“The Ski Worldcup at Christmas” – Die Saslong Classic Der
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“The Ski Worldcup at Christmas” – Die Saslong Classic Der
ESCAPE, MIGRATION AND TOURISM PERSPECTIVES OF HOSPITALITY Prof. Harald Pechlaner / Christian Nordhorn Chair of Tourism; Catholic University Eichstaett-Ingolstadt FAQs 2 Why escape and tourism? From an ethical perspective, is it currently ok to visit islands like Kos and Lesbos? How do refugees influence the booking behavior? How do tourists react in the destinations? What are the consequences for the destination in a short and in a long term? Pechlaner / Nordhorn 3 Source: bbc.co.uk/newsbeat Pechlaner / Nordhorn 4 Commercial Hospitality (Tourism) Source: snhgroup.com Pechlaner / Nordhorn Hospitality towards Refugees Source: diepresse.com How a Record Number of Migrants Made their Way to Europe 5 The number of migrants and refugees who have entered Europe by sea and land this year has passed the one million mark, a long-expected but symbolically significant capstone to a year in which displaced people flocked to the Continent. NY Times 12/22/2015 Europe grapples with Migrant Surge More than 100.000 migrants have already arrived in Europe this year, meaning that more migrants have arrived in Europe in the first six weeks of 2016 than the first six months of last year. Australian Financial Review 02/25/2016 Dozens of Migrants Drown as European Refugee Crisis Continues More than 40 people — including 17 children — died when two wooden boats full of migrants trying to reach Greece sank early Friday morning. Pechlaner / Nordhorn NY Times 01/22/2016 Pope Francis, protect the Refugees from the Faciliators 6 The Vatican should establish a humanitarian corridor with the distribution of visas. l‘Espresso vom 30/04/2015 In Search for Accommodations („Aktion Herbergssuche läuft“) Diocese: The search for accommodation for refugees has begun – The voluntary participation of a number of parishes is a promising start Dolomiten 07/06/2015 Caritas-Hotel – There is still a Room left („Caritas-Hotel – Hier ist noch Platz“) In the Vienna Hotel Magdas it is the staff that has the longest journey behind them – the staff are refugees from around the world. Housed in a former retirement home, Caritas has helped them find a job. ZEIT 29/03/2015 Pechlaner / Nordhorn Migrant Crisis may hurt vital Greek Tourism Industry 7 As record numbers of migrants and refugees reach the shores of southern and eastern Europe, there are concerns that the refugee crisis is hitting Greece's lucrative tourism sector. CNBC 11/02/2015 Tourists, migrants share Greek island CNN 01/05/2016 Greece migrant crisis: Should I visit Kos? The migrant crisis in Kos, Lésvos and other popular Greek islands has left many holidaymakers reticent about visiting. Telegraph 09/10/2015 Pechlaner / Nordhorn 8 Source: cnn.com Pechlaner / Nordhorn 9 Source: cnn.com Pechlaner / Nordhorn Migrants and the Meaning for Greek Tourism 10 Bookings on Lesbos declined by 90 %, on Samos by 40 % Kathimerini, February 2016 Cruise Ships Change their Routes Seattle Times 06/29/2015 Pechlaner / Nordhorn Migrants and the Meaning for Greek Tourism 11 Bookings on Lesvos declined by 90 %, on Samos by 40 % Kathimerini, February 2016 Cruise Ships Change their Routes Tagesspiegel 2016; Skift.com 2016 Pechlaner / Nordhorn Migrants and the Meaning for Greek Tourism 12 Tagesspiegel 2016; Skift.com 2016 Carribean News Digital 2015 Pechlaner / Nordhorn Migrants and the Meaning for Greek Tourism 13 Bookings on Lesbos declined by 90 %, on Samos by 40 % Kathimerini, February 2016 Cruise Ships Change their Routes Tagesspiegel October 2016; Skift.com 2016 Increasing Volunteer-Tourism Tagesspiegel September 2016 Pechlaner / Nordhorn 14 Source: welt.de Pechlaner / Nordhorn 15 Lampedusa “The government must be abolished, they are the ones letting them in. They don‘t dare go to Lybia, as there is war there. So they come to us. They ruin tourism, it‘s bad advertising, as people think the refugees are running around our cities here. But they actually don‘t really bother us. Tourists are at the beaches and there appear to be no problems, but foreigners think the refugees are all over. Now they have a new facility.“ (Friese 2014 : 158) Source: welt.de Pechlaner / Nordhorn 16 Lampedusa With the developing tourism sector came the conflict between the family-owned lodging businesses, the paying guests, and the refugees. Additionally, the increased militarization is being unanimously criticized: „The island is in the hands of the military and the refugees, we have become an open air camp.“ (Friese 2014 : 159) Source: welt.de Pechlaner / Nordhorn 17 Source: spiegel.de Pechlaner / Nordhorn 18 Pechlaner / Nordhorn 19 Source: spiegel.de Pechlaner / Nordhorn Albanian Refugees in Greece „As service providers in the tourism industry, migrant workers are neither ‚proper hosts‘ nor are they guests. They challenge the touristic product which – especially in Crete – is strongly connected with authenticity, tradition and typical Cretan hospitality. Employers in the tourism industry employ them in great numbers, but often doubt their qualification and express an ambivalent if not hostile attitude towards them. (Lenz 2010: 41) Effects through Refugees in Tourism Destinations 20 Short Term Refugees arrive in Destination Media reports on the Arrival Tourists stay away Reaction of the Population Image of Migrants is changing Starting Jobs in the Tourism Sector Operate in the shadows / Tourist Gaze Long Term Refugees arrive in the destination Pechlaner / Nordhorn 21 Source of Picture: Grandhotel Cosmopolis 2015 In Anlehnung an Pechlaner/Raich 2007 Hospitality and Welcome Culture in Tourism 23 - Solely focusing on providing highest quality service does not suffice to keep customer satisfaction high The culture of relational quality is becoming increasingly important „Guestival - our Guests – our Friends“ In Central Switzerland, the year 2015 has been declared Year of Hospitality. 200 years of tourism in the region are celebrated and a variety of events and activities highlight the topic of hospitality. Source of Picture: gaestival.ch Pechlaner / Nordhorn 24 Bildquellen: Magdas Hotel 2016 Refugees are a gold mine for shabby Hotels Essentially, old and rundown hotels refurbish their rooms at the cost of their municipalities and communes. As they are the ones that pay high rent for refugee accommodation. The following calculation exemplifies how this is lucrative for hotels. Die Welt 12/16/2015 Source of Picture: rbb-online.de 2016 Source: FVW Medien GmbH 2015 26 “A Room for Refugees in Every Hotel” The radicalization of the debate around accommodating refugees is driving some hoteliers crazy. A hotelier from Spittal is publically calling out for “open houses”. Asylum in Augsburg A Refugee is a Guest as well Asylum facilities are often somewhat isolated, located well outside of city centers. At the “Grandhotel Cosmopolis”, hotel guests and asylum seekers share a common roof over their heads. The local authorities have praised this on many occasions. Kleine Zeitung 2014 Neue Züricher Zeitung 2015 The Association of Hotels and Restaurants will continue to train refugees Austria as a Host Country versus Austria‘s Refugee Politics Evangelische Kirche in Hessen 2015 Dear Members of the Austrian Association of Hoteliers, Austria is a world champion among host countries. Nevertheless, politicians are not capable of making sufficient shelter available for persecuted and other help-seeking foreigners. The needy are accommodated in wet tents or in special centers of custody for pending deportation. Children and adolescents have neither beds to sleep in nor a solid roof above them. Centers providing initial but temporary accommodation for new arrivals are overwhelmed and lack sufficient capacities. To us, this is inacceptable, it touches and aggrevates us. We have decided to help these refugees without further ado. Sepp Schellhorn has opened his employee lodging for refugees in Salzburg and we have opened the doors of our guesthouse in Vienna and of our employee lodging facilities in Lech to refugees. Österreichische Hoteliervereinigung 2015 Economy sees Refugees as Reservoir of Professionals (“Wirtschaft sieht Flüchtlinge als Fachkräftereservoir“) 29 Currently there is more immigration into Germany than there has been in the past 20 years. Most immigrants, however, are refugees seeking safety rather than employment. The DHK (German Chamber of Commerce) demands that this be changed. Süddeutsche Zeitung 06/09/2015 Asylum Seekers and Companies alike are Exasperated with the Law (“Asylbewerber und Firmen verzweifeln gemeinsam am Gesetz“) Many asylum seekers want to work. There are sufficiently many companies in Berlin that would like to employ them – but the law prevents this. Süddeutsche Zeitung 06/09/2015 Economy wants to Facilitate Employment of Asylum Seekers (Wirtschaft will Asylbewerber leichter in Jobs bringen) Pechlaner / Nordhorn In Germany, asylum applicants are not allowed to work at all within the first three months, and even after this period their chances at finding work are poor. Leading economy representatives are demanding that national as well as state politics bring a change to this. Spiegel Online 06/15/2015 Limits and Borders of Hospitality Infrastructural borders Emotional borders Exhausted capacities (shelter, education, training, etc.) Locals feel disadvantaged Cultural/emotional borders breached due to lack of mutual respect Lack of or intrusion into privacy Imbalance or unidirectional hospitality (one party loses joy) Pechlaner / Nordhorn Kayed, 2003 Source of Picture: wordpress.com Pechlaner / Nordhorn New Hospitality? 32 Pechlaner, H.; Poppe, X.; Nordhorn, C. 2015 Pechlaner / Nordhorn Thank you for your attention! [email protected] [email protected] 33 Questions for Discussion 34 1. 2. 3. Does conditional hospitality require a certain engagement in unconditional hospitality in order to maintain its authenticity? Developing a sustainable regional- and destination development, what are potential points of conflict between guests and hosts, i.e. between refugees and local community? How should touristic destinations handle the current refugee situation? Pechlaner / Nordhorn