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52a Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de
Zootecnia
Zootecnia: Otimizando Recursos e Potencialidades
Belo Horizonte – MG, 19 a 23 de Julho de 2015
Performace of broilers (29-42 days old) feed diets supplemented with L-arginine¹
Sérgio Turra Sobrane Filho2, Paulo Borges Rodrigues3, Márvio, Lobão Teixeira de Abreu3, Antonio Carlos de
Laurentiz4, Eduardo Machado Costa Lima2, Fernanda Canova Jordan5, Taciany Cristina Messias6
1
Part of the first author's PhD thesis, funded by INCT-CA
PhD students in Animal Science-UFLA, Lavras, Brasil, fellow CNPQ, e-mail: [email protected]
Professors of Animal Science Departament- UFLA, Lavras, Brasil
4
Professor of Biology and Animal Science Departamente-UNESP, Ilha Solteira, Brasil
5
Master's student in Animal Science-UFLA, Lavras, Brasil
6
Animal Science students- UFLA, Lavras, Brasil
2
3
Abstract: This study investigate the effects of different additional levels of L-arginine on the performance of broiler
chickens in the periods 29-42 days old. It used 780 broiler males and females Cobb 500® lineage, at 29 days of age
and distributed in a randomized block design, and the blocky experiment site (boxes e cages), in factorial 2x5 (sex x
levels L-arginine), three repetitions of 23 birds in boxes and three bird in cages, for sex. The L-arginine
supplementation levels were 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2% higher than recommended by the Brazilian tables. At 42 days
of age were measured feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion. Weight gain and feed intake did not differ when
comparing the levels of supplementation with L-arginine, occurring only difference regarding sex, which was
expected. Feed conversion was affected by supplementation L-arginine, the birds receiving 1,2% supplementation Larginine showed a 3% better feed conversion (1.699) without supplementation (1,759). Supplementation with Larginine did not provide any negative effects for both sexes in the period and at the levels tested.
Keywords: amino acid, feed conversion, poultry
Desempenho zootécnico de frangos de corte dos 29 aos 42 dias de idade alimentados com dietas
suplementados com L-arginina
Resumo: Avaliaram-se os efeitos de diferentes níveis suplementares de L-arginina no desempenho zootécnico de
frangos de corte no período de 29 a 42 dias de idade. Foram utilizados 780 frangos de corte machos e, fêmeas da
linhagem Cobb 500®, aos 29 dias de idade e distribuídos em um delineamento em blocos casualizados, sendo o local
experimental blocado (boxes e gaiolas), em esquema fatorial 2x5 (sexo x níveis de L-arginina), três repetições de 23
aves nos boxes e três aves gaiolas, por sexo. Os níveis de L-arginina suplementados foram: 0, 0,3, 0,6, 0,9 e 1,2%
acima do recomendado pelas tabelas brasileiras. Aos 42 dias de idade foram mensurados o consumo de ração, ganho
de peso e a conversão alimentar. O ganho de peso e o consumo de ração não diferiram quando comparados os níveis
de suplementação com L-arginina, ocorrendo apenas a diferença em relação ao sexo, a qual já era esperada. Para
conversão alimentar, as aves que receberam 1,2% de suplementação com L-arginina apresentaram uma conversão
3% melhor (1,699) sem suplementação (1,759), ocorrendo efeito da suplementação. A suplementação com L-arginina
não propiciou nenhum efeito negativo para ambos os sexos no período e nos níveis testados.
Palavras–chave: aminoácidos, conversão alimentar, aves
Introduction
Arginine is essential amino acid for the birds by do not have most of the urea cycle enzymes, thus not getting
their formation by endogenous pathways, however, besides being an essential amino. Wu (2010) classifies arginine
as functional amino acids by regulate diverse important metabolic pathways in animal’s body working in health,
growth and reproduction.
L-arginine supplementation has been discussed as a way to decrease body fat in swine and broiler chicken.
This studies showed that inclusion levels of 1 to 2% L-arginine was effective in reducing the fat deposition,
cholesterol and triglyceride in these animals, due to influence the enzymes involved in the lipogenesis process and
favoring protein synthesis (Tan et al, 2009;. Fouad et al, 2013). However, for the broiler production is important to
pay attention to the influence of supplementation in performance data and the possible effects caused. Thus, because
of the new evidence on L-arginine this study investigated the effects of different additional levels of L-arginine on
the performance of broiler chickens in the period 29-42 days old.
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52a Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de
Zootecnia
Zootecnia: Otimizando Recursos e Potencialidades
Belo Horizonte – MG, 19 a 23 de Julho de 2015
Material and Methods
The experiment was conducted at the Poultry Sector of the Department of Animal Science- Federal University
of Lavras in the months from November to December 2014. In total, 780 broilers (Cobb 500®) males (1.397±39g)
and females (1.287±32g) at 29 days old were used in the experiment. The birds were reared in a conventional broiler
shed until they were 29 days old and subsequently transferred in boxes with dimensions of 1,5 X 2,0 m and cages
with dimensions of 50 X 50 X 40 cm. The broilers were distributed in a randomized block design, the block is
experimental site (boxes and cages), in a factorial arrangement 2x5 (sex x L-arginine supplementation levels), with
three repetitions of 23 birds from boxes and three birds from cages, at sex. The L-arginine supplementation levels
were 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9 and 1.2% higher than recommended by the Brazilian tables. The birds received throughout the
experimental period (29 to 42 days old) the same basal diet, following the recommendations of Rostagno et al. (2011)
to the phase of and maintaining amino acid relationship according to the ideal protein concept, except for arginine.
The digestible arginine ratio proposed by Rostagno et al. (2011) is 108% of the value and lysine, in this experiment,
the digestible arginine levels were: 108, 135, 162, 189 and 216% compared to stage lysine (1.095).
The experimental units that mortality occurred the performance data were corrected. Mortality rates of birds
that received the experimental treatments had no relation to the inclusion of L-arginine in the diet. The total mortality
of the experiment rate was below 1%.
In 42 days old measured feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion. The data through the response variables
were subjected to an analysis of variance using of the program SISVAR 5.1 (FERREIRA, 2011) and in case of
statistical significance, means were analyzed by polynomial regression and compared by SNK test at level 5 %
probability.
Results and Discussion
The response variables (Table 1) of weight gain (P=0.281) and feed intake (P=0.577) there was no significant
interaction towards sex of animals and additional levels of L-arginine.
Table 1. Performance broilers (29-42 days) supplemented with different levels of L-arginine
L-arginine supplementation levels (LArg)
Sex (S)
0
0.3
0.6
0.9
1.2
Means¹
P value
S x LArg
Weight gain (kg)
0.281
Females
1.244
1.226
1.244
1.273
1.217
1.241
0.000
Males
1.432
1.500
1.550
1.530
1.568
1.516
Means
1.338
1.363
1.397
1.401
1.392
0.383
S x LArg
Feed intake (kg)
0.577
Females
2.240
2.173
2.196
2.251
2.205
2.213
0.000
Males
2.456
2.512
2.545
2.473
2.469
2.491
Means
2.348
2.343
2.370
2.362
2.337
0.968
S x LArg
Feed Conversion Ratio (kg/kg)1
0.099
Females
1.800
1.775
1.764
1.767
1.823
1.786
0,000
Males
1.719
1.674
1.640
1.618
1.575
1,645
2,3
Means
1.756a
1.726ab
1.702b
1.693b
1.699b
0,008
CV (%)
6.61
5.46
3,33
1.
C, D differ by F-test (P<0.05)
followed different letter differ by SNK test at 5% probability.
3
Linear Regression: FCR= 1.751-0.0664x (R² = 94.73%)
2 Means
The L-arginine supplementation levels not influenced the feed intake (P= 0.968) and weight gain (P=0.143)
(Table 1), occurring only significant difference (P=0.000) in relation to the sex of birds, which was expected. The
data corroborate Fouad et al. (2013), which found no difference in weight gain and feed intake of male broilers, they
supplemented levels 0-1% of L-arginine of 21 to 42 days old. However, data Al-Salih & Daraji (2012) reported an
improvement in weight gain and increased feed consumption of the birds that received treatments with minimal
supplementation of L-arginine levels between 0.02 and 0.06% on total rearing period (1 to 42 days of age).
Feed conversion variable not significant interaction (P=0.099), occurring difference in relation to the sex
(P=0.000) and L-arginine supplementation levels (P=0.008). The additional L-arginine increased linear improvement
(FCR = 1.714-0.0664x) for feed conversion ratio. Thus, the level of 1.2% of L-arginine supplementation reduced by
3.5% feed conversion when compared to the treatment without inclusion. Al-Daraji & Salih (2012) found an
improvement in feed conversion with the inclusion of 0.06% L-arginine, and they attributed this improvement in
conversion and overall performance of animals due to the arginine stimulate the secretion of growth hormone and
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52a Reunião Anual da Sociedade Brasileira de
Zootecnia
Zootecnia: Otimizando Recursos e Potencialidades
Belo Horizonte – MG, 19 a 23 de Julho de 2015
thus increase DNA synthesis followed by cell proliferation, also indicating the feasibility of the use of arginine in
your country. Fouad et al. (2013) found no difference in feed conversion, however, in his work; the author discussed
the efficiency of L-arginine supplementation as a modulator of body fat in broilers. Thus, the performance unchanged
relative to treatment without supplementation was positive due to other functions when this amino acid supplemented
diet.
Conclusions
Supplementation with 1.2% L-arginine was effective in improving feed conversion in broilers and can be
used for both sexes, between 29-42 days old, without harming animal performance, regardless of purpose of use.
Acknowledgements
The National Research Council-CNPq and the National Institute of Science and Technology- Animal
Science (INCT-CA) for financial support. Ajinomoto in Brazil for the donation of L-Arginine.
References
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chickens. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition 11(3): 252-257.
Ferreira, D. F. 2011. Sisvar: a computer statistical analysis system. Ciência e Agrotecnologia 35(6):1039-1042.
Fouad, A.M.; El-Senousey, G.K.; Yang, X.J.; Yao, J.H. 2013. Dietary L-arginine supplementation reduces abdominal
fat content by modulating lipid metabolism in broiler chickens. Animal 7(8):1238-124.
Rostagno, H.S.; Albino, L.F.T.; Donzele, J.L.; Gomes, P.C.; Oliveira, R.F.; Lopes, D.C.; Ferreira, A.S.; Barreto,
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Review Journal 1 (1):31-37.
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