Talent Promotion Concept

Swiss Taekwondo Talent Promotion Concept
SWISS TAEKWONDO FEDERATION
Report Presented to Swiss Olympic
by
Dr. Walid YOUNES, Secretary General and Sport Director – Swiss Taekwondo Federation
Mr. Niko KRICKA, National Head Coach – Swiss Taekwondo Federation
December 2012
Swiss Taekwondo Talent Promotion Concept
Due to the limited number of the members
affiliated to the Swiss Taekwondo Federation, it is
very difficult for Swiss Taekwondo to establish an
internal challenge system between the athletes as
it is the case in other big federations elsewhere.
For a given major tournament, the national coach
selects some high performance athletes, in order
to represent the Swiss Team. It means, whatever
were the results of a given athlete, it is important
to respect certain selection criteria.
Selection Criteria:
The following figure (Fig. 1) shows the criteria
upon which selection is made for a given athlete
to participate to a given Major Taekwondo Event.
These criteria are not a determining factor for
having a Swiss Olympic Talent card. The
distribution of these Talent cards depends on the
PISTE.
Please refer to the attached appendix:
(Swiss Taekwondo_Final_Ranglistentool_PISTE_2011_def)
Fig. 1
The Selection criteria have to be respected during the whole selection pathway, and they are based on international ranking points, as well as
results obtained during the European A-Class tournaments and other major international tournaments sanctioned by the World Taekwondo
Federation.
A provisional selection for training with national team is always carried out at least 6 months prior to a major championship figuring in the
event calendar of European Taekwondo Union or World Taekwondo Federation. The selected athletes are contacted by an official written
convocation and the selection is validated after receiving a written confirmation from the athletes.
The three major selection criteria indicated in Figure 1 are indispensable but the degrees of importance are varied. In this subject, the coach’s
decision counts for 50% of the final selection, whereas the other two criteria count for 30% and 20% for completions results and training
observation, respectively. However, the 80% has to be attained for the athlete to be selected and from this 80% the coach has to give at least
40%.
In case of similar profiles and results of athletes of the same weight and age category, the screening is done according to a common decision by
the National Coach, the Sport Director and the President of the Swiss Taekwondo Federation. They integrate all aspects for selection, in a fair
way, considering that the final selection is based on who has the highest probability to win a medal.
The following illustration (Figure 2) indicates the calendar of major Taekwondo event in which the cadets, juniors and U 21 Swiss national team
is intending to participate for the year 2013.
Figure 2
Taekwondo Performance Test
For cadet, junior and Elite
Performance system Structure and Size
The following figure (Fig. 3) illustrates the structure and size of the talent performance system. The system is divided into the following age
groups: 7-11, 12-14, 15-17, U21 and Elite.
Figure 3. Taekwondo cadres Structure
Elite – High Performance
N=7
Under 21
N=3
Juniors
N = 10
Cadets
N = 12
Clubs
7
8
9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Offspring
Cadre Denomination
Cards
Elite National Cadres
S
B
E
-21 National Cadres
N
Juniors National Cadres
N
Cadets National Cadre
N
NLZ
21
22 23 24 +24 Age
Elite
T / Jan
School structure and development programme
They all start in dojang and/or clubs and have the possibility to join a special School/Sport programme. The federation is collaborating with
some specialised establishment, among which; Sport School from Bern, United School of sport in Zurich and Sport-Kultur-Studium in Biel as well
as some sport-friendly apprenticeship structures.
Up till now, when the National Coach spots a talent, who is in a school level, the technical team (Niko KRICKA & Walid YOUNES) start s to
establish contact with the athlete’s coach and parents. The parents and/or the responsible coach have the possibility to get in direct relation
with the National Coach or Sport Director to find together the optimum structure in which the talented athlete could be integrated.
The High performance training structure is offering an exchange platform with parents through the organization of annual open-door meetings
or through sending periodic information by mail to all Swiss Taekwondo affiliated Clubs.
The talented athletes could join a Regional level by integrating the RLZ. The RLZ structure could then introduce their selected talented athletes
to the national level, including cadets and juniors and Elite to a lesser extent. The Dojang level in Switzerland contains around 3000 members or
participants (Popular Sport), in which 150 to 200 contestants are participating annually to the Swiss National Championship. The categories in
the Swiss national championships are: Minims, Cadets, Juniors and Seniors, for both males and females.
The high performance training structure includes 32 athletes, comprising all age categories, males and females. Elite High performance level
includes 7 athletes. Two from the Elites athletes are receiving the Silver Swiss Olympic Cards, one bronze card while the other 4 got their Elite
Swiss Olympic Cards. U 21 level includes 3 athletes with 3 National SO Cards. Some of the juniors became U21. However, we have a total of 10
juniors in the High Performance structure, only 2 of them have the National SO Cards. And the last group of cadets includes 12 athletes, but
they do not have a SO Card yet.
As illustrated in Figure 3, we do not have any local or regional SO Cards. The RLZ is a new structure, and it is not yet evaluated. We hope that by
the end of the Year 2013, the 1st RLZ structure of the Swiss Taekwondo Federation in Basel well follow an evaluation process and the results will
be given to Swiss Olympic. According to this future evaluation, we could decide to renew this RLZ structure or even giving a chance to other
new RLZ structures in the other two geographical areas.
This pathway is well illustrated in the next pathway diagram (Fig. 4).
Figure 4
NLZ Magglingen
Coordination
Athletic
Physical
Technique
Tactics
Table 1. Talent Promotion Concept for the Swiss National Team – Swiss Taekwondo Federation
Kids
Minim
Cadets
5-7 Years
8-11 Years
12-14 Years
Training intensity
U 21
Under 21 Years
Elite
Over 21 Years
6th Kup Blue Belt
Basic Techniques
Let them PLAY
4th Kup Blue Belt
Basic Techniques
Foot work
Endurance contest
2nd Kup Red Belt
Basic & Advanced Techniques
Special Foot work
Competition techniques
Endurance contest
Let them FIGHT
1st Poom Black Belt
Basic & Advanced Techniques
Competition techniques
Golden point scenario
Multi-player contests
Contest rules
1st Dan and Higher
Advanced Techniques
Individual Personalized Tech’s
Drilling Situations
Golden point scenario
Contest rules
1st Dan and higher
Advanced Techniques
Individual Personalized Tech’s
Drilling Situations
Golden point scenario
Contest rules
See following document
See following document
See following document
See following document
See following document
See following document
Supervised training
3 to 6 Hours/week
2~3 to 4 trainings/week
6 to 10 Hours/week
3 to 5 trainings/week
Including: 1 non-supervised training
per week, Based on Conditions &
Stretching.
Including: 1~2 non-supervised training
per week, Based on Conditions &
Stretching & Core training.
Including: 2 non-supervised trainings
per week, Based on Conditions &
Stretching, Core training & Strengthing
exercises.
Including: 2~3 non-supervised trainings
per week, Based on Conditions &
Stretching, Core training, Strengthing
exercises, TKD Techniques & analyses.
Including: 3 non-supervised trainings
per week, Based on Conditions &
Stretching, Core training, Strengthing
exercises, TKD Techniques & analyses.
Based on 10 months/Year
120-240 Hours
Based on 10 months/Year
240-400 Hours
Club meeting, Interclub sparing
National Championships
International Clubs Sparing
Interclub
sparing,
Championships,
Championships,
Participation in championships for this
category is based not only on age but
also the belt colour.
Participation in championships for this
category is based not only on age but
also the belt colour.
10 to 14 Hours/week
5 to 7 trainings/week
1~2 training/weekend
2 weeks ends/month
Based on 10 months/Year
400-560 Hours
Personalized training plan
Win/loss situation
Time lag management
Weight management
Repeated tournaments
Mental Training
National Championships
European Championships
International Championships
Youth Olympic Tournaments
12 to 18 Hours/week
6 to 10 trainings/week
1~2 training/weekend
2 weeks ends/month
Based on 11 months/Year
530-800 Hours
Personalized training plan
Win/loss situation
Time lag management
Weight management
Repeated tournaments
Mental Training
National Championships
European Championships
International Championships
Youth Olympic Tournaments
Universiade
16 to 22 Hours/week
8 to 12 trainings/week
2~3 training/weekend
2 weeks ends/month
Based on 11 months/Year
700-1000 Hours
Personalized training plan
Win/loss situation
Time lag management
Weight management
Repeated tournaments
Mental Training
National Championships
European Championships
International Championships
Olympic Tournaments
Universiade - Military Games
Individual Competition
2 to 3 Hours/week
2 to 3 trainings/week
Personal
Mental
Based on 10 months/Year
80-120 Hours
Club meeting, Interclub sparing
Participation in championships for this
category is based not only on age but
also the belt colour.
Competition
Junior
15-17
National
European
National team with only black belt.
National team with only black belt.
International Championships
National team with only black belt.
Awar
eness
Sport
School
Career
Medical
National team with only black belt.
Obligatory School
Obligatory School
Career awareness
Obligatory School
Future prospective
Career (Sensibilisation)
Fairness and Friendship
Fairness and Friendship
Fair play & Sport Ethics
Competitions Rules
Annual Check
Supplementary advice
Accidents prevention
Annual Check
Supplementary advice
Accidents prevention
Sport/School Coordination
Special Education Programme
National Training Centre
RLZ and Dojang support
Anti-doping Procedures
Nutrition
Sport/Professional
coordination
Military sport
University Sport
Anti-doping Procedures
Nutrition
Career
Annual Check
Supplementary advice
High Performance diagnostics
Physiotherapy
Accidents prevention
Athletes support system and
career planning provided recently
by Swiss Olympic
Military sport career
Anti-doping Procedures
Nutrition
Sports Science & medicine
Die Athletische Entwicklung eines Taekwondo-Kämpfers
5-7 jährig
• Ausdauer mit spielerischem Charakter – kurze und mittlere Belastungen dann wieder lohnende Erholungspausen.
• Schnelligkeit und ihre Unterfaktoren und Koordination stehen im Zentrum der Ausbildung.
• Krafttraining ist immer als koordinative Herausforderung zu gestalten. Dabei gilt es das Eigengewicht gezielt einzusetzen.
• Spielformen mit Sprüngen in die Belastung integrieren.
• Die Beweglichkeit von Kindern durch weit ausladende Bewegungen – Flexibilität – bis zum maximalen Bewegungsumfang
aufrechterhalten. Das klassische, statische «Stretching» ist nicht kindsgerecht (U12) und macht somit wenig Sinn. Dehnen wird durch
Flexibilität in der Dynamik trainiert.
8-11 jährig
• Ausdauer mit intermittierendem Charakter – kurze und intensive Belastungen dann wieder längere Erholungspausen.
• Schnelligkeit und ihre Unterfaktoren und Koordination stehen im Zentrum der Ausbildung.
• Krafttraining ist immer als koordinative Herausforderung zu gestalten. Mit einfachen Hilfsmitteln (z.B. Besenstiel für die Reisskniebeugen)
• Aktivitäten mit hohen Belastungen auf die Knochen in die Lektion integrieren – alle möglichen Hüpfformen (Springseil, etc.).
• Dynamisches Rumpfkrafttraining in die Lektionen integrieren.
• Die Beweglichkeit von Kindern durch weit ausladende Bewegungen – Flexibilität – bis zum maximalen Bewegungsumfang
aufrechterhalten. Das klassische, statische «Stretching» ist nicht kindsgerecht (U12) und macht somit wenig Sinn. Dehnen wird durch
Flexibilität in der Dynamik trainiert.
12-14 jährig
• Die Kinder sind aufnahmefähig für hohe Trainierbarkeit (Schnelligkeit, Kraft und Ausdauer).
• Ausdauer mit intermittierendem Charakter – kurze und intensive Belastungen, dann wieder längere Erholungspausen. Bei den
Belastungen werden nebst Laufformen auch schon Schnelligkeitsübungen, Springseilformen oder Kräftigungsübungen verwenden.
• Das Schnelligkeitstraining verfolgt das Prinzip: «schnell und präzise».
• Sprungformen werden als Elemente des Schnellkrafttrainings benützt –Leistungsentwicklung soll erreicht werden (höher, weiter und
kürzere Bodenkontaktzeiten).
• Das Krafttraining ist funktionell und berücksichtigt das Prinzip des Muskelschlingentrainings (intermuskuläre Koordination). Präzise
koordinative Kraftbewegungen werden gelernt.
• Nebst der dymamischen Rumpfkraft wird auch das Core Training in die Einheiten integriert mit dem Ziel der Erhöhung der
Rumpfstabilität (z.B. Sypoba, Slingtraining, usw.).
• Das Jahr wird bereits etwas durchgeplant. Ferien werden teilweise für intensiveres Training benützt. Die Spieler werden auf
Turnierhöhepunkte technisch, taktisch und auch konditionell vorbereitet.
15-17 jährig
• Der Begriff «repeated sprint ability» (RSA) oder auch «high intensity training» (HIT) als Teilformen des intermittierenden Trainings
werden wichtige Trainingsformen für die taekwondo Ausdauer.
• Die anderen Intensitätsstufen (extensiv und intensiv) sind noch immer Bestandteile des Ausdauertrainings. Ausschöpfen der VO2max
(oder vitesse aerobie maximale – VMA) ist ein Ziel des Ausdauertrainings.
• Durch die neu zur Verfügung stehende Kraft bekommt die Schnelligkeit einen zusätzlichen Aspekt. Es geht nun darum die «Stopp and
Go»-Bewegungen mit der Kraft, sprich Schnellkraft, zu verbinden und damit eine zusätzliche Leistungssteigerung zu erreichen.
Koordinativtechnisch effizientes Laufen (Beinarbeit) muss mit den physischen Fertigkeiten (Schnelligkeit/Schnellkraft) harmonisch
verlaufen.
• Das Krafttraining ist aufgeteilt in drei Bereiche:
•
Prophylaxentraining
•
Leistungssteigerung (Querschnittstraining).
•
«functional training» (intermuskuläre Koordination, generell und orientiert).
•
Rumpfstabilisation.
U21
• Der Sportler ist nun Athlet und kann in allen Bereichen intensiv belastet werden.
• Die Zielausrichtung «Ausdauer der Schnellkraft», «Ausdauer der Schnelligkeit», «Ausdauer der Explosivität» wird angepeilt. Die
Harmonisierung der Athletik mit der Koordination und Effizienz ist ein weiteres Ziel.
• Das Ausdauertraining beschränkt sich fast ausschliesslich auf taekwondospezifische Intervall-Einheiten.
• Es geht darum, koordinativ präziser zu werden und über einen längeren Zeitraum effizient zu bleiben.
• Die Planung und Periodisierung bestimmen die Trainingsinhalte. Es wird in Themen- und Aufbaublöcken gearbeitet, die langfristigen
Zielsetzungen werden verfolgt.
• Die Tages- und Wochenbelastung muss mit dem Trainerteam abgesprochen werden. Erholungstage (24h) innerhalb einer Trainingswoche
(5–6 Tage) sind nötig.
• Anstelle von zweiphasigem Training sollen auch Tage mit einer längeren Einheit (mehr als 3h) eingesetzt werden.
• Regelmässig präventive Physio-Checks können grössere Verletzungen verhindern.
Elite
• Der Athlet kann in allen Bereichen intensiv belastet werden.
• Die Harmonisierung der Athletik mit der Koordination und Effizienz ist das wichtigste Ziel.
• Das Ausdauertraining beschränkt sich ausschliesslich auf taekwondospezifische Intervall-Einheiten.
• Zu Regeneration werden Ausdauereinheiten im Bereich unter 1.5mm/mol (30-60Minuten) in die Trainingsplanung eingebaut.
• Es geht darum, koordinativ präziser zu werden und über einen längeren Zeitraum effizient zu bleiben.
• Die Planung und Periodisierung bestimmen die Trainingsinhalte. Es wird in Themen- und Aufbaublöcken gearbeitet, die langfristigen
Zielsetzungen werden verfolgt.
• Die Tages- und Wochenbelastung muss mit dem Trainerteam abgesprochen werden. Erholungstage (24h) innerhalb einer Trainingswoche
(5–6 Tage) sind nötig.
• Anstelle von zweiphasigem Training sollen auch Tage mit einer längeren Einheit (mehr als 3h) eingesetzt werden.
• Regelmässig präventive Physio-Checks können grössere Verletzungen verhindern.
Swiss Taekwondo Competition System
The purpose of the Competition Rules is to manage fairly and smoothly all matters pertaining to competitions of all levels to be promoted and/or
organized by the WTF, Continental Unions and Member National Associations, ensuring the application of standardized rules. According to the
World Taekwondo Federation competition rules (WTF), any Member National Association wishing to modify some or any part of the Competition
Rules must first gain the prior approval of the WTF. In the case that a Continental Union and/or a Member National Association violates WTF
Competition Rules without prior approval of the WTF, the WTF may exercise its discretion to disapprove or revoke its approval of the concerned
international tournament.
The most updated World Taekwondo Federation Competition Rules are present for download at the following web site:
http://www.wtf.org/wtf_eng/site/rules/competition.html
The following table shows the weight categories for males and females, for cadets (10 Weight classes), juniors (10 Weight classes) and seniors (8
Weight classes). Individual competition shall normally be between contestants in the same weight class. When necessary, adjoining weight class
may be combined to create a single classification. No contestant is allowed to participate in more than one (1) weight category in one event.
The age limit is based on the year, not on the date. For instance, for a Championship to be held on February 10, 2013, those contestants born
between January 1, 1996 and December 31, 1998 are eligible to participate as juniors, while those born between January 1, 1999 and December
31, 2001 are eligible to participate as Cadets.
The athletes of the Swiss National Team, including all age categories are participating to national and international championships. The Swiss
Taekwondo Federation is applying exactly the same rules as those of the World Taekwondo Federation. There are some differences in some
championships (National and International) where age categories are divided into beginners and advanced sub-categories according to the belt
colour. Anyway, the national team direction decided to limit the access to the training with the team for those having the 2nd Red Belt. The Swiss
Team athletes have to participate to the Swiss National Championship. This is organised once every year, in a different canton and every time
with a different club as organizer. It is mandatory for all national team athletes to participate and no exceptions are given, whatever the reason
is, except prior to major championship to prevent injuries. The National Coach and the Sport Director are responsible for these special decisions.
The duration of the contest shall be three rounds of two minutes each, with a one-minute rest period between rounds. The duration of each
round may be adjusted to 1 minute x 3 rounds, 1 minute 30 seconds x 3 rounds or 2 minutes x 2 rounds upon the decision of the Technical
Delegate for the pertinent Championships. In case of a tie score after the completion of the 3rd round, a 4th round of two minutes will be
conducted as a Golden Point overtime Round, after a one-minute rest period following the 3rd round. In case of a contest advances to a 4th round,
all scores and penalties awarded during the first three (3) rounds shall be void, and the decision shall be made only by the result of the 4th round.
The first contestant to score a point in the extra round shall be declared the winner.
In the event that neither contestant has scored a point after the completion of the 4th round, the winner shall be decided by superiority as
determined by the refereeing officials. The final decision shall be based on the criterion of superiority for the 4th round only. The initiative is
judged by technical dominance of an opponent through aggressive match management, the greater number of techniques executed the use of the
more advanced techniques both in difficulty and complexity and display of the better competition manner.
Since the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games, there have been a number of changes to the scoring system for Taekwondo. The Protector and Scoring
System (PSS) and the Instant Video Review system (IVR) have been introduced; the points scale has changed; and deduction points are now added
to the opponent’s score rather than deducted from the score of the penalized competitor. The competition is now managed by one (1) referee,
three (3) judges and a review jury. Each competitor’s score is the sum of the points scored in all three (3) rounds, taking all penalties into account.
If either competitor is given four (4) penalty deduction points, the contest is stopped and the other competitor is declared the winner.
The valid points are divided into one (1) point for a valid foot attack on trunk protector, two (2) points for a valid turning kick to trunk protector,
three (3) points for a valid kick to the head, four (4) points for a valid turning kick to the head. In the case of 12 points difference between two
athletes at the time of the completion of 2nd round and/or at any time during the 3rd round, the referee shall stop the contest and shall declare the
winner by point gap.
Source: Media Kit/Taekwondo Competition at 2012 London Olympic Game: www.wtf.org/wtf_eng/site/olymic_games/00_Olympic_main.html
Competition system shall have a positive impact on performance and development of athletes, increasing the quality and depth of talent for both
Junior and Cadet levels. All athletes will have a specific training and performance measures established by the National Coaches and the High
Performance Staff. The future events and tournaments are communicated to all the athletes at least 6 months in advance. Participation and
winning in Taekwondo competitions considered to be one the most important way to measure and to evaluate the progress and development of
the High-Performance athletes during their whole career. Athlete who wins a medal at major international competitions will receive ranking
points. The international or even the national ranking points of an athlete will give him more chance to represent the weight and age category in
case of the presence of two athletes with same age, weight and belt. The competition system allows the seeding of the top ranked athletes, in
which they will only meet at the final rounds.
Walid YOUNES & Niko KRICKA, Swiss Taekwondo Federation
Talent Promotion Concept
December 2012