Lecture 1

Bose-Einstein Condensation :
production, fundaments and modern aspects
V.S.Bagnato
ISFC/USP
T > Tc
T < Tc
Lecture I
T << Tc
BEC - LABORATORY
Edmir
Jorge
Pedro
Cora
Emanuel
Rafael
Freddy
Rodrigo
Mônica
Kilvia
G. Roati ( Italy )
V. Yukalov ( Russia)
www.ifsc.usp.br
cepof.ifsc.usp.br
[email protected]
[email protected]
RESEARCH
INNOVATION
www.cepof.ifsc.usp.br
SCIENCE
DIFFUSION
RESEARCH
ATOMIC
PLASMONIC
BIOPHOTONICS
BASIC - APPLIED
Recife
Araraquara
Fortaleza
Salvador
Campinas
Goiânia
São Carlos
Joinville
Rio de
Janeiro e
Dourados
Ribeirao
Preto
Brazilian Atomic Fountain
Diode Laser
Driver
Optical
Bench
Control
and
Acquisition
Vacuum
Chamber
Microwave
Synthesizer
1D cold collisions
Photonic Molecules
Cancer diagnostic and
treatment
Photo-methabolic Experimental Photodynamic
control
effects
Laser in dentistry
Instrumentation
DIFFUSION OF SCIENCE
Painéis interativos
Atinge
anualmente cerca
de 10.000 alunos,
nas regiões de
São Carlos e da
Região
Metrolopitana de
São Paulo
Profa. Dra. Wilma Barrionuevo
Coordenadora do Projeto
folder4
versao finalfev2008_figura.jpg
Educando pela TV
17% dos
assinantes da
NET assistem
o Canal 20
Aula de Física,
com Prof. Bagnato
Horário
Programação
08:00
Conhecendo São Carlos
09:00
10:00
Na Trilha dos Cientistas – Santos
Dumont
Programa Nossa Gente
11:00
Nanotecnologia
12:00
Ciência Divertida: Graham Bell
17:00
Ciência ao Entardecer
18:00
Genoma e Células-Tronco
23:00
Aulas de Física: Eletricidade
Marcel Firmino, Brás José Kleber Chicrala
Muniz e Anderson Muniz
Grupo de Óptica
Grupo OPTO
DMC
OTICA
ON LINE
KONDOR
TEC
ARTEC
CEMAPO
EYETEC
MM
OPTICS
APRAMED
DL-Direct
Light
Testes do semáforo plano
Testes da
sinalização
Testes do retrofit convencional e a
LEDs
Sistemas a base de LEDs para uso
clínico terapêutico em lesões de pele em
pacientes humanos e animais.
Tecnologia transferida
para MM Optics
BEC
Lectures:
1)
The importance of BEC. Basic concepts for BEC
2) Interactions in BEC
3) How to make BEC? Thermodynamics
4) Coherent modes : equivalence with quantum optics
5) Superfluidity aspects: vortices, turbulence and more
I - General
considerations
ENTANGLEMENT IN PHYSICS
OPTICS
ATOMIC PHYS.
CONDENSED
MATTER
BEC
LASERS
MAGNETISM.
FLUIDS
LOW T PHYSICS
STAT. PHYS.
BEC exists at the confluence of many fields
Thermodynamics : phase transition ( gas new state)
Quantum Mechanics : coherent waves of matter
Statistical Mechanics: more than one atom per phase
space cell
Field Theory: spontaneous breaking of symmetry
Atomic physics: new demonstration of atomic
behavior
Nuclear physics: few body effects
Superfluidity : vortex, etc…..
Condense Matter : transitions, Mott isolator, etc..
Optics : new tools to manipulate atoms and more….
The state-of-art of quantum-degenerated bosonic systems
Bose-Einstein
CONDENSATE
ULTRA-COLD MATTER
Classical → Quantum
CHANGE IN THE MACROSCOPIC BEHAVIOR
“normal” light → “Laser”
BEC
De Broglie wavelength
Phase space density
3
.n~D
n-1/3
BEC
D~1
300K,
D~10-12
30uK,
D~10-6
300nK,
D~ 1
T ~0 ,
D~106
Cooling a confined sample in a non homogeneous potential
of neutral atoms takes to BEC
It is the only phase transition that Does not need interactions !!!!!!!
( conventional G=H-TS )
But interaction is the most interesting thing on it………..
INTERACTIONS
HARMONIC OSCILLATOR
Classification of the phase transition:
Ehrenfest classification: Based on the thermodynamics
“The phase transition is of nth order if at least one of the thermodynamic
variables has discontinuity on the n-derivative with respect to temperature
first order
Ginzburg-Landau : presence or not of discontinuity on the order
parameter
Second order ( continuous variation of the order parameter )