EVAPOTRANSPIRATION

Transcrição

EVAPOTRANSPIRATION
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION AN OVERVIEW
Edited by Stavros G. Alexandris
and Ruzica Stricevic
Evapotranspiration - An Overview
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/3383
Edited by Stavros G. Alexandris and Ruzica Stricevic
Contributors
Robert Criss, Elizabeth Hasenmueller, Amin Elshorbagy, Zohreh Izadifar, Nakayama, Baburao Kamble, Ayse Irmak, Ian
Ratcliffe, Gary Hergert, Derrel Martin, Kenneth Hubbard, Sunil Narumalani, Robert Oglesby, Nebo Jovanovic, José
Carlos Mendonça, Jozsef Szilagyi, Zoubeida Kebaili Bargaoui, Koutsoyiannis, Aristoteles Tegos, Andreas Efstratiadis,
Renata Duffková, Hanbo Yang, Ahmed Al-Busaidi, Mir Matin, Charles Bourque
Published by InTech
Janeza Trdine 9, 51000 Rijeka, Croatia
Copyright © 2013 InTech
All chapters are Open Access distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 license, which allows users to
download, copy and build upon published articles even for commercial purposes, as long as the author and publisher
are properly credited, which ensures maximum dissemination and a wider impact of our publications. However, users
who aim to disseminate and distribute copies of this book as a whole must not seek monetary compensation for such
service (excluded InTech representatives and agreed collaborations). After this work has been published by InTech,
authors have the right to republish it, in whole or part, in any publication of which they are the author, and to make
other personal use of the work. Any republication, referencing or personal use of the work must explicitly identify the
original source.
Notice
Statements and opinions expressed in the chapters are these of the individual contributors and not necessarily those
of the editors or publisher. No responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of information contained in the published
chapters. The publisher assumes no responsibility for any damage or injury to persons or property arising out of the
use of any materials, instructions, methods or ideas contained in the book.
Publishing Process Manager Dejan Grgur
Technical Editor InTech DTP team
Cover InTech Design team
First published April, 2013
Printed in Croatia
A free online edition of this book is available at www.intechopen.com
Additional hard copies can be obtained from [email protected]
Evapotranspiration - An Overview, Edited by Stavros G. Alexandris and Ruzica Stricevic
p. cm.
ISBN 978-953-51-1115-3
free online editions of InTech
Books and Journals can be found at
www.intechopen.com
Contents
Preface VII
Chapter 1
Water Balance Estimates of Evapotranspiration Rates in Areas
with Varying Land Use 1
Elizabeth A. Hasenmueller and Robert E. Criss
Chapter 2
Recent Updates of the Calibration-Free Evapotranspiration
Mapping (CREMAP) Method 23
Jozsef Szilagyi
Chapter 3
Quantifying the Evapotranspiration Component of the Water
Balance of Atlantis Sand Plain Fynbos (South Africa) 39
Nebo Jovanovic, Richard Bugan and Sumaya Israel
Chapter 4
Seasonal and Regional Variability of the Complementary
Relationship Between Actual and Potential Evaporations in the
Asian Monsoon Region 61
Hanbo Yang and Dawen Yang
Chapter 5
Satellite-Based Energy Balance Approach to Assess Riparian
Water Use 79
Baburao Kamble, Ayse Irmak, Derrel L. Martin, Kenneth G. Hubbard,
Ian Ratcliffe, Gary Hergert, Sunil Narumalani and Robert J. Oglesby
Chapter 6
Influence of Vegetation Cover on Regional Evapotranspiration
in Semi-Arid Watersheds in Northwest China 97
Mir A. Matin and Charles P.-A. Bourque
Chapter 7
Effect of Evapotranspiration on Hydrothermal Changes in
Regional Scale 127
Tadanobu Nakayama
Reference Evapotranspiration (ETo) in North Fluminense, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil: A Review of Methodologies of the…
http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/52278
[4] Conceição, M. A. F. Reference Evapotranspiration Based on Class A Pan Evapora‐
tion. Scientia Agrícola, Piracicaba, SP, n.3, (2002). , 59, 417-420.
[5] Conceição, M. A. F., & Mandelli, F. Comparação Entre Métodos de Estimativa da
Evapotranspiração de Referência em Bento Gonçalves, Rs. Revista Brasileira de
Agrometeorologia, n.2, (2005). , 13, 303-307.
[6] Cuenca, R. H. Irrigation system design: an engineering approach. New Jersey: Pren‐
tice-Hall Englewood Cliffis. 1989. 133p.
[7] Doorembos, J., & Pruit, W. O. Guidelines for predicting crop water requirements. 2
ed. Rome: FAO (1977). p. (FAO- Irrigation and Drainage Paper 24)
[8] Ferreira, E., Toledo, J. H., Dantas, A. A. A., Pereira, R. M.: Cadastral Maps of Irrigat‐
ed Areas by Center Pivots in Minas Gerais State, Using Cbers-2b/Ccd Satellite Image‐
ry. Revista Engenharia Agrícola. In Press. Issn 0100-6916. 2011
[9] Fernandes, L. C. Avaliação de Diversas Equações Empíricas de Evapotranspiração.
Estudo de Caso: Campos dos Goytacazes e Ilha do Fundão-RJ. (TeseMestrado)- Rio
de Janeiro- RJ- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. (2006).
[10] Kumar, M., Raghuwanshi, N. S., Singh, R., Wallender, W. W., & Pruitt, W. O. (2002).
Estimating evapotranspiration using artificial neural network. Journal of Irrigation and
Drainage Engineering, 128, 224-233.
[11] Mendonça, J. C. Comparação Entre Métodos de Estimativa da Evapotranspiração Po‐
tencial de Referencia (ETo) para Região Norte Fluminense, RJ. Tese (MestradoemPro‐
dução Vegetal) Campos dos Goytacazes- RJ, Universida de Estadual do Norte
Fluminense Uenf, 70, 2001.
[12] Mendonça, J. C. Comparação entre Métodos de Estimativa da Evapotranspiração Po‐
tencial de Referencia (ETo) para Região Norte Fluminense, RJ. Revista Brasileira de
Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental, Campina Grande, n.2, (2003). , 7, 275-279.
[13] Mendonça, J. C., Sousa, E. F., Andre, R. G. B., & Bernardo, S. Coeficientes do Tanque‐
Classe A para Estimativa de Evapotranspiração de Referência em Campos dos Goy‐
tacazes, RJ. Revista Brasileira de Agrometeorologia, n.1, (2006). , 14, 123-128.
[14] Penman, H. L. . Natural evaporation from open water, bare soil and grass."Proc. Roy.
Society.London, A193, (1948). , 120-146.
[15] Pereira, A. R., Villa, Nova. N. A., & Sediyama, G. C. Evapotranspiração; Piracicaba &
Fealq, 1997.
[16] Ramos, A. M.; Santos, L. A. R.; Fontes, L. T. G. (Organizadores). Normais Climatológ‐
icas do Brasil 1961-1990. Brasília, DF: Inmet, 465 p. 2009.
[17] Snyder, R. L. Equation for evaporation pan to evapotranspiration conversion. Journal
of Irrigation and Drainage Engineeringof ASCE, New York, n.6, (1992). , 118, 977-980.
275
276
Evapotranspiration - An Overview
[18] Thornthwaite, C. W. An approach toward a rational classification of climate. Geo‐
graphic Review, (1948). , 38.
[19] Villa, Nova. N. A., Miranda, J. H., Pereira, A. B., & Silva, K. O. Estimation of the Po‐
tential Evapotranspiration by a Simplified Penman Method. Revista Engenharia Ag‐
rícola, Jaboticabal, n.3, (2006). , 26, 713-721.
[20] Willmott, C. J. On the validation of model.Physical Geography. , n.2, , (1981). ., 2,
184-194.
[21] Zanetti, S. S.; Sousa, E. F.; Oliveira, V. P. S.; Almeida, F. T.; Bernardo, S. Estimating
evapotranspiration using artificial neural network and minimum climatological data.
Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering, v.33, n.2, p.83-89, 2007.
[22] Zanetti, S.S.; Sousa, E. F. ; Carvalho, D. F.; Bernardo, S. Estimação da evapotranspira‐
ção de referência no Estado do Rio de Janeiro usando redes neurais artificiais. Revis‐
ta Brasileira de EngenhariaAgrícola e Ambiental, v.12, n.2, p.174–180, 2008.