16.09.2008 Seite 1 Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg Ria
Transcrição
16.09.2008 Seite 1 Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg Ria
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 1 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Disaster and Risk Management in Cities: A Challenge for International Development Cooperation, Taking the Examples from India and Madagascar Prof. Dr. Axel Drescher, Prof. Dr. Rüdiger Glaser, Dr. Constanze Pfeiffer, Elke Schliermann-Kraus, Stephanie Glaser, Marco Lechner, Dr. Jayshree Vencatesan, Ria Hidajat, Jens Etter , Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 2 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Our Mission We We are are aa government-owned government-owned corporation corporation with with international international operations. operations. We We implement implement contracts contracts for for the the German German Federal Federal Government Government and and other other national national and and international international public public and and private-sector private-sector clients. clients. We We further further political, political, economic, economic, ecological ecological and and social social development development worldwide, worldwide, and and so so improve improve people’s people’s living living conditions. conditions. We We provide provide services services that that support support complex complex development development and and reform reform processes. processes. Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 3 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Importance of Disaster Risk Management at GTZ For 10 years GTZ is operating in the field of DRM with increasing amount Currently projects in 21 countries financed by the Federal Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development Since 2003 Sector Project “Disaster Risk Management in Development Cooperation” Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 4 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Many towns and cities in developing countries are particularly vulnerable to natural hazards as a result of the extreme population pressure and dense settlement. Î Steep slopes unsuitable for building are built up Î inappropriate construction techniques and Î construction standards are not observed Î huge areas of land are sealed off Î sewage systems are inadequate Î safety standards at industrial plants are insufficient. Î Poverty forces vulnerability Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 5 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Research Area I – Chennai/ India Chennai: Study areas alongside Pallikaranai Marsh Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 6 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Flood Risks in Chennai Source: The Hindu 2005 Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 7 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Research Area II – Antananarivo/ Madagascar Antananarivo: Drainage system of the urban plain Antananarivo: Study areas alongside Ikopa river Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 8 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Flood Risks in Antananarivo Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 9 GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Conceptual framework – modified after Turner et al. (2003) Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 10GTZ Ria Hidajat/ WORKFLOW – interdisciplinary approach Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 11GTZ Ria Hidajat/ The course of precipitation in Chennai 1813-2007 Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 12 16.09.2008 Seite 12 Ria Hidajat/ GTZ Mothly precipitation and mean temperature in Antananarivo 1977-2007 (Source: IPG; NOAA NCDC) Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 13GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Chennai: Periurban development 1965-2006 1965to 2006 Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 14GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Chennai: Public and private encroachments Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 15 16.09.2008 Seite 15 Ria Hidajat/ GTZ Chennai: IT-Corridor and dumping site inside the marsh Blocked drainage system Photo: Drescher 2007 Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 16GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Chennai: Flood risk map Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 17GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Antananarivo: Flood risk maps Source: SOMEAH Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg Source: BCEOM-SOGREAHSOMEAH 2007 16.09.2008 Seite 18GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Sociological investigation methods: Group discussion, participatory mapping and key-informant interviews Participatory Mapping: Infrastructure Informations about past floodings Response strategies Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 19GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Chennai: Household adaptation strategies Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 20GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Antananarivo: Household adaptation strategies Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 21GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Consequences of floods according to flood-affected interview partners Antananarivo Diseases 40% 35% Chennai Loss of income 30% Evacuation 25% Percentage of interview partners 20% Damage of houses 15% 10% Loss of schooling 5% 0% 1 Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 22GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Flood risk in Chennai and Antananarivo: Climate change is not the reason for higher flood risks Main factors: Rapid and poorly organized urbanisation Insufficient drainage systems Garbage dumping >> Necessity to create awareness and political impact Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 23GTZ Ria Hidajat/ The Geoinformation Portal publicly accessible expanded by the project partners project sustainability http://www.geographie.uni-freiburg.de/chennai/cd Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 24GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Geoinformation Portal Including: WebGIS-Applications ¾ Mapbender WebGIS Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 25GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Geoinformation Portal Including: WebGIS-Applications ¾ Mapbender WebGIS Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 26GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Geoinformation Portal Including: WebGIS-Applications ¾ Mapbender WebGIS ¾ Flash-WebGIS Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 27GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Geoinformation Portal Including: WebGIS-Applications ¾ Mapbender WebGIS ¾ Flash-WebGIS Flash-based webanimations ¾ Video and audio sequences ¾ Image database ¾ Flash animation (time travel based on satellite images) ¾ interactive mental map tool Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 28GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Why use Geo-Communication? PROBLEM: Information and knowledge exchange between heterogeneous groups SOLUTION: Visualisation and communication of research results - combining local views as well as institutional perspectives - bringing together different stakeholders Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 29GTZ Ria Hidajat/ PARTICIPATION & SUSTAINABILITY need: Long term ENGAGEMENT Long term COMMITMENT Long term INVESTMENT Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 30GTZ Ria Hidajat/ Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg 16.09.2008 Seite 31GTZ Ria Hidajat/