TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution
Transcrição
TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution
Application Report SCBA031 – August 2012 TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Siegfried Langner ............................................................................................................................. ABSTRACT This application report provides supplementary information about the Texas Instruments 134.2 kHz RFID Base Station IC TMS3705x in combination with an external driver IC. In particular, the document shows a low cost and easy-to-implement solution to improve the communication distance between the transaction processor (TRP) and the Reader unit. 1 2 3 4 Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1 Main Features ............................................................................................................... 2 System Options ............................................................................................................. 5 References ................................................................................................................. 16 List of Figures ............................................................................. ...................................................................................... Circuit Block Diagram of External Amplifier UCC27424 .............................................................. Typical LF-UHF Hands-Free System ..................................................................................... Conventional “Long” Antenna Cable Solution .......................................................................... Extended Power Configuration with “Long” Antenna Cable ........................................................... Schematic Connection of the Driver IC (UCC27424) .................................................................. Pulse Width Downlink Telegram .......................................................................................... Detailed Downlink Telegram With TMS3705 Modulation (TXCT) .................................................... Schematic Connection of the Driver IC (UCC27424) .................................................................. Down-Link Telegram With UCC Modulation ............................................................................ Multiplexer Solution Using Multiple UCC27424 Devices ............................................................ Timing Diagram MUX 2-Channel ........................................................................................ Application Schematic With TMS3705 Modulation .................................................................... Complete Transponder Communication ................................................................................ Block Schematic of CRC Generator .................................................................................... 1 Standard HDX RFID Reader Configuration 2 2 TMS3705x With External Amplifier 3 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 4 5 6 6 7 8 8 9 9 10 11 12 13 14 List of Tables 1 Introduction The Texas Instruments low-frequency transponder Base-Station IC supports all TI low-frequency transponders types. For certain applications, a higher filed strength is required in order to extend the communications distance or increase the charge current in applications where a wireless battery charge is used. With the combination of the two TI devices, an easy implementation is possible. All trademarks are the property of their respective owners. SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated 1 Main Features www.ti.com In addition, faster down-link modulation can be realized by using the TMS3705x as an oscillator only and performing the modulation with the enable input of the UCC27424. In this way a minimum transmitter onoff time is possible (15 µs @ 134.2 kHz). The UCC27423, UCC27424 and UCC27425 high-speed dual MOS field effect transistor (MOSFET) drivers can deliver a large peak current into capacitive loads. For the specific application, the dual noninverting type is used. 2 Main Features • • • • • • • 2.1 Drive of higher antenna current Increase of communication distance Use of low-inductance antennas because of higher driver current capability Few additional components necessary Reference designs are available Realization of rechargeable applications (for example, PaLFI) Use for active hands-free access systems (motor bikes, machine access) Conventional System The circuitry in Figure 1 shows the standard TMS3705x schematic if “no” antenna cable is used. For more information, see the TMS3705 Transponder Base Station IC Datasheet (SCBS881). To Band Pass and Limiter 2 SFB R2 150k Diagnosis Vref 1 SENSE R1 47k TMS3705 Cres. 7 C2 Ant2 R4 4R7 6 L1 GND Full Bridge Antenna Driver C3 5 Ant1 R3 4R7 Figure 1. Standard HDX RFID Reader Configuration 2 TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback Main Features www.ti.com 2.2 System Using an External Full Bridge Amplifier The circuitry in Figure 2 shows the combination of the TMS3705 plus an external amplifier. The outputs of the TMS3705 are simply connected to the inputs of the amplifier. Since the amplifier is supplied by a higher supply voltage, a higher antenna current can be driven. VDDA +5V 8 To Band Pass and Limiter 2 VS SFB Diagnosis R2 150k +12V Out VrefA Enabl e 1 SENSE R1 47k TMS3705 Out B Cres.NPO** ENB C2 R4 4R7 L1 C3 7 IN_B Out B UCC 27424 Full Bridge Out Driver A IN_A ENB 6 5 IN A IN B Ant2 Full Bridge GND Antenna Driver Ant1 R3 4R7 ** DC withstand voltage> peak Voltage Vpp = VS*2*Q Figure 2. TMS3705x With External Amplifier SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated 3 Main Features www.ti.com BLOCK DIAGRAM ENBA 8 ENBB 7 OUTA 6 VDD 5 OUTB 1 INVERTING INA VDD 2 NON-INVERTING INVERTING GND INB 3 4 NON-INVERTING UDG-01063 Figure 3. Circuit Block Diagram of External Amplifier UCC27424 2.3 System Considerations An active identification system is located on the base station side of a low frequency transmitter and a UHF receiver, while the identification device (Key) has a low frequency receiver (3D Analog Front End) in combination with a Micro controller and a UHF Transmitter. 2.4 Typical Base Station for a Hands-Free System Figure 4 shows a typical system for realizing a hands-free system that can be used for access of machines, for example, motor bikes. Also a wireless anti-theft system can be realized in combination with an active key fob. Depending on the transmit antenna parameters, as well as the fob antenna parameters, a wake up distance up to two meters can be reached. 4 TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback System Options www.ti.com Vbat V-Reg 10Volt V-Reg 5Volt TRP Receive Path 5Volt Trigger GPO µ Controller GPO Data Vcc TMS3705x ANT1 TRP Base Station IC 134.2kHz ANT2 TXCT Loop Antenna UCC27424 Full Bridge Antenna Driver supplyed by a higher Voltage Air Coil or Ferrite inductance 100 to 500µH Enable UHF Receiver 3D Active Key-Fob RF1 UHF Lz RF2 Lx A F E Transmitter µC RF3 Ly VCl Passive Transponder CL TMS37F128D3 AFE+TRP+MSP430 Figure 4. Typical LF-UHF Hands-Free System 3 System Options 3.1 Remote Antenna System – “Long” Antenna Cable The extended power solution can also be combined with the long antenna cable system as shown in Figure 6. The generic circuitry for the “long” cable application shows the additional recommended components that are needed. SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated 5 System Options www.ti.com To Band Pass and Limiter 2 SFB R2 150k Diagnosis Vref 1 SENSE R1 47k TMS3705 Cres. 7 C2 Full Bridge 6 L1 Long Antenna cable Ant2 R4 4R7 C4 100n C3 5 GND Antenna Driver Ant1 R3 4R7 R5 1K (10K) Figure 5. Conventional “Long” Antenna Cable Solution +5V 8 VDDA TMS3705 To Band Pass and Limiter 2 VS SFB R2 150k +12V Diagnosis Out VrefA Enable 1 SENSE R1 47k IN A Out B IN B Enable > 80Vpp 134kHz Cres. NPO** ENB R4 4R7 C2 Out B L1 Long Antenna cable C3 IN_B UCC 27424 Full Bridge Driver Out A C4 100n ENB IN_A 7 6 Ant2 Full Bridge GND Antenna Driver 5 Ant1 R3 4R7 ** withstand voltage VS*Q R5 1K (10K) Figure 6. Extended Power Configuration with “Long” Antenna Cable 6 TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback System Options www.ti.com 3.2 Transmitter Modulation The following block describes the different possibilities to modulate the low frequency field. 3.2.1 Normal Modulation Using the 3705 TXCT Input The data transmission in the direction of the transponder (downlink) is done with 100% AM modulation. The coding is transponder specific and requires transponder-specific timing. Data coding is, for example, pulse width modulation (PWM) or pulse position modulation (PPM). The specific downlink coding is defined in the transponder specification. In general, it is always a particular transmitter ON-OFF sequence. For the TMS3705x, the minimum transmitter ON and OFF time is 100 µs. This is determined by the tdwrite signal delay for controlling the full bridge antenna driver. For more information, see the SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS section in the TMS3705 Transponder Base Station IC Data Sheet (SCBS881). VDDA +5V 8 10k TXCT TX-ON Low-Level To Band Pass and Limiter 2 VS SFB Diagnosis R2 150k +12V Vref 1 SENSE R1 47k TMS3705 Cres.NPO** ENB R4 4R7 C2 L1 C3 7 IN_B Ant2 Out B UCC 27424 Full Bridge Out Driver A IN_A ENB 6 sldkfjoösajdf 5 Full Bridge GND Antenna Driver Ant1 R3 4R7 ** DC withstand voltage> peak Voltage Vpp = VS*2*Q Modulation Figure 7. Schematic Connection of the Driver IC (UCC27424) Typical Pulse-Width downlink telegram (Read page3, 0x0C). Timing: High Bit: 170 µs off 330 µs on SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback Low Bit: 480 µs off 520 µs on TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated 7 System Options www.ti.com Figure 8. Pulse Width Downlink Telegram 3.2.2 Transmitter ON-OFF Delay of the TMS3705x The screen shots in Figure 9 show the ON propagation delay of the TXCT signal that limits the downlink timing. This does not impact a normal TRP operation. Figure 9. Detailed Downlink Telegram With TMS3705 Modulation (TXCT) 3.2.3 Modulation Using the Enable Input of the UCC27424 for High Baud Rate In case a higher downlink baud rate is required, the TMS3705x can be used as an oscillator only while modulation is performed by the enable pins of the UCC27424. This allows a transmitter on time of as little as two RF cycles (15 µs at 134 kHz). Of course the time until the maximum resonance voltage is reached depends on the resonance Q-factor, since the higher the Q, the longer it takes to reach maximum amplitude. 8 TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback System Options www.ti.com VDDA +5V 8 10k TXCT TX-ON Low-Level To Band Pass and Limiter 2 VS SFB Diagnosis R2 150k +12V Vref 1 SENSE R1 47k TMS3705 Cres.NPO** ENB R4 4R7 C2 L1 C3 7 IN_B Ant2 Out B UCC 27424 Full Bridge Out Driver A IN_A ENB 6 sldkfjoösajdf 5 Full Bridge GND Antenna Driver Ant1 R3 4R7 ** DC withstand voltage> peak Voltage Vpp = VS*2*Q Modulation Figure 10. Schematic Connection of the Driver IC (UCC27424) Figure 11. Down-Link Telegram With UCC Modulation NOTE: Since the enable pin logic is active high, the modulation signal must be inverted in respect to the TXCT modulation signal of the 3705. The UCC enable pins must be activated for the 20 ms receive time after the TXCT was set to high. 3.3 Multiplexer Solution Using Multiple UCC27424 Devices Figure 12 shows an easy to realize multiplexer solution using one TMS3705x and multiple boost amplifiers. By using the individual enable inputs, the different channels can be selected. The selected channel is not affected by the de-selected channels and visa-versa. SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated 9 System Options www.ti.com VDDA +5V 8 10k TXCT To Band Pass and Limiter 2 Modulation TX-ON-Low µC SFB RX_2 VS R11 47k +12V RX_2 RX_2 R2 150k Diagnosis Out A Vref 1 SENSE R1 47k Enabl e IN A RX_1 Out TMS3705 IN B B Cres.NPO** C2 7 ENB IN_B Out B UCC 27424 Full Bridge Out Driver A ENB IN_A R4 4R7 L1 C3 6 5 Ant2 Full Bridge GND Antenna Driver Ant1 R3 4R7 Enable/Modulation Channel_1 VS RX_2 +12V Cres.NPO** C21 R41 4R7 L1 C31 ENB IN_B Out B UCC 27424 Full Bridge Out Driver A ENB IN_A R31 4R7 Enable/Modulation Channel_2 ** DC withstand voltage> peak Voltage Vpp = VS*2*Q Figure 12. Multiplexer Solution Using Multiple UCC27424 Devices NOTE: Since Out A and Out B of the non-enabled driver are set to a low level, the antenna Lx and the resonance capacitor Cres are switched in parallel resonance; noise at the RX-path can influence the read performance of the selected channel. 3.4 Timing Diagram Sequence - Read Two Channels (Modulation With TXCT) Figure 13 shows the sequence of using two amplifiers for a second reading point while only one TMS3705 device is used. The selection of the specific channel is done by the enable input of the amplifier. 10 TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback System Options TXCT OSCON Charge phase >=20ms TXCT low www.ti.com RX >=20ms RF 3705 UCC on for RX-Time 20ms UCC_1 Enable CH_1_OFF RF_Ch_ 1 CH_2 ON UCC_2 Enable RF_Ch_ 2 DIAG SCIO 3705 Data DIAG Receive Data CH_2 Receive Data CH_2 Figure 13. Timing Diagram MUX 2-Channel 3.5 CAUTION For exact timing, see the device-specific TRP specification as well as the TMS3705 Transponder Base Station IC Data Sheet (SCBS0881). 3.6 ESD It is recommended to protect all pins of the device with additional ESD diodes for higher ESD immunity. The device itself withstands ESD strikes only up to ± 2kV (MIL STD 883). In case of a long cable system, do not connect the ESD diode at the resonance pin. It should be connected as shown in Figure 14 3.7 Resonance Capacitor The resonance capacitor has to withstand the peak RF voltage if the power stage is supplied with a voltage higher than 5 V. The peak-peak voltage is calculated as follows: VPP = VUCC * 2 * Q The multiplication by two is used because of the full bridge operation. The full bridge amplifier doubles the voltage compared to a single-ended push-pull stage. SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated 11 System Options 3.8 www.ti.com Application Schematic With TMS3705 Modulation Figure 14 is the version using the TXCT of the TMS3705 for the 100% AM modulation. The enable signals (ENBA,ENBB) of the amplifier(IC2) is set to high permanently. +VA C3 D2 3 UCC27424D OUTB VDD OUTA ENBB INB GND INA ENBA 5 4 3 2 1 6 7 4R7/100mA 8 C7 + D_TST SCIO A_TST VSSB ANT1 VSS GND GND 15 1JP1 2 3 1k 13 220R DATA optional/NPO 12 OSC1 11 10 VDD TXCT_ R8 OSC2 Q2 9 GND GND GND C10 C9 + 100nF/X7R C1 NPO (High Q), Value depending on Inductance C4 CSTCR4M00G55B MURATA GND C6 optional/NPO TMS3705 C8 22µF/50V Low ESR R5 1k 14 ANT2 VDDA R6 16 VSSA 100nF/X7R GND GND GND F_SEL GND SFB 22µF/50V Low ESR D1 220pF/NPO/COG) 2 5 6 7 8 R4 3.3nF/NPO/2%/100V Value TBD IC2 4R7/100mA C1 SENSE TXCT_ 4 R3 C5 R10 JP1_S JP12 GND C2 1 Antenne 2pin connector 220pF/NPO/COG) 10k 100nF/X7R 2 test connector for connecting external CTL GND 150k 2% R9 1 1 R2 GND 2 TP6 GND 47k 2% FSEL High for 4MHz IC1 TP1 High Voltage during TX R1 10k TP4 TP3 TP2 R7 C4, C6 is only needed if internal load capacitance is not correct C12 C11 100nF/X7R 1nF C2, C3 must be optimized during EMC tests Footprint for 10nF/NPO shall be planned GND C5 is for DC DC decoupling of Antenna pin (short to Vbat) R9 for providing DC path to GND (Receiver) D1, D2 Low capacitance bidirectional ESD protection diodes in SOD323 NXP:PESD12VL1BA (12Volt) up to 25kV R10 damping for reduction of Q Value, TBD R3, R4 must NOT be a MINIMELF L antenna Inductance, pay attention to cable capacitance Figure 14. Application Schematic With TMS3705 Modulation NOTE: You have to consider the antenna cable capacitance if the long cable system is used, which will have an impact on resonance. The cable capacitance is cable specific. For more information, see TMS3705 Passive Antenna Solution (SCBA027). 12 TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback System Options www.ti.com 3.9 Fast Prototyping and Important Information Figure 15 shows the communication between the TRP and the Reader. The diagram is applicable for the MUSA transponder General Read page 3. Figure 15. Complete Transponder Communication For a charge-only transponder, the 8-bit command is not necessary. After the charge phase of 50 ms, the read-only (R/O) TRP sends back its telegram. The telegram length of the R/O and MUSA transponders are different. 3.9.1 Start Value Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) Please notice that the start values of the CRC are different. • MUSA: 0x3791 • DST: 0x3791 (all DST-based products) • R/O: 0x0000 • R/W: 0x0000 SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated 13 System Options 3.9.2 www.ti.com Block Schematic of CRC Generator A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) generator is used in the transponder during receipt and transmission of data to generate a 16-bit block check character. For more details, see the device-specific transponder specification. For M (BCC), applying the CRC-CCITT algorithm (see Figure 9). '0000000000000000' CRC_OK COMPARATOR START VALUE SHIFT LOAD DATA OUT 1514131211 SHIFT CLOCK (RXCK or TXCK) DATA IN (RXDT or TXDT) + 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 + 3 2 1 0 MSB + LSB SEQGEN2.DRW Figure 16. Block Schematic of CRC Generator 3.9.3 Telegram Length The total transponder telegram length (without the 16 pre-bits) is 80 bits starting with the start-byte and ending with the 16-bit block check character (BCC). The 16 bit pre-bit phase sent by the transponder must not be included in the CRC. The pre-bits are only used internally by the TMS3705. 3.9.4 Data Direction Attention should be paid to the data direction. From the transponder side, all data are handled with LS-bit and LS-byte first. The serial communications interface (SCI) encoder uses an 8-bit shift register to send the received data byte-wise (least significant bit (LSB) first) to the microcontroller with a transmission rate of 15.625 kbaud: one start bit (high) and one stop bit (low). A high level on the SCIO pin indicates the start of transmission of the data byte. The data bits at the SCIO output are inverted with respect to the corresponding bits sent by the transponder. 14 TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback System Options www.ti.com 3.9.5 Simple C-Code for Receiving Transponder Data at the SCIO #define SCIO (P2IN & 0x02) //SCI input Port2.1 // variables unsigned char unsigned char unsigned int unsigned char unsigned char RX_buff[10]; trp_data[11]; BCC_rx; bit_count_8; byte_count; // // // // // void RX_80bit(void) { unsigned int count; // variable for counter used at SCIO count = 1500; // 3.2ms Time out counter value for first Byte Startbyte 3ms for (byte_count = 0; byte_count <=0x0A; byte_count+=1) // Loop Byte counter # of Rx bytes. { unsigned char temp; temp = 0; while ((!SCIO) & (count--!=0)); // wait for SCIO High { count = 660; // 520us Time out counter value interbyte (between 2 bytes) Delay_us(83); // 64 +32 us start bit + 0.5 bit 1st bit for (bit_count_8 =0; bit_count_8 <=7; bit_count_8 +=1) // Loop bit read asynch mode (15625 baud 64us) { temp = SCIO; // RX_bit to temp register Px.1 temp <<=6; // temp bit shifted 6times(x) to left because P6.1(c) // starting with MSB x000 000c0 trp_data[byte_count] >>=1; // shift RX-bit by 1 to right trp_data[byte_count] += temp; // add RX-bit to byte Delay_us(54); // delay for next bit next bit |64us-|-64us-|-64us-|.. } } trp_data[byte_count] =~trp_data[byte_count]; // inverts 3705 data to TRP real TRP format BCC_rx = trp_data[9]; BCC_rx =( BCC_rx << 8) + trp_data[8]; // BCC_RX xxxx yyyy; TRP data[8]&[9] } Delay_us(1); // for break point SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated 15 References 3.9.6 www.ti.com Variable Assignment MUSA/DST void Clear_buffer(void) { trp_data[0] = 0x00; // trp_data[1] = 0x00; // trp_data[2] = 0x00; // trp_data[3] = 0x00; // trp_data[4] = 0x00; // trp_data[5] = 0x00; // trp_data[6] = 0x00; // trp_data[7] = 0x00; // trp_data[8] = 0x00; // trp_data[9] = 0x00; // trp_data[10] = 0x00; // } //RX Data format MUSA & DST Read Page_3 Start Byte selective address usr data 1 mfg Code ser#1 ser#2 ser#3 read address BCC DST/MUSA BCC DST/MUSA empty NOTE: The C-code is only a sample used for demonstration purpose. 4 References • • 16 TMS3705 Transponder Base Station IC Datasheet (SCBS881) TMS3705 Passive Antenna Solution (SCBA027) TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1 Copyright © 2012, Texas Instruments Incorporated SCBA031 – August 2012 Submit Documentation Feedback IMPORTANT NOTICE Texas Instruments Incorporated and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make corrections, enhancements, improvements and other changes to its semiconductor products and services per JESD46C and to discontinue any product or service per JESD48B. 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