the case of Lightweight Boards Chipboards vs. Li

38th LCA Discussion Forum
Innovative Technologies to reduce Resource
Use and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
–
the case of Lightweight Boards
S. Feifel, W.R. Poganietz, L. Schebek
Department of Technology-Induced Material Flows
Institute for Technology Assessment and System Analysis
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Germany
Zürich, June 19th, 2009
1 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
Chipboards vs. Lightweight boards
Chipboards consist of
Lightweight boards consist of
• more or less homogenous panels • thin cover layers (i.e. chipboards)
made of chipped wooden material • core layers made of paper
• made of fresh wood as well as
(expanded hexagon honey combs or
recycled material
corrugated card board) and
• frames
Source: www.glunz.de
Source: www.egger.com
2 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
1
Lightweight boards
• Advantages
• reduced demand for solid wood by replacing the core by
welted paper, which bases on recycled paper
• reduced demand for energy
• both should reduce GHG emissions as well as resource use
• Disadvantages
• crowding out of traditional demander of recycled paper (i.e.
paper and print industry)
• increased demand for solid wood to substitute recycled
paper by the paper industry
3 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
Chipboards vs. Lightweight boards –
Resource Use
Example: 25 mm thickness
Chipboard
Lightweight
board
Change
0.343 m3/m3
0.110 m3/m3
-68.0%
0 kg/m3
54.8 kg/m3
n.a.
Energy
1,530 MJ/m3
666 MJ/m3
-56.5%
Board
1.00 kg
0.43 kg
-57.0%
Selected
items
Solid wood
Waste paper
4 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
2
Model – CarboMoG
CarboMoG ~ Carbon Flow Model of Germany
• is a material flow model,
• focussing on the German carbon system,
• contains 215 single material and energy flows and 175
processes
• base year 2000
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
5 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
Model – CarboMoG
Atmosphere
electricity
fuel
gas
fuels
electricity
oil
Energy
Traffic &
Transport
crude oil
gas
electricity
fuels
minerals
Industry
Oil
extraction
Import /
Export
gas
Private
electricity
Households
&
Consumption
Coal
Gas
Mining
Mining
C01
Onshore oil
electricity
process
emissions
crude oil
oil
Agriculture
&
Forestry CO2
emissions
hard
coal
brown
coal
Waste
gas
treatment
minerals
Anthroposphereheat
CH4
heavy
fuel oil
C20
Boiler heavy fuel
Lithosphere
oil
NMHC
dust
Germany
6 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
3
Scenarios: quantities of Lightweight
boards
Estimation of quantities produced boards in two dimensions
(thickness) based on:
– German furniture production statistics
– replaceable amount of board per furniture type/group
Scenario ‚Trend slim‘:
1.97 m m³ chipboard
20.9 % of produced amount in Germany
15.2 % thickness 16 mm; 5.7 % thickness 38 mm
Scenario ‚Trend gross‘:
2.36 m m³ chipboard
25.1 % of produced amount in Germany
12.2 % thickness 16 mm; 12.8 % thickness 38 mm
7 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
Results: Comparing the two scenarios
‚Trend slim‘
‚Trend gross‘
Production of chipboard
- 21 %
- 25 %
Electric energy
- 1 PJ
- 1.3 PJ
Round wood demand
- 22 %
- 27 %
Industrial wood demand
- 10 %
- 12 %
Transports
- 1.5 m tkm
- 1.6 m tkm
CO2-Emissions
- 614 900 t
- 750 000 t
8 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
4
Conclusions
• Lightweight board could reduce
– the demand for resources
– the emissions of greenhouse gases
in Germany
• A crowding out of demander of waste paper will
happen, but – in our case – not in Germany
9 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
Thank you..
10 | S. Feifel | 38th LCA Discussion Forum | Lightweight Boards
KIT – die Kooperation von
Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe GmbH
und Universität Karlsruhe (TH)
5