TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution

Transcrição

TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution
Application Report
SCBA031 – August 2012
TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using
UCC27424-Q1
Siegfried Langner .............................................................................................................................
ABSTRACT
This application report provides supplementary information about the Texas Instruments 134.2 kHz RFID
Base Station IC TMS3705x in combination with an external driver IC. In particular, the document shows a
low cost and easy-to-implement solution to improve the communication distance between the transaction
processor (TRP) and the Reader unit.
1
2
3
4
Contents
Introduction .................................................................................................................. 1
Main Features ............................................................................................................... 2
System Options ............................................................................................................. 5
References ................................................................................................................. 16
List of Figures
.............................................................................
......................................................................................
Circuit Block Diagram of External Amplifier UCC27424 ..............................................................
Typical LF-UHF Hands-Free System .....................................................................................
Conventional “Long” Antenna Cable Solution ..........................................................................
Extended Power Configuration with “Long” Antenna Cable ...........................................................
Schematic Connection of the Driver IC (UCC27424) ..................................................................
Pulse Width Downlink Telegram ..........................................................................................
Detailed Downlink Telegram With TMS3705 Modulation (TXCT) ....................................................
Schematic Connection of the Driver IC (UCC27424) ..................................................................
Down-Link Telegram With UCC Modulation ............................................................................
Multiplexer Solution Using Multiple UCC27424 Devices ............................................................
Timing Diagram MUX 2-Channel ........................................................................................
Application Schematic With TMS3705 Modulation ....................................................................
Complete Transponder Communication ................................................................................
Block Schematic of CRC Generator ....................................................................................
1
Standard HDX RFID Reader Configuration
2
2
TMS3705x With External Amplifier
3
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
4
5
6
6
7
8
8
9
9
10
11
12
13
14
List of Tables
1
Introduction
The Texas Instruments low-frequency transponder Base-Station IC supports all TI low-frequency
transponders types. For certain applications, a higher filed strength is required in order to extend the
communications distance or increase the charge current in applications where a wireless battery charge is
used. With the combination of the two TI devices, an easy implementation is possible.
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Main Features
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In addition, faster down-link modulation can be realized by using the TMS3705x as an oscillator only and
performing the modulation with the enable input of the UCC27424. In this way a minimum transmitter onoff time is possible (15 µs @ 134.2 kHz).
The UCC27423, UCC27424 and UCC27425 high-speed dual MOS field effect transistor (MOSFET)
drivers can deliver a large peak current into capacitive loads. For the specific application, the dual noninverting type is used.
2
Main Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
2.1
Drive of higher antenna current
Increase of communication distance
Use of low-inductance antennas because of higher driver current capability
Few additional components necessary
Reference designs are available
Realization of rechargeable applications (for example, PaLFI)
Use for active hands-free access systems (motor bikes, machine access)
Conventional System
The circuitry in Figure 1 shows the standard TMS3705x schematic if “no” antenna cable is used. For more
information, see the TMS3705 Transponder Base Station IC Datasheet (SCBS881).
To Band Pass
and Limiter
2
SFB
R2
150k
Diagnosis
Vref
1 SENSE
R1
47k
TMS3705
Cres.
7
C2
Ant2
R4
4R7
6
L1
GND
Full
Bridge
Antenna
Driver
C3
5
Ant1
R3
4R7
Figure 1. Standard HDX RFID Reader Configuration
2
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Main Features
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2.2
System Using an External Full Bridge Amplifier
The circuitry in Figure 2 shows the combination of the TMS3705 plus an external amplifier. The outputs of
the TMS3705 are simply connected to the inputs of the amplifier. Since the amplifier is supplied by a
higher supply voltage, a higher antenna current can be driven.
VDDA
+5V
8
To Band Pass
and Limiter
2
VS
SFB
Diagnosis
R2
150k
+12V
Out
VrefA
Enabl
e
1
SENSE
R1
47k
TMS3705
Out
B
Cres.NPO**
ENB
C2
R4
4R7
L1
C3
7
IN_B
Out
B
UCC
27424
Full Bridge
Out Driver
A
IN_A
ENB
6
5
IN A
IN B
Ant2
Full
Bridge
GND
Antenna
Driver
Ant1
R3
4R7
** DC withstand voltage> peak Voltage
Vpp = VS*2*Q
Figure 2. TMS3705x With External Amplifier
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Main Features
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BLOCK DIAGRAM
ENBA
8
ENBB
7
OUTA
6
VDD
5
OUTB
1
INVERTING
INA
VDD
2
NON-INVERTING
INVERTING
GND
INB
3
4
NON-INVERTING
UDG-01063
Figure 3. Circuit Block Diagram of External Amplifier UCC27424
2.3
System Considerations
An active identification system is located on the base station side of a low frequency transmitter and a
UHF receiver, while the identification device (Key) has a low frequency receiver (3D Analog Front End) in
combination with a Micro controller and a UHF Transmitter.
2.4
Typical Base Station for a Hands-Free System
Figure 4 shows a typical system for realizing a hands-free system that can be used for access of
machines, for example, motor bikes. Also a wireless anti-theft system can be realized in combination with
an active key fob.
Depending on the transmit antenna parameters, as well as the fob antenna parameters, a wake up
distance up to two meters can be reached.
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Vbat
V-Reg
10Volt
V-Reg
5Volt
TRP Receive Path
5Volt
Trigger
GPO
µ
Controller
GPO
Data
Vcc
TMS3705x
ANT1
TRP Base Station IC
134.2kHz
ANT2
TXCT
Loop
Antenna
UCC27424
Full Bridge Antenna Driver
supplyed by a higher
Voltage
Air Coil or Ferrite
inductance
100 to 500µH
Enable
UHF
Receiver
3D Active Key-Fob
RF1
UHF
Lz
RF2
Lx
A
F
E
Transmitter
µC
RF3
Ly
VCl
Passive
Transponder
CL
TMS37F128D3
AFE+TRP+MSP430
Figure 4. Typical LF-UHF Hands-Free System
3
System Options
3.1
Remote Antenna System – “Long” Antenna Cable
The extended power solution can also be combined with the long antenna cable system as shown in
Figure 6.
The generic circuitry for the “long” cable application shows the additional recommended components that
are needed.
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To Band Pass
and Limiter
2
SFB
R2
150k
Diagnosis
Vref
1
SENSE
R1
47k
TMS3705
Cres.
7
C2
Full
Bridge
6
L1
Long Antenna cable
Ant2
R4
4R7
C4
100n
C3
5
GND
Antenna
Driver
Ant1
R3
4R7
R5
1K
(10K)
Figure 5. Conventional “Long” Antenna Cable Solution
+5V
8
VDDA
TMS3705
To Band Pass
and Limiter
2
VS
SFB
R2
150k
+12V
Diagnosis
Out
VrefA
Enable
1
SENSE
R1
47k
IN A
Out
B
IN B
Enable
> 80Vpp
134kHz
Cres. NPO**
ENB
R4
4R7
C2
Out
B
L1
Long Antenna
cable
C3
IN_B
UCC
27424
Full Bridge
Driver
Out
A
C4
100n
ENB
IN_A
7
6
Ant2
Full
Bridge
GND
Antenna
Driver
5
Ant1
R3
4R7
** withstand voltage
VS*Q
R5
1K
(10K)
Figure 6. Extended Power Configuration with “Long” Antenna Cable
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3.2
Transmitter Modulation
The following block describes the different possibilities to modulate the low frequency field.
3.2.1
Normal Modulation Using the 3705 TXCT Input
The data transmission in the direction of the transponder (downlink) is done with 100% AM modulation.
The coding is transponder specific and requires transponder-specific timing. Data coding is, for example,
pulse width modulation (PWM) or pulse position modulation (PPM).
The specific downlink coding is defined in the transponder specification. In general, it is always a particular
transmitter ON-OFF sequence.
For the TMS3705x, the minimum transmitter ON and OFF time is 100 µs. This is determined by the tdwrite
signal delay for controlling the full bridge antenna driver.
For more information, see the SWITCHING CHARACTERISTICS section in the TMS3705 Transponder
Base Station IC Data Sheet (SCBS881).
VDDA
+5V
8
10k
TXCT
TX-ON
Low-Level
To Band Pass
and Limiter
2
VS
SFB
Diagnosis
R2
150k
+12V
Vref
1
SENSE
R1
47k
TMS3705
Cres.NPO**
ENB
R4
4R7
C2
L1
C3
7
IN_B
Ant2
Out
B
UCC
27424
Full Bridge
Out Driver
A
IN_A
ENB
6
sldkfjoösajdf
5
Full
Bridge
GND
Antenna
Driver
Ant1
R3
4R7
** DC withstand voltage> peak Voltage
Vpp = VS*2*Q
Modulation
Figure 7. Schematic Connection of the Driver IC (UCC27424)
Typical Pulse-Width downlink telegram (Read page3, 0x0C).
Timing:
High Bit:
170 µs off
330 µs on
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Low Bit:
480 µs off
520 µs on
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System Options
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Figure 8. Pulse Width Downlink Telegram
3.2.2
Transmitter ON-OFF Delay of the TMS3705x
The screen shots in Figure 9 show the ON propagation delay of the TXCT signal that limits the downlink
timing. This does not impact a normal TRP operation.
Figure 9. Detailed Downlink Telegram With TMS3705 Modulation (TXCT)
3.2.3
Modulation Using the Enable Input of the UCC27424 for High Baud Rate
In case a higher downlink baud rate is required, the TMS3705x can be used as an oscillator only while
modulation is performed by the enable pins of the UCC27424. This allows a transmitter on time of as little
as two RF cycles (15 µs at 134 kHz). Of course the time until the maximum resonance voltage is reached
depends on the resonance Q-factor, since the higher the Q, the longer it takes to reach maximum
amplitude.
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VDDA
+5V
8
10k
TXCT
TX-ON
Low-Level
To Band Pass
and Limiter
2
VS
SFB
Diagnosis
R2
150k
+12V
Vref
1
SENSE
R1
47k
TMS3705
Cres.NPO**
ENB
R4
4R7
C2
L1
C3
7
IN_B
Ant2
Out
B
UCC
27424
Full Bridge
Out Driver
A
IN_A
ENB
6
sldkfjoösajdf
5
Full
Bridge
GND
Antenna
Driver
Ant1
R3
4R7
** DC withstand voltage> peak Voltage
Vpp = VS*2*Q
Modulation
Figure 10. Schematic Connection of the Driver IC (UCC27424)
Figure 11. Down-Link Telegram With UCC Modulation
NOTE: Since the enable pin logic is active high, the modulation signal must be inverted in respect to
the TXCT modulation signal of the 3705. The UCC enable pins must be activated for the 20
ms receive time after the TXCT was set to high.
3.3
Multiplexer Solution Using Multiple UCC27424 Devices
Figure 12 shows an easy to realize multiplexer solution using one TMS3705x and multiple boost
amplifiers. By using the individual enable inputs, the different channels can be selected. The selected
channel is not affected by the de-selected channels and visa-versa.
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VDDA
+5V
8
10k
TXCT
To Band Pass
and Limiter
2
Modulation
TX-ON-Low
µC
SFB
RX_2
VS
R11
47k
+12V
RX_2
RX_2
R2
150k
Diagnosis
Out
A
Vref
1
SENSE
R1
47k
Enabl
e
IN A
RX_1
Out
TMS3705
IN B
B
Cres.NPO**
C2
7
ENB
IN_B
Out
B
UCC
27424
Full Bridge
Out Driver
A
ENB
IN_A
R4
4R7
L1
C3
6
5
Ant2
Full
Bridge
GND
Antenna
Driver
Ant1
R3
4R7
Enable/Modulation Channel_1
VS
RX_2
+12V
Cres.NPO**
C21
R41
4R7
L1
C31
ENB
IN_B
Out
B
UCC
27424
Full Bridge
Out Driver
A
ENB
IN_A
R31
4R7
Enable/Modulation Channel_2
** DC withstand voltage> peak Voltage
Vpp = VS*2*Q
Figure 12. Multiplexer Solution Using Multiple UCC27424 Devices
NOTE: Since Out A and Out B of the non-enabled driver are set to a low level, the antenna Lx and
the resonance capacitor Cres are switched in parallel resonance; noise at the RX-path can
influence the read performance of the selected channel.
3.4
Timing Diagram Sequence - Read Two Channels (Modulation With TXCT)
Figure 13 shows the sequence of using two amplifiers for a second reading point while only one TMS3705
device is used. The selection of the specific channel is done by the enable input of the amplifier.
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TXCT
OSCON
Charge phase
>=20ms
TXCT
low
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RX >=20ms
RF
3705
UCC on for
RX-Time 20ms
UCC_1
Enable
CH_1_OFF
RF_Ch_
1
CH_2 ON
UCC_2
Enable
RF_Ch_
2
DIAG
SCIO
3705
Data
DIAG
Receive Data CH_2
Receive Data CH_2
Figure 13. Timing Diagram MUX 2-Channel
3.5
CAUTION
For exact timing, see the device-specific TRP specification as well as the TMS3705 Transponder Base
Station IC Data Sheet (SCBS0881).
3.6
ESD
It is recommended to protect all pins of the device with additional ESD diodes for higher ESD immunity.
The device itself withstands ESD strikes only up to ± 2kV (MIL STD 883).
In case of a long cable system, do not connect the ESD diode at the resonance pin. It should be
connected as shown in Figure 14
3.7
Resonance Capacitor
The resonance capacitor has to withstand the peak RF voltage if the power stage is supplied with a
voltage higher than 5 V.
The peak-peak voltage is calculated as follows:
VPP = VUCC * 2 * Q
The multiplication by two is used because of the full bridge operation. The full bridge amplifier doubles the
voltage compared to a single-ended push-pull stage.
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3.8
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Application Schematic With TMS3705 Modulation
Figure 14 is the version using the TXCT of the TMS3705 for the 100% AM modulation. The enable signals
(ENBA,ENBB) of the amplifier(IC2) is set to high permanently.
+VA
C3
D2
3
UCC27424D
OUTB
VDD
OUTA
ENBB
INB
GND
INA
ENBA
5
4
3
2
1
6
7
4R7/100mA
8
C7
+
D_TST
SCIO
A_TST
VSSB
ANT1
VSS
GND
GND
15
1JP1
2
3
1k
13
220R
DATA
optional/NPO
12
OSC1
11
10
VDD
TXCT_
R8
OSC2
Q2
9
GND
GND
GND
C10
C9
+
100nF/X7R
C1 NPO (High Q), Value depending on Inductance
C4
CSTCR4M00G55B MURATA
GND
C6
optional/NPO
TMS3705
C8
22µF/50V Low ESR
R5
1k
14
ANT2
VDDA
R6
16
VSSA
100nF/X7R
GND GND GND
F_SEL
GND
SFB
22µF/50V Low ESR
D1
220pF/NPO/COG)
2
5
6
7
8
R4
3.3nF/NPO/2%/100V
Value TBD
IC2
4R7/100mA
C1
SENSE TXCT_
4
R3
C5
R10
JP1_S
JP12
GND C2
1
Antenne 2pin connector
220pF/NPO/COG)
10k
100nF/X7R
2
test connector for
connecting external CTL
GND
150k 2%
R9
1
1
R2
GND
2
TP6
GND
47k 2%
FSEL High for 4MHz
IC1
TP1
High Voltage during TX
R1
10k
TP4
TP3
TP2
R7
C4, C6 is only needed if internal
load capacitance is not correct
C12
C11
100nF/X7R
1nF
C2, C3 must be optimized during EMC tests
Footprint for 10nF/NPO shall be planned
GND
C5 is for DC DC decoupling of Antenna pin (short to Vbat)
R9 for providing DC path to GND (Receiver)
D1, D2 Low capacitance bidirectional ESD protection diodes in SOD323
NXP:PESD12VL1BA (12Volt) up to 25kV
R10 damping for reduction of Q Value, TBD
R3, R4 must NOT be a MINIMELF
L antenna Inductance, pay attention to cable capacitance
Figure 14. Application Schematic With TMS3705 Modulation
NOTE: You have to consider the antenna cable capacitance if the long cable system is used, which
will have an impact on resonance. The cable capacitance is cable specific.
For more information, see TMS3705 Passive Antenna Solution (SCBA027).
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3.9
Fast Prototyping and Important Information
Figure 15 shows the communication between the TRP and the Reader. The diagram is applicable for the
MUSA transponder General Read page 3.
Figure 15. Complete Transponder Communication
For a charge-only transponder, the 8-bit command is not necessary. After the charge phase of 50 ms, the
read-only (R/O) TRP sends back its telegram. The telegram length of the R/O and MUSA transponders
are different.
3.9.1
Start Value Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC)
Please notice that the start values of the CRC are different.
• MUSA: 0x3791
• DST: 0x3791 (all DST-based products)
• R/O: 0x0000
• R/W: 0x0000
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3.9.2
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Block Schematic of CRC Generator
A cyclic redundancy check (CRC) generator is used in the transponder during receipt and transmission of
data to generate a 16-bit block check character. For more details, see the device-specific transponder
specification. For M (BCC), applying the CRC-CCITT algorithm (see Figure 9).
'0000000000000000'
CRC_OK
COMPARATOR
START VALUE
SHIFT
LOAD
DATA
OUT
1514131211
SHIFT CLOCK
(RXCK or TXCK)
DATA IN
(RXDT or TXDT)
+
10 9 8 7 6 5 4
+
3 2 1 0
MSB
+
LSB
SEQGEN2.DRW
Figure 16. Block Schematic of CRC Generator
3.9.3
Telegram Length
The total transponder telegram length (without the 16 pre-bits) is 80 bits starting with the start-byte and
ending with the 16-bit block check character (BCC). The 16 bit pre-bit phase sent by the transponder must
not be included in the CRC. The pre-bits are only used internally by the TMS3705.
3.9.4
Data Direction
Attention should be paid to the data direction. From the transponder side, all data are handled with LS-bit
and LS-byte first.
The serial communications interface (SCI) encoder uses an 8-bit shift register to send the received data
byte-wise (least significant bit (LSB) first) to the microcontroller with a transmission rate of 15.625 kbaud:
one start bit (high) and one stop bit (low). A high level on the SCIO pin indicates the start of transmission
of the data byte. The data bits at the SCIO output are inverted with respect to the corresponding bits sent
by the transponder.
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3.9.5
Simple C-Code for Receiving Transponder Data at the SCIO
#define SCIO
(P2IN & 0x02) //SCI input Port2.1
// variables
unsigned char
unsigned char
unsigned int
unsigned char
unsigned char
RX_buff[10];
trp_data[11];
BCC_rx;
bit_count_8;
byte_count;
//
//
//
//
//
void RX_80bit(void)
{
unsigned int count;
// variable for counter used at
SCIO
count = 1500;
// 3.2ms Time out counter value
for first Byte Startbyte 3ms
for (byte_count = 0; byte_count <=0x0A; byte_count+=1)
// Loop Byte counter # of Rx bytes.
{
unsigned char temp;
temp = 0;
while ((!SCIO) & (count--!=0));
// wait for SCIO High
{
count = 660;
// 520us Time out counter value
interbyte (between 2 bytes)
Delay_us(83);
// 64 +32 us start bit + 0.5 bit
1st bit
for (bit_count_8 =0; bit_count_8 <=7; bit_count_8 +=1) // Loop bit read asynch mode
(15625 baud 64us)
{
temp = SCIO;
// RX_bit to temp register Px.1
temp <<=6;
// temp bit shifted 6times(x) to left because P6.1(c)
// starting with MSB x000 000c0
trp_data[byte_count] >>=1;
// shift RX-bit by 1 to right
trp_data[byte_count] += temp;
// add RX-bit to byte
Delay_us(54);
// delay for next bit next bit |64us-|-64us-|-64us-|..
}
}
trp_data[byte_count] =~trp_data[byte_count];
// inverts 3705 data to TRP real
TRP format
BCC_rx = trp_data[9];
BCC_rx =( BCC_rx << 8) + trp_data[8];
// BCC_RX xxxx yyyy; TRP
data[8]&[9]
}
Delay_us(1);
// for break point
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References
3.9.6
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Variable Assignment MUSA/DST
void Clear_buffer(void)
{
trp_data[0] = 0x00; //
trp_data[1] = 0x00; //
trp_data[2] = 0x00; //
trp_data[3] = 0x00; //
trp_data[4] = 0x00; //
trp_data[5] = 0x00; //
trp_data[6] = 0x00; //
trp_data[7] = 0x00; //
trp_data[8] = 0x00; //
trp_data[9] = 0x00; //
trp_data[10] = 0x00; //
}
//RX Data format MUSA & DST Read Page_3
Start Byte
selective address
usr data 1
mfg Code
ser#1
ser#2
ser#3
read address
BCC DST/MUSA
BCC DST/MUSA
empty
NOTE: The C-code is only a sample used for demonstration purpose.
4
References
•
•
16
TMS3705 Transponder Base Station IC Datasheet (SCBS881)
TMS3705 Passive Antenna Solution (SCBA027)
TMS3705 Range Extender Power Solution Using UCC27424-Q1
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dataconverter.ti.com
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www.ti.com/computers
DLP® Products
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DSP
dsp.ti.com
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www.ti.com/energy
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www.ti.com/clocks
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interface.ti.com
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Logic
logic.ti.com
Security
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power.ti.com
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www.ti.com/space-avionics-defense
Microcontrollers
microcontroller.ti.com
Video and Imaging
www.ti.com/video
RFID
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www.ti.com/omap
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e2e.ti.com
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www.ti.com/wirelessconnectivity
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