Die Fresnel RDF Display Sprache

Transcrição

Universität Stuttgart, Institut für Visualisierung und interaktive Systeme
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Semantic Web Technologien
Jiemin Gong
06.07.2007
Überblick
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Einführung

Fresnel Display Vocabulary

Fresnel Core Vocabulary
Lens-Core
Format-Core
Fresnel Extended Vocabulary
Lens-Extended
Format-Extended
Group Vocabulary
Fresnel Selector Language

Fresnel zwei grundlegende Konzepte
Basic Selector
FSL Selector
SPARQL Selector
Fresnel Implementierung
Zusammenfassung & Ressourcen
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Einführung
Defintion: „Fresnel is a simple, browserindependent vocabulary for specifying how
RDF graphs are presented.” [1]
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Die Fresnel Ablauf kann in drei Schritte auf geteilt werden:
1. Selection: die Teile des RDF Graph mit Lenses
auszuwählen und zu ordnen.
2. Formatting: auf den Baum anzuwenden und Informationen
über Formatierung hinzufügen
3. Output Generation: HTML Dokumente (in Longwell), SVG
Dokumente (in IsaViz), XML trees, PDF Dokumente, plain text
Dokumente...
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zwei grundlegenden Konzepte von Fresnel
Die zwei grundlegenden Konzepte von Fresnel sind Lenses and Formats.
Definition: „Lenses specify which properties of RDF resources are
shown and how these properties are ordered.” [1]
Definition: „Formats indicate how to format content selected by
lenses and optionally generate additional static content and hooks in
the form of CSS class names that can be used to style the output
through external CSS style sheets. ” [1]
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Überblick

Einführung

Lens-Core
Format-Core
Lens-Extended
Format-Extended
Group Vocabulary
Basic Selector
FSL Selector
SPARQL Selector
FresnelImplementierung
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The Fresnel Display vocabulary ist in vier Module aufgeteilt:
Lens-Core, the basic vocabulary for defining and relating lenses.
Format-Core, the basic vocabulary for specifying formats.
Lens-Extended, additional terms for relating lenses and for using
lens inheritance.
Format-Extended, advanced format selector, media type and
format purpose vocabularies.
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The Core Lens Vocabulary
The core lens vocabulary is used to define:

the set of instances to which a lens applies,
the properties to be displayed,
the ordering of these properties,
the purpose of a lens,
how to display related instances using lenses and
sublenses (e.g. a person with her publications).
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Beispiel
:PersonLens a fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:classLensDomain foaf:Person ;
fresnel:showProperties (
foaf:name
foaf:mbox
[rdf:type fresnel:PropertyDescription;
fresnel:alternateProperties (
foaf:depiction foaf:img p3p:image ) ] ) .
:nameFormat a fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:propertyFormatDomain foaf:name ;
fresnel:label "Name" .
:mboxFormat a fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:propertyFormatDomain foaf:mbox ;
fresnel:label "Mailbox" ;
fresnel:value fresnel:externalLink ;
fresnel:valueFormat [ fresnel:contentAfter "," ] .
:depictFormat a fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:propertyFormatDomain foaf:depiction ;
fresnel:label fresnel:none ;
fresnel:value fresnel:image .
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Lens
Zwei verschiedene Fresnel Lens Domain Eigenschaften:
fresnel:instanceLensDomain
fresnel:classLensDomain
FSL Selector und SPARQL Selector: nur
fresnel:instanceLensDomain, keine
fresnel:classLensDomain zu verwenden
fresnel:showProperties and fresnel:hideProperties: definiert welche
Eigenschaften angezeigt werden.
Fresnel: mergeProperties and fresnel: alternateProperties handle
cases of properties that should be displayed together or used as
fallbacks (irregularity of data)
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Beispiel
# a lens applying to resource http://example.org#foo
:exLens rdf:type fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:instanceLensDomain <http://example.org#foo> .
# a lens applying to all instances of class foaf:Person
:foafPersonLens rdf:type fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:classLensDomain foaf:Person .
# a lens applying to resource http://example.org#foo
:exLens rdf:type fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "*[uri(.) = 'http://example.org#foo']"^^fresnel:fslselector .
:foafPersonShortLens rdf:type fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:showProperties ( foaf:name
foaf:mbox
foaf:homepage
fresnel:allProperties );
fresnel:hideProperties ( dc:creator
dc:date ) .
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Lens Purpose Vocabulary

Zweck werden spezifiziert, mit der fresnel:purpose Eigenschaften.
fresnel:defaultLens bezweckt ein default Lens für eine bestimmte Klasse
anzugeben. Browser werden entscheiden, in Situationen wenn es mehrere
anwendbare Lenses gibt eine Lens mit Zweck fresnel:defaultLens anzuzeigen.
fresnel:labelLens Zweck zeigt eine Lens an, die einen kurzen Mensch-lesbar
Label für ein Instance der spezielle Klass bereitstellt.
Beispiel:
:foafPersonLabelLens rdf:type fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:purpose fresnel:labelLens ;
fresnel:showProperties foaf:name .
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Sublenses
Sublenses
Verwenden eine existierende Lens wieder, um die
Details von einem Objekt des momentanen Subjekt
anzuzeigen.
mehrer fresnel:sublens spezifizieren
funktioniert für Lens Rekursion, die Tiefe für eine
obere Grenze von Sublens calls spezifizieren,
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Recursive Sublenses
:personLens rdf:type fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:showProperties ( foaf:name
foaf:mbox
foaf:nick
foaf:homepage
[ rdf:type fresnel:PropertyDescription ;
fresnel:property foaf:knows ;
fresnel:sublens :personLens ;
fresnel:depth "5"^^xsd:nonNegativeInteger ] ).
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Core format vocabulary
Der Core Format Vocabulary wird benutzt, um RDF
Eigenschaften zu Formatierung, indem es definiert :
Wie eine Eigenschaft bezeichnet wird
Wie die Werte der Eigenschaft angezeigt werden
Welche zusätzlichen Inhalten wie Kommas und Perioden
zwischen und nach Werte von Eigenschaften angezeigt
werden.
Bezüge zu CSS Klassen welche Schrift, Farbe, Grenzen und
andere Styling Attribute definiert
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Applying format
Format für RDF Eigenschaften und Instances: fresnel:Format
Formatting Eigenschaft: fresnel:propertyFormatDomain
Formatting Ressource: fresnel:classFormatDomain,
fresnel:instanceFormatDomain
Eigenschaft Label: fresnel:label (fresnel:show, default) oder
nicht (fresnel:none).
Eigenschaft Werte: fresnel:value (Bild, clickable external
Links, Uniform Ressource Identifier(URI) )
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Beispiel: Format
fresnel:showProperties (
foaf:name
foaf:mbox
[rdf:type fresnel:PropertyDescription ;
fresnel:property "foaf:knows[foaf:Person]"^^fresnel:fslSelector;
fresnel:sublens :PersonLabelLens] ) ;
fresnel:group :FOAFmainGroup .
:PersonLabelLens a fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:showProperties ( foaf:name ) ;
fresnel:group :FOAFsubGroup .
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:nameFormat a fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:label "Name" ;
:mboxFormat a fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:label "Mailbox" ;
fresnel:valueFormat [ fresnel:contentAfter "," ] ;
:friendsFormat a fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:label "Friends" ;
fresnel:group :FOAFsubGroup .
:FOAFmainGroup a fresnel:Group .
:FOAFsubGroup a fresnel:Group .
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Beispiele: Display Eigenschaft Werte
:depictFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:value fresnel:image .
:knowsFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:propertyFormatDomain foaf:homepage ;
fresnel:value fresnel:externalLink .
:knowsFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:value fresnel:uri .
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Box Model
Example Instantiation of the Box Model
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Fresnel Abstract Box Model
Abstract Box Model Element
Description
Resource Box
The resource box is a region that surrounds all properties of a single
resource.
Usage example: specifying a border around the region that
surrounds all properties of an instance.
Property Box
The property box is a region that surrounds the area used to display
a single property.
Usage example: Specifying the background color of the whole area
that represents a property.
Label Box
The label box contains the label of a property.
Value Box
The value box contains one property value.
If the property value is displayed using a sublens, the value box will
contain the resource box associated with the value.
Container Box
The container box is not part of core but of the extended format
vocabulary. It is listed here only for the sake of completeness.
The container box surrounds all instances that are currently
displayed.
Usage example: Specifying the background color of the whole
representation (e.g. of an HTML page, or SVG diagram).
A container box contains a set of resource boxes.
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Beispiel Format
:foafGroup rdf:type fresnel:Group ;
fresnel:stylesheetLink <http://www.example.org/example.css> ;
fresnel:containerStyle "background-color: white;"^^fresnel:stylingInstructions;
:foafPersonFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:classFormatDomain foaf:Person ;
fresnel:resourceStyle "background-color: gray;"^^fresnel:stylingInstructions ;
fresnel:group :foafGroup .
:nameFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:propertyStyle "border-top: solid black;"^^fresnel:stylingInstructions ;
fresnel:labelStyle "font-weight: bold;"^^fresnel:stylingInstructions ;
:urlFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:propertyFormatDomain foaf:homepage ;
fresnel:labelStyle "font-weight: bold;"^^fresnel:stylingInstructions ;
:depictFormat rdf:type fresnel:Format ;
fresnel:label fresnel:none ;
fresnel:value fresnel:image ;
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Beispiel: Box Model
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Extended Lens Vocabulary
Die Extended Lens Vocabulary enthält zusätzlich
Ausdrücke für:
Die spezifizierung wechselnder und verbundener
Eigenschaften
Lens inheritance
Suchen nach Sublenses
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Extended Format Vocabulary
Die Extended Format Vocabulary stellt zur Verfügung
für:

Selector pseude-classes wie :link, :visited, oder :hover
Enthaltene external Media Datei wie Videos und Audios
Verlinken direkt zu CSS Stylesheet
Unterstützung Format für verschiedene Ausgabe Media
Einbindung CSS/SVG Styling Anweisungen direkt in eine
Fresnel Stylesheet
Fresnel ermöglicht Lenses und Format zu Gruppe
zusammenzufassen, so daß Browser einfach feststellen
können, welche Lens und Format zusammen funktionieren.
Ein Browser sollte Fresnel Gruppe berücksichtigen bei
der Auswahl von die default und Label Lenses
der Festlegung der Spezifikation von Formats und Lenses
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Grouping Formats and Lenses
Fresnel allows lenses and formats to be grouped so that
browsers can easily determine which lenses and formats
work together.
fresnel: Groups
A browser should consider Fresnel groups when:
selecting default and label lenses
determining the specificity of formats and lenses
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Überblick

Einführung

Lens-Core
Format-Core
Lens-Extended
Format-Extended
Group Vocabulary

Basic Selector
FSL Selector
SPARQL Selector
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Fresnel Selector
Fresnel includes three different selector languages:
Simple Selectors: Simple selectors are the easiest but least
expressive way to point at elements of RDF models. A simple
selector is a URI reference represented as a QName (qualified
name), which is interpreted as an instance, a class, or a
property depending on the context (lens domain selector,
format domain selector, property selector).
FSL Selectors (The Fresnel Selector Language) : FSL is
strongly inspired by XPath, and was created by adapting the
XPath syntax and concepts to RDF's graph-based model and
by deriving pieces from different RDFPath proposals.
SPARQL Selectors: SPARQL queries used within Fresnel
must always return exactly one node set, meaning that only
one variable is allowed in the query's SELECT clause.
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Beispiel
Simple Selectors
:foafPersonLens rdf:type fresnel:Lens ;
fresnel:classLensDomain foaf:Person .
SPARQL Selectors
„SELECT ?person
WHERE { ?person rdf:type foaf:Person .
?person foo:age ?age . FILTER ?age < 30 } "ˆˆfresnel:sparqlSelector
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FSL Selector
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The Fresnel Selector Language (FSL): a language for modeling
traversal paths in RDF graphs.
Graph Entity: to refer to both nodes(resources and literals)
and arcs(properties) of a graph.
FSL Expression: represents a path from a graph entity to
another graph entity, passing by an arbitrary number of other
graph entities.
Location step: each step on the path
Location step: AxisSpecifier::TypeTest[Predicates]
• Predicate: is to be interpreted as a filtering condition on a
location step, as XPath predicates.
Path: made of location steps.
Core Function Library
• Function: number count(graph-entity-set)
• Function: string uri(graph-entity-set)
• Function: string exp(string)
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Beispiel
:exampleLens a fresnel:Lens;
# exampleLens' domain: all resources
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "*"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# exampleLens' domain: all resources of type foaf:Person
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "foaf:Person"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# exampleLens' domain: all resources of type foaf:Person that foaf:knows another resource
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "foaf:Person[foaf:knows]"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# exampleLens' domain: all resources of type foaf:Person that foaf:knows another resource of type
foaf:Person
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "foaf:Person[foaf:knows/foaf:Person]"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# properties to be shown for resources handled by this lens: dc:title
fresnel:showProperties "dc:title"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# properties to be shown for resources handled by this lens: all properties
fresnel:showProperties "*"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# properties to be shown for resources handled by this lens: foaf:knows properties, provided that #
their value is a resource typed as a foaf:Person
fresnel:showProperties "foaf:knows[foaf:Person]"^^fresnel:fslselector.
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Beispiel
:exampleLens a fresnel:Lens;
# the domain of this lens is all resources that have both
# a foaf:surname property and a foaf:firstName property
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "*[foaf:surname and foaf:firstName]"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# the domain of this lens is all foaf:Person resources that are
# known by another resource, that know another resource, or both
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "foaf:Person[foaf:knows or in::foaf:knows]"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# domain: all foaf:Person resources that have an ex:age property value of "47"
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "foaf:Person[ex:age/"47"]"^^fresnel:fslselector.
# Lens for foaf:Person instances that know at least five other resourc
fresnel:instanceLensDomain "foaf:Person[count(foaf:knows) >=5]"ˆˆfresnel:fslSelector;
# and which shows the foaf:name property of all foaf:Person instances known by the curren resource
fresnel:showProperties ( "foaf:knows/foaf:Person/foaf:name"ˆˆfresnel:fslSelector).
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Path
Expression
Evaluation
Context
Primary Selection
First
location
step
Last
location
step
Returns
fresnel:showPrope
rties
All properties associated with the
current resource
Arc
Arc
The properties
identified by the
last location step
fresnel:hidePropert
ies
All properties associated with the
current resource
Arc
Arc
The properties
identified by the
last location step
fresnel:instanceLe
nsDomain
All resources in the RDF model
to be displayed
A single node location step
The resources
identified by the
location step
fresnel:instanceFor
matDomain
All resources in the RDF model
to be displayed
The resources
identified by the
location step
fresnel:sublens
All resources typed as
fresnel:Lens (or a subclass of) in
the Fresnel transformation RDF
model
The resources
identified by the
location step
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Überblick

Einführung

Lens-Core
Format-Core
Lens-Extended
Format-Extended
Group Vocabulary

Basic Selector
FSL Selector
SPARQL Selector

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Fresnel ist von den folgenden RDF Browsern implementiert:
Longwell /Piggy Bank (SIMILE/W3C/MIT): Web-based
faceted Semantic Web browser
Horus (Freie Universität Berlin): Another Web-based browser
IsaViz (W3C/INRIA): Visual authoring tool for RDF models
represented as node-link diagrams
Cardovan: Java/SWT-based browser and editor
...
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Longwell
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IsaViz
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Einführung

Lens-Core
Format-Core
Lens-Extended
Format-Extended
Group Vocabulary
Basic Selector
FSL Selector
SPARQL Selector
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Zusammenfassung
Ziel von Entwurf der Fresnel RDF Display Sprache
Fresnel Lens Vocabulary
Fresnel Format Vocabulary
Fresnel Selector Language Selector
Longwell
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Die Frnel RDF Display Sprache
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Ressourcen
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[1] Emmanuel Pietriga, Christian Bizer, David Karger, and Ryan Lee: Fresnel: A
Browser-Independent Presentation Vocabulary for RDF
http://sites.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/suhl/bizer/pub/Fresnel-ISWC2006.pdf

[2] Emmanuel Pietriga: Fresnel Selector Language for RDF (FSL)
http://www.w3.org/2005/04/fresnel-info/fsl/ (2005)

[3] Chris Bizer, Ryan Lee, Emmanuel Pietriga: Fresnel - Display Vocabulary for
RDF
http://www.w3.org/2005/04/fresnel-info/manual/ (2005)

[4] W3C: Resource Description Framework (RDF): Concepts and Abstract Syntax
http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-concepts/ (2004)

[5] SIMILE: Longwell RDF Browser (2003-2005)
http://simile.mit.edu/longwell/

[6] Steer, D.: BrownSauce: An RDF Browser.
http://www.xml.com/pub/a/2003/02/05/brownsauce.html (2003)
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Ressourcen

[7] SIMILE: Welkin. http://simile.mit.edu/welkin/ (2004-2005)

[8] Pietriga, E.: IsaViz: A Visual Authoring Tool for RDF
http://www.w3.org/2001/11/IsaViz/ (2001-2006)

[9] FOAFers: Friend-of-a-Friend (FOAF). http://www.foaf-project.org/ (2001)

[10] Erdmann, T.I., Bizer, C.: Horus RDF Browser
http://www.wiwiss.fu-berlin.de/suhl/bizer/rdfapi/tutorial/horus/ (2005)

[11] Huynh, D.: Haystack’s User Interface Framework: Tutorial and Reference
http://haystack.lcs.mit.edu/documentation/ui.pdf (2003)

[12] Prud’hommeaux, E., Seaborne, A.: SPARQL Query Language for RDF.
http://www.w3.org/TR/rdf-sparql-query/ (2005)

[13] Clark, J., DeRose, S.: XML Path Language (XPath) version 1.0.
http://www.w3.org/TR/xpath (1999)
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Vielen Dank für Ihre Aufmerksamkeit!
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