Tarifentwickung und Anreize für Photovoltaik in
Transcrição
Tarifentwickung und Anreize für Photovoltaik in
Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Tarifentwickung und Anreize für Photovoltaik in Mexiko © NREL Image Gallery Jennifer McIntosh ISES Head of Secretariat May 2013 Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat ISES: Short Introduction y Committed to 100% Renewable Energy for All used efficiently & wisely y Non-profit UN-accredited membership NGO founded in USA in 1954 y Provide authoritative voice on renewable energy issues world-wide y Global membership in over 100 countries, Sections around the world y Mexico – Asociación Nacional de Energía Solar (ANES) founded 1980, approx. 900 individual and corporate members y ISES Headquarters in Freiburg since 1995 y Individual & Corporate membership: solar energy professionals, industry, research, architects, students… y Support technology innovation & market opportunities y Advocate for a sustainable global solar industry y Promote energy access, workforce development, education at all levels y Conferences, publications, partnerships, projects, communication initiatives y Learn more at www.ises.org Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat PV in Mexico – General Overview y Excellent solar resource y5 – 6 kWh/m2 day solar radiation yBest areas in Baja and northern states yAverage 1,825 kWh/m2 year y25 km2 (0,7% land) of solar panels would be sufficient to generate electricity to meet overall national consumption today y One of top 5 countries for PV potential y Geographic location Source: SWERA Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat PV in Mexico – General Overview y Market dominated by small off-grid rural electrification projects: 80,000 systems developed since 1980’s y Current installed PV capacity of about 52 MW y About 50% growth in new installations in 2012 y 2011 – USD 19.5 million value of PV market y 2009 - installed capacity of grid connected systems greater than offgrid application Source: ANES & IEA PVPS Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat PV in Mexico – General Overview Grid-Connected PV y2010: 1,050 grid connected contracts for small and medium output at 5.5 MW yPrivate households: ~ 1,290 kWp systems <10 kWp – net-metering, greatest potential for PV development yCommercial consumers: ~ 3,990 kWp, average size 40 kW, net-metering for systems up to 30kW, yPrivate Sector Electricity Producers: ~ 4,310 kWp, largest is 3,8 MW at Aguascalientes, CRE is considering applications for 137.63 MW yPublic customers: ~ 2,680 kWp not much growth expected in this sector because government interest limited Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Incentives - National Strategies y Reduce Green House Gases from energy use by 35% by 2025 y 35% of electricity generation from nuclear & RE by 2024, 5% of from PV y Diversify energy portfolio – current system reliant on fossil fuels (~90%), mostly oil & gas (exporter) y High investment needs for technology to improve energy supply – gap between energy demand & supply y Government assumes PV market will reach 2 GW by 2025 y 2008: LAERFTE - “Renewable Energy Development and Financing for the Energy Transition Law” y Regulates the use of RE and establishes national strategies & financing instruments to scale-up RE electricity generation y SENER and CRE (regulatory commission) responsible for refining mechanisms & establishing legal instruments y Create/Improve energy access for decentralized rural communities Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Incentives – Regulatory Environment y 1990’s Deregulation: Allowed for private businesses to enter Mexico electricity generation market, but still under control of CFE (state-run electric utility) y Changes in regulation in last 5 years = more incentives for selfconsumption y International companies (Walmart & Chrysler) investing in PV systems for own facilities to cover part of electricity needs. y Walmart - largest rooftop PV installation in Latin America (2009) Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Incentives – Regulatory Environment y 2007 – Net metering allows access to grid-market for systems under 500 kWp (credit against electricity bill). Anything greater requires special permit with CRE (energy regulatory commission) y < 10 kW for private users y < 30 kW for commercial customer sector plants Low output contracts y < 500 kw for commercial customer sector in medium voltage grid (mediumoutput contracts y CFE must back up all users through net metering y Fast track procedure: systems up to 500 kW can interconnect and net meter for self consumption y Above 500 kW – interconnection requires special permit from CRE (regulatory commission), also involves CFE (energy utility) y Any private or public company can apply for these permits and forms are available online on CRE website Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Incentives y Currently no subsidies or FiT schemes, but grid connected market is growing & has huge potential y Growing environmental awareness & high residential electricity tariffs for households with higher consumption y Electricity tariffs for large users = large scale projects yet to show up y Tax incentives: 100% depreciation in same year renewable energy equipment is installed & commissioned if used for company’s own needs Source: DENA Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Average Electricity Prices in 2011 2012 Households Small Businesses Service Sector Agriculture SMEs Large scale industry 0.06 €/kWh 0.13 €/kWh 0.04 €/kWh 0.10 €/kWh 0.08 €/kWh 0.18 €/kWh Source: DENA y Residential sector: electricity prices can range from 0.04 €/kWh to 0.24 €/kWh for more energy intensive households y Largest growth expected in this sector y Grid parity for DAC customers (Tarifa Doméstica de Alto Consumo) - high residential consumers - already attainable when comparing electricity prices with PV LCOE y However for normal household customers and large scale commercial/industrial customers, subsidized electricity prices well below LCOEs Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat PV Manufacturing y Most of PV modules in Latin America are manufactured in Mexico, 276 MW in 2012 y New technology clusters being developed at regional level, i.e. Senora y PV companies from USA, Japan and Europe – assembly of PV modules in Mexico, selling abroad y 2 Mexican module manufacturers – 34 MW for export and domestic market y Cost advantages in Mexico: low wages, free trade agreements with North America and Europe y No import duties on PV components y All technical equipment (inverters, batteries, cables) must be imported y Work force development needed to meet growing market demands: courses offered by ANES and other organisations y International companies partner with local companies to help deal with bureaucratic hurdles, etc. Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Conclusions & Outlook y Net metering program for high-consumption household users & small scale producers: Projected best growth area in coming years y Self-consumption – attractive incentive for large scale commercial users y Grid connected market ramping up but better support schemes would help y Decreasing costs of PV systems and better financing schemes needed to expand markets y Reduce administrative barriers and improving regulatory mechanisms y Outlook will also depend on new government policies y Better incentives to educate and train PV professionals needed y Market is poised for expansion Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Sources y Asociación Nacional de Energía Solar (ANES) – www.anes.org y „Study: Market Report Mexico: Photovoltaics“ – Deutsche Energie-Agentur GmbH (dena) Marktinformationssystem, December 2012, Berlin y „Renewable Energies for Sustainable Development in Mexico“, SENER & GTZ, Mexico City, September 2009 y Oseguera, Oso, „Sunny Mexico: An Energy Opportunity“,, Green Tech Media www.greentechmedia.com, July 2010 y “AHK-Geschäftsreise Mexiko 09. -13. September 2013: Geschäftschance für deutsche Unternhemen im Bereich Photovoltaik”, Deutsch-Mexikanische Industrie- und Handelskammer & Renewables Made in Germany, Januar 2013 y IEA PVPS Report „A Snapshot of Global PV 1992 – 2012: Preliminary Report from the IEA PVPS Programme“ 2012, www.iea-pvps.org y „Solar PV Atlas: Solar Power in Harmony with Nature - Towards 100 percent renewable energy“ WWF Report 2012, www.panda.org y Carlos Flores, „Mexico‘s PV Market: Poised to explode or eager to wait“, CONERMEX, September 2012 y Hall, Max, „Mexico is in pole position in the race for PV grid parity“, PV magazine, Nov. 2012, http://www.pvmagazine.com/news/details/beitrag/-mexico-is-in-pole-position-in-the-race-for-pv-gridparity_100009242/#ixzz2ROGuNCsb y „FAQ: Mexico Solar Energy Sector“, ProMexico & CRE (Energy Regulatory Commission), Mexico, 2011 Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat ISES Solar World Congress 2013 Renewables Working Together for All y Dynamic Program: international program with strong focus on Latin America, expert plenary speakers y Exhibition: Business & institutional leaders y Opportunities to network with renewable energy professionals from the region & around the world 3 - 7 November 2013 y Sponsoring & Exhibition Opportunities: More information can be found on Congress website www.swc2013.org Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin Jennifer McIntosh, ISES Head of Secretariat Thank you for your attention! See you in Cancún in November! Jennifer McIntosh [email protected] Photovoltaik in Mexiko – Ziele, Perspektiven und Geschäftsmöglichkeiten für deutsche Unternehmen - 23. Mai 2013, Berlin