Advanced Knowledge Technologies

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Advanced Knowledge Technologies
Applications
Agenda
■ Application: Content-based Retrieval
■ Architecture
■ Annotating Web Sites
♦ Microformats
♦ RDFa
■ Application: Semantic Wiki
■ Application: Job search
■ Further Applications
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Prof. Dr. Ulrich Reimer
© Prof. Dr. Ulrich Reimer, FHSG
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Agenda
■ Architecture
♦ Microformats
♦ RDFa
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Semantic Search Architecture
Information
Retrieval
NLP
Q
Sparql
Q
NLP
Instances
RDFa
HTML Pages
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Agenda
■ Architecture
♦ Microformats
♦ RDFa
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Microformats
■ Microformats are small patterns of (X)HTML to represent
commonly published things like people, events, blog posts,
reviews and tags in web pages.
■ We all know that (X)HTML is for structure & semantics, not
style.
■ Semantics are meaning.
■ Adding standard classes to an (X)HTML document we can
augment the semantics and store further information.
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(c) http://seanpatrickgriffin.com/NorthLake/Spring2009/PageDesignTwo/Tutorials/010Microformats/ppt/Microformats.ppt / [24.05.2010]
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How are they consumed?
■ Microformats are currently consumed in several ways
(not a comprehensive list):
♦ By web users
♦ By spiders
♦ By web services
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Web Users
■ Web users consume Microformats info through specialty tools
such as the Firefox Operate extension. This extension allows
users to:
♦ Add hCard & hCalendar info to Outlook.
♦ Add hCard & hCalendar info to Yahoo & Google
♦ Find Microformat addresses on Google Maps
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Web Spiders
■ Web spider or web crawlers already pick up useful information
such as email addresses.
■ Now look for spiders to pick up hCard, vCard and other
Microformat information which they will compile for use with
Web Services.
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Web Services
■ Web services are applications that collect and process
information then distribute that information to end users.
■ Examples:
♦ Stock quotes
♦ Events collection
♦ Contact info collection
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Two popular Microformats
■ hCard: is an HTML vCard which contains contact information.
■ hCalendar: capable of storing event information.
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hCard
Uses the following classes (to name a few):
■ vcard: this is the root class
■ url: a web address
■ fn: first name
■ org: organization
■ adr: an address wrapper with the following:
♦ street-address: street # and name
♦ locality: city
♦ region: state
♦ postal-code: zip
■ tel: telephone #
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hCard Example
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hCard Example Code (1)
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■ Next, you can create the CSS classes:
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hCalendar
Uses the following classes (to name a few):
■ vevent: this is the root class
■ dtstart & dtend: event start & end times
■ summary: the name of the event
■ location: the location of the event
■ description: event details
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hCalendar Example Code (1)
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Agenda
■ Architecture
♦ Microformats
♦ RDFa
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Status
■ W3C recommendation since October 14, 2008:
http://www.w3.org/TR/rdfa-syntax/
■ First proposed in 2004
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(c) http://www.techpresentations.org/Why_RDFa? [24.05.2010]
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A normal HTML page …
Joe Semantic's personal information
I work as a programmer at MegaCorp - you can contact
me at [email protected], or by phone at (101) 0101010.
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HTML source
<html>
<head>
<title>Joe Programmer's contact info</title>
<base href="http://joeprogrammer.com/contact-info.html" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Joe Semantic's personal information</h1>
<p>I work as a programmer at
<a href="http://megacorp.com">MegaCorp</a> you can contact me at
<a href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a>,
or by phone at (101)010-1010.</p>
</body>
</html>
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RDF / XML
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<rdf:RDF xmlns:contact="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">
<rdf:Description
rdf:about="http://joesemantic.com/contact-info.html">
<contact:title xml:lang="en">programmer</contact:title>
<contact:org rdf:resource="http://megacorp.com"/>
<contact:email rdf:resource="[email protected]"/>
<contact:tel xml:lang="en">(101) 010-1010</contact:tel>
</rdf:Description>
</rdf:RDF>
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RDF/A: Combining RDF and XHTML
<html xmlns:contact="http://www.w3.org/2001/vcard-rdf/3.0#">
<head>
<title>Joe Semantic's personal information</title>
<base href="http://joesemantic.com/contact-info.html" />
</head>
<body>
<h1>Joe Semantic's personal information</h1>
<p>I work as a
<span property=”contact:title”>programmer</span>
at
<a rel="contact:org“ href="http://megacorp.com">MegaCorp</a>
- you can contact me at
<a rel="contact:email“ href="mailto:[email protected]">
[email protected]</a>, or by phone at
<span property=”contact:tel”>(101)010-1010</span>.
</p>
</body>
</html>
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Three main keywords in RDFa
■ <a rel=”predicate” href=”object”>...</a>
...defines a linked triple
■ <span property=”predicate”>object</span>
...defines an unlinked triple (literal)
■ <span about=”subject”>...</span>
...creates a subject for triples
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Example: rel
... All content on this site is licensed under <a
rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
a Creative Commons License </a>.
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(c) http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml-rdfa-primer/ [24.05.2010]
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Example: rel
... All content on this site is licensed under <a
rel="license"
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/">
a Creative Commons License </a>.
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Example: property
<div xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/">
<h2 property="dc:title">The trouble with Bob</h2>
<h3 property="dc:creator">Alice</h3>
...
</div>
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Example: property
...
</div>
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Example: about
<div about="/alice/posts/trouble_with_bob">
...
</div>
<div about="/alice/posts/jos_barbecue">
<h2 property="dc:title">Jo's Barbecue</h2>
<h3 property="dc:creator">Eve</h3>
...
</div>
...
</div>
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Example: about
...
</div>
<div about="/alice/posts/jos_barbecue">
<h2 property="dc:title">Jo's Barbecue</h2>
<h3 property="dc:creator">Eve</h3>
...
</div>
...
</div>
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Example: about (2)
The trouble with Bob is that he takes much better photos
than I do:
<div about="http://example.com/bob/photos/sunset.jpg">
<img src="http://example.com/bob/photos/sunset.jpg" />
<span property="dc:title">Beautiful Sunset</span>
by <span property="dc:creator">Bob</span>.
</div>
</div>
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Example: about (2)
The trouble with Bob is that he takes much better photos
than I do:
<div about="http://example.com/bob/photos/sunset.jpg">
<img src="http://example.com/bob/photos/sunset.jpg" />
<span property="dc:title">Beautiful Sunset</span>
by <span property="dc:creator">Bob</span>.
</div>
</div>
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Example: about (3)
...
I'm currently reading
<span about=”urn:ISBN:0-596-00027-8”>
<span property="dc:title">Programming Perl</span>
by
<span property="dc:creator">Larry Wall</span>
</span>.
...
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Example: typeof
<div typeof="foaf:Person"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/">
<p property="foaf:name"> Alice Birpemswick </p>
<p> Email: <a rel="foaf:mbox“
href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></p>
<p> Phone: <a rel="foaf:phone" href="tel:+1-617-5557332">+1 617.555.7332</a> </p>
</div>
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Example: typeof
<div typeof="foaf:Person"
xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/">
<p property="foaf:name"> Alice Birpemswick </p>
<p> Email: <a rel="foaf:mbox“
href="mailto:[email protected]">[email protected]</a></p>
<p> Phone: <a rel="foaf:phone" href="tel:+1-617-5557332">+1 617.555.7332</a> </p>
</div>
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Example: friend-of-a-friend (FOAF)
<div xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" about="#me" rel="foaf:knows">
<ul>
<li typeof="foaf:Person">
<a property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" href="http://example.com/bob">Bob</a>
</li>
<a property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" href="http://example.com/eve">Eve</a>
</li>
<a property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" href="http://example.com/manu">Manu</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
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Example: friend-of-a-friend (FOAF)
<div xmlns:foaf="http://xmlns.com/foaf/0.1/" about="#me" rel="foaf:knows">
<ul>
<a property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" href="http://example.com/bob">Bob</a>
</li>
<a property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" href="http://example.com/eve">Eve</a>
</li>
<a property="foaf:name" rel="foaf:homepage" href="http://example.com/manu">Manu</a>
</li>
</ul>
</div>
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Top 10 Web Applications
http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/top_10_semantic_web_products_of_2010p2.php
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Welcome on Board, Google, Bing and Yahoo!
http://www.schema.org
http://googleblog.blogspot.com/2011/06/introducing-schemaorg-search-engines.html [accessed 03.06.2011]
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Agenda
■ Architecture
♦ Microformats
♦ RDFa
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Motivating Example
List of countries by GDP (nominal) on Wikipedia
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(c) www.cs.rpi.edu/~baojie/pub/2010-01-10_Linkeddata.ppt [24.05.2010]
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Motivating Example
■ What if we also want
♦ List of Asian countries by GDP (nominal)
♦ List of developed countries by GDP (nominal)
♦ List of countries that has a female head of state by GDP (nominal)
■ A lot of repetition of data
■ Potential data inconsistency
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SMW is
Media Wiki + a little bit semantics
(subset of RDFS)
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SMW: a Application Workbench
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SMW Layer Cake
HaloACL
SPARQL
endpoint
... …
Semantic
Forms
Parser
Functions
Semantic
Drilldown
Variables
Semantic
Maps
Loop
Functions
Semantic
Template
Halo
... …
Semantic MediaWiki (SMW)
String
Functions
External Data
……
MediaWiki (MW)
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Semantic Annotation & Search
■ Demo: http://wiki.wirtschaft.fhnw.ch/iwiki/index.php/IWIki
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Semantic Annotation
Comparison to RDF
RDF
SMW
Class
Category pages (e.g. Category:Course)
Property
Property pages (e.g., Property:participant)
Instance
“normal” pages (e.g., Tim Berners-Lee)
A rdfs:subclassOf B
[[Category:B]] on page “Category:A”
A rdfs:subPropertyOf B
[[Subproperty of::Property:B]] on page “Property:A”
Plenty of expressivity extensions for SMW: rules, OWL meta-model, etc.
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SMW-based Application:
Show Cases
1/13/2010
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Linked Data Workshop, MIT
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1/13/2010
http://www.aifb.kit.edu/
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1/13/2010
http://www.metacafe.com/
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1/13/2010
http://taaable.fr/
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More Resources
■
Semantic-mediawiki.org
■
ASWC 2009 Tutorial: Semantic MediaWiki and Applications
http://aswc-smw-tutorial.referata.com/
■
Semantic Wiki mini-series on Ontolog:
http://ontolog.cim3.net/cgi-bin/wiki.pl?SemanticWiki
■
New progress (monthly): http://smwforum.ontoprise.com/smwforum/index.php/Category:SMW_Discussions
■
Referata.com (hosting)
■
SMWforum (smwforum.ontoprise.com)
■
SMW Camp: http://smwforum.ontoprise.com/smwforum/index.php/SMW_Camp_09
1/13/2010
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Agenda
■ Architecture
♦ Microformats
♦ RDFa
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Prof. Dr. Ulrich Reimer
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http://semanticweb.com/monster-offers-more-semantic-enabled-help-to-job-seekers-and-hr-staffers_b19673
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Agenda
■ Architecture
♦ Microformats
♦ RDFa
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Case Studies
Semantic Technology Conference
2011
http://semtech2011.semanticweb.com/programDetails.cfm?ptype=T&optionID=117&pgid=35 [07.05.2011]
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Top 10 Semantic Web Products of 2010
(see history)
http://www.readwriteweb.com/archives/top_10_semantic_web_products_of_2010.php [07.05.2011]
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Semantic Web Challenge
http://challenge.semanticweb.org/ [07.05.2011]
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Google and Metadata …
http://maps.google.ch/maps/place?hl=de&biw=1920&bih=871&um=1&ie=UTF-8&q=Z%C3%BCrich+Grossm%C3%BCnster&
fb=1&gl=ch&hq=Grossm%C3%BCnster&hnear=Z%C3%BCrich&cid=5267563484481281808
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Advanced Knowledge Technologies

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Referências - Livro Arquitetura e Design Java