Keysight Technologies Medições de Fonte de Alimentação em

Transcrição

Keysight Technologies
Medições de Fonte de Alimentação
em Modo de Comutação
Nota de Aplicação
Despertando Insights em Medição
Introdução
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da Keysight com a Opção de Medição de Potência
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comutação. Essa nota de aplicação fornece instruções passo a passo de como realizar uma ampla variedade
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Análise de entrada
– Qualidade de potência
– Harmônicas de corrente
– Corrente de inrush
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– Perda de comutação
– Taxa de variação
– Modulação
Análise de saída
– Ondulação de saída
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Índice
Introdução ..........................................................................................................................
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Corrigindo desvios das pontas de prova ..........................................................................
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Análise de harmônicas de corrente. .................................................................................
Análise de corrente de inrush ..........................................................................................
Análise de perda de comutação. .....................................................................................
Análise de taxa de variação...............................................................................................
Análise de modulação........................................................................................................
Análise de ondulação de saída..........................................................................................
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Análise de resposta transitória .........................................................................................
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Literatura relacionada .......................................................................................................
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utilizado.
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corrente está conectada para fornecer medições em unidades de
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Quando você conectar a ponta de prova de corrente a um loop
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deslize o mecanismo de travamento completamente para frente
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Keysight.
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raramente existirão loops de corrente projetados disponíveis.
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temporários no circuito da fonte de alimentação para medir a
corrente e potência.
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terminal fonte em um dispositivo de comutação FET para medir
a corrente de dreno da fonte. Para medir a corrente CA de
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recomendada pela Keysight.
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na ponta de prova de corrente. Quando você estiver realizando
medições de fonte de alimentação com uma ponta de prova de
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terra na tela do osciloscópio.
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medir a corrente.
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de prova. Esse procedimento automático com o acessório de
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nanosegundo pode fazer uma grande diferença nas medições de
perda de potência e energia durante as fases de liga e desliga da
comutação do transistor.
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está disponível nos menus de medição Current Harmonics
e Switching Loss.
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Figura 6.
7. Conecte a ponta de prova ativa diferencial de alta tensão
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8. Conecte a ponta de prova de corrente da entrada do canal
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prova do canal 2. Mas você pode mudar manualmente o fator
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entre pontas de prova de tensão e de corrente.
Análise da Qualidade de Potência
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de comutação durante a operação. Essa medição fornece os
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Potência Real
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7. Conecte a ponta de prova ativa diferencial de alta tensão
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8. Conecte a ponta de prova de corrente da entrada do canal
2 do osciloscópio ao loopGHoRGRVLQDOGHOLQKDGHHQWUDGD
conecte a ponta de prova de corrente ao loop J1 na direção
indicada.
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conectada ao contrário.
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potência aparente e potência reativa. Para medir o fator de crista
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selecione Phase AngleHHQWËRSUHVVLRQHApply novamente.
Análise de Harmônicas de Corrente
A análise de harmônicas de corrente mede a amplitude dos
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medição irá realizar uma medição FFT na forma de onda de
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6. Conecte a ponta de prova de corrente entre a entrada do
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de corrente ao loop J1 na diração indicada.
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de linha de entrada na tela do osciloscópio.
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pressione Apply para iniciar a medição das harmônicas
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mostrado na Figura 12.
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Análise de corrente de inrush
A análise de corrente de inrush mede a corrente de pico da
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como realizar a medição de disparo único.
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Current.
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XWLOL]DQGRRNLWGHWUHLQDPHQWR6036GD.H\VLJKWFRQHFWH
ao TP2FDERYHUPHOKRHTP1FDERSUHWRQDSODFDGH
demonstração.
canal 2 do osciloscópio a um loopGHoRGRVLQDOGHOLQKD
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.H\VLJKWFRQHFWHDSRQWDGHSURYDGHFRUUHQWHDRloop J1
na direção indicada.
7. 'HoQDMax Vin e o surto esperado aproximado para
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padrões devem ser apropriadas para essa medição.
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)LJXUD0HGLÌËRGDFRUUHQWHGHinrush.
9.
2EVHUYHTXHDVFRQoJXUDÌÚHVMax Vin e da corrente de surto
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pico em estado estacionário da placa de demonstração seja
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a corrente de pico de inrushÍPXLWRPDLRUSRGHQGRH[FHGHU
$'HWHUPLQDUDFRUUHQWHGHSLFRkHVSHUDGDyGHVHX
dispositivo de teste será um processo iterativo de tentativa
e desvio. O valor colocado para a corrente de pico esperada
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capturado e medido.
8.
$SÖVDFHLWDURXPXGDUDVFRQoJXUDÌÚHVQRPHQXSignals
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RVFLORVFÖSLRSDUDUHWRUQDUDRPHQXDQWHULRU
Pressione ApplyHQWËRVLJDDVLQVWUXÌÚHVSDVVRD
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'HVOLJXHDSRWÎQFLDHQWËRSUHVVLRQHNext.
11. /LJXHDSRWÎQFLDHQWËRSUHVVLRQHNext.
12. 5HSLWDLQÜPHUDVYH]HVSDUDREWHURSLFRGDFRUUHQWH
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corrente esperada no menu Signals para uma medição
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geralmente ocorrerá se a chave de alimentação estiver
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vezes para medir a corrente de inrush do pior caso.
Análise de Perda de Comutação
A análise de perda de comutação mede perdas de potência e
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a maioria das perdas de potência e energia ocorrem durante
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HQWUDPHVDHPGHVDWXUDÌËRHPRPHQWDQHDPHQWHRSHUDPQD
UHJLËROLQHDU$VSHUGDVGHSRWÎQFLDHHQHUJLDWDPEÍPRFRUUHP
GXUDQWHDIDVHGHFRQGXÌËRGRWUDQVLVWRUGHFRPXWDÌËR,VVRÍ
TXDQGRDWHQVËRHVWÆQRPÑQLPRGHVDWXUDÌËRGRWUDQVLVWRUH
pX[RVGHFRUUHQWH$VSHUGDVGXUDQWHDIDVHGHQËRFRQGXÌËR
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A medição de perda de comutação automaticamente mede as
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para realizar medições mais precisas da perda de potência e
energia durante as fases de comutação.
)LJXUD&RQHFWDQGRDVSRQWDVGHSURYDGHWHQVËRHFRUUHQWHDR
dispositivo de comutação transistor.
1.
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.H\VLJKWFRORTXHDFKDYHGHFDUJD6QDSRVLÌËRON
FDUJDDOWDFRUUHQWHPÆ[LPD
Pressione AnalysisHQWËRVHOHFLRQHDPHGLÌËRSwitching
Loss.
Pressione Signals.
5. Conecte a ponta de prova diferencial de alta tensão
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QRGLDJUDPDGHFRQH[ÚHVQD)LJXUD6HYRFÎHVWLYHU
DR73FDERYHUPHOKRHDR73FDERSUHWR
canal 2 do osciloscópio a um loopGHoRGDIRQWHHPLVVRU
6HYRFÎHVWLYHUXWLOL]DQGRRNLWGHWUHLQDPHQWR6036GD
.H\VLJKWFRQHFWHDSRQWDGHSURYDGHFRUUHQWHDRloop
GHFRUUHQWH-QDGLUHÌËRLQGLFDGD2EVHUYHTXHDQWHV
de conectar a ponta de prova de corrente ao loop de
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a ponta de prova de corrente.
FRUUHQWHHVWHMDHPFDQDOGHQWURGRPHQXSignals.
8. Pressione AutoSetupHHQWËRSUHVVLRQHApply.
Quando AutoSetupÍSUHVVLRQDGRRRVFLORVFÖSLRHVWDEHOHFHUÆ
uma escala vertical otimizada para as formas de onda de tensão
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WHPSRSULQFLSDOSDUWHVXSHULRUGDWHODSDUDH[LELUGRLVFLFORVGH
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para mostrar um ciclo de comutação.
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comutação.
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TXHYRFÎGHYHDXPHQWDUDFRQoJXUDÌËRGDFRUUHQWHHVSHUDGD
no menu “Signals” para uma medição mais precisa. O pico
DEVROXWRGDFRUUHQWHinrush geralmente ocorrerá se a chave de
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RXQHJDWLYR,VVRVLJQLoFDTXHYRFÎGHYHUHSHWLUHVVDPHGLÌËR
várias vezes para medir a corrente inrush do pior caso.
Quando ApplyÍSUHVVLRQDGRRRVFLORVFÖSLROLJDXPDIXQÌËR
PDWHPÆWLFDTXHH[LEHDIRUPDGHRQGDGDSRWÎQFLDWUDÌRUR[R
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)LJXUD
– )UHTXÎQFLDGHFRPXWDÌËRPHGLÌËRGHFRQWDGRU
– 3HUGDGHSRWÎQFLDSRWÎQFLDPÍGLDQDMDQHODGH]RRP
– 3HUGDGHSRWÎQFLDFLFORPHVPRTXHSHUGDGHSRWÎQFLD
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– 3HUGDGHHQHUJLDLQWHJUDÌËRGDSHUGDGHSRWÎQFLD
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Os osciloscópios não apresentam faixa dinâmica e resolução
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nas formas de onda de tensão e corrente (potência = tensão x
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desvio de offsetGRRVFLORVFÖSLRHRXSRQWDGHSURYDPHVPRVH
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energia podem ser realizadas com mais precisão se a potência
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na forma de onda de corrente medida durante apenas a fase
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osciloscópio para realizar medição de perda de potência e energia
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9. Pressione Settings.
3UHVVLRQHConduction WaveformHQWËRDOWHUHD
FRQoJXUDÌËRGHVoltage Waveform para Rds(on).
11. Pressione Rds(on)HQWËRFRORTXHRYDORUDSURSULDGR
de Rds(on) para seu DUT6HHVWLYHUXWLOL]DQGRRNLWGH
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$WHODGHVHXRVFLORVFÖSLRGHYHHVWDUSDUHFLGDFRPD)LJXUD
e as medições de perda de potência e energia mostradas no lado
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Compare os resultados dessa medição de perda de potência e
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corrente.
Quando você selecionar medições de perda de potência e energia
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FRQoJXUDÌÚHV95HIH,5HIWDPEÍPGHoQLGDVQRPHQXSettings
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onda de potência para cada fase de comutação.
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onda do potência como produto das formas de onda de tensão
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de onda instantâneas de tensão e corrente.
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como I25GVRQRX,[9FHVDW,VVRIRUQHFHXPDPHGLÌËRPDLV
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nos focar nesse segmento da forma de onda.
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isolem e meçam as perdas de potência e energia individualmente
durante cada fase de comutação. A precisão das medições da
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pode ser melhorada se realizada em cada fase de comutação
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,VVRUHTXHUTXHYRFÎIDÌDRMDQHODPHQWRHPFDGDIDVHHQTXDQWR
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osciloscópio. Agora vamos realizar medições mais precisas de
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de onda de potência próximo ao centro da tela.
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Figura 18.
Perda de potência
ligada
Perda de potência
desligada
Perda de potência
desligada
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PHGLUDSHUGDGHSRWÎQFLDHHQHUJLDGXUDQWHDSHQDVDIDVHGHVOLJDGD
do transistor.
Fase de condução
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para realização do janelamento apenas do surto de potência na
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a um ciclo de comutação completo.
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6036GD.H\VLJKWFRPRVHXDUT, as perdas de potência e
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evidenciado pelo menor surto de amplitude de potência na tela
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segundo pico para medir as perdas da fase ligada.
Agora vamos medir a perda de potência e energia durante a fase
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no seu mínimo ou próxima a ele. A perda de potência e energia
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5GVRQ
Fase de condução
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na fase de condução.
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de zoom. Todas as medições de perda de potência e energia
serão “fechadas” e realizadas apenas dentro da tela de zoom.
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na Figura 19. Para realizar uma medição precisa de perda de
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O zoom vertical na forma de onda de tensão pode fazer com
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resultando em distorção devido a recuperação da saturação.
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forma de onda para aproximadamente centralizar a forma
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frontal do osciloscópio.
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de onda para novamente centralizar a forma de onda
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inferior.
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Keysight Technologies Medições de Fonte de Alimentação em

Transcrição

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