Biology, Ecology and Behaviour of Aphidophagous Insects

Ecology of Aphidophaga:
Biology, Ecology and Behaviour of
Aphidophagous Insects
Proceedings of the 8th International Symposium
Ponta Delgada 1-6 September 2002
António O. Soares, Maria A. Ventura,
Vasco Garcia & Jean-Louis Hemptinne (Eds)
Arquipélago - Life and Marine Sciences
Supplement 5
2003
ARQUIPÉLAGO
Life and Marine Sciences. Bulletin of the University of the Azores.
PUBLISHER
University of the Azores, Rua Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422
PT - 9501-801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal.
GUEST EDITORS FOR SUPPLEMENT 5
António O. Soares, Maria A. Ventura, Vasco Garcia & Jean-Louis Hemptinne
INFORMATION ON THE INTERNET
Abstracts of all papers as well as instructions to authors are available on the Internet at:
http://www.horta.uac.pt/editions/arquipelago.html
SCIENTIFIC COMMITTEE FOR THIS SUPPLEMENT
Professor Ivo Hodek
Professor Anthony F. G. Dixon
Professor Manfred Mackauer
Professor Pavel Kindlmann
Professor Edward W. Evans
Professor Daniel Coderre
Professor Jean-Louis Hemptinne
Professor Hironori Yasuda
EDITORIAL SECRETARIAT
Helen Rost Martins, João M. Gonçalves, Rogério R. Ferraz, Horta.
Indexed in:
Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Abstracts (ASFA), BIOSIS, Current Awareness in Biological Sciences
(CABS), Marine Science Content Tables (MSCT), Zoological Record
Biology, Ecology and Behaviour of Aphidophagous Insects
For purpose of citation, this supplement should be cited as follows:
A.O. SOARES, M.A. VENTURA, V. GARCIA & J.-L. HEMPTINNE (Eds) 2003. Proceedings of the 8th International
Symposium on Ecology of Aphidophaga: Biology, Ecology and Behaviour of Aphidophagous Insects.
Arquipélago. Life and Marine Sciences. Supplement 5: x + 112 pp.
i
8th International Symposium on Ecology of Aphidophaga
University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, 1-6 September 2002
ORGANIZATION
SPONSORS
ii
Biology, Ecology and Behaviour of Aphidophagous Insects
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAG.
PREFACE
v
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
vi
GROUP PHOTO
ix
DIXON, A.F.G. & J.-L. HEMPTINNE
Ladybirds and the biological control of aphid populations.
WIESSER, W.W.
Additive effects of pea aphid natural enemies despite intraguild predation.
1
11
BUENO, V.H.P., A.B. CARNEVALE & M.V.SAMPAIO
Host preference of Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson) (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae) for Myzus persicae
(Sulzer) and Aphis gossypii Glover (Hemiptera: Aphididae).
17
SCHELT, J.- V. & F. WÄCKERS.
The biological control of Aulacorthum solani (Kaltenbach) (Homoptera: Aphididae) in greenhouse
grown pepper; research on a tri-trophic system.
21
MAGRO, A., J-L. HEMPTINNE, A. NAVARRE & A.F.G.DIXON
Comparison of the reproductive investment in Coccidophagous and Aphidophagous ladybirds
(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).
29
HEMPTINNE, J.-L., A.F.G. DIXON & E. WYSS
Biological control of the rosy apple aphid, Dysaphis plantaginea (Passerini) (Homoptera: Aphididae):
learning from the ecology of ladybird beetles.
SERPA, L., H. SCHANDERL, C. BRITO & A. O. SOARES
Fitness of five phenotypes of Harmonia axyridis Pallas (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).
33
43
SOARES, A.O., D. CODERRE & H. SCHANDERL
Influence of prey quality on the reproductive capacity of two phenotypes of Harmonia axyridis Pallas
(Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).
JAROŠÍK, V., J. POLECHOVÁ, A.F.G. DIXON & A. HONĚK
Developmental isomorphy in ladybirds (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).
KINDLMANN, P. & A.F.G. DIXON.
Past and future models of predator-prey population dynamics: the importance of generation time ratio.
51
55
65
FRÉCHETTE, B., C. ALAUZET & J.-L. HEMPTINNE
Oviposition behaviour of the two-spot ladybird beetle Adalia bipunctata (L.) (Coleoptera:
Coccinellidae) on plants with conspecific larval tracks.
GODEAU, J.-F., J.-L. HEMPTINNE & J.-C. VERHAEGHE
Ant trail: a highway for Coccinella magnifica Redtenbacher (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae).
73
79
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8th International Symposium on Ecology of Aphidophaga
University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, 1-6 September 2002
RŮŽIČKA, Z. & R. ZEMEK
Effects of conspecific and heterospecific larval tracks on mobility and searching patterns of Cycloneda
limbifer Say (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) females.
85
BASKY, Z.
Predators and parasitoids on different cereal aphid species under caged and no caged conditions in
Hungary.
95
FÉLIX, S. & A. O. SOARES
Intraguild predation among the aphidophagous ladybird beetles Harmonia axyridis Pallas and
Coccinella undecimpunctata L. (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): characterization of the direction and
symmetry.
103
SOARES, A.O., R. B. ELIAS & A. RAIMUNDO
Approach to the knowledge of Coccinellidade (Coleoptera) species diversity of Madeira and Porto
Santo Islands.
iv
107
Biology, Ecology and Behaviour of Aphidophagous Insects
PREFACE
Aphids and their natural enemies were central stage from 1st to 6th of September, 2002, at the
University of the Azores in Ponta Delgada. Aphids were recorded as major pests early in the XXth
Century (GAUMONT 1977) and continue to threaten field and greenhouse crops. As a consequence,
pesticides are used regularly and intensively, which hampers the move towards sustainable agriculture.
In theory, biological control of aphids is an alternative to chemical control but the record of biological
control is not good (DIXON 2000). This does not mean that biological control should be abandoned. On
the contrary, we should attempt to improve it, and this is the main objective of the IOBC Working
Group “Ecology of aphidophaga”.
Traditionally the majority of the communications presented at the meetings of this Working Group
are on ladybird beetles. This was also the case at this meeting but the prominence of ladybirds was not a
deliberate attempt to restrict the scientific scope of the meeting. History partly explains the domination
of ladybirds. The outstanding success of Rodolia cardinalis in California many years ago still influences
these conferences. This is not the only explanation. Ladybirds are a good model organism for
improving our understanding of the role of natural enemies in regulating herbivore populations.
Parasitoids have, and continue to be used as models for studying predator prey dynamics. However, the
biology of parasitoids differs fundamentally from that of predators (DIXON 2000) and it is therefore
unlikely that studies on parasitoids will shed light on all the theoretical and practical aspects of the
interactions between prey and natural enemies. Studies on ladybirds complement those on parasitoids
and give a better understanding of why the biological control of aphids sometimes fails. This was
central to the interesting communications on predator-prey models, guild structure, fundamental
biology and applications presented at the meeting.
For practitioners confronted with aphid outbreaks, however, theoretical studies may seem a waste of
time. In the face of heavy economic losses immediate action often appears to be the only solution.
KAREIVA (1996) has highlighted the risks of a “hit and miss” approach to biological control. However,
a “search and wait” strategy, in which all efforts are directed to research while farmers sit and wait for a
solution, is not practical. The future is a trade-off between research and practice. In theory there is an
infinity of possible trade-offs, but which is the best? In Ponta Delgada the Scientific Committee decided
that the Working Group should provide opportunities for practitioners of biological control and
scientists to meet and discuss mutual problems. Through exchange of ideas and discussion of field
results the right trade off will be approached and the gap between academics and practitioners of
biological control progressively reduced.
The meeting in Ponta Delgada was fruitful in both scientific and strategic terms. I thank the
University of the Azores for hosting the congress and the Local Committee for all its efforts and
dedication. Muito obrigado pela sua hospitalidade!
The next meeting will be held in Japan at Yamagata University in September 2005. The first
announcement is already on our web site (http://www.bf.jcu.cz/tix/strita/aphidophaga/main.html).
REFERENCES
DIXON, A.F.G. 2000. Insect predator-prey dynamics. Ladybird beetles & biological control. Cambridge University
Press. 257 pp.
GAUMONT, L. 1977. L’importance économique des aphides (Texte inédit publié à l’occasion du centenaire de sa
naissance). Annales de Zoologie-Ecologie animale 9: 173-180.
KAREIVA, P. 1996. Contribution of ecology to biocontrol. Ecology 77: 1964-1965.
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8th International Symposium on Ecology of Aphidophaga
University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, 1-6 September 2002
LIST OF PARTICIPANTS
Basky, Zsuzsa
Plant Protection Institute of the Hungarian
Academy of Sciences, P.O.B. 102 HU-1525
Budapest, Hungary. E-mail: [email protected]
Duelli, Peter
Swiss Federal Research Institute WSL,
Zuercherstr. 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf/Zürich,
Switzerland. E-mail: [email protected]
Bianchi, Félix
Alterra
Green
World
Research,
Droevendaalsesteeg 3, P.O.Box 47, NL-6700 AA
Wageningen,
Netherlands.
E-mail:
[email protected]
Evans Edward W.
Department of Biology, Utah State University,
Logan, UTA 84322-5305, USA. E-mail:
[email protected]
Boertjes, Bertin
Applied Plant Reseach, Linnaeuslaan 2a, NL1431 JV Aalsmeer, Netherlands. E-mail:
[email protected]
Félix, Sandra
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Branquart, Etienne
Belgian Biodiversity Platform / CRNFB Avenue
Maréchal Juin, 23 BE-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
E-mail: [email protected]
Fréchette, Bruno
Université Paul Sabatier. Laboratoire d'écologie
terrestre. UMR 5552. 118 route de Narbonne (4
R 3). FR-31062 Toulouse cedex 04. France.
Email: [email protected]
Brito, Carlos.
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Garcia, Vasco
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Bueno, Vanda H.P.
Department of Entomology, Federal University of
Lavras, P.O.Box 37, CEP-37200-000 Lavras,
MG, Brazil. E-mail: [email protected]
Godeau, Jean-François
Laboratoire De Zoologie (Université de MonsHainaut) Avenue du Champs de Mars, 6 BE-7000
Mons, Belgium. E-mail: jean-francois.godeau@
umh.ac.be
Coderre, Daniel
Département
des
Sciences
Biologiques,
Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888
Succ. Centre-ville, Montréal, Canada, H3C 3P8.
E-mail: [email protected]
Cunha, Regina.
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Dixon, Anthony F.G.
School of Biological Sciences, University of East
Anglia, Norwich, NR4 7TJ, UK. E-mail:
[email protected]
vi
Gonçalves, Ana M. S.
University Catholique de Louvan, Laboratoire de
Chimie des Interfaces, Croix du Sud 2 (bte 18)
BE-1348 Louvan-la-Neuve, Belgium. E-mail:
[email protected]
Grassewitz, Tessa
Harper Adams University College, Edgmond,
Newport Shropshire, TF 10 8NB, UK. Email:
[email protected]
Hemptinne, Jean-Louis
Ecole Nationale de Formation Agronomique, B.P.
87, FR-31326 Castanet-Tolosan, France. E-mail:
[email protected]
Biology, Ecology and Behaviour of Aphidophagous Insects
Hindayana, Dadan
Institute of Plant Pests and Diseases, Bogor
Agricultural University (IPB) Jl. Kamper,
Kampus IPB Darmaga Bogor, ID-16680 Bogor,
Indonesia. E-mail: [email protected]
Hodek, Ivo
Academy of Sciences of Czech Republic,
Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice,
Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected]
Honěk, Alois
Research Institute of Crop Production, Drnovská
507, CZ-161 06 Prague 6 - Ruzyně, Czech
Republic. E-mail [email protected]
Jarošík, Vojtech
Department of Zoology, Charles University,
Viničná 7, CZ-128 44 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
E-mail [email protected]
Kindlmann, Pavel
Faculty of Biological Science, University of
South Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05
České Budějovice, Czech Republic. E-mail:
[email protected]
Kontodimas, Dimitris
Benaki Phytopathological Institue, 8 Delta Str.
GR-14561 Kifissia (Athenes), Greece. Email:
[email protected]
Lourenço, Paula
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
M’Rabet, Salima M.
University Catholique de Louvan, Laboratoire de
Chimie des Interfaces, Croix du Sud 2 (bte 18),
BE-1348 Louvan-la-Neuve, Belgium. E-mail:
[email protected]
Machado, Ricardo
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Mackauer, Manfred
Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser
University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby,
British-Colombia V5A 156, Canada. E-mail:
[email protected]
Magro, Alexandra
Ecole Nationale de Formation Agronomique,
Jeune Equipe 000271JE1 Laboratoire d’Agroécologie, BP 87, FR-31326 Castanet-Tolosan,
France. E-mail: [email protected]
Martinkova, Zdenka
Research Institute of Crop Production, Drnovska
507 CZ-16106 Praha 6-Ruzyne, Czech Republic.
E-mail: [email protected]
Martins, António P.
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Ng, Sook M.
Department of Zoology, University of Malaya,
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Nedved, Oldrich
Institute of Entomology, University of South
Bohemia, Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05 České
Budějovice, Czech Republic. E-mail: nedved@
bf.jcu.cz
Oliveira, Luisa.
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Resendes, Roberto
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Robert, Pierre-Emmanuel
Imperial College at Wye, University of London,
c/o MCR, Imperial College at Wye, Ashford, TN
25 5AH, UK. E-mail: Pierre-emmanuel.robert@
ic.ac.uk
Růžička, Zdenik
Institute of Entomology, Academy of Sciences,
Branišovská 31, CZ-370 05 České Budějovice,
Czech Republic. E-mail: [email protected]
vii
8th International Symposium on Ecology of Aphidophaga
University of the Azores, Ponta Delgada, 1-6 September 2002
Sato, Satoru
United Graduate School of Agricultural Science,
Iwate University, Wakaba-cho 1-23 Tsuruoka
Yamagata JP-997-8555 Japan. E-mail: hyasuda@
tds1.tr.yamagata-u.ac.jp
Schelt, Jeroen van
Koppert B.V., Veilingweg 17, NL-2650 AD
Berkel en Rodenrijs, The Netherlands;
Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-CTE),
Boterhoeksestraat 22, NL-6666 GA Heteren, The
Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected]
Serpa, Luis
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Soares, António O.
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Stathas, George
Benaki Phytopathological Institue, 8 Delta Str.,
GR-14561 Kifissia (Athenes), Greece. E-mail:
[email protected]
Takizawa, Tadashi
United Graduate School of Agricultural Science,
Iwate University, Wakaba-cho 1-23 Tsuruoka
viii
Yamagata
JP-997-8555
Japan.
[email protected]
E-mail:
Vanhaelen, Nicolas
Agricultural University of Gembloux, Unité de
Zoologie Générale et Appliquée, 2 Passage des
Déportés, BE-5030 Gembloux, Belgium. E-mail:
[email protected]
Ventura, Anunciação.
Department of Biology, University of the Azores,
Rua da Mãe de Deus, Apartado 1422. PT-9501801 Ponta Delgada, Azores, Portugal. E-mail:
[email protected]
Werf, Wopke van der
Group Crop & Weed Ecology, Wageningen
University, P.O.Box 430, NL-6700 AK
Wageningen, Netherlands. E-mail: wopke.
[email protected]
Weisser, Wolfgang W.
Institute
of
Ecology,
Friedrich-SchillerUniversity, Dornburger Str. 159, DE-07743 Jena,
Germany. E-mail: [email protected]
Yasuda, Hironori
Department of Animal Ecology, Department of
Agriculture,
Yamagata
University,
1-23,
Tsuruoka, Yamagata JP-997-8555, Japan. E-mail:
[email protected]
Biology, Ecology and Behaviour of Aphidophagous Insects
1 - António Martins
2 - Vanda Bueno
3 - Paula Lourenço
4 - Jeroen van Schelt
5 - Alois Honĕk
6 - Zdenka Martinkova
7 - Vojtech Jarošík
8 - Anunciação Ventura
9 - Oldrich Nedved
10 - Wolfgang W. Weisser
11 - Sandra Félix
12 - Roberto Resendes
13 - Zdenek Růžička
14 - Peter Duelli
15 - Felix Bianchi
16 - Tadashi Takizawa
17 - Jean-François Godeau
18 - Anthony F.G. Dixon
19 - Wopke van der Werf
20 - Satoru Sato
21 - Dimitris Kontodimas
22 - António Onofre Soares
23 - Bruno Fréchette
24 - Jean-Louis Hemptinne
25 - Alexandra Magro
26 - Sook Ming Ng
27 - Tessa Grasswitz
28 - Bertin Boertjes
29 - Salima Machkour M’Rabet
30 - Zsuzsa Basky
31 - Hironori Yasuda
32 - Dadan Hindayana
33 - George Stathas
34 - Voula Statha
35 - Theodora June Dixon
36 - Pierre-Emanuel Robert
37 - João Hemptinne
38 - Edward W. Evans
39 - Pavel Kindlmann
ix