seismic data processing and analysis

Transcrição

SEISMIC DATA PROCESSING AND ANALYSIS
Bjørn Ursin, NTNU/UFBA
Milton J. Porsani, UFBA
November 24, 2015
SINOS WORKSHOP - RIO DE JANEIRO
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MAIN PROJECTS
Signal coherence measures
Signal slope estimation and extrapolation
Complex time-frequency analysis
Q-estimation and compensation
Extensions to 3-D
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AUTOMATIC DATA EXTRAPOLATION TO ZERO
OFFSET ALONG LOCAL SLOPE
Michelângelo G. da Silva, UFBA
* Geophysics, submitted
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ALGORITHMS
Compute local data derivatives
Estimate local slope using:
Total least squares or
Eigenvector of the struture tensor
Extrapolate data along local slope to zero offset
Stack gives zero-offset section without velocity analysis
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Figure 1: Geometry of total least squares estimation.
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Figure 2: Data extrapolation along local slope.
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Time(s)
0
0
1
Offset(km)
2
3
4
0
0
1
Offset(km)
2
3
4
0
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
1.5
0
1.5
2.0
2.0
-0.5
2.0
2.5
2.5
2.5
-1.0
x10 -3
3.0
3.0
3.0
0
1
2
AUT ZO
3
4
0
0.5
0.5
1.0
1.0
1.5
1.5
2.0
2.0
1
Offset(km)
2
3
0.5
DATA
0
0
0
1
2
AUT SLOPE
3
4
0
0
1
2
3
0.5
Time(s)
5
1.0
0
1.5
2.0
-5
2.5
2.5
3.0
3.0
2.5
x10 -4
NMO CORR
3.0
VEL ZO
VEL SLOPE
Figure 3: Synthetic data with little noise.
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0
1
Traces
2
3
4
0.5
0.5
Amplitude
1.0
Time(s)
__
__
__
__
1.5
Data
NMO stack
VEL slope
AUT slope
2.0
2.5
0
10
20
3.0
ZO DATA
30
40
50
Frequency (Hz)
60
70
80
AMPLITUDE SPECTRA
Figure 4: Synthetic data with little noise.
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Time(s)
0
0.6
Offset(ft)
1.2 1.8
x10 4
2.4
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
DATA
Time(s)
0
0.6
1.2
1.8
Offset(ft)
1.2 1.8
x10 4
2.4
0
0
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
0.6
Offset(ft)
1.2 1.8
x10 4
2.4
1
2
0.5
0
-0.5
3
4
5
6
-1.0
x10 -4
7
AUT ZO
x10 4
2.4
1
NMO CORR
0.6
0.6
1.2
1.8
AUT SLOPE
x10 4
2.4
0
0.6
1.2
1.8
x10 4
2.4
1
2
0.5
0
-0.5
3
4
5
6
-1.0
x10 -4
VEL ZO
7
VEL SLOPE
Figure 5: CMP 900 of the Hess 2D VTI data set.
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0
1
Traces
2
3
4
__
__
__
__
1
Amplitude
Time(s)
2
3
4
0.5
Data
NMO stack
VEL slope
AUT slope
5
6
7
0
ZO DATA
10
20
30
40
50
Frequency (Hz)
60
70
80
AMPLITUDE SPECTRA
Figure 6: CMP 900 of the Hess 2D VTI data set.
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Time(s)
0
1
2
Distance(ft)
3
4
5
6
x10 4
7
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
ZERO OFFSET
1
2
Distance(ft)
3
4
5
6
x10 4
7
AUT SLOPE STACK
Figure 7: Stack section of the Hess 2D VTI data set.
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Time(s)
0
1
2
Distance(ft)
3
4
5
x10 4
7
6
0
1
1
2
2
3
3
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
VEL SLOPE STACK
1
2
Distance(ft)
3
4
5
6
x10 4
7
NMO STACK
Figure 8: Stack section of the Hess 2D VTI data set.
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0
1
2
Distance(ft)
3
4
5
6
x10 4
7
Time(s)
0.5
ZERO
1.0
OFFSET
1.5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
x10 4
7
Time(s)
0.5
AUT SLOPE
STACK
1.0
1.5
Figure 9: Hess 2D VTI data set.
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0
1
2
Distance(ft)
3
4
5
6
x10 4
7
Time(s)
0.5
VEL SLOPE
1.0
STACK
1.5
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
x10 4
7
Time(s)
0.5
NMO
STACK
1.0
1.5
Figure 10: Hess 2D VTI data set.
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1
2
3
Distance(ft)
4
5
x10 4
6
7
8
Time(s)
2
NEAR
OFFSET
3
x10 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Time(s)
2
AUT SLOPE
STACK
3
Figure 11: Gulf of Mexico data set.
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1
2
3
Distance(ft)
4
5
x10 4
6
7
8
Time(s)
2
VEL SLOPE
STACK
3
x10 4
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Time(s)
2
NMO
STACK
3
Figure 12: Gulf of Mexico data set.
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CONCLUSIONS
Data derivatives and total least squares give local slope field
I Applications:
Stereotomography
Pre-stack time migration
Dip filtering
Data extrapolation along local slope to zero offset gives
Automatic generation of zero-offset section without velocity analysis
or mute
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A combined Wigner-Ville and maximum entropy method
for high-resolution time-frequency analysis
of seismic data
Ibrahim Zoukaneri, UFBA
* Geophysics, VOL.80, NO.6 (November-December 2015); P.O1-O11.
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Time-frequency Analysis of Crossing Chirps
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Time-frequency Analysis of Seismic Trace
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Sliding-window maximum entropy method
time-frequency analysis
Marcus C. B. Andrade, UFBA
NTNU & UFBA
21 / 24
Time-frequency Analysis of Crossing Chirps
0
Frequency(Hz)
0
100
1
Frequency(Hz)
Freq.(Hz)
Freq.(Hz)
0
0
100
1
0
0
100
1
Freq.(Hz)
0
0
Freq.(Hz)
100 0
0
1
100
1
Time(s)
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
0
-2
4
4
4
4
4
MEM-WV
Burg
Burg
Marple
Marple
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
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Time-frequency Analysis of Seismic Trace
0
Frequency(Hz)
0
50
1
Frequency(Hz)
Freq.(Hz)
Freq.(Hz)
0
0
50
0
0
50
1
1
Freq.(Hz)
0
0
Freq.(Hz)
50
1
0
0
50
1
Time(s)
2
2
2
2
2
2
3
3
3
3
3
1
0
4
4
4
MEM-WV
(a)
Burg
(b)
4
Burg
(c)
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4
Marple
Marple
(d)
(e)
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THANK YOU
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24 / 24

seismic data processing and analysis

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