural, análise econômica de duas configurações fotovoltaicas e um rede elétrica convencional.
Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente. , v.13, p.04.117 - 04.123, 2009.
FEDRIZZI, Maria Cristina, Ribeiro, Fernando Selles, ZILLES, R. Lessons from field
experiences with photovoltaic pumping systems in traditional communities. Energy Sustainable
Development. , v.13, p.64 - 70, 2009.
GASPARIN, F. P.; KRENZINGER, A. SISTEMA TRAÇADOR DE CURVAS
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE MÓDULOS FOTOVOLTAICOS. Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio
Ambiente, v. 13, p. 04.61-04.68, 2009.
* MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; ZILLES, Roberto . Influence of the power contribution of a gridconnected photovoltaic system and its operational particularities. Energy Sustainable Development, v.
13, p. 202-211, 2009.
MOCELIN, André, Zilles, Roberto, MORANTE, F. Programa brasileiro de etiquetagem de
equipamentos fotovoltaicos: Controladores de carga e inversores CC/CA. Avances en Energías
Renovables y Medio Ambiente. , v.13, p.04.101 - 04.108, 2009.
Naspolini, H.F. ; Militão, H.S.G. ; Rüther, R. . The role and benefits of solar water heating in the
energy demands of low-income dwellings in Brazil. Energy Conversion and Management, p. 28352845, 2010.
Ortega, Alberto ; Escobar, Rodrigo ; COLLE, Sergio ; ABREU, S. L. . The state of solar energy
resource assessment in Chile. Renewable Energy, v. 35, p. 2514-2524, 2010.
RAMPINELLI, G. A.; KRENZINGER, A. DESCRIÇÃO DE UM PROGRAMA
COMPUTACIONAL DE SIMULAÇÃO DE SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOS CONECTADOS À REDE
ELÉTRICA DE DISTRIBUIÇÃO. Avances en Energías Renovables y Medio Ambiente, v. 13, p. 04.2104.28, 2009.
Rüther, Ricardo ; Braun, Priscila . Energetic contribution potential of building-integrated
photovoltaics on airports in warm climates. Solar Energy, v. 83, p. 1923-1931, 2009.
Zilles, Roberto, MOCELIN, André, MORANTE, F Programa brasileiro de formação e
certificação de instaladores de sistemas fotovoltaicos de pequeno e médio porte. Avances en Energías
Renovables y Medio Ambiente. , v.13, p.10.09 - 10.16, 2009.
Papers in National Congresses:
BARROS, Alfredo Augusto Vieira ; PINHO, J. T. ; CONDE, Cláudio Luciano da Rocha . A
EFICIÊNCIA ENERGÉTICA COMO FERRAMENTA PARA A SUSTENTABILIDADE DOS
PEQUENOS SISTEMAS DE ELETRIFICAÇÃO ISOLADOS. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de
Eficiência Energética, 2009, Belém. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Eficiência Energética, 2009.
v. 1.
* BLASQUES, L. C. M.; SOUZA, H. M. S.; PINHO, J. T.; TUPIASSU, A. A. A., Experiências
com a Elaboração de Diagnósticos Energéticos através do Programa de Eficiência Energética no Pará.
Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Eficiência Energética, 2009, Belém.
BRACARENSE, M. S. S. ; Jota, P. R. S. ; RUTHER, R . Simulação de sistema solar fotovoltaico
integrado ao edifício do DER-MG. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Eficência Energética, 2009, Belém PA. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Eficência Energética. Belem-PA : UFPA, 2009. v. 1. p. 1-11.
CARVALHO JUNIOR, R. N. ; LIMA, M. P. ; PRATA, A. F. ; SILVEIRA, J. R. P. ; MENEZES,
D. S. . Caracterização física, química e termomecânica do quartzo aluvionar e pegmatítico usado na
produção de silício maetálico. In: XXIII Encontro Nacional de Tratamento de Minérios e Metalurgia
Extrativa, 2009, Gramado. Caracterização física, química e termomecânica do quartzo aluvionar e
pegmatítico usado na produção de silício maetálico, 2009.
CARVALHO, M. M. M. ; BLANCO, C. J. C. ; MESQUITA, A. L. A. . DSS S Para CGH S Na
Amazônia. In: 5a Conferência de PCH Mercado & Meio Ambiente, 2009, São Paulo. 5a Conferência
de PCH Mercado & Meio Ambiente, 2009.
GALHARDO, Marcos A. B. ; MANITO, Alex R. A. ; AGUILAR, Heliana M. C. ; PINHO, João
T. . Programa Computacional para Monitoração de uma Edificação Eficiente. In: III Congresso
Brasileiro de Eficiência Energética - CBEE, 2009, Belém. III CBEE - 2009, 2009.
GALHARDO, Marcos A. B. ; MODESTO, Natália S. ; PINHO, João T. . Análise da Qualidade
da Energia de um Sistema de Eletrificação Híbrido (Fotovoltaico-Eólico-Diesel) Suprindo Minirrede
de Distribuição. In: XX Seminário Nacional de Produção e Transmissão de Energia Elétrica SNPTEE,
2009, Recife. XX SNPTEE - 2009, 2009.
GALHARDO, Marcos A. B. ; PINHO, João T. . Interação Harmônica entre Suprimento e
Cargas. In: VIII Conferência Brasileira sobre Qualidade da Energia Elétrica, 2009, Blumenau. VIII
CBQEE - 2009, 2009.
QUARESMA, A. B. ; MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; PINHO, João Tavares . FERRAMENTA PARA
AVALIAÇÃO E PREVISÃO DE DESPACHO DE USINA TERMOELÉTRICA A DIESEL:
ESTUDO DE CASO DAS USINAS DE JACAREACANGA E AVEIRO. In: Terceiro Congresso
Brasileiro de Eficiência Energética, 2009, Belém. CBEE, 2009.
VALE, S. B. ; Marinésio Pereira Lima ; Deidiane Oliveira Souza ; Karina Felícia Fischer Lima ;
Lys Daniele da Costa Tavares . Estudo Comparativo das características do Filito da Formação Couto
Magalhães com os Filitos Itapeva e Martinópole. In: XXIII Encontro Nacional de Tratamento de
Minérios e Metalurgia Extrativa, 2009, Gramado - RS. XXIII Encontro Nacional de Tratamento de
Minérios e Metalurgia Extrativa, 2009.
AGUILAR, Heliana M. C. ; PEREIRA, L. C. A. ; GALHARDO, Marcos A. B. ; PINHO, João T.
. Projeto de uma Residência Eficiente para a Região Amazônica. In: III CBENS - Congresso Brasileiro
de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém. III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010.
Aimé Fleury de Carvalho Pinto Neto, Marcelo Pinho Almeida, André Ricardo Mocelin, Roberto
Zilles KIT DE DEMONSTRAÇÃO DA CONEXÃO E OPERAÇÃO DE SISTEMAS
FOTOVOLTAICOS CONECTADOS À REDE. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar,
2010, Belém, PA, Brasil.
Aimé Fleury de Carvalho Pinto Neto, Roberto Zilles, Mario H. Macagnan, Jeremias B. Lehmann
DESCRIÇÃO DE SEGUIDORES SOLARES E SUA APLICAÇÃO EM CENTRAIS
FOTOVOLTAICAS CONECTADAS À REDE. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar,
2010, Belém, PA, Brasil.
BLASQUES, L. C. M.; ALMEIDA, M. P.; PINHEIRO, D. C.; MANITO, A. R. A.; PINHO, J.
T., Ambiente Computacional para Caracterização de Potencialidade Eólica com Base em Dados
Obtidos a partir de Estações Anemométricas. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar,
2010, Belém.
BLASQUES, L. C. M.; AZEVEDO, T. P. S.; PINHO, J. T., Análise Comparativa entre Sistemas
Individuais de Geração com Fontes Intermitentes (SIGFI) Utilizando as Fontes Solar Fotovoltaica e
Eólica em Três Diferentes Localidades da Região Amazônica. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de
Energia Solar, 2010, Belém.
BLASQUES, L. C. M.; PINHEIRO, D. C.; PINHO, J. T.; SILVA, A.; LOWE, J., Caracterização
da Potencialidade Eólica e Análise Comparativa entre Diferentes Aerogeradores para Localidades
Costeiras das Regiões Norte e Nordeste do Brasil. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar,
2010, Belém.
BRAUN, P ; ZOMER, C. ; Rüther, R . Análise da contribuição energética associada à integração
de sistemas fotovoltaicos em edificações comerciais. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar - III
CBENS, 2010, Belém - PA. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar. Porto Alegre - RS :
ABENS, 2010. v. 1. p. 1-11.
BÜHLER, A. J.; KRENZINGER, A.; CHENLO, F. ANÁLISE DA VARIAÇÃO DA EFICIÊNCIA
DE MÓDULOS FOTOVOLTAICOS DE DIFERENTES TECNOLOGIAS EM FUNÇÃO DA
TEMPERATURA E IRRADIÂNCIA. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém, PA.
Anais do III CBENS. Associação Brasileira de Energia Solar.
FIGUEIREDO, Gilberto ; VASCONCELOS, F. M. ; MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; MANITO, A. R. A.
; GALHARDO, Marcos André Barros ; PINHO, João Tavares . Programa Computacional para Análise
e Projeto de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Conectados à Rede Elétrica. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de
Energia Solar, 2010, Belém. Anais do III CBENS, 2010.
GASPARIN, F. P.; BÜHLER, A. J.; PRIEB, C. W. M. INFLUÊNCIA DA TEMPERATURA NA
MEDIDA DE IRRADIÂNCIA SOLAR COM CÉLULAS DE REFERÊNCIA DE SILÍCIO CRISTALINO.
In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém, PA. Anais do III CBENS. Associação
Brasileira de Energia Solar, 2010. v. CD-ROM.
GASPARIN, F. P.; KRENZINGER, A. INFLUÊNCIA DA VARREDURA DE TENSÃO NA
MEDIDA DA CURVA CARACTERÍSTICA DE MÓDULOS FOTOVOLTAICOS DE SILÍCIO
AMORFO. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém, PA. Anais do III CBENS.
Recife. Associação Brasileira de Energia Solar, 2010.
HAAG, R.; KRENZINGER, A. ESTIMATIVA DA DISTRIBUIÇÃO ESPECTRAL DA
RADIAÇÃO SOLAR NO BRASIL UTILIZANDO MODELOS DE TRANSFERÊNCIA
RADIATIVA E ANÁLISE MULTIINSTRUMENTAL: SATÉLITE, RADIÔMETROS EM
SUPERFÍCIE E RADIOSSONDAGEM. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém,
PA. Anais do III CBENS. Associação Brasileira de Energia Solar, 2010. v. CD-ROM.
HAAG, R.; KRENZINGER, A.; STOFFEL T. ANÁLISE PRELIMINAR DO OFFSET TÉRMICO
EM PIRANÔMETROS SOB DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES ATMOSFÉRICAS. In: III Congresso
Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém. Anais do III CBENS. Associação Brasileira de Energia
Solar, 2010. v. CD-ROM.
MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; GALHARDO, Marcos A. B. ; PINHO, João T. ; MODESTO, Josivaldo ;
PENHA, José A. ; OLIVEIRA, Luís G. M. . Reestruturação de um Sistema Fotovoltaico Autônomo
em uma Base de Pesquisa de Unidade de Conservação Ambiental. In: III CBENS - Congresso
Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém. III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010.
MANITO, A. R. A. ; GALHARDO, Marcos André Barros ; FIGUEIREDO, Gilberto ;
VASCONCELOS, F. M. ; MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; PINHO, João Tavares . Desenvolvimento de um
Sistema de Aquisição de Dados para Monitoração de um Sistema Fotovoltaico Conectado à Rede. In:
III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém. Anais do III CBENS, 2010.
Marcelo Pinho Almeida, Aimé Fleury de Carvalho Pinto Neto, Carlos Driemeier, Roberto Zilles
SISTEMA FOTOVOLTAICO PARA PRODUÇÃO DE GELO PARA PEQUENAS
COMUNIDADES ISOLADAS SEM UTILIZAÇÃO DE ACUMULAÇÃO ELETROQUÍMICA.
Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém, PA, Brasil.
Maria Cristina Fedrizzi, Teddy Arturo Melendez, Roberto Zilles, Alaan Ubaiara Brito
CONDICIONAMENTO DE POTÊNCIA E MOTOBOMBAS NACIONAIS EM SISTEMAS
FOTOVOLTAICOS DE BOMBEAMENTO. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar,
2010, Belém, PA, Brasil.
NASCIMENTO, L. R. ; FRANCO, D. A. ; FREIRE, M. C. ; Rüther, R ; SAHLIT, A. A. ;
FIGUEIREDO, P. L. ; ALARCON, O. E. . Barco solar: Embarcação elétrica alimentada por energia
solar fotovoltaica. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar - III CBENS, 2010, Belém - PA. Anais
do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar. Porto Alegre - RS : ABENS, 2010. v. 1. p. 1-12.
NASCIMENTO, M. A. S.; BLASQUES, L. C. M.; PINHO, J. T., Ferramenta de Auxílio para a
Análise de Viabilidade da Instalação de Sistemas Eólicos de Grande Porte Utilizando Lógica Fuzzy.
Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém.
NASPOLINI, H. F. ; Rüther, R . Agregação da energia solar térmica ao aquecimento da água
para o banho na habitação popular: impactos sobre a demanda de potência ativa, reativa e aparente
solicitadas ao sistema elétrico. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar - III CBENS, 2010, Belém
- PA. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar. Porto Alegre - RS : ABENS, 2010. v. 1. p.
1-11.
PAIVA, R. S. ; Jordan Pacini Resplandes ; MOREIRA, V. S. . Mineração em área de
Preservação Permanente, o Caso de Extrações de Argilas e Areia no Município de Marabá-PA,
Amazônia Oriental. In: 6 Congresso Brasileiro de Mina a Céu Aberto, 6 Congresso Brasileiro de Mina
Subterrânea e um Workshop de Fechamento de Mina, 2010, Belo Horizonte - MG. 6 Congresso
Brasileiro de Mina a Céu Aberto, 6 Congresso Brasileiro de Mina Subterrânea e um Workshop de
Fechamento de Mina, 2010.
PUFAL, R. A.; KRENZINGER, A. ESTUDO NORMATIVO DA QUALIDADE DE ENERGIA
DE SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOS CONECTADOS À REDE ELÉTRICA. In: III Congresso Brasileiro
de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém, PA. Anais do III CBENS. Associação Brasileira de Energia Solar,
2010.
RAMPINELLI, G. A.; KRENZINGER, A.; CHENLO, F. ANÁLISE DE CARACTERÍSTICAS
DE INVERSORES PARA SISTEMAS FOTOVOLTAICOS CONECTADOS À REDE EM FUNÇÃO DA
TENSÃO DE ENTRADA. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém, PA. Anais do III
CBENS. Associação Brasileira de Energia Solar, 2010. v. CD-ROM.
ROCHA, S. ; GONÇALVES, J. M. ; ABREU, S. L. . Mini-bomba de calor acoplada a coletores
solares. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro
de Energia Solar, 2010.
SANTOS, I. P. ; MONTENEGRO, A. A. ; ZOMER, C. ; NASCIMENTO, L. R. ; BRAUN, P ;
Rüther, R . Estádios Solares: Potencial de aplicação da energia solar fotovoltaica nos estádios da Copa
2014. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar - III CBENS, 2010, Belém - PA. Anais do III
Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar. Porto Alegre - RS : ABENS, 2010. v. 1. p. 1-12.
TAKENAKA, F. O. ; BRAUER, F. ; SALAMONI, I. T. ; Rüther, R . Simulação do potencial de
geração fotovoltaica na cobertura das edificações do Campus I - CEFET - MG. In: III Congresso
Brasileiro de Energia Solar - III CBENS, 2010, Belém - PA. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de
Energia Solar. Porto Alegre - RS : ABENS, 2010. v. 1. p. 1-11.
Urbanetz Jr., J. ; Rüther, R . Qualidade de energia elétrica e o funcionamento de inversores de
sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados à rede. In: III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar - III CBENS,
2010, Belém - PA. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar. Porto Alegre - RS : ABENS,
2010. v. 1. p. 1-12.
VASCONCELOS, Fillipe M. ; PINTO FILHO, G. F. ; MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; GALHARDO,
Marcos A. B. ; PINHO, João T. . Ferramenta Computacional para Caracterização de Geradores
Fotovoltaicos. In: III CBENS - Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém. III Congresso
Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010.
* VAZ, D. A. T. D. R. ; VAZ, J. R. P. ; MESQUITA, A. L. A. ; BLANCO, C. J. C. ; PINHO, J.
T. . Uma Extensão do Método BEM Aplicado ao Projeto de Rotores Hidrocinéticos de Fluxo Livre. In:
III CBENS - Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, 2010, Belém. III CBENS - Congresso Brasileiro
de Energia Solar, 2010.
VAZ, D. A. T. D. R. ; BLANCO, C. J. C. ; VAZ, J. R. P. ; MESQUITA, A. L. A. . Uma
Extensão do Modelo BEM Aplicada à baixa razão de Velocidade. In: CONEM - Congresso Nacional
de Engenharia Mecânica, 2010, Campina Grande. CONEM 2010 - VI Congresso Nacional de
Engenharia Mecânica, 2010.
* VAZ, Jerson R. P. ; SILVA, Dimitri O. ; PINHO, João T. ; GALHARDO, Marcos A. B. . Uma
Abordagem para o Projeto de Rotores Eólicos de Pequeno Porte Utilizando Perfis Aerodinâmicos
Variados. In: VI Congresso Nacional de Engenharia Mecânica, 2010, Campina Grande. VI CONEM,
2010.
VIANA, T. ; Rüther, R . Potencial de geração fotovoltaica com concentração no Brasil. In: III
Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar - III CBENS, 2010, Belém - PA. Anais do III Congresso
Brasileiro de Energia Solar. Porto Alegre - RS : ABENS, 2010. v. 1. p. 1-10.
ZOMER, C. ; RUTHER, R. . Contribuição energética de um gerador fotovoltaico de grande
porte conectado à rede para uma edificação de alto consumo e para seu alimentador. In: III Congresso
Brasileiro de Energia Solar - III CBENS, 2010, Belém - PA. Anais do III Congresso Brasileiro de
Energia Solar. Porto Alegre - RS : ABENS, 2010. v. 1. p. 1-12.
Papers in International Congresses:
BLASQUES, L. C. M.; PEREIRA, E. J. S.; PINHO, J. T., PV-Wind-Diesel Hybrid System of
Tamaruteua: Acquired Experiences, Comparisons with Similar Systems and Contributions for Future
Development. Symposium Small PV-Applications - Rural Electrification and Comercial Use, 2009,
Ulm, p. 231-236.
BÜHLER, A. J.; GASPARIN, F. P.; RAMPINELLI, G. A. KRENZINGER, A.
DEVELOPMENT OF A CLIMATIC CHAMBER FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES TESTING. In:
20th International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, 2009, Gramado. Proceedings of the 20th
International Congress of Mechanical Engineering. Porto Alegre, 2009.
DRIEMEIER C., ZILLES R. A photovoltaic ice machine using standard variable speed induction
motor drive. Symposium Small PV-Applications Rural and Commercial Use, Ulm, Germany, May
25th/26/th, p.105-110, 2009
FEDRIZZI M.C., RIBEIRO F.S., ZILLES R. Four configurations of small photovoltaic pumping
systems. Symposium Small PV-Applications Rural and Commercial Use, Ulm, Germany, May
25th/26/th, p.117-122, 2009.
Gomes, Kellen D. C. ; MARTINS, T. C. ; DMITRIEV, Victor ; PINHO, J. T. ; COLLE, Sérgio ;
ANDRADE, Marcelo A. ; SILVA, João C. V. da ; BEDIA, Mauro . Influence of the Discharge Pulse
Width in the Current Distribution on OPGW Cables. In: 2009 International Microwave and
Optoelectronics Conference, 2009, Belém. Proceedings of the 2009 International Microwave and
Optoelectronics Conference, 2009. v. 1.
Gomes, Kellen D. C. ; MARTINS, T. C. ; PINHO, J. T. ; DMITRIEV, Victor ; COLLE, Sérgio ;
ANDRADE, Marcelo A. ; SILVA, João C. V. da ; BEDIA, Mauro . Analysis of the Current Density
Distribution in OPGW Cables under Lightning Conditions Using the BOR-FDTD Method. In: 58th
International Wire and Cable and Connectivity Symposium, 2009, Charlotte. Proceedings of the 58th
International Wire and Cable and Connectivity Symposium, 2009. v. 1.
HAAG, R.; KRENZINGER, A. THE WAVELENGTH-DEPENDENT TRANSMITTANCE OF
THE CLOUDS IN THE 350-1000 nm RANGE. In: 20th International Congress of Mechanical
Engineering, 2009, Gramado. Proceedings of the 20th International Congress of Mechanical
Engineering. Porto Alegre, 2009.
KRENZINGER, A.; BUHLER, A. J.; GASPARIN, F. P. APARATO PARA MEDIR CURVAS
CARACTERÍSTICAS DE MÓDULOS FOTOVOLTAICOS CON RADIACIÓN NATURAL. In: XVI
Simposio Peruano de Energia Solar, 2009, Arequipa. XVI Simposio Peruano de Energia Solar.
Arequipa - Peru, 2009. v. CD-ROM.
MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; PINHO, João Tavares ; ALMEIDA, Marcelo Pinho ; Neto, Aimé Fleury
de Carvalho Pinto . EFFICIENCY EVALUATION AND ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF SMALL
DISH-STIRLING POWER SYSTEMS IN BRAZIL. In: Solar Paces, 2009, Berlin. Solar Paces, 2009.
MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; FIGUEIREDO., T. ; FILHO, G. ; GALHARDO, Marcos André Barros ;
PINHO, João Tavares ; ALMEIDA, Marcelo Pinho . Application of Photovoltaic Systems in
Community Radios Located in Remote Conservation Units in the Amazon. In: Small PV-Applications
- Rural Electrification and Commercial Use, 2009, Ulm. Small PV-Applications, 2009.
MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; FIGUEIREDO, Thiago A. S. ; PINTO FILHO, G. F. ; GALHARDO,
Marcos A. B. ; PINHO, João T. ; ALMEIDA, Marcelo P. . Application of Photovoltaic Systems in
Community Radios Located in Remote Conservation Units in the Amazon. In: Symposium Small PVApplications Rural Electrification and Commercial Use, 2009. Symposium Small PV-Applications
Rural Electrification and Commercial Use, 2009. p. 222-230.
* Mesquita A. A. ; VAZ, Jerson Rogério Pinheiro ; Silva, D. O. ; Lins, E. F. ; PINHO, J. T. .
Análise Dinâmica de Pá de Turbina Eólica de Pequeno Porte para Utilização em Localidades da
Amazônia. In: 8th LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS: ELECTRICITY GENERATION AND
TRANSMISSION, 2009, Ubatuba. Anais do 8th LATIN-AMERICAN CONGRESS: ELECTRICITY
GENERATION AND TRANSMISSION, 2009. v. 1.
QUINTAS, M. C.; BLANCO, C. J. C.; MESQUITA, A. L. A.. A Non-Linear Rainfall-Runoff
Model Applied to an Amazon Catchment to Simulate the Fow Duration Curves. In: COBEM 2009 International Congress of Mechanical Engineering, 2009, Gramado-RS. COBEM 2009 - International
Congress of Mechanical Engineering, 2009.
SALAMONI, I. T. ; MONTENEGRO, A. A. ; RUTHER, R . O panorama da energia solar
fotovoltaica conectada à rede elétrica no Brasil: benefícios, legislação e desafios. In: X Encontro
Nacional e VI Encontro Latino Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído, 2009, Natal - RN.
Anais do X Encontro Nacional e VI Encontro Latino Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído.
Natal - RN : ENTAC, 2009. v. 1. p. 1-11.
SANTOS, I. P. ; RUTHER, R . Avaliação das Características das Coberturas das Residências
Unifamiliares para o Aproveitamento da Energia Solar. In: X Encontro Nacional e VI Encontro Latino
Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído, 2009, Natal - RN. Anais do X Encontro Nacional e
VI Encontro Latino Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído. Natal - RN : ENTAC, 2009. v.
1. p. 1-11.
SANTOS, I. P. ; Palermo, C. ; RUTHER, R . Redução da Conta de Energia nas Habitações de
Interesse Social a partir da Utilização de Energia Solar Térmica e Fotovoltaica. In: X Encontro
Nacional e VI Encontro Latino Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído, 2009, Natal - RN.
Anais do X Encontro Nacional e VI Encontro Latino Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído.
Natal - RN : ENTAC, 2009. v. 1. p. 1-11.
* VAZ, Jerson Rogério Pinheiro ; Silva, D. O. ; Mesquita A. A. ; Lins, E. F. ; PINHO, J. T. .
Aerodynamic and Modal Analysis of Blades for Small Wind Turbines. In: 20th International Congress
of Mechanical Engineering, 2009, Gramado. Anais do 20th International Congress of Mechanical
Engineering, 2009. v. 1.
ZILLES R., MOCELIN A. R.. Brazilian ordinance for solar home systems. Symposium Small
PV-Applications Rural and Commercial Use, Ulm, Germany, May 25th/26/th, p.23-28, 2009.
ZOMER, C. ; BRAUN, P. ; RUTHER, R . Geração fotovoltaica integrada à edificação de uma
empresa e conectada à rede elétrica proporcionando uma recontratação de demanda. In: X Encontro
Nacional e VI Encontro Latino Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído, 2009, Natal - RN.
Anais do X Encontro Nacional e VI Encontro Latino Americano de Conforto no Ambiente Construído.
Natal - RN : ENTAC, 2009. v. 1. p. 1-11.
FIGUEIREDO, Gilberto ; MACÊDO, Wilson N. ; GALHARDO, Marcos André Barros ;
MANITO, A. R. A. ; PINHO, João Tavares . Avaliação de Desempenho Operacional do Primeiro
Sistema Fotovoltaico Conectado à Rede e Integrado à Edificação da Amazônia Brasileira. In: IV
Conferência Latino Americana de Energía Solar e XVII Simposio Peruano de Energía Solar, 2010,
Cusco. Anais da IV ISES-CLA e XVII SPES, 2010.
PAIVA, R. S. ; LIMA, A. R. R. ; SILVEIRA, J. R. P. . METALLURGICAL INITIAL TESTS
FOR COPPER ORE OXIDE FROM SOSSEGO MINE CELL LEACHING PARAMETERS
DETERMINATION. In: III International Workshop on Process Hydrometallurgy HYDROPROCESS2010, 2010, Santiago. III International Workshop on Process Hydrometallurgy HYDROPROCESS2010, 2010.
PAIVA, R. S. ; SILVEIRA, J. R. P. . MEASUREMENT AND OPTIMIZATION OF THE
PRODUCTIVITY OF TRACK-TYPE TRACTORS APPLIED IN STERILE DEPOSITS. In: IV
International Conference on Minin Innovation - MININ 2010, 2010, Santiago. IV International
Conference on Minin Innovation - MININ 2010, 2010.
RUTHER, R ; NASCIMENTO, L. R. ; Urbanetz Jr., J. ; P. Pfitscher ; VIANA, T. . Long-term
performance of the first grid-connected, building-integrated, thin-film amorphous silicon PV
installation in Brazil. In: 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference, 2010, Honolulu - HI, EUA.
Proceedings of the 35th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference. New York : IEEE, 2010. v. 1. p. 14.
RUTHER, R ; Urbanetz Jr., J. ; VIANA, T. ; NASCIMENTO, L. R. ; P. Pfitscher . Performance
assessment of a microcrystalline Si PV installation in a warm climate. In: 35th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference, 2010, Honolulu - HI, EUA. Proceedings of the 35th IEEE Photovoltaic
Specialists Conference. New York : IEEE, 2010. v. 1. p. 1-4.
Software:
KRENZINGER, A. BUGS, R. SOFTWARE RADIASOL2- software to sintesize meteorogical
series in an hourly basis, www.solar.ufrgs.br, 2009.
MANITO, Alex R. A. ; GALHARDO, Marcos A. B. . Sistema de Monitoramento Energético do
Laboratório de Energias Renováveis e Eficiência Energética. 2010.
Patents of Products:
ZILLES, R. Acondicionamento de potência para sistemas fotovoltaicos de bombeamento.
ZILLES, R. Protótipo de máquina para produção de gelo com sistemas fotovoltaicos.
6. NUMBERS OF CAPACITY BUILDING IN THE PERIOD
TYPE
QUANTITY
Finished:
Undergraduate Students
6
Master Students
8
Doctor Students
4
Post-Doctor Students
1
Secondary School Students
2
Ongoing:
Undergraduate Students
Master Students
Doctor Students
Post-Doctor Students
Secondary School Students
21
19
14
2
12
Undergraduate Students:
Finished:
Alex Manito. Sistema de Monitoramento de uma Edificação Eficiente. 2009. GEDAE/UFPA.
Supervisor: Prof. Marcos André Barros Galhardo.
Lucas Celestino Azevedo Pereira. Projeto de Igreja Cristã Evangélica como exercício projetual.
2010. GEDAE/UFPA. Co-supervisor: Heliana Maria Ceballos Aguilar.
Gilberto Figueiredo P. Filho & Fillipe Matos de Vasconcelos. Metodologia para Projeto e
Análise de Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Conectados à Rede Elétrica de Baixa Tensão e Avaliação de
Desempenho de um Sistema de 1,575 kWp. 2010. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Porf. Wilson Negrão
Macêdo.
Aimé Fleury de Carvalho Pinto & Marcelo Pinho Almeida. Desenvolvimento de controladores
de carga para sistemas fotovoltaicos autônomos. 2009. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. Wilson
Negrão Macêdo.
Ongoing:
Anderson da Silva de Alcântara. TEMA/UFPA.
Andrea Rejane Costa Nascimento. GEDAE/UFPA.
Andrielle Leal da Silva. GEDAE/UFPA.
Bernardo Rogowski dos Santos. GEnerAL/IFSC.
Daniel da Conceição Pinheiro. GEDAE/UFPA.
Diogo da Silva Menezes.
Fransérgio Martins Carvalho. GEDAE/UFPA.
Gustavo Mallet Gaspar. LSF/USP.
Gustavo Monteiro Farias. GEDAE/UFPA.
Hélio de Souza Morais Junior. GEDAE/UFPA.
Jose Cesar de Souza Almeida Neto. LSF/USP.
Keila Cristina dos Santos Maia. GEDAE/UFPA.
Lorêda Camyla de Macêdo Favacho. GRHAMA/UFPA
Murillo Augusto de Melo Cordeiro. GEDAE/UFPA.
Péricles Monteiro Quadros. TEMA/UFPA
Renato Luz Cavalcante. GEDAE/UFPA.
Ricardo Felix de Souza. GEDAE/UFPA.
Ronaldo Menezes dos Santos Júnior. GEDAE/UFPA.
Sávio Weslley Oliveira Figueiredo.
Teófilo Rennan Miranda da Silva.
Tércio Heitor de Sousa Moreira.
Master Students:
Finished:
Tina Bimestre Selles Ribeiro. A eletrificação rural com sistemas individuais de geração com
fontes intermitentes em comunidades tradicionais: Caracterização dos entraves para o desenvolvimento
local. 2010. LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor: Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Teddy Arturo Flores Melendez. Avaliação de sistemas fotovoltaicos de bombeamento. 2009.
LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor: Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Ricardo da Silva Benedito. Caracterização da geração distribuída de eletricidade por meio de
sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados à rede, no Brasil, sob os aspectos técnico, econômico e regulatório.
2009. LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor: Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Clarissa Debiazi Zomer. Geração solar fotovoltaica integrada a uma edificação inserida em meio
urbano e conectada à rede elétrica - estudo de caso do edifício sede da Eletrosul. 2010.
FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC, Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico.
Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Ruther.
Célio Sérgio Vieira. Simulação de gerador fotovoltaico integrado a edificação e conectado à rede
elétrica para suprir a demanda energética do aeroporto internacional Tancredo Neves - Um estudo de
caso. 2010. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Ruther.
Fatima Oliveira Takenaka. Avaliação do potencial de auto-geração de energia solar fotovoltaica
nas edificações do CEFET-MG, Campus I, interligado à rede elétrica. 2010.
FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Ruther.
Danilo de Freitas Melo. Estudo de um sistema fotovoltaico integrado à construção e ligado à
rede elétrica em uma edificação comercial. 2010. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo
Ruther.
Isis Portolan dos Santos. Integração de painéis solares fotovoltaicos em edificações residenciais e
sua contribuição em um alimentador de energia de zona urbana mista. 2009.
FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Ruther.
Ongoing:
Gilberto Figueiredo Pinto Filho. Desenvolvimento de Ferramentas Computacionais para Auxílio
na Avaliação de Desempenho e Dimensionamento de Sistema Fotovoltaicos Conectados à Rede.
Início: 2010. GEDAE/UFPA, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.
Supervisor: Prof. Wilson Negrão Macêdo.
Angelandre Bittencourt Quaresma. Ferramenta para Avaliação e Previsão de Despacho de
Usinas Termelétricas a Óleo Diesel: Estudo de Caso da Usina de Aveiro. Início: 2010. GEDAE/UFPA.
Supervisor: Prof. Wilson Negrão Macêdo.
Franciane Andreza Veloso dos Santos. Avaliação Técnica e Econômica para a Implantação de
Sistemas Fotovoltaicos para a Eletrificação do Aeroporto Internacional de Belém. GEDAE/UFPA.
Supervisor: Prof. João Tavares Pinho.
Max Alexandre Seabra do Nascimento. Ferramenta Computacional para simulação do
Acoplamento de um Aerogerador à Motobombas Convencionais por meio de Inversores de
Frequência. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. João Tavares Pinho.
Thiago Paula Silva de Azevedo. Desenvolvimento de um Aerogerador de 1 kW com Rotor
Apropriado para as Condições de Vento da Região Amazônica e Bancada de Testes para Simulações
de Regimes de Vento. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. João Tavares Pinho.
Alex Renan Arrifano Manito. Beginning: 2010. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. João Tavares
Pinho.
Lucas Celestino Azevedo Pereira. Análise Acústica Experimental e Numérica do Prédio do
Laboratório de Energias Renováveis e Eficiência Energética, do Grupo de Estudos e Desenvolvimento
de Alternativas Energéticas, do Instituto de Tecnologia, Objetivando a Caracterização e Adequação
Acústica. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. Newton Sure Soeiro (with co-supervision of Prof. João
Tavares Pinho).
Flavio Masuda. Células a combustível em miniredes de sistemas isolados para eletrificação rural.
Beginning: 2010. LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor: Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Luis Roberto Valer Morales. A utilização de sistemas fotovoltaicos de bombeamento para
irrigação e uso produtivo em pequenas propriedas rurais. Beginning: 2009. LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor:
Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Marcelo Pinho Almeida. Otimização do acoplamento de sistemas fotovoltaicos com motores de
indução trifásicos. Beginning: 2009. LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor: Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Aime Fleury de Carvalho Pinto Neto. Seguidores solares para sistemas fotovoltaicos. Beginning:
2009. LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor: Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Juliana D'Angela Mariano. Beginning: 2010. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof.
Ricardo Ruther, Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.
Alexandre de Albuquerque Montenegro. Beginning: 2010. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC.
Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Ruther. Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa Universitária.
Luiz Carlos Pereira Junior. Análise de custos da geração fotovoltaica interligada à rede elétrica
em comparação com a geração convencional. Beginning: 2009. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor:
Prof. Ricardo Ruther. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior.
Déborah Aline Tavares Dias do Rio Vaz. GRHAMA/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. Cláudio Blanco.
Igor de Souza Gomide. GRHAMA/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. Cláudio Blanco.
Fábio N. da Rosa. LABSOL/UFRGS. Supervisor: Prof. Arno Krenzinger.
Tiago F. Manea. LABSOL/UFRGS. Supervisor: Prof. Arno Krenzinger.
Ricardo Augusto Pufal. LABSOL/UFRGS. Supervisor: Prof. Arno Krenzinger.
Doctor Students:
Finished:
Priscila Braun. A integração de sistemas solares fotovoltaicos em larga escala no sistema elétrico
de distribuição urbana. 2010. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Rüther.
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível.
Trajano de Souza Viana. Avaliacao da irradiação solar direta e do potencial da geração solar
fotovoltaica com sistemas com concentração no Brasil. 2010. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor:
Prof. Ricardo Rüther.
Jair Urbanetz Junior. Sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados a redes de distribuição urbanas: sua
influência na qualidade da energia elétrica e análise dos parâmetros que possam afetar a conectividade.
2010. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Rüther.
Isabel Tourinho Salamoni. Um Programa Residencial de Telhados Solares para o Brasil:
Diretrizes de Políticas Públicas para a Inserção da Geração Fotovoltaica. 2009.
FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Rüther. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de
Pessoal de Nível Superior.
Ongoing:
Luis Carlos Macedo Blasques. Configurações Ótimas de Sistemas Híbridos para Geração de
Eletricidade Utilizando Fontes Renováveis: Contribuições ao Processo de Universalização do Acesso e
Uso da Energia Elétrica. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. João Tavares Pinho.
Heliana Maria Ceballos Aguilar. Estudo de uma edificação autônoma e eficiente, usada como
laboratório de energias renováveis e eficiência energética. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. João
Tavares Pinho.
Francisco Xavier Lima da Silva. Desenvolvimento de Metodologia para Inserção de Tópicos
sobre Fontes Renováveis de Energia e Eficiência Energética nos Currículos Escolares de Ensino
Fundamental, Médio e Técnico. GEDAE/UFPA. Supervisor: Prof. João Tavares Pinho.
Ricardo da Silva Benedito. Regulamentação e comercialização da energia produzida por
sistemas fotovoltaicos conectados à rede de baixa tensão. Beginning: 2010. LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor:
Prof. Roberto Zilles.
André Ricardo Mocelin. Critérios de decisão para utilização de SIGFI ou mini-redes com
acoplamento CA para atendimento de comunidades isoladas. Beginning: 2009. LSF/IEE/USP.
Supervisor: Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Daniel de Magalhães Rosa. Potabilização de água em sistemas fotovoltaicos de bomebamento
com o uso de variadores de velocidade e osmise reversa. Beginning: 2008. LSF/IEE/USP. Supervisor:
Prof. Roberto Zilles.
Clarissa Debiazi Zomer. Efeitos do sombreamento no desempenho de geradores solares
fotovoltaicos integrados a edificaçõs urbanas e conectados à rede elétrica pública. Beginning: 2010.
FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Rüther. Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de
Pessoal de Nível Superior.
Isis Portolan dos Santos. Análise da irradiação solar nas regiões brasileiras e suas implicações na
contribuição da geração solar fotovoltaica na rede elétrica pública. Beginning: 2009.
FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Rüther.
Helena Flávia Naspolini. Avaliação do potencial da agregação da energia solar térmica para fins
de aquecimento de água para o banho humano em núcleos habitacionais de baixa renda. Beginning:
2008. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Supervisor: Prof. Ricardo Rüther.
César W.M. Prieb. LABSOL/UFRGS. Supervisor: Prof. Arno Krenzinger.
Alexandre J. Buhler. LABSOL/UFRGS. Supervisor: Prof. Arno Krenzinger.
Giuliano A. Rampinelli. LABSOL/UFRGS. Supervisor: Prof. Arno Krenzinger.
Rafael Haag. LABSOL/UFRGS. Supervisor: Prof. Arno Krenzinger.
Fabiano Perin Gasparin. LABSOL/UFRGS. Supervisor: Prof. Arno Krenzinger.
Post-Doctor Students:
Finished:
Carlos Driemeier. Refrigeração com sistemas fotovoltaicos para pequenas comunidades isoladas.
FAPESP. LSF/IEE/USP, 2009.
Ongoing:
Priscila Braun. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Beginning: 2010.
Isabel Tourinho Salamoni. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC. Beginning: 2009.
Secondary School Students:
Finished:
Roanyta de Nazaré Bittencourt Corrêa. GEDAE/UFPA.
Maciel da Silva Macedo. GEDAE/UFPA.
Ongoing:
André Marques da Silva. GEDAE/UFPA.
Bruna Adrieli da Silva Lima. GEDAE/UFPA.
Carla Marielle Martins de Miranda.TEMA/UFPA
Edevaldo Batista de Souza Junior. GEDAE/UFPA.
Fernanda Karoliny Oliveira Santos. GEDAE/UFPA.
Hyago Luan da Silva. GEnerAl/IFSC.
Jonas Campelo Pinheiro. GEDAE/UFPA.
Josue Calebe das Neves Silva. GEDAE/UFPA.
Leonan Santos dos Santos. TEMA/UFPA.
Matheus Bento Pessoa. GEnerAl/IFSC.
Roberta Ferreira da Silva. GEDAE/UFPA.
Roberta Sodre Reinaldo. TEMA/UFPA.
7. KNOWLEDGE AND TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER INDICATORS
TYPE
QUANTITY
Electronic Mockup
1
Physical Mockup
1
Software
1
Product
1
Workshop
1
Electronic mockup of the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Park, for ELETROBRAS
ELETRONORTE (figure 53).
Figure 53 – Electronic mockup of the Park and the Efficient House.
Physical mockup of the Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency Park, for ELETROBRAS
ELETRONORTE, and the Efficient House of the Park. GEDAE/UFPA. (figure 54)
Figure 54 – Physical mockup of the Park.
Software RADIASOL2
Figure 55 – Interfaces of the software RADIASOL2 developed in 2009 to sintesize solar radiation and
air temperature data series in an hourly basis for Brazil. LABSOL/UFRGS. (www.solar.ufrgs.br).
Power conditioning system for PV pumping systems
Figure 56 – Power conditioning for PV pumping systems. LSF/USP.
(http://lsf.iee.usp.br/lsf/index.php).
Promotion of a Workshop on Photovoltaic Systems for Grid-Connection and Isolated Minigrids,
on February 10th-11th, 2010, in Belém, Pará. GEDAE/UFPA, LSF/USP, FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC,
LABSOL/UFRGS, ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE.
Figure 57 – Pictures of the workshop. (www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea).
8. EDUCATION AND SCIENCE DIFFUSION INDICATORS
TYPE
QUANTITY
Technical Visit
> 12*
Educational Kit
5
Educational Booklet
9
Educational Apostille
3
Seminar
1
International Course
2
Congress
1
* More than a dozen visits to GEDAE/UFPA have been made by students of different schools
from Belém. Figure 58 shows pictures of one of them, made by Colégio Ipiranga.
Figure 58 – Pictures of one technical visit at GEDAE/UFPA.
Educational kit about the Sun’s Apparent Movement. GEDAE/UFPA, ELETROBRAS
ELETRONORTE.
Educational
ELETRONORTE.
kit
about
Photovoltaic
Generation.
GEDAE/UFPA,
ELETROBRAS
Educational kit about Photovoltaic Water Pumping. GEDAE/UFPA, ELETROBRAS
ELETRONORTE.
Educational kit about Wind Generation. GEDAE/UFPA, ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE.
Educational kit
ELETRONORTE.
about
Booklet about
ELETRONORTE.
the
Small
Sun’s
Hydroelectric
Apparent
Plants.
Movement.
GEDAE/UFPA,
ELETROBRAS
GEDAE/UFPA,
ELETROBRAS
Booklet about Photovoltaic Generation. GEDAE/UFPA, ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE.
Booklet about Photovoltaic Water Pumping. GEDAE/UFPA, ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE.
Booklet about Wind Generation. GEDAE/UFPA, ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE.
Booklet about Small Hydroelectric Plants. GEDAE/UFPA, ELETROBRAS ELETRONORTE.
Booklet about Energy Efficiency for Primary School Students. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC.
Booklet about Energy Efficiency for Secondary School Students. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC.
Booklet about Renewable Energies for Primary School Students. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC.
Booklet about Renewable Energies for Secondary School Students. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC.
Apostille about Energy Efficiency for Primary School Teachers. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC.
Apostille about Energy Efficiency for Secondary School Teachers. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC.
Apostille about Renewable Energies for Primary School Teachers. FOTOVOLTAICA/UFSC.
Seminar for Secondary School Students. 1º Seminário Estudantil de Energias Renováveis e
Eficiência Energética. 29/04/2010 (approximately 300 students in the morning and 600 in the
afternoon). ALL GROUPS.
Figure 59 – Pictures of the seminar. (www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea).
OLADE CURSO CAPEV 07-2009 “Tendencias Tecnológicas y Aplicaciones de Sistemas
Fotovoltaicos, 2009. LSF/USP.
OLADE CURSO “Las Fuentes Renovables de Energía: Tecnologías y Vinculación con las
Políticas Públicas. LSF/USP.
Promotion of the III Congresso Brasileiro de Energia Solar, on September 21st-24th, 2010, in
Belém, Pará. ALL GROUPS.
9. OTHER FORMS OF PUBLIC DIFFUSION OF PROJECT RESULTS
Other forms of diffusion of the obtained results and other information, such as videos, booklets,
manuals, speeches, and interviews, are the websites of INCT-EREEA (www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea) and its
member groups. The links to the webpages of all member groups is given in the page.
Interview with Prof. João Tavares Pinho and Architect Heliana Maria Ceballos Aguilar
(members of GEDAE), and Eng. Armando Tupiassú (CELPA) in the Program “UFPA Pesquisa”.
Rádio Web UFPA. Sep. 24th, 2009 (www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea).
Interview with Prof. João Tavares Pinho in the Program “Em Sua Companhia”. TV RBA. April
22nd, 2009 (www.ufpa.br/inct-ereea).
Participation of Prof. João Tavares Pinho in the Program “Tô Sabendo Mais” about Energy
Matrices. TV Cultura. May 22nd, 2010 (www.tosabendomais.com.br/portal/).
10. PHYSICAL INSTALLATIONS AND IMPROVEMENTS IMPLANTED IN THE
INSTITUTE’S HEADQUARTERS AND ITS ASSOCIATED LABORATORIES
In July 2010 the Laboratory of Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency of GEDAE and
INCT-EREEA Headquarters was inaugurated. Before that date the group had an area of only 184 m2
located in the building of the Laboratory of Electrical Engineering to accommodate all its members
and develop its activities. Presently, the already constructed parto f the building hás approximately 800
m2, and there is a prevision of expanding this area to 1,200 m2. Besides that area, the group counts
with na external área of approximately 12,000 m2, reserved for research, tests, and capacity building.
Figures 60 and 61 show the inauguration and some views of the entrance.
Figure 60 – Inauguration of the Laboratory of Renewable Energies and Energy Efficiency of GEDAE
and INCT-EREEA Headquarters.
Figure 61 – External and internal views of the entrance hall of the Laboratory.
In the new building, the different areas of activity of GEDAE have their own exclusive space,
such as the Laboratory of Solar Energy, Laboratory of Wind Energy, Laboratory of Energy Efficiency,
Laboratory of Energy Quality, and Laboratory of Environmental Comfort, each with an area of
approximately 50 m2.
In the external area, some equipment hás already been installed, such as an individual PV system
for isolated homes, a PV water pumping system, and a 700 W wind turbine. Figure 62 show some of
the equipment installed in the external area.
Figure 62 – Some of the equipment installed in the external area of GEDAE/UFPA.
Many new instruments have been also bought for the different laboratories. Figure 63 shows a
view of the laboratory of environmental comfort and some of its equipment.
Figure 63 – Internal view of the laboratory of environment comfort and some of its equipment.
As for the group GRHAMA, whose laboratory is being renovated, the main improvements were
the acquisition of equipment such as computers, audio-visual aids, a printer, an ADCP, a tide gauge
station, a flow probe, and a workstation.
At TEMA, a laboratory was created, related to the activities of INCT-EREEA (figure 64).
Figure 64 – Laboratory of simulation and control of processes at TEMA.
LSF/IEE/USP, after the beginning of the activities of INCT-EREEA has planned a stronger
insertion for capacity building in the area of hybrid systems in minigrids to supply small isolated
communities. In this sense, it has enlarged its physical installations with funds from FINEP and ANP.
Figure 65 shows the laboratory infrastructure mounted for training students in this field.
Figure 65 – Infrastructure for research and capacity building in hybrid systems at LSF.
Improvements in the FOTOVOLTAICA’s team infrastructure included the acquisition of two
colour laser printers, as well as part of the teleconferencing infrastructure being installed at
FOTOVOLTAICA, which will allow for better communication capabilities and a reduction in the
travelling requirements for meetings and R&D discussions with other members of INCT-EREEA.
More recently, the FOTOVOLTAICA team received a substantial research grant (funding of R$
2.100.000,00) from the Ministry of Science and Technology – MCT, to build a new 680m2 building,
which will house one of the two research and human resources training centre dedicated to solar
energy funded by that Ministry in Brazil (“Centros Integrados Multiusuário de capacitação de recursos
humanos e desenvolvimento de aplicações da energia solar fotovoltaica no Brasil – Unidade Sul”). The
second centre, which will be hosted by INCT-EREEA’s leader group at Universidade Federal do Pará,
is expected to be granted funding shortly.
During the year 2009 a climatized chamber to perform tests with PV modules at the standard test
conditions with natural sun was mounted in LABSOL/UFRGS. This improvement allowed the
realization of faster and more reliable tests, as can be seen in the references of published works. This
installation was very often used in 2009 and 2010, mainly to test módulos being used in the research
projects (combined resources from FINEP and CNPq). To analyse the temperature distribuition in PV
arrays and to observe possible defects in PV modules, a thermographic camera was also bought
(Universal project CNPq). Figure 66 shows the chamber and the camera. With resources from INCTEREEA, LABSOL acquired 1 laser printer, 1 Notebook Sony Vaio, and 2 computers DESKTOP,
which have been used by the laboratory members in their research activities and presentations.
Figure 66 – Climatized chamber for tests with PV modules and Thermographic camera Thermocom
v52.
The GEnerAl research group is linked to the Refrigeration and Climatization area of IF-SC, and
it has its own place located on top of the building of Campus São José / IF-SC. This place was planned
to house experimental and educational setups of solar energy applications. Also, GEnerAl shares the
use of other laboratories, whose equipments are appropriated for HVAC applications. Among the main
equipment, the temperature controlled testing chamber with two environments that allow performance
tests of HVAC equipments can be highlighted. Figure 67 shows the outdoor area for testing solar
energy equipments and the test chamber.
Figure 67 – External area at GEnerAl and test chamber.
11. OTHER RELEVANT ASPECTS OF THE GENERAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE
PROJECTS
The creation of INCT-EREEA and the start of its Building Projects together with the other
activities of the member groups permitted a greater approximation between the academy and the
society through the diffusion of knowledge, science, and technology. The Floating Hybrid System will
help small river communities of the Region, the webpage, although yet not completed, gave a better
visibility to GEDAE, INCT-EREEA and its other member groups. This can be easily seen when one
compares the requests for speeches, technical visits and participation in science fairs, before and after
the publication of the webpage.
The Laboratory of Environment Comfort is part of a national network on energy efficiency in
buildings and is preparing the project to be certified by the program “Etiqueta Nacional de
Conservação de Energia – ENCE”.
At the souteastern region of the state Pará, during many decades, there was an indiscriminated
lumber extraction and commercialization. The lumber companies, especially the sawmills, spread all
over the region and produced huge quantities of lumber residues, which cause serious environmental
and health problems, such as the extintion of small water streams, which were silted by residue
deposition. Projects such as the one developed for Comunidade Santo Antônio, in Breves, mentioned
before in this report, or the use of gasifiers, can help solve this problem, by giving a better and usefull
final destination to the residues.
A very important observation is that, despite having one of the largest solar energy potentials in
the world, Brazil is still making little use of this substantial and benign renewable energy resource. The
establishment of INCT-EREEA can be considered as a very important step in bringing solar energy
technologies to mainstream in Brazil. R&D and dissemination activities carried out by the various
teams integrating INCT-EREEA span from mapping of the solar energy resources, to a number of
applications of photovoltaic and thermal solar energy technologies.
12. ROLE OF THE INCT-EREEA IN THE FORMATION OF THE RESEARCH NETWORK
It it important to highlight the necessity of having a central base for promotion and diffusion of
appropriate actions for the development of research and application of renewable energy sources in the
Amazon Region, especially when this can bring a lot of help to minimize the social distances between
brazilian big cities and the isolated small villages in the Amazon. INCT-EREEA presents a reaction to
this situation, and can be seen as a government attitude to minimize the problems of the region, since
there is no development without energy.
The creation of INCT-EREEA formalized and intensified the interaction and the production of
old partners (GEDAE, LSF, FOTOVOLTAICA, LABSOL, and EBMA) through recent projects and
student exchange, and created new links with other groups, such as TEMA, GRHAMA and GEnerAl,
building a very important and efficient network for research, development, and science and technology
diffusion. Interaction with other research networks, such as SIBRATEC, “Rede de Energia Renovável
e Eficiência Energética do Estado do Pará” and the “Rede de Eficiência Energética em Edificações” of
Procel/Eletrobras, was also acomplished.
So, INCT-EREEA is providing the boundary conditions which were not available for the better
use of the potencialities of the member groups. During this period of a little more than one and a half
year of effective activity, the affinities and complementarities between the member groups could be
verified. There has been a student interchange between groups of the northern and south western
regions, both for post-graduation studies and for working in the common projects of INCT-EREEA. It
also started links with other countries, recently established during the III Congresso Brasileiro de
Energia Solar.
It is worth noting the recognition of INCT-EREEA in the “Termo de Referencia da Encomenda
Vertical” lauched by FINEP for the “Desenvolvimento de Competências em Geração Distribuída com
Sistemas Fotovoltaicos Conectados à Rede Elétrica de Baixa Tensão”. One of the member groups of
INCT-EREEA (LSF) was chosen by FINEP to coordinate and carry out the project and included three
other member groups as partners for the execution of the project as a research network. The total
amount of financial resources destinated for this project is R$ 4,800,000.00 (approximately US$
2,800,000.00). This situation reveals the catalization potencial of efforts and competences. Also to
mention is the increase of the capacity of obtaining financial resources from the financing agencies. In
the Edict 05/2010 of CNPq for Laboratory Infrastructure three member groups of INCT-EREEA had
their applications approved.
INCT-EREEA has provided excellent opportunities to put together different research groups and
has created a good environment for knowledge exchange. Complementarities between the groups open
space for collaboration in the technological development. One example of this kind of collaboration is
the development of ice production equipments for isolated communities (figure 68). This equipment
was originally conceived by the LSF/IEE-USP and will be improved in partnership with GEnerAl/IFSC, combining the photovoltaic expertise of one group with the refrigeration knowledge of the other.
The basic idea is to improve the performance of an existent equipment optimizing the component
sizing and using the rejected electric energy in an auxiliary cooling system.
Figure 68 – PV Ice machine prototype.
INCT-EREEA and INCT-MC have common R&D interests in the area of solar energy resource
assessment, and are collaborating closely in this area. One Ph.D. thesis was recently completed in this
area, with a considerable component of the research being carried out at Instituto Nacional de
Pesquisas Espaciais – INPE, which hosts INCT-MC. GEnerAl has also worked in cooperation with the
INCT for Climate Changes, particularly with the researchs of the Renewable Energies subproject. This
cooperation includes the development of models to estimate the solar energy resources and its use to
create scenarios for large scale use of different solar energy applications.
As previously mentioned, the establishment of INCT-EREEA has also allowed for a more
consistent, constant and closer contact between its members, as travel and accommodation funds are
available to allow for students and staff travels, and a teleconference infrastructure is being set up with
INCT-EREEA’s funding to further facilitate communication and interaction in this new network.
INCT-EREEA has thus nucleated a network of researchers in the area of solar energy that already had
collaboration ties, but which was not formally established, and it is expected that this network will lead
to considerable advances in RD&D in solar energy in Brazil.
Finally, all member groups of INCT-EREEA have presented growth by means of approval and
development of projects, which directly contribute to the improvement of their physical infrastructures,
the scientific and technical publications, the capacitation of personal, among others.