HEP/Astrop. related Hands-on Kits - Spring Meeting 2009

- Spring Meeting 2009
FEDER
HEP/Astrop.
related
Hands-on Kits
Maria Abreu, Pedro Abreu, Sofia Andringa, Luísa Arruda, Fernando
Barão, Gaspar Barreira, Nuno Barros, João Carvalho, André David,
Catarina Espírito Santo, Ana Farinha, João Gentil, Agostinho Gomes,
Patrícia Gonçalves, Amélia Maio, Luís Mendes, Paulo Moniz, António
Onofre, Paulo Parada, Luís Peralta, Rui Pereira, João Pina, Robertus
Potting, Catarina Quintans, Paulo Sá, Helena Santos, Sandra Soares,
Bernardo Tomé, Sara Valente
@ECSITE,
Milano,IT
03/06/09
Summary
Hands-on and detector kits for Science Centres:
v  Experimental models
v  Spark Chamber
v  Desktop Cloud Chamber
v  Muon Lifetime experiment
v  Radiation Detectors in the Environment
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
2/16
Auger Model(s)
v  Auger Detectors model (w/ LEDs), featuring both Surface
Detector tanks and Fluorescence Detector telescopes
v  Model built in Karlsruhe by KIT (IFK)
v  In display at Malargüe P.Auger South Observatory
v  In display at Amadora’s Science Centre (on loan from LIP)
v  Displaying real selected events (not online)
v  Model for telescope’s PMT Camera with 440 LEDs being
prepared and built by LIP, expected for tests this summer
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
3/11
Auger South Obs. Model (©KIT)
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
4/11
Spark Chamber
v  Table top detailed design from Henk Tiecke @ NIKHEF
v  Total cost for 10 k€+V.A.T., 3 produced at LIP (Coimbra)
v  One bought by and in use at Amadora’s Science Centre,
in the actual exhibition, and then available to loan to
other Science Centres, when exhibition changed
v  Gas (inert, Helium+Neon) required, provided from special
company (e.g., Air Liquide), full ch. lasts for ~2 months
v  Proximity sensor strongly advised
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
5/16
Spark Chamber diploma(s)
no
Laboratório de Instrumentação e Física Experimental de Partículas
Lisboa, Portugal, 38º 46’ 19.71” N
9º 05’ 38.45” W
Câmara de faíscas e raios cósmicos
Os raios cósmicos que atingem a alta atmosfera terrestre são constituídos, principalmente, por protões de
alta energia que se deslocam com velocidade elevada. À medida que se dirigem para a superfície da Terra
colidem com átomos do ar, criando novas partículas. Estes choques produzem um “chuveiro cósmico”.
Algumas destas partículas são paradas pela atmosfera, e para as detectarem os físicos elevam o seu
equipamento em balões ou aviões. Outras partículas atingem o solo, como aquelas registadas na câmara
de faíscas. Umas poucas penetram profundamente na Terra e são registadas por detectores subterrâneos
ou colocados no oceano.
Bruno Pereira 22 de Novembro de 2008, 11:30
Passam alguns raios cósmicos por segundo através do teu
corpo, sempre. Olha para a câmara de faíscas – cada
flash é a trajectória descrita por um raio cósmico.
A câmara de faíscas está cheia com uma mistura gasosa
especial. Os raios cósmicos arrancam electrões dos
átomos do gás. Esses electrões são acelerados em
direcção a placas metálicas, dispostas em camadas dentro
da câmara, dando origem a faíscas que são pequenos
relâmpagos ao longo do percurso do raio cósmico.
Podemos assim visualizar facilmente a sua trajectória.
Este Raio Cósmico é-te oferecido pelo LIP com o apoio:
Certificate for unique CR offered...
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
6/16
Cloud Chambers
v  Desktop design and materials description from CERN’s activity with the
Portuguese Teachers in the National Teachers .pt week.
v  Built 3 sets of acrilic boxes, metal plates painted black, wooden tray
v  Few Kg of Dry Ice (frozen CO2) bought from gas company (e.g, Praxair)
v  Used garden gloves to deal with the dry ice
v  In display at events or upon request
v  Shows the passage of cosmic rays
v  Greatly enhanced interest to see the particles, if we put a radioactive
rock inside the box – than the traces are much bigger and better seen
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
7/16
Cloud chambers
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
8/11
Cloud chambers
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
9/11
Muon Lifetime experiment
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
10/11
Radiation detectors & environment
v  Radiation and the Environment is a LIP project in
collaboration with 25 schools (spread over the country)
v  Had 2 workshops where students presented their results
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
11/11
Conclusions
v  With EPPOG’s and CERN’s help, LIP has built detectors to be
used in Science Fairs and Science Centres
v  When Scientists explaining things is possible, is a major gain
v  Science centres manifested interest in such small detectors
that show otherwise unseen particles (one sold to a Sc.C.)
v  Kits can be built without big investments
(biggest being the spark chamber at ~10k€+VAT),
and some can be built/used in the school’s classroom
June 3rd, 2009
Pedro Abreu @ EPPOG-Meeting Spring’09, Milano, .it
12/16