Treadmill training and body weight support for walking after

MESTRADO EM FISIOTERAPIA
PROVA DE LÍNGUA ESTRANGEIRA
Nome do Aluno (a): ____________________________________________________ Data: _______________
Questão 1. Faça uma tradução literal do texto abaixo:
Treadmill training and body weight support for walking after stroke
QUESTION: We wanted to assess whether treadmill training and body weight support, individually
or in combination, could improve walking when compared with other gait training methods,
placebo or no treatment. BACKGROUND: About 60% of people who have had a stroke have
difficulties with walking, and improving walking is one of the main goals of rehabilitation. Treadmill
training, with or without body weight support, uses specialist equipment to assist walking practice.
STUDY CHARACTERISTICS: We identified 44 relevant trials, involving 2,658 participants, up to June
2013. Twenty-two studies (1,588 participants) compared treadmill training with body weight
support to another physiotherapy intervention; 16 studies (823 participants) compared treadmill
training without body weight support to other physiotherapy intervention, no intervention or
sham; two studies (100 participants) compared treadmill training with body weight support to
treadmill training without body weight support; and four studies (147 participants) did not state
whether they used body weight support or not. The average age of the participants ranged from 50
to 75 years, and the studies were carried out in both inpatient and outpatient settings. KEY
RESULTS AND QUALITY OF THE EVIDENCE: The results of this review were partly conclusive. People
after stroke who receive treadmill training with or without body weight support are not more likely
to improve their ability to walk independently. The quality of this evidence was low. However,
treadmill training with or without body weight support may improve walking speed and walking
capacity compared with people not receiving treadmill training. The quality of this evidence was
moderate. More specifically, people after stroke who are able to walk at the start of therapy appear
to benefit most from this type of intervention, but people who are not able to walk independently
at therapy onset do not benefit. This review found that improvements in walking speed and
endurance in people who can walk may have persisting beneficial effects.
Referência: Mehrholz J, Pohl M, Elsner B. Treadmill training and body weight support for walking after
stroke. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2014; Issue 1
Questão 2. Leia atentamente o texto e responda as questões abaixo:
Patients undergoing cardiac surgery are at risk of postoperative pulmonary complications
such as pneumonia. These complications prolong postoperative recovery and may even lead to
death. Increased physical fitness improves people's functional capacity, including their lungs, and
could result in individuals being better prepared to withstand the consequences of the physical
stress of surgery.
The authors of this review evaluated the efficacy and safety of preoperative physical
therapy with an exercise component in cardiac surgery patients. From the pertinent literature,
eight studies met the inclusion criteria, comprising a total of 856 participants. The results showed
that preoperative physical therapy reduced the number of patients who experienced atelectasis or
pneumonia but not the number of patients who experienced pneumothorax, prolonged ventilation
or postoperative death. Patients who had preoperative physical therapy had an earlier (on average
by more than three days) discharge from the hospital. Information on adverse events was limited
but those studies that did report on adverse events reported none. None of the studies reported on
the costs of preoperative physical therapy.
The authors concluded that preoperative physical therapy, especially inspiratory muscle
training, prevents some postoperative complications including atelectasis, pneumonia, and length
of hospital stay.
Referência: Hulzebos EHJ, Smit Y, Helders PPJM, van Meeteren NLU. Preoperative physical therapy for
elective cardiac surgery patients. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews 2012, Issue 11.
Questões:
1) Segundo o texto acima, quais são os benefícios de aumentar aptidão física no contexto
apresentado?
2) Qual foi o objetivo desta revisão sistemática?
3) Segundo a revisão, quais foram os resultados encontrados?