1 Appendix S1 Distributional and ecological data for 167

1 Appendix S1 Distributional and ecological data for 167

Appendix S1 Distributional and ecological data for 167 seed plant species found in permanent plots on the La Selva–Volcán Barva
gradient (Lieberman et al., 1996); ordination score from a detrended correspondence analysis (i.e. ranks according to samples in which
species occurred); pollination system (B: bat; H: hummingbird; I: insect; U: unknown; W: wind), breeding system (D: dioecious; H:
hermaphroditic; M: monoecious), weighted mean elevation (i.e. accounting for the number of conspecific individuals found in each
plot), and range in elevation (i.e. highest elevation – lowest elevation at which a species was found). Note that we have retained the
original taxonomy used by Lieberman et al. (1996); readers are encouraged to confirm current family and species names.
Ordination
Score
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Genus
Pterocarpus
Astrocaryum
Otoba
Rauvolfia
Pentaclethra
Goethalsia
Hernandia
Warscewiczia
Welfia
Rinorea
Laetia
Colubrina
Carapa
Socratea
Apeiba
species
officinalis
alatum
novogranatensis
purpurascens
macroloba
meiantha
didymanthera
coccinea
georgii
deflexiflora
procera
spinosa
nicaraguensis
exorrhiza
membranacea
Family
Fabaceae
Arecaceae
Myristicaceae
Apocynaceae
Fabaceae
Malvaceae
Hernandiaceae
Rubiaceae
Arecaceae
Violaceae
Salicaceae
Rhamnaceae
Meliaceae
Arecaceae
Tiliaceae
Pollination
System
I
W
I
I
I
U
I
H
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
Breeding
System
H
M
D
H
H
H
M
H
M
H
H
H
D
M
H
Mean
Elevation
(m)
30.0
33.4
52.5
46.2
56.1
59.4
59.2
78.2
64.8
53.8
60.6
58.5
294.4
81.6
147.7
Range in
Elevation
(m)
0
70
270
40
70
70
70
60
270
30
270
470
720
720
460
1
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
Trichilia
Anaxagorea
Capparis
Vochysia
Virola
Brosimum
Iriartea
Protium
Doliocarpus
Protium
Virola
Inga
Ampelocera
Faramea
Quararibea
Naucleopsis
Quararibea
Veconcibea
Guarea
Inga
Lacunaria
Andira
Tapirira
Bauhinia
Stryphnodendron
Pourouma
Pourouma
Ferdinandusa
Protium
Minquartia
Macrolobium
moritzii
crassipetala
pittieri
ferruginea
sebifera
lactescens
gigantea
pittieri
coriaceous
panamense
koschnyi
pezizifera
macrocarpa
terreyae
bracteolosa
naga
dolichopoda
pleiostema
bullata
coruscans
panamensis
inermis
guianensis
sp. (1201)
excelsum
aspera
minor
panamensis
glabrum
guianensis
costaricense
Meliaceae
Annonaceae
Capparaceae
Vochysiaceae
Myristicaceae
Moraceae
Arecaceae
Burseraceae
Dilleniaceae
Burseraceae
Myristicaceae
Fabaceae
Ulmaceae
Rubiaceae
Malvaceae
Moraceae
Malvaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Meliaceae
Fabaceae
Quiinaceae
Fabaceae
Anacardiaceae
Fabaceae
Fabaceae
Cecropiaceae
Cecropiaceae
Rubiaceae
Burseraceae
Olacaceae
Fabaceae
I
I
B
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
H
I
I
B
U
B
U
I
U
U
I
I
I
I
W
W
U
I
I
I
D
H
H
H
D
D
M
D
H
D
D
H
M
H
H
D
H
D
D
H
D
H
D
H
H
D
D
H
D
H
H
104.5
110.4
109.6
170.8
131.1
84.6
128.8
130.2
190.0
179.2
186.0
136.5
221.2
164.0
170.5
174.9
240.0
153.8
203.7
189.0
205.0
253.1
312.4
196.6
228.6
246.3
269.8
307.1
257.4
280.6
264.1
260
460
710
230
720
260
720
460
430
470
470
460
270
470
720
720
200
710
720
470
260
710
720
960
710
710
705
200
680
455
455
2
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
Croton
Licania
Protium
Licania
Guarea
Pouteria
Pouteria
Cassipourea
Inga
Guatteria
Guarea
Tapura
Coussarea
Dendrobangia
Guatteria
Dussia
Micropholis
Mimosaceae
Casearia
Dendropanax
Inga
Euterpe
Ardisia
Guarea
Eschweilera
Psychotria
Dussia
Miconia
Licania
Matayba
Inga
schiedanus
hypoleuca
costaricense
affinis
sp.1 (4413)
standleyana
congestifolia
elliptica
thibaudiana
diospyroides
guidonia
colombiana
taurina
boliviana
aeruginosa
macroprophyllata
crotonoides
sp. (4619)
arborea
arboreus
longispica
macrospadix
opegrapha
rhopalocarpa
panamensis
sp. (6332)
cascatlanica
punctata
sp.1 (1708)
sp. (6605)
sapindoides
Euphorbiaceae
Chrysobalanaceae
Burseraceae
Chrysobalanaceae
Meliaceae
Sapotaceae
Sapotaceae
Rhizophoraceae
Fabaceae
Annonaceae
Meliaceae
Dichapetalaceae
Rubiaceae
Icacinaceae
Annonaceae
Fabaceae
Sapotaceae
Fabaceae
Salicaceae
Araliaceae
Fabaceae
Arecaceae
Myrsinaceae
Meliaceae
Lecythidaceae
Rubiaceae
Fabaceae
Melastomataceae
Chrysobalanaceae
Sapindaceae
Fabaceae
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
H
I
I
U
I
U
I
I
I
U
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
U
I
M
H
D
H
D
H
H
H
H
H
D
H
H
H
H
M
D
H
H
H
H
M
H
D
H
H
M
H
H
M
H
280.3
318.2
304.5
300.0
371.8
252.8
331.5
264.0
350.0
300.0
329.3
381.8
461.8
418.4
410.5
373.3
436.4
500.0
434.7
395.1
375.7
623.8
568.2
531.3
479.7
473.7
422.5
678.8
680.0
725.0
502.8
460
200
720
0
705
710
710
960
705
955
970
450
470
450
720
970
450
0
960
1210
1220
955
250
1210
700
900
710
710
500
450
1220
3
78
79
81
82
83
84
86
87
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
107
108
110
112
113
114
Hirtella
Alchornea
Macrohasseltia
Myrtaceae
Dystovomita
Pterocarpus
Vochysia
Calophyllum
Inga
Parathesis
Tovomita
Hyeronima
Licania
Helicostylis
Posoqueria
Myrtaceae
Myrtaceae
Ilex
Inga
Neea
Calatola
Guarea
Guarea
Guettarda
Guarea
Ruagea
Billia
Melastomataceae
Tetrorchidium
Eugenia
Guarea
tubiflora
sp. (2803)
macroterantha
sp.1 (5115)
pittieri
rohrii
allenii
brasiliense
densiflora H&P
chrysophylla
weddeliana
guatemalensis
sp.2 (1707)
tovarensis
sp. (6320)
sp.2 (5112)
sp.3 (5113)
sp.1 (606)
aff. venusta
psychotrioides
costaricensis
grandifolia
sp.2 (4411)
sp. (6313)
pittieri
caoba
columbiana
sp.1 (4326)
sp.1 (2826)
sp.1 (5109)
sp.3 (4410)
Chrysobalanaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Salicaceae
Myrtaceae
Clusiaceae
Fabaceae
Vochysiaceae
Clusiaceae
Fabaceae
Myrsinaceae
Clusiaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Chrysobalanaceae
Moraceae
Rubiaceae
Myrtaceae
Myrtaceae
Aquifoliaceae
Fabaceae
Nyctaginaceae
Icacinaceae
Meliaceae
Meliaceae
Rubiaceae
Meliaceae
Meliaceae
Hippocastanaceae
Melastomataceae
Euphorbiaceae
Myrtaceae
Meliaceae
I
I
I
I
U
I
I
I
H
U
I
I
I
W
I
I
I
I
U
I
U
I
I
U
I
I
I
I
U
I
I
H
D
H
H
D
H
H
D
H
H
D
D
H
D
H
H
H
D
H
D
D
D
D
H
D
D
M
H
D
H
D
709.1
687.5
730.8
750.0
731.6
625.4
787.5
781.8
771.1
720.3
909.1
921.9
904.8
946.4
958.3
925.0
980.8
975.0
982.1
1002.6
969.1
1000.0
1071.4
1083.3
1159.1
1166.7
1260.3
1175.0
1272.7
1250.0
1250.0
450
500
500
0
700
1210
500
700
955
1210
250
250
750
500
500
250
250
250
250
950
1200
750
250
500
250
1250
1700
250
1000
500
0
4
118
119
121
122
124
125
126
127
128
129
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
Elaeagia
Aiouea
Symphonia
Inga
Cecropia
Melastomataceae
Citharexylum
Ardisia
Inga
Oreopanax
Hyeronima
Alchornea
Guatteria
Prunus
Parathesis
Hillia
Vismia
Eugenia
Eugenia
Sapium
Oreopanax
Guarea
Miconia
Miconia
Tovomita
Matudaea
Tetrorchidium
Magnolia
Turpinia
Piper
Meliosma
auriculata
costaricensis
globulifera
sp.1 (4630)
polyphlebia
sp.2 (4321)
macradenium
palmana
sp.2 (4631)
standleyii
poasana
latifolia
oliviformis
annularis
adenanthera
valerii
sp. (3452)
storkii
sp.2 (5108)
sp. (2822)
alberti-smithii
sp.4 (4409)
sp.1 (4315)
sp.2 (4319)
nicaraguensis
trinervis
sp.2 (2825)
poasana
sp. (7101)
sp. (5603)
sp. (6503)
Rubiaceae
Lauraceae
Clusiaceae
Fabaceae
Cecropiaceae
Melastomataceae
Verbenaceae
Myrsinaceae
Fabaceae
Araliaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Annonaceae
Rosaceae
Myrsinaceae
Rubiaceae
Clusiaceae
Myrtaceae
Myrtaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Araliaceae
Meliaceae
Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae
Clusiaceae
Hamamelidaceae
Euphorbiaceae
Magnoliaceae
Staphyleaceae
Piperaceae
Sabiaceae
U
I
H
U
W
I
I
I
U
I
I
I
I
I
U
U
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
U
U
I
I
I
I
H
H
H
H
D
H
H
H
H
D
D
D
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
M
D
D
H
H
D
H
D
H
H
H
H
1306.2
1297.6
1397.8
1371.1
1390.0
1457.5
1458.3
1640.9
1500.0
1484.4
1653.2
1657.6
1631.1
1673.5
1583.3
1678.6
1673.9
1675.0
1736.8
1736.8
1795.5
1740.4
1807.7
1765.6
1800.0
1889.7
1862.5
1870.8
1933.3
1961.5
1928.6
750
750
1430
500
500
750
500
1970
0
250
1250
1250
500
1600
250
500
500
500
500
750
500
250
250
250
500
250
500
800
250
500
500
5
152
153
154
155
156
157
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
Ticodendron
Rapanea
Turpinia
Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae
Drymis
Weinmannia
Miconia
Weinmannia
Zinowiewia
Viburnum
Symplocos
Quercus
Guettarda
Didymopanax
Brunellia
Cornus
Ilex
Podocarpus
Clusia
Dendropanax
Ardisia
Ilex
Oreopanax
Beilschmiedia
Eupatorium
Clethra
Melastomataceae
incognitum
arborea
occidentalis
sp.3 (4314)
sp.4 (4317)
winteri
pinnata
sp.3 (4311)
wercklei
costaricensis
mexicanum
sp. (7301)
tonduzii
poasana
pittieri
costaricensis
disciflora
sp.2 (604)
oleifolius
odorata
sp. (702)
sp. (5005)
vulcanicola
xalapensis
sp. (3703)
sp. (2000)
cf. gelida
sp.5 (4308)
Ticodendraceae
Myrsinaceae
Staphyleaceae
Melastomataceae
Melastomataceae
Winteraceae
Cunoniaceae
Melastomataceae
Cunoniaceae
Celastraceae
Caprifoliaceae
Symplocaceae
Fagaceae
Rubiaceae
Araliaceae
Brunelliaceae
Cornaceae
Aquifoliaceae
Podocarpaceae
Clusiaceae
Araliaceae
Myrsinaceae
Aquifoliaceae
Araliaceae
Lauraceae
Asteraceae
Clethraceae
Melastomataceae
W
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
U
W
U
I
U
I
I
W
I
I
I
I
I
I
I
U
I
D
D
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
H
M
H
H
H
H
D
D
D
H
H
D
D
H
H
H
H
1914.6
1992.6
1990.0
2050.0
2000.0
2009.5
2225.0
2166.7
2202.1
2123.9
2304.3
2184.7
2207.7
2225.0
2357.5
2445.9
2253.8
2300.0
2300.0
2370.0
2526.4
2460.3
2500.9
2600.0
2580.0
2600.0
2600.0
2600.0
250
800
550
550
0
900
850
1050
1100
800
1100
850
300
300
300
850
300
0
0
600
300
300
300
0
300
0
0
0
6