3. Coletânea de crônicas publicadas no Jornal dos Sports.

Transcrição

-251$/'26632576
5,2'(-$1(,52
&(1752'(0(0Ï5,$$548,92+,67Ï5,&2
$$57($)52
$$57($)52%5$6,/(,5$'$
&$32(,5$*(0
&$32(,5$*(0
$1'5K/8,=/$&K/23(6
i9(56w29,578$/'2/,952|$92/7$'2
081'2'$&$32(,5$}
081'2'$&$32(,5$}
$57,*26&51,&$638%/,&$'2612-251$/
'266325763
(52'2'(
'26632576
3(52'2'(
((0287526-251$,6(5(9,67$6
((0287526-251$,6(5(9,67$6
3$/(75$6352-(726
3$/(75$6352-(726
- &'5RPUHPRQWDGRHRIHUHFLGR
SHORSUySULRDXWRUDR-RUQDOGRV6SRUWV
HPVHWHPEURGH
- *HVWmR:HOOLQJWRQ5RFKD'LUHWRU([HFXWLYR
1
$OpPGHGH]HQDVGHDUWLJRVWDPEpPSDUDRXWURVMRUQDLVH
UHYLVWDVRDXWRUDWpDJRUDHVFUHYHXFLQFROLYURVVREUHR
DVVXQWR³$GPLQLVWUDomR(VSRUWLYD3~EOLFDHGD&DSRHLUD
9ROWDGR0XQGRGD&DSRHLUD&DSRHLUDJHPQR5LRGH-DQHLUR
6LQKR]LQKRH5XGROI+HUPDQQ\&DSRHLUDQR5LRGH-DQHLURQR
%UDVLOHQR0XQGROLWHUDWXUDGH&RUGHOHHPIUDQFrV/C$UW
GH/D&DSRHLUDj5LRGH-DQHLURDX%UpVLOHWGDQVOH0RQGH
-
- Neste trabalho foram acrescentadas algumas ilustrações,
- substituindo ou não algumas originais.
Cópia para a Biblioteca Amadeu Amaral, no Museu do Folclore,
a mais completa em Folclore, particularmente em CAPOEIRAGEM
(Rua do Catete, RIO/RJ)
2
ROTEIRO GERAL
27248('(&$9$/$5,$
27248('(&$9$/$5,$
,1752'8Jw2(',Jw29,578$/
,1752'8Jw2(',Jw29,578$/
35(/(Jw2
35(/(Jw2
7+(%5$6,/,$16
7+(%5$6,/,$16
/$&$32(,5$&C(67/v$0285(7/$*8(55(
/$&$32(,5$&C(67/v$0285(7/$*8(55(
7/v$0285(7/$*8(55(
/,95265(&20(1'$'26
/,95265(&20(1'$'26
,/8675$Jx(6',9(56$6
,/8675$Jx(6',9(56$6
&$32(,5$12)5809,578$/
&$32(,5$12)5809,578$/
3
35,0(,5$3$57(
$UWLJRVSXEOLFDGRVQR-251$/'26632576
2EVHUYDomRERDSDUWHGRVDUWLJRVIRLWUDQVFULWDHPWUrVOLYURVGRDXWRU³$GPLQLVWUDomR
(VSRUWLYD$GPLQLVWUDomR3~EOLFDHRXWUDV$GPLQLVWUDo}HV´
0LQLVWpULRGH(GXFDomRH'HVSRUWR31&±HVJRWDGRQROLYUR³$9ROWDGR0XQGR
GD&DSRHLUDHGLomRWDPEpPHVJRWDGDHQR-RUQDOGR&DSRHLUD,QWHUQHW
$&DSRHLUDGH0HVWUH$UWXUPDU
&DSRHLUDQR/HJLVODWLYRMDQ
$QJRODHP0DQKDWWDQ-RmR2OLYHLUDGRV6DQWRV
0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGHGRFWRURIKXPDQHOHWWHUV1HZ<RUN*UXSR
GH&DSRHLUD$QJRODMXO
6(*81'$3$57(
&DUWDGH1RYD<RUNVHW
&LUtDFR+HUPDQQ\$UWXUH+XONVHW
9DOH7XGR0HVWUH+XONHD7*$GH]
7RIIOHU&DSRHLUDHRV*RYHUQRVMDQ
$0XOKHUQD&DSRHLUDIHY
6LQKR]LQKRIHY
1DQi6WHLQZD\H%HULPEDXPDU
2V*UDFLHD&DSRHLUDHR%HULPEDXPDU
&ULDomR'LYLQDGD&DSRHLUDDEU
7HUUHLURGH$QJRODMXO
0HVWUH$EHO0DJDOKmHVDJR
&RQJUHVVR1DFLRQDOGH&DSRHLUD$QJRODVHW
&DSRHLUD2OLPStDGDRXW
0LQLVWUR3HOp2XUR3UHWRHR31&GH]
$QJRODQD8QLYHUVLGDGHGH]
2V0DUDMiVGD&DSRHLUDGH]
&DSRHLUDGR&1'DR,1'(63MDQ
5RViULRGR&DWHWHR,%$0HD&DSRHLUDMDQ
0DQGXFDGD3UDLDHP&'520IHY
,&%&DSRHLUDHD0DQVmRGR&DPLQKRIHY
23HORXULQKRHD/HL=LFRIHY
%DUED%UDQFDH6LQKR]LQKRIHY
20DUFKDQWH6DUDGRPDU
$2UDomRGD&DSRHLUDPDU
*RVSHOQD5XDDEU
6LQGLFDWRGRV&DSRHLUDVMXO
8P(QFRQWURTXH3URPHWHMXO
4
0HVWUH&DLoDUDDJR
9ROWDGR0XQGRVHW
(XUR%UDVLO0HUFDGR,QFRPXPRXW
2LWHQWD³9ROWDVGR0XQGR´RXW
&DVFDLV)DGRH&DSRHLUDGH]
0LQ&)81$57(86$H-DSmRPDU
-RmR*UDQGH%HLMD)ORUH8PRL
5
27248('(&$9$/$5,$
³2SURFHVVRGHVHREVHUYDUXPIHQ{PHQRDOWHUDHVWHIHQ{PHQR´
/HLGD,QGHWHUPLQDomR+HLVHQEHUJ
2 7248( '( &$9$/$5,$ QR -RJR GD &DSRHLUD p R WRTXH GH
DOHUWD1DVFHXGDQHFHVVLGDGHGHDOHUWDURVFDSRHLUDVGHXPD
URGD GD DSUR[LPDomR GD UHSUHVVmR FDYDODULD PLOLWDU 2 WRTXH H D LGpLD
SHUPDQHFHP DWp KRMH QDV YHUGDGHLUDV URGDV GH FDSRHLUD 2X VHMD DR
SHUFHEHU D FKHJDGD GH XPD SHVVRD HVWUDQKD R PHVWUH GR EHULPEDX WRFD
&DYDODULD $R UHWRUQDU DR WRTXH DQWHULRU RX SDVVDQGR SDUD DOJXP RXWUR
WRTXHGHMRJRQRUPDOPHQWHPDLVOHQWRFRPRXPPLODJUHD5RGDPXGD
R FDSRHLUD GLVIDUoD MRJDQGR PDO RX DWp SDUDQGR GH MRJDU
'HOLEHUDGDPHQWH
2 ³UHFDGR´ GR WRTXH GH FDYDODULD QmR WHUPLQD QHFHVVDULDPHQWH
TXDQGRHOHFHVVDSRLVTXDVHVHPSUHpUHIRUoDGRMiHPRXWURWRTXHSHOR
FDQWRRQGHFKXODVWUDGLFLRQDLVGHDOHUWDPLVWXUDPVHFRPFKXODVQRYDV
LPSURYLVDGDVDRVDERUGRVDFRQWHFLPHQWRVHGRWDOHQWRGRVFDQWDGRUHV
3REUHGRMRUQDOLVWDGRHVWXGLRVRGRIROFORULVWDTXHQmRSHUFHEHR
WRTXHGHFDYDODULD9DLWLUDUFHUWDPHQWHFRQFOXV}HVSUHFLSLWDGDV
1mR IRVVH XP SHTXHQR SUREOHPD GH FURQRORJLD QmRVHULDDEVXUGR
SHQVDU TXH D 0HVWUD 0DULD 3DQGHLUR UDGLFDGD Ki ORQJDV GpFDGDV QD
$OHPDQKD DQGRX WURFDQGR DOJXPDV LGpLDV FRP R ItVLFR SUrPLR 1REHO .DUO :HUQHU +HLVHQEHUJ 5HDOPHQWH R VLPSOHV REVHUYDU XPD URGD GH
FDSRHLUDMiDOWHUDHVWDURGDDWpPDLVGRTXHLVVRjVYH]HVDRGHVSRQWDU
QXPD HVTXLQD XP HVWUDQKR Mi SURYRFD WUDQVIRUPDo}HV PDQGLQJXHLUDV
QXPD5RGD
3RUTXHWDLVGLJUHVV}HVQHVWHFRPHoRGHFDStWXOR"
0XLWRVLPSOHVHVWH&'(VSHFLDOGHYHVHUDSUHFLDGRFRPXP7RTXHGH
&DYDODULDDRIXQGR
6
$1'5e/8,=/$&e/23(6
$SULPHLUDHGLomR'2/,952³D9ROWDDR0XQGRGD&DSRHLUDÍRLQDYHUGDGHXP
JUDQGH EDOmRGHHQVDLR 4XH VXSHURX DWp GLJDVH GH SDVVDJHP DV SUHYLV}HV PDLV
RWLPLVWDV 3DUD HVFUHYHU R OLYUR H HP IXQomRGHOHUHFHELGRVTXDWURFDQWRVGRPXQGRXP
VXUSUHHQGHQWHDSRLRHQ~PHURGHH[FHOHQWHVVXJHVW}HVHFUtWLFDVEHPIXQGDPHQWDGDV
)UHQWHDHVWHVXFHVVRHFRPDSULPHLUDHGLomRHVJRWDGDFRPHFHLDSUHSDUDUXPD
VHJXQGD HGLomR -XVWDPHQWH QHVWH PRPHQWR DR ILQDO GH XPD JUDWD HQWUHYLVWD SDUD R 6U
3DXOR5REHUWR*RGLQKR-RUQDOGRV6SRUWVSXJLOLVPRUHFHELGHOHDVHJXLQWHVXJHVWmR
³3RUTXHYRFrQmRSDUWHSDUDXPDHGLomRYLUWXDO"7HQKRRQRPHFHUWRSDUDOKH
DVVHVVRUDUQHVWHWUDEDOKR
1DPHVPDVHPDQDQmRIRUDPQHFHVViULRVPDLVGHPLQXWRVGHFRQYHUVDSDUD
ILUPDUXPDFRUGRFRPYLVWDVjHGLomR9LUWXDO
6ROXomR DOWHUQDWLYD H[WUHPDPHQWH PRGHUQD TXH PH SHUPLWLX UHDOL]DU XPD
FLUXUJLD SOiVWLFD QD SULPHLUD HGLomR 8P SRXFR GRORURVD FRUWH GH YiULRV DUWLJRV H
LOXVWUDo}HV p YHUGDGH PDV GHIXQGDPHQWDOLPSRUWkQFLDSDUDWRUQDUDOHLWXUDPDLVIiFLOH
DWUDHQWH$OpPGRPDLVFRPRQmRSRGHULDGHL[DUGHVHUDSURYHLWHLSDUDXPDQRYDUHYLVmR
JHUDOQDUHGDomRGRVWH[WRV(PIXQomRGHVWDHQJHQKDULDHGLWRULDOROLYURIRLGHVGREUDGRHP
FLQFRRTXHQmRIRLWDUHIDGLItFLOSRVWRTXHDSULPHLUDHGLomRMiHVWDYDFODUDPHQWHGLYLGLGD
HP FLQFR SDUWHV TXH SRGHULDP DWp VHU SXEOLFDGDV LVRODGDPHQWH e R TXH HVWi VHQGR IHLWR
QHVWDHGLomRYLUWXDO
$9ROWDGR0XQGRGD&DSRHLUDFLQFRYROXPHV
/LYUR,2)DVFLQDQWH-RJRGD&DSRHLUD,QWURGXomRH3ULPHLUD6HOHomRGH
$UWLJRV
/LYUR,,2)DVFLQDQWH-RJRGD&DSRHLUD6HJXQGD6HOHomRGH$UWLJRV
/LYUR,,,2)DVFLQDQWH-RJRGH&DSRHLUD7HUFHLUD6HOHomRGH$UWLJRV
/LYUR,92)DVFLQDQWH-RJRGD&DSRHLUD6HOHomRGH&RUUHVSRQGrQFLD
/LYUR92)DVFLQDQWH-RJRGD&DSRHLUD&DSRHLUDp&DSRHLUD
H&LQFR&KDPDGDVGH$QJROD
4XDQWR DRV WUrV SULPHLURV YROXPHV FDGD OLYUR SRGH VHU OLGR LVRODGDPHQWH D
ULJRUDWpFDGDFDStWXORSRGHVHUOLGRLQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGRVGHPDLVDWpSRUTXHIRLDVVLP
TXH FDGD DUWLJR GR OLYUR IRL LQLFLDOPHQWH SXEOLFDGR HP MRUQDLV H UHYLVWDV 2 FRQMXQWR GH
DUWLJRV GH FDStWXORV H GH OLYURV HQWUHWDQWR IRUPDP XPD KLVWyULD Vy 8PD KLVWyULD VREUH
&DSRHLUD RX PDLV DFDGHPLFDPHQWH VREUH R ³SURFHVVR GH LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR GD $UWH $IUR
%UDVLOHLUD GD &DSRHLUDJHP´ 3RU RSRUWXQR WDPEpP QHVWD HGLomR YLUWXDO YROWR D FKDPDU
DWHQomR SDUD DV GDWDV GD SXEOLFDomR RULJLQDO GH FDGD DUWLJR VHOHFLRQDGR SRLV VHUi XP
LPSRUWDQWH UHIHUHQFLDO GH 7HPSR SDUD FRQWH[WXDOL]DU RV WHPDV H[SORUDGRV HP FDGD XP
GHOHV
7
7HUPLQDQGR TXHUR UHJLVWUDU PLQKD FRQYLFomR QD FUHVFHQWH LPSRUWkQFLD GH
PHOKRUGLPHQVLRQDUD&DSRHLUD&DSRHLUDpXPIDVFLQDQWHIHQ{PHQRFXOWXUDOPXOWLIDFHWDGR
HXPJUDQGHVRPDWyULRGHJUDQGHVPHVWUHVGHJUDQGHVURGDVHGHJUDQGHVDFRQWHFLPHQWRV
VRFLDLV FXOWXUDLV FtYLFRV UHOLJLRVRVILORVyILFRVHGHVSRUWLYRVHKLVWyULFRV1mRSRGHSRLV
ILFDUOLPLWDGDDXPDVyYHUVmRRXDXPDVyUHJLmRKLVWyULFRJHRJUiILFD3HUFHERVREUHWXGR
QR H[WHULRU XPD FUHVFHQWH SUHRFXSDomR HP FRQKHFHU PHOKRU D YHUGDGHLUD +LVWyULD GD
&DSRHLUDTXHDH[HPSORGD+LVWyULDGR0XQGRMDPDLVVHUiWRWDOPHQWHFRQKHFLGDPDVSRU
RXWURODGRXUJHDFDEDUFRPRYHUGDGHLURIHVWLYDOGH³WUDGLomRLQYHQWDGD´TXHSDUHFHWRPDU
FRQWD GR PHUFDGR HGLWRULDO LQFOXVLYH GDV UHYLVWDV ³HVSHFLDOL]DGDV´ HP &DSRHLUD 2 IDWR p
TXHSURSRUFLRQDOPHQWHDRFUHVFLPHQWRGRQ~PHURGHOHLWRUHVYHPFUHVFHQGRWDPEpPD
H[LJrQFLDGHSXEOLFDo}HVPHQRVVHFWiULDVPDLVDEUDQJHQWHVHGLJDPRVPDLVHFXPrQLFDV
FRQWHPSODQGRWRGRVRVULFRVVHJPHQWRVGD&DSRHLUDJHP
&DSRHLUDJHP TXH YDL SRXFR D SRXFR WRUQDQGRVH SUHFLRVR DFHUYR GD
FXOWXUD SRSXODU QmR DSHQDV GR %UDVLO PDV GR PXQGR LQWHLUR 3DUD ORJUDU HVWH
DSURIXQGDPHQWR VHUi LPSHULRVD XPD SUHRFXSDomR PDLV DFXUDGD VREUH PHWRGRORJLD GH
SHVTXLVD7HPDTXHH[SORURQRSUy[LPROLYURjOX]GD,QVWLWXWLRQ%XLOGLQJ7KHRU\
3RURUDQRHQWDQWRFDUROHLWRUFRPHFHDOHURSUHVHQWHOLYURHVSHUR
TXHJRVWH
2SUy[LPRYLUiDVHXWHPSR
&DSRHLULVWLFDPHQWH
$QGUp/XL]/DFp/RSHV
/HEORQGHIHYHUHLURGH
8
35(/(Jw2
³48(01232'(&200$1',1*$
12&$55(*$3$78È
48(01232'(12,17,0$
'(,;$48(032'(,17,0È´
5HFRPHQGDPRVDOHLWXUDGDV$SUHVHQWDo}HV5XGROI+HUPDQQ\H/LOLDGD5RFKD
%DVWRVHGD,QWURGXomR$QGUp/XL]/DFpDRVFLQFRYROXPHVGD&ROHWkQHD³$9ROWD
GR0XQGRGD&DSRHLUD´TXHDEUHPROLYURLQLFLDOGDVpULH/LYUR,±2)DVFLQDQWH-RJR
GD&DSRHLUD±3ULPHLUD6HOHomRGH$UWLJRV
9
6(*81'$3$57(
10
11
35,0(,5$3$57(
$&$32(,5$'20(675($5785
XPDMXVWDKRPHQDJHP
1mRIRVVHEDQDOL]DUDLQGDPDLVXPDVVXQWRMiEDVWDQWHEDQDOL]DGRHXDGYRJDULD
XP SOHELVFLWR WDPEpP SDUD D H[WUDRUGLQiULD
&DSRHLUD GR 0HVWUH $UWXU (PtGLR GH 2OLYHLUD &DSRHLUD
$QJROD &DSRHLUD 5HJLRQDO RX VLPSOHVPHQWH XPD
H[FHOHQWH H VXUSUHHQGHQWH &$32(,5$ VHP
VREUHQRPH"
$UWXUQDVFHXHSDVVRXVXDMXYHQWXGHHP,WDEXQDQRVXO
GD %DKLD RQGH FRPSOHWRX R JLQiVLR QR &ROpJLR 'LYLQD
3URYLGrQFLD H IH] R VHUYLoR PLOLWDU QR 7LUR GH *XHUUD
ORFDO )LOKR GH (PtGLR /LQGROIR GH 2OLYHLUD H /HRFiGLD
0DULD GH 2OLYHLUD $UWXUYHLRSDUDR5LRHPO7UD]HQGR
FRQVLJR WRWDOPHQWH SURQWD SDUD VHU XVDGD VXD
IDVFLQDQWH H VXUSUHHQGHQWH FDSRHLUD TXH FRPHoRX D
DSUHQGHU FRP VHWH DQRV GHLGDGHQDVXDFLGDGHQDWDO
FRP³3DLVLQKR´7HRGRUR5DPRVVHX~QLFRPHVWUH
$ YHOKD JXDUGD GD FDSRHLUD QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR H QD
%DKLD VDEH PXLWR EHP TXH $UWXU IRL XP GRV PDLRUHV
WDOHQWRV GH WRGRV RV WHPSRV )H] SHOD FDSRHLUD R TXH
DWp KRMH WRGRV QyV UHXQLGRV DLQGD QmR IL]HPRV %LUD
$FRUGHRP FRUDMRVDPHQWH UHJLVWURX HP VHX OLYUR
0HVWUH $UWXU (()(; 8UFD 5,2
&DSRHLUDD%UD]LOLDQ$UW)RUP´SiJ1RUWK$WODQWLF
%RRNV R H[WUDRUGLQiULR WDOHQWR GH $UWXU ³(P SDVVHLDOJXPDVVHPDQDVQR5LRGH-DQHLURRQGHFRQKHFL$UWXU(PtGLRXP
EDLDQR GH ,WDEXQD )LTXHL LPSUHVVLRQDGR FRP VXD YHORFLGDGH H FRP VXD
WpFQLFD$SUHQGLFRPHOHDOJXPDV´³
12
&RPRJXHUUHLURHVDXGRVRPHVWUH'MDOPD%DQGHLUD$UWXU(PtGLRGHXGpFDGDVDWUiV
VXDYROWDGRPXQGROHYDQGRDFDSRHLUDSDUDRH[WHULRUID]HQGRVXFHVVRHP%XHQRV$LUHV
$FDSXOFR1RYD,RUTXH3DULVHWDQWDVRXWUDVFLGDGHVIDPRVDVGRPXQGR
6HEULOKRXQRSDOFRHFDSRHLUDpWDPEpPXPDDUWHHQIUHQWRXQRULQJXHGLYHUVRV
OXWDGRUHV FRPR 5XGROI +HUPDQQ\ 5,2 5REVRQ *UDFLH 5,2 &DUORV &RXWLQKR %DKLD
)RQWH 1RYD &DUERQR 5,2 H (GJDUG 'XUR 6mR 3DXOR HVSHFLDOLVWD HP OXWD OLYUH FRP
DOJXPDV YLWyULDV VREUH DOXQRVGH0HVWUH%LPED4XHPDWpKRMHUHSHWLXWDOIDoDQKDTXHP
DFHLWRXRXDFHLWDWDLVGHVDILRV"
3OHELVFLWR&RQVXOWDJHQpULFDIHLWDHPOLQKDGLUHWDDRVHOHLWRUHVVREUHTXHVW}HVSROtWLFDVUHOHYDQWHV
RXSROrPLFDV$ROHJLVODWLYRFDEHHPVHJXLGDGHWDOKDUHUHJXODPHQWDUDDOWHUQDWLYDYHQFHGRUD
&RPEDVHQRDUWLJRSXEOLFDGRQR-RUQDOGRV6SRUWVPDU
13
$1*2/$(00$1+$77$1
-RmR*UDQGHGRFWRURIKXPDQHOHWWHUV
0HVWUH -RmR *UDQGH UHFHEHX GH XPD IDFXOGDGH QRUWHDPHULFDQD R WtWXOR GH
'28725,QLFLDWLYDTXHDVXQLYHUVLGDGHVEUDVLOHLUDVHVSHFLDOPHQWHDVGD%DKLDGR5LRHGH
6mR 3DXOR Ki PXLWR WHPSR Mi GHYHULDP WHU WRPDGR 0DV QmR p Vy LVVR 0RVWUDQGR H
GHPRQVWUDQGRTXH³URXSDGHKRPHPQmRGiHPPHQLQR´-RmR*UDQGHDEULXXPDDFDGHPLD
GH&DSRHLUD$QJRODHP0DQKDWWDQ
0HVWUHVFRQWUDPHVWUHVLQVWUXWRUHVSURIHVVRUHVFDSRHLULVWDVHPJHUDO
MiH[LVWHPPXLWRVQRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVHQRUHVWRGRPXQGR$OJXQVDWpDSUHVVR
PH D GL]HU GH PXLWR WDOHQWR GH PXLWD ILEUD H GH PXLWR ERP FDUiWHU 'RV
SLRQHLURV3HWWH]]RQL³%HOLVTXHWH´&DSRHLUDGH6LQKR]LQKR0LDPLH0HVWUH
-HORQ9LHLUD1RYD,RUTXHDRDQJROHLUR&REULQKD0DQVDHP:DVKLQJWRQ'&
&DGDXPGHVVHVHDOJXQVRXWURVPDLVMiHVWmRDPHUHFHUUHFRQKHFLPHQWRS~EOLFR
João Grande, André Lacé e Cobra Mansa. Nova Iorque, 1994
$VLWXDomRGHVVHVPHVWUHVHQWUHWDQWRQmRGLIHUHPXLWRGDVLWXDomRGRVPHVWUHVQR%UDVLO
3RLV SUDWLFDPHQWH QHQKXP GHOHV FRQWD FRP XP ORFDO SUySULR TXDVH WRGRV HVWmR
HQVLQDQGRQD³FDVDGRVRXWURV´VXMHLWRVSRUWDQWRDPXGDQoDVUHSHQWLQDVHLQGHVHMiYHLV
3RLVPXLWREHP6HQKRU7XULVWD6HQKRU-RUQDOLVWDRX6HQKRU3HVTXLVDGRUFKHJDQGR
QDPiJLFD,OKDGH0DQKDWWDQGrHPXPSXORQmRQmRSUHFLVDGDUXPSXORGHQWURGD5RGD
GH&DSRHLUDQRVHJXQGRDQGDUGD:HVWWK6WUHHWTXDVHQD6H[WD$YHQLGD/iYRFrV
HQFRQWUDUmR XP SHGDoRYDOLRVRGD%DKLDXPSHGDoRYDOLRVRGRSUySULR%UDVLOR*UXSRGH
&DSRHLUD $QJROD VRE R FRPDQGR GH 0HVWUH -RmR *UDQGH 3HUGmR 'RXWRU -RmR *UDQGH
2UJXOKRVRV VROLGiULRV H VREUHWXGR FRQVFLHQWHV GD LPSRUWkQFLD GD SUHVHQoD GH -RmR
*UDQGH YiULRV RXWURV FDSRHLULVWDV EUDVLOHLURV FRPR -RVp 6HQD 1HJR *DWR H (OGLR 5ROLP
&DEHOR HVWmRVHPSUHSUHVHQWHVRTXHDXPHQWDDDWUDomRGD5RGDSDUDHQFDQWDPHQWR
WRWDOHGHILQLWLYRGHTXHPDYLVLWDRXGRV³QDWLYRV´DOXQRVRXQmRTXHHVWmRGHVFREULQGRR
HQGHUHoR HP 0DQKDWWDQ GH XP GRV PDLV IDVFLQDQWHV FRPSRQHQWHV GD FXOWXUD SRSXODU
EUDVLOHLUD$OLiVTXHDWHQomRPXLWRHVSHFLDOVHMDGDGDDHVVHVDOXQRVDPHULFDQRVSRLVHVWmR
FRP VHQWLPHQWR FDSRHLUtVWLFR PXLWR PDLV SXUR GR TXH PXLWRV FDSRHLUDV TXH YHMR MRJDQGR
SHOR 5LR GH -DQHLUR ( PDLV WRGRV HVVHV ³JULQJRV´ RUJXOKRVDPHQWH RVWHQWDP DSHOLGRV
14
UHFHELGRVDRORQJRDSUHQGL]DGR*UDKDP5RVV*DOR*HQHVLV/DPSNLQV&DODQJR$QGUHZ
%ODFN 3LUDWD 5RELQ 5HHG $IULFDQD 3HQHORSH 'XGDK 3DQHOD (ULF 5LJJLQV &KDSpX
9HUPHOKR-RKQ/RHEHU&RTXHLUR
9iVHPSUHVVDSRLVDURGDpIDVFLQDQWHPHQWHDXWrQWLFD2XVHMDQmRWHPJLQJD
PDUFDGD QmR WHP DJDUU}HV RULHQWDLV QmR WHP DWDEDTXH HQVXUGHFHGRU QmR WHP FkQWLFRV
DSUHVVDGRVQmRWHPRIDPLJHUDGR³MRJRGHFRPSUD´RQGHFDGDFDSRHLUDQmRMRJDPDLVGR
TXHFLQFRVHJXQGRV
1mR HVWRX VR]LQKR QHVVH HQWHQGLPHQWR HQWUH RXWURV DFRPSDQKDPH R JRYHUQR
QRUWHDPHULFDQR7DQWRDVVLPTXHDSyVH[HPSODULQYHVWLJDomRHHQWUHYLVWDDSDUHQWHPHQWH
DQWLSiWLFDPDVMXVWLILFiYHOVpULDHFRPSHWHQWHUHQGHXVHjPDQGLQJDGD&DSRHLUD$QJROD
H DXWRUL]RX -RmR *UDQGH D SURVVHJXLU VHX WUDEDOKR 0HOKRU GLULD D SURVVHJXLU HP VXD
PLVVmR$EHPGDYHUGDGHHGDMXVWLoDGRLVQRPHVGHYHPVHUUHVVDOWDGRVQHVWHSURFHVVR
KLVWyULFR&'DQLHO'DZVRQH7ULVK5RVHQ5LVDGLQKD$ULJRUQmRVHLVHHVWRXHORJLDQGRRX
DFXVDQGR HVVHV GRLV GH SDUWLFLSDUHP GH XP FRPSO{ GD &,$ FRP R REMHWLYR SOHQDPHQWH
DOFDQoDGRGHQRVOHYDURQRVVRTXHULGR0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGH
15
6(*81'$3$57(
&$57$'(129$<25.
2&RQVXODGR*HUDOGR%UDVLOHP1RYD<RUNRUJDQL]RXHHVWiSURPRYHQGRHP
PXLWRERDKRUDR,6HPLQiULRGH&XOWXUD%UDVLOHLUD
2 6HPLQiULR XP ERP H[HPSOR SDUD RV GHPDLV FRQVXODGRV HP iUHDV FRP
JUDQGHFRQFHQWUDomRGHEUDVLOHLURVIRLGLYLGLGRHPVHWHVHVV}HV&LQHPD7HDWUR'DQoDH
&DSRHLUD 0~VLFD 3RSXODU H (UXGLWD 'HVLJQ H $UWHV 9LVXDLV /LWHUDWXUD 3RHVLD H
3URVD0tGLDH&RPXQLFDo}HV)LQDQFLDQGRD&XOWXUD%UDVLOHLUDHP1RYD<RUNH$
&XOWXUD%UDVLOHLUDHR0HUFDGR&XOWXUDO1RUWH$PHULFDQR
$ VLPSOHV OHLWXUD GRV WtWXORV Mi SHUPLWH SHUFHEHU R PpULWR H SUHYHU XP WRWDO
VXFHVVR SDUD R HYHQWR 4XH QmR WHUi XPD SUHRFXSDomR HOLWLVWDPXLWR SHOR FRQWUiULRSRLV
WHUiFRPRREMHWLYRRXYLUHRIHUHFHUHVSDoRVSDUDDPDVVDEUDVLOHLUDUDGLFDGDHP1RYD<RUN
H DGMDFrQFLDV &RQQHFWLFXW 'HODZDUH 3HQQV\OYDQLD H 1HZ -HUVH\ $ILQDO VHJXQGR DV
HVWDWtVWLFDVPHLRIUiJHLVHPIXQomRGR³JUHHQFDUG´PDLVGHPLOEUDVLOHLURVMiHVWmR
UHVLGLQGRQDFRVWDOHVWH9HtFXORVQDWXUDLVGDFXOWXUDEUDVLOHLUDFRQVXPLGRUHVVDXGRVRVGD
FXOWXUDEUDVLOHLUDVHQGRTXHDOJXQVGHVVHVWUDEDOKDPMXVWDPHQWHFRPHVVDPDWpULD
3DUWLFLSHL GD VHVVmR LQLFLDO UHDOL]DGD GH D GH MXQKR SDVVDGR H SXGH
FRQILUPDUDSUHRFXSDomRGHFRQWHPSODUQR6HPLQiULRWRGRVVHJPHQWRVDUWtVWLFRVJHUHQFLDLV
GH EXVLQHVV PDUNHWLQJ HWF H VREUHWXGR RV VHJPHQWRV VyFLRHFRQ{PLFRV 4XDVH XPD
VXUSUHVDSDUDTXHPVHKDELWXDDRXYLUTXHHPEDL[DGDVHFRQVXODGRVVmRVHUYLoRVS~EOLFRV
VRILVWLFDGRVPDLVYROWDGRVSDUDRLQWHUHVVHGHXPDHOLWH
16
'HSDUDEpQVSRUWDQWRR3URIHVVRU-RVp/XL]/LJLqUR&RHOKRHDOJXQVRXWURVTXH
IL]HUDPRVSULPHLURVHVWXGRVSUHOLPLQDUHVFRPYLVWDVjUHDOL]DomRGR6HPLQiULR
3DUDEpQV DR &RQVHOKHLUR 0DUFLR $ /DJH &{QVXO*HUDO $GMXQWR &KHIH GR 6HWRU
&XOWXUDO GR &RQVXODGR VHPSUH DWHQWR H VROtFLWR TXH GHX D IRUPD ILQDO GR SURMHWR H p
UHVSRQViYHO SHOD VXD FRRUGHQDomR JHUDO ( ODVW EXW QRW OHDVW SDUDEpQV j LQFDQViYHO H
H[WUHPDPHQWH FRPSHWHQWH 6HQKRUD 5RVH 0DULH 5RPDUL] 0DRVUL 2 TXH PDLV PH
LPSUHVVLRQRX HQWUHWDQWR IRL D SDUWLFLSDomR DSDL[RQDGD GH DOJXQV KHUyLFRV ³%DQGHLUDQWHV´
ORFDLV 3HVVRDV H[WUHPDPHQWHIRUWHVHWDOHQWRVDVODWLQRVQXPSDtVDQJORVD[mRO~GLFRVQR
SDtV GD DJRQtVWLFD VREUHYLYHQGR KHURLFDPHQWH QR HQWUHFKRTXH GDV GXDV FXOWXUDV
%UDVLOHLURVFRPR-HORQ9LHLUD&DSRHLUD)RXQGDWLRQH6LOYDQD0DJGD9LYD%UDVLO'DQFH&R
SDUD ILFDU DSHQDV HP GRLV H[HPSORV TXH HQIUHQWDP XP GUDJmR SRU GLD SDUD ID]HU
JHUPLQDU$ FXOWXUD EUDVLOHLUD HP 1RYD <RUN &DULQKRVDPHQWH DFUHGLWR TXH GHYR DUULVFDU
PDLVXPH[HPSORGHLJXDOKHURtVPRHWDOHQWR5HILURPHjHVFULWRUD)ORUD&DVWDxR)HUUHLUD
TXHWHPVHXVFRQWRVLQIDQWLVSXEOLFDGRVQRVOLYURVHVFRODUHVORFDLV
)RL QHVWH EHUoR SUHSDUDGR SHOR &RQVXODGR H FRP R FRSDWURFtQLR GD 785,65,2
7UDQVEUDVLO H 9$63 p TXH QDVFHX D &$57$ '( 129$ <25. (VFULWD FRP LQVSLUDomR SHOR
GLUHWRU GH WHDWUR $PLU +DGGDG H DSURYDGD SRU WRGRV RV SUHVHQWHV GD SULPHLUD VHVVmR GR
6HPLQiULR
7RGDV DV SUy[LPDV VHVV}HV FRQWDUmR FRP D LQVSLUDomR GHVVD FDUWD $R ILQDO GR
6HPLQiULR VHJXUDPHQWH WHUHPRV FRPR GRFXPHQWR ILQDO QmR DSHQDV D &$57$ '( 129$
<25. PDV WRGR R VHX GHVGREUDPHQWR QDWXUDO HP WHUPRV GH SURMHWRV FXOWXUDLV H
VREUHWXGR XPD HVWUDWpJLD GH DJOXWLQDomR GH IRUoDV TXH FHUWDPHQWH SRWHQFLDOL]DUi R
H[FHOHQWH WUDEDOKR TXH FDGDXPGHVVHV³EDQGHLUDQWHV´GDFXOWXUDEUDVLOHLUDHVWiUHDOL]DQGR
QRV(VWDGRV8QLGRV
5LRGHVHWHPEURGHO
17
&,5Ë$&2+(50$11<$5785(+8/.
)UDQFLVFR GD 6LOYD &LUtDFR PDLV FRQKHFLGR FRPR 0DFDFR 9HOKR QDVFLGR HP
&DPSRV IRL XP GRV PDLV DIDPDGRV FDSRHLULVWDVQR5LRGH-DQHLURQDYLUDGDGRVpFXOR
SDUDR(UDRPHVWUHSUHIHULGRSHORVDFDGrPLFRVGHPHGLFLQDIHQ{PHQRTXHVHUHSHWLX
QD%DKLDGpFDGDVPDLVWDUGHFRP0HVWUH%LPED)RUDPHVVHVHVWXGDQWHVTXHLQVLVWLUDPQR
FRQIURQWR GD &DSRHLUD 0DFDFR 9HOKR FRP R MLXMLWVX 6DGD 0L\DNR FDPSHmR MDSRQrV
(YHQWRTXHDFDERXRFRUUHQGRQRGLDGHPDLRGHFRPXPIXOPLQDQWHGHVIHFKR
DSOLFDQGRXPOLWHUDOPHQWHVXUSUHHQGHQWHUDERGHDUUDLD&LULDFRHQFHUURXDOXWDHPDOJXQV
VHJXQGRV
0HVPRH[LVWLQGRXPDYHUVmR±MDPDLVFRPSURYDGDGHTXH&LULDFRWHULDXWLOL]DGR
XP UHFXUVR GLJDPRV GH UXD PHVPR DVVLP OXWD p OXWD YDOHWXGR p YDOHWXGR H QLQJXpP
MDPDLVSRGHUiQHJDURPpULWRGDYLWyULD
7DQWR DVVLP TXH
0HVWUH&LULDFRVDLXYLWRULRVRGR
3DYLOKmR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO 3DVFKRDO
6HJUHWR FRP R SRYR FDQWDQGR
SHODV UXDV ³D ÈVLD FXUYRXVH
DQWHR%UDVLO´1RGLDVHJXLQWH
D&DSRHLUDIRLQRWtFLDHPTXDVH
WRGRV RV MRUQDLV YDOHQGR
UHJLVWUDU SRU RSRUWXQR D
RFRUUrQFLD
GH
DOJXPDV
UHGDo}HV FDXWHORVDV TXDVH
HQYHUJRQKDGDV GD SUySULD
FXOWXUD EUDVLOHLUD FRPR D QRWD
GR MRUQDO GR &RPPHUFLR
SiJ ³2
VSRUWPDQ MDSRQH] GR WmR
Pavilhão Internacional, Avenida Central, RIO, 1909. O
DSUHFLDGR MRJR MLXMLWVX IRL
“preto” Ciyriaco versus o campeão de jiu-jitsu Sada Miyako
KRQWHP YHQFLGR SHOR SUHWR
FDPSLVWD&\ULDFRGD6LOYDTXHVXEMXJRXRVHXFRQWHQGRUFRPXPSDVVRGHFDSRHLUDJHP´
$ QRWD FXULRVDPHQWH QmR PHQFLRQD R QRPH GR ³VSRUWPDQ´ SHUGHGRU 0DLV
DGLDQWHHQWUHWDQWRQRPHVPRMRUQDOJDULPSHLRVHJXLQWHDQ~QFLR³-,8-,7680U6DGD
0L\DNRSURIHVVRUFRQWUDWDGRSDUDOHFFLRQDUQDPDULQKDEUDVLOHLUDHQFDUUHJDVHGHGDUOLo}HV
SDUWLFXODUHV D GRPLFtOLR &DUWDV SDUD D 5XD *RQoDOYHV 'LDV Q RX SDUD D )RUWDOH]D GH
:LOOHJDLJQRQ´
2XVHUiTXHDQRWDGHPRGRDWpVXWLOSURWHVWDDUHVSHLWRGRWDOUHFXUVRGHUXD
DFLPDOHYHPHQWHPHQFLRQDGR"
'pFDGDV VH SDVVDUDP HVWDPRV DJRUD QR ILQDO GRV DQRV FRP D FDSRHLUD
XWLOLWiULD GH 6LQKR]LQKR $JHQRU 0RUHLUD 6DPSDLR UHVVXUJLQGR VXELQGR DRV UHQHJXHV H
FROKHQGRYLWyULDVVLJQLILFDWLYDV9DOHQGRUHOHPEUDURVFRQIURQWRVGRMRYHP5XGROI+HUPDQQ\
FRP DOXQRV GR 0HVWUH %LPED 3HUH] H GRV *UDFLH *XDQDLU 1HVWD PHVPD pSRFD $UWXU
(PtGLRGH2OLYHLUDXPGRVPDLVWDOHQWRVRVFDSRHLULVWDVTXHYLMRJDUGHL[DVXD,WDEXQDQD
%DKLDHYHPSDUDR5LRGLVSRVWRDGLYXOJDUVXDDUWHHPTXDOTXHUDUHQD5HDOL]DXPDVpULH
GHOXWDVYHQFHDOJXPDVSHUGHRXWUDVLQFOXVLYHSDUDR+HUPDQQ\PDVGHL[DVHPVRPEUD
18
GH G~YLGD XP H[HPSOR GH FRUDJHP SDUD RV FDSRHLUDVOXWDGRUHV H WDPEpP HVFUHYH VHX
QRPHQD+LVWyULDGD&DSRHLUD
0DLV DOJXPDV GpFDGDV VH SDVVDUDP TXDVH PHLR VpFXOR HVWDPRV DJRUD QRV GLDV
GHKRMH0HVWUH+XONDFDEDGHYHQFHUYDOHQWHPHQWHR,7LUD7HLPD1DFLRQDOGH9DOH7XGR
-iQRWHPSRGRQRVVRVDXGRVRHIDPRVR6LQKR]LQKR,SDQHPD5,2TXHIRUPRXXPUHV
SHLWiYHO Q~PHUR GH ³EULJDGRUHV GH FDSRHLUD´ GLVFXWLDVH DWp RQGH D &DSRHLUD SRGHULD VHU
HILFD]QRHQIUHQWDPHQWRFRPRXWUDVOXWDV
UHFRORFDQGRSRUWDQWRDTXHVWmRGDFDSRHLUD
VHURXQmRVHUXPD³OXWDPDUFLDO´
-i QR WHPSR GRQRVVRVDXGRVRHID
PRVR 6LQKR]LQKR ,SDQHPD 5,2 TXH IRU
PRX XP UHVSHLWiYHO Q~PHUR GH ³EULJDGRUHV
GHFDSRHLUD´GLVFXWLDVHDWpRQGHD&DSRHLUD
SRGHULD VHU HILFD] QRHQIUHQWDPHQWRFRPRX
WUDVOXWDV
5HDVFHQGHVHDGLVFXVVmR'LVFXV
VmR TXH IDWDOPHQWH HQVHMDUi DOJXPDV TXrV
W}HV SUHOLPLQDUHV &RPR SRU H[HPSOR TXH
WLSRGH&DSRHLUDMRJD0HVWUH+XONTXHPIRLR
VHX PHVWUH MRJD DQJROD RX UHJLRQDO DOLiV
XPDIDOVDGLFRWRPLDTXHJROSHVGHFDSRHLUD
PDLVXWLOL]DHPVXDVYLWyULDV"
'HYR DGLDQWDU TXH QmR DFKR XPD
³WUDLomR´ QHVWH WLSR GH FRPEDWH YDOHWXGR
XWLOL]DUUHFXUVRVGHRXWUDVOXWDV7RGRVID]HP
LVWRLQFOXVLYHRMLXMLWVXQmRKiRXWUDDOWHUQD
WLYD 6HUi GHVHMiYHO HQWUHWDQWR TXH D EDVH
WpFQLFD GR FDGD OXWDGRU QmR ILTXH LUUHFRQKH
FtYHO
1RFDVRHPWHOD0HVWUH+XONILFRX
Mestre Hulk e alguns alunos. RIO, 1995
FODUDVXDEDVHFDSRHLUtVWLFD
9HQGR H UHYHQGR R WHLSH GD VXD OXWD
ILQDO DQDOLVDQGR D WURFD GH VRFRV FRP R FDPSHmR GH MLXMLWVX $PDXU\ %LWHWWL QmR WHQKR
G~YLGD TXH +XON XWLOL]RX LQFRQVFLHQWHPHQWH TXH VHMD D LQFUtYHO QRomR GH GLVWkQFLD H GH
WHPSR TXH D &DSRHLUD SHUPLWH GHVHQYROYHU 9DOHQGR UHJLVWUDU DLQGD D JUDQGH GLIHUHQoD
HQWUHXPPHVWUHGHFDSRHLUDTXHMRJDHOXWDHRV³PHVWUHV´HVWLOL]DGRVTXHOXWDPTXDQGRp
SDUDMRJDUHGDQoDPTXDQGRpSDUDOXWDUVHPSUHHPSDOFRVMDPDLVHPULQJXH
$GLVFXVVmRHVWiDEHUWD
)LFDQGR FODUR GHVGH Mi TXH R 6U 6LGQH\ *RQoDOYHV )UHLWDV 0HVWUH +XON IRWR
FRP R VHX WDOHQWR H FRP VXD YDOHQWLD Mi FRORFRX VHX QRPH QD +LVWyULD GD &DSRHLUD GR
VXE~UELRGR5LR5RFKD0LUDQGDGR5,25-HGRSUySULR%UDVLO4XHRXWURVERQVH[HPSORV
DSDUHoDPRXFDSRHLUDQmRp³WDPEpP´XPDOXWDPDUFLDO"
&RPEDVHQRDUWLJRSXEOLFDGRQR-RUQDOGRV6SRUWV5LR6HWOHUHSXEOLFDGRHP
MDQQRVLWHGR&21,%5$6,/($,&6
19
29$/(78'20(675(+8/.($7*$
3HOD WHOHYLVmR WHQKR DFRPSDQKDGR R 8OWLPDWH )LJKWLQJ &KDPSLRQVKLS QRV
(VWDGRV 8QLGRV 2QGH R %UDVLO HVWi UHYROXFLRQDQGR R FRQFHLWR QRUWHDPHULFDQR GH VXSHU
Rorion e Royce Gracie ladeiam André Lacé na exemplar Gracie
Jiu-jitsu Academy, em Torrance, Califórnia, 1999.
KRPHP,QLFLDOPHQWHDWUDYpVGRFOmGRV*UDFLH5R\FHHHPIXQomRGDVpWLPDHWDSDGR
HYHQWR8)&DWUDYpVGH0DUFRV5XDVXPGHVDVVRPEUDGRUHSUHVHQWDQWHGDOXWDOLYUH3RLV
jV GXUDV SHQDV RV QRUWHDPHULFDQRV HVWmR GHVFREULQGR TXH R VXSHUKRPHP R JLJDQWH GR
SULPHLURPXQGRWHPWDPEpPTXHVDEHUOXWDUQRFKmRWHPTXHVDEHUHPXLWREHPD
DUWH GR MLXMLWVX H GR YDOHWXGR j OD EUDVLOHLUD 6HQmR QDGD IHLWR 6HP G~YLGD XPD
UHYROXomRLQFOXVLYHHPWHUPRVVyFLRFXOWXUDLV&RPEDVHQRFUHVFHQWHVXFHVVRGR 8OWLPDWH
)LJKWLQJ QRV (VWDGRV 8QLGRV VXUJLX D LGpLD GHUHDOL]DUXPFRQIURQWRVLPLODUDTXLQR%UDVLO
+DYHULD XPD IDVH QDFLRQDO RQGH VHULD VHOHFLRQDGR R OXWDGRU TXH UHSUHVHQWDULD R %UDVLO QD
IDVHLQWHUQDFLRQDO([FHOHQWHLGpLDWLQKDWXGRSDUDGDUFHUWR
( UHDOPHQWH D IDVH QDFLRQDO WUDQVFRUUHX PXLWR EHP VXUJLQGR FRPR FDPSHmR
EUDVLOHLUR GH YDOHWXGR SDUD WRWDO VXUSUHVD H SHUSOH[LGDGH GR SHVVRDO GR MLXMLWVX H VDOYR
HQJDQR GRVSUySULRVRUJDQL]DGRUHVGRHYHQWRXPOXWDGRUGHFDSRHLUD6LGQH\*RQoDOYHV
)UHLWDVR0HVWUH+XON
1D IDVH LQWHUQDFLRQDO HQWUHWDQWR RV SUREOHPDV EDWHUDP IRUWH H OHYDUDP RV
RUJDQL]DGRUHV j ORQD )DOWRX GLQKHLUR R WRUQHLR IRL LQWHUURPSLGR H VDOYR HQJDQR SDVVDGR
PDLVGHXPPrVDOJXPDVGtYLGDVDLQGDQmRIRUDPKRQUDGDV0DVQmRWHQKDPG~YLGDD
LGpLDpPXLWRERDHDFDEDUiSURVSHUDQGRDTXLQR%UDVLO
$VVLPFRQVLGHUDQGRDQLPRPHDID]HUXPDUiSLGDDSUHFLDomRFUtWLFDGRTXH
WHVWHPXQKHLQR0DUDFDQm]LQKRWHQGRFRPRSDQRGHIXQGRDWpSRUFDFRHWHGHSURILVVmRD
7HRULD*HUDOGD$GPLQLVWUDomR
20
&KHJXHLjVKRUDVXPDKRUDDQWHVGDKRUDPDUFDGDSDUDFRPHoDURHVSHWiFXOR
2 DFHVVR DR JLQiVLR IRL OLEHUDGR H[DWDPHQWH jV KRUDV 2 HVSHWiFXOR Vy IRL FRPHoDU
GHEDL[R GH YDLD WUrV KRUDV GHSRLV 0HVPR DVVLP R 0DUDFDQm]LQKR DSHQDV FRQWDYD FRP
SRXFR PDLV GH GDVXDORWDomR9DOHQGRUHJLVWUDUTXHGHVWHVPDLVGDPHWDGH
HUDFRPSRVWDSRUFDSRHLULVWDVHVSHFLDOPHQWHLQWHUHVVDGRVQDWHUFHLUDOXWDRQGHRFDPSHmR
EUDVLOHLUR GH YDOHWXGR 0HVWUH +XON HQIUHQWDULD XP OXWDGRU MDSRQrV 1DR\XNL 7DLUD 3HOR
PHQRVLVWRpRTXHWLQKDVLGRDQXQFLDGRSHORVMRUQDLV
2V ³RUJDQL]DGRUHV´ VLPSOHVPHQWH LJQRUDUDP WRGRV VXEVtGLRV H LQVWUXPHQWDLV
IRUQHFLGRV SHODV GLYHUVDV HVFRODV GD7*$GDHVFRODFOiVVLFDWHPSRVPRYLPHQWRVUHVSHLWR
jV UHJUDV H UHJXODPHQWRV j HVFROD VLVWrPLFRFRQWLQJHQFLDO YDULiYHLV H[yJHQDV
SDVVDQGR SHOD HVFROD GDV UHODo}HV KXPDQDV WUDWDPHQWR PDLV KXPDQR SDUD R +XON
FRPSRUWDPHQWDOLVWDVLPSRUWkQFLDGDFXOWXUDSRSXODUEUDVLOHLUDHWF,JQRUDUDPVREUHWXGR
DV TXDWUR JUDQGHV IXQo}HV GH WRGD DomR HPSUHVDULDO SODQHMDPHQWR RUJDQL]DomR
GLUHomRHFRQWUROH
2 SULPHLUR JUDQGH HUUR QD iUHD VyFLRFXOWXUDO R TXH LQFOXL XP JUDQGH HUUR GH
PDUNHWLQJIRLMXVWDPHQWHRGHLJQRUDUDLPSRUWkQFLDGHXPDKRPHQDJHPjFXOWXUDSRSX
ODU EUDVLOHLUD 3RU H[HPSOR FRQYLGDQGR GH PRGR PXLWR HVSHFLDO RV SULQFLSDLV PHVWUHV GH
FDSRHLUDGDFLGDGHHDWpGR%UDVLOSDUDDVVLVWLUHPWRGDVDVOXWDV0HVWUHVFRPR$UWXU(Pt
GLR GH 2OLYHLUD XP GRV SRXFRV FDSRHLULVWDV TXH RXVRX DFHLWDU GpFDGDV DWUiV FRQIURQWRV
FRPRXWUDVOXWDVSRGHULDPTXDGUXSOLFDURQ~PHURVXUSUHHQGHQWHPHQWHEDL[RGHH[SHFWD
GRUHVSDJDQWHV
6DOYRHQJDQRGRVMRUQDLVRDGYHUViULRLQLFLDOGH+XONRMDSRQrV7DLUDSRUVXDV
FDUDFWHUtVWLFDVItVLFDVHWpFQLFDVSURSLFLDULDXPFRQIURQWRPDLVHTXLOLEUDGR$PXGDQoDDSD
UHQWHPHQWHUHSHQWLQDHFDVXtVWLFDGRMDSRQrVSHORFDQDGHQVH-HDQ5LYLHUUHSUHMXGLFRXR
SUySULRHVSHWiFXOR
2 DWUDVR GH WUrV KRUDV SRGHULD PXLWR EHP WHU VLGR PLQLPL]DGR VH RV RUJDQL]DGRUHV
WLYHVVHPSURJUDPDGRFRPRSUHOLPLQDUGRHVSHWiFXORXPD52'$'(&$32(,5$'DPHVPD
IRUPD TXH D VHOHomR GH P~VLFD WHUUtYHO H HQVXUGHFHGRUD IHLWD SHOR SHVVRDO GR VRP
SRGHULD WHU LQFOXtGR D IDVFLQDQWH SDUWH UtWPLFD H FDQWDGD GD FDSRHLUD 3DUD QmR IDODU GDV
P~VLFDVVREUHRWHPDIHLWDVSRU9LQLFLXVGH0RUDHV%DGHQ3RZHOO3DXOLQKRGD9LROD9HOD
QR %UHX *LOEHUWR *LO &DQGHLDV 2 %DWXTXHLUR 0DUWLQKR GD 9LOD 1R FDLV GRXUDGR
FRQMXQWR03%HWDQWRVRXWURV
³4XHPpKRPHPGHEHPQmRWUDLRDPRUTXHHOHTXHUDVHXEHP
4XHPGL]PXLWRTXHYDLQmRYDLHDVVLPFRPRQmRYDLQmRYHP
4XHPGHGHQWURGHVLQmRVDLYDLPRUUHUVHPDPDUQLQJXpP
2GLQKHLURGHTXHPQmRGipRWUDEDOKRGHTXHPQmRWHP
&DSRHLUDTXHpERPQmRFDLHVHXPGLDHOHFDLFDLEHP
&DSRHLUDPHPDQGRXGL]HUTXHMiFKHJRXFKHJRXSDUDOXWDU
%HULPEDXPHFRQILUPRXYDLWHUEULJDGHDPRUWULVWH]DFDPDUi³³
2EV&RQVLGHURHVWDP~VLFDGH9LQLFLXVH%DGHQMXQWDPHQWHFRPD³<D\DGR&DLVGRXUDGR´GH
0DUWLQKRGD9LODH5RGROIRDVGXDVFRPSRVLo}HVPDLVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVGD&DSRHLUDJHPHGDVRFLHGDGH
EUDVLOHLUD³&DGDTXDOQRVHXFDGDTXDO´FRPRGLULD&DLoDUD±FDGDXPDGHQWURGRVHXPRPHQWR
VyFLRFXOWXUDOEUDVLOHLUR
$ILQDO FRPR SXGH RXYLU WHPSRV DWUiV GR H[HPSODU H VDXGRVR &DUORV *UDFLH IXL j
VXDFDVDOHYDGRSHOR3URIHVVRU5REVRQ*UDFLHRMLXMLWVXpPDLVGRTXHXPDDUWHPDUFLDOp
XPDOLomRGHYLGD2TXHFHUWDPHQWHQRVOHYDDXPDYLVmRTXHH[WUDSRODDOLPLWDo}HVGHXP
ULQJXH
0DV HPTXHSHVHWRGRVGHVDFHUWRVUHOHYHPDUHSHWLomRQmRWHQKRG~YLGDTXHD
LQLFLDWLYD 9DOH7XGR QR %UDVLO DSHVDU GH DERUWDGD IRL YiOLGD IRL FRUDMRVD H HVWi DSHQDV
FRPHoDQGR3DUDRVSUy[LPRVHYHQWRVTXHFHUWDPHQWHYLUmRGHVGHMiODQoRDLGpLDGH
21
VHUHVHUYDUVHPSUHXPDRXPDLVYDJDSDUDD&DSRHLUD2XDWpPDLVGRTXHLVWRTXHVHMD
UHDOL]DGRFRPRSUHOLPLQDUGDIDVHQDFLRQDOGRSUy[LPRYDOHWXGRXPDSUpVHOHomRHQWUHRV
FDSRHLUDVOXWDGRUHVLQWHUHVVDGRV$ILQDOWUDWDVHGD³OXWDQDFLRQDOEUDVLOHLUD´PXLWRHPERUD
Ki TXH VH UHFRQKHFHU SDUD VH LPSRU FRPR DUWH PDUFLDO YDL SUHFLVDU TXH RXWURV PXLWRV
RXWURV FDSRHLULVWDVOXWDGRUHVWHQKDPDFRUDJHPQmRpIiFLOTXHWHYHXP$UWXU(PtGLRGH
2OLYHLUDQRSDVVDGRHTXHHVWiWHQGRDJRUDR6U6LGQH\*RQoDOYHV'DtRJUDQGHDOFDQFHGH
XPD VHOHomR SUHOLPLQDU FRP YLVWDV D VHOHFLRQDU XP FDSRHLUDOXWDGRU SDUD D SULPHLUD IDVH
EUDVLOHLUDGRSUy[LPRWRUQHLRGHYDOHWXGR
6HLVWRIRUIHLWRQmRWHQKRG~YLGDR0DUDFDQm]LQKRYDLVXSHUORWDUWDOYH]DWpJDUDQWD
XPD UHFHLWD TXH SRVVD WUDQTLOL]DU RV RUJDQL]DGRUHV HP UHODomR jV FXVWDV GD IDVH
LQWHUQDFLRQDO
2 JUDQGH PpULWR GHVWD DOWHUQDWLYD HQWUHWDQWR VHUiSHUPLWLU D ERD SDUWH GRV DWXDLV
PHVWUHVGHFDSRHLUDUHIOHWLUHPPHOKRUVREUHRUHDOSRWHQFLDOGD&DSRHLUDFRPRDUWHPDUFLDO
3RLVVHPG~YLGDDOJXPDH[LVWHXPDUD]RiYHOGRVHGHIDQWDVLDJXHUUHLUDHPDOJXPDVURGDV
GH FDSRHLUD $ FDSRHLUD QmR WHQKDP G~YLGD VREUHYLYHUi D HVWH ODERUDWyULR VDLQGR GHOH
PDLVDXWrQWLFDHIDVFLQDQWH(PWHUPRVSUiWLFRVWpFQLFRVWiWLFRVHVREUHWXGRHPWHUPRV
LQVWLWXFLRQDLVRQGHXUJHXPIRUWDOHFLPHQWR
1mRIRVVHRVHXSUHVWtJLRSHVVRDOVXDIDPtOLDVHXVDPLJRVVHXVDOXQRVUHSUHVHQ
WDQWHV GD LQVWLWXLomR PXQLFLSDO RQGH WUDEDOKD 0HVWUH +XON WHULD ILFDGR VR]LQKR QR +RVSLWDO
6RX]D $JXLDU SDUD RQGH IRL OHYDGR DSyV XPD OXWD LQLFLDO LPSURYLVDGD H LQIHOL] FRP R FD
QDGHQVH-HDQ5LYLHUUH(VWLYHOiKRVSLWDOHVHQWLDIDOWDGHXPDDomRLQVWLWXFLRQDOREMHWLYD
HHILFD]3RUH[HPSORXPUHSUHVHQWDQWHGR0LQLVWpULR([WUDRUGLQiULRGH(VSRUWHVRXGR
0LQLVWpULRGD(GXFDomRRXDWpGD&XOWXUDSRUTXHQmR"
(PVXPDHQTXDQWRQRV(VWDGRV8QLGRV0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGHUHFHEHGHXPDIDFXO
GDGHRWLWXORGH GRFWRURIKXPDQHOHWWHUV H GR*RYHUQRXPFRELoDGR³JUHHQFDUG´FRPR
0HVWUH GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD DTXL QR %UDVLO D YHUGDGHLUD FDSRHLUD FRQWLQXD VHQGR WUDWDGD
FRPRIHQ{PHQRVyFLRFXOWXUDOGHVHJXQGDFODVVH
5,2GHGH]HPEURGHO
22
72))/(5&$32(,5$(26*29(5126
$FDEHL GH OHU R PDLV UHFHQWH OLYUR GR FDVDO $OYLQ +HLGL 72))/(5 ³&ULDQGR XPD
QRYD&LYLOL]DomR´/HLWXUDREULJDWyULDSDUDWRGRPXQGRVHUYLQGRSDUDPLPHVSHFLDOPHQWH
SDUDPLQKDVDXODVGH7HRULD*HUDOGD$GPLQLVWUDomR6HUYHWDPEpPHFRPRSDUDODQoDU
DOJXPDVOX]HVQROLYURTXHRUDHVWRXHVFUHYHQGRVREUHRSURFHVVRGHLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRGD
&DSRHLUD
2 WHUFHLUR PXQGR UHDILUPD jV IROKDV WDQWDV GR OLYUR R FDVDO DFLPD PHQFLRQDGR
FRQYLYH FRP DV WUrV RQGDV FRP DV WUrV UHYROXo}HV DJUtFROD LQGXVWULDO H GD LQIRUPiWLFD
&ODUR FRQYLYH FRP SRXFD LQWLPLGDGH FRPD~OWLPDPDLVjYRQWDGHFRPDVHJXQGDHSRU
LQFUtYHOTXHSDUHoDFRPXPDJUDQGHGLILFXOGDGHFRPDSULPHLUDeIiFLOHQWHQGHUSRUTXr$
WHUFHLUD LQIRUPiWLFD QmR QRV Gi LQWLPLGDGH D VHJXQGD LQGXVWULDO IRL ³JHQHURVDPHQWH´
OLEHUDGD ³SDUD QyV SROXLomR VLQGLFDWRV HWF H ILQDOPHQWH D SULPHLUD UHYROXomR DJUtFROD
HHFROyJLFDHVWiDH[LJLUXPDERDUHIRUPDHXPERPFRQWUROHGHUDGDUYHUGHDPDUHOR
$ HVWUXWXUD GR SRGHU QR WHUFHLUR PXQGR HVWUHPHFH FRP HVVDV WUrV RQGDV QmR
VDEHQGR FRQYLYHU FRP HODV WHPH FRP UD]mR SURSRVWDV SRSXODUHV PtGLD GH
UHHVWUXWXUDomR 'Dt RV FRQVWDQWHV HVFkQGDORV FRPRpERPH[HPSORRHSLVyGLRGD³SDVWD
URVD´RQGHVHJXQGRDOJXQVEDQTXHLURVILQDQFLDPOHJLVODGRUHV(YLFHYHUVD(TXDQWRjV
OLFLWDo}HVTXHQmROLFLWDPPHVPRGHUUXEDQGRPLQLVWURV"(TXDQWRj³FDL[DGRLV´GLSORPiWLFD
TXHH[RQHUDjVYH]HVGHPLWHPDVMDPDLVSUHQGH"
1RVVR H[WUDRUGLQiULR 3HOp SRU VLQDO 0LQLVWUR ([WUDRUGLQiULR GRV (VSRUWHV
FRUDMRVDPHQWH FKDPRX SDUD VL D iUGXD PLVVmR GH DOHUWDU TXH R ³UHL HVWi QX´ 2X VHMD
FKDPDQGR DWHQomR SDUD D FRUUXSomR QR (VSRUWH SDUD D FRUUXSomR DWp GHQWUR GR SUySULR
JRYHUQRWULSDUWLomRGH0RQWHVTXLHX
0DVEDL[DQGRXPSRXFRHVWDERODFRPRHVWDUiD&DSRHLUDQHVWHFHQiULR"
6HUi IXQomR GR JRYHUQR FRODERUDU FRP D SUHVHUYDomR GD FXOWXUD SRSXODU GR VHX
SRYR"
$FUHGLWRTXHVLP
6HQGRD&DSRHLUDLQTXHVWLRQDYHOPHQWHSROLYDOHQWHDVSHFWRVGHVSRUWLYRVUHFUHDWL
YRVHGXFDFLRQDLVFXOWXUDLVUHOLJLRVRVKLVWyULFRVHWFFRPRRVGLYHUVRVVHWRUHVGRVJRYHU
QRVEUDVLOHLURVIHGHUDOHVWDGXDLVHPXQLFLSDLVHVWmRVHSRUWDQGRDUHVSHLWR"
0DLV REMHWLYDPHQWH HP UHODomR j FDSRHLUD TXDQWR H VREUHWXGR FRPR RV JRYHUQRV
HVWmRJDVWDQGRRGLQKHLURS~EOLFRRVRIULGRGLQKHLURGRFLGDGmRFRQWULEXLQWH"
*UDoDVD'HXVRVJRYHUQRVHVWmRJDVWDQGRPXLWRSRXFR'HYHULDPHVWDUJDVWDQGR
PXLWR PDLV HQWUHWDQWR UHSLWR JUDoDV D 'HXV HVWmR JDVWDQGR PXLWR SRXFR $ MXOJDU SHORV
UHVXOWDGRVDOFDQoDGRVPHOKRUVHULDVHRVJRYHUQRVQmRHVWLYHVVHPJDVWDQGRQDGD
2 VRFLyORJR DOHPmR 0D[ :HEHU QRVVR SUHVLGHQWH GD UHS~EOLFD IRL R VXSHUYLVRU
WpFQLFR GH XPD GDV PHOKRUHV REUDV GH :HEHU WUDGX]LGDV SDUD R SRUWXJXrV GHIHQGLD WUrV
WLSRV GH VRFLHGDGH H GH OLGHUDQoD WUDGLFLRQDO FDULVPiWLFD H IRUPDO +HJHO HQWHQGLD D
%XURFUDFLDFRPRXPHORHQWUHDVRFLHGDGHFLYLOHRJRYHUQR.DUO0DU[PDQGLQJXHLUDPHQWH
WHULD VLGR FDSRHLULVWD" GLVFRUGD HP SDUWH GH +HJHO DOHUWDQGR TXH D %XURFUDFLD
*RYHUQDPHQWDOQmRSDVVDGHXPEUDoREUDoRDUPDGRFRPDVPDLVSHULJRVDVGDVDUPDVR
SURFHVVREXURFUiWLFRGDVHOLWHVGHFDGDVRFLHGDGH
4XDQGR GpFDGDV DWUiV HVFUHYL D PRQRJUDILD ³R (PEUDQTXHFLPHQWR GD &DSRHLUD´
SRGHVHOHUWDPEpPR³DEXUJXHVDPHQWRGDFDSRHLUD´VHPVDEHUHVWDYDSODJLDQGR0DU[
SRGHULDDWpWHUVLGRSUHVR
2 SLRU p TXH DWp DJRUD QDGD PXGRX $V PLQJXDGDV YHUEDV TXH R JRYHUQR IHGHUDO
HVWiGHVWLQDQGRjFDSRHLUDVDOYRHQJDQRHVWmRVHQGRFDQDOL]DGDVSDUDUHIRUoDURSURFHVVR
GH³HPEUDQTXHFLPHQWRGDFDSRHLUD´3RVVLELOLWDQGRDLQGDDOJXPDVYLDJHQVWXUtVWLFDVSDUDRV
HYHQWXDLVGRQRVGDYHUGDGHHDOJXQV³XQFOHVWRP´GDFDSRHLUD
23
'H XP H[WUHPR D RXWUR SDVVDQGR GR FtUFXOR IHGHUDO SDUD R PXQLFLSDO YDPRV
HQFRQWUDURPHVPRTXDGUR5HFHQWHPHQWHHPIXQomRGRVDQRVGH=XPELHGHXPILQDO
GH YHUED SURPRYHXVH DTXL QR PXQLFtSLR GR 5,2 XP HQFRQWUR HQWUH YHOKRV PHVWUHV GR
VDPED H GD FDSRHLUD 4XDLV IRUDP RV FULWpULRV DGRWDGRV SDUD HVFROKHU RV SDUWLFLSDQWHV
TXDLV RV FULWpULRV HVFROKLGRV SDUD UHPXQHUDU RV SDUWLFLSDQWHV H VREUHWXGR TXDLV RV
UHVXOWDGRV SUiWLFRV GHVWH FXULRVR HYHQWR" 3HQVRXVH UHDOPHQWH QD WHUFHLUD RQGD GD
&DSRHLUD" 3HQVRXVH UHDOPHQWH QD WHUFHLUD RQGD GR VDPED" 2X DSHQDV SHQVRXVH
ILVLRORJLFDPHQWHHPODQoDUDVEDVHVGHXPDFDPSDQKDHOHLWRUDO"
'H TXDOTXHU PDQHLUD WXGR LQGLFD TXH R 5LR SHUGHX HVWD ³YROWD GR PXQGR´ SDUD D
%DKLD TXH VRE D FRRUGHQDomR GR EDFKDUHO HP GLUHLWR H HGXFDomR ItVLFD 6U 2GLORQ -RUJH
'DOWURGH*yHV0HVWUH2GLORQUHDOL]RXXPGHPRFUiWLFRHYHQWR3DOHVWUDH*UDQGH5RGDGH
&DSRHLUD=XPELFRPDPSODFREHUWXUDGDPtGLD
(PVXPDXUJHID]HUD&DSRHLUDVXUIDUWDPEpPDWHUFHLUDRQGDGRFDVDO7RIIOHUQD
HVWUDGDGRIXWXUR³7KHURDGDKHDG´GH%LOO*DWHV
&ODUR WHQGR GH IXQGR RV SULQFtSLRV XQLYHUVDLV GR YHOKR H VDXGRVR )D\RO ( SRU
TXHQmR"RVTXDWURSULQFtSLRVGD$GPLQLVWUDomR3~EOLFD%UDVLOHLUD&RQVWLWXLomR)HGHUDO$UW
FDSXW PXLWR HVSHFLDOPHQWH R SULQFtSLR GD ,03(662$/,'$'( $OLiV FRQWHPSODGR
WDPEpPSRU)D\RO
5,2GHMDQHLURGHO
24
$08/+(51$&$32(,5$
$+LVWyULDGR%UDVLO&RORQLDOUHJLVWUDGHPRGRSRXFRSUHFLVRDOJXQVFDVRVGHPX
OKHUHVMRJDQGRFDSRHLUD0DVpQHVWHVpFXORDSDUWLUGHDOJXPDVGpFDGDVDWUiVTXHVHFR
PHoD D UHJLVWUDU PDLV QLWLGDPHQWH D SUHVHQoD GD PXOKHU QR FRPHoR WLPLGDPHQWH DEUL
OKDQWDQGRDSDUWHFDQWDGD3RXFRDSRXFRHQWUHWDQWRDSUHVHQoDGDPXOKHUIRLFUHVFHQGR
RFXSDQGRHVSDoRVFDGDYH]PDLRUHV'DSUHVHQoDGDPXOKHUQRFDQWRRGLVFRGH0HVWUH
%LPEDJUDYDGRQRLQtFLRGRVDQRVpXPERPH[HPSOR
0DVFRPRH[HPSORSLRQHLURGHPX
OKHU MRJDQGR FDSRHLUD VHP G~YLGD DOJX
PD SRGHPRV FLWDU R WUDEDOKR GR 0HVWUH
$UWXU (PtGLR GH 2OLYHLUD TXH WDPEpP
SRU YROWD GRV DQRV HQWUH RXWUDV PR
oDVWHYHRSUD]HUHDKRQUDGHHQVLQDUD
QRVVD WHQLVWD FDPSHm EUDVLOHLUD /XF\
0DLD
2 TXDGUR DWXDO HQWUHWDQWR p TXH
HVWiMXVWLILFDQGRRSUHVHQWHDUWLJR3RLVp
PXLWRSRVVtYHOTXHDFDSRHLUDDWXDOPHQ
WHVHMDRHVSRUWHTXHUH~QDPDLRUQ~PH
UR GH SDUWLFLSDQWHV GR VH[R IHPLQLQR (
FRPRGDTXDQWLGDGHVHPSUHWHQGHDVDLU
DOJXPDTXDOLGDGHDVURGDVGHFDSRHLUDMi
FRPHoDP D FRQWDU FRP YHUGDGHLUDV
PHVWUDV GH FDSRHLUD &RQVWDWDomR TXH
VHUYHSDUDR5LR%DKLD6mR3DXOR0LQDV
0HVWUH$UWXUHDWHQLVWD/XF\0DLD5HYLVWDGR
HQILPSDUDWRGRR%UDVLOHSDUDRUHVWRGR
(VSRUWHQ5,2PDLR
PXQGRFRPRYHUHPRVPDLVDGLDQWH
2 WHPD FRPHoRX D FKDPDU PLQKD DWHQomR GXUDQWH D IHVWD GH FRPHPRUDomR
SURPRYLGD SHOR 3URIHVVRU $XJXVWR /RSHV PDLV FRQKHFLGR FRPR 0HVWUH %DLDQR $Q]RO $R
ILQDO GD IHVWD FRPHQWDQGR R GHVHPSHQKR GD JUDQGH URGD GH FDSRHLUD HFXPrQLFD QXPD
DWLWXGHH[HPSODU$Q]ROWUDWRXGHFRQYLGDU³JUHJRVHWURLDQRV´RTXHDOLiVQmRGHXPXLWR
FHUWRPDVLVWRpRXWUDKLVWyULDSHUFHELSDUDPLQKDVXUSUHVDHDGHWRGRVTXHPHXVGRLV
GHVWDTXHV HUDP SDUD GXDV FDSRHLULVWDV *LVHOH *LJL UHVSRQViYHO SHOD ³YROWD GR PXQGR´
PDLV SXUD H PDLV FRPSOHWD RQGH HQWUH RXWURV PRYLPHQWRV GHX XPD UDVWHLUD
DEVROXWDPHQWHDQWROyJLFDH0{QLFD&HJRQKDTXHHPERUDODPHQWDQGRPXLWRIRLREULJDGD
D PRVWUDU R TXH DFRQWHFH TXDQGR XPD SDUFHLUD GH ³YROWD GR PXQGR´ LQVLVWH
REVWLQDGDPHQWHHPDSOLFDUXPJROSHPDLVGDIDPtOLDGRMXG{GRTXHGDIDPtOLDGDFDSRHLUD
$OLiVHVWHIRLPHX~QLFRUHSDURHPHXDOHUWDSDUDHVWDOHJLmRGHPXOKHUHVFDSRHLULVWDVTXH
FRPHoDDHQULTXHFHUDVURGDVGHFDSRHLUDFXLGDGRFRPR³DEXUJXHVDPHQWR´GDFDSRHLUD
0DV R VDOGR GD IHVWD IRL H[WUHPDPHQWH SRVLWLYR YDOHQGR UHJLVWUDU PXLWR
HVSHFLDOPHQWH R PRPHQWR FULDGR SHOR 0HVWUH $Q]RO TXDQGR VH IRUPRX XPD URGD Vy GH
PXOKHUHV 6Dt GH Oi FRQYHQFLGR TXH Ki SRWHQFLDO SDUD ID]HU PXLWR PDLV 3RU TXH SRU
H[HPSORQmRHQWUHJDUWDPEpPRFRPDQGRGD5RGDSDUWHUtWPLFDHFDQWDGDjVSUySULDV
PXOKHUHV"
3HUVHJXLQGR R ³PRWH´ WUDWHL GH FRQYHUVDU FRP D FDSRHLULVWD -~OLD 0XQL] ,81$
0HVWUH 5XL +HQULTXH TXH DOpP GH OHPEUDU YiULRV QRPHV 5RVkQJHOD 5XIDWWR 6XHOL &RWD
ËQGLD%DEXtQD)UDQFHV/DG\%RUEROHWD5LWDGH&iVVLD6DQWRVFRQWUDPHVWUH&KLQD6XHOL
6XUL6DP ³'LOi´ HWF FRQFRUGRX HP SULQFtSLR FRP D LGpLD GH VH HVWLPXODU UHXQL}HV
SHULyGLFDVDSHQDVGHPXOKHUHVFDSRHLULVWDV5HXQL}HVRQGHD&DSRHLUDVHULDUHIOHWLGDVRER
SRQWRGHYLVWDIHPLQLQR3RUTXHQmRSRUH[HPSORDVFDSRHLULVWDVQmRFRPHoDPDFRPSRU
VXDVSUySULDVODGDLQKDVFRPOX]SUySULDILORVRIDQGRVREUHDVXDSUySULDSUHVHQoDQRPXQGR
25
H QD YROWD GR PXQGR R UHVXOWDGR FHUWDPHQWH PHUHFHULD VHUSHUSHWXDGRHPGLVFRFRPD
SUHVHQoDIXQGDPHQWDOGDHQFDQWDGRUDYR]GDFDSRHLULVWD&LoDRUDHP1RYD<RUNHTXHP
VDEH"FRPXPDSDUWLFLSDomRHVSHFLDOGDIDVFLQDQWHFDQWRUD(OED5DPDOKRUHFpPEDWL]DGD
QXPD5RGDGH&DSRHLUD"(TXDQWRDRVDVSHFWRVWpFQLFRVHWiWLFRV"(TXDQWRj+LVWyULDGD
&DSRHLUD H GRV VHXV IXQGDPHQWRV" ( TXDQWR j $GPLQLVWUDomR GD &DSRHLUD SURFHVVR GH
LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR WmR QHJOLJHQFLDGR DWp DJRUD" ( TXDQWR j ILVLRORJLD H j DQDWRPLD" (
TXDQWRjOXGLFLGDGHHDJRQtVWLFD"(TXDQWRjpWLFD"
( TXDQWR j ³WHUFHLUD RQGD´ FDVDO 7RIIOHU GD FDSRHLUD VXD LQWHUQDFLRQDOL]DomR DV
PHVWUDV GH FDSRHLUD QR H[WHULRU" 2 FRQVXODGR DPHULFDQR SRU H[HPSOR FRP WRGD UD]mR
QHJDRYLVWRSHUPDQHQWHSDUDWRGRHTXDOTXHUSHGLGRUHODFLRQDGRFRPRHQVLQRGDFDSRHLUD
&RP UD]mR SRLV DILQDO DVVLP FRPR DTXL QR %UDVLO H[LVWH Oi IRUD XP ERP Q~PHUR GH
³PHVWUHV´ SRXFR H[SUHVVLYRV 0DV FODUR H[LVWHP DOJXPDV H[WUDRUGLQiULDV H[FHo}HV 8PD
GHODVVHPG~YLGDpRQRVVRTXHULGRGRFWRURIKXPDQHOHWWHUV0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGH
2X VHMD DVVXQWR p TXH QmR IDOWD 4XH YHQKD SRLV D SULPHLUD UHXQLmR GH
PXOKHUHVFDSRHLULVWDV
5,2GHIHYHUHLURGHO
26
6,1+2=,1+2
(VWRXWHUPLQDQGRPHXVHJXQGROLYURGHVWDYH]H[FOXVLYDPHQWHVREUHD$UWHGD&D
SRHLUDJHPWHUiXPDYHUVmRHPLQJOrV³&DSRHLUDLQYLWHV\RXIRUDWXUQDURXQGWKHZRUOG´
2³PRWH´SULQFLSDOpRSURFHVVRGHLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRODPHQWiYHOPDVLQHYLWiYHOFRP
HVSHFLDOrQIDVHQRSDSHOTXHRVJRYHUQRVIHGHUDOHVWDGXDLVHPXQLFLSDLVHVWmRRXGH
YHULDPHVWDUGHVHPSHQKDQGR
)DoRXPSDUDOHORFRPRSURFHVVRGHLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRVRIULGRSHORMD]]HFKDPRD
DWHQomRSDUDDOJXPDVVHPHOKDQoDVFRPRPRPHQWRDWXDOGD&DSRHLUD'DtDLGpLDGHXPD
HGLomRHPLQJOrV
)HFKRROLYURID]HQGRXPDSDQKDGRFUtWLFRGD&DSRHLUDQD,QWHUQHWMiFRQJHVWLRQDGD
FRPXPD³QHRFDSRHLUD´2TXHGHPRQVWURXDLPSRUWkQFLDVHQmRDIUUHVJDWDUSHORPHQRV
GHL[DU UHJLVWUDGR XP UHVXPR GD VXEVWDQFLDO H LQTXHVWLRQiYHO FRQWULEXLomR GR 6U $JHQRU
6DPSDLR PDLV FRQKHFLGR FRPR 6LQKR]LQKR ,SDQHPD 5,2 QD SUiWLFD GD FDSRHLUD FRPR
YHUGDGHLUDDUWHPDUFLDO
Sinhozinho e alunos. Ano 1940
3DUDWDQWRWUDWHLGHSURFXUDUR3URIHVVRU5XGROI+HUPDQQ\XPGRVPHOKRUHVDOXQRV
GH 6LQKR]LQKR FRP TXHP WLYH D KRQUD H R GHVSUD]HU EDWLD PXLWR IRUWH GH ID]HU DOJXQV
WUHLQRV GH FDSRHLUD *HQHURVDPHQWH 5XGROI +HUPDQQ\ OLEHURX VHXV JXDUGDGRV IRWRV GH
6LQKR]LQKR UHSRUWDJHQV H DUWLJRV SUHFLRVRV DOpP GH SUHVWDU XP ORQJR VHJXUR pWLFR H
PXLWREHPLQIRUPDGRGHSRLPHQWRSHVVRDO6ySDUDGDUXPDLGpLDOHYHLSDUDFDVDMRUQDLVGD
pSRFDFRPSUHFLRVDVPDWpULDVVREUHRVFRQIURQWRVQR5,2GHDOXQRVGH0HVWUH%LPEDFRP
DOXQRVGH6LQKR]LQKR
,GHQWLILFDQGR RV QRPHV HP FDGD IRWR GD SULPHLUD VDIUD GH DOXQRV GH 6LQKR]LQKR
$QGUp-DQVHQRVLUPmRV0DULQKR$OEHUWR6LOYD(XULFR)HUQDQGHVHRXWURVLQtFLRGDGpFDGD
GH jV VDIUDV VHJXLQWHV FRP -RDTXLP *RPHV 4XLP /XL] 3HUHLUD GH $JXLDU
27
&LUDQGLQKD &DUORV $OEHUWR 3HWWH]]RQL &DUORV $OEHUWR 0RQWHLUR R SRSXODU &RSDFDEDQD R
SUySULR5XGROI+HUPDQQ\8UVR5REHUWR:LOOLDP
+HUPDQQ\ IH] XPD HVSHFLDO VXJHVWmR ³HVWH DTXL p R 3URIHVVRU 3DXOR $]HUHGR VHX
WUDEDOKR QmR HVWDUi FRPSOHWR VH QmR FRQYHUVDU ORQJDPHQWH FRP HOH (UD PXLWR OLJDGR DR
6LQKR]LQKR H IRL FRQVLGHUDGR QD pSRFD R DWOHWD SHUIHLWR´ 'LDV GHSRLV WLYH R SUD]HU GH
FRQVWDWDU R PpULWR GD VXJHVWmR FRQYHUVDQGR
ORQJDPHQWH FRP XPD GDV PDLV H[SUHVVLYDV
SHUVRQDOLGDGHV GH WRGRV RV WHPSRV GR GHVSRUWR
EUDVLOHLURR3URIHVVRU3DXOR$]HUHGR
3DUDFRPHoDUIRPRVUHFHELGRVFRPXPSUHVHQ
WHUDURXPH[HPSODUFRPJHQHURVDGHGLFDWyULDGR
SUHFLRVROLYURGH$QQLEDO%XUODPDTXL=XPD
*\PQDVWLFD1DFLRQDO&DSRHLUDJHPPHWKRGLVDGDH
UHJUDGD´
1mR WHQKR PDLV D PHQRU G~YLGD TXH HVWH OLYUR
VXEVLGLRX SUDWLFDPHQWH WRGRV RV HVIRUoRV TXH FRPH
oDUDPDVXUJLUSRUYROWDGHVWDpSRFDQRVHQWLGRGH
LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DUD&DSRHLUD1mRDSHQDVQR5,2PDV
WDPEpP QD %DKLD H HP YiULRV RXWURV HVWDGRV
3HVTXLVD SDUDOHOD TXH HVWRX ID]HQGR QR -RUQDO GRV 6SRUWV D FDSRHLUD QD GpFDGD GH FRQILUPD SRU H[HPSOR TXH YLVLWDQGR R 5,2 R JUDQGH H VDXGRVR 0HVWUH %LPED FROKHX
VLJQLILFDWLYRVVXEVtGLRVJROSHVGHRXWUDVOXWDVWDOYH]TXHPVDEH"XPH[HPSODUGROLYUR
GH =XPD SDUD HQULTXHFHU R VHX Mi WHPLGR DUVHQDO GH PRYLPHQWRV FDSRHLUtVWLFRV GH
EDWXTXHHGHOXWDOLYUH
2%$+ÒeGDGRFRPDEDUULJDSDUDROHYDQWDPHQWRGRDGYHUViULRePXLWRSUDWLFDGR³QRVÉDWXTXHV
OLVRVHVDPEDV
*LPQDVWLFD1DFLRQDO&DSRHLUDJHP$QQLEDO%XUODPDTXLR(GLomR
28
'HSRLV GH XPD ORQJD FRQYHUVD R 3URIHVVRU 3DXOR $]HUHGR EULQGRXQRV FRP XP
YtGHRWHLSHVREUHDVXDWUDMHWyULDGHDWOHWDYLWRULRVRHPPDLVGHPRGDOLGDGHVLQFOXVLYH
OXWD1RYtGHRDOpPGHPDLVUHJLVWURVVREUH6LQKR]LQKRXPDORQJDHUHVSHLWiYHOUHODomRGH
H[DOXQRVHDPLJRVFRPR7RP-RELP%ULJDGHLUR'pOLR-DUGLPGH0DWWRVHPXLWRVRXWURV
)DUWRHSUHFLRVRPDWHULDOSRUWDQWRSDUDIHFKDUFRPFKDYHGHRXURXPOLYURVREUH
&DSRHLUD
$R GHL[DU D FDVD GR 3URIHVVRU $]HUHGR IRPRV KRQUDGRV HX H PLQKD PXOKHU FRP
XPFRQYLWHSDUDSDUWLFLSDUQRSUy[LPRGLDGHPDUoRGRDOPRoRFRPHPRUDWLYRGRVVHXV
MRYHQVRLWHQWDDQRV
$OPRoR TXH D MXOJDU SHOD OHJLmR GH DPLJRV GHYHUi RFRUUHU QR
0DUDFDQm]LQKR3DOFRWDOYH]GHXPDUHYDQFKHHQWUHRFDSRHLULVWD6LGQH\*RQoDOYHV)UHLWDV
0HVWUH +XON FDPSHmR EUDVLOHLUR GR , 7LUD7HLPDV GH 9DOH 7XGR H R FDPSHmR GH MLXMLWVX
$PDXU\ %LWHWWL 0DV LVWR p FODUR Mi p XPD RXWUD KLVWyULD 2XPHOKRU XP QRYRFDStWXORGD
IDVFLQDQWHKLVWyULDGD&DSRHLUD
5,2GHIHYHUHLURGHO
29
1$1È67(,1:$<(%(5,0%$8
³$ PHOKRU FRUGD SDUD EHULPEDX p D FRUGD Q~PHUR SDUD SLDQR PDUFD
6WHLQZD\DILQDGDHPIi´
4XHPDILUPDHQWUHRXWUDVFUHGHQFLDLVMiHVFUHYHXHJUDYRXVLPSOHVPHQWHXP
FRQFHUWRSDUD%HULPEDXH2UTXHVWUD³6DXGDGHV´JUDYDGRQD$OHPDQKDHP
1mR QmR VH WUDWD GH XP ³JULQJR´
PHLREUDVLOHQLVWD PDV VHP XP UHDO VHQWLPHQWR
GR TXH VHMD D PDQGLQJD GR EHULPEDX %HP DR
FRQWUiULR WUDWDVH GH XP SHUQDPEXFDQR FRP
SDVVDJHP SHOR 5LR 3DULV FLQFR DQRV RUD
UDGLFDGR QD IDVFLQDQWH ,OKD ³(VWDGRV 8QLGRV GH
0DQKDWWDQ´ PDV YLYHQGR D PDLRU SDUWH GR
WHPSR GHQWUR GH XP DYLmR 1DQi
9DVFRQFHORV
'HSDVVDJHPSHOR5LRXOWLPDQGRRV
SUHSDUDWLYRVGHPDLVXP3(5&3$1,,,:RUOG
3HUFXVVLRQ 3DQDURPD IHVWLYDO PXQGLDO GH
ULWPRV DQXDOPHQWH UHDOL]DGR HP 6DOYDGRU VRE
RVDXVStFLRVGR*RYHUQRGD%DKLDRTXHWDOYH]
H[SOLTXHDDXVrQFLDGHXPDEDWHULDGHXPDGDV
HVFRODV GH VDPED GR 5,2 1DQi IRL j SUDLD
SHQVDQGR HP GHVFDQVDU H DFDERX QXP
HQFRQWURFDVXDOHQVHMDQGRHVWHDUWLJR
(PERUDR³PRWH´SULQFLSDOGDORQJD
1DQi9DVFRQFHORV
FRQYHUVD WHQKD VLGR R %HULPEDX IDORXVH GH
WXGR 'RP 8P 5RPmR IDPRVR KLVWyULFR H
VDXGRVR%HFRGDV*DUUDIDV³%RWWOH¶V'RP8PWRFDQGRFRP0HVWUH/HRSROGLQDWUDEDOKRV
FRP0LOWRQ1DVFLPHQWRDYLDJHPGH1DQiSDUD%XHQRV$LUHVFRQYLGDGRSDUDJUDYDUFRPR
*DWR %DUELpUL R PHVPR %DUELpUL FRQYLGDQGR 1DQi SDUD JUDYDU HP 1RYD <RUN GHSRLV HP
3DULV RQGH 1DQi UHVROYHX IL[DU UHVLGrQFLD &XULRVDPHQWH IRL Oi HP 3DULV H QmR DTXLTXH
FRPHoRXDWRFDUHJUDYDUFRP(JEHUWR*LVPRQWL'DQoDGDV&DEHoDV6ROGR0HLR'LD'XDV
9R]HV 'H 3DULV 1DQi PXGRXVH SDUD 1RYD <RUN RQGH UHVLGH DWp KRMH HP FRQWDWR
SHUPDQHQWHFRPYiULRVDPLJRVFRPXQVFRPRRH[WUDRUGLQiULR0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGHHRQmR
PHQRVH[WUDRUGLQiULR6\OYLR5HGLQJHUUHVSRQViYHOSRUXPDFDSDJHQLDOGHXPGRVGLVFRV
JUDYDGRVSRU1DQi5DLQ'DQFH
&RQYHUVDGHSUDLDVHQmRpEHPDGPLQLVWUDGDRTXHQHPID]PXLWRVHQWLGRQmR
DFDED QXQFD 7UDWHL SRUWDQWR Oi SHODV WDQWDV GH FRQFHQWUDU WRGD D DWHQomR QR EHULPEDX
5HFHEL XPD DXOD PDJQD D SRQWR GH ODPHQWDU D DXVrQFLD GH JUDQGHV WRFDGRUHV H
³ID]HGRUHV´ GH EHULPEDX FRPR RV 0HVWUHV (GYDOGR %DLDQR &DPLVD 0HQGRQoD %RJDGR
)DQKR1DFLRQDO&DELGHHDOJXQVRXWURV
3DUDFRPHoDU1DQiGHL[RXEHPFODURDLPSRUWkQFLDGDVUDt]HV³WUDWHLGHDSUHQGHU
SULPHLURRPHOKRUTXHSXGHRVWRTXHVWUDGLFLRQDLVGDFDSRHLUD´³SRLVQmRVHSRGHHQmRVH
GHYH WHQWDU LQYHQWDU HQTXDQWR QmR VH WHP XP SURIXQGR GRPtQLR GR TXH Mi H[LVWH´
9HUGDGHLUDOLomRSDUDPXLWRVPHVWUHVGHEHULPEDXTXHDQGDPSRUDt
(PVHJXLGDGHPDQHLUDEHPKXPRUDGD1DQiUHVXPLXXPFXULRVRSUREOHPDTXH
WHYHHPUHODomRDR³GREUmR´PRHGDDQWLJDTXHPXLWRVDLQGDXWLOL]DPSDUDWRFDUEHULPEDX
3HUGHX R VHX QD (XURSD H QmR VDELD FRPR DUUDQMDU DOJXPD PRHGD SDUHFLGD ³WHQWHL DWp D
³0DULD7HUHVD´DQWLJDPRHGDDXVWUtDFDGHWDPDQKRVLPLODUDRGREUmR´1DGDIXQFLRQRX
H TXDQGR FRQVHJXLX ILQDOPHQWH XP GREUmR GHVFREULX TXH WDPEpP QmR HUD PDLV D
30
VROXomR $ PHOKRU VROXomR DOLiV WDPEpP XVDGD SRU DOJXQV DQWLJRV WRFDGRUHV HUD H
FRQWLQXDVHQGRXPDSHTXHQDSHGUDWLSR³VHL[R´
$ ³FRUGD´ QmR p PDLV WLUDGD GH SQHX 'R DOWR GR VHX SURIXQGR FRQKHFLPHQWR
PXVLFDO1DQiDFDERXGHVFREULQGRDPHOKRUVROXomRFRUGDGHSLDQRDILQDGDQRVHXFDVR
³KiTXHVHVHQWLUDDOPDGRVRP´HPIi6XD~OWLPDFRUGDIRLFRPSUDGDHP+DPEXUJR
QDSUySULDIiEULFDGRVSLDQRV6WHLQZD\
(FRPRDPDUUDUDFRUGDDREHULPEDX"
³1DGD GH FRXUR RX Q\ORQ SRLV RV GRLV WLUDP R VRP DEVRUYHP R VRP R PHOKRU
PHVPR p FDGDUoR FRPXP GH VDSDWR &ODUR DVVLP FRPR D PDGHLUD GH EHULED R FDGDUoR
GHYHFRQWDUFRPXPDPDQXWHQomRQDEDVHGHSHULyGLFRVEDQKRVGHVHER
4XDQWRjFDEDoDJXQJD1DQiFRVWXPDGDUXPWUDWDPHQWRHVSHFLDOQDVERUGDV
SDUDRVRPVHHVSDOKDUPHOKRU
&KHJDPRVILQDOPHQWHDRFD[L[L
³6HP G~YLGD DOJXPD D VHPHQWH ³OiJULPD GH YLUJHP´FRQWLQXD VHQGR D PHOKRU
VROXomR7DQWRDVVLPTXHHVWRXOHYDQGRXPVDFRGHODVSDUD1RYD<RUN&RPUHODomRjEDVH
GR FD[L[L LVWR YDL GHSHQGHU GH FDGD XP TXHUHQGR XP VRP PDLV JUDYH p Vy FRORFDU XPD
EDVHSODQDTXHUHQGRXPVRPPDLVDJXGRRWRFDGRUGHYHUiRSWDUSRUXPDEDVHRYDODGD´
%HULPEDX FRPR VH Yr p XP LQVWUXPHQWR PXLWR HVSHFLDO LQFOXVLYH HP WHUPRV GH
WUDQVSRUWH $OJXQV PHVWUHV FKHJDP D SUHSDUDU FDSDV HVSHFLDLV SDUD SURWHJrOR 3HUJXQWHL
DR1DQiFRPRHOHUHVROYLDHVWHSUREOHPDHVSHFLDOPHQWHHPVXDVYLDJHQVSRUDYLmR
³6HP SUREOHPD OHYR QD PmR WRFR XP SRXFR SDUD D 6HJXUDQoD GR $HURSRUWR H
HPEDUFRéRSHVVRDOGD6HJXUDQoDVHPSUHHVWUDQKDRLQVWUXPHQWRTXHUHDOPHQWHSDUD
TXHPQmRFRQKHFHSDUHFHDWpXPDDUPD³5HVROYRRSUREOHPDWRFDQGRXPSRXFRSDUDRV
SROLFLDLVJRVWDULDDWpGHILOPDUDVH[SUHVV}HVGHFDGDXPGHOHV1RFRPHoRXPDH[SUHVVmR
WHQVD H GHVFRQILDGD DR ILQDO XPD H[SUHVVmR GH WRWDO FXUWLomR´ $t HX HPEDUFR VHP
³SUREOHPDV´
( SHQVDUTXH RQRVVR FyGLJR SHQDO GH O QRVHXFDStWXOR;,,,'RV9DGLRVH
&DSRHLUDVGHWHUPLQDYDTXHWRGRFDSRHLUDGHYHULDVHUSXQLGR(VWDULDLQFOXtGRDtRWRFDGRU
GHEHULPEDX"
5,2GHPDUoRGHO
31
26*5$&,($&$32(,5$(2%(5,0%$8
8PDSHVTXLVDVREUHDSUiWLFDGD&$32(,5$*(0QR%UDVLOQmRSRGHHPKLSyWHVH
DOJXPDILFDUOLPLWDGDjOHLWXUDGRVOLYURVVREUHRDVVXQWR1mRTXHVHMDPSRXFRVPDVHP
VXD JUDQGH PDLRULD DSUHVHQWDP XPD YLVmR UHJLRQDOL]DGD H H[FHVVLYDPHQWH DSDL[RQDGD
3DL[mRTXHjVYH]HVOHYDjIDQWDVLDDPLWLILFDo}HVHDWpDPLVWLILFDo}HV
&ODUR TXH OLYURV FRPR R GH $QQLEDO %XUODPDTXL =XPD *\PQDVWLFD 1DFLRQDO
GH,QH]LO3HQQD0DULQKR6XEVtGLRVSDUDR(VWXGRGD0HWRGRORJLDGR7UHLQDPHQWRGD
&DSRHLUDJHP GH :DOGHORLU 5HJR &DSRHLUD $QJRODHQVDLRVyFLRHWQRJUiILFR
GH/XLV6HUJLR'LDV4XHPWHPPHGRGD&DSRHLUD"&DUORV(XJrQLR/tEDQR6RDUHV$
1HJUHJDGD ,QVWLWXLomR RV FDSRHLUDV QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR H DOJXQV RXWURV GHYHP
FRPSRUDELEOLRWHFDGHTXDOTXHUSHVTXLVDGRU,VVRSDUDQmRPHQFLRQDUDVHPSUHYDOLRVD
FRQWULEXLomRGHDQWURSyORJRVVRFLyORJRVIROFORULVWDVYiOiPXVLFLVWDVHKLVWRULDGRUHVHP
JHUDO RX VHMD QRPHV FRPR 5RTXHWWH 3LQWR 5HQDWR GH $OPHLGD 'XQVKHH GH $EUDQFKHV
$OEDQR GH 2OLYHLUD $UWXU 5DPRV 0DQXHO 4XHULQR &kPDUD &DVFXGR 6LOYLR 5RPHUR /XL]
(GPXQGR0HOR0RUDLV)LOKR(GLVRQ&DUQHLURHWDQWRVRXWURV0DVQDSHVTXLVDGHYHOKRV
MRUQDLVHUHYLVWDVpTXHVHYDLHQFRQWUDURVHOHPHQWRVPDLVHVFODUHFHGRUHV
1mR WDQWR HP MRUQDLV GH FLUFXODomR ORFDO SRLV HVVHV REYLDPHQWH WHQGHP D WHU
XPDYLVmRLJXDOPHQWHORFDORXQRPi[LPRUHJLRQDOPDVVREUHWXGRHPMRUQDLVQDFLRQDLV
3RLV FRPR VH FRVWXPD GL]HU R ULR FRUUH SDUD R PDU H HP TXDOTXHU SDUWH GR PXQGR DR
ORQJR GD KLVWyULD YHULILFDVH TXH RV IDWRV PDLV UHOHYDQWHV WHQGHP D RFRUUHU QRV JUDQGHV
FHQWURVXUEDQRVQDVFLGDGHVPDLRUHV
)ROKHDQGR RV JUDQGHV MRUQDLV EUDVLOHLURV TXDWUR FLQFR VHLV GpFDGDV DWUiV YHULILFDVH DSHQDV SDUD GDU XP H[HPSOR TXH RV JUDQGHV FDQWRUHV OtULFRVDSUHVHQWDYDPVH
QR5LRHP%XHQRV$LUHVHYROWDYDPSDUDRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVRXSDUDD(XURSD2PHVPR
VHPSUHDFRQWHFHXQDiUHDGD$UWH0DUFLDO2VJUDQGHVOXWDGRUHVHVWUDQJHLURVGRV(VWDGRV
8QLGRVGD(XURSDRXGR2ULHQWHYLDGHUHJUDYLQKDPID]HUDSUHVHQWDo}HVHSDUWLFLSDUGH
FRQIURQWRV DTXL QR 5LR HQWmR FDSLWDO IHGHUDO GR %UDVLO 0HUJXOKDQGR PDLV D IXQGR QRV
MRUQDLVDQWLJRVHVSHFLDOPHQWHR-251$/'2632576DSDUWLUGDGpFDGDGHFRPHFHLD
FRQILUPDU HVWD YHUGDGH FDGD YH] PDLV FULVWDOLQD $FRQVHOKR DRV SHVTXLVDGRUHV VREUH R
DVVXQWRDID]HURPHVPR&RPEDVHHPWDLVSHVTXLVDVHVWiVHQGRSRVVtYHODFHQGHUDOJXPDV
OX]HV DSUHVHQWDU DOJXQV QRYRV WySLFRV SDUD GLVFXVVmR JHUDO H DWp HQVDLDU DOJXPDV
FRQFOXV}HV9HMDPRV
32
³&RPEDWHVTXHGHVSHUWDPHPRomRDVJ\PQDVWLFDVQDFLRQDOHMDSRQH]DIDFHDIDFH´³R6U
&DUORV*UDFLHGLUHWRUGDDFDGHPLDGHMLXMLWVXILUPRXXPDFFRUGRFRPR6U-D\PH)HUUHLUDGLUHWRUGD
$FDGHPLDGH&DSRHLUDJHP´-RUQDOGRV6SRUWVMXOKRHSiJLQDV
$ )DPtOLD *UDFLH WHP UHDOPHQWH XP HVSDoR JDUDQWLGR R TXH HVWi IDOWDQGR SDUD TXH
HVFUHYDP XP OLYUR HVFODUHFHGRU D UHVSHLWR" QD +LVWyULD GD $UWH 0DUFLDO QR %UDVLO
3UDWLFDPHQWH QmR KDYLD OXWDGRU HVWUDQJHLUR TXH FKHJDVVH DR %UDVLO 5,2 TXH QmR IRVVH
GHVDILDGRSHORVLUPmRV&DUORVH*HRUJH*UDFLHeVyOHURVMRUQDLVGDpSRFD
$&$32(,5$FRPHoDDDSDUHFHUQRVMRUQDLVHPIXQomRGHVWDUHDOLGDGHRUDID]HQGROXWDV
SUHOLPLQDUHVRUDDWpFRQIURQWDQGRVHFRPRV*UDFLH
'D &$32(,5$ GHVDILDQGR JUDQGHV PHVWUHV HVWUDQJHLURV VDOYR R IDPRVR H PDWUHLUR
FRQIURQWR HP O GR MDSRQrV 6DGD 0LDNR FRP R QRVVR &LUtDFR )UDQFLVFR GD 6LOYD
6LQKR]LQKR DVVLVWLX D HVVD OXWD p GLItFLO VHQmR LPSRVVtYHO HQFRQWUDU DOJXP UHJLVWUR QRV
JUDQGHVMRUQDLV9DOHQGRUHJLVWUDUFRPRFXULRVLGDGHHDEHPGDMXVWLoDDOJXQVFRQIURQWRV
GH UXD GH EHLUD GH FDLV RX HP SHTXHQRV WDEODGRV SHOR LQWHULRU RQGH D FDSRHLUD VH VDLX
PXLWREHPPXLWRHPERUDWDLVHYHQWRVHFRQIURQWRVQmRFRQWDVVHPFRPUHJUDVFODUDPHQWH
SUpIL[DGDV
3URLELGDQR&yGLJR3HQDOGHOD&DSRHLUDFRPROXWDVHPEHULPEDXSUDWLFDPHQWH
GHVDSDUHFHXGR5,2VREUHYLYHQGRQD%DKLDDRVRPIDVFLQDQWHGREHULPEDXHGRPHORGLRVR
FDQWREDLDQR
6HQGR R %(5,0%$8 XP IDQWiVWLFR LQVWUXPHQWR GH FRPXQLFDomR WRGRV RV FDQWRV
SUHFHLWRVODGDLQKDVHFKXODVSDVVDUDPD³YHQGHU´VRPHQWHDFDSRHLUDPXVLFDODFDSRHLUD
ORFDODFDSRHLUDEDLDQD
2TXHH[SOLFDSRUTXHTXDVHWRGRVRVWHPDVHVWDYDPHHPDOJXPDPHGLGDDLQGDHVWmR
UHVWULWRV j %DKLD HVSHFLDOPHQWH D 6DOYDGRU 2 TXH H[SOLFD R VLOrQFLR GR EHULPEDX EDLDQR
IUHQWH D JUDQGHV DFRQWHFLPHQWRV KLVWyULFRV GH GLPHQVmR QDFLRQDO FRPR SRU H[HPSOR D
FXULRVD H SURYLGHQFLDO DOLDQoD LQIRUPDO IHLWD HP MXQKR GH O GXUDQWH R UHLQDGR GH '
3HGUR , HQWUH XP UHSUHVHQWDQWH GR *RYHUQR 0DMRU 0LJXHO 1XQHV 9LGLJDO H RV FDSRHLUDV
FDULRFDVSDUDTXHHVVHVHQIUHQWDVVHPRVEDWDOK}HVVXEOHYDGRVGHHVWUDQJHLURVPHUFHQiULRV
DTXDUWHODGRV QD 3UDLD 9HUPHOKD QR &DPSR GH 6DQWDQD H HP 6mR &ULVWyYmR 'HQWUH
GH]HQDV GH RXWURV ULFRV H[HPSORV YDOHULD DLQGD GHVWDFDU PDLV WUrV R IDPRVR FDVR GR
FDSRHLULVWD-XFD5HLV-RVp(OtVLRGRV5HLVTXHVLPSOHVPHQWHTXDVHSURYRFRXXPDFULVH
PLQLVWHULDOQR*RYHUQRGH'HRGRURRFRQIURQWRHPGHPDLVGHXPDKRUDHQWUHR
FDSRHLULVWD5XGROI+HUPDQQ\&DSRHLUDGH6LQKR]LQKRH*XDQDLU*RPHVUHSUHVHQWDQGRR
MLXMLWVX R FRQIURQWR HP O HQWUH R 0HVWUH $UWXU (PtGLR GH 2OLYHLUD H R 6U (GJDUG
'XURHVSHFLDOLVWDHPOXWDOLYUHFRPDOJXPDVYLWyULDVVREUHDOXQRVGH0HVWUH%LPEDHD
YLWyULDGHXPFDSRHLULVWD6LGQH\*RQoDOYHV)UHLWDV0HVWUH+XONHPQR3ULPHLUR7LUD
7HLPD %UDVLOHLUR TXH FRQWRX FRP UHSUHVHQWDQWHV GH YiULDV RXWUDV OXWDV 2V DQWLJRV
FDQWDGRUHVGHFDSRHLUDTXHPXLWRIUHTHQWHPHQWHEXVFDYDPQRVSRHWDVUHSHQWLVWDVQD
OLWHUDWXUDGHFRUGHOLQVSLUDomRSDUDVXDVFKXODVEHPTXHSRGHULDPWHUDSURYHLWDGRGHVWHV
WDPEpPDYLVmRPDLVDEUDQJHQWHGHPXQGR
2 SRHWDUHSHQWLVWD p VHP VRPEUD GH G~YLGD XP FURQLVWD VRFLDO &DQWD R GLDDGLD GD
VXD FLGDGH FDQWD R GLDDGLD GR PXQGR FDQWD R SDVVDGR R SUHVHQWH H R IXWXUR 2
FDQWDGRU GH FDSRHLUD WDPEpP p XP FURQLVWD VRFLDO Vy TXH SHODV UD]}HV DFLPD UHVXPLGDV
DWpDJRUDFRQWLQXDPXLWRUHJLRQDOL]DGRHSUHVRDRSDVVDGR6LWXDomRTXHIHOL]PHQWH
FRPHoDDVHUPRGLILFDGD&DQWDGRUHVFRPSRVLWRUHVFRPRR6U*LOEHUWR4XLQL0HVWUH%HLMD
)ORU GR *UXSR &DSRHLUD 6HQ]DOD GH 6DQWRV FRPR R 6U (YHUWRQ GH )UHLWDV %DWLVWD 0HVWUH
)DQKRMiFRPHoDPFRPWRGRUHVSHLWRHUHYHUrQFLDjVUDt]HVDUHYROXFLRQDUDWHPiWLFDGR
-RJR GD &DSRHLUD (P VHX SULPHLUR GLVFR VHPLDUWHVDQDO 0HVWUH )DQKR FRP PXLWD
RSRUWXQLGDGH H FULDWLYLGDGH FULWLFD RV FLQHPDWRJUiILFRV QLQMDV FULWLFD D JLQJD PDUFDGD ³FDSRHLUDQmRpGHVILOHPLOLWDU´GHXPDQHRFDSRHLUDTXHDQGDJUDVVDQGRRXGHVJUDoDQGR
33
SRUDtDXWRFULWLFDVHFRPERPKXPRUHSHUPLWHVHID]HUDOJXPDVUHIOH[}HVILORVyILFDVVREUH
DPDJLDGDFDSRHLUD(LVDtXPERPH[HPSORTXHGHYHVHUVHJXLGRSRUWRGRVTXHUHDOPHQWH
JRVWDP GH &DSRHLUD $VVLP FRPR GHYH VHU VHJXLGR R HQWHQGLPHQWR GR VDXGRVR 0HVWUH
%LPED D UHVSHLWR GD &DSRHLUD SUDWLFDGD FRPR $UWH 0DUFLDO WDLV FRQIURQWRV HVSHFLDOPHQWH
FRP RXWUDV OXWDV QmR GHYHP VHU DR VRP GR EHULPEDX SDUD GHWDOKHV OHLDP R OLYUR ³0HVWUH
%LPEDD&U{QLFDGD&DSRHLUDJHP´SiJGH-DLU0RXUD
(UHDOPHQWHQmRSUHFLVDRXVDULDHXFRPSOHPHQWDUSRLVRYHUGDGHLURFDSRHLUDSDUWHSDUD
XPFRQIURQWRGHYHUGDGHHVSHFLDOPHQWHFRPRXWUDVOXWDVFRPRVRPGREHULPEDXQRVHX
FRUDomR9DOHQGRDGLDQWDUHQWUHWDQWRTXHLVWRDSHQDVQmREDVWDSRLVD&DSRHLUDFRPR$UWH
0DUFLDOH[LJHH[HUFtFLRVPXLWRHVSHFLDLV&DSRHLUDGH6LQKR]LQKRHXPDPRYLPHQWDomRGH
OXWDEHPGLIHUHQWHGDJLQJDO~GLFDGHXPDYROWDGRPXQGR
'Dt D LPSRUWkQFLD GH FRQIURQWRV DPLVWRVRV SHULyGLFRV H EHP UHJXODPHQWDGRV FRP
RXWUDVOXWDV
'DtDLPSRUWkQFLDGRV*UDFLHSDUDD&DSRHLUD
5,2GHPDUoRGHO
34
&5,$d2',9,1$'$&$32(,5$
2V HWHUQRV KXPRULVWDV GH SODQWmR TXDQGR TXHUHP FULWLFDU R JRYHUQR QR %UDVLO
UHDSUHVHQWDPDYHOKDKLVWyULDGDFULDomRGRPXQGR2QGHRVDQMRVDVVHVVRUHVOHPEUDUDPDR
&ULDGRU TXH HVWDYD VHQGR FULDGR XP SDtV H[WUHPDPHQWH SULYLOHJLDGR VHP YXOFmR VHP
WHUUHPRWR VHP YHQGDYDO VHP WHPSHVWDGH GH QHYH H FRP OLQGRV ULRV GHQVDV IORUHVWDV
SUDLDVHWHUUDV³RQGHHPVHSODQWDQGRWXGRGi´&RPRUHVSRVWDRVDQMRVRXYLUDPePDV
YRFrVYmRYHURJRYHUQRTXHHVWHSDtVWHUi
'LD GH PDLR GRPLQJR SDVVDGR DWHQGHQGR D XP FRQYLWH GH 0HVWUH (SKUDLQ
$VVRFLDomR&XOWXUDOGH&DSRHLUD*LQJD%UDVLOSDUWLFLSHLGHPDLVXPDWUDGLFLRQDOFHULP{QLD
GHEDWLVPRQD(VFRODGH6DPED75$',d2HP&DPSLQKR5,2
$QWHV GR EDWLVPR VRE FRPDQGR GD YHUViWLO FDSRHLULVWD %DEXtQD IRL UHDOL]DGD XPD
H[WUDRUGLQiULD GHPRQVWUDomRGUDPDWL]DGD FRPPHQLQRVGHUXDTXHGHYHULDWHUVLGRILOPDGD
SRU WRGDV DV 21*V HVSHFLDOL]DGDV QR DVVXQWR 'XUDQWH R EDWLVPR TXH FRQWRX FRP XP
UHVSHLWiYHOHVLQWRPiWLFRQ~PHURGHERQVPHVWUHVGHFDSRHLUDFRPJUDQGHVHQVRGHMXVWLoD
HGHRSRUWXQLGDGH0HVWUH(SKUDLQSUHVWRXXPDKRPHQDJHPDRJUDQGH0HVWUH$UWXU(PtGLR
GH 2OLYHLUD TXH GXUDQWH DOJXP WHPSR DFHLWRX H DVVXPLX R FRPDQGR GD 5RGD 2 EDWLVPR
WUDQVFRUUHXDGPLUDYHOPHQWHEHPRSUREOHPDFRPHoRXQDVQmRPHQRVWUDGLFLRQDLVUHXQL}HV
SDUDOHODVHLQIRUPDLVGRVPHVWUHVFRQWUDPHVWUHVHDJUHJDGRV5HXQL}HVLPSHUGtYHLVRQGH
VHWUDWDGHWXGRHQmRVHUHVROYHDEVROXWDPHQWHQDGD,QYDULDYHOPHQWHWRGRVVmRDIDYRU
GD81,2LQYDULDYHOPHQWHWRGRVDSUHVHQWDPXPDSURSRVWDSUySULDGRTXHVHMD81,2
6mR UHXQL}HV VXUSUHHQGHQWHV $ GH GRPLQJR YDULRX GH XPD IRUWH H SURIHVVRUDO
GLVFXVVmR VREUH WRTXHV GH EHULPEDX 0HVWUHV %RJDGR 6HQDGRU H 0LQWLULQKD DWp j
SUHRFXSDomR GH 0HVWUH 7RXUR ILQDOPHQWH UHDOtVWLFD FRP R SODQHMDPHQWR RUJDQL]DomR
GLUHomRHFRQWUROHGDVXDFDPSDQKDHOHLWRUDOSDVVDQGRSHODOLQGDFDSRHLULVWD0XFDPDFRP
RVHXJUDYDGRUHPSXQKRID]HQGRPLVWHULRVDVHDRPHVPRWHPSRLQJrQXDVHQWUHYLVWDV
$SyV TXDVH TXDWUR KRUDV GH 5RGD GH &DSRHLUD PXLWR DQLPDGD GH ERP QtYHO
HPERUDSUHYDOHFHQGRDWDOJLQJDPDUFDGDHXPFHUWRDEXVRGHGHPRQVWUDo}HVFLUFHQVHVH
PHLDG~]LDGHUHXQL}HVLQIRUPDLVGHVLVWLGHSDUWLFLSDUGDUHXQLmRIRUPDOPHQWHPDUFDGDSDUD
R ILQDO " GD 5RGD SDUD GLVFXWLU H GHWDOKDU D SURJUDPDomR DQXDO GD UHFpPODQoDGD
)HGHUDomRGH&DSRHLUD'HVSRUWLYDGR5LRGH-DQHLURHUHVROYLLUHPERUD
1mR VHP DQWHV DEUDoDU RV PHVWUHV PDLV FRQKHFLGRV H FRQILGHQFLDU DR PHX DPLJR
0HVWUH 0HQGRQoD 6RQKDGRU LQWHUSUHWD VRQKRV XPD DGDSWDomR FDSRHLUtVWLFD SDUD R
SULPHLURSDUiJUDIRGHVWDFU{QLFD
'XUDQWH D FULDomR GR PXQGR QRWDQGR R IDVFtQLR GD UHFpPFULDGD $UWH GD
&DSRHLUDJHP RV DQMRVDVVHVVRUHV WUDWDUDP GH DSRQWDU DR &ULDGRU D LQMXVWLoD TXH
DSDUHQWHPHQWH HVWDYD VHQGR IHLWD HP UHODomR jV RXWUDV OXWDV DRV RXWURV HVSRUWHV H jV
GHPDLV IRUPD GH DUWH FRPR UHVSRVWD WLYHUDP TXH RXYLU ³HVSHUHP SDUD YHU R HVStULWR GH
XQLmRGHDOJXQVGRVIXWXURVPHVWUHV´
5,2GHDEULOGH
35
7(55(,52'($1*2/$
+iPDLVGHWULQWDDQRVDWUiVDQDOLVDQGRRSURFHVVRGHLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRGDDUWH
GD FDSRHLUDJHP HVFUHYL XPD PRQRJUDILD ³2 (PEUDQTXHFLPHQWR GD &DSRHLUD´ RQGH
SURFXUHLFKDPDUDWHQomRSDUDRVLQHYLWiYHLVULVFRVGHDEXUJXHVDPHQWR$OHUWHLVREUHWXGR
SDUD R ULVFR GD HVWDQGDUGL]DomR (VWDQGDUGL]DomR GRV YDULDGRV H H[WUHPDPHQWH FULDWLYRV
³PpWRGRV´ GH HQVLQR GRV YHOKRV PHVWUHV HVWDQGDUGL]DomR GD JLQJD HVWDQGDUGL]DomR GRV
JROSHV $OHUWHL WDPEpP SDUD R ULVFR GH QD WHQWDWLYD LQJrQXD GH WRUQDU D FDSRHLUD PDLV
PDUFLDOWUDQVIRUPiOD³DSHQDV´QXPDOLQGDGDQoDJXHUUHLUD
3DUDWHUPLQDUPHXVHJXQGROLYURGHVWDYH]H[FOXVLYDPHQWHVREUHFDSRHLUDYROWHL
DSHUFRUUHUDOJXPDVURGDVGHFDSRHLUDDTXLQR5,2RQGHpSRVVtYHOHQFRQWUDUVHPVRPEUD
GHG~YLGDXPDUD]RiYHODPRVWUDGRTXHYDLSHOR%UDVLOHSHORPXQGR2UHVXOWDGRIRLPXLWR
SRVLWLYR FRP HPRomR HVWRX YHQGR D FODVVH PpGLD LQFOXVLYH XP Q~PHUR VLQWRPDWLFDPHQWH
FUHVFHQWHGHPRoDVSUDWLFDQGR&DSRHLUDDWpQDVSUDoDVS~EOLFDVGDFLGDGH 3RU RXWUR ODGR WHQKR FRQILUPDGR WDPEpP ERD SDUWH GRV PHXV SURJQyVWLFRV
HVWDQGDUGL]DomR GR PpWRGR GH HQVLQR HVWDQGDUGL]DomR GD JLQJD H[FHVVR GH DJDUUDomR
HOLPLQDomRGHXPERPQ~PHURGHJROSHVWRGRVDTXHOHVTXHLPSHoDPRMRJRHPSpRQGH
RV FDSRHLUDV VH OLPLWDP D WURFDU PHLDVOXDV GH IUHQWH TXHL[DGDV LQyFXDV H PHLDVOXDV
VROWDVDSDUWHUtWPLFDHPQRPHGHXPDGLVFXWtYHOHILFiFLDHVWiH[FHVVLYDPHQWHDFHOHUDGD
FRPRDWDEDTXHRXSDQGHLURVHQGRRUHLGDRUTXHVWUDQmRVHRXYHPDLVXPDODGDLQKD
DEULQGRDURGDRVFDQWRVQmRJXDUGDPUHODomRFRPRTXHHVWiDFRQWHFHQGRHPFDGD³YROWD
GR PXQGR´ ( R TXH WDOYH] VHMD R PDLV JUDYH DV ILVLRQRPLDV HVWmR FDUUHJDGDV QmR VmR
FDSRHLUDVVmRVDPXUDLVWXSLQLTXLQVQRUPDOPHQWH³YHQFHQGRDOXWD´SHODWUXFXOrQFLDDWUDYpV
GH XP JROSH URXEDGR GR MXG{ PDV VHP DFHLWDU MDPDLV SDUWLFLSDU GH XP 8OWLPDWH
)LJKWLQJ &RQYHUVDQGR FRP DOJXPDV OLGHUDQoDV IHOL]PHQWH WHQKR SHUFHELGR TXH WRGRV
QmR Vy HVWmR FRQVFLHQWHV H SUHRFXSDGRV FRP HVWH ULVFR HVWDQGDUGL]DomR H[FHVVLYD SHUGD
GH OXGLFLGDGH GHVFDUDFWHUL]DomR HWF FRPR HVWmR HQWHQGHQGR DLPSRUWkQFLD GH VH HVWXGDU
PHOKRUPDLVSURIXQGDPHQWHRVIXQGDPHQWRVGDFDSRHLUDJHP
2 TXH H[SOLFD D SURFXUD FDGD YH] PDLRU GRV WHUUHLURV GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD 1mR
DSHQDVQR5LRQD%DKLDHP0LQDV*HUDLVQR3DUDQiHP6mR3DXOR0HVWUH0RUDHVHVWi
HP 6DQWR $QGUp SDVVDQGR D VXD LQYHMiYHO H[SHULrQFLD FDGD YH] PDLV UHFRQKHFLGD
LQWHUQDFLRQDOPHQWH RX HP WRGR %UDVLO PDV QR PXQGR LQWHLUR 1D $PpULFD /DWLQD
HVSHFLDOPHQWHQD$UJHQWLQDYDPRVHQFRQWUDUR0HVWUH3HGULQKRGH&D[LDVERPDQJROHLUR
ID]HQGR XP MXVWR VXFHVVR QRV (VWDGRV 8QLGRV HVSHFLDOPHQWH HP :DVKLQJWRQ '& RQGH
HVWi VHQGR FULDGD D )XQGDomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD 0HVWUH 0RUDHV &REULQKD
0DQVD H RXWURV H HP 1RYD <RUN FRP R IDEXORVR WUDEDOKR GH 0HVWUH -RmR *UDQGH QD
(XURSDSDUWLFXODUPHQWHQD)UDQoDDWXDOPHQWHRPHOKRUMRUQDOHVSHFLDOL]DGRHPFDSRHLUD
³,Ç´HVWiVHQGRSXEOLFDGRHP3OHVVLV5RELQVRQSHORFDSRHLULVWD,UDPHSHODMRUQDOLVWD$QD
/~FLD &XVWyGLR H QD $OHPDQKD RQGH DWp DV XQLYHUVLGDGHV H FHQWURV FXOWXUDLV HVWmR
UHDOL]DQGRHVWXGRVVREUH&DSRHLUD$QJROD1HVWHDSDQKDGRHPERUDQmRSUHWHQGDHVJRWDUR
DVVXQWR VHULD LQMXVWR QmR UHJLVWUDU R LQWHUHVVH GH $QJROD SHOD $QJROD e LVWR PHVPR
FRQYHUVDQGRFRPR$GLGR&XOWXUDOGH$QJROD'RXWRU%HQWR6DOD]DU$QGUp0RUJDGRQRPHX
SULPHLUROLYURIDoRXPDKRPHQDJHPDRVSRYRVGHIDODSRUWXJXHVDWRPRFRQKHFLPHQWRTXH
D 0LQLVWUD GD &XOWXUD GDTXHOH SDtV 'UD $QD 0DULD GH 2OLYHLUD HVWi YLYDPHQWH LQWHUHVVDGD
QXPLQWHUFkPELRFXOWXUDOFRPR%UDVLORTXHVHJXUDPHQWHLQFOXLDQRVVD&DSRHLUD
)DFH D HVWD UHDOLGDGH PDLV DWHQWDPHQWH HVWRX WUDWDQGR GH SHUFRUUHU DTXL QR
5LRDOJXQVWHUUHLURVGH$QJROD&RPPXLWRSUD]HUSRUWDQWRDFHLWHLRFRQYLWHIRUPXODGRSHOR
,QVWUXWRU 5LFDUGR ³7HFR´ SDUD SDUWLFLSDU GD IHVWD GH DQLYHUViULR GR 0HVWUH &DPDOHmR
:HOOLQJWRQ 1DVFLPHQWR 5RVD *UXSR GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD%UDVLO QD )UHJXHVLD ,OKD GR
*RYHUQDGRU )HVWD D ULJRU LWLQHUDQWH TXH FRPHoRX QD $FDGHPLD GR :DOGR 6DQWDQD H[FHOHQWHSHVVRDQR&HQWURGR5LRHDFDERXQDFDOoDGDHPIUHQWHGREDU³3HVFDH*HOR´
SDVVDQGRSHODDFDGHPLDGR0HVWUH&DPDOHmRWDPEpPQD)UHJXHVLD
36
2 SDGUmR GH FDSRHLUD DSUHVHQWDGR IRL DEVROXWDPHQWH DQWROyJLFR +i WHPSRV QmR
YHMR XPD 5RGD GH &DSRHLUD WmR H[HPSODU WDQWR QD SDUWH UtWPLFD H FDQWDGD FRPR QDV
³YROWDV GR PXQGR´ ERQLWDV ODGDLQKDV FDQWR GH VRWDTXH FDQWRV GH H[DOWDomR FDQWRV GH
PDQGLQJD LPSURYLVRV GHVFUHYHQGR RX SUHVFUHYHQGR ODGDLQKD GH GHVSHGLGD WRTXHV
FRUUHWRV EHULPEDXV YLROD VROR H EHUUDERL EULOKDQWHPHQWH KDUPRQL]DGRV DWDEDTXH H
SDQGHLUR VHP TXHUHU SDVVDU SDUD SULPHLURSODQRYROWDVGRPXQGRH[WUHPDPHQWHFULDWLYDV
VDOSLFDGDVGHERPKXPRUHFRPGXUDomRVXILFLHQWHSDUDRMRJRUHQGHUSOHQDPHQWH1DGD
SRUWDQWR GH FDQWRV VHP Sp QHP FDEHoD QDGD GH EHULPEDX WRFDQGR D NP SRU KRUD H
XP DWDEDTXH SDQGHLUR FRP PDLV GH GHFLEpLV YLRODQGR D WUDGLomR GD FDSRHLUD H R
&yGLJRGH3RVWXUDGD&LGDGH1DGDGHXPMRJRGHFRPSUDRQGHFDGDFDSRHLUDILFDQDURGD
QRPi[LPRFLQFRVHJXQGRVPXLWDVYH]HVGLYLGLQGRRHVSDoRFRPPDLVGXDVRXWUrVGXSODV
GHGHVHVSHUDGRV9LWDPEpPFDSRHLUDIHFKDGDMRJRGHGHQWURMRJRGXURDGUHQDOLQDSXUD
PDVVHPFDUDFDUUDQFXGDFDUDGHQLQMDFDERFODGHDSUHQGL]GH&KXFN1RUULV-HDQ&ODXGH
9DQ'DPPH6WDORQHRX$UQROG6FKZDU]HQHJJHU+iPXLWRWHPSRQmRYHMRWDQWDYDULHGDGH
GH PRYLPHQWRV H JROSHV GHVIHULGRV FRP WDQWD QRomR GH WHPSR H HVSDoR EDQGD WUDoDGD
PHLDOXD VROWD PHLDOXD GH FRPSDVVR EDQGD GH IUHQWH FDEHFHLUD VXLFtGLR WRGR WLSR GH
SDQWDQD SRU PDLV LQFUtYHO TXH SRVVD SDUHFHU YL DWp DOJXQV JROSHV WtSLFRV GD FDSRHLUD
³XWLOLWiULD´GRVDXGRVR6LQKR]LQKRGH,SDQHPD1DGDGHJLQJDPDUFDGDRXGHMRJROLPLWDGR
D DUPDGDV GH IUHQWH TXHL[DGDV PHLDVOXDV H XP VHPQ~PHUR GH HVWUDQKRV URGRSLRV
FLUFHQVHVHSVHXGRPDUFLDLV
$ VXUSUHVD PDLRU QR HQWDQWR ILFRX SDUD R ILQDO TXDQGR WLYH RSRUWXQLGDGH GH
FRQYHUVDU FRP R MRYHP 0HVWUH &DPDOHmR H[tPLR FDSRHLULVWD SHUVRQDOLGDGH IRUWH H ERP
FDUiWHUHWUrVGHVHXVDOXQRV7HFR)OiYLDH5DSKDHO,QWHUQHW2XWUDOLomR/LomRGHDPRU
j&DSRHLUDHUHVSHLWRDWRGRVRVPHVWUHV³(VWLYHPRVQR0HVWUH%RQHFRQD$F[H6SRUWVLGH
&OXEQD%DUUDGD7LMXFDDUHFHSomRIRLPXLWRERDHJRVWDPRVGHMRJDUFRPRJUXSRGHOH
SURIXQGR FRQKHFLPHQWR GRV IXQGDPHQWRV H FRQVFLrQFLD GD LPSRUWkQFLD GH XPD JUDQGH
XQLmR D FRPHoDU SHORV ³WHUUHLURV´ JRVWHL GR QRPH GH $QJROD )RL TXDQGR WRPHL
FRQKHFLPHQWRGHXPQ~PHURGHJUXSRVPXLWRPDLRUGRTXHHXLPDJLQDYDH[LVWLUQR5LRGH
-DQHLUR 0HVWUH %UDJD QD 81( QR &DWHWH 0HVWUH $UHUr QR ,QVWLWXWR GH 3HVTXLVDV GDV
&XOWXUDV1HJUDV,3&1QD&UX]9HUPHOKD0HVWUH1HFRHP6DQWD7HUHVD3URIHVVRU8UXEX
7HUUHLUR ³4XHP YHP Oi´ QD 3UDoD 0HVWUH 3HGULQKR 7HUUHLUR 0DQGLQJD 'XTXH GH
&D[LDV 0HVWUH 0ROD RX 0XFD 7HUUHLUR 'DPEDOD 'XTXH GH &D[LDV 0HVWUH &DQHOD
0HPRULDO3DVWLQKDHWF
4XH VHX ERP H[HPSOR SUROLIHUH 0HVWUH &DPDOHmR 1mR DSHQDV GHQWUR GD
HWHUQDPHQWHUHVSHLWiYHO&DSRHLUD$QJRODPDVHPWHUPRVPDLVDEUDQJHQWHVGH%UDVLOHGH
PXQGR XQLQGR WRGDV DV OLGHUDQoDV QXPD JUDQGH H KLVWyULFD ³YROWD GR PXQGR´ RQGH R
SURFHVVR GH LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR WHPD GR PHX SUy[LPR OLYUR DR LQYpV GH YLROHQWDU
UHJXODPHQWRV H[FHVVLYRV EDEHO GH FRUGDV H FRUGpLV HWF YDL DR FRQWUiULR FRQVROLGDU RV
YHUGDGHLURVIXQGDPHQWRVGDQRVVDIDVFLQDQWH$UWHGD&DSRHLUDJHP
5,2GHMXOKRGHO
37
0(675($%(/0$*$/+(6
³5RXSD GH KRPHP QmR Gi HP PHQLQR´ UHSHWH VHPSUH R 6U $QW{QLR
&RQFHLomR0RUDHVRIDPRVR&DLoDUDPHVWUHGDFDSRHLUD$QJRODXPYHUGDGHLURSDWULP{QLR
FXOWXUDO GD %DKLD (VWH ViELR HQWHQGLPHQWR FDL FRPR XPD OXYD QR FDVR GH $EHO
0DJDOKmHVGD6LOYDTXHQRGLDGHDJRVWRFRPHPRURXQRYHQWDDQRVGHYLGD$PDLRULD
GRV TXDLV GHGLFDGRV FRP JUDQGH WDOHQWR H HILFiFLD j SUHVHUYDomR GD EUDVLOHLUD H
IDVFLQDQWH$UWHGD&DSRHLUDJHP
(P IXQomR GR PHX SUy[LPR OLYUR HP PXLWR ERD KRUD UHHQFRQWUHL $EHO
Mestre Abel Magalhães entre Rudolf Hermanny e André. Ipanema, 1999.
0DJDOKmHV HGHOHFRQVHJXLSUHFLRVRVVXEVtGLRV'DVXDLQLFLDomRFDSRHLUtVWLFDQR3DUiHP
OSDVVDQGRSRUVXDVLPSUHVVLRQDQWHVSHVTXLVDVIHLWDVHPGRFXPHQWRVHVFULWRVQRVpFXOR
;9, DWp D VXD SDUWLFLSDomR VHP G~YLGD GHFLVLYD QD HODERUDomR H VREUHWXGR QD
DSURYDomRGRSULPHLUR5HJXODPHQWR2ILFLDOGD&DSRHLUD
0XLWRHPERUDDWpKRMH$EHO0DJDOKmHVIDoDFRPRHXWDPEpPIDoRXPDORQJDVpULH
GH FUtWLFDV D WRGR HVWH SURFHVVR GH LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR GH XP IHQ{PHQR VRFLDO ULFR
HVSRQWkQHRH³OLYUHFRPRRYHQWR´
2SDUiJUDIRDFLPDPHUHFHVHUGHVGREUDGR
³&RPHFHLDJRVWDUHDSUHQGHUFDSRHLUDYHQGRRVFDERFORVFDQRHLURVGD,OKDGH0DUDMy
OXWDUHP D VXD ³0DUDMRDUD 6HP G~YLGD DOJXPD FRQWLQXD $EHO HUD D QRVVD FDSRHLUD VLP
³2V JROSHV FRQVLVWLDP HP ODQoDPHQWRV GRV SpV H GDV PmRV TXDVH DR PHVPR WHPSR
DSRLDGRQXPSpRFDERFORMRJDYDRRXWURQRDGYHUViULR$JLQJDQmRWmRH[SUHVVLYDFRPR
KRMH HP GLD ID]LD WDPEpP SDUWH GR MRJR (P VXPD LPSUHVVLRQDGR FRP D OXWD IXL SDUD
0DUDMyDSUHQGHUFRPRVQDWLYRVGDWHUUDRVVHJUHGRVGDOXWD0DUDMRDUD´$LQGDVREUHHVWD
pSRFD $EHO OHPEUD R SURIHVVRU &RQGH .RPD ³XP MDSRQrV TXH VH UDGLFRX QR 3DUi H TXH
WDPEpPLPSUHVVLRQDGRFRPDOXWD0DUDMRDUDVHPSUHIDODYDVREUHHODQR³GRMR´GR&OXEHGR
5HPRRQGHHQVLQDYDMLXMLWVX´
5HFXDQGR DLQGD PDLV QR WHPSR $EHO IDORX VREUH DV SHVTXLVDV IHLWDV
RULHQWDGRSRUXPSDGUHMHVXtWDHPGRFXPHQWRVDQWLJRV(QWUHYiULRVH[HPSORVGHVWDFRXR
OLYUR HVFULWR SHOR 3DGUH $QFKLHWD 2V 6HUP}HV HP RQGH ³jV SiJLQDV WDQWDV YDPRV
HQFRQWUDURVtQGLRVQDWLYRVID]HPXPDGDQoDFKDPDGDGH FDmSXHLUDFRPHoDQGRQDERFD
38
GD QRLWH FDUDTX\S\ LOXPLQDGD SRU IRJXHLUDV TXH VH HVWHQGLD SHOD PDGUXJDGD DGHQWUR
FRPRVRPGHLQVWUXPHQWRVIHLWRVGHWRUDVGHPDGHLUDHFRUGDVGHFLSyWLWLFD´
$QWHVTXHHXSHUJXQWDVVHDSHUJXQWDTXHWRGRVTXHHVWmROHQGRMiHVWmRVH
SHUJXQWDQGR$EHO0DJDOKmHVVHDGLDQWRX³1mRHVWRXHPPRPHQWRDOJXPQHJDQGRD
FRQWULEXLomRDIULFDQDPXLWRHVSHFLDOPHQWHGDVWULERVGDUHJLmRGH$QJROD3DUHFHPHyEYLR
TXH D FDSRHLUD TXH VHMRJDKRMHHPGLDWHPVXDVUDt]HVQDÈIULFD3RURXWURODGRQmRVH
SRGHIHFKDURVROKRVSDUDDSRVVLELOLGDGHGHPDLVGHXPDFHUWLGmRGHQDVFLPHQWR´
'R VpFXOR ;9, $EHO YROWD SDUD R ;; H SDVVD D ID]HU XP UHVXPR GR VHX
WUDEDOKR FRPR DVVHVVRU GH FDSRHLUD GD DQWLJD )HGHUDomR &DULRFD GH 3XJLOLVPR 'LItFLO
GHVWDFDUTXDODFRQWULEXLomRPDLVUHOHYDQWHPHVPRDVVLPHXRXVDULDGHVWDFDUDHODERUDomR
GH XP UHJXODPHQWR GHVSRUWLYR SDUD D FDSRHLUD (ODERUDomR PXLWD DGHTXDGDPHQWH IHLWD
HPIXQomRGHXPHYHQWRSUHOLPLQDU±6LPSyVLR2ILFLDOGH&DSRHLUD&DSRHLUDp(VSRUWHRX
'DQoD)ROFOyULFD´"TXHSURFXURXUHXQLUDVSHVVRDVPDLVUHSUHVHQWDWLYDVHFDSDFLWDGDVSDUD
GHEDWHU R DVVXQWR 0LQLVWUR /\UD )LOKR ³$ 6RFLRORJLD GD &DSRHLUD´ 3URIHVVRU (GLVRQ
&DUQHLUR³'LQkPLFDGR)ROFORUH´³&DSRHLUD$QJROD´HWF'UÆQJHOR'HFkQLRRFRQYLWHIRL
IHLWRDR0HVWUH%LPEDTXHLQGLFRX'HFkQLRSDUDUHSUHVHQWiOR'U/DPDUWLQH3HUHLUDGD
&RVWD ³&DSRHLUDJHP D $UWH GD GHIHVD 3HVVRDO %UDVLOHLUD´ UHSUHVHQWDQWHV GR HQWmR
&RQVHOKR1DFLRQDOGH'HVSRUWRVHRXWURVHVWXGLRVRVHDXWRULGDGHV
&RPRUHVXOWDGRGR6LPSyVLRIRLHODERUDGRXPUHJXODPHQWRTXHHPVHJXLGD
FXPSULQGRDVH[LJrQFLDVOHJDLVIRLHQYLDGRDRHQWmR&RQVHOKR1DFLRQDOGR'HVSRUWRDWUDYpV
GD&RQIHGHUDomR%UDVLOHLUDGH3XJLOLVPRDTXDOQDpSRFDDFDSRHLUDHVWDYDVXERUGLQDGD
3DVVDQGR SHOD &%3 VHJXQGR $EHO 0DJDOKmHV R UHJXODPHQWR IRL UHDYDOLDGR VRIUHQGR XPD
VpULH GH PRGLILFDo}HV H ILQDOPHQWH HQYLDGR DR &1' $V PRGLILFDo}HV LQWURGX]LGDV QD
&RQIHGHUDomR IRUDP EDVLFDPHQWH IHLWDV SHOR $VVHVVRU GH &DSRHLUD GD pSRFD 0HVWUH
'DPLRQRU 0HQGRQoD H SRU PDLV GRLV PHPEURV GD GLUHWRULD HVSHFLDOLVWDV HP %R[ ³'Dt
SRUTXH ILORVRID $EHO 0DJDOKmHV R UHJXODPHQWR WHU ILFDGR PXLWR VHPHOKDQWH D XP
UHJXODPHQWRGHER[H´
&UtWLFD TXH j pSRFD WDPEpP IL] H FRP D TXDO DWp R SUySULR 'DPLRQRU
0HQGRQoDKRMHHPGLDFRQFRUGD³)L]RTXHIRLSRVVtYHOID]HUQDpSRFD´
0DV D SDWHUQLGDGH SHOR PHQRV QHVWH FDVR p FRLVD VHFXQGiULD SRLV D OXWD
PDLRU YHLR GHSRLV 3RLV R &RQVHOKR 1DFLRQDO 'HVSRUWR VLPSOHVPHQWH QmR TXHULD DFHLWDU R
UHJXODPHQWR QmR TXHULD UHFRQKHFHU D &DSRHLUD FRPR XP GHVSRUWRGH FRPSHWLomR YHQGR
DJRUD R UHQDVFLPHQWR H R VXFHVVR LQWHUQDFLRQDO GD &DSRHLUD $QJROD FRPHoR D YHU XPD
FHUWDVDEHGRULDHSUHPRQLomRQDSRVLomRQHJDWLYDLQLFLDOGRVFRQVHOKHLURVGR&1'
)RLQHVWDIDVHTXHRSURIHVVRUGHHGXFDomRItVLFD$EHO0DJDOKmHVHPHVWUHGH
&DSRHLUD PHVWUH SRU UHFRQKHFLPHQWR JHUDO H PHVWUH GLSORPDGR HP O SHOD )HGHUDomR
&DULRFD GH 3XJLOLVPR WHYH D VXD DWXDomR PDLV EULOKDQWH H HIHWLYD 3RXFRV PXLWR SRXFRV
FRQKHFHPHVWDSDUWH&RQKHFHQGRDPDLRULDGRVFRQVHOKHLURVGR&1'HVSHFLDOPHQWHRTXH
HVWDYDFRPRUHODWRUGRSURFHVVRHPTXHVWmR$EHO0DJDOKmHVPRELOL]RXHFRRUGHQRXDOJXQV
ERQV FDSRHLULVWDV H DSUHVHQWRX SDUD HOHV FRQVHOKHLURV XPD H[LELomR HVSHFLDO SULPRURVD
6XFHVVRDEVROXWRRUHODWRUPXGRXRVHXYRWRWRGRVPXGDUDPR5HJXODPHQWRGD&DSRHLUD
IRLDSURYDGR
&RP R TXH R 6U $EHO DLQGD QmR ILFRX VDWLVIHLWR ([SHULHQWH VDELD PXLWR EHP
TXH QmR D EDVWD DSURYDU XPD OHLVHUiVHPSUHGHIXQGDPHQWDOLPSRUWkQFLDYLDELOL]DURVHX
ERP FXPSULPHQWR $VVLP FRQVLGHUDQGR FRPHoRX D WUDEDOKDU WDPEpP HP FXUVRV GH
DUELWUDJHP IRUPDQGR HVSHFLDOLVWDV TXH SXGHVVHP JDUDQWLU XP ERP QtYHO GH TXDOLGDGH QRV
WRUQHLRVTXHHPVHJXLGDSDVVDUDPDDFRQWHFHU
$HVWDDOWXUDGHYRGL]HUHPTXHSHVHWRGDVDVPLQKDVFUtWLFDVjWHQWDWLYDGH
FRORFDU XPD ³FDPLVD GH IRUoD´ QR HQFDQWR GD FDSRHLUD WDLV WRUQHLRV GHUDP XP LPSXOVR
PXLWRJUDQGHjVXDSUiWLFDHGLIXVmR
$ FRPSURYDomR GHVWH VXFHVVR SRGH VHU YLVWD QRV LQ~PHURV GLSORPDV H
FHUWLILFDGRVGHUHFRQKHFLPHQWRTXHR6U$EHO0DJDOKmHVWHPQDVSDUHGHVGHVHXHVFULWyULR
39
H VREUHWXGR SHOR SUHFLRVR DFHUYR GH GRFXPHQWRV TXH WHP QR VHX ED~ GH JXDUGDGRV
FDSRHUtVWLFRV %D~ TXH HVWi WUDQVIRUPDQGR HP OLYUR TXH FHUWDPHQWH VHUi XP
VXFHVVR H SDUD R TXDO SURFXUD XP HGLWRU 'D PHVPD IRUPD DSURYHLWDQGR R PRWH TXH
VHUiXPVXFHVVRDSXEOLFDomRGROLYURGRHVFULWRUSHVTXLVDGRU/XLV6HUJLR'LDV³4XHPWHP
PHGR GD &DSRHLUD"´ ³H D UHSXEOLFDomR GH OLYURV HPEOHPiWLFRV FRPR R PDUFDQWH OLYUR GR
3URIHVVRU,QH]LO3HQD0DULQKR³6XEVtGLRVSDUDR(VWXGRGD0HWRGRORJLDGR7UHLQDPHQWRGD
&DSRHLUDJHP´ R UHYHODGRU OLYUR GR DGYRJDGR (VGUDV 0DJDOKmHV GRV 6DQWRV 0HVWUH 'D
PLmR R OLYUR ³&DSRHLUD D DUWH EUDVLOHLUD´ VHP SUHVRSRSpLDV GRXWRUDLV GR 0HVWUH 3DXOR
*RPHV H PDLV DOJXQV RXWURV )UHQWH D WDLV FRPSHWLGRUHV FRPHoR D WHPHU SHOR VXFHVVR
HGLWRULDOGRPHXSUySULROLYUR
&RPDSDODYUDRVHGLWRUHV$ILQDOKiXPDGHPDQGDFUHVFHQWHLQFOXVLYHDQtYHO
LQWHUQDFLRQDOSDUDHVWHWLSRGHOLWHUDWXUD
5,2GHDJRVWRGHO
40
&21*5(6621$&,21$/'(&$32(,5$$1*2/$
$ &DSRHLUD $QJROD FUHVFH VLQWRPDWLFDPHQWH QR PXQGR LQWHLUR $OpP GH XP
Q~PHURVHPSUHFUHVFHQWHGHSUDWLFDQWHVYDLFUHVFHQGRWDPEpPDOLWHUDWXUDHVSHFLDOL]DGD
LQFOXLQGRVH Dt WHVHV H GLVVHUWDo}HV XQLYHUVLWiULDV$TXLQR%UDVLOQRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVHQD
(XURSD
&RQVFLHQWHHSUHRFXSDGRFRPRDPDGRULVPRJHUHQFLDOFU{QLFRTXHFDUDFWHUL]DD
JUDQGH PDLRULD GH HYHQWRV GHVVD QDWXUH]D R 6HQKRU &HQpVLR )HOLFLDQR 3HoDQKD PDLV
FRQKHFLGR FRPR 0HVWUH &REUD 0DQVD FKHJDQGR GH :DVKLQJWRQ '& RQGH UHDOL]D XP
H[WUDRUGLQiULR WUDEDOKR GH SURSDJDomR GD FDSRHLUD $QJROD HP UiSLGD SDVVDJHP SHOR5LR
WUDWRX GH GLVFXWLU R DVVXQWR FRP DOJXPDV OLGHUDQoDV ORFDLV 3DUWLFLSHL GH XP GHVVHV
HQFRQWURV H ILTXHL PXLWR EHP LPSUHVVLRQDGR $VVLP FRPR IRL XPD JUDWD VXUSUHVD R
r[LWRGR³ZRUNVKRS´SRUHOHUHDOL]DGRQR&HQWUR&XOWXUDO-RVp%RQLIiFLRQRKLVWyULFREDLUUR
FDULRFDGD*DPERD$LQGDPDLVGRTXHr[LWRVXUSUHHQGHXPHDHVWUDWpJLDGHSURPRomRGR
HYHQWR RX PHOKRU D GHOLEHUDGD GHVSUHRFXSDomR FRP D SURPRomR GR HYHQWR 6LWXDomR
DSDUHQWHPHQWH FRQWUDGLWyULD PDV TXH HQFHUUD WRGD D VDEHGRULD XWLOL]DGD SHORV QRVVRV
SULPHLURVFDSRHLULVWDVRQHJURGDVVHQ]DODVRQHJURGDVFDSRHLUDVPDWRUDVWHLURRQHJUR
GRV TXLORPERV ³SDUD UHVJXDUGDU DV UDt]HV Ki TXH VH HYLWDU QHVWD IURQGRVD H IDVFLQDQWH
iUYRUHRFUHVFLPHQWRGRVJDOKRVSRGUHVGRVJDOKRVFRPHUFLDLVGRVJDOKRVDEXUJXHVDGRV
GRVJDOKRVFRPJULIHGRVJDOKRVLQYHMRVRV´
1mR WHQKR G~YLGD TXH DV UHIOH[}HV H VREUHWXGR DV VXJHVW}HV REMHWLYDV IHLWDV
GXUDQWHWDLVUHXQL}HVHGXUDQWHR³ZRUNVKRS´GHYHUmRVXEVLGLDUHTXHPVDEH"GDUPDLRU
FRQVHTrQFLDSUiWLFDDR&RQJUHVVRGH6DOYDGRUGHVWLQRILQDOGH0HVWUH&REUD0DQVDQHVWD
VXD UiSLGD YLVLWD DR %UDVLO PXLWR HPERUD DILUPH TXH WRPRX FRQKHFLPHQWR GD UHXQLmR SRU
PHURDFDVR
$FUHGLWRDWpTXHXPUHVXPRGHYHULDVHUIHLWRHGLVWULEXtGRSUHOLPLQDUPHQWHD
WRGRVRVFRQJUHVVLVWDV6XJHULDLGpLDPDVR6HQKRU&HQpVLRDOHJDQGRFRPFHUWDUD]mR
IDOWD GH WHPSR KiELO PDQGLQJXHLUDPHQWH FRQWUDSURS{V TXH HX HVFUHYHVVH XP SHTXHQR
DUWLJRGHVWDFDQGRWySLFRVTXHVHJXUDPHQWHGHYHUmRDIORUDUGXUDQWHRFRQJUHVVRQD%DKLD
$SURYHLWDQGR D JHQHURVLGDGH GHVWH HVSDoR QR -RUQDO GRV 6SRUWV FRP EDVH HP PLQKDV
REVHUYDo}HVHVHPTXHUHUREYLDPHQWHHVJRWDUWmRULFRDVVXQWRpRTXHSDVVRDID]HU
3UHOLPLQDUHV 3DUD LQLFLDU VHUi GH IXQGDPHQWDO LPSRUWkQFLD TXH DV OLGHUDQoDV GD
&DSRHLUD $QJROD 0HVWUHV -RmR *UDQGH -RmR 3HTXHQR 3HGUR 0RUDHV 1{ &XULy /XD GH
%REy &REUD 0DQVD 0DOD H WDQWRV RXWURV FRQKHoDP D IXQGR D ILORVRILD RV REMHWLYRV H
VREUHWXGRRVUHVXOWDGRVSUiWLFRVTXHD&%&YHPDSUHVHQWDQGRGHVGHDVXDIXQGDomR&ODUR
TXH D SUySULD &RQIHGHUDomR D HVWD DOWXUD Mi GHYHUi WHU SUHSDUDGR SDUD GLVWULEXLomR QR
&RQJUHVVRXPH[DXVWLYRHSHUVXDVLYRUHODWyULRVREUHVXDVUHDOL]Do}HV$ULJRUHVWHPDWHULDO
MiGHYHULDHVWDUQDVPmRVGRVFRQJUHVVLVWDVGLVTXHWHSDUHFHIRLHQYLDGRSDUDDOJXQV'H
TXDOTXHU PRGR R UHVXPR FHUWDPHQWH GHYHUi PHQFLRQDU R QRPH HQGHUHoR WHOHIRQH H
FXUULFXOR YLWDH GH WRGD GLUHWRULD H FRQVHOKRV GD &RQIHGHUDomR EHP FRPR D UHODo}HV
GLUHWRUHV H FRQVHOKHLURV H HQGHUHoR GH WRGDV DV IHGHUDo}HVHVWDGXDLVDHODILOLDGDV3RLV
WRPR FRQKHFLPHQWR TXH Ki DOJXPD SROrPLFD VREUH D OHJLWLPLGDGH H VREUHWXGR VREUH D
HILFiFLDGHDOJXPDVGHVVDVIHGHUDo}HV
5HJXODPHQWR2ILFLDOGD&DSRHLUD"1mRVHQGRSRVVtYHOGLVWULEXLUXPUHJXODPHQWR
SDUD FDGD FRQJUHVVLVWD VHU LPSHULRVR FRORFDU XPDV FySLDV j GLVSRVLomR GRV PDLV
LQWHUHVVDGRV
3URSRVWD LQLFLDO $ LQLFLDWLYD GR HYHQWR GD UHXQLmR GR FRQJUHVVR VDOYR HQJDQR QmR
SDUWLXGDVOLGHUDQoDVGH$QJRODVHQGRDVVLPFDEHUiDRVSURPRWRUHVMXVWLILFDUDUHDOL]DomR
41
GRHYHQWRDSUHVHQWDQGRXPDSURSRVWDLQLFLDOSDUDGLVFXVVmR2XVHMDRTXHD&%&SHQVD
GD &DSRHLUD $QJROD H R TXH SHQVD ID]HU SRU HOD H FRP HOD" ( QD KLSyWHVH GH XP QmR
FDVDPHQWR HQWUH &DSRHLUD $QJROD H &%& D &RQIHGHUDomR SDVVDUi D WRPDU PHGLGDV
FRHUFLWLYDV"
5HFXUVRV )LQDQFHLURV TXDLV VmR RV UHFXUVRV GD FRQIHGHUDomR FRPR HVWmR VHQGR
JDVWRV FRPR VHUmR JDVWRV DWp R ILQDO GR DQR H DWH R ILQDO GD DWXDO JHVWmR 7UDQVSDUrQFLD
DGPLQLVWUDWLYDpHVHUiVHPSUHIXQGDPHQWDO
&RQVLGHUDQGR D FUHVFHQWH SURILVVLRQDOL]DomR GR HVSRUWH DPDGRU R TXH D &%& HVWi
ID]HQGRQHVWHVHQWLGR"
(VWDWXWR (OHLomR WDPEpP R HVWDWXWR GD &%& GHYHUi HVWDU j GLVSRVLomR GRV
FRQJUHVVLVWDV GD PHVPD PDQHLUD TXH XPD SHTXHQD SDOHVWUD GHYHUi VHU IHLWD SDUD
HVFODUHFHUVREUHDSUy[LPDHOHLomRSURYiYHLVFRQFRUUHQWHVHHYHQWXDLVPXGDQoDVQDSROtWLFD
GHDomR
/XWD SHOR 3RGHU GLVSXWD GH PHUFDGR GH PDQHLUD DGXOWD R DVVXQWR GHYHUD VHU
DERUGDGRSDUDHYLWDUDVSHUYHUV}HVTXHURQGDPERDSDUWHGRHVSRUWHFRQIHGHUDGRSRGHU
SHOR SRGHU SRGHU SRU YDLGDGH SRGHU SDUD YLDMDU SRGHU FRPR HVFDGD SROtWLFD SRGHU SDUD
OLFLWDUHWF
&RRSWDomR $WH RQGH R ³SRYR GH $QJROD´ HVWDUi VHQGR QRYDPHQWH FRQGX]LGR SDUD R
QDYLRQHJUHLUR"
$ SUySULD &DSRHLUD 5HJLRQDO IRL YtWLPD GR ³VLVWHPD´ DEXUJXHVDPHQWR
VLVWHPDWL]DomR H[FHVVLYD SDGURQL]DomR H[FHVVLYD WUDQVIRUPDQGR HP GLOHPD R
TXHpDHVVrQFLDGDFDSRHLUD
6ROXo}HV DOWHUQDWLYDV VROXomR EUDVLOHLUD SRU TXH LQVLVWLU HP FRORFDU D FDSRHLUD
QXPDFDPLVDGHIRUoD"
3RU TXH QmR SURFXUDU XPD VROXomR DOWHUQDWLYD EUDVLOHLUD TXH FRQWHPSOH WRGD D LQILQLWD
FULDWLYLGDGHGDFDSRHLUDHVSHFLDOPHQWHGDFDSRHLUDDQJROD"
3RUH[HPSORFRPRHVWiHFRPRHVWDUiHPIXQomRGRHYHQWRD$VVRFLDomR%UDVLOHLUD
GH&DSRHLUD$QJROD"
( TXDQWR j )XQGDomR ,QWHUQDFLRQDO GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD FRP VHGH HP
:DVKLQJWRQ'&"
8QLmR *HUDO VHP G~YLGD VHUi XPD yWLPD RSRUWXQLGDGH SDUD TXH DV OLGHUDQoDV GD
&DSRHLUD $QJROD GrHP XP EHOR H[HPSOR GH IUDWHUQLGDGH GH FDSDFLGDGH GH XQLmR SDUD
WDQWR VHUi DFRQVHOKiYHO TXH R FRQJUHVVR UHVHUYH XP WHPSR H XP HVSDoR SDUD UHXQL}HV
IHFKDGDVVySDUDDQJROHLURV7DLVUHXQL}HVVHUmRWmRLPSRUWDQWHVTXDQWRDVUHXQL}HVJHUDLV
RQGHFRPDOJXPDVRUWHSUHYDOHFHUiRFOLPDGHIUDWHUQLGDGHHFRPXQKmR
9LVmRHFXPrQLFDGD&DSRHLUD$&DSRHLUD$QJRODQmRSRGHQHPGHYHDEULUPmRGH
VXDVUDt]HVQmRSRGHQHPGHYHQHJRFLDURTXDVHPLODJUHGRVHXUHVVXUJLPHQWRHVXFHVVR
QR PXQGR WRGR PDV SRGH H GHYH SURFXUDU WURFDU LGpLDV FRP WRGRV DTXHOHV TXH
UHDOPHQWHFRQKHFHPRDVVXQWRHVDEHPFRQYHUVDUUHVSHLWRVDPHQWHVREUHHOH
&DSRHLUD 2OtPSLFD $QR HVWi QD KRUD GD &DSRHLUD HVSHFLDOPHQWH D
&DSRHLUD$QJRODDSRLDUDSURSULDGDPHQWHDOXWDSDUDVHGLDUD2OLPStDGDGHQR%UDVLO
2&RQJUHVVRSRGHUiGHYHUiWRPDUXPDSRVLomRLQWHOLJHQWHFULDWLYDHVREUHWXGRHILFD]
+RPHQDJHQV HVSHFLDLV FODUR SHOR PHQRV HP WHVH Ki TXH VH UHFRQKHFHU D
LPSRUWkQFLDGRHQFRQWURHSRUYLDGHFRQVHTrQFLDRPpULWRGDLQLFLDWLYD&%&H3UHIHLWXUD
0XQLFLSDO GH 6DOYDGRU HQWUHWDQWR R HYHQWR HQVHMDUi XPD H[FHOHQWH RSRUWXQLGDGH SDUD
KRPHQDJHDURVJUDQGHVPHVWUHVGD&DSRHLUD$QJRODLQFOXLQGRVHDtRSUySULR0HVWUH%LPED
FHUWR"HSRUPRWLYRVHVSHFLDLVR6U$QWRQLR&RQFHLomR0RUDHV
5,2GHVHWHPEURGHO
2EVHUYDomR (VWH DUWLJR YDOHXPH XP YLROHQWR SURWHVWR ID[ VHP WLPEUH H VHP
DVVLQDWXUD GR ³'LUHWRU GR 'HSDUWDPHQWR 1DFLRQDO GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD "´ GH
XPD RUJDQL]DomR GH FDSRHLUD TXH WHP D SUHWHQVmR GH XP EHOR GLD SDVVDU D
42
FRQWURODU WRGRV DEVROXWDPHQWH WRGRV RV WLSRV GH FDSRHLUDJHP LQFOXVLYH R
³IROFOyULFR´2EUDYRGLUHWRUFRQWHVWRXR6HQKRU&HQpVLRSDUDTXHPVHJXQGRHOH
PDQGDUDXPFRQYLWHIRUPDOSDUDSDUWLFLSDUGRHYHQWRPXLWRHPERUDHQWHQGHVVH
TXH R 6HQKRU &HQpVLR QmR UHSUHVHQWDVVH RV YHUGDGHLURV LQWHUHVVHV GD &DSRHLUD
$QJROD6yXPDDFDUHDomREHPKXPRUDGDSRGHUiHVFODUHFHURWDOSUREOHPDGH
FRPXQLFDomRDJRUDTXDQWRDRr[LWRGHVWH³GHSDUWDPHQWRQDFLRQDO´HGDSUySULD
RUJDQL]DomRQDFLRQDOEDVWDUiDYDOLDURVUHVXOWDGRVSUiWLFRVDWXDLVHGHXPIXWXUR
SUy[LPR 3DUWLFXODUPHQWH Ki GpFDGDV YHQKR GHIHQGHQGR XPD VROXomR
WRWDOPHQWH DWtSLFD 3ODQR 1DFLRQDO SDUD R 'HVHQYROYLPHQWR 3OHQR GD$UWH$IUR%UDVLOHLUD
GD&DSRHLUDJHPXPSODQRPXOWLGLVFLSOLQDUHLQWHUGHSDUWDPHQWDO
43
0,1,67523(/e285235(72(231&
7HPSRV DWUiV GHVDVVRPEUDGDPHQWH R QRVVR 0LQLVWUR ([WUDRUGLQiULR GH
(VSRUWHVGHXXPDFRQWXQGHQWHHQWUHYLVWDVREUHRQHJURQDVRFLHGDGHHVREUHWXGRQDYLGD
S~EOLFD&RPPXLWDSURSULHGDGHOHPEURXTXHDSUHVHQoDTXDQWLWDWLYDPHQWHLQVLJQLILFDQWH
GRQHJURQDYLGDS~EOLFDDSUHVHQWDYDSHORPHQRVXPERPDVSHFWRWRWDOGLVWDQFLDPHQWR
GDV SDWRORJLDV DGPLQLVWUDWLYDV FRUUXSomR PDOYHUVDomR GR GLQKHLUR S~EOLFR WUiIHJR GH
LQIOXrQFLDHWFTXHURQGDPGLXWXUQDPHQWHWRGRVRVJRYHUQRVGRPXQGR
0HVPRDVVLPHPDLVXPDYH]FRPWRGDUD]mR3HOpDGYRJDYDXPDPDLRU
SUHVHQoDGRQHJURQDYLGDS~EOLFDEUDVLOHLUDPHVPRVDEHQGRTXHTXDQWRPDLRUDSUHVHQoD
PDLRURGHVDILRPDLRURULVFRGHFRQWDPLQDomR
2 TXH FHUWDPHQWH QRVVR PLQLVWUR QmR HVSHUDYD DWp SHOR SUHVWtJLR H R
UHVSHLWR TXH WRGR PXQGR WHP DR VHX QRPH HUD VROLFLWDU XPD DXGLWRULD SDUD DSXUDU
SRVVtYHLV LUUHJXODULGDGHV GHQWUR GR VHX SUySULR PLQLVWpULR 3RLV HVWH p XP GRV SULQFLSDLV
DVVXQWRV GD PtGLD QHVWD VHPDQD GD FROXQD GH $QFHOPR *yLV 9HMD DRV
FRPHQWiULRVGH%RULV&DVR\796%7
(P SULQFtSLR WRGD D SUHRFXSDomR GR 6HQKRU 0LQLVWUR SDUHFH JLUDU HP WRUQR
GH FRQYrQLRV ILUPDGRV SHOR ,QVWLWXWR GH 'HVHQYROYLPHQWR GR (VSRUWH ,1'(63 yUJmR
VXERUGLQDGR DR 0LQLVWpULR ([WUDRUGLQiULR GH (VSRUWHV VHP OLFLWDomR FRP XPD GHWHUPLQDGD
HPSUHVD2XUR3UHWRVHJXQGRRMRUQDOLVWD&DVR\
26HQKRU0LQLVWURFHUWDPHQWHMiIRLDOHUWDGRVREUHDSRVVLELOLGDGHOHJDOGH
WDOFRQGXWDDGPLQLVWUDWLYD2XVHMDHPDOJXQVFDVRVDOLFLWDomRSRGHVHULJQRUDGD(RFDVR
HPWHODSRGHPXLWREHPVHUXPERPH[HPSORGHVWDH[FHSFLRQDOLGDGH
0DVSRGHWDPEpPQmRVHUGDtDLQLFLDWLYDGHXPDDXGLWRULDQR,1'(63
2 TXH QRV OHYD DR 3URJUDPD 1DFLRQDO GH &DSRHLUD 31& XPD RUJDQL]DomR
QmRJRYHUQDPHQWDO TXH YLQKD UHFHEHQGR DWUDYpV GR ,1'(63 DWp Ki EHP SRXFR WHPSR
UHFXUVRV S~EOLFRV GLQKHLUR VRIULGR GR FLGDGmRFRQWULEXLQWH &RPR HVWRX HVFUHYHQGR XP
OLYUR VREUH R SURFHVVR GH LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR GD DUWH DIUREUDVLOHLUD GD FDSRHLUDJHP YHQKR
WHQWDQGR Ki DQRV REWHUPDLRUHVLQIRUPDo}HVVREUHHVWD21*(VFUHYLSDUDRJDELQHWHGR
0LQLVWURGH(VSRUWHVSDUDDGLUHomRGR,1'(63HDWpSDUDRSUySULR3URJUDPD1DFLRQDOGH
&DSRHLUD $ WRGRV SHGLQGR DWp DJRUD VHP QHQKXP r[LWRLQIRUPDo}HVTXHGHYHULDPHVWDU
GLVSRQtYHLV SDUD WRGR H TXDOTXHU FLGDGmRFRQWULEXLQWH PRQWDQWH GR GLQKHLUR S~EOLFR
UHSDVVDGRDYDOLDomRGHUHVXOWDGRVDOFDQoDGRVFXVWREHQHItFLRVyFLRFXOWXUDOHHVSRUWLYR
0HVPR VDEHQGR TXH VHP WDLV LQIRUPDo}HV PHX OLYUR VDLULD LQFRPSOHWR Mi
HVWDYDGHVLVWLQGRGHREWrODVTXDQGRVRXVXUSUHHQGLGRSRUXPID[HHQYLDGRSRUXPDGDV
RUJDQL]Do}HV QDFLRQDLV GH FDSRHLUD PDLV DWXDQWHV SHOR PHQRV HP WHUPRV GH SDSHOyULR ³2ItFLR´DOHUWDQGRVREUHDOJXQV³GHVPDQGRVFRPRGLQKHLURS~EOLFR´
1mRVHLVHDDXGLWRULDTXHHVWiVHQGRDEHUWDQR,1'(63LQLFLDWLYDDOWDPHQWH
ORXYiYHO GR 6HQKRU 0LQLVWUR GH (VSRUWHV p JHUDO RX HVSHFtILFD SDUD XP GHWHUPLQDGR FDVR
1D VHJXQGD KLSyWHVH DFKR UHFRPHQGiYHO TXH RV UHFXUVRV UHSDVVDGRV SDUD D RUJDQL]DomR
QmRJRYHUQDPHQWDO PHQFLRQDGD WDPEpP VHMDP DXGLWDGRV 1mR DSHQDV HP WHUPRV
FRQWiEHLV RX DGPLQLVWUDWLYLVWDV 'LUHLWR $GPLQLVWUDWLYR PDV VREUHWXGR HP WHUPRV
JHUHQFLDLV VHUYLoRV SUHVWDGRV j FXOWXUD EUDVLOHLUD 2X VHMD XP FRQWUROH GH TXDOLGDGH WRWDO
FRPRGHIHQGHR6HQKRU0LQLVWURGH$GPLQLVWUDomR%UHVVHU3HUHLUD
1mR WHQKR G~YLGD TXH HVWD DXGLWRULD GH LQWHUHVVH VREUHWXGR GR SUySULR
3URJUDPD 1DFLRQDO GH &DSRHLUD GDUi H[WUDRUGLQiULRV VXEVtGLRV SDUD UHRULHQWDU RV JDVWRV
TXH HVWmR VHQGR IHLWRV QHVWD WmR LPSRUWDQWH TXDQWR IDVFLQDQWH iUHD GD FXOWXUD SRSXODU
EUDVLOHLUD D DUWH PDUFLDO" GD FDSRHLUDJHP 3URSRUFLRQDQGR LQFOXVLYH XP UHODFLRQDPHQWR
PDLV KDUP{QLFR HQWUH R ,1'(63 H D )81$57( yUJmR UHVSRQViYHO SHOR PHOKRU WUDEDOKR
IHLWRQRV~OWLPRVDQRVHPSUROGDFDSRHLUD
5,2GHGH]HPEURGHO
44
$1*2/$1$81,9(56,'$'(
'HVWD YH] VXUSUHHQGHQWHPHQWH D LQLFLDWLYD FRXEH D XPD XQLYHUVLGDGH EUDVLOHLUD
$R FRQWUiULR SRUWDQWR GR TXH DFRQWHFHX FRP R SULPHLUR WtWXOR GH GRFWRU RI KXPDQH
OHWWHUVFRQFHGLGRDXPPHVWUHQDDUWHEUDVLOHLUDGDFDSRHLUDJHP0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGHWHYH
TXHLUSDUDRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVRQGHIRLUHFHELGRGHEUDoRVDEHUWRVHFRPXP JUHHQFDUG
SDUDWHURVHXWUDEDOKRUHFRQKHFLGRDWpHPQtYHOXQLYHUVLWiULR
9HUGDGHpTXHYiULRVHQFRQWURVMiHVWmRVHQGRUHDOL]DGRVHPFLUFXLWRVXQLYHUVLWiULRV
QRV (VWDGRV 8QLGRV H QD (XURSD PDV XP FXUVR HVSHFtILFR GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD HVWH
SLRQHLULVPR FDEH j 8QLYHUVLGDGH (VWiFLR GH 6i GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR 3LRQHLULVPR TXH WHYH
LQtFLRQRDQRSDVVDGRHHPIDFHGRr[LWRRFXUVRSDVVRXDID]HUSDUWHGRVFXUVRVTXH
D81(6$RIHUHFHJUDWXLWDPHQWHGXUDQWHDVIpULDVHVFRODUHVUHJXODPHQWDUHV&ODURWUDWDVH
GH XP FXUVR GH IpULDV VHP SUHWHQVmR GH HVJRWDU R DVVXQWR DOLiV LQHVJRWiYHO GDt D
SUHRFXSDomR GH SDVVDU SDUD RV DOXQRV ³DSHQDV´ XPD QRomR EiVLFD GRV LQILQLWRV H
IDVFLQDQWHV VHJUHGRV GD &DSRHLUD $QJROD 0DV WHPRV Dt XP ERP FRPHoR H XP ERP
H[HPSORSDUDDVGHPDLVXQLYHUVLGDGHVEUDVLOHLUDV
3RURSRUWXQRVXJLURTXHDSUySULD(VWiFLRLQFOXDSHORPHQRVSDUWHGHVWHFXUVRQR
GRFXPHQWiULRYtGHRTXHHVWiID]HQGRVREUHRDVVXQWR7HQKRDFRPSDQKDGRRWUDEDOKRGD
HTXLSHMRYHPHWDOHQWRVDGHVWDFDGDSDUDHVWHWUDEDOKRHVHLTXHDSUHVHQWHVXJHVWmRFDLUi
HPVRORIpUWLO
4XHPVDEHRGRFXPHQWiULRDLQGDDSURFXUDGHXPURWHLURDVXDDOWXUDQmRWRPHR
FXUVRFRPRHVSLQKDGRUVDOGHVXDPHQVDJHPVREUHFXOWXUDSRSXODUEUDVLOHLUD"
$ILQDOXPGRFXPHQWiULRIHLWRSRUXPDXQLYHUVLGDGHDOpPGHHQWUHWHQLPHQWRGHYH
WDPEpP SURYRFDU UHIOH[}HV VyFLRFXOWXUDLV 'Dt DV OLQKDV JHUDLV TXH VXJHUL QR LQtFLR GDV
ILOPDJHQV
ÇQIDVHQRIHQ{PHQRGDLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRGDFDSRHLUD
$VSHFWRVFRPHUFLDLVOXWDSHOR³PHUFDGRFRQVXPLGRU´FRPHUFLDOL]DomRGRV³EDWL]DGRV´H
GRVFRUGpLVLQIODomRGHPHVWUHVHWF
5LVFRVGHGHVFDUDFWHUL]DomRGHVXDWUDGLomR
,PSRUWkQFLDIXQGDPHQWDOGDSDUWHUtWPLFDHFDQWDGDGDFDSRHLUD
&DSRHLUD2OtPSLFDQR5,2
3HUILOGHDOJXQVJUDQGHVPHVWUHV
$³YROWDGRPXQGRGDFDSRHLUD´FUHVFHQWHVXFHVVRLQWHUQDFLRQDOH
([HPSORGHXPD5RGDGH&DSRHLUDFRPSOHWDVyFRPPHVWUHV
$ ULJRU HVWH WHPD FXOWXUD SRSXODU EUDVLOHLUD FDSRHLUD HVWi PHUHFHQGR XP
SURMHWR XQLYHUVLWiULRGHGLPHQV}HVPDLVDEUDQJHQWHV3RUH[HPSORXPJUDQGHWUDEDOKRGH
SHVTXLVD FREULQGR SUDWLFDPHQWH WRGDV DV iUHDV XQLYHUVLWiULDV KLVWyULD ILORVRILD GLUHLWR
DGPLQLVWUDomRP~VLFDHGXFDomRItVLFDVRFLRORJLDFRPXQLFDomRPHGLFLQD
2SURGXWRILQDOSRUTXHQmR"EHPTXHSRGHULDVHUXP&'520
&RPDSDODYUDDVXQLYHUVLGDGHVEUDVLOHLUDVPXLWRHVSHFLDOPHQWHHSRUPRWLYRV
yEYLRV DV GR 5LR H DV GD %DKLD $QWHV TXH DV XQLYHUVLGDGHV ³Oi GH IRUD´ ODQFHP PmR GD
LGpLD
5,2GHGH]HPEURGHO
45
260$5$-È6'$&$32(,5$
'LVFXWHVHPXLWRHFRPWRGDUD]mRRSHUILOLGHDOSDUDXP(VWDGR0RGHUQR
$ILQDO HP SOHQD 7HUFHLUD 2QGD $OYLQ H +HLGH 7RIIOHU QmR Ki RXWUD DOWHUQDWLYD
VHQmR D GH UHDYDOLDU DV IXQo}HV GR (VWDGR H SRU YLD GH FRQVHTrQFLD UHHVWUXWXUDU RV
SRGHUHV PXLWR HVSHFLDOPHQWH R SRGHU H[HFXWLYR 8PD QRYD HVWUXWXUD ³JHUHQFLDO´ GHYHUi
VXUJLUPDLVHILFD]PHQRVSDWHUQDOLVWDHPHQRVGLVSHQGLRVD8PDKLHUDUTXLDPDLVULJRURVD
GHJDVWRVGHYHUiVHUGHILQLGD1mRIDUiVHQWLGRSRUH[HPSORGHVSHQGHUGLQKHLURS~EOLFR
FRPSURJUDPDVGHGHVSRUWRGHDOWRQtYHOHQTXDQWRDVHVFROLQKDVS~EOLFDVGHDOIDEHWL]DomR
RX RV KRVSLWDLV S~EOLFRV HVWmR FDLQGR DRV SHGDoRV $ PHQRV TXH VH TXHLUD FRQWHPSODU
LQWHUHVVHVFRUSRUDWLYRVOLJDGRVDRHQVLQRRXjVD~GH
3RU RXWURODGRQLQJXpPMDPDLVSRGHUiQHJDUDLPSRUWkQFLDGHSURJUDPDVVyFLR
HVSRUWLYRVRQGHR(VSRUWHQmRDSDUHFHFRPRXPILPHPVLPHVPRPDVFRPRSRGHURVR
LQVWUXPHQWRDX[LOLDUGRVSURJUDPDVGHHGXFDomRGHVD~GHGHSURPRomRVRFLDOGRFLGDGmR
EUDVLOHLUR
eDtTXHVHHQFDL[DDIDVFLQDQWH$UWH%UDVLOHLUDGD&DSRHLUDJHP
7mRIDVFLQDQWHHPXOWLIDFHWDGDTXHSRGHSDUWLFLSDUGHYiULRVRUoDPHQWRVS~EOLFRV
QmR DSHQDV QD iUHD GR (VSRUWH PDV WDPEpP QDV iUHDV GD (GXFDomR GD 6D~GH H
VREUHWXGRGD&XOWXUD
1mR p VHP UD]mR SRUWDQWR TXH R PHOKRU WUDEDOKR S~EOLFR UHDOL]DGR HP SURO GD
&DSRHLUD QRV ~OWLPRV DQRV QmR IRL IHLWR SHOD iUHD GR HVSRUWH PDV SHOD iUHD GD &XOWXUD
(VWDPRVQRV UHIHULQGR PDLV SUHFLVDPHQWH DR SURMHWR ³%LEOLRJUDILD )ROFOyULFD &DSRHLUD
)RQWHV0XOWLPtGLD´GHVHQYROYLGRSHOR0LQLVWpULRGD&XOWXUDDWUDYpVGD)81$57($SURYHLWR
SDUD DJUDGHFHU D FySLD UHFHELGD %LEOLRWHFiULD 0DULVD &RLQDJR &RHOKR GD %LEOLRWHFD
$PDGHX$PDUDOH$QWURSyORJR5DXO/RG\8QLGDGHGH3HVTXLVDDSURYHLWRWDPEpPSDUD
HQIDWL]DUPLQKDVXJHVWmRQRVHQWLGRGHGDUXPDRUGHPFURQROyJLFDDRPHQFLRQDGRWUDEDOKR
1mRpGHKRMHDOLiVTXHDiUHDGD&8/785$YHPDSUHVHQWDQGRPDLRUVHQVLELOLGDGH
SDUD R DVVXQWR 3DUD SURYDU WDO DILUPDWLYD EDVWDUi FRQVXOWDU R H[WUDRUGLQiULR WUDEDOKR
UHDOL]DGRSHODHQWmR&DPSDQKD1DFLRQDOGR)ROFORUHHVSHFLDOPHQWHTXDQGRVRERFRPDQGR
GRVDXGRVR3URIHVVRU(GLVRQ&DUQHLUR
0DVQmRVHGLJDTXHRJRYHUQRIHGHUDOQmRWHPQDiUHDHVSRUWLYDSUHRFXSDGRVH
WDPEpP FRP D &DSRHLUD 'R OLYUR GR 3URIHVVRU ,QH]LO 3HQQD 0DULQKR 6XEVtGLRV SDUD R
(VWXGR D 0HWRGRORJLD GR 7UHLQDPHQWR GD &DSRHLUDJHP jV UHFHQWHV YHUEDV
UHSDVVDGDVFRPJUDQGHLQJHQXLGDGHPDVFRPERDLQWHQomRSDUDXP³3URJUDPD1DFLRQDO
GH &DSRHLUD´ QD UHDOLGDGH XPD RUJDQL]DomR QmRJRYHUQDPHQWDO SHOR PHQRV SDUD PLP
PXLWRPLVWHULRVD
+iDQRVYHQKRWHQWDQGRDOHUWDUSDUDRVULVFRVGHVWHPLVWpULRIDOWDGHWUDQVSDUrQFLD
SRVVtYHO³DomRHQWUHDPLJRV´³GHVVHUYLoR´jYHUGDGHLUDDUWHSRSXODUGDFDSRHLUDGHVSUH]R
SHORWUDEDOKRGDVYHUGDGHLUDVOLGHUDQoDVFDSRHLUtVWLFDVDWXDLVSUHVWDomRGHFRQWDVREVFXUDV
UHVXOWDGRVSUiWLFRVGXYLGRVRV
&XULRVDPHQWHPLQKDSUHRFXSDomRFRPHoRXTXDQGRWLYHXPOLYURQDUHDOLGDGHXPD
DSRVWLOD FKHLD GH HUURV SXEOLFDGR SRU HVWH 3URJUDPD 3HOR PHQRV XPD SHVVRD FR
UHVSRQViYHO SHOD SXEOLFDomR DFXPXODYD YiULDV SRVLo}HV SURIHVVRU GH HGXFDomR ItVLFD QD
DGPLQLVWUDomR S~EOLFD FRQVHOKHLUR GR ³3URJUDPD 1DFLRQDO GH &DSRHLUD´ H HPSUHViULR H
FRQVXOWRUQDiUHDHVSRUWLYD3DUHFHXPHH[DJHUDGRWDOYH]DWpSDUDGL]HURPtQLPRSRXFR
pWLFR
0XLWRHPERUDPHVPRWHQGRSHGLGRLQVLVWHQWHPHQWHQmRWHQKDUHFHELGRVHTXHU
XP H[HPSODU GRV GHPDLV OLYURV H DILQV SXEOLFDGRV SHOR 31& FRP GLQKHLUR S~EOLFR SHOR
PHQRVHPSDUWHDFDEHLWHQGRDFHVVRDDOJXPDVREUDV7HUUtYHLVSDUHFLDPWHUDSHQDVXP
46
REMHWLYR DOLPHQWDU D YDLGDGH GH VHXV DXWRUHV XP GRV TXDLV SHOR PHQRV FRQVHOKHLUR GR
3URJUDPD1DFLRQDOGH&DSRHLUD
-i WLQKD GHVLVWLGR GH LQVLVWLU TXDQGR DEUR RV MRUQDLV H FRQVWDWR TXH R DVVXQWR
HPEXWLGR QXP TXDGUR WpFQLFREXURFUiWLFR PDLV FRPSOH[R DVVXPLX SURSRUo}HV GH HVFkQ
GDOR$SRQWRGRSUySULR0LQLVWUR([WUDRUGLQiULRGH(VSRUWHVQmRWHUDOWHUQDWLYDVHQmRDGH
PDQGDU DEULU XP LQTXpULWR DIDVWDQGR GH LPHGLDWR IXQFLRQiULRV FRP IRUWH VXVSHLWD GH
HVWDUHP OLJDGRV j PDOYHUVDomR GR GLQKHLUR S~EOLFR &KHFDQGR RV QRPHV FRQILUPR D
SUHVHQoDGHSHORPHQRVGRLVFRQVHOKHLURVGRLQWULJDQWH3URJUDPD1DFLRQDOGH&DSRHLUD
'H SDUDEpQV SRUWDQWR R DGPLQLVWUDGRU S~EOLFR (GVRQ $UDQWHV GR
1DVFLPHQWR TXH WHYH R GHVDVVRPEUR GH RUGHQDU XPD FLUXUJLD GHOLFDGD QR VHX
SUySULR PLQLVWpULR 6HP G~YLGD XP EUDYR H[HPSOR SRLV R ULVFR GH FRUUXSomR
URQGDGLXWXUQDPHQWHDDGPLQLVWUDomRS~EOLFDGRPXQGRRTXHHVWiIDOWDQGRp
H[HPSORFRPRHVWH
4XH R LQTXpULWR VHMD ULJRURVR TXH RV FXOSDGRV FDVR H[LVWDP HP WHVH VHPSUH
KDYHUi D SRVVLELOLGDGH GH HVWDU KDYHQGR XP JUDQGH H ODPHQWiYHO HTXtYRFR VHMDP
H[HPSODUPHQWH SXQLGRV 1mR DSHQDV FRP D H[RQHUDomR GH FDUJRV GH FRQILDQoD
FRQWLQXDQGRHPVHXVUHVSHFWLYRVFDUJRVGHFDUUHLUDPDVVHQGRGHPLWLGRVWDPEpPGHVWHV
VHPSUHMXt]RGHXPDDomRSHQDOQDMXVWLoDFRPXP4XHRJRYHUQRSXEOLTXHXPDOLVWDFRP
RV³VHUYLoRV´TXHIRUDPSUHVWDGRVDRORQJRGHVXDFRQWURYHUWLGDH[LVWrQFLDSHOR3URJUDPD
1DFLRQDO GD &DSRHLUD SRLV DV YHUGDGHLUDV OLGHUDQoDV GD FDSRHLUD DEVROXWDPHQWH SHUSOH[DV
FRP DV QRWtFLDV TXHUHP VDEHU FRP WRGR GLUHLWR RQGH FRPR TXDQGR H SRU TXHP IRUDP
JDVWRVHPQRPHGD&DSRHLUDRVRIULGRGLQKHLURS~EOLFR
&DVR VH FRPSURYH DOJXP WLSR GH LPSURELGDGH RV FXOSDGRV VHJXUDPHQWH VHUmR
QDWXUDOPHQWH H[SXUJDGRV GR PHLR GD &DSRHLUD FULDQGRVH DVVLP FRQGLo}HV SDUD TXH R
,1'(63 SURPRYD XPD JUDQGH PHVD UHGRQGD UHXQLQGR DV YHUGDGHLUDV OLGHUDQoDV TXH
ILQDOPHQWH XQLGDV GDUmR SUHFLRVRV VXEVtGLRV SDUD TXH R JRYHUQR IHGHUDO SRVVD Dt VLP
HODERUDU H H[HFXWDU XP 3/$121$&,21$/3$5$2'(6(192/9,0(1723/(12'$$57(
%5$6,/(,5$'$&$32(,5$*(0
5,2GHGH]HPEURGHO
47
&$32(,5$'2&1'$2,1'(63
%ULJDGHLUR-HURQ\PR%DVWRVHUDXPDSDL[RQDGRSHOD$HURQiXWLFDHSHORHVSRUWH
)RLSUHVLGHQWHGRDQWLJR&RQVHOKR1DFLRQDOGH'HVSRUWRV
&HUWR GLD FRPR DVVHVVRU GH FDSRHLUD GD &RQIHGHUDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH 3XJLOLVPR
IXLDR&1'DSUHVHQWDUXPSODQRQDFLRQDOGHDomRSDUDD³DUWHEUDVLOHLUDGDFDSRHLUDJHP´
3URIXQGR FRQKHFHGRU GH DGPLQLVWUDomR HVSRUWLYD H SDUD PLQKD VXUSUHVD
SURIXQGR FRQKHFHGRU GD PDQGLQJD GD &DSRHLUD H VREUHWXGR GDV LGLRVVLQFUDVLDV GRV
FDSRHLUDVR3UHVLGHQWHGR&1'DSyVXPDUHDOtVWLFDREVHUYDomR³FDGDPHVWUHGHFDSRHLUD
WHPDVXDVROXomRSDUWLFXODUÍH]XPDSURSRVWDGHVDILR³XQDDVOLGHUDQoDVHPWRUQRGH
VXD SURSRVWD RX RXWUD TXDOTXHU TXH UHSUHVHQWH R FRQVHQVR H YRFrV SRGHUmR FRQWDU FRPR
DSRLRGHVWH&RQVHOKR´
0DLVGHGXDVGpFDGDVMiVHSDVVDUDPPDVHVSHURHVWDUHUUDGRRTXDGURSLQWDGR
SHORVDXGRVR%ULJDGHLUR-HURQ\PR%DVWRVFRQWLQXDSUHYDOHFHQGR
6LWXDomRTXHSRGHUiVHUUHYHUWLGDDTXDOTXHUPRPHQWREDVWDQGRSDUDLVWRTXHDV
OLGHUDQoDV FKHJXHP D XP DFRUGR 4XDQWR PDLV GHSUHVVD PHOKRU SRLV D &DSRHLUD HVWi
JDQKDQGR R PXQGR FRUUHQGR R ULVFR SRUWDQWR GH DFDEDU VHQGR DGRWDGDSRUDOJXPRXWUR
SDtV
1HVWD OXWD QmR FDEHUi DR JRYHUQR IHGHUDO HVWDGXDO RX PXQLFLSDO DVVXPLU R
FRPDQGRSDWHUQDOL]DUDFDSRHLUD$WpSRUTXHRJRYHUQRWHPSULRULGDGHVLQGLVFXWtYHLVFRPR
HGXFDomRGHEDVHVD~GHVDQHDPHQWREiVLFRPRUDGLDHPSUHJRHWF(RGLQKHLURS~EOLFR
QmRHVWiVREUDQGR
3RU RXWUR ODGR XP ERP SURJUDPD QDFLRQDO GH FDSRHLUD VHP VRPEUD GH G~YLGD
UHSUHVHQWDUi XPD YDOLRVD DMXGD DRV SURJUDPDV JRYHUQDPHQWDLV QDV iUHDV SULRULWiULDV GD
(GXFDomRGD6D~GHGR'HVHQYROYLPHQWR&RPXQLWiULR9DOHQGRPHQFLRQDUDLPSRUWkQFLDGD
&DSRHLUDFRPRXPGRVVHJPHQWRVPDLVIDVFLQDQWHVGDFXOWXUDSRSXODUEUDVLOHLUD
9HQWRVGH%UDVtOLDWUD]HPERDVQRWtFLDVHVWXGRVSUHOLPLQDUHVFRPYLVWDVDDYDOLDUD
SRVVLELOLGDGH GH r[LWR GH XP (QFRQWUR 1DFLRQDO GD $UWH EUDVLOHLUD GD &DSRHLUDJHP 8PD
HVSpFLH GH PHVD UHGRQGD UHXQLQGR DV OLGHUDQoDVIRUPDLVHLQIRUPDLVGD&DSRHLUDFRPD
ILQDOLGDGHGHGLVFXWLUGHILQLUHUHDOL]DUXPWUDEDOKRFRQMXQWRFDSRHLULVWDVJRYHUQRVHVHWRU
SULYDGR
3DUWLFLSHL GH YiULRV ³HQFRQWURV´ GHVWH WLSR FRQWLQXR RWLPLVWD PDV DSURYHLWR SDUD
DOHUWDUSDUDRULVFRGHXPDDUPDGLOKDWUDGLFLRQDO
$ DUPDGLOKD GRV ³3ULPHLURV (QFRQWURV´ -i SDUWLFLSHL GH YiULRV ³SULPHLURV
HQFRQWURV´ LQFOXVLYH XP HP 1RYD <RUN MDPDLV SDUWLFLSHL GH ³VHJXQGRV HQFRQWURV´ $
H[SOLFDomR SDUD R IHQ{PHQR p VLPSOHV H yEYLD SRLV QHQKXP ³HQFRQWUR´ JHUD UHVXOWDGRV
LQVWLWXFLRQDLVRXSUiWLFRVpR³HQFRQWUR´SHOR³HQFRQWUR´QDUHDOLGDGHWRGR³HQFRQWUR´RX
VHPLQiULR RX FRQJUHVVR RX UHXQLmR RX RILFLQD QmR SDVVD GH XPD JUDQGH H IDVFLQDQWH
URGDGHFDSRHLUD)D]HUXP³VHJXQGRHQFRQWUR´VLJQLILFDGHSODQRUHVXPLURVUHVXOWDGRV
DOFDQoDGRV SHOR HQFRQWUR DQWHULRU 2FRUUH TXH WDLV HQFRQWURV MDPDLV UHVXOWDP HP DOJXPD
FRLVD
&RPRHOLPLQDUHVWHULVFR"
0XLWR VLPSOHV WXGR TXH R JRYHUQR WHUi TXH ID]HU p GHWHFWDGD DV SULQFLSDLV
OLGHUDQoDV DWXDLV GD &DSRHLUD VROLFLWDU D WRGDV HODV XP HVWXGR SUHOLPLQDU VREUH R WHPD
³6XJHVW}HV SDUD XP 3ODQR 1DFLRQDO GH 'HVHQYROYLPHQWR 3OHQR GD $UWH %UDVLOHLUD GD
&DSRHLUDJHP´
&ODURDFRPSDQKDQGRRWUDEDOKRFDGDOtGHULQWHUHVVDGRFDGDPHVWUHLQWHUHVVDGR
FDGDLQVWLWXLomRLQWHUHVVDGDGHYHUiDQH[DUVHX FXUULFXOXPYLWDHRXUHODWyULRVDQXDLVEHP
FRPRVXJHVW}HVFODUDVFRQFUHWDVHREMHWLYDVVREUHSUREOHPDVHVSHFtILFRVFRPR
3URIXVmRGHFRUGpLVFRUGDVFRUG}HVHILWDVFRPRHTXDFLRQDURDVVXQWRRXVHUiPHOKRU
GHL[DUFRPRHVWi"
48
2. 8PD &RQIHGHUDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH &DSRHLUD PHVPR IXQFLRQDQGR SOHQDPHQWH WHUi
FRQGLomRGHFRQWHPSODUWRGDDULTXH]DGDFDSRHLUD"
3. (P FDVR GH UHVSRVWD QHJDWLYD LWHP DQWHULRU TXDO VHULD D PHOKRU VROXomR SDUD HVWH
SURFHVVRGHLQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRGHSORUiYHOPDVLQHYLWiYHOGD&DSRHLUD"
6HUi DFRQVHOKiYHO FRORFDU XPD FDPLVDGHIRUoD WDPEpP QD H[WUDRUGLQiULD &DSRHLUD
$QJROD"
(RFRPSRQHQWH³QHJULWXGH´SRUTXHQmRHVWXGiORPDLVDIXQGR"2IHQ{PHQRGR³EOXH
QRWH´ SRU H[HPSOR SRGH VHU HQFRQWUDGR VHP VRPEUD GH G~YLGD QR FDQWR GH DOJXQV
FDSRHLUDV
1mRQmRHVWDPRVSURSRQGRTXHFDGDPHVWUHDSUHVHQWHXPDWHVHGRXWRUDO
0DVFODURHVWiDIDVHLQIDQWRMXYHQLOHVWiWHUPLQDQGRDVOLGHUDQoDVDWXDLVSRGHPH
GHYHP EXVFDU DSRLR HP YiULDV RXWUDV iUHDV 'D YLVmR VRFLROyJLFD SDUD R IHQ{PHQR DWp D
XWLOL]DomR SOHQD GH UHFXUVRV GH DXGLRYLVXDO H GD LQIRUPiWLFD 2 ³WUDEDOKRGHFDVD
SUHOLPLQDU´ TXH HVWDPRV SURSRQGR GHYHUi VHU DSUHVHQWDGR HP IRUPD GH YtGHR DWUDYpV GH
VOLGHVRXHPIRUPDGH&'520
3RUTXHQmR"
&HUWRDOJXQVSHUJXQWDUmR³HTXDQWRDRJUDQGHPHVWUHDRYHOKRPHVWUHVHPFXOWXUD
DFDGrPLFDVHPUHFXUVRVPDVFRPXPDJUDQGHVDEHGRULDSDUDRIHUHFHUDR(QFRQWUR"´
,PSRVVtYHO GLVFRUGDU WDLV PHVWUHV QmR SRGHP ILFDU GH IRUD PDV WDPEpP SDUD
HVWH LPSDVVH Ki GLYHUVDV VROXo}HV DOWHUQDWLYDV $TXL QR 5LR SRU H[HPSOR RV PHVPRV
HVSHFLDOLVWDVTXHUHDOL]DUDPRLPSRUWDQWHSURMHWR³&DSRHLUD)RQWHV0XOWLPtGLD´)81$57(
SRGHULDP UHFHEHU D LQFXPErQFLD GH DVVHVVRUDU DV FRQWULEXLo}HV GHVVD JHQWH 'D PHVPD
IRUPD WRGD D UHGH GD 8QLYHUVLGDGH )HGHUDO 3DUD QmR PHQFLRQDU SRU IDOWD GH HVSDoR R
LPSRUWDQWHSDSHOTXHDPtGLDJHUDOFHUWDPHQWHDFHLWDUiGHVHPSHQKDU
8PD FRLVD p FHUWD VH HVWH ³GHYHUGHFDVD´ IRU EHPIHLWRRJRYHUQRWHUiXPERP
DUJXPHQWR SDUD GHVWLQDU DOJXP GLQKHLUR S~EOLFR QD UHDOL]DomR GH XP (QFRQWUR 1DFLRQDO
4XHVHUiQmRWHQKRG~YLGDXPDUHXQLmRKLVWyULFDGHPRFUiWLFDHFXPrQLFDXPYHUGDGHLUR
JROGHSODFD
5LRMDQHLURGH
49
5RViULRGR&DWHWHR,%$0HD&DSRHLUD
'R HFRQRPLVWD $QW{QLR /LVERD $OYHV SURILVVLRQDO FRPSHWHQWH H H[WUDRUGLQiULD
ILJXUD KXPDQD UHFpPHPSRVVDGR FRPR VHFUHWiULR PXQLFLSDO GD 3UHIHLWXUD GH 5RViULR GR
&DWHWH HP 6HUJLSH UHFHER XPD FDUWD VROLFLWDQGR R ³Pi[LPR GH LQIRUPDo}HV VREUH R
,QVWLWXWR %UDVLOHLUR GH $GPLQLVWUDomR 0XQLFLSDO ,%$0´ RQGH WLYH R SUD]HU H D KRQUD GH
WUDEDOKDUGXUDQWHDOJXQVDQRV
$SURYHLWDQGR R ³SUHWH[WR´ IL] XPD YLVLWD DR ,%$0 R TXH WRGRV JRYHUQRV
PXQLFLSDLVGHYHULDPID]HUUHYLYHOKRVDPLJRVHJDULPSHLSUHFLRVDVLQIRUPDo}HVWpFQLFDV
0DQXDOGR3UHIHLWRGH&RPXQLFDomRHWFSDUDDSUHIHLWXUDVHUJLSDQD
50
$OpP GH XVXIUXLU D WUDGLFLRQDO ILGDOJXLD LEDQHDQD IXL VXUSUHHQGLGR FRP XPD QRYD
IUHQWHGHDWLYLGDGHV$WUDYpVGD$VVRFLDomRGH)XQFLRQiULRVR,%$0WHPDJRUDXPFXUVR
GH FDSRHLUD SDUD VHX TXDGUR GH SHVVRDO 1mR p XPD LGpLD QRYD FRPR EHP VDOLHQWRX HP
PHX IDYRU D EULOKDQWH DGPLQLVWUDGRUD 0DUD 'DUF\ %LDVL )HUUHLUD 3LQWR SRLV HP QR
PHVPR DXGLWyULR GR ,%$0 SURPRYL R , )HVWLYDO GH 8PD &RUGD 6yH R ,%$0 DWUDYpV GH
VXD 5HYLVWD GH $GPLQLVWUDomR 0XQLFLSDO 5$0 Q SXEOLFDYD HP RXWGH] XP
UHVXPR GR PHX WUDEDOKR ³3ODQR 0XQLFLSDO 6yFLR(VSRUWLYR VXEVtGLRV´ RQGH jV SiJLQDV
WDQWDV HX GHIHQGLD D SUiWLFD GD FDSRHLUD HP HVFRODV PXQLFLSDLV HVWUDWpJLFDV FHQWURV GH
LUUDGLDomR iUHDV SyOR 'HWDOKH TXH REYLDPHQWH QmR WLUD R PpULWR GR 6U 6HYHULQR
$QGUDGHFKHIHGRVHWRUGHH[SHGLomRHSUHVLGHQWHGDPHQFLRQDGDDVVRFLDomR
&RPR QmR SRGHULD GHL[DU GH VHU D SULPHLUD YLVLWD SURYRFRX XPD VHJXQGD
HVSHFLILFDPHQWHSDUDDVVLVWLUDXPDDXODGHFDSRHLUDDSyVRH[SHGLHQWHDSURYHLWDQGRXPD
GDV iUHDV GLVSRQtYHLV GR FRPSOH[R GR DXGLWyULR 2 FXUVR HVWi VRE D UHVSRQVDELOLGDGH GR
MRYHP 5DIDHO 5RGULJXHV &XQKD FRUGHOUR[RPDLVFRQKHFLGRFRPR0LQGLQKRQRVPHLRVGD
FDSRHLUDHVSHFLDOPHQWHQR*UXSR&DSRHLUD%UDVLO0HVWUH%RQHFRGRTXDOID]SDUWH$VVLVWL
j SDUWH ILQDO GD DXOD H WLYH XPD ORQJD H VXUSUHHQGHQWH FRQYHUVD FRP R 6U 5DIDHO 3DUD
FRPHoDU HP SUDWLFDPHQWH WRGRV RV PHXV DUWLJRV FRQFHQWUR PLQKD DWHQomR QR TXH YHQKR
FKDPDQGR GH ³SURFHVVR GH LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR ODPHQWiYHO PDVLQH[RUiYHO GD FDSRHLUD´
RX VHMD SURFXUR VHPSUH OHPEUDU DOJXPDV GDWDV KLVWyULFDV H D LPSRUWkQFLD GD FDSRHLUD
SUDWLFDGD QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR SURFXUR OHPEUDU D LPSRUWkQFLD GH HVWXGRV FRPR R OLYUR GH
51
3URIHVVRU,QH]LO3HQQD0DULQKR6XEVtGLRVSDUDR(VWXGRGD0HWRGRORJLDGR7UHLQDPHQWRGD
&DSRHLUDJHP RX OLYUR GH $QQLEDO %XUODPDTXL =XPD ³*\PQDVWLFD 1DFLRQDO &DSRHLUDJHPPHWKRGLVDGDHUHJUDGD´SURFXUROHPEUDU-XFD5HLV0DQGXFDGD3UDLD
&LUtDFR&DPLVD3UHWDRVDXGRVR6LQKR]LQKRGH,SDQHPD5XGROI+HUPDQQ\DpSRFDGHRXUR
GD FDSRHLUD GR VXE~UELR GR 5LR R TXDVH PLODJUH GR UHVVXUJLPHQWR GD FDSRHLUD DQJROD D
QtYHO PXQGLDO HWF 5HVHUYR SRXFR HVSDoR SRUWDQWR SDUD D &DSRHLUD 5HJLRQDO H VHXV
GHVGREUDPHQWRV *UXSR 6HQ]DOD *UXSR $%$'È *UXSR %UDVLO *UXSR 0X]HQ]D HWF SRLV
HQWHQGR TXH HVWD FRUUHQWH p PXLWR IRUWH HVSHFLDOPHQWH HP WHUPRV VyFLRHFRQ{PLFRV
SRGHQGRHVFUHYHUHPXLWREHPVHXVSUySULRVDUWLJRVHOLYURV
3DUD PLQKD VXUSUHVD HQWUHWDQWR UHFHEL GR 6U 5DIDHO &XQKD LQIRUPDo}HV H
HVFODUHFLPHQWRV SUHFLRVRV GH LQWHUHVVH MRUQDOtVWLFR H SDUD TXDOTXHU HVWXGLRVR GH FDSRHLUD
*RVWHLGHFRPRHOHGHVFUHYHXPLQXFLRVDPHQWHRWDOHQWRVRMRJRGHGRLVJUDQGHVPHVWUHV
3RLVYLURXFRLVDUDUDXPD³YROWDGRPXQGR´GHDQWRORJLDGHPRUDGDHPDJLVWUDOPHQWHQmR
FRQIXQGLU FRP ³WHDWUDOPHQWH´ PDQGLQJXHLUD DQRWHL TXDQGR R FRUGHO UR[R 0LQGLQKR
PHQFLRQRX HORJLRVDPHQWH R QRPH GR FDSRHLULVWD (VSLUUR0LULP³pOiHP)RUWDOH]DRQGH
VH HVWi SUDWLFDQGR XPD H[FHOHQWH FDSRHLUD (VSLUUR p SUHVHQoD REULJDWyULD HP WRGD ERD
URGD´ 2UD WRGR HVSRUWH WRGD DUWH WRGD SURILVVmR WHP RV VHXV FDPSH}HV D FDSRHLUD
WDPEpP PDV HVWmR XP SRXFR HVFRQGLGRV SRU GHWUiV GD FDUWROLFH H GD YDLGDGH GH DOJXQV
³PHVWUHV´H³FDUWRODV´*RVWDULDPXLWRGHYHUHVWHFDSRHLULVWDFHDUHQVHMRJDQGRTXHPQmR
JRVWDULD"
2XWURSRQWRUHOHYDQWHGDFRQYHUVDIRLDLPSRUWkQFLDHDRPHVPRWHPSRRVULVFRV
GHXP³(QFRQWUR1DFLRQDO´FRPYLVWDVDXQLUDVOLGHUDQoDVDSDUDUDOJXPDVDUHVWDVHSDUWLU
SDUD VROXo}HV GH FRQVHQVR TXH QmR GHVFDUDFWHUL]HP D FDSRHLUD 3RU XPD IHOL]
FRLQFLGrQFLDRJRYHUQRIHGHUDOHVWiVHQVtYHODXPSURMHWRGHVWHVPDVVHPSDWHUQDOLVPRV
2 TXH VLJQLILFD TXH XP SUpUHTXLVLWR SDUD R SOHQR r[LWR GH XPD JUDQGH PHVD UHGRQGD
QDFLRQDO VHUi D DSUHVHQWDomR DQWHFLSDGD SRU SDUWH GH WRGRV RV SDUWLFLSDQWHV HP
SRWHQFLDOGHXPDSURSRVWDREMHWLYDHFRQFUHWDGHXQLmRJHUDO6HPLVWRTXDOTXHUHQFRQWUR
FRSDWURFLQDGR SHOR JRYHUQR RX QmR VHUi PHUD SHUGD GH WHPSR H GLQKHLUR QD PHOKRU GDV
KLSyWHVHVVHUiDSHQDVXPDJUDQGHURGDGHFRQIUDWHUQL]DomRGXYLGRVD
5HVXPLQGRHWHUPLQDQGRWDOYH]HVWHMDVXUJLQGRDtRHPEULmRGHXPJUDQGHSURMHWR
UHXQLQGR DV OLGHUDQoDV GD FDSRHLUD R JRYHUQR IHGHUDO ,1'(63 GHPDLV JRYHUQRV
LQWHUHVVDGRV 3DUFHULDV QR VHWRU SULYDGR H FHUWDPHQWH R ,QVWLWXWR %UDVLOHLUR GH
$GPLQLVWUDomR0XQLFLSDO3RUH[HPSORXP6HJXQGR(QFRQWUR1DFLRQDOVREUHR3URFHVVRGH
,QVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRGD&DSRHLUDWHQKRR3ULPHLURWRWDOPHQWHJUDYDGR
5,2GHMDQHLURGHO
52
0$1'8&$'$35$,$(0&'520
$VVLVWL ILQDOPHQWH DR &'520 ³GHPR´ SURGX]LGR FRP FHUWD JHQLDOLGDGH SRU WUrV
HVSHFLDOLVWDV HP LQIRUPiWLFD 2 WUDEDOKR GHILQLWLYR FDVR UHDOPHQWH YHQKD D S~EOLFR
VHUiVHJXUDPHQWHXPPDUFRQDKLVWyULDGDFRPXQLFDomRGD&DSRHLUD
3DUD RVHXWRWDOVXFHVVRUHVWDPDSHQDVGRLVGHVDILRV'HILQLUXPPHFDQLVPRGH
FRPHUFLDOL]DomRH'HILQLUXPURWHLUR³HFXPrQLFR´SDUDRUHYROXFLRQiULR&'5202XVHMD
TXH R WUDEDOKRQmRILTXHOLPLWDGRjVYH]HVDWpSRUUD]}HVFRPHUFLDLVPDOHTXDFLRQDGDVD
HVWH RX DTXHOH VHJPHQWR GHVWD WmR IDVFLQDQWH TXDQWR PXOWLIDFHWDGD DUWH EUDVLOHLUD GD
FDSRHLUDJHP
(PUHODomRDRSULPHLURGHVDILRDOpPGRVHWRUSULYDGRDFUHGLWRTXHVHMDDFRQVHOKiYHO
WHQWDU WDPEpP DV WUrV HVIHUDV JRYHUQDPHQWDLV &RPHoDQGR SHOR UHFpPHPSRVVDGR
JRYHUQR GD &LGDGH GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR FXMR VHFUHWiULR PXQLFLSDOGH HVSRUWHV SHORV MRUQDLV
WHP GHPRQVWUDGR JUDQGH VHQVLELOLGDGH HP UHODomR DR FDVDPHQWR GR HVSRUWH FRP D
FXOWXUD 'D PHVPD IRUPD RV JRYHUQRV (VWDGXDO GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR H )HGHUDO VHQGR DV
UHFHQWHV LQDXJXUDo}HV GDV YLODV ROtPSLFDV QD EDL[DGD IOXPLQHQVH XP ERP H[HPSOR D
FDSRHLUD IXWXUD ³PRGDOLGDGH ROtPSLFD´ HVWDUi LQFOXtGD QDV SURJUDPDo}HVGHVVDVYLODV"GH
YRQWDGHSROtWLFD
4XDQWR DR VHJXQGR GHVDILR VHUi LPSRUWDQWH FRQWHPSODU RV SULQFLSDLV DVSHFWRV GD
+LVWyULDGD&DSRHLUDGDÈIULFDjVXDUHFHQWHLQYDVmRQRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVH(XURSDSDVVDQGR
p FODUR SHOR 5LR GH -DQHLUR SHOD VHPSUH IDVFLQDQWH %DKLD H SHOR EUDYR 3HUQDPEXFR
1DVFLPHQWR*UDQGH-RmR6DEHWXGRHRXWURV'HIRUDSRUH[HPSORQmRSRGHUiILFDUD
GUDPDWL]DomR GH XPD GDV PDLV FXULRVDV SDVVDJHQV GR OLYUR ³2 5LR GH -DQHLUR GR PHX
7HPSR´ GH (GPXQGR /LQV (P UHFHQWH SURMHWR YtGHR DSUHVHQWDGR D XPD
XQLYHUVLGDGHGR5-VXJHULHVWDGUDPDWL]DomRHGRLVQRPHV0HVWUH'DPLRQRU0HQGRQoDH
0HVWUH0LQWLULQKD/XL]$PpULFRGD6LOYDWRGRVGRLVH[WUDRUGLQiULRVQRSDSHO
,QWUyLWR ³&KHJD DV GD PDQKm QR FRUWLoR 0DQGXFD GD 3UDLD YLQGR GD ³WHRUJD´
SDUDGRUPLU5RQFDDWpPXLWRGHSRLVGRPHLRGLD&RPHYHVWHVHHYDLHPERUD4XDQGRHOH
SDUWH PDQHLURVR H JHQWLO FDQWDURODQGR DOHJUH R ³SLQKR´ HQWUH RV GHGRV VDXGDQGR RV
FRQKHFLGRV GR FRUWLoR %i WDUGH PXLWR RUJXOKRVR GDV VXDV FDOoDV EUDQFDV GD VXD
ELSDUWLGDJDIRULQKDKiXPPRYLPHQWRGHDGPLUDomRTXHRHQYROYHHRDFDULFLD*DEDPOKH
DYR]RYLROmRRERPFRUWHGRWHUQRIHLWRQD7HVRXUDGH3UDWDjUXDGD6D~GH3RUYH]HV
GDQGRVH j LPSRUWkQFLD SiUD FRQVHUYDQGR QR SiWLR GD HVWDODJHP RUD FRP XP RUD FRP
RXWUR)DODHPJtULDFDULRFDQXPHVWLORYLYD]FKHLRGHLPDJHQVLPSUHYLVWDV
0LQWLULQKD³6DtDHXRQWHGHWDUGLQKDGRFKDW{SDUDLUDRFK{URGR0DGUXJDQR
$JULmRTXDQGRULVFDQDPLQKDIUHQWHXPFXMRPHLRVDUDUiHTXHHXPHUHFRUGHLGHKDYHU
HVWUDJDGRQXPGLDGHIHVWDQRDUUDLDOGD3HQKDSRUPRWLYRGH(UPHOLQGDTXHHQWmRYLYLD
FRPLJR2FDEUDYLQKD]DUURSDUDWLUDUVXDGHVIRUUDHID]HUVXDGHIHUHQoD1mRGHLWHPSRDR
EUXWR GH FRPSDUHFHU FRP RV DUJXPHQWRV 6DFXGL ORQJH R SLQKR H VHP WRPDU DUDJHP
GDQVHLGHYHOKRHIXLORJRFDVFDQGRRTXHQJRQDFDL[DGHFDWDUURGREUXWRTXHHOHWHYH
TXHLUEDUUDDIRUDYHVWLGRGHIDWRLQWHLURLQGRDFRPRGDURVRVVRVQDOLPSH]DGDFDOoDGD
9LURX FREUD H FUHVFHX SDUD PLP GH QRYR )L] XPD ILJXUDomR 0HUJXOKHL )RL TXDQGR OKH
VHQWLQRVGHGRVREULOKRGDVDUGLQKD(OHTXHTXHULDHUDPHFRUWi(QJROLEDUULJD&RFHLPH
DFKDQGR ORJR D IHUUDPHQWD OHYDQWHL R UDER GR FRUWH H SXVPH GH JXDUGD j HVSHUD GR
DYDQoR
0HQGRQoD ³9HLR GH FDGHLUD 0DURPEHL FDOFHL R ELFKR 1mR FDLX $t VHP DEXVDU GR
IHUURPDQGHLOKHXPEDLDQRVyGHODPEXMDQDDOWXUDGDERPEDGRUHVSLUR3RLVQmRpTXH
TXDVH PDWHL R KRPH" &DLX GH ERUFR ( TXDQGR HX OKH SHUJXQWHL (QWmR" 6HX -DJRGHV
YRFr HVFRQILRX´" (QFROKHX GH FDUDPDXMR HVRUWRXDFXVSDUDGD³³2OYLGHLDRIHQVDHGLVVH
SUD HOH 1mR GRXHPKRPHGHLWDGR6HYRFrQmRDJHQWDRWUDQFRGLJDTXHHXYRXPH
HPERUD&XVSLXGHQRYR9LVDQJXH9{WHeTXDQGRSHJDDMXQWiJHQWH(XQVJHLWRVGH³QmR
53
SRGH´'HSRLVPHJDQKD)XLVDLQGRGHEDUULJDHTXDQGRRJULORHVWULORXDEULRDUFRHFDt
QR PXQGR 1D PLQKD PHLD KRUD YRX ORQJH TXH HX VRX GR SRYR GD OLUD H WHQKR R FRUSR
IHFKDGR´
5,2GHIHYHUHLURGHO
54
,&%&$32(,5$($0$162'2&$0,1+2
+iXPDFRUGRGHUHFLSURFLGDGHHQWUHR,DWH&OXEHGR5LRGH-DQHLURHRGD
%DKLD ,&% 2 DFRUGR QmR LQFOXL FHUWDPHQWH D XWLOL]DomR DEXVLYD GR FRPSXWDGRU GD
LPSUHVVRUDHGRID[HJUDoDVHQWUHWDQWRjWUDGLFLRQDOJHQHURVLGDGHEDLDQDHVSHFLDOPHQWH
GR 6U $QWRQLR )HUQDQGHV 1HWR JHUHQWH JHUDO GR ,DWH &OXEH GD %DKLD HVWRX HQYLDQGR
GLUHWDPHQWHGH6DOYDGRUHVWHSHTXHQRDUWLJRTXDVHXPDFU{QLFD
9LPSDUDYHU&DSRHLUDDULFDHERDFDSRHLUDTXHD%DKLDVHPSUHDSUHVHQWDD
TXHP VDEH SURFXUDU 9L PDLV GR TXH LVWR YL R ERP WUDEDOKR GR ,QVWLWXWR GR 3DWULP{QLR $U
WtVWLFRH&XOWXUDOGD%DKLD,3$&GR,QVWLWXWR0DXiGR&HQWURGH(VWXGRV$IUR2ULHQWDLVGD
8QLYHUVLGDGH )HGHUDO GD %DKLD YL PHVWUHV H HVWXGLRVRV DEULQGR PmR GH SDUWH GR SUHVWLJLR
SHVVRDO H SDVVDQGR D DSRLDU D HPHUJHQWH H SURPLVVRUD $VVRFLDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH &DSRHLUD
$QJRODYLRH[FHOHQWHWUDEDOKRGD)XQGDomR0HVWUH%LPEDHPVXPDYLDLQGDHVWRXYHQGR
RTXHD%DKLDWHPGHPHOKRUHPPDWpULDGHFDSRHLUD$VVXQWRQmRDSHQDVSDUDXPDUWLJR
PDVSDUDXPOLYURGHPXLWDVSiJLQDVHIRWRV2TXHQmRLQYDOLGDHVWHSHTXHQRUHODWRRQGH
GHVWDFRXPDGDVPXLWDVYLVLWDVSURJUDPDGDVHXPDDSDUHQWHPHQWHQmRSURJUDPDGD
'DVYLVLWDVSURJUDPDGDVVHUiLPSRVVtYHOQmRGHVWDFDURVFRQWDWRVTXHHVWRX
PDQWHQGRFRPDGLUHWRULDGD$VVRFLDomR%UDVLOHLUDGH&DSRHLUD$QJRODLQVWDODGDILQDOPHQWH
HP JHQHURVR HVSDoR QD KLVWyULFD H HQFDQWDGD
iUHD GR 3HORXULQKR SDOPDV SDUD D %DKLD
HVSHFLDOPHQWH SDUD R ,3$& (P XP GHVVHV
FRQWDWRV DVVLVWL D XPD 5RGD GH &DSRHLUD
LQHVTXHFtYHO WRGD D 'LUHWRULD GR $%&$ HVWDYD Oi
R SUHVLGHQWH GR FRQVHOKR GLUHWRU 0HVWUH %DUED
%UDQFD 6U *LOEHUWR 5HLV ) 6DQWRV )LOKR HVWDYD
Oi R SUHVLGHQWH GR FRQVHOKR GHOLEHUDWLYR 0HVWUH
*LOGR$OILQHWH6HQKRU*LOGR/HPRV&RXWRHVWDYD
Oi PHX YHOKR FRQKHFLGR 6U 5RGULJXHV
)HUUHLUD GR 5RViULR R H[WUDRUGLQiULR 0HVWUH
/RUG%RP&DEULWR IRWRHVWDYDOi0HVWUHV0DOD
'RLV GH 2XUR H 3HOp PXLWR ERP HP VDPED GH
URGDHVWDYDPOiRVDOXQRVGR,Or2S{$IRQMiGR
WHUUHLUR GH 0mH (VWHOD HVWDYDP Oi R JUXSR GH
&DSRHLUD$QJROD&XOWXUDO$FXOSHGH%URWDV0HVWUH
0DUURQ HVWDYD Oi R FDSRHLULVWD )UDQFR 3DXOLVWD
H[WUDRUGLQiULRHVWDYDOi
1RLWH SDUD QmR HVTXHFHU H[DWDPHQWH FRPR D YLVLWD QmR SURJUDPDGD DR
6HQKRU'LYDOGR)UDQFRQD0DQVmRGR&DPLQKRQRGLVWDQWHVHLTXHLVWRpUHODWLYREDLUURGH
3DX GH /LPD 'LVWDQWH PDV PHVPR DVVLP XPD YLVLWD GH VXPD LPSRUWkQFLD HVSLULWXDO 3RU
VRUWHYHMRDJRUDIRLRQGHILTXHLKRVSHGDGRHPPLQKDSULPHLUDYLDJHPD6DOYDGRUORQJDV
GpFDGDVDWUiV-iQDTXHODpSRFDSHVTXLVDQGRVREUHDQRVVDEUDVLOHLUDHIDVFLQDQWHDUWHGD
FDSRHLUDJHP
3DUD VHU IUDQFR QmR VHL VH HVWD PLQKD YLVLWD j 0DQVmR GR &DPLQKR IRL WmR
DFLGHQWDODVVLP
5,2GHIHYHUHLURGHO
55
23(/285,1+2($/(,=,&2
(QTXDQWR PXLWRV DLQGD QmR HQWHQGHUDP RX QmR HVWmR TXHUHQGR HQWHQGHU R
IDPRVR3HORXULQKRHP6DOYDGRU%DKLDMiHVWiDSOLFDQGRPDQGLQJXHLUDPHQWHD/HL=LFR$
LGpLD GD OHL FRPR WRGR GHVSRUWLVWD VDEH p SRVVLELOLWDU XPD VDXGiYHO FRPSHWLomRWDPEpP
HP QtYHO GH JHUrQFLD GR HVSRUWH 2X VHMD D SDUWLU GD FKDPDGD /HL =LFR FDGD HVSRUWH QmR
SUHFLVD ILFDU OLPLWDGR D XPD Vy IHGHUDomR QHP PHVPR D XPD Vy FRQIHGHUDomR 1DGD
LPSHGHDJRUDTXHFRH[LVWDPSDFLILFDPHQWHPDLVGHXPDUHSUHVHQWDomRSDUDXPPHVPR
HVSRUWH
2TXHQLQJXpPSRGHULDHVSHUDUpRTXHHVWiDFRQWHFHQGRRSULPHLURHVSRUWHD
XWLOL]DU HVWD OHL LQFRQVFLHQWHPHQWH TXH VHMD FXULRVDPHQWH QHP HVSRUWH ROtPSLFR DLQGD p
(VWDPRVQRV UHIHULQGR j IDVFLQDQWH DUWH DIUREUDVLOHLUD GD FDSRHLUDJHP TXH XP GLD
VHJXUDPHQWHHVWDUiQDV2OLPStDGDV1mRVLPSOHVPHQWHFRPRPDLVXPDOXWDPDUFLDOQHP
PHVPR FRPR PDLV XPD PRGDOLGDGH GH HVSRUWH HQWUDUi LVWR VLP FULDQGR XPD QRYD
FDWHJRULDDDOWXUDGHWRGRRVHXIDVFtQLRGHVXDIRUPDWmRPXOWLIDFHWDGD1HVWHGLD
WRGRVHQWHQGHUmRFRPH[WUHPDIDFLOLGDGHTXHD&DSRHLUDHQFHUUDPXLWRPDLVGRTXHWRGRV
RV HVSRUWHV ROtPSLFRV MXQWRV D HVVrQFLD GRV LGHDLV GH %DUmR GH &RXEHUWLQ ³2 LPSRUWDQWH
QmRpYHQFHUpFRPSHWLU´
7LYHVVH R 6HQKRU %DUmR FRQKHFLGR D FDSRHLUD WHULD FXQKDGR XPD IUDVH PXLWR
PDLV FRPSOHWD ³R LPSRUWDQWH
QmR p YHQFHU p VLPSOHVPHQWH
GDUXPDYROWDGRPXQGR´
0DV YROWHPRV DR
WHPDEiVLFR(QRVDSUHVVDPRV
D DGLDQWDU TXH QmR YDPRV
GLVVHFDUDFRH[LVWrQFLDGDVGXDV
³IHGHUDo}HV´ GH FDSRHLUDV GR
5LR GH -DQHLUR YDPRV VLP
PRVWUDUDVVROXo}HVTXHD%DKLD
HVWi HQFRQWUDQGR SDUD HVWH
SURFHVVR ODPHQWiYHO PDV
LQH[RUiYHO
GH
LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR GD FDSRHLUD
6HP G~YLGD XP EHOR H[HPSOR
SDUDR5LRGH-DQHLURHSDUDRV
GHPDLVHVWDGRV
7LYHVVH R ,QVWLWXWR GR
3DWULP{QLR $UWtVWLFR H &XOWXUDO
GD %DKLD ,3$& XPD YLVmR
PHUDPHQWH EXURFUiWLFD PtRSH
SRXFR FULDWLYD H SRXFR
JHQHURVDSRGHULDQmRFHGHURX
Associação Brasileira de Capoeira Angola,
GHVWLQDU DSHQDV XP SHTXHQR
Pelourinho, Salvador, Bahia.
HVSDoR SDUD D SUiWLFD H
GHPRQVWUDomR GD &DSRHLUD $ILQDO HP TXH SHVH R IDVFtQLR GD FDSRHLUD D %DKLD WHP PXLWR
PDLVFRLVDSDUDDSUHVHQWDUHHQFDQWDUDWRGRPXQGR6iELDPHQWHHQWUHWDQWRSHUFHEHQGR
R VXFHVVR LQWHUQDFLRQDO FUHVFHQWH GR QRVVR MRJROXWD GH PDQGLQJD R ,3$& GHVWLQRX SDUD
HOH QmR DSHQDV XP PDLV YiULRV ERQV HVSDoRV ( TXH YHQoD R PHOKRU R PDLV FDSD] HP
WHUPRVGHWDOHQWRFDSRHLUtVWLFRHWDPEpPRTXHpPXLWRLPSRUWDQWHHPWHUPRVGHWDOHQWR
JHUHQFLDO $WXDOPHQWH QR 3HORXULQKR YDPRV HQFRQWUDU GD UHFpP LQDXJXUDGD $VVRFLDomR
56
%UDVLOHLUD GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD j YHOKD DFDGHPLD GH 0HVWUH %LPED DWXDOPHQWH VRE D
UHVSRQVDELOLGDGH GH 0HVWUH %DPED SDVVDQGR SHOD (VFROD GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD ,UPmRV
*rPHRVGH0HVWUH&XULySHOD(VFROD0XQLFLSDO0HVWUH3DVWLQKDTXHREYLDPHQWHWDPEpP
HQVLQD FDSRHLUD H SHOD )XQGDomR 0HVWUH %LPED TXH D TXDOTXHU PRPHQWR GHYHUi DVVXPLU
VHXHVSDoRQDiUHD
(TXHYHQoDUHOHYHPDUHSHWLomRRPHOKRUWUDEDOKR
2X PHOKRU TXH YHQoDP WRGRV SRLV WRGRV PHUHFHP YHQFHU 8QV SHOR FDULVPD GR
PHVWUH SULQFLSDO FRPR p R FDVR GH 0HVWUH &XULy RXWUR SHOD FDSDFLGDGH GH UHDOL]DU XP
HVIRUoR FRQMXQWR FRPR p R FDVR GD $%&$ H GD )XQGDomR 0HVWUH %LPED 9DOHQGR OHPEUDU
TXH WRGRV HVVHV HVIRUoRV GHQWUR GD iUHD HQFDQWDGD GR 3HORXULQKR HVWmR UHFHEHQGR XP
QDWXUDODSRLRGHDOJXPDVGH]HQDVGHH[FHOHQWHVPHVWUHVHHVWXGLRVRVHVSDOKDGRVSRUWRGD
6DOYDGRU H SRU WRGD D %DKLD 'HVVHV PHUHFHQGR HVSHFLDO GHVWDTXH R *UDQGH 0HVWUH -RmR
3HTXHQRQR/DUJRGH6DQWR$QW{QLR$OpPGR&DUPRDQWLJD&DVDGH'HWHQomRRXQDURGD
GHQWURGHVXDFDVDHP)D]HQGD&RXWR
5,2GHIHYHUHLURGHO
57
%$5%$%5$1&$(6,1+2=,1+2
2 6U *LOEHUWR 5HLV 6DQWRV )LOKR 0HVWUH %DUED %UDQFD p SUHVLGHQWH GR &RQVHOKR
'LUHWRU GD $VVRFLDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD $%&$ RUJDQL]DomR SURPLVVRUD TXH
HVWiVHLQVWDODQGRQDiUHDPiJLFDGR3HORXULQKRHP6DOYDGRU0rVSDVVDGRDSURYHLWDQGR
XPDUiSLGDYLDJHPj%DKLDWURFDPRVDOJXPDVLGpLDV$WHQFLRVRHSRQGHUDGR0HVWUH%DUED
%UDQFD GHPRQVWURX LQWHUHVVH HP FRQKHFHU PDLV D IXQGR D +LVWyULD GD &DSRHLUD GR 5LR
$QWLJR5HFRPHQGHLHQWmRDOJXQVHVFULWRUHVKLVWRULDGRUHVURPDQFLVWDVDQWURSyORJRVHWF
HVREUHWXGRROLYURGH,QH]LO3HQQD0DULQKR6XEVtGLRVSDUDR(VWXGRGD0HWRGRORJLDGR
7UHLQDPHQWR GD &DSRHLUDJHP H R GH &DUORV (XJrQLR 6RDUHV SXEOLFDGR PDLV
UHFHQWHPHQWH$1HJUHJDGD,QVWLWXLomRRVFDSRHLUDVQR5LRGH-DQHLUR
(PIXQomRGRPHXSUy[LPROLYURHQWUHWDQWRIROKHDQGRSUHFLRVRPDWHULDOJHQWLOPHQWH
FHGLGR SHOR 3URIHVVRU 5XGROI +HUPDQQ\ SHUFHEL TXH SRGHULD GH PDQHLUD UHVXPLGD H
LPHGLDWD RIHUHFHU PDLV DOJXQV
VXEVtGLRV SDUD R IXWXUR &HQWUR GH
0HPyULDGD&DSRHLUDGD$%&$(VWRX
PH UHIHULQGR PXLWR HVSHFLDOPHQWH
DR H[WUDRUGLQiULR $JHQRU 6DPSDLR
IRWR6LQKR]LQKRXPDGDVILJXUDV
PDLVTXHULGDVHUHVSHLWDGDVORQJDVH
VDXGRVDV
GpFDGDV
DWUiV
SDUWLFXODUPHQWH QR 0RUUR GH 6DQWR
$QW{QLRTXHMiQmRH[LVWHHQD=RQD
6XOGR5,20HOKRUGRTXHWHQWDUXP
UHVXPRGRPDWHULDOPHQFLRQDGRVHUi
SXUD H VLPSOHVPHQWH SLQoDU H
WUDQVFUHYHUDOJXPDVGHVXDVSDUWHV
³$JHQRU 6DPSDLR 6LQKR]LQKR R
JUDQGH DQLPDGRU GD PRFLGDGH
EUDVLOHLUDVSRUWLYDIDODDR',$5,2'(
127Ë&,$ &OXE 1DFLRQDO GH
*\PQDVWLFD &DSRHLUD XPD JUDQGH
SURPHVVD 5LR GH VHWHPEUR GH
O´
³e WDPDQKR R SUHVWLJLR GH $JHQRU 6DPSDLR QD URGD GH YHWHUDQRV H WmR JUDQGH D VXD
DVFHQGrQFLDVREUHXPDJUDQGHSDUWHGHQRVVRVDFWXDHVDWKOHWDVTXHMiFRUUHPDVKLVWyULDV
PDLVFXULRVDVDUHVSHLWRGRFRQVDJUDGRFDPSHmR´
³+iPXLWRWHPSRTXHHQVLQRDFDSRHLUDJHPRXOXWDEUDVLOHLUD)D]LDRJUDWXLWDPHQWHDXP
UHJXODU Q~PHUR GH UDSD]HV QXPD JUDQGH iUHD GD PLQKD UHVLGrQFLD $ EHQpILFD FDPSDQKD
GHVHQYROYLGD SHOR ',È5,2 '( 127Ë&,$6 HP IDYRU GR UHHUJXLPHQWR GDTXHOOD OXWD DQLPRX
PH2VPHXVDOXPQRVDUJXPHQWDUDPGHPDQHLUDTXHPHYLIRUoDGRDREWHUXPORFDORQGH
PH IRVVH SRVVtYHO DWWHQGHU D WRGRV 'Dt PLQKD GHFLVmR GH FULDU R &OXE 1DFLRQDO GH
*\PQDVWLFD TXH VH DFKD SURYLVRULDPHQWH LQVWDODGR j 5XD GR 5RViULR Q GR DQGDU
&RP R DSRLR GD ,PSUHQVD HVSHUR YHU D OXWD EUDVLOHLUD EDVWDQWHGLVVHPLQDGD QHVWD FDSLWDO
GHQWUR GH SRXFR WHPSR 9RX RUJDQL]DU XP WRUQHLR HQWUH WRGRV RV PHXV GLVFtSXORV FXMDV
EDVHVVHHQFRQWUDPHPHODERUDomR´
%ROHWLP 2ILFLDO GD $VVRFLDomR $WOpWLFD $JHQRU 6DPSDLR WH[WR HVFULWR SRU (OR\ 'XWUD
³6H SHUJXQWDUPRV D YiULRV KDELWDQWHV GR 5LR GH -DQHLUR TXHP p $OH[DQGHU )OHPLQJ
PXLWRVWDOYH]LJQRUHPTXHPVHMDRIDPRVRFLHQWLVWDLQJOrV6HQRHQWDQWRSHUJXQWDUPRVD
58
HVWDV PHVPDV SHVVRDV VH FRQKHFHP $JHQRU 6DPSDLR XP 2 DEHUWR VHUi D LQGHIHFWtYHO
UHVSRVWD5HDOPHQWHQmRKiTXHPQmRFRQKHoD6LQKR]LQKR&KHJDVHDWHUDLPSUHVVmRTXH
R QRVVR EDO]DTXLDQR 6LQK{ H[LVWH GHVGH D pSRFD GH 7RPp GH 6RX]D SULPHLUR JRYHUQDGRU
JHUDO GR %UDVLO H SRVVLYHOPHQWHVHXH[DOXQR$ILJXUDGRSRSXODUDWOHWDpLPSUHVVLRQDQWH
'HFRQVWLWXLomRItVLFDLQYXOJDU6LQKR]LQKRpXPGHVVHVKRPHQVTXHDOpPGHVHUDWOHWDWHPR
GRPGHFULDUDWOHWDV´
³$JHQRU6DPSDLRRSRSXODU6LQKR]LQKRODQoDXPGHVDILRDRVSXSLORVGRSURIHVVRU%LPED´
*D]HWD(VSRUWLYD2EVHUYDomRHPIXQomRGRGHVDILRIRUDPUHDOL]DGDVGXDVOXWDVRV
DOXQRVGH6LQKR]LQKR/XL]&LUDQGDH5XGROI+HUPDQQ\YHQFHUDPDVGXDV
6LQKR]LQKRGH,SDQHPD'LiULRGH1RWtFLDVDUWLJRHVFULWRSHORSUySULR+HUPDQQ\
³6LQKR]LQKR IRL XP GRV SLRQHLURV GD FXOWXUD ItVLFD H GRV GHVSRUWRV QR 5LR GH -DQHLUR
WHQGR WDPEpP SDUDGR[DOPHQWH VLGR XP JUDQGH ERrPLR GR LQtFLR GHVWH VpFXOR 6XDV
SURH]DV GH IRUoD H GHVWUH]D IRUPDP OHQGD QD KLVWyULD GHVWD FLGDGH H DLQGD HVWmR YLYRV
PXLWRV GRV TXH R DFRPSDQKDUDP QDV QRLWDGDV TXH LQWUDQTLOL]DYDP DV QRLWHV FDULRFDV GH
HQWmR %RURUy $QWHQRU GD 3UDLD /LQFROQ =HQKD 6LOYLR 3HVVRD %HLMRFD (OLWH VmR DSHQDV
DOJXQVGRVQRPHVTXHIUHTHQWHPHQWHVXUJLDPHPVXDVQDUUDWLYDVSDUWLFLSDQGRGHVLWXDo}HV
LQFUtYHLV 1DVFLGR HP 6DQWRV GR TXH PXLWR VH RUJXOKDYD FDQWDYDDVJOyULDVGH6mR3DXOR
PDVQLQJXpPRDUUUHGDYDGR5LR´
´2YHOKR6LQKR]LQKR´GROLYUR±5,2SDUDQmRFKRUDU±GH6pUJLR3HWWH]]RQH
³(ILQDOPHQWHXPDGRYHOKRSUHVHQFLDGDSHORPHXPDQR&DUORV$OEHUWRR%HOLVTXHWH´
(VWDYDPRVGRLVHPXP{QLEXVHPGLUHomRj$FDGHPLDGH6LQK{&RQYHUVDYDPFDOPD
PHQWHTXDQGRQREDQFRGDIUHQWHXPFDUDSX[RXHDFHQGHXFRPDPDLRUWUDQTLOLGDGHXP
FLJDUUR/RQJDVWUDJDGDVHIXPDoDSDUDWRGRRODGR2VSDVVDJHLURVFRPHoDUDPDDEULUDV
VXDVMDQHODVSRLVDIXPDoDMiFRPHoDYDDLUULWDU6LQKR]LQKRLUUHTXLHWRMiQmRWLQKDSRVLomR
HPVHXDVVHQWR(PGDGRPRPHQWROHYDQWDVHSRUWUiVGRIXPDQWHHOKHSHGHXPFLJDUUR2
IXODQRORXFRSDUDJDQKDUXPFRPSDQKHLURIXPDQWHVROLGiULRHPVXDVWUDJDGDVRIHUHFHR
PDoRDRYHOKLQKRDPiYHO
6LQKR]LQKR SHJD R PDoR TXDVH FKHLR DPDVVDR HQWUH RV GHGRV HOH ILFRX IDPRVR
TXDQGRPDWRXFRPXPVRFRXPMHJXHTXHIRUDDWURSHODGRQR$USRDGRUHMD]LDVRIUHQGRQR
DVIDOWRTXHQWHHGL]EDL[LQKRSDUDRMiDSDYRUDGRFLGDGmR
9DLIXPDUQDFDVDGRFDFHWHRXVLPLODU
6HQWRXVHHFRQWLQXRDFRQYHUVDFRPRVHQDGDWLYHVVHDFRQWHFLGR´
(PERUDPXLWRUDSLGDPHQWHWLYHWDPEpPDKRQUDGHFRQKHFHU6LQKR]LQKR(QVLQDYD
XPD FDSRHLUD UHDOPHQWH YLROHQWD DWUDYpVGHXPWUHLQDPHQWRH[WUHPDPHQWHFULDWLYRHVHP
XWLOL]DUR%HULPEDX&HUWDPHQWHSRUHVWDUD]mRQmRH[LVWHQHQKXPDODGDLQKDFDQWDQGRVHXV
IHLWRV 3DUD FRQKHFrORV PHX FDUR 0HVWUH %DUED %UDQFD QmR EDVWDUi XPD ELEOLRWHFD
UHJLRQDOKiTXHVHPHUJXOKDUQD%LEOLRWHFD1DFLRQDO5,2
5,2GHIHYHUHLURGHO
59
20$5&+$17(6$5$'2
2FDSRHLULVWD,UDP&XVWyGLR0DJDOKmHVGHSDVVDJHPSHOR%UDVLOHVWiJDULPSDQGR
LQIRUPDo}HVVREUHD&DSRHLUDQR5LR$QWLJR,UDPMXQWDPHQWHFRPDPXOKHUMRUQDOLVWD$QD
/~FLD SXEOLFD QD )UDQoD R -RUQDO ³ÍÇ´ H SUHVLGH D $VVRFLDWLRQ %UpVLOLHQQH GH &DSRHLUD
&RPELQDPRV SDUD HVWH GRPLQJR XPD FRQYHUVD SDUD TXDO WRPHL D OLEHUGDGH GH FRQYLGDU
PDLV WUrV PHVWUHV $UWXU (PtGLR GH 2OLYHLUD (GYDOGR %DLDQR H 5XL +HQULTXH 2 VHJXQGR
DFRPSDQKDGR GH VXD FRQWUDPHVWUH &KLQD H R WHUFHLUR DFRPSDQKDGR GD FDSRHLULVWD -XOLD
TXH HVWi PDQGLQJXHLUDPHQWH FRVWXUDQGR XP LQWHUHVVDQWH SURMHWR , 7RUQHLR )HPLQLQR GH
&DSRHLUD 3RU XPD IHOL] FRLQFLGrQFLD ViEDGR SDVVDGR UHFHEL GDV PmRV JHQHURVDV GR
MRUQDOLVWD)LFKHO'DYLW&KDUJHOXPDVpULHGHIRWRVUDUDVGRIDPRVR0ROHTXH&LUtDFRH
XPH[HPSODUGD5HYLVWD.26026RXWUDUDULGDGHPDUoRGHOFRPXPDUWLJRGH/LPD
&DPSRVVREUHD&DSRHLUDGHHQWmR
(QWUHPHDQGR R DUWLJR LOXVWUDGR JHQLDOPHQWH SRU &DOL[WR &RUGHLUR /LPD &DPSRV
UHSURGX] R OLQJXDMDU WtSLFR GH XP FDSRHLUD GD pSRFD 8P PRQyORJR TXH OHPEUD PXLWR R
IDPRVRUHFLWDWLYRGH0DQGXFDGD3UDLDGROLYUR1R7HPSRGRV9LFH5HLVGH(GPXQGR/LQV
TXHVHUYLXGHEDVHSDUDXPRXWURDUWLJRSXEOLFDGRUHFHQWHPHQWHSHOR-RUQDOGRV6SRUWV
)LJXUD³$VVXQWDQGR´
7\SRVHXQLIRUPHVGRVDQWLJRV1DJRDVH*XD\P~VVHQGRRVSULQFLSDHVGLVWLQFWLYRVGRV
SULPHLURVFLQWDFRPFRUHVEUDQFDVREUHDHQFDUQDGDHFKDSpRGHDEDEDWLGDSDUDIUHQWHH
GRVVHJXQGRVFRPFRUHVHQFDUQDGDVVREUHDEUDQFDHFKDSpRGHDEDHOHYDGDQDIUHQWH
60
9DOHDSHQDID]HUXPDFRPSDUDomRFRPRYDOHUiWDPEpPUHSURGX]LUDLOXVWUDomRLQLFLDOGH
&DOL[WR &RUGHLUR 1DJRDV H *XD\P~V )LJXUD H D GHVFULomR TXH /LPD &DPSRV HP
UiSLGDVSLQFHODGDVIH]GRVGRLVWLSRVGHFDSRHLUD
9DPRVDJRUDDRIDPRVRHUHDOPHQWHFXULRVRPRQyORJR
)LJXUD$3HQHLUDomR
³1mR WH FRQWR QDGD VHX FRPSDGUH 2 VDPED HVWHYH FXpUpUpFD 1RILP pTXHKRXYHXPD
FKXUXPHOOD GH HVFDFKD 2 &DUD 4XHLPDGD HVWDYD GH VRUWH FRP D 4XLQRWD TXDQGR R
PDUFKDQWHFKHJRX,KVHXFDPDUDGD)RLXPHVWURPStFLR
2 PDUFKDQWH HUD VDUDGR IRL ORJR HQFDURoDQGR D MRoD (X WLYH TXH HQWUDU FRP R
PHXMRJRVLPWXVDEHVTXHQmRYRXQLVVRHDOLHXHVWDYDVHSDUDGRQmRKDYLDFDUDTXH
PHOHYDVVHYDQWDJHP4XDQGRDFRLVDHVWDYDSUHWDHXIXLYHUFRPRHUDS¶UDFRQWDUFRPR
IRLFRPHQWiULRGDFROXQDIUDVHIDEXORVDFRLVDGHFDSRHLUDGHIDWR
&RP SRXFR YL XP FDEUD SHQHLUDQGR QD PLQKD IUHQWH GDQFHL GH YHOKR R W\SR HUD
ERP6DPERXHHQWURXQRFDWHUHWrFRPPLJR
)LJXUD$&RFDGD
61
)L] GXDV FKDPDGDV QRV PDWHULDHV URGDQWHV GH XPD SDOPD VHPSUH FRP RV
PLURQHV JUHODGRV QR PHFFR R FDEUD QmR OHX IL] XP ILJXUDomR SRU FLPD SDUD R EUXWR
IXJLUFRPRFDUmRHJUDPSHHLRLQGLYLGXR&KDPHLRFDEUDQDFKLQFKD
OHYHLDFDYHLUDGHODGRHIXLEXVFDURPDFKLQLVPRPDVWLJDQWHGRSRHWDFRFDGD
2 FDEUD HQJROLR D OLQJXD GDPQRXVH QmR SHUGHX D VFLVPD JDQKRX WHQWR H
FRPSDUHFHXGHQRYR1mRIL]TXHVWmRGRSUHoRGDEDQKD
)LJXUD2&DOoRRXD5DVWHLUD
&DKLQREDKLDQRUHQWHjSRHLUDHODVTXHLOKHXPUDERGHUDLDTXHRPDUUHFRYR{XQD
DOHJULDGRWRPERLQGRDPDUURWDUDWDPSDGRMXL]RQ¶XPDFDQDVWUDHDKLJULWHL (QWUD
QHJUDGD2WXUXQDHQIHLWRXVHRXWUDYH]2KFDEUDFDWXED
)LJXUD$/DPSDULQD
*ULPSHL SHUGL DHVWULEHLUDFRFHLPHGHLGHPmRQDEDUEHLUDHLDVDSHFDUOKHXPUDER
GHJDOORTXDQGRRFDEUDFDVFRXPHXPDODPSDULQDTXHHXYLYHUPHOKR
62
)LJXUD0HWHUR$QGDQWH
$KLQmRFRQYHUVHLJUXGHLQDSDUHGHHVFRUHLRWURQFRHPHWLOKHRDQGDQWHQDFDL[DGD
FRPLGD 2 GUpFR ELVSDQGR TXH HX QmR HUD SHFFR FKDPRX QD FDQQHOD TXH VL EHP FRUUH
HVWiPXLWRORQJH
(XYROWHLS¶URVDPEDJDUJDWHDQGR
0HX'HXVTXHQRLWHVRQRURVD
5,2GHPDUoRGHO
63
25$d2'$&$32(,5$
8PD SUHFLRVLGDGH FRP YHUV}HV HVPHUDGDV SDUD R IUDQFrV LQJOrV H HVSDQKRO
4XDQWRPDLVPHUJXOKRQRSDVVDGRGDFDSRHLUDPDLVLPSUHVVLRQDGRILFRFRPRVHVWXGLRVRV
GHDOJXPDVGpFDGDVDWUiV2DXWRU
2UDomR SURIHVVRU ,QH]LO 3HQQD
0DULQKR DOpP GH VyOLGD H GLYHUVL
ILFDGD IRUPDomR XQLYHUVLWiULD SRV
VXtD VHP G~YLGD DOJXPD XPD VHQ
VLELOLGDGH H[WUDRUGLQiULD SDUD HQWHQ
GHU D FXOWXUD SRSXODU EUDVLOHLUD 'Dt
DH[FHOrQFLDGRVHVWXGRVTXHGHL[RX
DUHVSHLWRHVSHFLDOPHQWHVREUHXPD
*LQiVWLFD 1DFLRQDO %UDVLOHLUD WRGD
IXQGDPHQWDGDQD&DSRHLUD
8PD YLVmR QDFLRQDOLVWD
PDVVHPSHUGHUGHYLVWDRSRWHQFLDO
GDFDSRHLUDHPWHUPRVGH³YROWDGR
PXQGR´ 1mR WHQKR G~YLGD XP
EHOR GLD YHUHPRV QmR DSHQDV R %UDVLO PDV WRGR PXQGR HP FRQMXQWR WDOYH] DWp QXPD
ROLPStDGDUH]DQGRD2UDomRGD&DSRHLUD9DPRVDHODSULPHLURHPSRUWXJXrVGHSRLVQDV
GHPDLVOtQJXDV
³6LQWRTXHGDVSURIXQGH]DVGHPHXVHUEURWDXPQRYRDQVHLRGHH[SUHVVmR
FRUSRUDOFRPRVHPLQK¶DOPDVHOLEHUWDVVHGHVpFXORVGHRSUHVVmR1mRPDLVVHUHLREULJDGRD
UHSHWLU JHVWRV WtSLFRV GD PDQLIHVWDomR FXOWXUDO GH RXWURV SRYRV GLVWDQWHV (X FRQVHJXL PH
OLEHUWDU GDTXHOHV ULWPRV TXH PH DWRUPHQWDYDP GHVFRPSDVVDQGR PHXV PRYLPHQWRV
VXIRFDQGR D VHQVLELOLGDGH PXVLFDO GH PHXV DQFHVWUDLV (X PH HQFRQWUHL ILQDOPHQWH FRP R
PHX SUySULR ULWPR JUDoDV DR TXDO HX PH OLEHUR GH DWiYLFDV UHSUHVV}HV H SRVVR H[SULPLU
PHXVVHQWLPHQWRVPLQKDVHVSHUDQoDVPLQKDVLGpLDVPLQKDVTXLPHUDVPHXVLGHDLV$JRUD
HX VRX OLYUH 5HVSHLWR D JLQiVWLFD GH WRGRV RV SRYRV GR PXQGR PDV QHFHVVLWR GHVHMR H
TXHURUHDOL]DUDPLQKDSUySULDJLQiVWLFDD*,1È67,&$%5$6,/(,5$´
³)URPGHLQQHUGHSWKVRIP\EHLQJDULVHVDQHZFUDYLQJIRUFRUSRUDO
H[SUHVVLRQ DV LI P\ VRXO KDG HVFDSHG IURP FHQWXULHV RI RSSUHVVLRQ , VKDOO QR
ORQJHUEHFRPSHOOHGWRUHSHDWWKHW\SLFDOJHVWXUHVRIFXOWXUDODIILUPDWLRQRIRWKHU
QDWLRQV , KDYH VXFFHHGHG LQ IUHHLQJ P\VHOI IURP WKRVH UK\WKPV WKDW REVHVVHG
PH XS VHW WKH EDODQFH RI P\ PRYHPHQWV DQG VXSSUHVVHG WKH PXVLFDOLW\ RI P\
IRUHEHDUV$WODVW,EHFDPHDZDUHRIP\RZQUK\WKPZKLFKKHOSHGPHFDVWRII
DJHROG LQKLELWLRQV DQG DOORZHG PH WR JLYH IUHH UHLQ WR P\ IHHOLQJV KRSHV
WKRXJKWVDQGLGHDOV1RZ,DPIUHH,SURIRXQGO\UHVSHFWWKHSK\VLFDOFXOWXUHRI
RWKHUQDWLRQVEXW,QHHGZDQWDQGPXVWSHUIRUPP\RZQWKH%5$=,/,$1
*<01$67,&6´
³-HVHQVTXHGDQVOHVSURIXQGHXUVGHPRQrWUHMDLOOLWXQQRXYHDXGpVLU
G¶H[SUHVVLRQ FXOWXUHOOH FRPR VL SDU KDVDUG PRQ iPH VH OLEHUWDLW GHV VLqFOHV
G¶RSUHVVLRQ
-H QH VHUDLV SOXV REOLJp GH UpSpWHU GHV JHVWHV W\SLTXHV GH OD
PDQLIHVWDWLRQG¶DXWUHVSHXSOHVORLQWDLQV-¶DLUHXVVLPHGpOLYUHUGHVU\WKPHVTXH
64
PH WRXUPHQWDLHQW TXH GpUpJODLHQW PHV PRXYHPHQWV pWRXIIDQW OD VHQVLELOLWp
PXVLFDOH GH PHV DQFrWUHV -H PH VXLV UHQFRQWUp ILQDOHPHQW DYHF PRQ YUDLH
U\WKPH JUkFH DXTXHO MH PH OLEqUH GHV UpSUHVVLRQV DWDYLTXHV HWJUkFH DXTXHO MH
SHX[H[SULPHUPHVVHQWLPHQWVPHVHVSRLUVPrVLGpHVPrVFKLPpUHVPrVLGHDX
0DLQWHQDQWMHVXLVOLEUH
-¶HSURXYHXQJUDQGUHVSHFWSRXUODJ\PQDVWLTXHGHWRXVOHVSHXSOHV
GXPRQGHPDLVpYLGHPPHQWM¶DtEHVRLQHWMHWLHQVjUpDOLVHUPDJ\PQDVWLTXH
F
HVWjGLUHOD*<01$67,48(%5Ê6,/,(11(´
³6LHQWRTXHGHORPiVSURIXQGRGHPLVHUEURWDXQQXHYRGHVHRGH
H[SUHVLyQFRUSRUDOFRPRVLPLDOPDVHOLEHUWDVHGHVLJORVGHRSUHVLyQ1RVHUp
PiV REOLJDGR D UHSHWLU JHVWRV WtSLFRV GH PDQLIHVWDFLRQHV FXOWXUDOHV GH RWURV
SXHEORV GLVWDQWHV <i FRQVHJXL OLEUDUPH GH DTXHOORV UtWPRV TXH PH
DWRUPHQWDEDQ GHVFRPSDVDQGR PLV PRYLPLHQWRV VRIRFDQGR OD VHQVLELOLGDG
PXVLFDO GH PLV DQWHSDVDGRV <R PH HQFRQWUp ILQDOPHQWH FRQ PL SURSLRULWPR
JUDFLDV DO FXDO PH OLEUR GH DWiYLFDV UHSUHVLRQHV H SXHGR H[SULPLU PLV
VHQWLPLHQWRVPLVHVSHUDQ]DVPLVLGHDVPLVTXLPHUDVPLVLGHDOHV
$KRUD\RVR\OLEUH
5HVSHFWR OD JLPQDVLD GH WRGRV GRV SXHEORV GHO PXQGR SHUR
QHFHVLWRGHVHR\TXLHURUHDOL]DUPLSURSLDJLPQDVLDOD*,01È6,$%5$6,/(f$´
&RQFRUGRKiXPD³SHTXHQD´LQFRQJUXrQFLDLPSOtFLWDSDUDTXHDVYHUV}HVVH
DRUDomRpH[FOXVLYDPHQWHYHUGHDPDUHOD"2UDGDVGXDVXPDRXRDXWRUSHQVRXQDOHJLmR
GHFDSRHLULVWDVTXHHVWmRFUHVFHQWHPHQWHSUHIHULQGRYLYHUQRH[WHULRURXRDXWRUDQWHYLX
R VXFHVVR PXQGLDO GD FDSRHLUD VXSODQWDQGR WRGDV DV GHPDLV JLQiVWLFDV GR PXQGR
H[FHVVLYDPHQWHGLVFLSOLQDGDVHVHPPDQGLQJD(PPHXSUy[LPROLYURFRPWRGRUHVSHLWRDR
H[WUDRUGLQiULR WDOHQWR GR 3URIHVVRU ,QH]LO 3HQQD 0DULQKR DSUHVHQWR XPD VROXomR
DOWHUQDWLYDPDLVHFXPrQLFDHDWLQJLQGRSRULJXDODWRGRVRVSUDWLFDQWHVGHFDSRHLUDGR
PXQGR2XVHMDDOpPGR³MXVVROLV´HGR³MXVVDQJXLQHV´WHUHPRVR³MXVFDSRHLUDV´
5,2GHPDUoRGHO
65
*263(/1$58$
(VWRXFKHJDQGRPDLVXPDYH]GRV(VWDGRV8QLGRVGH0DQKDWWDQ
(PDLVXPDYH]FRPRWRGRPXQGRFRQVHJXLUHDOL]DUGRSODQHMDGR
3RLV VH WUDWD GH XPD LOKD HQFDQWDGD RQGH DRV GRPLQJRV GHSRLV GH XP *RVSHO ³QD
,JUHMD GR 1HOVRQ 0RWWD´ H GH XP DOPRoR VRXOIRRG QR 6\OYLDV¶V WDPEpP QR +DUOHP
XSWRZQ UHJLVWUR HVSHFLDO SDUD H[FHOHQWH FDQWRUD 5XWK 6LPRQVHQ p SRVVtYHO DVVLVWLU QD
RXWUDSRQWDGDLOKDQD5XDFRP$YHQLGDGRZQWRZQDXP*RVSHOEUDVLOHLUR5HILUR
PHDRH[WUDRUGLQiULRWUDEDOKRTXH0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGHYHPUHDOL]DQGRQRV(VWDGRV8QLGRV
GLYXOJDQGR XP GRV PDLV IDVFLQDQWHV VHJPHQWRV GD FXOWXUD SRSXODU EUDVLOHLUD D &DSRHLUD
$QJROD
&ODURGXUDQWHDVHPDQDWHQWDVHID]HUR³UHVWR´PXVLFDLVGD%URDGZD\LQFOXLQGRVH
DtPRWLYRyEYLRR%DOp)ROFOyULFRGD%DKLDQR &LW\&HQWHUPXVHXVJDOHULDV VLJKWVHHLQJV
6R+R&KLQDWRZQ7ULEHFD6HDSRUW*UHHQZLFK9LOODJH%OXH1RWH&RWWRQ&OXE&HQWUDO3DUN
OLEUDULHV ERRNVWRUHV /LQFROQ &HQWHU 1HZ <RUN &LW\ 2SHUD /D %RKqPH 0HWURSROLWDQ
2SHUD0DGDPH%XWWHUIO\5RFNHIHOOHU&HQWHU(VWiWXDGD/LEHUGDGH(PSLUH6WDWH%XLOGLQJ
&RQVXODGR *HUDO GR %UDVLO ³1LWHUyL´ 1HZ -HUVH\ HWF H QDWXUDOPHQWH D IDPRVD 5XD /LWWOH%UD]LO
1DGDSRUpPSRGHVHUFRPSDUDGRFRPDHPRomRGHQXPPHVPRGLDSDUWLFLSDUGH
XP *RVSHO QR +DUOHP H GH XPD DXWrQWLFD H H[HPSODU 5RGD GH &DSRHLUD FRPDQGDGD SRU
-RmR*UDQGHGRFWRURIKXPDQHOHWWHUVSHOR8SVDOD&ROOHJHWtWXORSLRQHLURQRPXQGRGD
&DSRHLUD UHFHELGR HP 'pFDGDV DWUiV R -RUQDO GRV 6SRUWV H ORJR GHSRLV R
3DVTXLP SXEOLFDUDP XP UHVXPR GH XPD SHVTXLVD TXH IL] FRPSDUDQGR R -D]] FRP D
&DSRHLUD 3HOD SULPHLUD YH] DERUGHL R WHPD GD LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR GH XPD FXOWXUD SRSXODU
ID]HQGRXPSDUDOHORFRPIHQ{PHQRVHPHOKDQWH³VRIULGR´SHODP~VLFDGHMD]]7UDQVIRUPHL
R PRWH HP OLYUR H SDUWL SDUD QHJRFLiOR QRV (VWDGRV 8QLGRV R TXH PH REULJRX D SDU GD
SHUHJULQDomR UHVXPLGD DFLPD YLVLWDU DOJXQV HGLWRUHV H DV XQLYHUVLGDGHV GH &RO~PELD H GH
66
1RYD <RUN 2 TXH HQFRQWUHL PDLV XPD YH] FRPSURYRX D FUHVFHQWH LPSRUWkQFLD GR WHPD
3DUDR%UDVLOHSDUDRUHVWRPXQGR
'H YROWD DR 5LR HQFRQWUR FDUWDV ID[HV H HPDLOV FDUUHJDGRV GH SUHFLRVDV LQIRUPDo}HV
H[DWDPHQWHVREUHHVWHWHPD$GPLQLVWUDomRGD&DSRHLUD
(P ORQJD FRPSHWHQWH H JHQHURVD FDUWD 0HVWUH &DUORV 6HQQD %DKLD WHQWD UHVXPLU FRPUHODWLYRVXFHVVRVHXLPHQVRDPRUHVDEHUSHODDUWHEUDVLOHLUDGDFDSRHLUDJHP9LD
ID[0HVWUH6DQWDQDGH6mR3DXORHQYLDXPDFLUFXODUFRPRVHX3URMHWR8QLmR1DFLRQDOGD
&DSRHLUD 3HOD ,QWHUQHW UHFHER VXJHVW}HV H SHGLGRV GH LQIRUPDo}HV VREUH RV UXPRV GD
FDSRHLUD"
'DVGLYHUVDVLQIRUPDo}HVHUHFDGRVVHPG~YLGDDSURSRVWDFRQFUHWDDSUHVHQWDGD
SHOR 0HVWUH 6DQWDQD H[LJH SULRULGDGH 3RLV HP WHVH pXPERPH[HPSORDVYHUGDGHLUDV
OLGHUDQoDVGDFDSRHLUDGHYHPDGHULURXDSUHVHQWDUSURMHWRVDOWHUQDWLYRV
(P UHVXPR R SURMHWR GR 0HVWUH 6DQWDQD SUHWHQGH UHVROYHU RV SUREOHPDV GD
&DSRHLUD DWUDYpV GH XPD UHSUHVHQWDomR SROtWLFD IRUWH 6DQWDQD SUXGHQWH H
GHPRFUDWLFDPHQWH HVWiHQYLDQGR
XPD FLUFXODU D WRGDV DV OLGHUDQoDV
SHGLQGR DSRLR H VXJHVW}HV SDUD R
SURMHWR 6XSRQKR TXH 0HVWUH
6DQWDQD WHQKD HQYLDGR XPD FySLD
WDPEpP SDUD R 0LQLVWpULR
([WUDRUGLQiULR GRV (VSRUWHV e R
TXH RV GHPDLV PHVWUHV H
HVWXGLRVRV TXH WHQKDP DOJXPD
SURSRVWD FRQFUHWD GHYHP ID]HU
3RLV QmR WHQKR G~YLGD R 6HQKRU
0LQLVWUR
([WUDRUGLQiULR
GRV
(VSRUWHV QmR QHJDUi DSRLR D XP
SURMHWR TXH XQD RV FDSRHLUDV H
HQREUHoD HP WHUPRV D
&DSRHLUD
3RU RXWUR ODGR QmR SRVVR
GHL[DU GH UHJLVWUDU PLQKD RSLQLmR
SHVVRDO VREUH R SURMHWR HP
TXHVWmR VRX FRQWUD $ ULJRU D
&DSRHLUD QmR SUHFLVD WDQWR GH XP
0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGH1RYD<RUN
YHUHDGRU ³HVSHFLDOLVWD´ HP FDGD
FkPDUDPXQLFLSDOGHXPGHSXWDGR
HVWDGXDO HP FDGD DVVHPEOpLD OHJLVODWLYD GH XP GHSXWDGR IHGHUDO RX GH XP VHQDGRU QR
&RQJUHVVR1DFLRQDO6LPSOHVPHQWHSRUTXHQmRVHUiDSHQDVXPDOHLPXQLFLSDOHVWDGXDO
RXIHGHUDOTXHUHVROYHUiVHXVSUREOHPDV
,QVLVWR TXH R SUREOHPD GD &DSRHLUD RX PHOKRU R SUREOHPD GR FDSRHLUD p
JHUHQFLDOHH[LVWHQFLDO$JUDQGHPDLRULDGRVPHVWUHVQmRWHPDPHQRULGpLDGRTXHVHMD
DGPLQLVWUDU R SUySULR WDOHQWR H R SUySULR EULOKR -RmR *UDQGH VDEH 3DUD FRPHoDU QD
DFDGHPLDGH0HVWUH-RmRYHMDPTXHEHODOLomRRVDOXQRVHRVYLVLWDQWHVQHVWDRUGHP
VmRRVTXHEULOKDP
4XDQWDFRPSHWrQFLDHVDEHGRULD
6HULDSRVVtYHODWUDYpVGHOHLJDUDQWLUFRPSHWrQFLDHVDEHGRULDSDUDWRGRV"
5L2'($%5,/'(
67
6,1',&$72'26&$32(,5$6
$ IDVFLQDQWH +LVWyULD GD &DSRHLUD DVVLP FRPR D QmR PHQRV IDVFLQDQWH +LVWyULD GR 0XQGR
MDPDLVVHUmRWRWDOPHQWHFRQKHFLGDV$ILQDOD+LVWyULDYLDGHUHJUDpHVFULWDSHORYLWRULRVR
QmR FDEHQGR DR GHUURWDGR jV YH]HV GHUURWDGR LQMXVWDPHQWH LQFOXLU TXDOTXHU WLSR GH
FRPHQWiULR 7DPSRXFR RV KLVWRULDGRUHV FRP UDUDV H[FHo}HV HVWmR OLYUHV GD WHQWDomR GH
RSWDUPXLWDVYH]HVSRUXPDYHUVmRSRUXPDLQWHUSUHWDomRGD+LVWyULDPDLVFRPSDWtYHO
FRPRVYDORUHVpWLFRVRXYDORUHVPHQRVQREUHVTXHSHVVRDOPHQWHGHIHQGHP
9DL GDt UHOHYHP D UHSHWLomR D +LVWyULD GD QRVVD IDVFLQDQWH $UWH %UDVLOHLUD GD
&DSRHLUDJHPMDPDLVVHUiSOHQDPHQWHFRQWDGD2TXHQmROKHWLUDRPpULWRQHPWDPSRXFR
R PpULWR GH DOJXPDV WHQWDWLYDV QmR GH WRGDV TXH IRUDP RX HVWmR VHQGR IHLWDV FRP R
REMHWLYR GH UHVJDWDU R VHX SDVVDGR DSUHFLDU R VHX SUHVHQWH H UHIOHWLU VREUH R VHX IXWXUR
(VWH IRL R REMHWLYR GR PHX SULPHLUR OLYUR H VHUi R GR VHJXQGR 6HPSUH FRP PXLWR
HQWXVLDVPR FRP PXLWD KXPLOGDGH H VREUHWXGR FRQWDQGR FRP D DMXGD GH WRGRV
HVSHFLDOPHQWH PHVWUHV H HVWXGLRVRV EUDVLOHLURV RX QmR 3DUD WDQWR HVWRX HP FRQWDWR
SHUPDQHQWHLQFOXVLYHDWUDYpVGD,17(51(7FRPXQLFDomRGLUHWDVHPLQWHUPHGLiULRVFRP
XPFRQVLGHUiYHOQ~PHURGHH[FHOHQWHVFDSRHLULVWDVHSHVTXLVDGRUHV
2UHFpPFULDGR6LQGLFDWRGRV&DSRHLUDVpVHPG~YLGDXPERPH[HPSOR
'H6mR3DXOR3DXOR*RPHVWDOHQWRVRHEDWDOKDGRU0HVWUHGH&DSRHLUDHQYLDXPH
PDLOFRPXQLFDQGRVXDFULDomRFXULRVDPHQWHQR5LR*UDQGHGR6XO$OJXQVRXWURVPHVWUHV
H RUJDQL]Do}HV HVWDYDP HQJDWLQKDQGR QHVWD GLUHomR R 6XO VDLX QD IUHQWH H FRQVHJXLX
PDWHULDOL]DU D LGpLD (QWXVLDVPDGR PDV FRP D GHYLGDFDXWHOD0HVWUH%RJDGRWHOHIRQDGH
1LWHUyL SDUD FRQILUPDU D QRWtFLD H ID]HU D SHUJXQWD TXH GHYH HVWDU QD FDEHoD GH WRGR
FDSRHLULVWD³$ILQDOFRPRGHYHUiIXQFLRQDU
HVWHVLQGLFDWR´"
([FHOHQWH SHUJXQWD HVSHFLDOPHQWH
QXP PRPHQWR HP TXH R VLQGLFDOLVPR HVWi
SDVVDQGR SRU XPD SURIXQGD UHDSUHFLDomR
2UD R SULQFLSDO REMHWLYR GH XP VLQGLFDWR p
GHIHQGHU RV LQWHUHVVHV SURILVVLRQDLV GH
VHXV VLQGLFDOL]DGRV 2 TXH QRV OHYD GH
VDtGD D GXDV FRQVLGHUDo}HV GH
IXQGDPHQWDO LPSRUWkQFLD 4XDQWR PDLRU
RQ~PHURGHVLQGLFDOL]DGRVPDLRUDIRUoD
ILQDQFHLUD H SROtWLFD GR VLQGLFDWR 2
UHFpPFULDGR SLRQHLUR VLQGLFDWR GRV
FDSRHLUDVGHYHUiSRUWDQWRDUUHJLPHQWDUR
PDLRUQ~PHURSRVVtYHOGHFDSRHLUDV2TXH
QRV OHYD j VHJXQGD UHIOH[mR 4XDQWRV
PHVWUHV GH FDSRHLUD HVWmR WUDEDOKDQGR
FRPR DXW{QRPRV RX HPSUHJDGRV FRP D
FDUWHLUDDVVLQDGD"
&ODUR WDLV FRQVLGHUDo}HV LQLFLDLV
GHViJXDP QXP RFHDQR PDQGLQJXHLUR GH
Paulo Gomes, um mestre de verdade
QRYDV FRQVLGHUDo}HV ³R TXH YHP D VHU
DWXDOPHQWH XP ³PHVWUH GH FDSRHLUD´"
4XHP DILQDO SRGHUi OHJLWLPDU D RXWRUJD GH XP WtWXOR GH PHVWUH" &RPR XQLILFDU RX FRPR
FRQYLYHU FRP D DWXDO 7RUUH GH %DEHO GD KLHUDUTXLD FDSRHLUtVWLFD FRUGHO FRUGD FRUGmR ILWD
HWF" ( TXDQWR j pWLFD FDSRHLULVWD H GD SUySULD VRFLHGDGH" $OJXQV ³MRUQDLV´ HVSHFLDOL]DGRV
DSHQDV SDUD GDU XP H[HPSOR SRU FRQLYrQFLD RX GHVSUHSDUR HVWmR DGRWDQGR PpWRGRV
68
³MRUQDOtVWLFRV´ FRQGHQiYHLV LPSUHQVD PDUURP &RUUHQGR ULVFR DWp GH VRIUHU SHQDOLGDGHV
OHJDLV2XVHMDRTXHSRGHULDGHYHULDGLJQLILFDUDFDSRHLUDHVSHFLDOPHQWHSDUDRHYHQWXDO
OHLWRU QmRFDSRHLULVWD SDVVD D GHQHJULOD -i QmR VHULD KRUD GH R PHVWUH GH FDSRHLUD
DSUHQGHUDHORJLDURHORJLiYHOHDFDODUHPUHODomRDRTXHOKHSDUHoDFRQGHQiYHO"
2X TXH SHOR PHQRV DSUHQGD D FRQWHVWDU GH PDQHLUD FLYLOL]DGD LQWHOLJHQWH H
FRUDMRVD DVVLQDQGR R SUySULR QRPH QDV DFXVDo}HV TXH SHGH SDUD SXEOLFDU (VWH QRYR
VLQGLFDWR H DV UHIOH[}HV GHFRUUHQWHV SRGHP H GHYHP VHU DQDOLVDGRV HP WRGD H TXDOTXHU
UHXQLmRGHFDSRHLUDV
'LJRPDLVVHPSDWHUQDOLVPRRXGHPDJRJLDHVWiPDLVGRTXHQDKRUDGHRJRYHUQR
SUHVWDU XPD LQHVWLPiYHO FRQWULEXLomR D HVWH ODPHQWiYHO PDV LQH[RUiYHO SURFHVVR GH
LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomRGD&DSRHLUD0DVTXHILTXHFODURWDLVUHIOH[}HVSUySULDVGHVHPLQiULRV
QmR GHYHP HQWUDU QXPD 5RGD GH &DSRHLUD SRLV QXPD ³YROWD GR PXQGR´ D FRQYHUVD FHGH
OXJDUDRWDOHQWRPXVLFDOJHVWXDOHFRUSRUDO7DOHQWRTXHSDUDPLQKDVXUSUHVDHVDWLVIDomR
HVWi VRIUHQGR XPD UHQRYDomR TXDVH PLODJURVD RQGH D FULDWLYLGDGH D HVSRQWDQHLGDGH D
REMHWLYLGDGHHRUHVSHLWRjWUDGLomRHVWmRVHQGRUHYLJRUDGRV
5,2GHMXOKRGH
69
80(1&2175248(3520(7(
4XDQGR GpFDGDV DWUiV HVFUHYL D SULPHLUD YHUVmR GR HVWXGR ³2
(PEUDQTXHFLPHQWRGD&DSRHLUD´QmRSRGHULDMDPDLVVXVSHLWDUTXHHVWDYDSRQGRRGHGRQD
SDUWH PDLV VHQVtYHO GHVWH SURFHVVR GH LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR TXH YHP VRIUHQGR D QRVVD DUWH
DIUREUDVLOHLUD GD FDSRHLUDJHP 1DGD PXGRX GH PLQKD WHVH LQLFLDO VDOYR XPD OLJHLUD
LQMXVWLoD QR HPSUHJR GD SDODYUD ³HPEUDQTXHFLPHQWR´ SRLV SDUD VH HQWHQGHU PHOKRU R
IHQ{PHQRVHUiPDLVDGHTXDGRVXEVWLWXtODSRU³DEXUJXHVDPHQWR´
8PQ~PHURVHPSUHFUHVFHQWHGHHQFRQWURVVHPLQiULRVVLPSyVLRVSHODVDJHQGDV
TXDQGR H[LVWHP TXH DSUHVHQWDP H VREUHWXGR SHOD IDOWD GH UHVXOWDGRV FRQFUHWRV
FRPSURYDPDH[LVWrQFLDGRIHQ{PHQRHGHVXDVSDWRORJLDVLQHUHQWHV,QWHUHVVHVFRPHUFLDLV
HYDLGDGHVSHVVRDLVHVWmRSRWHQFLDOL]DQGRHVWHIODJUDQWHGHVDVWUH&DGDYH]PDLVGLVFXWH
VH R PHQRV LPSRUWDQWH SRU H[HPSOR XPD ORQJD H FRPSOLFDGD KLHUDUTXLD VLPEROL]DGD RUD
SRUFRUGpLVRUDSRUFRUG}HVRUDSRUFRUGDVRUDSRUILWDV)ROKHDQGRDVSiJLQDVVLWHVGD
,17(51(7FKHJDVHjPHVPDFRQFOXVmRXPDWHQWDWLYDSDWpWLFDHVXVSHLWDGHUHFRQWDUD
FDSRHLUDGDQGRXPFRUWHQRVHXSDVVDGRHOHJHQGRVHXPVtPERORQHJURHGDtSDUDIUHQWH
HPEUDQTXHFHQGRDGHYH]
(VWHpDSDUHQWHPHQWHRTXDGURJHUDO2OKDQGRVHHQWUHWDQWRFRPPDLVFXLGDGR
FRP PDLV DWHQomR VHUi SRVVtYHO SHUFHEHU XP YHUGDGHLUR PLODJUH 8P PLODJUH TXH QmR
WHQKR G~YLGD WHYH LQtFLR GH IRUD SDUD GHQWUR GR H[WHULRU SDUD DV URGDV GH FDSRHLUD QR
%UDVLO D GHVFREHUWD ³Oi IRUD´ QRV (VWDGRV 8QLGRV H QD (XURSD GD IDVFLQDQWH &DSRHLUD
$QJROD$H[SOLFDomRDJRUDPXLWRIiFLOGHHQWHQGHUpTXHRSULPHLURPXQGRVHPSUREOHPD
GH VWDWXV VRFLDO FRPR R QRVVR FRPHoRX D SUHIHULU R GLDPDQWH SXUR DR GLDPDQWH
DEXUJXHVDGR $Wp SRUTXH R GLDPDQWH DEXUJXHVDGR YHQGLGR FRPR PDLV FRPSOHWR PDLV
HILFD] FRPR DUWH PDUFLDO MDPDLV GHX SURYDV FDEDLV H GHILQLWLYDV VREUH WDLV TXDOLGDGHV
7DLV UHIOH[}HV DIORUDP HP IXQomR GH XPD FDUWD TXH HVWRX UHFHEHQGR GD ,QWHUQDWLRQDO
&DSRHLUD$QJROD)RXQGDWLRQVHGHHP:DVKLQJWRQ'&86$RQGHVHXSUHVLGHQWH&HQpVLR
)HOLFLDQR 3HoDQKD 0HVWUH &REUD 0DQVD FRPXQLFD D UHDOL]DomR GR ,,, (QFRQWUR ,QWHU
QDFLRQDO GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD DJRVWR %DKLD IRUPXOD XP JHQWLO FRQYLWH GH SDUWLFLSDomR H
DGLDQWD D SUHVHQoD GH QRPHV H[SUHVVLYRV FRPR RV GRV GRXWRUHV 5REHUW )DUULV 7KRPSVRQ
.HQQHWK'RVVDUH%XQVHNL)X.LDX
1mR SRU FRLQFLGrQFLD YLD HPDLO 0HVWUH %LUD $FRUGHRQ UDGLFDGR QD &DOLIyUQLD
XP GRV PHOKRUHV DOXQRV GR IDPRVR H VDXGRVR 0HVWUH %LPED FRPXQLFD TXH DJHQGRX VXD
YLDJHPDR%UDVLODFRPSDQKDGRGHYLQWHDOXQRVMXVWDPHQWHQRSHUtRGRGR(QFRQWUR0HVPR
70
DVVLP SDUD R SOHQR r[LWR GR HYHQWR FRQVLGHUR GH IXQGDPHQWDO LPSRUWkQFLD R DSRLR HP
6DOYDGRU GH HQWLGDGHV FRPR D $VVRFLDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD H R &HQWUR GH
(VWXGRV$IUR2ULHQWDLVGD8QLYHUVLGDGHGD%DKLD9DOHQGROHPEUDUSRUVHUH[WUHPDPHQWH
RSRUWXQRTXHR&($2HVWDUiSURPRYHQGRGHDGHDJRVWRRVHX9&RQJUHVVR$IUR
%UDVLOHLUR8PHYHQWRVpULRFRQVHTHQWHVHPSUHHQULTXHFHGRUSHULyGLFRHMiFRQVROLGDGR
)HOL]PHQWHWDPEpPSRUHPDLOR6HQKRU&HQpVLRFRQILUPDJHVW}HVQHVWHVHQWLGRHDLQGD
DFUHVFHQWDDSRVVLELOLGDGHGDSUHVHQoDGH0HVWUH3HGUR7ULQGDGH0RUDHVVHPG~YLGDSHoD
SLRQHLUD GH VXPD LPSRUWkQFLD QHVWH SURFHVVR GH UHFRQKHFLPHQWR GD &DSRHLUD $QJROD SHOR
UHVWRGRPXQGReUHDOPHQWHR(QFRQWURSURPHWH
(TXHQmRHVTXHoDPGHLQFOXLUQDVSDOHVWUDVHGLVFXVV}HVVHSRVVtYHOHPFRQMXQWR
FRPR&RQJUHVVR$IUREUDVLOHLURRWHPD³EOXHQRWHQD&DSRHLUD´
5LRGHMXOKRGH
71
0(675(&$,d$5$
/RQJDV GpFDGDV DWUiV SUHRFXSDGR FRP RV FUHVFHQWHV SHGLGRV SDUD FRPSDUDU D
&DSRHLUD FRP DV GHPDLV OXWDV DSURYHLWDQGR XPD GH PLQKDV YLVLWDV D 6DOYDGRU SDVVHL R
SUREOHPDSDUDR0HVWUH&DLoDUDQDIRWRFRPSDUWHGHVXDVLPSiWLFDIDPtOLD
³&DGDTXDOQRVHXFDGDTXDOÚHWUXFRXHOHJHQLDOPHQWHHOLPLQDQGRGHYH]RIDOVR
SUREOHPD
3RXFR GHSRLV HP 6mR 3DXOR
DFRQWHFHXRXWUDDLQGDPHOKRU&RQYLGDGRSRU
XP H[DOXQR VHX SDUD GDU XPD ³YROWD GR
0XQGR´ &DLoDUD QRWRX TXH R ³JDURWR HVWDYD
MRJDQGRFRPXPFHUWRDWUHYLPHQWRÍRLRTXH
EDVWRX SDUD R PHVWUH GDU XPD FDEHFHLUD
FDEHoDGD GHVFRQFHUWDQWH MRJDQGR VHX H[
GLVFtSXOR IRUD GD URGD H DSURYHLWDQGR PDLV
XPDYH]SDUDSURIHVVRUDU³5RXSDGHKRPHP
QmR Gi HP PHQLQR HVVHV PHQLQRV GH KRMH
PDOVDEHPVROHWUDUMiSHQVDPTXHVDEHPOHU´
0DLV DGLDQWH DTXL QR 5LR FRQYLGHL &DLoDUD SDUD XPD ORQJD HQWUHYLVWD QD 5iGLR
5DTXHWH 3LQWR RQGH HQWmR HX SURGX]LD H DSUHVHQWDYD R SURJUDPD ³5RGD GH &DSRHLUD´
3DUWLFLSDUDP GR SURJUDPD FRP EULOKDQWLVPR H FRPR WHVWHPXQKD GH GHSRLPHQWRV
PDUFDQWHV RV PHVWUHV 0RUDHVH=p3HGURHGRLVILOKRVGH&DLoDUD0DULYDOGRH$QW{QLR
-RUJH 'HVGH HQWmR YHQKR GLVWULEXLQGR FRP WRWDO VXFHVVR FySLDV GHVWD PHPRUiYHO
HQWUHYLVWDRQGH&DLoDUDPDLVXPDYH]FRPSURYDVXDPDHVWULDLQFOXVLYHFRPRFDQWDGRUGH
FDSRHLUD$ILUPDomRTXHSRGHVHUIDFLOPHQWHFRPSURYDGDSHORVGLVFRVTXHJUDYRX
1HVWDPHVPDpSRFDYLVLWDGH&DLoDUDDR5,2FRPPXLWDKRQUDWUDWHLGHPRVWUDU
DOJXQV SRQWRV WXUtVWLFRV GD FLGDGH WHUPLQDQGR HP XPD GDV QRLWHV QXPD IDPRVD FDVD GH
&DQGRPEOpHP-DFDUHSDJXi0HVPRVDEHQGRGDIRUPDomRUHOLJLRVDGRPHVWUH³IHLWR´HP
/RJXQ(GpSRUVXDPmHGHVDQJXH$GpOLD0DULDGD&RQFHLomRQmRSRGHULDLPDJLQDURTXH
DFRQWHFHX 6LPSOHVPHQWH IRL GDGR D HOH R FRPDQGR GRV WUDEDOKRV WUDEDOKRV HVVHV TXH
QDTXHODQRLWHIRUDPUHDOL]DGRVFRPHVSHFLDOPDJLD
1DGDPDOSDUDTXHPQDMXYHQWXGHPXLWRIRUWHHRXVDGROLPLWDYDVHDFRPDQGDU
DVSULQFLSDLVILJXUDVGHXPDGHWHUPLQDGDiUHDGHPHUHWUtFLRGH6DOYDGRU0DLVWDUGHPHVWUH
GH FDSRHLUD PHVWUH GD SUySULD YLGD H FHUWDPHQWH FRP DV ErQomRV GH WRGRV RUL[iV GD
%DKLD&DLoDUDFRPHoRXDID]HUXPH[HPSODUWUDEDOKRFRPXQLWiULRFRPRVPHQLQRVGHUXD
7HUoDIHLUD GLD UHFHER XP WHOHIRQHPD GH 6DOYDGRU ³&DLoDUD PRUUHX KRMH GH
PDQKm´9LDID[VHPSUHSUHVWDWLYR*LOGR/HPRV&RXWR0HVWUH*LOGR$OILQHWHIRUQHFHPDLV
DOJXQV GDGRV FLUFXQVWDQFLDLV H VREUH D YLGD GR OHJHQGiULR FDSRHLULVWD $QW{QLR &RQFHLomR
0RUDHV0HVWUH&DLoDUDQDVFHXHP&DFKRHLURGH6mR)HOL[QRUHF{QFDYREDLDQRHPGH
PDLR GH O IRL GLVFtSXOR GH $QW{QLR 5XILQR GRV 6DQWRV $EHUUr H HUD PHPEUR GR
&RQVHOKRGH0HVWUHVGD$VVRFLDomR%UDVLOHLUDGH&DSRHLUD$QJROD
7HQKR FHUWH]D TXH QHVWH GRPLQJR WRGDV URGDV GH FDSRHLUD HVWDUmR SUHVWDQGR XPD
H[WUDRUGLQiULDKRPHQDJHPDRYHOKR&DLoDUDWmRH[WUDRUGLQiULDTXDQWRDVXDILJXUDKXPDQD
HRVHXWDOHQWRFRPRXPYHUGDGHLURPHVWUHGD&DSRHLUD$QJROD,Ç
5LRGHDJRVWRGHO
72
92/7$'2081'2
$9LGDFRVWXPRGL]HUpXPDJUDQGHGLXWXUQDHIDVFLQDQWH³YROWD GRPXQGR´
4XHP HQWHQGH DOJXPD FRLVD VREUH D DUWH DIUREUDVLOHLUD GD FDSRHLUDJHP VDEH
SHUIHLWDPHQWHDYDOLDURTXHHVWRXPDLVXPDYH]DILUPDQGR
3RLV PXLWR EHP SDUWR DPDQKm SDUD PDLV XPD YROWD GR PXQGR GHVWD YH]
SDVVDQGR SRU 3RUWXJDO ,WiOLD ,QJODWHUUD H )UDQoD 3RU RQGH SDVVDU HVSHFLDOPHQWH HP
/LVERD HVWDUHL ID]HQGR SUHFLRVRV FRQWDWRV H SHVTXLVDV 3HUFRUUHUHL ELEOLRWHFDV yUJmRV
S~EOLFRVMRUQDLVHQDWXUDOPHQWHQmRDSHQDVHP/LVERDPDVHPWRGDVGHPDLVFDSLWDLVRV
FRPLWrV ROtPSLFRV H DV HPEDL[DGDV EUDVLOHLUDV &RP VRUWH HVWDUHL FRQYHUVDQGR WDPEpP
FRPXPERPQ~PHURGHPHVWUHVGHFDSRHLUD
'R %UDVLO FRPR Mi VH YDL WRUQDQGR XPD VLQWRPiWLFD URWLQD OHYR FDPLVD GH
EDWL]DGRV YHUGDGHLURV UHJLVWURV DPEXODQWHV GD ILORVRILD GD FDSRHLUD /HYR WDPEpP
JUDYDo}HVHVSHFLDLVPXLWDVIRWRVMRUQDLVHVSHFLDOL]DGRVRVWULQWDH[HPSODUHVILQDLVGRPHX
SULPHLUROLYURHRVRULJLQDLVGRVHJXQGR4XDQWRDHVWH~OWLPRLWHPPLQKDLQWHQomRpWHQWDU
HP/LVERDXPDHGLomRSDUDWRGRVRVSDtVHVGHIDODSRUWXJXHVD
73
$JUDGHoR HVSHFLDOPHQWH j $VVRFLDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH &DSRHLUD $QJROD 6DOYDGRU
%DKLDTXHDFDEDGHIRUPXODUXPKRQURVRFRQYLWHSDUDTXHHXSDVVHDLQWHJUDUXPGHVHXV
FRQVHOKRV DV FDPLVDV HQYLDGDV SDUD HVWD YLDJHP 6HUmR GHYLGDPHQWH LQWHUFDPELDGDV
$JUDGHoR DR &RQVXODGR GR 3RUWXJDO QR 5LR DV YDOLRVDV LQIRUPDo}HV H VXEVtGLRV UHFHELGRV
SDUDRPHXWUDEDOKR
$JUDGHoR ILQDOPHQWH DR 0LQLVWpULR ([WUDRUGLQiULR GH (VSRUWHV SHOR LQWHUHVVH TXH
YHPGHPRQVWUDQGRSHORVPHXVDUWLJRVLGpLDVHVXJHVW}HVDSURYHLWDQGRSDUDHORJLDURPDLV
GR TXH RSRUWXQR HVWXGR TXH YHP UHDOL]DQGR VREUH HVWH LQWULJDQWH SURFHVVR GH
LQVWLWXFLRQDOL]DomR JOREDOL]DomR" GD QRVVD FDSRHLUDJHP VHP G~YLGD XP GRV PDLV
IDVFLQDQWHV VHJPHQWRV GD FXOWXUD SRSXODU EUDVLOHLUD TXH HVWi SRXFR D SRXFR WRUQDQGRVH
XPSDWULP{QLRGDFXOWXUDSRSXODUGHWRGRPXQGR
5LRGHVHWHPEURGH
74
(852%5$6,/0(5&$'2,1&2080
5HILURPH DR PHUFDGR GD DUWH DIUREUDVLOHLUD GD FDSRHLUD
(VWRXFKHJDQGRGHPDLVXPD³YROWDGRPXQGR´SHOD(XURSD/LVERD5RPD/RQGUHVH3DULV
LPSUHVVLRQDGRFRPRFUHVFHQWHVXFHVVRGDFDSRHLUDHPDLVGRTXHQXQFDFRPDFHUWH]D
TXHDOJXPHVIRUoRSRGHHGHYHVHUIHLWRSDUDDSRLDUHPXQLFLDUHVWHVXFHVVR3RUXPDIHOL]
FRLQFLGrQFLD R JRYHUQR IHGHUDO HVSHFLDOPHQWH DWUDYpV GR 0LQLVWpULR ([WUDRUGLQiULR GH
(VSRUWHV HVWi GLVSRVWR D SDUWLFLSDU GHVWH DSRLR GHVGH TXH VHMD REYLDPHQWH R GHVHMR
FRQVHQVXDOGDVOLGHUDQoDVGDFDSRHLUD
$t VHP G~YLGD FRQVHQVR UHVLGLUi R
JUDQGH GHVDILR PDV SHOR SRXFR TXH
SXGH YHU QD (XURSD FRQWDWDQGR
Mestre Canela e ALLL, Roma, Praça
Navona, 1997.
LQVWLWXLo}HV PHVWUHV H HVWXGLRVRV GD FDSRHLUDJHP
SRVVR DGLDQWDU TXH QmR VH WUDWD GH XP REVWiFXOR
LQWUDQVSRQtYHO
3RLVQRIXQGRWRGRVTXHUHPDPHVPD
Mestre UMOI, Lisboa, 1997.
FRLVD R WRWDO VXFHVVR GD ERD FDSRHLUD ( TXDVH TXH
PLODJURVDPHQWHMiHVWiVXUJLQGRXPFRQVHQVRSHORPHQRVGRTXHQmRVHMDXPDERD
FDSRHLUD2UTXHVWUDPHGtRFUHWDQWRQRULWPRTXDQWRQRFDQWR
-RJR H[DJHUDGDPHQWH HP Sp H H[DJHUDGDPHQWH FLUFHQVH -RJRGHFRPSUD UiSLGR
GHPDLV $UWH PDUFLDO GD&DSRHLUDYLUDQGRXPFLUFRGHFRYDUGLD*ROSHGHMXG{VHQGR
WUDQVIRUPDGR QR JROSH ³PDLV ³HILFLHQWH´GD FDSRHLUD 0HVWUHV IHLWRV HP JUiILFDV RX QDV
³DFDGHPLDV´GD7$39$5,*)HVWLYDOGH&RUGDV&RUGpLV&RUG}HVH)LWDVH'HVUHVSHLWR
SHODSUySULD5RGDHVREUHWXGRSHODV5RGDVGRVRXWURVPHVWUHV
7XGR LVWR FRPR GLULD R QRVVR TXHULGR H
VDXGRVR 0HVWUH &DLoDUD ³D JHQWH Gi
MHLWR´RXVHMD
8UJH HVWDEHOHFHU SUrPLRV SDUD DV
PHOKRUHV JUDYDo}HV GH FDSRHLUD Mi
H[LVWHP GH]HQDV DSHQDV XPDV SRXFDV
FRP DOJXP YDORU 2 MXOJDPHQWR
GHYHUi VHU IHLWR SRU XPD FRPLVVmR
IRUPDGD SRU PHVWUHV FRQVDJUDGRV
Pal Briand Filósofo e a
HVSHFLILFDPHQWH QHVWD iUHD -RmR
contramestre Lúcia Briand Palmares. Paris,
*UDQGH -RmR 3HTXHQR 0RUDHV
l997
/HRSROGLQD 0HQGRQoD $FRUGHP
0HQWLULD6XDVVXQD&DPLVD%HLMD)ORU
75
H RXWURV H SRU HVSHFLDOLVWDV QDV iUHDV GR IROFORUH P~VLFD VRFLRORJLD DQWURSRORJLD
FXOWXUDOKLVWyULDOLWHUDWXUDHWF
$LPSRUWkQFLDGDVODGDLQKDVGHVDXGDomRLQLFLDOHDVFKXODVGHILQDOL]DomRGHURGD
GHYH VHU HQIDWL]DGD D LPSRUWkQFLD GR FDQWR FRPR HOHPHQWR RUD GH GHVFULomR RUD GH
LQWHUIHUrQFLDGDURGDWDPEpPGDPHVPDIRUPDDLPSRUWkQFLDGDUHLQFOXVmRGRDJRJ{HGR
UHFRUHFR 6HP XPD ERD ³RUTXHVWUD¶ GH FDSRHLUD VHP XP ERP FRPDQGR IUHQWH D
FKDUDQJD VHUi DEVROXWDPHQWH LPSRVVtYHO VXVWHQWDU D H[FHOrQFLD GH XPD YHUGDGHLUD 5RGD
GH&DSRHLUD
7HPSRV DWUiV VXUJLX XPD QHRFDSRHLUD VHQWHQFLDQGR TXH D ³&DSRHLUD $QJROD´ ³PXLWR
FLUFHQVH´ HVWDYD DJRQL]DQGR 8PD WUHPHQGD LQMXVWLoD UHFRQKHFLGD DJRUD PXQGLDOPHQWH
3RULURQLDGRGHVWLQRHVWDQHRFDSRHLUDpTXHSDUHFHWHUSDUDGRQRWHPSRFRPSOHWDPHQWH
SHUGLGD HQWUH IRUWHV OHPEUDQoDV GR SDVVDGR H D LQFDSDFLGDGH GH SURMHWDU QR IXWXUR WDLV
OHPEUDQoDVMRJRGHPDVLDGDPHQWHHPSp³QHJDWLYD´DSHQDVSDUDHIHLWRFRUHRJUiILFRJLQJD
PDUFDGD VHTrQFLDV GH HILFiFLD PXLWR GLVFXWtYHO JROSH GH MXG{ FRPR R PHOKRU JROSH GH
ILQDOL]DomR GH XPD ³YROWD GR ³PXQGR´TXH QmR GHYH WHU ³ILQDOL]DomR´ QHQKXPD ULWPR
DOXFLQDGRDWDEDTXHHSDQGHLURVREUHSRQGRVHDREHULPEDXHSRUDtYDL
8UJH SRUWDQWR DFHQWXDU RV JUDQGHV H YLWDLV PpULWRV GD &DSRHLUD $QJROD H GHPDLV
FDSRHLUDVFRPRDGR0HVWUH$UWXU(PtGLRGR*UXSR%RQILPGR0HVWUH6RPEUDODGDLQKDV
GH VDXGDomR GH URGD IHLWDV FRP PXLWD LQVSLUDomR EHULPEDX QR ULWPR YHORFLGDGH FHUWR H
MRJR QR ULWPR GR EHULPEDX PXLWR MRJR GH FKmR PXLWR MRJR GH UDVWHLUD PXLWR MRJR GH
PDQGLQJDHHOLPLQDomRGRVWUHMHLWRVGHIDOVRVJXHUUHLURV
$ &DSRHLUD FUHVFHX DV 5RGDV FUHVFHUDP WRGRV TXHUHQGR DJRUD MRJDU DR PHVPR
WHPSR9DLGDtTXHQXPMRJRGHFRPSUDQmRVHILFDPDLVGRTXHVHJXQGRVMRJDQGR2
TXH OHYD TXDOTXHU 5RGD D VHU UHSURYDGD QXP LPDJLQiULR &RQWUROH GH 4XDOLGDGH
3ULQFLSDOPHQWH DRV PHVWUHV GHYH VHU SHUPLWLGR GDU XPD ³YROWD GR PXQGR´ PDLV ORQJD
VXILFLHQWHSDUDTXHRWDOHQWRGHFDGDXPSRVVDDIORUDUSOHQDPHQWH
,QIHOL]PHQWH WDPEpP SDUD D (XURSD HVWmR VHQGR OHYDGRV DOJXQV GHVVHV HUURV
FDSRHLUtVWLFRV H R PDLRU GHOHV WDOYH] VHMD D IDOVD ILJXUD GR JXHUUHLURGDFDSRHLUD 1D
UHDOLGDGHQmRpQHPJXHUUHLURQHPFDSRHLULVWDSRLVQmRILFDULDHPSpVHJXQGRVFRQWUD
XP ERP OXWDGRU GH TXDOTXHU RXWUD OXWD HVSHFLDOPHQWH GR MLXMLWVX 9DL GDt HVVHV IDOVRV
JXHUUHLURVGDFDSRHLUD OLPLWDPVH D ID]HU VXFHVVR HP URGDV GH EDWL]DGR MRJDQGR FRP
FDSRHLULVWDV PDLV MRYHQV PHQRV H[SHULHQWHV FRP PXLWR PHQRV SHVR H GH SUHIHUrQFLD
PXOKHUHV 4XDQGRMRJDPHQWUHVLDtVLPID]HPXPMRJRGHFRPSDGUHOLPLWDQGRVHFDGD
XP D ID]HU VHX SUySULR FLUFR D GH] PHWURV GR RXWUR 6XJLUR TXH HVVHV ³FDSRHLUDV´ RX
WHQWHP XPD LQVFULomR HP DOJXP ³8OWLPDWH )LJKWLQJ´ RX DSUHQGDP PDLV VREUH RV
IXQGDPHQWRVHRHVStULWRGDDUWHDIUREUDVLOHLUDGDFDSRHLUDJHP
(VWHLWHPUHOHYHPDLQVLVWrQFLDHVWiLQWLPDPHQWHOLJDGRDRLWHPDQWHULRUHpWDPEpP
XP SURGXWR GD QHRFDSRHLUD TXH WHQWRX DFDEDU FRP D YHUGDGHLUD FDSRHLUD R MRJR GH
DJDUUmRD³YROWDGRPXQGR´PDOIHLWDILQJLQGRTXHHVWiVHQGREHPIHLWDDHVWUDWpJLDSREUH
HIODJUDQWHGHXPMRJRGHHVSHUDFRPLQWXLWRGHSRGHUDJDUUDUR³DGYHUViULR´SHODVSHUQDV
H MRJiOR QR FKmR 2 TXH HVVHV ³FDSRHLULVWDV´ HVWmR WHQWDQGR ID]HU p MRJDU D SUySULD
FDSRHLUD QR FKmR /XWDGRUHV GH YDOHWXGR TXDQGR YrP HVWH WULVWH HVSHWiFXOR FRP WRGD
UD]mRPRUUHPGHULU
'pFDGDVDWUiVHVFUHYLXPDUWLJRVREUHR³PHVWUHJUiILFD´2XVHMDDTXHOHFDSRHLUD]LQKR
SUHFLSLWDGRTXHSURFXUDXPDJUiILFDHHQFRPHQGDXPFDUWmRGHYLVLWDRQGHHOHPHVPRVH
LQWLWXOD0HVWUH
1D (XURSD PDLV SUHFLVDPHQWH HP /LVERD 3RUWXJDO FRQYHUVDQGR FRP R 0HVWUH
8PRL0HORGH6RX]DH[FHOHQWHWURFDGHLGpLDVHLQIRUPDo}HVWRPHLFRQKHFLPHQWRGHXP
H[SHGLHQWHPDLVVRILVWLFDGRRMRYHPVDLGR$HURSRUWR,QWHUQDFLRQDOGR*DOHmR5,2FRPR
XP VLPSOHV FDSRHLULVWD GH IpULDV PDV FKHJD QD (XURSD FRPR XP H[SHULHQWH 0HVWUH GH
&DSRHLUD e R ³0HVWUH 7$3´ p R ³0HVWUH 9DULJ´ SDUD FLWDU DSHQDV GXDV ERDV ³DFDGHPLDV´
ORFDOL]DGDVQDVQXYHQV
76
2DUFRtULVQmRHVWiVHQGRVXILFLHQWHSDUDVDWLVID]HUDSURIXVmRGHVLVWHPDVKLHUiUTXLFRV
TXHHVWmRVXUJLQGRRUDUHSUHVHQWDGRVSRUFRUGpLVRUDSRUFRUGDVRUDSRUFRUG}HVRUDSRU
ILWDV 7DOYH] R IHQ{PHQR VHMD IUXWR GD SUySULD ULTXH]D FULDWLYD GD FDSRHLUD RX WDOYH] QmR
WDOYH] R IHQ{PHQR VHMD IUXWR GH XPD PDFDTXLFH LQLFLDO FRSLDU R VLVWHPD KLHUiUTXLFR GR
MXG{ VHJXLGD GD QHFHVVLGDGH GH PDUFDU SUHVHQoD FRPR PHVWUH GLVVLGHQWH DOLDGD j
QHFHVVLGDGHGHIDEULFDUEDWL]DGRVPDLVIUHTHQWHV7DOYH]HVWHMDFKHJDQGRjKRUDGH
VHGHILQLUDWUDYpVGHFRQVHQVRXPVySDGUmRKLHUiUTXLFR$QWHVGHWXGRHQWUHWDQWRFDEHUi
DSHUJXQWDQmRVHUiDEROLUWRGRVHVVHVSDGU}HVDWXDLVFRUGpLVFRUGDVHWF"
(XPXLWRPRGHVWDPHQWHHQWHQGRTXHWXGRLVWRpGHVQHFHVViULRHDWpSUHMXGLFLDOMiYL
FDSRHLUDILFDUSUHVRQRFKmRSRUSUHQGHUFRPDPmRDSUySULDFRUGDTXHOHYDYDSHQGXUDGD
QDFLQWXUD
1mRVHUiPHOKRUPDLVXPDYH]DWHQWDUSDUDRPXQGRGRVDQJROHLURV"
2X TXHP VDEH" D VROXomR HVWHMD QDV FDPLVDV QDV FRUHV GDV FDPLVDV QDV
PHQVDJHQVILORVyILFDVGDVFDPLVDV3HQVHPQLVWR
8PFDSRHLUDSRGHHGHYHDRYLVLWDUXPDRXWUD5RGDPRVWUDUTXHVDEHMRJDUPXLWREHP
,VWR SRUpP QmR VLJQLILFD TXHUHU ³IHFKDU´ D RXWUD 5RGD ³EDWHU´ HP WRGR PXQGR %ULOKDU
QXPD 5RGD VLJQLILFD ³GDU XPD IRUoD´ QD SDUWH UtWPLFD H FDQWDGD WRFDQGR PXLWR EHP R
EHULPEDXHFDQWDQGRPXLWREHPDOJXPDVODGDLQKDVHFRUULGRVVLJQLILFDDEDL[DUDRSpGR
EHULPEDXHID]HUXPDVDXGDomRTXHILTXHQDOHPEUDQoDGHWRGRVRVSUHVHQWHVVLJQLILFD
GDU XPD ³YROWD GR PXQGR´ TXH WHUPLQH HP HPRFLRQDGR H UHVSHLWRVR DSODXVR JHUDO (
YDOHUi DTXLFLWDUGHQWUHPXLWRVIHOL]PHQWHFLQFRERQVH[HPSORV0HVWUH&DPDOHmR5,2
5-0HVWUH3DXOR*RPHV6mR3DXOR630HVWUH0RUDHV6DOYDGRU%DKLD0HVWUH&DQHOD
9LWHUER,WiOLDH0HVWUH%HLMD)ORU3DULV)UDQoD
4XHPUHDOPHQWHJRVWDGHFDSRHLUDGHYHDWHQWDUSDUDWDLVUHIOH[}HV
4XHP YDL DSUHFLDU TXDOTXHU SURMHWR GH FDSRHLUD HVSHFLDOPHQWH FRP SUHWHQV}HV D XP
SDWURFtQLRFXVWHDGRFRPRGLQKHLURS~EOLFRWDPEpPGHYHWHUHVWHTXDGURGHSDQRGHIXQGR
SDUDTXDOTXHUSDUHFHU
5,25-GHRXWXEURGHO
77
2,7(17$³92/7$6'2081'2´
&KHJR GH PDLV XPD ³YROWD GR PXQGR´ SHOD (XURSD HQFRQWUR XPD FDUWD
FRQYLWH GR 3URIHVVRU /XLV 9LWRU &DVWUR -XQLRU &RQYLWH SDUD HVFUHYHU XP SHTXHQR WH[WR HP
KRPHQDJHP DRV RLWHQWD DQRV TXH R *UDQGH -RmR 3HTXHQR FRPSOHWDUi QR GLD GH
GH]HPEUR GR FRUUHQWH DQR 2 FRQYLWH HVWi
VHQGR IHLWR D YiULRV PHVWUHV H HVWXGLRVRV GD
FDSRHLUDHRUHVXOWDGRILQDOGHYHUiVHUWUDQV
IRUPDGRHPOLYURXPDVLQFHUDKRPHQDJHPDR
6U -RmR 3HUHLUD GRV 6DQWRV PXQGLDOPHQWH
FRQKHFLGRFRPR0HVWUH-RmR3HTXHQRIRWR
UHVSRQViYHOSHOR&HQWURGH&DSRHLUD$QJROD
$FDGHPLD-RmR3HTXHQRGH3DVWLQKD
'RV FRQYLGDGRV SDUD HVFUHYHU VHP
G~YLGD VHUHL R TXH PHQRV SULYRX GLDDGLD
FRP D ILJXUD VLPSiWLFD H H[WUHPDPHQWH
WDOHQWRVD
GH
-RmR
3HTXHQR
HP
³FRPSHQVDomR´ SRU RQGH WHQKR DQGDGR
WHQKR WHVWHPXQKDGR R SUHVWtJLR VHPSUH
FUHVFHQWH GD &DSRHLUD $QJROD HP JHUDO H GR
0HVWUH -RmR 3HTXHQR HP SDUWLFXODU $ YROWD
GR PXQGR TXH PHQFLRQHL LQLFLDOPHQWH p XP
H[FHOHQWH H RSRUWXQR H[HPSOR 'HQWUH DV
FDPLVDV TXH OHYHL SDUD GLVWULEXLU WRGDV
DOWDPHQWH UHSUHVHQWDWLYDV *UXSR $%$'È
0HVWUH &DPLVD $VVRFLDomR %UDVLOHLUD GH
&DSRHLUD$QJROD*UXSR%DUUDYHQWR0HVWUH%RJDGR*UXSR7HUUD0HVWUH0LQWLULQKD*UXSR
GH &DSRHLUD )LOKRV GH $QJROD%UDVLO 0HVWUH&DPDOHmRHRXWUDVDVFDPLVDVGRJUXSRGH
-RmR 3HTXHQR IRUDP DV PDLV VROLFLWDGDV SHORV PHVWUHV HVWXGLRVRV H DXWRULGDGHV TXH
HQFRQWUHLHP/LVERD5RPD/RQGUHVH3DULV7LYHVVHHXDQGDGRXPSRXFRPDLVSHOD(XURSD
RX SHOR (VWDGRV 8QLGRV PDLV FDPLVDV GR JUXSR GH -RmR FHUWDPHQWH PH WHULDP VLGR
VROLFLWDGDV6HPG~YLGDXPLQGLFDGRUGHVXFHVVRGHFRQVDJUDomR
0DV QHP WXGR VmR IORUHV SRLV D FDSRHLUD HVWi IODJUDQWHPHQWH HP FULVH GH
FUHVFLPHQWR H LVWR QR IXQGR p PXLWR ERP 1mR DSHQDV QR %UDVLO PDV HP WRGR PXQGR
YHULILFDPVH RV PHVPRV SUREOHPDV DV PHVPDV SDWRORJLDV DOJXQV PHVWUHV GDQoDQGR
GHPDLVDOJXQVEULJDQGRGHPDLVDOJXQVID]HQGRSXURFLUFRDOJXQVLQYHQWDQGRGHPDLV1mR
IRVVH D IRUoD GD WUDGLomRQmRIRVVHDIRUoDGD$QJRODHGHRXWURVHVWLORVWUDGLFLRQDLVQmR
IRVVH R WDOHQWR GRV YHOKRV H QRYRV PHVWUHV GH $QJROD YDOHQGR GHVWDFDU Dt SRU PRWLYRV
yEYLRVRQRVVRTXHULGR0HVWUH-RmR3HTXHQRMiWHUtDPRVXPDJUDQGH7RUUHGH%DEHO
(PERUDEHPLQWHQFLRQDGRVLPSRVVtYHOQHJDUDERDLQWHQomRLQRYDUDPGHPDLV
³HQULTXHFHUDP´ GHPDLV D FDSRHLUD FDSRHLUD TXH QDVFHX SURQWD DEVROXWD VHP QHQKXPD
QHFHVVLGDGHGHUHWRTXHVRXGHDFUpVFLPRV(GHXQRTXHGHXXPIHVWLYDOGHFRUGDVFRUGHO
FRUG}HV H ILWDV XPD JLQJD PDUFDGD WLSR H[SRUWDomR XP JROSH GH MXG{ VREUHVVDLQGRVH
FRPR R JUDQGH JROSH GH ILQDOL]DomR GH XPD DUWH TXH VH FDUDFWHUL]D SHOR MRJR ODUJDGR GH
PDQGLQJD 7DPEpP D SDUWH UtWPLFD H FDQWDGD PDLV GR TXH LPSRUWDQWH IXQGDPHQWDO IRL
³VLPSOLILFDGD´ HOLPLQDQGRVH R UHFRUHFR H R DJRJ{ HOLPLQDQGRVH DV OLQGDV ODGDLQKDV GH
DEHUWXUDGHURGDDVSUHOHo}HVDRVRPGREHULPEDXHRVFDQWRVGHGHVSHGLGDHP³WURFD´
HP DOJXPDV URGDV SDUHFH KDYHU XPD GLVSXWD SDUD VDEHU TXHP ³EDWXFD´ R DWDEDTXH PDLV
DOWR
'HUHSHQWHQRHQWDQWRXPYHUGDGHLURPLODJUH
2 UHQDVFLPHQWR D QtYHO LQWHUQDFLRQDO GD &DSRHLUD $QJROD 2 PXQGR
UHGHVFREULQGR D YHUGDGHLUD ³YROWD GR PXQGR´ R PXQGR FRUUHQGR SDUD DV URGDV GH $QJROD
78
FRPJUDYDGRUHILOPDGRUDHPSXQKRRPXQGRGHVFREULQGRRyEYLRRXVHMDTXHDILORVRILD
GDFDSRHLUDHVWiQRVHXSDVVDGRHVWiQDVVXDVUDt]HVHVWiQRVHXFRQMXQWRKLVWyULFRHVWi
QDVJHQLDLVGHFODUDo}HVGHXP0HVWUH3DVWLQKDQRIUDVHDGRFXUWRHEHPKXPRUDGRGHXP
0HVWUH&DLoDUDQDVVHQWHQoDVViELDVGHXP0HVWUH-RmR3HTXHQR³DFDSRHLUDDQWLJDPHQWH
HUDSHULJRVDDJRUDHVWiYLROHQWD´
6HRJRYHUQRIHGHUDOWLYHVVHTXHHVFROKHUDSHQDVXPSURMHWRSDUDGHVHQYROYHU
DWXDOPHQWHQDiUHDGDFDSRHLUDHXQmRKHVLWDULDHPVXJHULURSDWURFtQLRGHXPD³YROWDGR
PXQGR´ 3RUWXJDO (VSDQKD ,WiOLD )UDQoD $OHPDQKD ,QJODWHUUD HWF SDUD R JUXSR -RmR
3HTXHQR GH 3DVWLQKD TXDQWR DJUDGHFLPHQWR TXDQWD pWLFD TXDQWD OLomR QD HVFROKD GHVWH
QRPH HPEXWLQGR R SUySULR QRPH GH 0HVWUH 3DVWLQKD 3RLV QmR WHQKR G~YLGD R JUXSR
VHULD UHFHELGR FRP WDSHWH YHUPHOKR HP FDGD DFDGHPLD TXH YLVLWDVVH QR H[WHULRU ( R
JRYHUQR EUDVLOHLUR HVWDULD GHVSHQGHQGR R GLQKHLUR S~EOLFR QXPD iUHD HVWUDWpJLFD
GLYXOJDQGRXPGRVPDLVIDVFLQDQWHVVHJPHQWRVGDFXOWXUDSRSXODUEUDVLOHLUD7mRIDVFLQDQWH
TXH HP PXLWR SRXFR WHPSR VHUi FRQVLGHUDGD SDWULP{QLR GD FXOWXUD SRSXODU GR PXQGR
3DUDEpQV0HVWUH-RmR3HTXHQRQHVWDGDWDWmRTXHULGD3DUDEpQVHREULJDGR0HVWUHSHOD
FDSRHLUDTXHYRFrYHPHQVLQDQGRKiORQJDVGpFDGDVDRPXQGRWRGRDMRJDU
5,25-GHRXWXEURGHO
79
&$6&$,6)$'2(&$32(,5$
4XDOTXHU YLDJHP j (XURSD GHYH SDVVDU SRU 3RUWXJDO 0HVPR FRQVLGHUDQGR
DOJXQV GHVDFHUWRV UHFHQWHV RGRQWROyJLFRV RX QmR R IDWR p TXH 3RUWXJDO WHP FRP R %UDVLO
XPDUHODomRGHDPL]DGHPXLWRHVSHFLDO1DYHUGDGHpXPDVyIDPtOLDEULJDQGRjVYH]HV
FRPRpQDWXUDOHPTXDOTXHUIDPtOLD8PERPH[HPSORGHVWDEULJDDPRURVDDFRQWHFHXFRP
PLQKD SUySULD IDPtOLD UHFHQWHPHQWH QXPD SULPHLUD QRLWH GH (XURSD HP 3RUWXJDO PDLV
SUHFLVDPHQWH HP &DVFDLV 7RGRV PH FREUDQGR DOJR WtSLFR PDV DR PHVPR WHPSR FRPR
Em pé, os excelentes fadistas Nuno de Aguiar e Dom Rodrigo. Forte D. Rodrigo. Cascais, Portugal,
1997
DOWHUQDWLYDLURQLFDPHQWHVXJHULQGRSDVVDUDQRLWHMRJDQGRFDUWDVRXGRPLQy
)XL VDOYR SHOR ,&(3 H SHOR 6HUYLoR GH ,QIRUPDo}HV 7XUtVWLFDV GH /LVERD TXH FRP
JUDQGHHILFiFLDHLQVSLUDomRLQGLFRXPHOiPHVPRHP&DVFDLVXPDH[WUDRUGLQiULDFDVDGH
IDGR 2 )RUWH 'RP 5RGULJR RQGH DOpP GD IDVFLQDQWH P~VLFD SRUWXJXHVD WLYHPRV D
RSRUWXQLGDGHGHFRQKHFHUXPSRXFRGDKLVWyULDGRIDGRQXPDYHUVmRH[WUHPDPHQWHO~FLGD
H SRpWLFD IHLWD SHOR SUySULR 5RGULJR TXH LQFOXtD DWp D UHODomR FRP R SRGHU QRV WHPSRV
VDOD]DULVWDV$DXODHRFDQWRFRQWDQGRWDPEpPFRPDSUHVHQoDGRH[FHOHQWHIDGLVWD
1XQRGH$JXLDU8PPRWLYRSUDVDXGDGH8PIDGLVWDMiFDQVDGR)L]OHLOmRGHPLP%DLUUR
$OWR 3DUHFH TXH p %UX[R )DGR GR )DGR 5HFRUGDo}HV GR 3DVVDGR FRPR QmR SRGHULD
GHL[DUGHVHUOHPEUDUDPYHOKRVIDGLVWDVDUHVLVWrQFLDLQLFLDOGDVRFLHGDGHHPDFHLWDURIDGR
HDDXWRPDWL]DomRH[FHVVLYDGDVRFLHGDGHPRGHUQD&UHLRTXHSRUPXLWRSRXFRQmRIDORX
WDPEpPVREUHR9LGHLULQKDIDGLVWDIDYRULWRGDLOXVWUH&DVDGH5DPLUHV(oDGH4XHLUR]
,PSRVVtYHO HYLWDU XPD FRPSDUDomR FRP R VDPED EUDVLOHLUR H FHUWDPHQWH FRP D
QRVVD FDSRHLUD 1mR p j WRD TXH D KLVWyULD GR 5LR $QWLJR UHJLVWUD XP ERP Q~PHUR GH
SRUWXJXHVHVFDSRHLULVWDVPXLWRV%DUEHLURVVHJXQGRDOJXQVFKDPDGRVIDTXLVWDVWDOYH]
DOXVmRHXPDWHQWDWLYDGHH[SOLFDomRSDUDRXVRGDVDUGLQKDQDYDOKDQDFDSRHLUDJHP
GHHQWmR
7DLVUHFRUGDo}HVHUHIOH[}HVHVWmRVHQGRSURYRFDGDVSRUXP HPDLOTXHDFDEDGH
FKHJDUGH&DVFDLVDWUDYpVGRTXDO0HVWUH802,FRQYLGDSDUDVXDIHVWDGHILPGHDQRQR
3DYLOKmR'HVSRUWLYRGH$OFDELGHFKH9iULRVPHVWUHVGDTXLGR%UDVLOHVWDUmRSUHVHQWHVHGD
SUySULD(XURSDQDGDPHQRVGHVHLVSDtVHVVHIDUmRUHSUHVHQWDUPHVWUH%HLMD)ORUFRQWUD
PHVWUH/~FLD3DOPDUHVH3DXO%ULDQG)UDQoDFRQWUDPHVWUH&KLQDPHVWUH*HJrHSURIHVVRU
80
%UXFXWX (VSDQKD FRQWUDPHVWUH 0DUFRV ,QJODWHUUD PHVWUH &DQHOD 9LWHUER ,WiOLD
LQVWUXWRU 6WHHQ 'LQDPDUFD H LQVWUXWRU 7RUNMHOO 1RUXHJD &ODUR D PDLRU GHOHJDomR GH
PHVWUHV H FRQWUDPHVWUHV VHUi GH 3RUWXJDO VHQGR TXH GHVWHV ERD SDUWH RULXQGRV GR
SUySULR*UXSR8QLmRQD&DSRHLUD%UDVLO3RUWXJDOGHPHVWUH8PRL0HORGH6RX]D
6HPG~YLGDXPHYHQWRTXHPHUHFHULDDSUHVHQoDGDPtGLDORFDOHLQWHUQDFLRQDO$
%2/$'LiULRGH1RWtFLDV2-2*2-RUQDO(XUR%UDVLODJrQFLDVORFDLVGHMRUQDLVEUDVLOHLURVH
RXWURV H GH UHSUHVHQWDQWHV GD 6HFUHWDULD GH (VWDGR 3RUWXJXrV GH 'HVSRUWR H SRU TXH
QmR"DWpGD(PEDL[DGD%UDVLOHLUDiUHDFXOWXUDO(VWLYHVVHHXSUHVHQWHDRILQDOGR
HYHQWROHYDULDRVFDSRHLUDVSDUDFRQKHFHURVH[WUDRUGLQiULRVIDGLVWDVGR)RUWHGR5RGULJR
6HPG~YLGDVHULDDUHXQLmRGHXPDJUDQGHIDPtOLDIDODQGRDPHVPDOtQJXDHFRPYDGLRV
IDGLVWDVHFDSRHLUDVILQDOPHQWHFRQVDJUDGRVHTXHHQULTXHFHPHRUJXOKDPDFXOWXUDOXVR
EUDVLOHLUD
5,25-
81
0,1&)81$57(86$(-$32
2EUDVLOHLURSUHFLVDFRQKHFHURTXHpERPREUDVLOHLURSUHFLVDFRQKHFHUPHOKRU
R%UDVLO(VWDVHPG~YLGDIRLDJUDQGHSUHPLVVDSDUDDVLQJHODHRSRUWXQDH[SRVLomR%UDVLO
VRQVHLQVWUXPHQWRVSRSXODUHVTXHYHPVHQGRUHDOL]DGDQR0XVHXGR)ROFORUH(GLVRQ
&DUQHLUR QR 5,2 &RPSOHPHQWDD([SRVLomRXPDVpULHGHDWLYLGDGHV9RFr3HQVDTXH
%HULPEDX p *DLWD" DEHUWD JUDWXLWDPHQWH DR S~EOLFR LQWHUHVVDGR 'H SDUDEpQV
SRUWDQWR R 0LQLVWpULR GD &XOWXUD )XQDUWH TXH DWUDYpV GR &HQWUR 1DFLRQDO GH )ROFORUH H
&XOWXUD 3RSXODU H FRP R DSRLR GR ,QVWLWXWR &XOWXUDO ,WD~ HVWi SURPRYHQGR WDLV HYHQWRV
(VWD VHPDQD ULFD HP SDOHVWUDV H RILFLQDV VHUi HQFHUUDGD GRPLQJR GLD FRP XPD
JUDQGHHRULJLQDO5RGDGH&DSRHLUDUHXQLQGRGRLV*UXSRVGH$QJRODQRWUDGLFLRQDO%DLUUR
GD /DSD H R YDOHQWH *UXSR %RQILP %DLUURV GH %RQVXFHVVR H ,OKD GR *RYHUQDGRU ,&-*
1mR SRU FRLQFLGrQFLD HYHQWRV
VLPLODUHVHVWDUmRVHQGREUHYHPHQWH
UHDOL]DGRV QRV (VWDGRV 8QLGRV H QR
-DSmR
e D GLQkPLFD GR IROFORUH HP
PDUFKD 'LQkPLFD PXLWR EHP
SHUFHELGD GpFDGDV DWUiV SHOR
VDXGRVR 3URIHVVRU (GLVRQ &DUQHLUR
QD pSRFD SUHVLGHQWH GD &DPSDQKD
1DFLRQDO GR )ROFORUH 0HVPR DVVLP
WUDtGR WDOYH] SRU VHU EDLDQR H SHORV
HQFDQWRV GH VXD OLQGD WHUUD R
Mestres Artur Emídio e Cabide
3URIHVVRU &DUQHLUR GHIHQGLD TXH XP
PLQLVWpULR GD FXOWXUD Vy GHYHULD
GLYXOJDU D FDSRHLUD PDLV WUDGLFLRQDO D FDSRHLUD DXWrQWLFD D &DSRHLUD $QJROD 7RGDV DV
GHPDLVVHULDPIRUPDVGHWXUSDGDVVHPHVSRQWDQHLGDGHHVHPDOHJULDIyUPXODVFRPHUFLDLV
GHRULJHPGLIXVDHIXWXURLQFHUWR0HVPRVHWLYHVVHPRULJHPQDSUySULD%DKLD
2FRUUH TXH GH DFRUGR FRP D WHVH GR TXHULGR SURIHVVRU DVVLP FRPR D SUySULD
VRFLHGDGH R )ROFORUH WDPEpP p GLQkPLFR
VHQGR
LPSRVVtYHO
QmR
SHUFHEHU
FRQVHTHQWHPHQWHRTXDQWRYiULRVRXWURV
WLSRV GH FDSRHLUD VmR LJXDOPHQWH
DXWrQWLFRV H GLJQRV GH XPD GLYXOJDomR
JRYHUQDPHQWDO SHOD SRUWD GH XP
0LQLVWpULRGD&XOWXUD2*UXSRGH&DSRHLUD
%RQILP 0HVWUHV 'HUDOGR &DELGH
&ODXGLRQRUHRXWURVFULDGRHPOpXP
H[FHOHQWH H[HPSOR HVWLOR SUySULR SDUWH
UtWPLFD H FDQWDGD SHUVRQDOtVVLPD H XPD
Mestre Camaleão e dois excelentes alunos,
FDSRHLUD SDUD TXDOTXHU SUHoR 'Dt D
“Dilá” e Cachalote
LGpLD GH XPD DSUHVHQWDomR FRQMXQWD
UHXQLQGR R *UXSR %RQILP R H[FHOHQWH
*UXSR GH &DSRHLUD )LOKRV GH $QJROD%UDVLO
FRP R 0HVWUH &DPDOHmR H DLQGD R *UXSR GH &DSRHLUD 4XHP YHP /i 6HP VRPEUD GH
G~YLGD R HVSHWiFXOR PHUHFHUi VHU JUDYDGR SRLV PRVWUDUi GD FDSRHLUD YDGLDJHP j
FDSRHLUDPDQGLQJXHLUDSDVVDQGRSHODFDSRHLUDPDUFLDO
82
1mR p j WRD SRUWDQWR TXH HP :DVKLQJWRQ '& D ,QWHUQDWLRQDO &DSRHLUD $QJROD
)RXQGDWLRQ HVWi SDUWLQGR SDUD R VHX )RXUWK $QQXDO &DSRHLUD $QJROD (QFRXQWHU 86$ TXH
HVWH DQR YROWDUi D FRQWDU FRP SDOHVWUDQWHV LOXVWUHV FRPR RV 'UV )X.ODX %XQVHOG 5REHUW
)DUULV7KRPSVRQ.HQQHWK'RVVDUHYiULRVRXWURVH[WUDRUGLQiULRVSHVTXLVDGRUHV
7DPSRXFR VHUi SRU DFDVR TXH R 'U -RmR $OEHUWR %DUUHWR EULOKDQWH SVLFyORJR H
GpFDGDV DWUiV XP GRV PHOKRUHV OXWDGRUHV GH MLXMLWVX DWHQGHQGR D XPD VROLFLWDomR HVWi
SURFXUDQGR XP FDSRHLUD DWp TXLORV FRPFRQGLo}HVHLQWHUHVVHGHUHDOL]DUXPDOXWDQR
-DSmR 1mRIRVVHROLPLWHGRSHVRVHPYDFLODUHXLQGLFDULDRQRPHGR0HVWUH&ODXGLRQRU
*UXSR %RQILP TXH QR ~QLFR WRUQHLR LQGLYLGXDO GH PHVWUHV UHDOL]DGR QR %UDVLO JDQKRX GH
WRGRVQDEDVHGHWDSDVGHVFRQFHUWDQWHHPVHWUDWDQGRGH&DSRHLUDHSHUQDGDVFHUWHLUDV
'DGDjOLPLWDomRLPSRVWDVXJHULRQRPHGR0HVWUH&DPDOHmRQmRVHLVHHOHDFHLWDUiSRLV
HQWUH RXWUDV SURYLGrQFLDV LPHGLDWDV WDOYH] WHQKD TXH FRUWDU VXD YDVWD FDEHOHLUD (P
IXQomRHQWUHWDQWRGRFUHVFLPHQWRVXUSUHHQGHQWHGDFDSRHLUDH[LVWHPDOJXPDVRXWUDVERDV
DOWHUQDWLYDVFRPRDLQGLFDomRIHLWDSHORFDSRHLULVWD$XJXVWR*DUUDDOXQRGH0HVWUH+XON
RXDIHLWDSHOR0HVWUH%RJDGR*UXSR%DUUDYHQWR1LWHUyL5,2
2 LGHDO VHP VRPEUD GH G~YLGD VHULD R -DSmR FRQFRUGDU FRP XPD DSUHVHQWDomR
HVSHFLDOGHXPSHTXHQRJUXSRGHH[FHOHQWHVFDSRHLUDVDDOWXUDGRVMiFLWDGRV&ODXGLRQRUH
&DPDOHmR
$LQGD QHVWD JUDQGH YROWD GR PXQGR TXH D IDVFLQDQWH DUWH DIUREUDVLOHLUD GD
FDSRHLUDJHP HVWDUi GDQGR QHVWH ILPGHVHPDQD 0XVHX GD 5HS~EOLFD YDOHUi UHJLVWUDU
DOJXPDV SUHVHQoDV LOXVWUHV FRPR D GR SUySULR 'U 5DXO /RG\ GR &1)&3 H GR HVFULWRU
SHVTXLVDGRU/XL]6HUJLR'LDV4XHPWHPPHGRGD&DSRHLUD"
20LQLVWpULRGD&XOWXUDHVWiID]HQGRDVXDSDUWHTXHPVDEHDWpFULDQGRFRQGLo}HV
SDUDXPWUDEDOKRFRQMXQWRFRPR0LQLVWpULRGD(GXFDomRHFRPR0LQLVWpULR([WUDRUGLQiULR
GRV(VSRUWHV"
2 LQWHUHVVDQWH WUDEDOKR &DSRHLUD IRQWHV PXOWLPtGLD HODERUDGR SHOR
0LQ&)81$57(&1)&3 SRU H[HPSOR EHP TXH SRGHULD VHU R HPEULmR GHVWH PXWLUmR
PLQLVWHULDOHPWRUQRGHXPGRVPDLVDSDL[RQDQWHVVHJPHQWRVGDFXOWXUDSRSXODUEUDVLOHLUD
$ILQDO FRPR DGLDQWHL HP RXWUR DUWLJR HPERUD H[FHOHQWHROLYURHPTXHVWmRSRGHHGHYH
VHUDSULPRUDGR
5LR
83
84
85
86
-22*5$1'(%(,-$)/25(802,
(VWRX FKHJDQGR GH PDLV XPD YROWD GR PXQGR 'HVWD YH] SDVVDQGR SRU 1RYD
<RUTXH'RXWRU-RmR*UDQGH3DULV0HVWUH%HLMD)ORUH3DO%ULDQGH/LVERD0HVWUH8PRL
$VVLVWLQGR D XPD DXOD VHPSUH DQWROyJLFD GH -RmR *UDQGH ILTXHL VHP HQWHQGHU
FRPRD%DKLDSURPRYHXPJUDQGHHYHQWRHP1RYD<RUNDJRVWRHQmRDSURYHLWDSDUD
SUHVWDUXPDMXVWDKRPHQDJHPDHVWHH[WUDRUGLQiULREDLDQRFXMRWDOHQWRMiIRLUHFRQKHFLGR
SHORVDPHULFDQRVDWpFRPXPWtWXORKRQRUtILFR+RPHQDJHDQGR0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGHHVWDULD
KRPHQDJHDQGR WRGD D &DSRHLUD %DLDQD HVSHFLDOPHQWH D &DSRHLUD $QJROD XP GRV
VHJPHQWRVPDLVIDVFLQDQWHVGDFXOWXUDDIUREUDVLOHLUD
(P 3DULV YROWHL D FRQYHUVDU FRP 0HVWUH %HLMD)ORU TXH HVWi SDUWLQGR SDUD XP
VHJXQGR GLVFR R SULPHLUR JDQKRX XP SUrPLR QD )UDQoD H FRP R FDSRHLUDILOyVRIR 3DO
%ULDQG 3DOPDUHV $SURYHLWHL WDPEpP SDUD FRQKHFHU R JLJDQWHVFR H FULDWLYR 3DUF GH OD
9LOOHWWH QR QRUGHVWH GH 3DULV 7RGRV RV GRPLQJRV D H[HPSOR GR &HQWUDO 3DUN HP 1RYD
<RUNJUXSRVDUWtVWLFRVGHYiULRVSDtVHVVHDSUHVHQWDPQHVWHSDUTXHLQFOXVLYHXPJUXSRGH
2OXGXP H FHUWDPHQWH YiULRV JUXSRV GH FDSRHLUD $LQGD HP 3DULV YROWHL DR 0XVHX GR
+RPHPRQGHILQDOPHQWHJUDoDVjERDYRQWDGHGRVHVSHFLDOLVWDV/HYLQHH3ULELVODY7LWRHII
FRQVHJXLJDULPSDUSUHFLRVDVLQIRUPDo}HVVREUHDP~VLFDGHFDSRHLUD
0DVIRLHP/LVERDPDLRUREMHWLYRGHVWDPLQKDYLDJHPRQGHFRQVHJXLPHUJXOKDU
DOJXQV GLDV QD %LEOLRWHFD 1DFLRQDO TXH RFRUUHX R HYHQWR PDLV PDUFDQWH SDOHVWUDGHEDWH
HP XP GRV SUpGLRV GD 8QLYHUVLGDGH GH /LVERD )XL VXUSUHHQGLGR SRU XP FRQVLGHUiYHO
Q~PHUR GH FDSRHLULVWDV UDSD]HV H UDSDULJDV SURIXQGDPHQWH LQWHUHVVDGRV &RPR
GHFRUUrQFLD GD SDOHVWUDGHEDWH VXUJLX R &HQWUR 3RUWXJXrV GH 3HVTXLVD GR -RJR GD
&DSRHLUD TXH IXQFLRQDUi HVWDWXWiULD H JHRJUDILFDPHQWH GHQWUR GR *UXSR 81,2 1$
&$32(,5$ %5$6,/ 32578*$/ FRPDQGDGR SHOR 0HVWUH 8PRL &RPRFRQWULEXLomR LQLFLDO
SDUD R UHFpPIRUPDGR &HQWUR GH 3HVTXLVDV GHL[HL DOJXQV OLYURV ³*XLD GR &DSRHLUD RX
*\PQDVWLFD %UDVLOHLUD 2'& 5,2 *LQiVWLFD 1DFLRQDO &DSRHLUDJHP =XPD
%XUODPDTXL 5,2 &DSRHLUD IRQWHV PXOWLPtGLD )81$57( 0LQ& 2 %HULPEDXGH
%DUULJD H VHXV WRTXHV .D\ 6KDIIHU )81$57( 0LQF R YtGHRWHLSH 2 38/2 '2 *$72 GH
Mestre Umoi e alguns de seus alunos.
Universidade de Lisboa, 1998, ao final de uma surpreendente e agradável palestra-debate.
0HVWUH-RmR*UDQGHGXDVJUDYDo}HVKLVWyULFDVIHLWDVSHOR0XVHXGR+RPHP3DULVYiULRV
87
DUWLJRV H HVWXGRV UHVXPR GR PHX QRYR OLYUR FDPLVDV GR *UXSR GH -RmR 3HTXHQR GH
3DVWLQKDGD$VVRFLDomR%UDVLOHLUDGH&DSRHLUD$QJROD6DOYDGRUGR*UXSR%RQILPVXE~UELR
GR 5,2 H GR *UXSR GH &DSRHLUD )LOKRV GH $QJROD%UDVLO 0HVWUH &DPDOHmR $QJROD 5,2
XUJH TXH JUXSRV FRPR HVWH *UXSR GD %RQILP H RXWURV FRPHFHP D YLDMDU HVSHFLDOPHQWH
SDUD 3RUWXJDO H XPD VpULH GH IRWRV VREUH HYHQWRV UHFHQWHV QR 5LR HP 6mR 3DXOR H QD
%DKLD1mRWHQKRG~YLGDHVWH&HQWURSUHHQFKHUiXPLPSRUWDQWHHVSDoRSDUDDGLYXOJDomR
GDDUWHDIUREUDVLOHLUDGDFDSRHLUDJHPQD(XURSDHHPWRGD&RPXQLGDGH/XVyIRQD
3HOD DWHQomR UHFHELGD DSURYHLWR SDUD DJUDGHFHU D WRGRV RV 0HVWUHV YLVLWDGRV 1RYD<RUN3DULVH/LVERDLQFOXLQGRVHDtRV0HVWUHV%ROmR$OH[DQGUHGH6RX]DH7XFDV
*HRYi %DWLVWD GH 0HGHLURV H R FRQWUDPHVWUH 8OLVVHV 8OLVVHV GD 6LOYD 2OLYHLUD RV GRLV
~OWLPRVLQWHJUDQWHVGR*UXSRGH0HVWUH802,HWRGRVWUrVUHDOL]DQGRXPH[FHOHQWHWUDEDOKR
HP3RUWXJDO$SURYHLWRWDPEpPSDUDSDUDEHQL]DUDPDQHLUDpWLFDHHFXPrQLFDFRPDTXDO
WRGRV HVVHV PHVWUHV HVWmR WUDWDQGR R VXUSUHHQGHQWH FUHVFLPHQWR GD &DSRHLUD QR PXQGR
WRGR
)LQDOPHQWH FRHUHQWH FRP R TXH HX VHPSUH GHIHQGR D &DSRHLUD DSHVDU GH
IDVFLQDQWHHVWiGHQWURGRPXQGRHQmRRFRQWUiULRÝROWHLHP&DVFDLVDYLVLWDUR)RUWH
'RP5RGULJRSDUDGHWDOKHVUHYHURDUWLJR&DVFDLV)DGRH&DSRHLUDHHP/LVERDWLYHR
SUD]HU H D KRQUD GH RXYLU QD FDVD GH IDGR3DUUHLULQKDGH$OIDPDDH[WUDRUGLQiULDIDGLVWD
6UD$UJHQWLQD6DQWRV9DOHQGRGHVWDFDUQROLQGRUHSHUWyULRGDPHQFLRQDGDIDGLVWDRIDGR
/iJULPDGHDXWRULDGH&DUORV*RQoDOYHVH$PiOLD5RGULJXHV
88
89
Capoeiragem
in Rio de Janeiro
- Sinhozinho e Rudolf Hermanny –
ENGLISH EDITION - MAY / 2004
90
CONTENTS
English Edition – Especial Apresentation
General Introduction
André Luiz Lacé Lopes ……………………………………… 7
Two Words
- Carlson Gracie ............................................................................. 19
- Paulo Amaral ............................................................................. 23
Homage & Alert
Prologue, Inspired in Master Cervantes!
First Chapter - Importance of the Capoeira in Rio de Janeiro
Second Chapter - Annibal Burlamaqui, “Zuma”
Third Chapter - Inezil Penna Marinho
Forth Chapter - Agenor Moreira Sampaio, “Sinhozinho”
Fifth Chapter - Capoeira of Sinhozinho versus Regional
Capoeira
Sixth Chapter - Rudolf de Otero Hermanny
Seventh Chapter - The PULL of the CAT: theory and practical
I - Heating for the Pull of Cat
II - The Pull of the Cat: general summary
III - Project CD-ROM - Critical bibliography of the Capoeira
(Project Memory of the Capoeira)
IV - Capoeira Project Martial Art (Sinhozinho Project)
BIBLIOGRAPHY
GLOSSARY
ECHOS FROM DE FIRST EDITION (Brazilian Edition)
91
Escolas de Capoeira no Rio de Janeiro - Década dos 20
Noite ilustrada, RJ - 1929
"Permanente Provisório" é “licença poética”, a Manga tem direito.
92
&$32(,5$*(0²)25809,578$/
André Luiz Lace Lopes - Rio de Janeiro, 6 de agosto de 2004
ÍNDICE
INTRODUÇÃO GERAL
TRÊS PALAVRAS
-
Jornalista e Advogado:
Poeta-Repentista e Sociólogo:
Velho Mestre de Capoeira:
Primeira Parte: Capoeira no Rio e pelo Mundo
ANO 2000
1.
2.
1RYR
/LYUR
Revista # 6: Mestre Internet de Capoeira. Rio, novembro, 2000
Revista # 7: Madrid, Barcelona, Roma, Viterbo: Capoeira. Roma, dezembro, 2000
ANO 2001
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
Revista # 8: Resgatando a verdadeira História da Capoeira
ou “se non é vero, é bem trovato”. Rio, janeiro, 2001
Revista # 9: Capoeira, a profissão de mestre – Parte I. Rio, fevereiro, 2001
Revista # 10: Capoeira, a profissão de Mestre – Parte II (final). Rio, março, 2001
Revista # 11: Banca de Mestrado & Itália & Subúrbio do Rio. Rio, abril, 2001
Revista # 12: Santeria, Jazz, Ópera e Funk. Em Nova York, Nova Jersey e
Washington D.C. Nova York, maio, 2001
Revista # 13: Capoeira no Morro do Turano. Rio, junho, 2001
Revista # 14: Capoeira na Praça dos Pacificadores. Rio, julho, 2001
Revista # 15: A capoeira e a Guarda Municipal do Rio. Rio, agosto, 2001
Revista # 16: Capoeira e o Direito de Imagem. Rio, setembro, 2001
Obs.: com algumas boas imagens sobre a Angola em Paty de Alferes
Revista # 17: Mestres Paulinho da Viola e Zeca Pagodinho . Rio, outubro, 2001
Obs.: Capoeira e samba são partes da grande família cultural afro-brasileira!
Revista # 18: Um CD especial de capoeira para Lisboa e Paris . Lisboa, novembro, 2001
Revista 19: Fado, Capoeira, Gargouilles e Exu . Paris, dezembro, 2001
AN0 2002
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
Revista # 20: Espaço mestre Djalma Bandeira. Rio, fevereiro - 2002
Revista # 21: Oito chamadas de Angola. Rio, março, 2002
Revista # 22: Capoeira no Rio Antigo: A Importância dos Gracie. Rio, maio, 2002
Obs.: Algumas manchetes significativas e surpreendentes
Revista # 23: A Capoeira e a TV Bandeirantes . Rio, julho, 2002
Revista # 24: Mais quatro chamadas de Angola. Rio, agosto, 2002
Revista # 25: Novo livro sobre Capoeiragem. Rio, setembro, 2002
ANO 2003
21.
22.
23.
24.
Revista # 26: Capoeira, ecos de uma noite de autógrafos. Rio, fevereiro, 2003
Revista # 27: “Ê moleque é tu!”. Rio, março, 2003
Revista # 28: Quem tem medo da Capoeira? Rio, abril, 2003
Revista # 29: O contraditório sacode a mesmice editorial no mundo da capoeiragem.
Por
Miltinho Astronauta. Apreciação crítica do livro A capoeiragem no Rio de Janeiro – Sinhozinho e
Rudof Hermanny. Rio de Janeiro, maio, 2003
25.
Revista # 31: Capoeiragem: “Nosso Jogo” - de Coelho Netto. Rio, agosto, 2003
Obs. Inclui uma parte especial: poema pela segunda vez premiado com o primeiro lugar
26.
Revista # 32: A Mulher Barbada da Praia de Itapoá. Rio, setembro, 2003
27.
Revista # 33: Mais três Chamadas de Angola. Rio, outubro, 2003
28.
Revista # 34: Literatura de Cordel e Cds de Capoeira . Rio, novembro, 2003
93
29.
Revista # 35: Capoeira no Rio de Janeiro de Hoje. Rio, dezembro, 2003
ANO 2004
30.
Revista # 36: Capoeira: um Cd de Natal! Rio, janeiro, 2004
Segunda Parte: Fora da Roda de Capoeira
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Revista # 20: Piscinão de Ramos & Administração Pública Eficaz. Rio, janeiro, 2002
Revista # 22: João do Chapéu Imperial. Rio, março, 2002
Revista # 21: Dívida Externada. Rio, fevereiro, 2002
Revista 25 : Jazz & música clássica. Nova Friburgo, RJ - outubro, 2002
Revista# 26: CUBA: Hasta Siempre! Havana, janeiro, 2003
Revista # 30: Morro do Borel (1º lugar em dois concursos de literatura)
AGRADECIMENTOS
SITES: Capoeiragem e Moringue
Sinhozinho: http://rohermanny.tripod.com/
Rudolf Hermanny: http://openlink.br.inter.net/rohermanny/
André Luiz Lacé Lopes: http://andrelace.cjb.net/
Moringue
http://www.rfo.fr/dossiers_info.php?iv=1&ip=12&ir=63&isr=1174&icp=1175&isc=1177
[email protected]
94

3. Coletânea de crônicas publicadas no Jornal dos Sports.

Transcrição

Documentos relacionados

Lista de documentos referência do Projeto MinC

2012 Colorado Brazil Fest Schedule