brochure.

Flow Promotion of
Bulk Solids and
Filter Dust
ALBRECHT - Pulsors
ALBRECHT Engineering is a family business with more than 30 years of experience
in the field of the flow promotion of bulk solids and filter dust.
With our self developed and manufactured flow aid devices, the ALBRECHT
Pulsors, we specialize in solving discharge problems in silos and hoppers and
optimizing the discharge performance.
We offer a complete solution from consultancy and design to installation and
operation of our patented Pulsors and controls manufacured in our own production
shop. Acting as an all-in-one supplier we also provide all electrical and pipe
installations.
One of the company's outstanding strengths lies in the retrofiting of Pulsors to
existing silos and hoppers as the Pulsors can easily be installed from the outside.
Of course the range of application also covers all new constructions.
1976
Development of the flow aid devices 'Pulsor and impulse nozzle'
by Dipl.-Ing. Otto Albrecht.
Launching of his business 'Otto Albrecht Engineering'
1987
Assignation of patent to Dipl.- Ing. Otto Albrecht (patent spec. DE 2627387 C2)
1995
Entry of Dipl.-Phys. Jens Albrecht into the enterprise.
1999
Change of company's legal status and formation of ALBRECHT Ingenieurbüro GmbH
Pulsor discharge devices from ALBRECHT Engineering:
• Process engineering consultancy
• Manufacture, distribution and installation
• Maintenance and repair
ALBRECHT Ingenieurbüro GmbH
Mangenberger Str. 33
D - 42655 Solingen · Germany
Telefon: +49 - (0) 212 - 1 63 93
Telefax: +49 - (0) 212 - 201644
a lbr e c ht@pu ls or e n .c om
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ALBRECHT Pulsors
Pneumatic discharge aids
for silos and dust bunkers
Function and E ffect
Advantages:
ALBRECHT Pulsors
• avoid formation of air channels, which
often result from low-pressure air
injection.
• prevent bulk solids from consolidating
Unlike conventional air injection nozzles the
patented ALBRECHT Pulsors inject pulses of
compressed air into the bulk solid in quick
succession (ca. 5 Hz). The pulses are injected
with high pressure (6 bar) through check valves
with metal seals.
• protect hopper walls and welded seams
against damaging vibrations caused by
traditional vibrators.
• achieve economic and trouble-free
operation by reducing waiting times
ost- and time-extensive stoppages and
silo cleaning will be avoided and
reduced.
IN S TALLATION
ALBRECHT Pulsors can easily be retrofitted
to any existing bin, as they can completely
be installed from the outside. For installation
simply a pipe nipple has to be welded on the
hopper wall and subsequently drilled
through. The impulse nozzle is mounted
using a pipe union with taper seat. The
whole installation can be carried out even if
the silo is filled with bulk.
The pulses of compressed air are generated in
a pure mechanical way by a quick acting large
surfaced plate valve within the Pulsor itself.
The air blown-in in quick succession results in a
forced oscillation and fluidisation of the bulk
solid. Cohesive forces between the bulk
particles will be compensated and consolidation
within the bulk solids, leading to arching and
funneling, will be eliminated.
Due to the special design of the impulse
nozzles the injected air flows both, radially and
parallel to the hopper wall. As a result the air
distributed homogenously builds an air cushion
and the wall friction of the bulk solid will
considerably be reduced. Also the bulk material
adjacent to the hopper walls will be activated to
flow, and therefore segregation of particles will
be diminished (mass flow).
Due to the robust construction Pulsor and
impulse nozzle are nearly maintenance-free
and present an extensive range of
applications as well as a long working life.
AP P LIC ATION
ALBRECHT Pulsors are perfectly suited
for all fine and cohesive bulk materials:
• in the building materials industries
(lime, gypsum, cement products)
• in the chemical industries
(polymers, pigments, basis chemicals)
• in the foodstuff industries
(milk-, coffee- , cocoa powder)
• in power stations and waste incinerations
(filter dust, fly ash)
Technical Description
Pulsor and Im pulse N ozzle
Pulsor and impulse nozzle are mounted via threaded pipe nipples, welded on the hopper
wall, together with taper seated pipe unions. Through a bore hole drilled through the pipe
nipple and the hopper wall the head of
Pulsor
Weld-on
the impulse nozzle projects about 15Nipple
20 mm into the silo.
Operational
Monitoring
Sensor
When compressed air is supplied, the
valve disc in the Pulsor is lifted from its
seat against the force of a disc spring.
Through the resulting gap between
disc and disc seat, compressed air
flows from the supply pipes into the
nozzle tube. The valve plate of the
nozzle head is lifted, allowing the air to
flow out radially into the bin through
Nozzle Cap
several bore holes in the front of the
Nozzle Tube
cap. Due to the resulting pressure
difference inside the Pulsor the valve
disc is abruptly pressed back against
its seat, interrupting the air flow. This
sequence is automatically repeated with a frequency of about 5 Hz until the compressed air
supply is cut off. A non-return valve prevents any powder from penetrating the nozzle tube.
Mounting
Coupling
Contr ol
The Pulsors are activated by opening a solenoid valve connected in series. Instantaneously
after opening the air supply, the pneumatic chopping mechanism and impulse generation
begins.
Usually the valve is controlled
automatically by a pulse
generator, which is activated
simultaneously
with
the
particular discharge device.
In each case the pulse time
shall be only 0.75 seconds.
The activation is repeated after
a pause time, varying from a
few seconds to some minutes,
depending on requirements
and product properties.
Compr essed Air S upply
ALBRECHT Pulsors require dried compressed air with a pressure of 4-8 bar (0.4 – 0.8 Mpa).
The supply lines must be of sufficient size, as the system pressure must not drop under a
value of 4 bar during operation.
Recommended minimum sizes are 1½ “ (NW 40) for the main supply pipes and 1” (NW 25)
for the branch pipes to the single Pulsors.
Oper ational Monitor ing
The operational monitoring system of the Pulsors consists of an inductive proximity switch with
internal time delay element, which is integrated into the Pulsor cover. This sensor monitors the
Pulsor‘s valve plate and furnishes a signal if no movement is detected after activation.
The sensors are operated by a 3-wire-connection. The power supply required is 24 V DC wired in
parallel to the magnetic valve of the corresponding Pulsor.
Technical D ata
The Pulsor bodies are made from cast aluminium, the nozzle tubes are made from stainless
steel.
The nozzle heads, projecting into the bin, are made from special stainless hardened steel.
To suit any application there are three unit sizes available, which differ in their air consumption
and coverage within the hopper.
Pulsor type 300
Pulsor type 150
Pulsor type 100
Diameter of Pulsor body
310 mm
160 mm
110 mm
Width of nozzle tube
NW 1 ½"
NW 1"
NW ½"
Width of welding nipple
NW 2"
NW 1 1/2"
NW 3/4"
Bore hole
∅ 52 mm
∅ 40 mm
∅ 21 mm
Length of Nozzle tube (LD)
160-250 mm
130-220 [mm
90-150 mm
Length of welding nipple (LN)
LN = LD - 125 mm
LN = LD - 100 mm
LN = LD - 65 mm
Air supply hose
1“ x 1100 mm
1“ x 1100 mm
3/4“ x 900 mm
Weight, incl. nozzle, valve, hose
21 kg
150 litre
7,5 kg
75 litre
4 kg
30 litre
Air consumption (atm.press.)
(per 0.75 sec at 6 bar)
Examples of Application
Any application of ALBRECHT Pulsors is well supported by ALBRECHT Engineering office:
A true to scale sketch of the hopper will be established, showing the recommended number, type
and the arrangement of Pulsors on the funnel.
In addition information on the air supply piping requirements is given, as well as on the air
consumption and the electrical control.
S tor age Silos
The installation of Pulsors on silos will be recommended if blockages above the outlet (arching)
have to be eliminated or if the bulk solid only flows within a central funnel and sticks to the walls at
the periphery (funnel flow). Most often it is not
sufficient to install only a single unit at the
hopper outlet. Usually further Pulsors are
needed at the upper part of the cone. This is
particularly true for products which tend to
consolidate during storage time (timeconsolidation ).
Quantity, type and arrangement of the Pulsors
at a silo, as well as the optimum cycle of
control depend on the shape of the hopper
and the flow properties of the material.
In order to achieve mass flow or nearly mass
flow, it is important to especially activate the
material near he walls to flow out. Due to the
radial air flow pattern along the hopper walls,
undercutting the material, the friction between
the wall and the material is reduced
considerably and the bulk material is set in
motion even on walls with slight inclination.
If necessary we will carry out a Jenike shear test of your product, in order to estimate the
maximum diameter of arching, or to calculate the minimum outlet diameter and hopper angle to
avoid arching.
With ALBRECHT Pulsors the bulk Material is discharged quickly and reliably from
silos and bunkers. The air is distributed homogenously without the formation of air
channels. The material begins to flow immediately without flooding.
Asymm etrical B in
If Pulsors are installed on walls
with a shallow inclination, flow of
stangnant material will be
activated.
Due to the radial air flow pattern
along the bin walls undercutting
the
material,
the
friction
between the wall and the stored
material is reduced considerably
and the product set in motion.
Fly Ash / Filter D ust B unker
The application of Pulsors at filter dust bunkers in waste incineration plants and coal-fired power
stations will be recommended if the walls shall regulary be cleared of dust deposits.
Critical regions for dust deposits always are edges and corners, as well as those regions where
the gas flow is redirected by vertical guide plates.
In the course of time such
deposits grow on and there is
the risk that they either cause
shorts in electrostatic filters or,
when they abruptly slide down,
cause blockages of the outlet.
Therefore
repeated
flow
activation by the Pulsors must
be provided not only close to
the outlet opening, but also to
other critical zones in the
upper part of the hopper.
Due to the robust construction of the impulse nozzles with their hardened nozzle heads and
metal seals they are extremely resistant against the aggressive ambience conditions within dust
bunker of incineration plants. Every one or two years the nozzle heads can easily be changed
after dismounting the nozzle from the outside.
Layers of dust deposited on the vessel wall will regulary be forced to slide down. Clogging of
the outlet will reliably be cleared and avoided.
Cyclone / D ust Filter H opper
When Pulsors are fitted to cyclone
hoppers they have to be positioned
on the vessel close to the impact
zone of the particle jet.
With regular operation, Pulsors
reliably avoid material adhesion to
the walls.
Additional Pulsors installed near
the hopper outlet are necessary to
avoid obstructions and to ensure a
steady discharge.
CHEMICAL INDUSTRIES
INCINERATION PLANTS
References
Company, location
Plant / Product
AVA, Abfallverwertung Augsburg GmbH
electrostatic precipitator
ELEX AG, KVA Zürich, Trimmis, Monthey, Buchs
electrostatic precipitator
GSB GmbH, Baar-Ebenhausen
dust filter
Fernwärme Wien GmbH, Wien
baghouse filter
MHKW Neustadt, Neustadt (Holstein)
dust filter
Müllverwertung Borsigstraße, Hamburg
electrostatic precipitator
MHKW Burgkirchen
electrostatic precipitator
MVA Ingolstadt
baghouse filter
MVA Wels
electrost. precipitator , baghouse filter
PCK Raffinerie GmbH, Schwedt/Oder
electrostatic precipitator
ÖMV, Wien
dust filter
BASF Pigment GmbH, Besigheim
var. pigments and dyestuffs
BASF Espanola S.L., Tarragona
var. products
Bayer CropScience AG, Frankfurt
GEA Niro AS, Soeborg
var. Spray dryer
Henkel KG a.A., Düsseldorf
sodium and potassium carbonate
Lanxess Deutschland GmbH, Krefeld-Uerdingen
adipic acid, pigments
Sachtleben Chemie GmbH, Duisburg
Vinnolit Kunststoff GmbH, Köln, Burghausen
PVC powder
Wacker Chemie GmbH, Burghausen
var. polymers
PLANT CONSTR.
COAL
BUILDING MATERIALS
Bausstoffwerke Briselang GmbH, Brieselang
Baustoffwerke Durmersheim, Dresden
Dyckerhoff AG, Lengerich, Göllheim
cement and lime
E.ON Kraftwerk Scholven, Gelsenkirchen
hydrated lime
HeidelbergCement AG, Kalkwerk Istein
limestone
Ing. Per Gjerdrum, N-Hvalstadt,
PG MACS silos
Knauf Gips KG, Hüttenheim, Neuss, Iphofen
gypsum and screed
Rhein. Prov. Basalt- und Lavawerke, Wassenach
lava sand
Saint Gobain Rigips GmbH, Puchberg
gypsum
Saint Gobain Weber GmbH, Datteln
var. cement-products
CEMEX Ostzement GmbH, Rüdersdorf
brown coal
Dubai Aluminium Co. Ltd.
petrol coke
Rheinkalk GmbH, Flandersbach
brown coal
Sachtleben Chemie GmbH, Duisburg
brown coal
Rio Tinto Alcan Alesa, Zürich
Coperion GmbH, Weingarten
Maschinenfabrik Gustav Eirich GmbH, Hardheim
Schütte Industrieservice GmbH, Iserlohn
Zeppelin Systems GmbH, Friedrichshafen