08 Ingles1-resolucao.pmd

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INGLÊS
Read the following texts carefully and then answer the questions about
them.
TEXT 1
CULTURE
Her Cups Runneth Over
SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
Barbie turns 50—she looks good, doesn’t she?—
and gets dueling biographies as a gift.
(From left); Bettman-Corbis; Hulton Archive-Getty Images; Damien Donck
for Newsweek
A Doll’s House Divided: The Handlers in 1987 (left); Ryan and
Gabor in 1975
By Eliza Gray | NEWSWEEK
Published Feb 21, 2009
From the magazine issue dated Mar 2, 2009
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Barbie turns 50 next month, and to celebrate there are two new books, each
with a vastly different story about who deserves the credit for her evolution
from German gag gift to American icon. The characters are as provocative
and polarizing as Barbie herself. According to “Barbie and Ruth,” author
Robin Gerber’s hagiographic new account, the doll’s birthright belongs to
Handler, the curvaceous entrepreneur who was pushed out of Mattel in
1975. An alternate history of Barbie, told in Jerry Oppenheimer’s “Toy
Monster: The Big, Bad World of Mattel,” stars a man named Jack Ryan, the
self-destructive, bipolar designer who blueprinted the Barbie doll joint by
joint and held all the patents (and who was also pushed out of the company,
only to spend the rest of his life mourning his tarnished legacy). The narratives
don’t often line up, but they are in total agreement about their subjects’
shared passions: Barbie dolls and large breasts.
In her half century of existence, Barbie has become something of a
Rorschach test for views about modern feminine identity. Either she’s a
sunny, self-confident, good-time girl—Doris Day in miniature—or, more
commonly, she’s the original bimbo, a relic of postwar paternalism that teaches
its young owners to worship at the altar of blond hair, peach skin and
formidable cleavage atop a waistline the size of a pinkie ring. Barbie has
evolved ever so slightly over the years. Originally cast as a glamorous teen
fashion model, she’s now available in all the colors of the Benetton rainbow
and dabbles in a variety of professions. But Gerber says that Handler was
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SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
No one thinks a lot about the prepubescent Barbie, but she was young once
too, and she’s got a doozy of a nativity narrative. It goes like this: during a
family trip to Switzerland in 1956, Ruth Handler, the 10th child of Polish
immigrants and the petite, tenacious founder of Mattel, was strolling through
the charming streets of Lucerne when she spied a plastic doll hanging in a
store window. For years, Handler had been dreaming of a plaything for her
daughter—an adult doll for little girls who desperately wanted to be big
girls—and she found it at last in the form of a voluptuous German toy named
Bild-Lilli. The doll was based on the tart heroine of a comic strip in a tabloid
newspaper, but if Handler knew about Lilli’s origins, she didn’t care. She
finally had the model she needed to coax her male-dominated design team
into creating a woman in full. Three years later, in 1959, Handler launched
her billion-dollar baby—and enough irate feminist tracts to fill countless
women’s studies courses.
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much more passionate about using Barbie’s looks to inspire young girls. She
hewed startlingly close to the doll’s sex-shop origins, fussing for months
over the pickiest details—the color of her lips, the tiny zippers on her dresses
and especially those epic breasts. For Handler, a doll with breasts was
important for little girls’ self-esteem, because it gave them an opportunity to
fantasize about the kind of adult women they wanted to become.
QUESTION 57
All the expressions below refer to the model that inspired the
creation of Barbie but:
a)
a plastic doll (paragraph 1)
b)
a voluptuous German toy (paragraph 1)
c)
German gag gift (paragraph 2)
d)
a glamorous teen fashion model ( paragraph 3)
SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
Resposta: D.
A expressão “a glamorous teen fahion model” no parágrafo 3
refere-se à própria boneca Barbie e não à boneca que serviu
de inspiração para a sua criação.
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QUESTION 58
How many statements are correct according to Text 1?
I.
Handler found inspiration for her doll in a sex-shop during a trip to Europe
in 1956.
II.
Mattel was founded more than half a century ago by a Polish immigrant
in Switzerland.
III. Not only Ruth Handler but also Jack Ryan are credited with the creation
of the successful doll.
IV. Barbie’s young owners are self-confident, good time girls who worship
blond hair and pinky skin.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
O único item correto é o II: A criação da boneca Barbie é
atribuída tanto a Ruth Handler quanto a Jack Ryan. Confira
com o parágrafo 2 do texto: “Barbie turns 50 next month, and
to celebrate there are two new books, each with a vastly
different story about who deserves the credit for her evolution
from German gag gift to American icon. According to “Barbie
and Ruth,” author Robin Gerber’s hagiographic new account,
the doll’s birthright belongs to Handler, the curvaceous
entrepreneur who was pushed out of Mattel in 1975. An alternate
history of Barbie, told in Jerry Oppenheimer’s “Toy Monster:
The Big, Bad World of Mattel,” stars a man named Jack Ryan,
the self-destructive, bipolar designer who blueprinted the Barbie
doll joint by joint and held all the patents…”
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SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
Resposta: A.
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QUESTION 59
Check the wrong statement.
a)
Ruth Handler didn’t seem to care about the voluptuous German toy’s
origins.
b)
Barbie was launched as a billion dollar baby.
c)
Feminists didn’t seem very pleased with Handler’s doll.
d)
Neither Ruth Handler nor Jack Ryan work for Mattel.
Resposta: B.
Quando lançada, a boneca Barbie não valia US$ 1 bilhão. O
que o texto afirma no último período do parágrafo 1 é que a
boneca que vale (hoje) US$ 1 bilhão foi lançada em 1959.
QUESTION 60
SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
According to the text,
a)
the doll was named Barbie, after Handler’s daughter Barbara.
b)
Ruth Handler believed that it was important for Barbie to have an adult
appearance.
c)
Mattel acquired the rights to the Bild Lilli doll.
d)
the word Barbie has come to be used as a term for a girl or woman who
is considered shallow.
Resposta: B.
Ruth Handler acreditava ser importante que as meninas
tivessem uma boneca com aparência adulta com que brincar.
Confira o último período do texto: “For Handler, a doll with
breasts was important for little girls’ self-esteem, because it gave
them an opportunity to fantasize about the kind of adult women
they wanted to become.”
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TEXT 2
Remembrance Day
A Short History
The First World War (also known as the Great War) ended on the
11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month in 1918 - with an armistice. To
remember the dead of this titanic struggle (that wiped out nearly a whole
generation) two minutes of silence were henceforth observed on November
11th. Armistice Day was created in Britain.
Enniskillen War Memorial stands amidst the rubble in
the aftermath of the IRA bombing.
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SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
When it became clear that the Great War was not the expected “war
to end all wars” and casualties from later wars needed to be remembered
as well, Armistice Day was effectively scrapped. Instead the Sunday nearest
to November 11th was declared to be the all-inclusive Remembrance Day.
The central ceremony is held in London, with soldiers and veterans marching
past the Cenotaph every year.
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Cenotaph - War Memorial
Ireland Divided on Remembrance Day
At first glance Remembrance Day should be an Irish occasion too thousands of Irishmen and women fought and lost their lives in the armed
forces of Britain. But these volunteers (there was no conscription in Ireland)
were disowned – first by nationalists and then by successive Irish
governments. They were perceived not as fighting against the German or
Japanese threat in the world wars - their role was reduced in a rather
simplistic way to “fighting for England” – and thus, by implication, against a
sovereign Ireland.
Tensions were traditionally high around Remembrance Day in
Northern Ireland.
The Remembrance Day Terror Attack in Enniskillen
SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
On November 8th, 1987, people in Enniskillen (County Fermanagh)
had just started to congregate at the town’s war memorial, when a massive
explosion brought about the collapse of a building. Eleven people died - all
but one civilian.
An “active service unit” of the Provisional Irish Republican Army
(PIRA) had planted the bomb to “disrupt” the Remembrance Day
celebrations. They succeeded only too well - and the almost instantaneous
backlash to the indiscriminate killings cost the PIRA much support even in
nationalist circles. And the highly emotional outburst of U2 front-man Bono
live on stage was well documented in the movie “Rattle & Hum”.
The Enniskillen bomb is acknowledged by some as a turning point in
the Northern Ireland peace process.
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QUESTION 61
According to the text,
a)
eleven people died inside a building.
b)
ten civilians were killed in the aftermath of the bombing.
c)
eleven veterans were killed during Remembrance Day celebrations.
d)
only one civilian died in the IRA bombing.
Resposta: B.
O texto afirma que onze pessoas morreram – todas exceto uma
civis. “Eleven people died - all but one civilian.”
QUESTION 62
a)
eleven people died and sixty-three were injured during a Remembrance
Day service.
b)
Enniskillen’s was the first terrorist bomb to detonate in a town centre for
several years.
c)
Enniskillen bombing marked the time at which Northern Ireland peace
process started to change.
d)
a huge bomb was detonated in the small town of Enniskillen in the midst
of a crowd gathered to honor soldiers killed in the province.
Resposta: C.
De acordo com o texto, “The Enniskillen bomb is acknowledged
by some as a turning point in the Northern Ireland peace
process.”, ou seja, o atentado em Enniskillen marcou o
momento em que o processo de paz na Irlanda do Norte sofreu
uma reviravolta.
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SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
According to the text,
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QUESTION 63
How many statements are correct according to the text?
I.
Those killed in the blast had come to honor soldiers killed in action.
II. More than a decade ago a Provisional IRA bomb exploded without warning
as people gathered at the war memorial in Enniskillen for the annual
Remembrance Day service.
III. The bomb went off on Remembrance Sunday, a day dedicated to Britain’s
war dead.
SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
IV. This vicious sectarian crime – the work of the Provisional IRA - caused
widespread revulsion throughout Ireland.
a)
1
b)
2
c)
3
d)
4
Resposta: D.
Todas as alternativas estão corretas. De acordo com os
parágrafo 5, 6 e 7, as pessoas tinham começado a se reunir
junto ao memorial de guerra da cidade (“people in Enniskillen
(County Fermanagh) had just started to congregate at the town’s
war memorial”) para homenagear soldados mortos em combate
(“An “active service unit” of the Provisional Irish Republican
Army had planted the bomb to “disrupt” the Remembrance Day
celebrations”) quando uma bomba plantada pelo IRA explodiu
(“when a massive explosion brought about the collapse of a
building”). A reação dos irlandeses foi a de uma reviravolta
(“The Enniskillen bomb is acknowledged by some as a turning
point in the Northern Ireland peace process.”).
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QUESTION 64
The word thus in “…and thus, by implication, against a sovereign
Ireland.” (paragraph 3) cannot be understood as
a)
for that reason.
b)
nevertheless.
c)
therefore.
d)
in this way.
Resposta: B
SIMULADO EXTENSIVO
A palavra THUS significa “assim, portanto” e não pode ser
substituída por NEVERTHELESS, que significa “todavia.
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