Logística Empresarial - Uma disciplina Vital Supply Chain

Logística Empresarial Uma disciplina Vital
Supply Chain Management
Gerenciamento da Cadeia
de Suprimentos
Missão da Logística
A missão da logística é dispor da
mercadoria ou o serviço certo, no
lugar certo, no tempo certo e nas
condições desejadas, ao mesmo
tempo em que fornece a maior
contribuição para a empresa.
Capítulo 1 - Ballou
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Thursday, 15 September, 11
A Revised Strategy is Generating
Great Top Management Interest
Feedback do consumidor
Historical perspective of distribution:
“The last frontier of cost economies”
Peter Drucker, 1962
The contemporary view:
Distribution is a new frontier for demand
generation—a competitive weapon.
Both views are
now important!
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Custos de distribução física
2.79
Custo de oportunidadde
1.72
22.25
7.65%
$67.71
Total
Mais 1/3 para o inbound supply * costs
* O gerenciamento dos materiais vindos
dos fornecedores com destino ao processo
produtivo ou estocagem.
Custos
Logísticos é da
ordem de 10% do
custo total do
produto
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Importância da Logística
5
86
4
82
%
0.41
02
Administrativo
20
4.58
00
0.43
90
20
Pedidos
7
98
18.06
19
2.02
94
8
96
Estocagem
9
19
$26.52
94
3.34%
19
Transporte
92
$/cwt.
19
% Vendas
Days
Categoria
Performance do Serviço ao
Consumidor
Year
Order Cycle Time, Days
Product Availability--% orders
Product Availability--% line items
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Benefícios econômicos de fornecimentos
internacionais com baixo custo
Domestic sourcing
Foreign sourcing
Profit
Despesas Gerais Adm
Despesas Gerais Adm
Marketing
Marketing
Logistics
Overhead
Profit
Increase
Logistics
Increase
Tariffs
Overhead
New
Materials
Materials
Labor
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Labor
Reduction
Scope of the Supply Chain for Most Firms
Key Activities/Processes
•
Primary
- Setting customer service goals
- Transportation
- Inventory management
- Location
•
Secondary, or supporting
- Warehousing
- Materials handling
- Acquisition (purchasing)
- Protective packaging
- Product scheduling
- Order processing
Business logistics
Physical supply
(Materials management)
Sources of
supply
Physical distribution
Plants/
operations
• Transportation
• Inventory maintenance
• Order processing
• Acquisition
• Protective packaging
• Warehousing
• Materials handling
• Information maintenance
Customers
• Transportation
• Inventory maintenance
• Order processing
• Product scheduling
• Protective packaging
• Warehousing
• Materials handling
• Information maintenance
Focus firm’s internal supply chain
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Thursday, 15 September, 11
A Supply Chain é Multi-Empresas
The Multi-Dimensions of SC
tio
n
na
rdi
co
o
al
nc
tio
n
rfu
Int
e
n
tio
Thursday, 15 September, 11
ina
Thursday, 15 September, 11
ord
Activity and process
administration
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
co
Distribute
Product and information flow
al
Convert
on
Acquire
SUPPLY
CHAIN
MANAGEMENT
ati
Customers/
End users
Supplier’s
suppliers
niz
Customers
ga
Suppliers
ror
Focus
Company
e
Int
Scope
in reality
The Logistics Strategy Triangle
Logística - Marketing - Produção
PRODUCTION/
OPERATIONS
Sample activities:
• Quality control
• Detailed production
scheduling
• Equipment maint.
• Capacity planning
• Work measurement
& standards
Customer
service goals
• The product
• Logistics service
• Information sys.
Interface
activities:
• Product
scheduling
• Plant
location
• Purchasing
LOGISTICS
Sample
activities:
•Transport
• Inventory
• Order
processing
• Materials
handling
Interface
activities:
• Customer
service
standards
• Pricing
• Packaging
• Retail
location
Productionlogistics
interface
MARKETING
Sample
activities:
• Promotion
• Market
research
• Product
mix
• Sales force
management
Marketinglogistics
interface
Internal Supply Chain
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Marketing
Relationship of Logistics to Marketing
Product
— make-to-order or make-to-stock
•An integral part of the the supply chain
−Affects total response time for customers
−Shares activities such as inventory planning
•Costs are in tradeoff
−Production lot quantities affect inventory
levels and transportation efficiency
−Production response affects transportation
costs and customer service
−Production and warehouse location are
interrelated
Logistics
Place
Customer
service levels
Transport
costs
Inventory
carrying costs
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Order
processing and
information
costs
Relationship of Logistics to Production
•Coordinates through scheduling and strategy
Promotion
Price
Lot quantity
costs
1-21
Warehousing
costs
1-22
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Logistics/SC in Diverse Areas
•Manufacturing—most common
•Environment—causing restrictions
•Service—emerging opportunities
•Non-profits—little explored
•Military—long history
Contemporary Logistics Terms
•Value stream/logistics process
•Quick response and flexible
manufacturing
•Mass customization
•Supply chain management/
collaborative logistics
•Reverse logistics
•Service logistics
•Continuous replenishment
•Lean logistics
•Integrated logistics
CR (2004) Prentice Hall, Inc.
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Thursday, 15 September, 11
Wal-Mart e a Logística!
•Custo mais baixos que os concorrentes
•CEO tem formação e experiência em
logística
•Wal-Mart é o maior varejista do mundo!
Como ele faz isso?
Thursday, 15 September, 11