QUEM É A BYD? - ZONA Elétrica

Como construir nossos sonhos no Brasil?
Desafios e oportunidades para a energia solar
fotovoltaica no Brasil
Desafios e oportunidades para a energia
solar fotovoltaica no Brasil
Adalberto Maluf
Diretor de Marketing e
Relações Governamentais
[email protected]
BYD Brasil e BYD Energy
Nossos três sonhos
Energia
Solar
Armazenamento
Eficiente de
Acessível
Energia
Mobilidade
Elétrica
QUEM É A BYD?
 Fundada em 1995, a BYD tem 180.000 funcionários em mais de 20 fábricas
(sendo 15.000 engenheiros pesquisadores);
 2º maior produtor de componentes para celulares, tablets e laptops do mundo;
 Maior fabricante mundial de baterias recarregáveis do mundo;
 Maior fabricante global de sistemas de armazenamento energia
(Energy Storage System).
 Maior fabricante de carros elétricos e híbridos plug-in do mundo
(1º Vendas Totais em 2015);
 Maior fabricante de ônibus e caminhão elétrico do mundo.
New Energy
Business
IT Business
Auto
Business
LCD/LCM
Cell Phone Design
Electric Vehicle
Auto Electronics
Microelectronics
Cell Phone
Solar power Station
Auto Tooling
Li-ion Battery
Assembly
Energy Storage Station
Engine & Motor
Iron-Phosphate
Laptop PC
LED
Auto Decoration
Battery
Camera Module
UPS/DPS
Whole Vehicle
Partner of Most World Well
Known IT Companies
For IT Components
Manufacturing & ODM Service
World-leading PV &
Energy Storage Station
Manufacturer with
Projects
all around the World
World NO.1
Battery Electric Vehicle
Manufacturer
BYD R&D Institutes
Technology-based
Innovation-oriented
Auto
Engineering
Research
Institute
Vehicle Integrated Packaging and Adaptation
Vehycle Design
Electric/Electrical Design
Auto Testing Center
Oil Sludge Model Formation
Green Energy Truck Design
Auto Electrical Design
Special Vehicle Design
Chassis Design
NVH
Interior & Exterior Design
CAE
Ceramics
Materials
Engineering Plastics
Advanced Ceramics
Polymer
Materials
Metal Materials
Magnetism Materials
BYD R&D
Institutes
Functional Materials
Surface Tech.
Central
Research
Institute
Applied Materials
Rubber Materials
Optoelectronics Tech.
Electric
Power
Research
Institute
Energy Storage Station
Solar Power Station
DESS (Distributed Energy Storage System)
Inverters
Optoelectronics
Technology
Faturamento 2015
R$ 43,75 bilhões
(US$ 12,5 bilhões)
﹩12.502
﹩9,047
﹩8,596
﹩7,800
﹩7,650
﹩7,100
Employees
﹩6,000
180,000 180,000 180,000 180,000
﹩4,000
﹩3,105
150,000
130,000
﹩2,000
Revenue(Million USD)
﹩952
﹩127
﹩62
﹩31
﹩13
13,000
﹩0.3
﹩7.3
7,000
20
200
800 4,000
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
﹩190
15,000
2000
﹩586
﹩337
26,000
36,000
20,000
2001
2002
2003
2004
﹩967
180,000 180,000
120,000
100,000
55,000
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014 2015
Alguns prêmios recentes da BYD
2015: Zero Emissions Energy Ecosystem
UN-DESA - Sustainable Development Agenda.
2015: Fortune: 15th Companies to Change the World
2014: Changfu Wang, fundador da BYD ganhou prêmio da
ONU Zayed Future Energy Prize Lifetime Achievement
2013: “Crush Test Facility of the Year 2013” - ATTI
2012: Chinese Patent Award of Excellence by State
Intellectual Property Office of People's Republic
of China
2014: Sustainia Award – Top 10 Global Innovators
in Clean Tech.
2011 China’s Most Admired Companies (Ranked 7th)
by Fortune Magazine (No.1 in auto sector)
2010: Bloomberg Bussiness Week
Top 10 most Innovative Companies
Changfu Wang, presidente da BYD e o presidente dos
Emirados Árabes, Sheikh Sultan bin Zayed bin Khalifah
BYD BRASIL
2014: BYD anuncia sua vinda para Campinas
2015/ Junho: Inauguração da unidade de
Ônibus Elétrico em Campinas.
• Centro de P&D e protótipos.
• Finalização de ônibus elétricos.
• Montagem de pacotes de baterias
2016/ Maio: Segunda fase da Unidade Campinas.
2019: Fabricação de células de baterias no Brasil
BYD ENERGY
2015: Anúncio da fábrica de 400 MW no Brasil
2016/ Dez: Previsão da inauguração da primeira
unidade com capacidade para 200 MW
de painéis solares fotovoltaicos/ano.
Campinas
Campinas
MOBILIDADE ELETRICA
On-Road
Off-Road
Veículos
para Portos
Ônibus Urbanos
Taxis e
Frotas
Públicas
Veículos em
Aeroportos
Entregas
Gestão de
Resíduos
Logística e
Empilhadeiras
Ônibus
Rodoviários
e Fretados
Logistica e
Construção
Veículos
Passeio
Veículos de
Mineração
PORTFOLIO DE VEÍCULOS ELÉTRICOS
E HÍBRIDOS PLUGINS PARA FROTAS PÚBLICAS
Frotas de Alto Desempenho (táxis, viaturas policiais, transporte executivo, car sharing)
ou Aplicações Urbanas onde a redução de poluentes e de ruídos for importantes ,
como: Entregas urbanas, caminhões de lixo e betoneiras, etc)
CARROS E ÔNIBUS ELÉTRICOS AMPLAMENTE
UTILIZADOS NO MUNDO EM DIVERSAS APLICAÇÔES
ENERGY STORAGE
20-year
largest
battery manufacturing experience.
The world’s
Iron-phosphate battery output capacity, covering
20%
of the global capacity.
BATTERY TECHNOLOGY
Iron-Phosphate Battery
Long life
cycle
Safe and reliable
Environmentally
Friendly
Retention rate capacity is still over 70% after 10,000
charging cycles (almost 30 years).
The Iron-Phosphate Battery undergoes extremely harsh
tests – flames, short circuit, prodding, striking, extreme
heat, extrusion and overcharge. It does not burn or
explode even when put into the fire.
Flames
Short Circuit
Prodding
Striking
Extreme Heat
Extrusion
No Pollution throughout the whole
production process!
BATTERY TECHNOLOGY
Iron-Phosphate Battery
LiCoO2
Heat Stability
Resolve and
release O² at
180℃
Energy Density
150-160 Wh/kg
Applicability
Cell phone,
laptop
Chemical Principle &
Lifetime
LiMn2O4
Melting temperature is higher
than LiCoO2
Lower than LiCoO2
and higher than LiFePO4 battery
Vehicles ( Japanese cars)
Li（NiCoMn）O2
unstable under high
temperatures and Co is
scarce
Stable structure even at
600℃. No O2 release
150-160 Wh/kg
100-110 Wh/kg
laptop, Vehicles (Japanese Vehicles, energy storage
cars)
stations
Under 50 degrees, the cathode
material Mn will melt into electrolyte,
shortening its lifetime
* Currently, there are four kinds of Lithium -ion batteries
LiFePO4
Ferric iron is very stable and
will not undergo chemical
changes. Long lasting lifetime
* Battery safety is categorized into "electricity safety" and “heat safety”
The Iron-Phosphate Battery meets both Chinese and the stringent US FMVSS standards
BYD Has Chosen the Iron-Phosphate Battery to Ensure the Safety
BYD Iron-Phosphate battery production capacity 2015: 10GWh (the largest in the
world)
BYD ESS Schematic Diagram
The BYD ESS is consist of 3 main parts:
Iron-Phosphate Battery, battery management system and power conversion
system.
Grid
0.4kV AC Bus
Power Conversion system
Power Conversion system
BMS
Battery bank
ESS Unit
BMS
Battery bank
ESS Unit
Utility ESS – Containers Modulares
BYD Containerized ESS are housed in standard waterproof 20ft or 40ft shipping container.
BYD can also provide customized products base on the basic unit. Main parts shown as follows:
 Power conversion system and local control system
 Battery and battery management system
 Auxiliary equipment: including air-conditioning, fire suppression and lighting
3MW/12MWh
6MW/36MWh
Soluções Armazenamento de Energia
≥ 1 MW
BYD Energy Storage
250KW/500KWh
≤ 100KW
200KW/500KWh
Micro
Grid
System
200KW/800KWh
Utility
Scale
ESS
50KW/45KWh 50KW/60KWh
Community
System
≤ 10KW
Distributed Energy Storage System
Home Based
System
≤ 1KW
Off
Grid
Off-grid
Home Based System
Community System
Utility Scale Project
Projetos na China
Mais de 250MWh ESS entregues pelo mundo até Dez. 2015.
Zhangbei 1MW/1MWh ESS
Sinkiang 2MW PCS
Zhangbei100kW/400KWh ESS
State Grid 9MW/36MWh ESS
ENN Hebei Langfang 100KW/400KWh ESS
Tianjin150kW/300kWh ESS
Shanxi 132KW Charging Cabinet
Heilongjiang
Inner Mongolia1.2MW/1.2MWh ESS
Beijing 100kW/100kWh ESS
Qinghai 10MW PV Ⅰ
Jilin
Xinjiang
Qinghai 10MW PV Ⅱ
Gansu
Tibet Ali 2MW/5.32MWh ESS
Hebei
Shaanxi
Shandong
Ningxia
Qinghai
Sichuan 100kW/100kWh ESS
Shanxi
Tibet
Henan
Hubei
Sichuan
Jiangsu 100kW/400kWh ESS
Jiangsu 35kW/37kWh ESS
Nanjing 100kW/60kWh ESS
Jiangsu
Shanghai 100kW/80kWh ESS
Shanghai 50kW/50kWh ESS
Anhui
Zhejiang
Changsha 10MW/20MWh ESS
CGNPC 2.5MW/3.5MWh ESS
CGNPC 500kW/500kWh ESS
Liaoning
Inner Mongolia
Beijing 15kW/19kWh ESS
Guizhou
Hunan
Yunnan
Guangxi
Pujiang 50kW/160kWh ESS
Jiangxi
Fujian
Guangdong
Taiwan
HK 100kW Charging Cabinet
Shenzhen 18.7 MW EV Charging Cabinet
Shenzhen Pingshan Roof PV Project-10.8MW PV
Hainan
Shenzhen 200kW/800kWh ESS
South Grid 3MW/12MWh ESS
Shenzhen 1MW PV Demonstration
Station
Shenzhen 20MW/40MWh ESS
Pelo mundo
Italy 1MW/1MWh ESS Ⅰ
Italy 1MW/1MWh ESS Ⅱ
UK 250kW/250kWh ESS Ⅰ
UK 250kW/250kWh ESS Ⅱ
UK 4MW/5.5MWh ESS
Canada 4MW/2MWh ESS
Switzerland 150kW/130kWh ESS
Switzerland 50kW/60kWh ESS
Switzerland DESS
Italy DESS
America 200kW/500kWh ESS
Greece DESS
America 2.5MW/5MWh ESS
America 2MW/4MWh ESSⅠ
Germany DESS
America 2MW/4.4MWh ESS Ⅱ
France 19.8MW/7.865MWh
France DESS
America EPRI 50kW/50kWh ESS
Senegal DESS
Thailand DESS
America 250kW/500kW ESS
America 4MW/2MWh ESS
Qatar 250kW ESS
America 19.8MW/7.865MWh ESSⅠ
America 31.6MW/12.06MWh ESSⅠ
South Africa 200kW/1.2MWh ESS
America 31.6MW/12.06MWh ESS Ⅱ
America 19.8MW/7,865MWh ESS Ⅱ
USA
Germany
France
Greece
Australia
Australia DESS
Italy
Qatar
UK
Canada
Projetos de referência
USA 31.5MW FR Project 2
USA 19.8MW FR Project 2
USA 19.8MW FR Project 1
Finish time
Sep. 2015
Finish time
Aug. 2015
Finish time
Jul. 2015
Location
west Virgina, USA
Location
WC ,USA
Location
Joliet, USA
Capacity
31/5MW/12MWh
Capacity
19.8MW/7.865MWh
Capacity
19.8MW/7.865MWh
Canada 4MW FR Project
USA 4MW FR Project
USA 2.5MW Smart grid
Finish time
Jun. 2014
Finish time
Apr. 2014
Finish time
Jul. 2015
Location
Ontario Canada
Location
Ohio USA
Location
San Diego. USA
Capacity
4MW/2MWh
Capacity
4MW/2MWh
Capacity
2.5MW/5MWh
Projetos de referência
USA 2MW Micro-grid
USA 250kW Micro-grid
USA 200kW Peak load shifting
Finish time
Dec. 2011
Finish time
Dec. 2012
Finish time
Jul. 2012
Location
Santa, USA
Location
Doha, Qatar
Location
NC USA
Capacity
2MW/4MWh
Capacity
250kW/500kWh
Capacity
200kW/500kWh
USA 2MW Backup Supply
South Africa 200kW Demo project
UK 250kW ESS project
Finish time
Jun. 2015
Finish time
Apr. 2015
Finish time
Nov. 2014
Location
USA
Location
South Africa
Location
UK
Capacity
2MW/4.4MWh
Capacity
200kW/1.2MWh
Capacity
250kW/250kWh*2
China State Grid 6MW/36MWH Project
Support Solar + Wind generation
Current status
More generation but less consumption of the renewable energy in this region.
Lots of wind farms in North of China, but the output is not stable, lots of wind
power was waste. Energy Storage is deemed to be a good option to resolve
this problem,
ZhangBei State Grid Renewable Generation Site was designed by
SGCC and is part of the National “Golden Sun” program
BYD commissioned 36MWh here in 12/30/11
ENERGIA SOLAR
2
5
75MW Kalkbult Project in South Africa
Production Chain
Solar Grade Silicon
Polycrystalline
Ingot
Shang Luo
Shangluo Plant
was built on Dec.,
2008, and the
area is around
270,000 sq. m2
Polycrystalline
Wafer
Polycrystalline
Cell
Polycrystalline
Module
Shang Hai
Shanghai Plant
was built on
Aug., 2002. BYD
PV Shanghai
factory is for
module
assembly since
July, 2010.
Quality Guarantee
Independent Technical Advisor Audit Reports
from Belgium, April 19th, 2011
from Italy, July 29th, 2011
from USA, Aug 2012
from USA, Jan 4th, 2012
ISO 9001
Factory Certificates
ISO 14001
OHSAS18001
Independent Third Party Test Report
4 times strength test based on IEC standard.
Enhanced thermal UV-Test
Enhanced thermal cycling test
Enhanced damp heat test
BYD PV Module has a very good quality based on the test report.
After 3000 hours damp heat the performance loss is only -1 %
Projetos de referência
Operating Date
Sep. 2013
Operating Date
June 2015
Operating Date
Mar 20142015
Charanka Solar Park,
Gujarat, India
50MW
(39MW used BYD module)
Location
South Africa
Location
Uruguay
Location
Project Size
75 MW
(Financed by Standard Bank)
Project Size
65 MW
(Financed by IDB)
Project Size
Operating Date
June 2016 (ET time)
Operating Date
Dec 2014
Operating Date
June 2016 ( ET time)
Location
Honduras
Location
CA, USA
Location
Jordan
Project Size
59.6MW
Project Size
26MW + 26MW
(Financed by Duke Energy)
Project Size
43 MW
( Financed by EBRD and Proparco)
Projetos de referência
Operating Date
Location
Project Size
June / July 2012
Herzogtum Lauenburg
(Schleswig-Holstein,Germany)
24.4MW
(Financed by Bremer Landesbank)
Operating Date
Location
Project Size
Dec 2015
Operating Date
Oct. 2014
Location
TN, the USA
21.5 MW
Project Size
20MW
Operating Date
Project Size
USA
Operating Date
April, 2013
Operating Date
Location
City of Halberstadt, Germany
Location
Mar. 2015
Rolleston Park, Tutbury, Burton-onTrent, Staffordshire,UK
Project Size
18.2 MW
(Financed by DKB)
Project Size
18 MW
Location
Mar. 2013
MIOS (33), France
10.4MW
Módulo 2.0
Three junction boxes
24busbar
Frameless
Glass back-sheet
Silicone encapsulant
PIB rubber edge sealant
Módulo 1.0
vs Módulo 2.0
No Frame
Front Glass
PIB Rubber
Silicone Glue
Cell
Silicone Glue
Reflective Layer
Back Glass
Installation Block
Modulo Convencional
Module 2.0
Porque
Silicone
VSe não
EVA
cola de
silício
EVA?
Silicone Encapsulant
EVA
Transparency
96% , no UV absorber
91%, UV cut off
Moisture Absorption
Acetic Acid
Snail Trail
< 0.05%
N
N
0.28%
Y
Y
Mechanical Characteristic
softness
stiffer
Electrical Characteristic
( 1E+15 Ω·cm)
(1E+14Ω·cm)
UV Stability
Stable chemical structure
Degrade after UV absorber
exhausted
Silicone Si-O Bond
ΔE=452kJ/mol
UV light (374kJ/mol)
EVA C-C Bond
ΔE=347kJ/mol
Lifetime PID
Free
0.3%
power degradation/year
1500V
1000V
275
100%
-0.89%
-0.71%
-3.55%
245
230
Conventional module
Module 2.0
Efficiency left %
260
95%
90%
Module 2.0
Conventional Module
215
-15.93%
80%
0
200
initial
Pmax
48h
96h
144h
192h
240 h
PID Standard test condition:
85%/85oC for 96 h under -1000V,
power loss <5%
288 h
2.000
4.000
6.000
8.000
85oC,85% /h
Silicone: power degradation is less than 5% after
7,000hs damp-heat test
EVA: degradation is more than 5% after 2000hs.
Total Service 50 years
Snail Trail Free
Minimized the Impact of Micro-crack
no dark area and micro
crack
dark area due to micro
crack; power loss
High System Voltage 1,000V
1,500V
1,500V
17
25
Conventional
module A
Conventional
module B
Module 2.0
Initial EL Photo
Initial EL Photo
Initial EL Photo
EL Photo after PID test
EL Photo after PID test
EL Photo after PID test
The Most Robust Structure Design
Mechanical load test__5400Pa, Front
The EL pictures after
Mechanical Load test
Dual Glass Module
Dual-Glass modules
Conventional Module
Antes
do teste
5400Pa
loading test
Conventional modules
Depois
do teste
Hail test
Diameter D/mm
Velocity V/m·S-1
IEC
30
25
Enhance
50
35
Conventional
module
50mm
Module 2.0
Múltiplas maneiras de instalação
A
B
C
Embalagem (Dual Glass Module Package)
Module Type
PCS/pallet
Pallet/container PCS/container
Module 2.0
34
24
Conventional
module
26
28
Module 2.0
32
21
Conventional
module
26
22
816
60cell
10.8%
728
672
72cell
14.9%
572
Performance Superior
Lifetime
PID Free
7% power
IP67
immediate
improvement
For The
Whole
Module
Higher
1500V
50
high
voltage
system
Snail
Trail
Free
years’
service
time
High
Temperature
And High
Humidity
Endurance
0.3%
power
degradation
/year
Mechanical
Strength
Hail
Proof
Maior capacidade de geração – Maior
Retorno
Yearly Irradiance: 1800 KW/㎡/year
80.000
Cerca de 2,23 vezes mais
energia gerada se comparada
com módulos convencionais
na vida útil do produto
70.000
60.000
Electricity/KWh
240%
50.000
220%
200%
180%
40.000
160%
30.000
20.000
11.5% +Energia
140%
10.000
gerada que módulos
convencioanis
120%
0
1
6
11
16
21
26
31
36
41
100%
46
0.3% yearly degradation of Silicone VS 0.7% yearly degradation of EVA.
E A INDUSTRIA LOCAL?
2015 foi ano de consolidação das energias renováveis no mundo e no Brasil.
1.5 MW Japão
2,2 MW Bélgica
Fábrica da BYD em Shenshen
ENERGIA SOLAR FOTOVOLTÁICA
MOMENTO FAVORÀVEL
 Situação no Brasil (3 leilões com 3 GW em projetos em andamento).
 Outros leilões no futuro devem garantir demanda firme.
 Política de atração de investimentos para produção local (FINAME/ PADIS).
 Gerador de empregos e renda (enconmia regional).
 Resolução Normativa da ANEEL 482 (2012) – Micro e Minigeração.
 Isenção de ICMS na geração distribuída em alguns Estados.
 Resolução Normativa 682 (entrou vigor em 2016)
 Aumento de 1 MW para 5 MW.
 Permite o uso de créditos em outros locais (mesma empresa).
 “Geração Compartilhada” – Consórcios, cooperativas e condomínios.
 Melhoria Prazos (Créditos passam de 36 para 60 meses e redução
prazo de 82 para 34 dias para distribuidoras fazerem a coneção – Até 75 kW).
ENERGIA SOLAR FOTOVOLTÁICA
DESAFIOS AINDA SÃO ENORMES
 VETO AOS ANEXOS DO PADIS.
Situação desigual de termos mais impostos sobre os insumos para produção
dos painéis solares em relação ao painel pronto (Carga de 36-46% contra 12%
painel importado).
 Isenção do PIS/COFINS (gerador habilitado no REIDI tem essas isenções),
então eles se transformam em custos ao produto local (isonomia com outras
formas de geração de energia).
 Isenção de ICMS sobre os insumos.
 Alguns Estados ainda não reduziram ICMS sobre a geração descentralizada,
aumentando o tempo de payback e dificultando sua ainserção.
 INMETRO aumentar a regra em relação ao sistema de etiquetagem.
OBRIGADO
Adalberto Maluf
Diretor de Marketing e
Relações Governamentais
BYD Brasil
[email protected]