seqsualuri uflebebi: IPPF deklaracia

Transcrição

seqsualuri uflebebi: IPPF deklaracia 1
From choice, a world of possibilities
seqsualuri
uflebebi:
IPPF deklaracia
2
vin varT Cven
IPPF (saerTaSoriso ojaxis dagegmvis federacia) aris
sqesobrivi da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis dacvis servisprovaideri da uflebebis damcveli. Cven warmovadgenT msoflio
erovnuli organizaciebis moZraobas, romelic ara mxolod
TanamSromlobs sazogadoebasTan da calkeul pirebTan, aramed
konkretulad muSaobs sazogadoebisa da calkeuli pirebisaTvis.
Cveni muSaoba mimarTulia samyaros iseTi modelis Seqmnisken,
romelSic nebismier individuums, miuxedavad sqesisa, ufleba
eqneba gankargos sakuTari sxeuli da xSir SemTxvevaSi, aqedan
gamomdinare, sakuTari bedic. samyaro, romelSic adamianebs Tavad
ZaluZT airCion, gaxdnen Tu ara mSoblebi; gadawyviton, ramdeni
Svili eyolebaT da Tavad dagegmon maTi SeZenis dro; icxovron
jansaRi sqesobrivi cxovrebiT, SeZlon Tavis dacva arasasurveli
orsulobisa da sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebi infeqciebisagan,
miiRon sruli informacia adamianis imunodeficituri virusis
Sesaxeb da SiSis gareSe Caitaron gamokvlevebi. samyaro, romelSic
sqesi Tu seqsualoba aRar warmoadgens uTanasworobisa Tu
sircxvilis wyaros. Cven yvelafers gavakeTebT imisaTvis, rom
davicvaT esoden mniSvnelovani arCevani da uflebebi rogorc
axlandeli, ise momavali TaobebisaTvis.
Sinaarsi
winasityvaoba........................................................................................................................5
istoria..................................................................................................................................6
warmomadgenlobiTi reziume...........................................................................................8
seqsualuri uflebebi: IPPF deklaracia................................................................13
preambula........................................................................................................................14
zogadi principebi ........................................................................................................16
adamianis uflebebi, romlebic seqsualobasTan aris dakavSirebuli..........22
referenciebi da SeniSvnebi............................................................................................26
SeniSvnebi da ganmartebebi.............................................................................................27
4
winasityvaoba
seqsualoba aris cxovrebis bunebrivi da
uflebebis Semadgenel nawils. es uflebebi qmnian
maRali Rirebulebebis mqone aspeqti, romelic
seqsualobasTan dakavSirebul ganviTarebadi
kacobriobis aucilebeli da fundamenturi
uflebebis kompleqts, romelsac udidesi
nawilia. imisaTvis, rom adamianma miaRwios
wvlili Seaqvs yoveli adamianis TavisuflebaSi,
Sexual Rights: An IPPF De
janmrTelobis umaRles standarts, pirvel rigSi,
Tanasworobasa da RirsebaSi. amitom maTi
mas unda hqondes arCevanis ufleba sakuTar
ignorireba dauSvebelia. Cven unda gavagrZeloT
seqsualur da reproduqciul cxovrebaSi; man
muSaoba, ar unda wavideT daTmobebze da
unda igrZnos ndoba da usafrTxoeba sakuTari
unda gamoviCinoT maqsimaluri Zalisxmeva
sqesobrivi identurobis gamoxatvaSi.
stigmas Sesamcireblad da momsaxureobebis
dResdReobiT, diskriminacia, stigma,
xelmisawvdomad qcevisTvis. mocemuli qmedebebi
SiSi da Zaladoba realur safrTxes uqmnis
mogvcems saSualebas avamaRloT seqsualobis,
mraval adamians. es safrTxeebi da maT mier
rogorc adamianis sicocxlis pozitiuri
provocirebuli qmedebebi – gulgatexilobidan
aspeqtis, mniSvneloba. marginalizebuli jgufebi,
sicocxlisaTvis saxifaTomde – ar aZlevs
rogoricaa axalgazrdoba, transgenderuli
mraval adamians sabazo seqsualuri uflebebisa
mosaxleoba, seqs-muSakebi, mamakacebi, romelTac
aqvT,
cisferebi,
lesboselebi
da janmrTelobis
standartis
miRwevis
Sexuality is a natural and precious aspect of life,seqsi
an mamakacebTan
Sexual
rights
are a component
of human rights, th
SesaZleblobas.
Tu
biseqsualebi,
arasrulwlovani
daojaxebuli
essential and fundamental part of our humanity. For
are an evolving set of entitlements related to sexualit
IPPF-is mierpeople
dasaxuli
miznebis
miRwevas
gansakuTrebiT
saWiroeben
to attain
the highest
standard of health,gogonebi
they must Tu dedebi,
that contribute
to the freedom,
equality and dignity o
safuZvlad udevs
problemisadmi
iseTi
Cvens
TanagrZnobasa
da
Tanamonawileobas.
first be empowered to exercise choice in their sexual and
people, and they cannot be ignored. We must persev
midgoma, romelic
moicavs
adamianis
uflebebis
Tanabrad
exeba
im gogonebsa
dapassionate in our e
reproductive
lives;
they must
feel confident anddeklaracia
safe in
we must be
uncompromising
and
qalebs,
romlebic
imyofebian
genderuli
universalurobis,
urTierTkavSiris,
expressing their own sexual identity.
to decrease stigma and improve access to services, an
urTierTdamokidebulebisa
da ganuyoflobis
Zaladobis
qveS, recognition
an romlebmac
ukve as a positive aspe
Today, discrimination,
stigma, fear and violence
pose real riskis
to increase
of sexuality
principebs. Cven
ganicades
amgvari
Zaladoba,
maT
Soris,
threats to many people. These threats and the actions they
human life. Marginalized groupsiseTi
such as young peop
yvelafers gavakeTebT
imisaTvis,
rom
Cveni
tradiciuli
wesebis
gamo,
rogoricaa
qalis
trigger – ranging from disheartening to life-threatening
transgender
people,
sex workers,
men having sex wit
momsaxureobebis
gawevisa
da dacvis
meSveobiT
organoebis
da lesbian
diskriminacia
in nature
– prevent
many people
from attainingsqesobrivi
basic
men, peopledazianeba
who are gay,
or bi-sexual, child b
garantirebuli
iqnas
seqsualuri
_ to fulfilling
mamakacTa
sexual
rights
and health.uflebebis
IPPF is committed
its preferenciebis
and girl motherssafuZvlad.
particularly need our compassion. T
adamianis uflebebis
pativiscema
kidev
seqsualuri
uflebebi:
IPPFequally
deklaracia
goals through
an approach
thatufro
embodies the principles
Declaration
applies
to girls and women who a
farTo sazogadoebriv
sferoSi.
warmoadgens
aucilebel
instruments
yvela im
of universality, interrelatedness, interdependence and
vulnerable to or have been subjected
to gender-base
seqsualuri
uflebebi:
IPPF
deklaracia
organizaciis,
aqtivistis,
mkvlevaris,
politikisa
indivisibility of all human rights. We will do all we can to
violence, including traditional norms
such as female g
warmoadgens or
welze
ganmavlobaSi
da gadawyvetilebis
mimRebi
jgufebisaTvis,
ensure
thatmeti
sexualxnis
rights
– human rights – are respected
mutilation
and discrimination
based on male preferen
Catarebuli, globaluri
masStabis
samuSaoebis
romlebic
muSaoben
adamianis
dacvis
through our own service provision and advocacy, and also
Sexual Rights: Anuflebebis
IPPF Declaration
is an indispensa
kulminacias. mis
ganviTarebas
xelmZRvanelobda
xelSewyobasa
da
garantirebaze.
es
deklaracia
in the wider public sphere.
tool for all organizations, activists, researchers, policy
calkeul pirTa Sexual
mravaltipobrivi
da
reproduqciuli
janmrTelobisa
Rights: An IPPFjgufi:
Declaration representsseqsualuri
the
decision-makers
who are
working to promote and en
saerTaSorisoculmination
masStabiTofcnobili
eqspertebi
da
adamianis
more than two years of work that spanned
human rights. The Declaration will enable members o
sqesobrivi dathe
reproduqciuli
janmrTelobis,
uflebebis
dacvis
sazogadoebebis
globe. Its development
was guided by a diverse
group
the
sexual
and reproductive wevrebs
health and human rights
adamianis uflebebis,
kanonisa
da
jandacvis
miscems
seqsualuri
uflebebis
Secvlisa
of individuals: internationally-renowned experts in sexual
communities to createSeqmnis,
change and
build on the mom
sferoSi; ufrosi
IPPF
moxaliseebi,
romelTagan
da
gafarToebis
impulss,
rac
mniSvnelovnad
and reproductive health, human rights, law and public
that has already begun around sexual rights in prepa
TiToeulma warmoadgina
regionaluri
xels SeuwyobsforsaerTaSoriso
konferenciis
health; seniorunikaluri
IPPF volunteers,
each of whom brought
the next International
Conference on Population a
perspeqtivebi,
xolo
erToblivad
–
gamocdileba
mosamzadebel
samuSaoebs,
romelic
2015
unique regional perspectives and who together represented Development in 2015.
da Zlieri mxareebi;
aseve
IPPF
samdivnos
sami
wels
Catardeba.
xangrZlivad
uaryofili
a range of experience and strengths; and three senior
Too often denied and too long da
neglected, sexual r
ufrosi direqtori.
ugulebelyofili
seqsualuri
Cvens
directors of the IPPF secretariat. The Declaration developed
deserve
our attentionuflebebi
and priority.
It is time to respec
deklaracia
SemuSavebuli
iqna regionaluri
da
prioritetulobas
through
regional meetings
and events that tookyuradRebasa
place
them.
It is time to demandimsaxurebs.
them.
droa,
Sexvedrebisa da
iventebis
Sedegad,
across
the Federation
and romlebic
built on the IPPF Charter
of pativi vceT maT. droa, moviTxovoT am
uflebebis
dacva.
gvwams,
romDeclaration
deklaracia
Catarebul iqna
federaciis
masStabiT.
Sexual and Reproductive Rights. While there has already
We trust
that the
will karg
serve you well on t
deklaracias safuZvlad
daedo
IPPF
wesdeba
samsaxurs
gagiwevT
momaval
qmedebebSi.
been some progress toward meeting the Millennium
journey ahead.
seqsualuri da
reproduqciuli
uflebebis
Development
Goals and
the targets of the 1994 ICPD
Sesaxeb. miuxedavad
imisa,
rom
ukve
(International Conferencegarkveuli
on Population and Development)
progresia miRweuli
aTaswleulis
ganviTarebisa
Programme
of Action, there
is still much work to be done.
da 1994 ICPD (mosaxleobisa da ganviTarebis
saerTaSoriso konferenciis) samoqmedo gegmis
miznebisaken mimaval gzaze, jer isev bevri ram
aris gasakeTebeli.
Jacqueline Sharpe, President of IPPF
seqsualuri uflebebi warmoadgens adamianis
Jaklin Sarpi, IPPF prezidenti
Foreword
6
istoria
2006 wlis noemberSi, IPPFis umaRlesma direqciam –
mmarTvelma sabWom – Seqmna
seqsualuri uflebebis
dacvis komiteti, romlis
uflebamosilebaTa sferos
warmoadgenda federaciis
xelmZRvaneloba da mxardaWera
deklaraciis SemuSavebaSi.
gaTvaliswinebuli iqna, rom deklaracia SemuSavdeboda IPPF seqsualuri da reproduqciuli uflebebis dacvis wesdebis safuZvelze. es iyo RirsSesaniSnavi dokumenti, romelic uaRresad popularuli
aRmoCnda da warmatebiT waswia win adamianis uflebebis integracia IPPF-is momsaxureobebisa da
dacvis samuSaoebis meSveobiT. uaxlesma naSromma
seqsualuri uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb, romelic
SemuSavebuli iqna IPPF dasavleT naxevarsferos
regionis mier, didi wvlili Seitana am deklaraciis SemuSavebaSi. da bolos, 2008 wlis maisSi, deklaracia, misi prezentaciis Semdeg, miRebuli iqna
IPPF-is mmarTveli komitetis mier.
seqsualuri uflebebis dacvis komiteti Sedga
IPPF-is ufrosi moxaliseebisa da personalisgan
IPPF-is eqvsive regionidan, aseve saerTaSoriso
masStabiT cnobili eqspertebisagan seqsualuri
da reproduqciuli janmrTelobisa da uflebebis dacvis sferoSi mTeli msoflios masStabiT.
komitetis wevrebi iyvnen:
• meriem mint ahmed aiCa
mmarTveli komitetis wevri, mavritania
• hosam bahgaTi
piradi uflebebis dacvis egviptes iniciativis
direqtori, egvipte
• doqtori karmen barozo
regionaluri direqtori, IPPF/WHR
• gert-inge branderi
mmarTveli komitetis wevri, SvedeTi
• profesori pol hanti
gaerTianebuli erebis specialuri momxsenebeli
jandacvis uflebebis sakiTxebSi
• doqtori elis mileri
kolumbiis universiteti/berklis samarTali kaliforniis univesritetSi, aSS
• madhu bala naTi
regionaluri direqtori, IPPF/SARO
• doqtori naomi mapelo seboni
mmarTveli komitetis wevri, botsvana
• doqtori nono simelela
teqnikuri codnisa da mxardaWeris direqtori
• tang kuni
mmarTveli komitetis wevri, CineTi
• doqtori esTer visente (Tavmjdomare)
mmarTveli komitetis wevri, puerto riko
• doqtori gil griri (Tanamdebobis ZaliT)
IPPF generaluri direqtori
• doqtori Jaklin Sarpi (Tanamdebobis ZaliT)
IPPF prezidenti
pirvel Sexvedraze, romelic 2007 wlis ianvarSi
gaimarTa, komitetis wevrebi SeTanxmdnen, rom seqsualuri uflebebis dacvis deklaraciis SemuSaveba fundamenturi iqneboda IPPF-is xedvisa da misiis
realizaciis saqmisaTvis. miuxedavad imisa, rom IPPF
wesdebam seqsualuri da reproduqciuli uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb axali sityva Tqva federaciaSi,
1994 wlidan (rodesac wesdeba gamoqveynda) axalma
problemebma da sakiTxebma iCina Tavi da Seiqmna seqsualobis iseTi aspeqtebis Seswavlisa da im seqsualuri uflebebis identificirebis aSkara aucilebloba, romlebic iyo myife da romlebsac bevri
ugulebelyofda da saeWvod miiCnevda. wesdebam
safuZveli Cauyara seqsualur da reproduqciul
uflebebs Soris gansxvavebebis codnis xarisxis
amaRlebas; gaCnda aucilebloba saproceso kodeqsis daxvewisa konkretulad seqsualobis sferoSi.
komiteti SeTanxmda, rom deklaracia SesaZlebels gaxdida IPPF-is klientebis janmrTelobisa da
keTildReobis gaumjobesebas da xels Seuwyobda
aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebis miRwevas.
seqsualuri uflebebis dacvis deklaraciis SemuSavebis procesi, rogorc aseTi, warmoadgenda
federaciis Sida ganmartebiT-propagandistul
instruments. diversificirebuli erovnuli, regionaluri da saerTaSoriso monawileobis Sedegad, deklaraciis SemuSavebam gazarda federaciis moxaliseebisa da personalis mier adamianis
uflebebis, adamianis seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli uflebebis xasiaTis da, aseve, seqsualur da
reproduqciul uflebebs Soris arsebuli gansxvavebebisa da saerTo maxasiaTeblebis gaTviTcnobierebis xarisxi. eqspertebs Soris warmarTulma
diskusiebma safuZveli Cauyara codnas fizikuri
da sulieri janmrTelobis umaRlesi standartis
miRwevis Sesaxeb. diskusiebma naTlad daanaxes sazogadoebas, Tu raoden mniSvnelovania seqsualuri
uflebebis dacva. aseve aRiniSna, seqsualuri Tanasworobis ganviTarebis, Tavisuflebis da Rirsebis uflebebs Soris urTierTkavSiris mniSvneloba.
swored es codna iqna asaxuli deklaraciaSi.
deklaraciis SemuSavebis procesSi sxvadasxva
regionebis qveynebis kulturuli da religiuri
garemos gaTvaliswinebis aucilebloba gaCnda.
komitetis wevrebi warmoadgendnen gansxvavebul,
zogjer konfliqtur perspeqtivebs seqsualuri
uflebebTan, rogorc adamianis uflebebis nawilTan dakavSirebiT. amave dros, monawileebi miesalmebodnen seqsualobisken mimarTuli sakiTxebis irgvliv Riad saubris SesaZleblobas – maT Soris,
kulturisa da religiis, bavSvTa qorwinebis, seqs-
muSakebis uflebebis, genderuli identurobis, seqsualuri orientaciis, reproduqciuli teqnologiebis Sesaxeb – romlebic federaciis yoveldRiuri muSaobis nawils Seadgenen.
IPPF regionebis mier gamokvleuli iqna seqsualuri uflebebi maTi sakuTari istoriisa da kulturuli gamocdilebis konteqstSi. am gamocdilebam aseve, didi wvlili Seitana deklaraciis SemuSavebaSi. Arab World-is mier 2007 wlis maisSi rabatSi Catarebuli iqna Sexvedra, romelsac Sedegad
mohyva deklaracia seqsualuri da reproduqciuli
uflebebis Sesaxeb. European Network-is mier 2007 wlis
ivnisSi Catarebuli iqna seminari cisferebis, lesboselebisa da transgenderebis sakiTxebTan dakavSirebiT, romelSic monawileobdnen eqspertebi,
maT Soris lesboselebisa da cisferebis saerTaSoriso asociaciis (ILGA) evropis prezidenti. deklaraciis proeqti da seqsualuri uflebebi ganxiluli iqna afrikis, samxreT aziis, aRmosavleT da
samxreT-aRmosavleT aziisa da okeaniis regionebis
regionaluri komitetis erTobliv Sexvedraze.
dasavleT naxevarsferos regionalur TaTbirze
monawileebis mier Catarebuli iqna diskusia,
romelsac xelmZRvanelobda eqspertTa komiteti.
aRniSnuli komitetis wevrebi iyvnen sonia korea,
adamianis uflebaTa dacvis aqtivisti, entoni
romero, amerikis samoqalaqo Tavisuflebebis kavSiris aRmasrulebeli direqtori da humberto
arango, dasavleT naxevarsferos regionaluri
ofisis warmomadgeneli. iseve, rogorc Arab Worldis monawileebma rabatSi, dasavleT naxevarsferos
delegatebmac gamosces deklaracia. yovel regionalur Sexvedraze, IPPF-is generaluri direqtori saubrobda seqsualuri uflebebis dacvis
deklaraciis Sesaxeb da monawileobas iRebda Semdgom diskusiebSi.
2007 wlis noemberSi, komitetma mmarTvel ko
mitets warudgina proeqti: seqsualuri uflebebis
dacva: IPPF deklaracia da komitetis wevrebs, regionaluri ofisebisa da wevri asociaciebis personals da mmarTvel wevrebs sTxova, gamoeTqvaT
SeniSvnebi, romlebic Semdgom gaTvaliswinebuli
iqna saboloo dokumentis momzadebisas. 2008 wlis
maisSi deklaracia damtkicebuli iqna mmarTveli
komitetis mier. aRniSnuli deklaraciis meSveobiT, IPPF imedovnebs iseTi samyaros Seqmnis perspeqtivas, romelSic garantirebuli iqneba yoveli
adamianis Tavisufleba, Tanasworoba da Rirseba,
gansakuTrebiT seqsualobasTan dakavSirebul sa
kiTxebSi.
8
warmomadgenlobiTi reziume
seqsualuri uflebebi:
IPPF deklaracia efuZneba
adamianis uflebebis dacvis
umniSvnelovanes saerTaSoriso
dokumentebs, saerTaSoriso
standartebis avtoritetul
interpretaciebs da damatebiT
uflebebs, romlebic
dakavSirebulia adamianis
seqsualobasTan da Tavis mxriv,
IPPF-is azriT, am uflebebSi
moiazreba.
deklaracia Seesabameba im saerTaSoriso xel
Sekrulebebs, romlebsac IPPF awers xels. deklaraciis struqtura ukve farTo areals moicavs
IPPF-isa da wevri-asociaciebis arsebul publikaciebSi da asaxavs IPPF-is misias, xedvasa da Rirebulebebs. deklaracia dasabuTebulia gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciis xelSekrulebebis ramdenime monawilisa da specialuri momxseneblis
daskvnebiTa da rekomendaciebiT, kerZod, 2004 wlis
moxsenebiT janmrTelobis umaRlesi standartis
miRwevis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb. deklaracia
SemuSavebuli iqna eqspertebis komitetis mier,
romelic Sedgeboda seqsualuri da reproduqciuli janmrTelobisa da adamianis uflebebis dacvis
sferoSi saerTaSoriso masStabiT aRiarebuli liderebisagan, rogoricaa, magaliTad, pol hanti,
gaerTianebuli erebis specialuri momxsenebeli
janmrTelobis dacvis uflebebis Sesaxeb.
warmomadgenlobiTi reziume ar moiazreba
rogorc deklaraciis alternativa, aramed rogorc
Sesavali misi sxvadasxva nawilebisa da SinaarsisTvis. winamdebare warmomadgenlobiT reziumes yovelTvis Tan unda erTvodes sruli deklaracia,
rom seqsualuri uflebebisa da maTi winapirobebis
yoveli detali mudmivad xelmisawvdomi iyos
seqsualuri uflebebi: IPPF deklaracia Sedgeba
sami nawilisagan:
• preambula, romelSic warmodgenilia deklaraciis koncefcia, moicavs IPPF-is misias da
xedvas, seqsualuri da reproduqciuli janm-
rTelobisa da adamianis uflebebis dacvasTan
dakavSirebuli saerTaSoriso xelSekrulebebisa da dokumentebis konteqstSi. aqve mocemulia
adamianis uflebebis dacvis struqturis ZiriTadi miznis monaxazi;
• Svidi saxelmZRvanelo principi, romelic warmoadgens deklaraciaSi gaerTianebuli yvela
seqsualuri uflebis struqturas da uzrunvelyofs seqsualuri uflebebis pativiscemas,
dacvasa da wina planze wamowevas TviT federaciaSi. seqsualuri uflebebi ganixileba adamianis uflebebis kanonis farglebSi, romelic
universaluri, ganuyofelia da uaryofs diskriminaciis yovelgvar gamovlinebas.
bolo nawili, seqsualuri uflebebi da seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli adamianis uflebebi.
seqsualuri uflebebi moicavs im uflebaTa kompleqss, romlebic dakavSirebulia seqsualobasTan
da Tavis mxriv, gamomdinareobs yvela adamianis
Tavisuflebis, Tanasworobis, kerZo cxovrebis
xelSeuxeblobis, avtonomiis da Rirsebis uflebebidan. vinaidan yovelTvis gaTvaliswinebuli unda
iyos erovnuli da regionaluri Taviseburebebisa
da gansxvavebuli istoriuli, kulturuli da religiuri garemos mniSvneloba, msoflios yvela
regionSi momuSave organizaciebsa da calkeul
pirebs SeuZliaT deklaraciis struqturisa da
ZiriTadi principebis CarTva TavianT saqmianobaSi,
momsaxureobebsa da programebSi. es xels Seuwyobs
seqsualuri uflebebis wina planze wamowevasa da
dacvas.
gvwams ra, rom es Tanmimdevruli da integrirebuli, adamianis uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma
xels Seuwyobs seqsualuri uflebebis, rogorc
globaluri samarTlianobis erT-erTi aspeqtis
realizacias, vadasturebT principebs, romelTa
arsi SemdegSi mdgomareobs:
principi 1. seqsualoba warmoadgens yoveli adamianis individualobis ganuyofel nawils. am mizniT,
aucilebelia iseTi xelsayreli garemos Seqmna,
romelSic yvelas SeeZleba seqsualuri uflebebis, rogorc ganviTarebis procesis ganuyofeli
nawilis, gamoyeneba. seqsualoba warmoadgens nebismieri sazogadoebis nebismieri wevris individualobis ganuyofel nawils. miuxedavad imisa, rom
cakleuli pirebi iseTi wesebiT iyeneben sakuTar
seqsualur uflebebs, romlebic erTmaneTisagan
gansxvavdeba Sida Tu gare faqtorebze damokidebulebiT, seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli adamianis
uflebebi, maTi dacva da wina planze wamoweva unda
warmoadgendes TiToeuli adamianis yoveldRiuri
arsebobis nawils, ra garemoSic ar unda imyofebodes igi. garda amisa, seqsualoba aRqmuli unda
iqnas, rogorc sicocxlis pozitiuri aspeqti.
universalur uflebebs, dafuZnebuls yoveli adamianis Tavisuflebaze, Rirsebasa da Tanasworobaze. seqsualuri da reproduqciuli uflebebis
wesdebis Sesabamisad, IPPF adasturebs, rom TviT
pirovneba warmoadgens ganviTarebis centralur
subieqts da aRiarebs iseTi xelsayreli garemos
Seqmnis mniSvnelobas, romelSic yovel adamians
SeeZleba Tavisi seqsualuri uflebis gamoyeneba imisaTvis, rom SesZlos aqtiuri monawileobis
miReba ekonomikuri, socialuri, kulturuli da
politikuri ganviTarebis procesSi. seqsualoba
adamianisa socialuri cxovrebis aspeqtia, romelSic gaerTianebulia sxeuli, suli, politika, janmrTeloba da sazogadoeba.
principi 2. Tvramet (18) wlamde asakis adamianebis
garantirebuli uflebebi da dacva gansxvavdeba
mozrdilTa uflebebisagan. mniSvnelovania, rom
calkeuli bavSvisTvis arsebobdes imis SesaZlebloba, raTa man gamoiyenos Tavisi uflebebi sakuTari saxeliT. IPPF-isaTvis cnobilia, rom Tvramet (18) wlamde asakis adamianebis garantirebuli
uflebebi da dacva saerTaSoriso da erovnuli
kanonis farglebSi, zogjer gansxvavdeba mozrdilTa uflebebisagan. es gansxvavebebi exeba
adamianis uflebebis yvela aspeqts. aucilebelia konkretuli midgoma seqsualuri uflebebis
TvalsazrisiT. IPPF iwyebs im mosazrebiT, rom
Tvramet (18) wlamde asakis adamianebi warmoadgenen uflebebis mflobelebs da rom Cvilobis,
bavSvobisa da mozardobis speqtris sxvadasxva
wertilSi garkveuli uflebebi da dacva met an
nakleb mniSvnelobas SeiZens. garda amisa, ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobis principi zrdis pativiscemas bavSvebisadmi, maTi Rirsebisadmi. unda
iqnes gaTviTcnobierebuli bavSvis ufleba: iyos
daculi yovelgvari saxis zianisgan. sazogadoebebma unda Seqmnan iseTi garemo, romelSic bavSvebs SeeZlebaT maTi optimaluri SesaZleblobis (unaris) gamovlena da romelSic kidev ufro
didi mniSvneloba mieniWeba sakuTar cxovrebaSi
monawileobisa da gadawyvetilebebis miRebis potencialsa da pasuxismgeblobas.
principi 3. IPPF-isaTvis cnobilia, rom ara-diskriminaciis struqtura safuZvlad udevs adamianis yvela uflebis dacvasa da win wamowevas. ara-
diskriminaciis es struqtura krZalavs yovelgvar gamorCevas, gamoyofas Tu SezRudvas sqesis,
asakis, genderuli individualobis, seqsualuri
orientaciis, ojaxuri mdgomareobis, sqesobrivi
istoriis Tu qcevis - realuris Tu saeWvosi – rasis, kanis feris, eTnikuri warmomavlobis, enis, religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebis, erovnuli Tu socialuri warmoSobis, qonebis, dabadebis,
fizikuri Tu gonebrivi invalidobis, janmrTelobis, maT Soris aiv/Sidsis – mdgomareobis da samoqalaqo, politikuri, socialuri Tu sxva statusis
mixedviT. vinaidan amgvari gamorCeva miznad isaxavs an iwvevs adamianis uflebis xelyofas. agreTve,
politikuri, socialuri, ekonomikuri, kulturuli, samoqalaqo Tu sxva sferoSi arsebuli fundamentaluri Tavisuflebebis aRiarebis, flobisa da
gamoyenebis Seferxebas. calkeuli pirebi sxvadasxvagvar barierebs awydebian maTi seqsualuri uflebebis dacvis moTxovnisas. realuri Tanasworoba
moiTxovs am barierebis aRmofxvras, raTa yoveli
adamianis sxvebTan Tanasworobis safuZveli iyos
fundamenturi uflebebi da Tavisufleba. es SeiZleba moiTxovdes gansakuTrebuli yuradRebis
miqcevas marginalizebuli da mzrunveloba-moklebuli jgufebisaTvis.
principi 4. seqsualoba da misgan gamomdinare
siamovneba warmoadgens adamianis sicocxlis
erT-erT umniSvnelovanes aspeqts, amitom adamiani seqsualur cxovrebas eweva ara mxolod gamravlebis mizniT. sqesobrivi janmrTeloba mTel
cxovrebas moicavs. seqsualoba aris TiTqmis
yvela reproduqciuli gadawyvetilebis erTerTi ganuyofeli faqtori; Tumca, amave dros, es
aris adamianis Semadgeneli nawili. seqsualoba ar
aris mxolod reproduqciuli interesebis damakmayofilebeli instrumenti. reproduqciisagan
damoukidebeli seqsualobisa da seqsualobisagan
damoukidebeli reproduqciis ufleba daculi
unda iqnas, xolo gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda
mieqces im jgufebs, romlebic warsulSi Tu amJamad aseT uflebebs moklebulni arian.
principi 5. TiToeuli adamianis garantirebuli
seqsualuri uflebebi niSnavs misi Tavisuflebis
dacvis valdebulebas da aseve mis dacvas zianis
miyenebisgan. swored Zaladobisa da zianis yvelanairi gamovlinebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli kanonieri qmedebebis SesaZlebloba amyarebs seqsualur
uflebebs. seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli saziano
qmedeba moicavs rogorc Zaladobas, ise fizikuri,
sityvieri, fsiqologiuri, ekonomikuri da sqesobrivi xasiaTis Seuracxyofas. aseve igivdeba Zala-
10
dobad ama Tu im pirebis mimarT maTi sqesis, asakis,
genderuli individualobis, seqsualuri orientaciis, ojaxuri mdgomareobis, sqesobrivi istoriisa da qcevis, seqsualuri gamocdilebis an seqsualuri gamovlinebis gamo maTi diskriminacia.
yvela bavSvs da mozards aqvs specialuri ufleba, daculi iyos eqsploataciis yovelgvari formisagan. es moicavs dacvas sqesobrivi eqsploataciisagan, bavSvTa prostituciisagan da sqesobrivi
Seuracxyofis, Zaladobisa da Seviwroebis yovelgvari formisagan. aseve bavSvis iZulebiTi CarTva
ama Tu im sqesobriv aqtivobaSi Tu praqtikaSi da
bavSvebis gamoyeneba pornografiul warmodgenebsa da masalebSi.
principi 6. seqsualuri uflebebi SeiZleba eqvemdebarebodes mxolod kanoniT dadgenil SezRudvebs im mizniT, rom daculi iqnas sxvaTa uflebebi,
sayovelTao keTildReobis adeqvaturi aRqma da
pativiscema yovel demokratiul sazogadoebaSi.
seqsualuri uflebebi, iseve, rogorc adamianis
sxva uflebebi, SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros mxolod im
SezRudvebs, romlebic kanoniT aris dadgenili da
emsaxureba sazogadoebrivi jandacvisa da wesrigis adeqvatur aRTqmas adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb kanonis Sesabamisad. aseTi SezRudvebi unda iyos
ara-diskriminaciuli, aucilebeli da proporciuli legitimuri miznis miRwevisaTvis. seqsualuri
uflebebis gamoyeneba unda efuZnebodes pirad da
socialur interesebs Soris dinamiur urTierTobas, xedvis mravlobiTobis arsebobis aRiarebas da
Tanasworobas, Rirsebisa da gansxvavebulobis mimarT pativiscemis garantirebas.
principi 7. pativiscemis, dacvisa da aRsrulebis
valdebuleba vrceldeba yvela seqsualur uflebasa da Tavisuflebaze. seqsualuri uflebebi
da Tavisufleba moicavs ZiriTad samarTlebriv
moTxovnebs da am moTxovnebis dakmayofilebis saSualebebis xelmisawvdomobas. iseve, rogorc adamianis sxva uflebebis SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifoebs
Semdegi valdebulebebi ekisreba: yvela adamianis
seqsualuri uflebebis pativiscema, dacva da aRsruleba. pativiscemis valdebuleba saxelmwifoebisagan moiTxovs, Tavi Seikavon pirdapiri Tu
arapirdapiri Carevisagan ama Tu im uflebaSi, am
SemTxvevaSi, seqsualur uflebebSi. dacvis valdebuleba saxelmwifoebisagan moiTxovs, miiRon iseTi
zomebi, romlebic mesame mxares ar aZleven uflebebis aRsrulebaSi Carevis uflebas. aRsrulebis
valdebuleba saxelmwifoebisagan moiTxovs, miiRon saTanado sakanonmdeblo, administraciuli,
sabiujeto, sasamarTlo, sareklamo da sxva zomebi
uflebebis sruli realizaciis miznisaTvis.
seqsualuri uflebebi
da adamianis uflebebi,
romlebic dakavSirebulia
seqsualobasTan
IPPF adasturebs, rom seqsualuri uflebebi aris
adamianis uflebebis ZiriTadi nawili. seqsualuri
uflebebi Sedgeba im uflebebisagan, romlebic
dakavSirebulia seqsualobasTan da romlebic
gamomdinareobs yvela adamianis Tavisuflebis,
Tanasworobis, kerZo cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis,
avtonomiis, xelSeuxeblobisa da Rirsebis uflebebidan. aTi seqsualuri ufleba:
muxli 1. Tanasworobis ufleba, kanonis Tanaswori dacva da Tavisufleba diskriminaciis yo
velgvari formisagan, romelic efuZneba sqess,
seqsualobas an genders.
yvela adamiani ibadeba Tavisufali da Tanaswori
Rirsebisa da uflebebis TvalsazrisiT. yvela adamians unda hqondes ufleba, Tanasworad iqnas daculi kanoniT diskriminaciis yovelgvari formisagan,
romelic efuZneba maT seqsualobas, seqss Tu sqess.
muxli 2. monawileobis ufleba, sqesis, seqsualobis Tu genderuli individualobis miuxedavad.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, icxovros iseT garemoSi, romelSic SesaZlebelia aqtiuri, Tavisufali da azriani monawileoba da wvlilis Setana
adamianis socialur, ekonomikur, kulturul da
politikur aspeqtebSi adgilobriv, erovnul, regionalur da saerTaSoriso doneze. Sedegad SesaZlebelia adamianis uflebebisa da fundamenturi
Tavisuflebebis realizeba.
muxli 3. sicocxlis, Tavisuflebis, dacvisa da
xelSeuxeblobis uflebebi.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba sicocxlisa da Tavisuflebisa, ufleba ar daeqvemdebaros wamebas,
arahumanur da Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas gansakuTrebiT sqesis, asakis, genderis, genderuli individualobis, seqsualuri orientaciis, ojaxuri
mdgomareobis, sqesobrivi warsulis Tu qcevis – realuris Tu saeWvosi – da aiv/Sidsis statusis gamo.
yovel adamians unda hqondes ufleba, sakuTari seqsualoba gankargos Zaladobisa da iZulebis gareSe.
muxli 4. kerZo cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis uf
leba.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, ar dauSvas TviTneburi
Careva mis kerZo cxovrebaSi, ojaxSi, saxlSi, dokumentebsa Tu korespondenciaSi. daicvas kerZo
cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis ufleba, romelic
aucilebelia sqesobrivi damoukideblobisaTvis.
muxli 5. personaluri damoukideblobisa da
kanonis winaSe aRiarebis ufleba.
yvela adamians aqvs kanonis winaSe aRiarebisa da seqsualuri Tavisuflebis ufleba, romelic moicavs
adamianis SesaZleblobas, Tavad gaakontrolos
da gadawyvitos seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli
sakiTxebi, airCios seqsualuri partniori, srulad
gamoavlinos sakuTari seqsualuri potenciali da
miiRos siamovneba, sxvaTa uflebebis ara-diskriminaciis da bavSvebis ganviTarebadi unaris saTanado
pativiscemis farglebSi.
muxli 6. fiqris, azrisa da gamoxatvis ufleba;
urTierTobis ufleba.
yvela adamians aqvs fiqris, azrisa da gamoxatvis
ufleba seqsualobasTan,seqsualur orientaciasTan Tu genderul identurobasTan dakavSirebiT,
TviTneburi Carevisa da SezRudvis gareSe dominanturi kulturuli rwmenisa Tu politikuri ideologiebis, an sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, moralis,
jandacvisa Tu usafrTxoebis diskriminaciuli
niSnis safuZvelze.
muxli 7. jandacvisa da mecnieruli progresis
miRwevebis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, isargeblos fizikuri da sulieri janmrTelobis dacvis umaRlesi
standartiT, romelic moicavs janmrTelobisa da
sqesobrivi janmrTelobis dacvis determinantebs
yovelgvari sqesobrivi problemisa da aSlilobis
prevenciis, diagnostikisa da mkurnalobisaTvis.
muxli 8. ganaTlebisa da informirebulobis
ufleba.
yvela adamians, yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe,
aqvs srulyofili sqesobrivi ganaTlebisa da informaciis miRebis ufleba, romelic aucilebeli
da sasargebloa srulyofili moqalaqeobisa da Tanasworobis uflebebiT sargeblobisaTvis kerZo,
sazogadoebriv da politikur sferoSi.
muxli 9. qorwinebis, ojaxis Seqmnisa da dagegmvis da Svilebis yolis, Svilebis yolis gzebisa
da drois arCevnis ufleba.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, airCios, daqorwindes
Tu ara, Seqmnas da degegmos Tu ara ojaxi, rodis
iyolios Svilebi, Tavisuflad da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT gadawyvitos maTi raodenoba. icxov-
ros iseT garemoSi, sadac kanoni da politika aRiarebs ojaxis formebis sxvadasxvagvarobas, maT Soris iseT formebs, romlebic ar aris gansazRvruli
memkvidreobiT Tu qorwinebiT.
muxli 10. angariSvaldebulebisa da kompensaciis ufleba
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba efeqtur, adekvatur,
xelmisawvdom da Sesabamis aRmzrdelobiT, sakanonmdeblo, samarTlebriv da sxva zomebze. ufleba,
moiTxovos Tavisi seqsualuri uflebebis dacva
im pirebisagan, romlebic am sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT angariSvaldebulni arian. es bevrad efeqturs
gaxdis seqsualuri uflebebis ganxorcielebisa da
maTi darRvevis SemTxvevaSi samarTlebrivi dacvis
saSualebebis xelmisawvdomobis monitoringis Se
saZleblobas. aseve sruli kompensaciis xelmisawvdomobas restituciis, reabilitaciis, dakmayofilebis, ganumeoreblobis garantiis Tu sxva saSualebebis meSveobiT.
seqsualuri uflebebi: IPPF deklaracia uzrunvelyofs erTmniSvnelovan struqturas. am struqturis farglebSi wevr-asociaciebs SeuZliaT TavianTi, rogorc servis-provaiderebis, pasuxismgeblobebis gageba. isini ukeT iqnebian aRWurvilni
imisaTvis, rom daiwyon an gaafarTovon TavianTi
muSaoba, rac iTvaliswinebs xelmisawvdomobis gazrdas yvelasaTvis. servis-provaiderebs eZlevaT
saSualeba miscen klientebs seqsualuri da reproduqciuli uflebebis sruli realizebis SesaZlebloba. deklaracia, aseve, Seasrulebs saxelmwifoebisaTvis maTi pasuxismgeblobis Sexsenebis
instrumentis funqcias. kerZod, momdevno globaluri iniciativis dagegmvisas, romelic yuradRebas
gaamaxvilebs seqsualur da reproduqciul janmrTelobasa da uflebebze.
deklaraciis ganmartebiTi propaganda samTavrobo organizaciebs daexmareba grZelvadiani
valdebulebebis gaTviTcnobierebasa da dasaxvaSi.
agreTve, amgvari propaganda ukeT gaaSuqebs seqsualur uflebebs, sazogadoebriv jandacvasa da
ganviTarebas Soris arsebuli kavSirs .
IPPF, mis mier dasaxuli miznebis miRwevisaTvis, muSaobs adamianis uflebebis farglebSi, rac
moicavs adamianis yvela uflebis universalurobis, urTierTkavSiris, urTierTdamokidebulebisa
da ganuyoflobis principebs. IPPF darwmunebulia
da aRiarebs, rom seqsualuri uflebebi adamianis
uflebebis erT-erT komponentia da mTlianobaSi,
seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli uflebebis ganviTarebad kompleqss warmoadgens. kompleqss, romelsac didi wvlili Seaqvs yvela adamianis Tavisuflebis, Tanasworobisa da Rirsebis garantirebaSi.
12
seqsualuri uflebebi:
IPPF deklaracia
14
preambula
seqsualuri
uflebebi:
IPPF
deklaracia
efuZneba adamianis uflebebis dacvis umniSvnelovanes saerTaSoriso dokumentebs, saerTaSoriso
standartebis avtoritetul interpretaciebs da
damatebiT uflebebs, romlebic dakavSirebulia
adamianis seqsualobasTan, da Tavis mxriv, IPPF-is
azriT, am uflebebSi igulisxmeba.
deklaracias safuZvlad udevs dokumentebi,
romlebic SemuSavebuli iqna gaerTianebuli erebis
adamianis uflebebis msoflio konferenciaze 1993
wels; gaerTianebuli erebis mosaxleobisa da ganviTarebis saerTaSoriso konferenciaze 1994 wels;
gaerTianebuli erebis qalTa meoTxe msoflio konferenciaze 1995 wels, dokumentSi_“gaerTianebuli
erebis aTaswleulis deklaracia da aTaswleulis
ganviTarebis gegmebi“. masSi, aseve, asaxulia gaerTianebuli erebis xelSekrulebebis monawile mxareebisa da gaerTianebuli erebis specialuri momxseneblebis daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi, kerZod,
jandacvis umaRlesi xarisxis miRwevis uflebebis
Sesaxeb specialuri momxseneblis mier adamianis
uflebebis dacvis komisiisaTvis warmodgenili moxseneba 2004 wels.
deklaracia avsebs IPPF wesdebas seqsualuri da
reproduqciuli uflebebis Sesaxeb. misi mizania
seqsualuri uflebebis naTlad identificireba da
seqsualobis yovlismomcveli xedvis mxardaWera.
es xedva miznad isaxavs yvela adamianis seqsualuri
damoukideblobis uflebebis pativiscemas, dacvasa
da win wamowevas da sqesobrivi janmrTelobisa da
uflebebis dacvis xelSewyobas ara-diskriminaciis
farglebSi. IPPF darwmunebulia, rom janmrTelobis
dacva warmoadgens adamianis erT-erT fundamentur
uflebas, romelic aucilebelia adamianis yvela
sxva uflebiT sargeblobisaTvis. igi, aseve, darwmunebulia, rom seqsualuri da reproduqciuli
janmrTelobis dacva warmoadgens yvela adamianis
uflebas, hqondes fizikuri da sulieri janmrTelobis SeZlebisdagvarad umaRlesi standarti.
sqesobrivi janmrTelobis miRweva Tu SenarCuneba SeuZlebelia seqsualuri uflebebis gareSe,
magram, seqsualuri uflebebi moicavs janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebul uflebamosilebaze mets.
seqsualuri uflebebi exeba specialur normebs,
romlebic warmoiqmneba maSin, rodesac adamianis
arsebuli uflebebi seqsualobaze vrceldeba. es
uflebebi moicavs yvela adamianis Tavisuflebas,
Tanasworobas, kerZo cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobas,
damoukideblobasa da Rirsebas; im principebs,
romlebic aRiarebulia mraval saerTaSoriso dokumentSi, romlebic konkretulad seqsualobas
exeba.
seqsualuri uflebebi gvTavazobs midgomas,
romelic moicavs da scildeba kidec konkretuli
individualurobebis dacvas. seqsualuri uflebebi warmoadgens iseTi pirobebis garantias,
romlebSic SesaZlebelia seqsualobis gamoxatva
yovelgvari iZulebis, diskriminaciis, Zaladobis
gareSe da Rirsebisadmi pativiscemis konteqstSi.
IPPF aRiarebs, rom seqsualoba adamianobis erTerTi centraluri aspeqtia mTeli sicocxlis ganmavlobaSi. miuxedavad imisa,rom seqsualoba SeiZleba moicavdes yvela momdevno ganzomilebas, yvela
maTganis gamocdileba Tu gamoxatva yovelTvis ar
xdeba. es aris ganviTarebadi koncefcia, romelic
moicavs seqsualur aqtivobas, genderul individualurobebs, seqsualur orientacias, erotizms,
siamovnebas, intimurobasa da reproduqcias. igi
Sedgeba biologiuri, fsiqologiuri, socialuri, ekonomikuri, politikuri, kulturuli, eTikuri, samarTlebrivi, istoriuli, religiuri da
sulieri faqtorebisagan. seqsualobis gancda da
gamoxatva xdeba fiqrebSi, fantaziebSi, survilebSi, rwmenaSi, damokidebulebebSi, RirebulebebSi,
qcevebSi, praqtikebSi da urTierTobebSi.
IPPF-saTvis cnobilia, rom seqsualobis bevri
gamoxatuleba arareproduqciulia da rom seqsualobis globaluri cnobiereba ganviTarebadia. amdenad, IPPF aRiarebs seqsualuri uflebebis
konkretuli, ara reproduqciuli uflebebisa da
reproduqciuli janmrTelobis qvejgufad identificirebis saWiroebas. IPPF aRiarebs, rom seqsualuri uflebebis nebadamrTveli pirobebis Seqmnis valdebuleba avsebs mis ufro farTo valdebulebas. amgvari valdebuleba moicavs lokalur da
globalur brZolas TanasworobisaTvis regresis,
mSvidobis, zogadi, socialuri da saerTaSoriso
wesrigis uflebis xelmisawdomobis TvalsazrisiT,
rodesac SesaZlebelia yvela adamianis Rirsebis,
uflebebisa da Tavisuflebis srulad realizeba.
seqsualuri uflebebis aRsruleba aucilebelia
individis, rogorc ekonomikuri, socialuri, kulturuli da politikuri ganviTarebis procesis
subieqtis, aqtiuri monawilisa da beneficiaris
prioritetulobisaTvis. romelSic SesaZlebelia
adamianis yvela uflebisa da fundamenturi Tavisuflebis srulad realizeba. IPPF darwmunebulia, rom uflebebiT sargeblobisaTvis saWiro
pirobebis Seqmnis erT-erTi mTavari aspeqtis safuZvels warmoadgens angariSvaldebuli struqturebis ganviTareba. aseTi struqturebi unda
uzrunvelyofdnen ara marto individualur samarTlebriv dacvasa da kompensacias, aramed,
aseve, im Zalauflebis, praqtikisa da mniSvnelobis
meqanizmebiT dainteresebas, romlebic iwveven seqsualuri uflebebis darRvevas. IPPF aRiarebs, rom
swored es aZlevs safuZvels misi momsaxureobebis
gawevisa da ganmartebiT-propagandistul Zalisxmevas. amdenad, IPPF mis wevr-asociaciebs urCevs:
deklaracia, maTi saqmianobis mTels procesSi,
saxelmZRvanelod gamoiyenon seqsualuri uflebebis pativiscemis, dacvisa da win wamowevisaTvis.
aseve valdebulebis integrirebisa da maTi mimdinare politikis, strategiebisa da programebis ganmtkicebisa da gafarToebisTvis.
deklaracia warmoadgens struqturas, romelic xels uwyobs adamianis sabazo uflebebis seqsualobaze gavrcelebis gaTviTcnobierebis xarisxis
amaRlebas. federaciis yvela komponents ZaluZs
am struqturisa da misi sabazo principebis gaerTianeba Tavis saqmianobaSi, momsaxureobebsa da
programebSi. am RonisZiebis danergviT, ukeT iqneba Sesrulebuli seqsualuri uflebebis win wamowevisa da dacvis pasuxismgebloba, ganmtkicebuli
da gafarToebuli iqneba misi mimdinare politikebi da strategiebi. IPPF emxroba adamianis universaluri, xelSeuvali da ganuyofeli uflebebis,
maT Soris seqsualuri uflebebis xedvas. Tumca,
igi aRiarebs, rom ama Tu im qveyanaSi arsebulma
pirobebma SeiZleba garkveuli Semaferxebeli
zegavlena moaxdinos winamdebare deklaraciaSi
gansazRvruli principebisa da uflebebis ganxorcielebaze. aseTi situaciebis gansazRvrisa da
mxedvelobaSi miRebis mizniT specialuri procesebi iqneba ganxorcielebuli.
seqsualuri uflebebi: IPPF deklaracia IPPF
mmarTveli komitetis mier 2008 wlis 10 maiss iqna
miRebuli.
16
zogadi principebi
IPPF elis, rom yvela wevriasociacia gaiziarebs
federaciis misias, xedvasa
da Rirebulebebs, maT
Soris, im proncipebs,
romlebic safuZvlad udevs
winamdebare deklaracias
da gaerTianebulia masSi.
es principebi asaxuli unda
iqnas im programebsa da
strategiebSi, romlebic
federaciis komponentebis
mier iqna SemuSavebuli im
win wamowevis, dacvisa
da aRsrulebis mizniT,
romlebic miTiTebulia
winamdebare deklaraciis
Semdegi dasaxelebis nawilSi:
seqsualuri uflebebi
aris adamianis uflebebi,
romlebic seqsualobasTan
aris dakavSirebuli.
principi 1
seqsualoba aris yoveli
adamianis pirovnebis erTerTi ganuyofeli nawili. amis
gaTvaliswinebiT, aucilebelia
iseTi garemos Seqmna, romelSic
TiToeul adamians SeeZleba
yvela seqsualuri uflebiT
sargebloba ganviTarebis
procesis farglebSi.
miuxedavad imisa, rom calkeuli pirebis seqsualobis gancda iseTi gzebiT xdeba, romlebic gansxvavdeba erTmaneTisagan Sida da gare faqtorebze damokidebulebiT, adamianis seqsualobasTan
dakavSirebuli uflebebi, maTi dacva da win wamoweva unda warmoadgendes TiToeuli adamianis
yoveldRiuri arsebobis nawils, sadac ar unda imyofebodes igi. seqsualuri uflebebi aris adamianis universaluri uflebebi, romlebsac safuZvlad udevs yvela adamianis Tavisufleba, Rirseba
da Tanasworoba. siRaribe aris sqesobrivi janmrTelobis gauaresebisa da seqsualuri uTanasworobisa da gamonaklisebis rogorc mizezi, ise
Sedegi. programis dagegmva unda moicavdes siRaribis kavSirs aRniSnul problemebTan da mis
rols adamianis uflebebiT sargeblobasa da maT
xelyofaSi gansakuTrebiT, mis zegavlenas seqsualur uflebebze.
uTanasworoba. genderuli uTanasworobisa da
cudi janmrTelobis problemebis gadaWras unda
isaxavdes miznad ganviTarebis yvela proeqti,
programa da struqtura – romelic SemuSavebulia aTaswleulis ganviTarebis miznebis safuZvlad. aTaswleulis ganviTarebis gegmebis miRweva
– dedebis janmrTelobis gaumjobeseba, bavSvTa
sikvdilianobis Semcireba, genderuli Tanasworobis xelSewyoba da brZola aiv da Sids-is winaaRmdeg
– sxva miznebs Soris, pirdapirdamokidebulebaSia
sqesobrivi janmrTelobis dacvis momsaxureobebis
sayovelTao xelmisawvdomobis uzrunvelyofasa
da seqsualuri uflebebis dacvasTan. seqsualuri
da reproduqciuli uflebebis dacvis wesdebis
Sesabamisad, IPPF adasturebs, rom adamiani aris
ganviTarebis centraluri subieqti da aRiarebs
iseTi xelsayreli garemos Seqmnis mniSvnelobas,
romelSic TiToeul adamians SeeZleba seqsualuri
uflebebiT sargebloba, raTa SesZlos aqtiuri
monawileobis miReba ekonomikuri, socialuri,
kulturuli da politikuri ganviTarebis procesSi. seqsualoba aris adamianisa da socialuri
cxovrebis erT-erTi aspeqti, romelic moicavs
sxeuls, gonebas, politikas, janmrTelobasa da sazogadoebas. seqsualuri uflebebi moicavs gamoxatviT, asociaciur da monawileobiT elementebs
da mWidrod aris dakavSirebuli erTianobasa da
damoukideblobasTan. seqsualuri uflebebis aRiarebisa da maTi garantirebisaTvis valdebulebis
dakisrebiT IPPF adasturebs, rom am uflebebis
pativiscema, dacva da aRsruleba moiTxovs yuradRebis miqcevas yvela am sferosa da elementze;
rac, Tavis mxriv, warmoadgens adamianuri aqtivobis kerZo da sajaro sferoebSi mimdinare istoriuli procesebis nawils.
principi 2
Tvramet wlamde asakis
adamianebisaTvis
garantirebuli uflebebi
da dacvis saSualebebi
gansxvavdeba mozrdilebis
uflebebisa da dacvis
saSualebebisagan.
es uflebebi da dacva unda iTvaliswinebdes
calkeuli bavSvis ganviTarebad unars, Tavad
isargeblos sakuTari uflebebiT. IPPF aRiarebs,
rom Tvramet wlamde asakis adamianebisaTvis garantirebuli uflebebi da dacvis saSualebebi,
saerTaSoriso da erovnuli kanonebis Sesabamisad,
zogjer gansxvavdeba mozrdilebis uflebebisagan. es gansxvavebebi ukavSirdeba adamianis uflebebis yvela aspeqts, magram moiTxovs konkretul
midgomebs seqsualuri uflebebis mimarT. IPPF
gamomdinareobs is mosazrebidan, rom Tvramet (18)
wlamde asakis adamianebi uflebebis mflobelebi
arian da rom Cvilobis, bavSvobisa da mozardobis
sxvadasxva momentSi garkveuli uflebebi da dacvis
saSualebebi met an nakleb mniSvnelobas iZenen.
bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb konvenciis me-5 muxlis Tanaxmad, bavSvze pasuxismgebeli mSoblebis
an meurveebis mier micemuli mimarTuleba Tu
gaweuli xelmZRvaneloba unda iTvaliswinebdes
bavSvisTvis SesaZleblobas, Tavad isargeblos
sakuTari uflebebiT. bavSvTa ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobebis koncefcia moiTxovs balanss Semdegs Soris: bavSvebis aRiareba aqtiur pirovnebebad sakuTar cxovrebaSi, romlebic imsaxureben pativiscemas, rogorc moqalaqeebi, rogorc
xalxi da maTi aRiareba uflebebis matareblebad,
romelTa damoukidebloba sul ufro da ufro izrdeba. amave dros, bavSvebs ufleba aqvT, daculni
iyvnen maTi daucvelobis xarisxis Sesabamisad.
es koncefcia aRiarebs, rom dacvis xarisxi iseT
saqmianobaSi monawileobisagan, romelic SeiZleba saziano aRmoCndes bavSvebisaTvis, Semcirdeba maTi ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobis mixedviT.
garda amisa, ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobis principi aerTianebs pativiscemas bavSvebisa da maTi
Rirsebis mimarT. aniWebs maT uflebas, daculni
iyvnen zianis nebismieri formisagan, Tumca, amave
dros aRiarebs maTi wvlilis mniSvnelobas maTive
dacvaSi..
sazogadoebam unda Seqmnas iseTi garemo, romelSic optimaluri SesaZleblobebis miRweva da ufro
didi pativiscema iqneba gamoxatuli bavSvebis sakuTar cxovrebaSi monawileobis, pasuxismgeblobisa da gadawyvetilebebis miRebis potencialis
mimarT. bavSvebis uflebebsa da sxva interesebs
Soris urTierTkavSirs ramdenime umTavresi principi aregulirebs. maT Sorisaa: Tvramet wlamde
asakis pirebis aRqma uflebebis mflobelebad;
bavSvis saukeTeso interesebis dacva; bavSvis ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobebi; ara-diskriminacia da
pasuxismgebloba keTildReobisaTvis Sesaferisi
pirobebis uzrunvelyofaze. seqsualuri uflebebis konteqstSi, es principebi moiTxovs individualizebul midgomas, romelSic asaxulia simwifis demonstracia da im garkveuli garemoebebis
gaTvaliswineba, rogoricaa bavSvis Tu mozardis
specifiuri cnobiereba, aqtivoba, fizikuri da sulieri janmrTelobis mdgomareoba, urTierToba
mSoblebTan an sxva dainteresebul pirebTan da arsebuli problemebis xasiaTi.
18
principi 3
ara-diskriminacia
safuZvlad udevs
adamianis yvela uflebis
dacvasa da xelSewyobas.
IPPF adasturebs, rom ara-diskriminaciis struqtura safuZvlad udevs adamianis yvela uflebis
dacvasa da xelSewyobas. es struqtura krZalavs
raime saxis gamorCevas, gamoricxvas Tu SezRudvas
sqesis, asakis, genderis, genderuli individualobis, seqsualuri orientaciis, ojaxuri mdgomareobis, sqesobrivi istoriis – realuris Tu saeWvos,
rasis, kanis feris, eTnikuri warmomavlobis, enis,
religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebis gamo.
ara-diskriminaciis struqtura aseve krZalavs
gamorCevas erovnuli, socialuri Tu geografiuli warmoSobis niSniT. aseve dauSvebelia gamorCeva
qonebis, dabadebis, fizikuri Tu gonebrivi invalidobis, janmrTelobis – maT Soris aiv – mdgomareobis da samoqalaqo, politikuri, socialuri Tu sxva
mdgomareobis gamo. amgvari struqturis mizania
politikur, ekonomikur, socialur, kulturul,
samoqalaqo Tu sxva sferoSi adamianis uflebebisa
da fundamenturi Tavisuflebebis Tanaswori aRiareba. miuRebelia am uflebebis xelyofa an maTi
gamoyenebisaTvis barieris Seqmna.
diskriminacia, seqsualuri uflebebis TvalsazrisiT, SeiZleba gamoixatos kulturuli, ekonomikuri, politikuri Tu socialuri uflebebis
uTanasworo xelmisawvdomobaSi sqesis, asakis, genderis, genderuli individualobis, seqsualuri
orientaciis, ojaxuri mdgomareobis, sqesobrivi
istoriis – realuris Tu saeWvosi, seqsualuri
praqtikis an seqsualuri orientaciis gamo. diskriminacia gamoixateba aseve, iseTi seqsualuri
uflebebis xelyofaSi, rogoricaa sqesobrivi
janmrTelobis dacvis momsaxureobebiT sargebloba, srulyofili ganaTleba seqsualobis sferoSi da samarTlebrivi dacva seqsualuri Zaladobis SemTxvevaSi, rac aferxebs ama Tu im piris
mier uflebebiT sargeblobas sxva adamianebTan
Tanasworobis safuZvelze. calkeuli pirebi sxvadasxvagvar barierebs awydebian maTi seqsualuri
uflebebiT sargeblobisas. realuri Tanasworoba
moiTxovs am barierebis aRmofxvras imisaTvis, rom
adamianebma isargeblon fundamenturi uflebebiTa da TavisuflebiT sxvaTa msgavsad. es moiTxovs
gansakuTrebuli yuradRebis miqcevas marginalizebuli da mzrunveloba-moklebuli jgufebisaTvis.
principi 4
seqsualoba da misgan
gamomdinare siamovneba
kacobriobis arsebobis erTerTi centraluri aspeqtia,
miuxedavad imisa, surs Tu ara
ama Tu im pirs gamravleba
sqesobrivi janmrTeloba mTels cxovrebas moicavs.
seqsualoba aris TiTqmis yvela reproduqciuli
gadawyvetilebis erT-erTi ganuyofeli faqtori;
Tumca, amave dros, es aris adamianis sicocxlis
erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi aspeqti, miuxedavad
imisa, surs Tu ara mas gamravleba. seqsualoba ar
aris mxolod reproduqciuli interesebis damakmayofilebeli instrumenti. reproduqciisagan
damoukidebeli seqsualobisa da seqsualobisagan
damoukidebeli reproduqciis ufleba daculi
unda iqnas, xolo gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda
mieqces im jgufebs, romlebic warsulSi Tu amJamad aseT uflebebs moklebulni arian.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, iyos iseT pirobebSi, romlebSic SesaZlebelia siamovnebis momtani
seqsualobis gancda. siamovneba efuZneba individualur da urTierTobriv damoukideblobas,
risTvisac aucilebelia, arsebobdes iseTi saxelmwifo politika, romelic exeba seqsualobis saganmanaTleblo sferos, janmrTelobis dacvis
samsaxurebs, Tavisuflebas iZulebiTi da Zaladobrivi qmedebebis gareSe, aseve, aucilebelia eTikuri normebis SemuSaveba samarTlianobis, Tanasworobisa da Tavisuflebis sakiTxebis irgvliv.
imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom siamovneba seqsualobis
damaxasiaTebel aspeqts warmoadgens, misi miRebis,
gamoxatvisa da drois gansazRvris ufleba aravisTvis ar unda iqnas xelyofili.
principi 5
TiToeuli adamianis
garantireba moicavs
Tavisuflebisa da zianisagan
dacvis valdebulebas .
swored Zaladobisa da zianis yvela formisagan
daculobisa da maT winaaRmdeg regresis ufleba
amyarebs seqsualur uflebebs. seqsualobasTan
dakavSirebuli ziani moicavs fizikuri, sityvieri,
fsiqologiuri, ekonomikuri da sqesobrivi xasiaTis Seuracxyofas da, aseve, Zaladobas ama Tu im
pirebis mimarT maTi sqesis, asakis, genderuli individualobis, seqsualuri orientaciis, ojaxuri mdgomareobis, sqesobrivi istoriisa da qcevis – realuris Tu ararealuri` seqsualuri
gamocdilebis gamo da Tu ra saxiT avlenen isini sakuTar seqsualobas. yvela bavSvs da mozards aqvs
specialuri ufleba, daculi iyos eqsploataciis
yovelgvari formisagan. es moicavs dacvas sqesobrivi eqsploataciisagan, bavSvTa prostituciisagan da sqesobrivi Seuracxyofis, Zaladobisa
da Seviwroebis yovelgvari formisagan, maT Soris,
bavSvis iZulebiTi CarTva ama Tu im sqesobriv aqtivobaSi Tu praqtikaSi da bavSvebis gamoyeneba
pornografiul warmodgenebsa da masalebSi.
principi 6.
seqsualuri uflebebi
SeiZleba eqvemdebarebodes
mxolod kanoniT dadgenil
SezRudvebs im mizniT,
rom daculi iqnas
sxvaTa uflebebisa da
Tavisuflebis, sayovelTao
keTildReobis adeqvaturi
aRqma da pativiscema yovel
demokratiul sazogadoebaSi.
seqsualuri uflebebi, iseve, rogorc adamianis
sxva uflebebi, SeiZleba daeqvemdebaros mxolod
im SezRudvebs, romlebic kanoniT aris dadgenili
im mizniT, rom daculi iqnas sxvaTa uflebebisa da
Tavisuflebis, sayovelTao keTildReobis, sazogadoebrivi jandacvisa da wesrigis adeqvaturi aRqma
da pativiscema yovel demokratiul sazogadoebaSi
adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb kanonis Sesabamisad.
aseTi SezRudvebi unda iyos ara-diskriminaciuli,
aucilebeli da proporciuli legitimuri miznis
miRwevisaTvis. seqsualuri uflebebis gamoyeneba
unda xelmZRvanelobdes pirad da socialur interesebs Soris dinamiuri urTierTobis, xedvis
mravlobiTobis arsebobis aRiarebas, Tanasworobis, Rirsebisa da gansxvavebulobis mimarT pativiscemis garantirebis saWiroebas.
principi 7.
pativiscemis, dacvisa da aRsrulebis valdebuleba vrceldeba yvela seqsualur
uflebasa da Tavisuflebaze
.
seqsualuri uflebebi da Tavisuflebebi moicavs
ZiriTad samarTlebriv moTxovnebs da am moTxovnebis dakmayofilebis saSualebebis xelmisawvdomobas. iseve, rogorc adamianis sxva uflebebis
SemTxvevaSi, saxelmwifoebs Semdegi valdebulebebi ekisreba: yvela adamianis seqsualuri uflebebis pativiscema, dacva da aRsruleba. pativiscemis
valdebuleba saxelmwifoebisagan moiTxovs, Tavi
Seikavon pirdapiri Tu arapirdapiri Carevisagan ama Tu im uflebaSi, am SemTxvevaSi, seqsualur
uflebebSi. dacvis valdebuleba saxelmwifoebisagan moiTxovs, miiRon iseTi zomebi, romlebic mesame mxares ar aZleven adamianis uflebebis garantiebSi Carevis uflebas.
aRsrulebis valdebuleba saxelmwifoebisagan
moiTxovs, miiRon saTanado sakanonmdeblo, administraciuli, sabiujeto, sasamarTlo, sareklamo
da sxva zomebi uflebebis sruli realizaciis miznebisaTvis. miuxedavad imisa, rom saxelmwifo rCeba
upirveles pasuxismgebel pirad adamianis uflebebis pativiscemis, dacvisa da aRsrulebis sferoSi,
samoqalaqo sazogadoebis sxva wevrebs, romelTa
qmedebebi Tu Secdomebi uaryofiT zegavlenas
axdens seqsualuri uflebebiT sargeblobaze,
aseve, garkveuli pasuxismgebloba unda daekisroT.
es SeiZleba moicavdes sxva saxelmwifoebs, transsasazRvro organoebsa da programebs, romlebic
muSaoben daxmarebis gawevis mizniT, usafrTxoebis
dacvis struqturebs da sxva aliansebs, aseve, arasaxelmwifo organoebs, romlebic moicaven rogorc
komerciul, ise aramomgebian da religiur sazogadoebebs da, aseve, calkeul pirebs. aqedan gamomdinare, saxelmwifoebma Tavi unda Seikavon adamianis seqsualuri uflebebis darRvevisa an am uflebebSi Carevisagan, unda daicvan es uflebebi mesame
mxaris mier xelyofisa da darRvevisagan da unda
miiRon pozitiuri zomebi da qmedebebi. amgvari
zomebia efeqturi, TanamgrZnobi da pasuxismgebeli
dawesebulebebis Seqmna da resursebis ganawileba
seqsualuri uflebebis realizebis miznebisaTvis.
IPPF valdebulebas iRebs, gaakeTos yvelaferi,
rac mis ZalaSia, imisaTvis, rom daarwmunos yvela
wevri-asociacia, sakuTari roli Seasrulon seqsualuri uflebebis pativiscemis dacvasa da aRsrulebaSi, maTi sakanonmdeblo, administraciuli, sabiujeto da sxva politikisa da praqtikis farglebSi.
20
seqsualuri uflebebi aris
adamianis uflebebi, romlebic
dakavSirebulia seqsualobasTan
IPPF adasturebs, rom seqsualuri
uflebebi aris adamianis uflebebi.
seqsualuri uflebebi Sedgeba
im uflebebisagan, romlebic
dakavSirebulia seqsualobasTan
da romlebic gamomdinareobs
yvela adamianis Tavisuflebis,
Tanasworobis, kerZo cxovrebis
xelSeuxeblobis, damoukideblobis,
piradi xelSeuxeblobisa da
Rirsebis uflebebidan.
mravali saerTaSoriso dokumenti, norma Tu standarti, aRiarebs im mniSvnelovan principebs, romlebic seqsualobasTan aris dakavSirebuli.
seqsualuri uflebebi aris specifiuri normebi,
romlebic warmoiqmneba maSin, rodesac adamianis
uflebebi vrceldeba seqsualobaze. seqsualuri
uflebebi icavs ama Tu im Taviseburebas, magram
scdeba am farglebs da icavs yvela adamianis uflebas, hqondes SesaZlebloba, aRasrulos da gamoxatos sakuTari seqsualoba, sxva adamianebis uflebebis saTanado dacviT da ara-diskriminaciis koncefciis farglebSi.
Semdegi,(qvemoT CamonaTvali), seqsualuri uf
lebebi adamianis uflebebis sabazo da damkvidrebul principebs avrcelebs adamianis seqsualobis sferoze. maTi gamoyeneba gansakuTrebiT
mniSvnelovania Raribi, marginalizebuli, socialurad ugulebelyofili da mzrunveloba-moklebuli jgufebisaTvis, miuxedavad imisa, rom amgvari
maxasiaTeblebi Soreul Tu axlo warsuls ekuTvnis. imis gaTvaliswinebiT, rom IPPF adasturebs
adamianis uflebebis universalurobas, urTierTkavSirs, urTierTdamokidebulebasa da ganuyoflobas, is Tanmimdevroba, romliTac Semdegi
seqsualuri uflebebi gaerTianebulia winamdebare deklaraciaSi, ar gulisxmobs raime konkretul ierarqias. Semdegi(qvemoT CamonaTvali) muxlebis ganxorcieleba unda iTvaliswinebdes maT
winamorbed zogad principebs.
muxli 1.
Tanasworobis ufleba, kanonis
Tanaswori dacva da Tavisufleba
diskriminaciis yovelgvari
formisagan, romelic efuZneba
seqss, seqsualobas an sqess.
- yvela adamiani ibadeba Tavisufali da Tanaswori
- Rirsebisa da uflebebis TvalsazrisiT. yvela
adamians unda hqondes ufleba, kanoniT Tanasworad iqnas daculi diskriminaciis yovelgvari
formisagan, romelic efuZneba maT seqsualobas,
seqss Tu sqess;
- yvela adamianisaTvis garantirebuli unda iqnas
iseTi garemo, romelSic yvelas Tanasworad SeuZlia saxelmwifos mier miniWebuli uflebebiT
sargebloba da maTi gamoyeneba. saxelmwifoebma
da samoqalaqo sazogadoebebma unda miiRon zomebi, rom xeli Seewyos socialuri da kulturuli
praqtikis modifikacias, romelic efuZneba
qalebisa da mamakacebis stereotipul rols an
sqesis Tu genderuli gamoxatvebis srulfasovneba-arasrulfasovnebis mosazrebebs.
- yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, imuSaos, miiRos
ganaTleba, jandacvis momsaxureobebi, socialuri dacva da sxva ekonomikuri, socialuri Tu
kulturuli uflebebi; aseve, is saSualebebi,
momsaxureobebi da pirobebi, romlebic aucilebelia maTi realizebisaTvis, raime mizeziT diskriminaciis gareSe.
- yvela adamians unda mieniWos samarTlebrivi funqcia da SesaZleblobebi am funqciis gansaxorcieleblad, Tanaswori uflebebi xelSekrulebebis gasaformeblad da qonebis samarTavad, aseve,
Tanaswori damokidebuleba sasamarTlo procesisa Tu tribunalis nebismier etapze.
- yvela adamians erTnairi ufleba unda hqondes im
kanonis TvalsazrisiT, romelic exeba adamianebis gadaadgilebas da mis mier sacxovreblis arCevis Tavisuflebas, yovelgvari diskriminaciis
gareSe.
muxli 2.
muxli 3.
- yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, icxovros iseT garemoSi, romelSic SesaZlebelia aqtiuri, Tavisufali da azriani monawileoba da sakuTari wvlilis
Setana adamianis sicocxlis socialur, ekonomikur, kulturul da politikur aspeqtebSi adgilobriv, erovnul, regionalur da saerTaSoriso
doneze. es muxli SesaZlebels xdis adamianis
uflebebisa da fundamenturi Tavisuflebebis
realizebas.
- yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, monawileoba miiRos
iseTi politikis SemuSavebasa da ganxorcielebaSi, romelic adgens mis keTildReobas, sqesobriv
da reproduqciul janmrTelobas, formaluri
Tu araformaluri barierebis gareSe, magaliTad,
qorwinebis kvalifikaciebi, aiv mdgomareobasTan
dakavSirebuli pirobebi an diskriminaciuli genderuli normebi, stereotipebi da crurwmenebi,
romlebic gamoricxaven an zRudaven adamianebis
monawileobas genderuli da sqesobrivi Taviseburebebis mosazrebis gamo.
- xalgazrdobas, romelsac xSirad gamoricxaven,
unda hqondes monawileobisa da protagonistobis
ufleba cvlilebebis ganxorcielebis procesSi.
maT unda hqondeT imis saSualeba, rom garkveuli
wvlili Seitanon da pasuxismgebloba gaiziaron
im politikisa da programebis SemuSavebaSi, romlebic exeba sqesobrivi da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis dacvas, xelSewyobasa da aRsrulebas.
- yvela adamians unda hqondes SesaZlebloba,
monawileoba miiRos sazogadoebriv da politikur cxovrebaSi, maT Soris, daikavos saxelmwifo
Tanamdeboba da Seasrulos sajaro funqciebi,
yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe.
- monawileobis aucilebeli pirobaa, rom yvela
adamians hqondes gadaadgilebisa da samSoblodan
wasvlis Tu samSobloSi dabrunebis ufleba, aseve,
im dokumentebis Tanaswori xelmisawvdomoba, romlebic aucilebelia amgvari gadaadgilebisa da mgzavrobisTvis, yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe.
- yvela adamians aqvs Tavisuflebis da sicocxlis
ufleba. ufleba, ar daeqvemdebaros wamebas, arahumanur da Rirsebis Semlaxvel mopyrobas, gansakuTrebiT, diskriminaciis safuZvelze. yovel
adamians unda hqondes ufleba, sakuTari seqsualoba gankargos Zaladobisa Tu iZulebis gareSe.
- yvela adamians aqvs sicocxlisa da sxeulis integrirebulobis ufleba. am uflebas safrTxes
an risks ar unda uqmnides ojaxis „RirsebisaTvis
miyenebuli Seuracxyofis SurisZieba”.
adamiani ar unda daeqvemdebaros sasamarTlo
Tu arasasamarTlo mkvlelobas, dasjas sxeulze
zianis miyenebis saxiT, misi sqesobrivi warsulis an
qcevis, genderuli Taviseburebis an TviTgamoxatvis gamo.
qalis sicocxle da janmrTeloba ar unda iqnas
dayenebuli riskis qveS samedicino daxmarebis gauwevlobis gamo, misi fizikuri Tu gonebrivi mdgomareobis mizeziT. an sxva mizezebiT, romlebic
konkurentul mniSvnelobas aniWeben mis nayofs,
romelsac igi SeiZleba atarebdes.(an mizeziT,sadac
orsulobis SemTxvevaSi,prioriteti eniWeba nayofs, )
qals ar unda miesajos iZulebiTi dedoba misi
seqsualobis gamoyenebis Sedegad.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, Tavisufali iyos
zianis momtani tradiciuli wesebisagan, maT Soris
igulisxmeba qalis sasqeso organoebis dazianeba
da iZulebiTi an naadrevi qorwineba.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, gaTavisufldes
Zaladobisgan, maT Soris, fizikuri, sityvieri,
fsiqologiuri Tu ekonomikuri Seuracxyofis
yovelgvari formisagan, seqsualuri Seviwroebisagan, gaupatiurebisa da iZulebiTi seqsis sxva
formebisgan qorwinebis farglebSi Tu mis farglebs gareT, SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi Tu patimrobaSi.
yvela adamians, maT Soris yvela sqesis seqs-muSakebs, aqvs ufleba, realuri Tu saeWvo seqsualuri aqtivobis SemTxvevaSi, ar daeqvemdebaros
monawileobis ufleba, sqesis,
seqsualobis Tu genderis
miuxedavad.
sicocxlis, Tavisuflebis, dacvisa
da xelSeuxeblobis uflebebi.
22
Zaladobis risks, romelic Seqmnilia stigmasa da
diskriminaciis Sedegad misi sqesis, seqsualobis
Tu genderis gamo.
aravin unda daeqvemdebaros TviTnebur dakavebas, an TviTneburi Tu diskriminatoruli sanqciebis dakisrebas sisxlis samarTlis im arazusti da
bundovani debulebebis darRvevisaTvis, romlebic
exeba SeTanxmebul seqss.
adamianis seqsualuri arCevani, praqtika Tu
gamoxatva, maT Soris, seqs-samuSaos realuri Tu
saeWvo praqtika, ar unda iqces Zaladobis, Seuracxyofis da Seviwroebis gamarTlebis, patiebis
an dasjis Serbilebis faqtorad.
yvela migrantisa da migranti muSakisaTvis, gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdebis, qalebisa da transgenderebisaTvis, im qveyanaSi, romelSic isini cxovroben da muSaoben, xelmisawvdomi unda iyos maTi
seqsualuri Tu genderuli gamoxatvis gamo sxeulis dazianebis, Zaladobisa da Seuracxyofisagan
dacvis saSualebebi. aseve mniSvnelovania maTi sqesobrivi janmrTelobisa da uflebebis dacva da aRsruleba.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, iTxovos da isargeblos TavSesafriT devnis dros, maT Soris, iseTi
devnis dros, romelic gamowveulia saxelmwifos
qmedebebiT an arasakmarisi zomebis miRebiT adamianis seriozuli Seuracxyofis winaaRmdeg, roca
es Seuracxyofa miyenebulia misi sqesis, genderis,
genderuli individualobis, sqesobrivi warsulis
Tu qcevis, seqsualuri orientaciis, an aiv mdgomareobis niadagze.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, ar daeqvemdebaros
gayvanas, eqstradicias Tu gadasaxlebas an amis safrTxes iseT saxelmwifoSi, romelSic igi SeiZleba ganicdides dasabuTebul SiSs devnis gamo misi
sqesis, genderuli individualobis, seqsualuri
warsulis, qcevis, seqsualuri orientaciis an aiv
mdgomareobis niadagze.
muxli 4.
kerZo cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis
ufleba.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, ar daeqvemdebaros
TviTnebur Carevas mis kerZo cxovrebaSi, ojaxSi, saxlSi, dokumentebsa Tu korespondenciaSi
da kerZo cxovrebis xelSeuxeblobis uflebaSi,
romelic aucilebelia sqesobrivi damoukideblobis gancdisaTvis.
yvela adamians aqvs seqsualuri damoukideblobis ufleba. mas unda SeeZlos gadawyvetilebebis
miReba misi seqsualobis, seqsualuri qcevisa da intimurobis Sesaxeb, yovelgvari TviTneburi Care-
vis gareSe.
yvela adamians aqvs konfidencialobis ufleba
sqesobrivi jandacvis momsaxureobebTan dakavSirebiT da, zogadad, im informaciis dacvis ufleba, romelic mis aiv-statuss exeba. mas aqvs ufleba,
daculi iqnas TviTneburi gamJRavnebisagan (mxilebisgan), nebadarTuli SezRudvebis farglebSi
da yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, gaakontrolos im
informaciis gamJRavneba, romelic exeba mis sqesobriv arCevnebs, warsuls, seqsualur partniorebs,
qcevas da seqsualobasTan dakavSirebul sxva
sakiTxebs.
muxli 5.
personaluri damoukideblobisa da
kanonis winaSe aRiarebis ufleba.
yvela adamians aqvs kanonis winaSe aRiarebisa da seqsualuri Tavisuflebis ufleba, romelic moicavs
adamianis SesaZleblobas, Tavad gaakontrolos
da gadawyvitos seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli
sakiTxebi, airCios seqsualuri partniori, srulad
gamoavlinos sakuTari seqsualuri potenciali da
miiRos siamovneba. am uflebiT sargebloba xdeba
ara-diskriminaciis farglebSi da sxvaTa uflebebisa da bavSvebis ganviTarebadi unaris saTanado
pativiscemiT.
yvela adamians aqvs kanonis winaSe aRiarebis
ufleba, sadac ar unda imyofebodes, ama Tu im
niadagze gamowveuli diskriminaciis gareSe.
yvela adamians aqvs damoukidebeli da urTierTobiTi seqsualuri praqtikisa da qcevis ufleba
iseTi socialuri, politikuri da ekonomikuri pirobebis garemoSi, romelSic SesaZlebelia yvela
uflebisa da Tavisuflebis realizeba Tanasworobis safuZvelze; diskriminaciis, Zaladobisa da
iZulebis gareSe.
adamiani ar unda daeqvemdebaros wesebs, romlebic TviTneburad axdenen SeTanxmebuli seqsualuri urTierTobebis Tu praqtikis kriminalizacias. adamiani ar unda daeqvemdebaros dapatimrebas an dakavebas sqesis, seqsualobis, an SeTanxmebuli seqsualuri praqtikisa Tu qcevis niadagze.
yvela TavisuflebaaRkveTil adamians aqvs uf
leba, ar daeqvemdebaros Seuracxyofas an zianis
risks diskriminaciis akrZaluli formebis niadagze. yvela TavisuflebaaRkveTil adamians aqvs
ufleba, iyos daculi marginalizaciisagan da
hqondes regularuli ojaxuri vizitebi.
yvela adamians unda hqondes ufleba, daculi iqnas trefikingisgan.
adamiani ar unda daeqvemdebaros iZulebiT
samedicino gamokvlevas da procedurebs, samedicino testirebas an iZulebiT moTavsebas samedicino dawesebulebaSi seqsualuri orientaciis,
sqesobrivi warsulis Tu qcevis – realuris Tu
eWvmitanilis, aseve genderuli individualobis
gamoxatvis gamo.
adamiani ar unda aiZulon gaiaros samedicino
procedurebi, maT Soris sqesis Secvlis operacia,
sterilizacia an hormonaluri Terapia, rogorc
moTxovna misi genderuli individualobis kanoniT
aRiarebisaTvis. adamiani ar unda daeqvemdebaros
zewolas misi sqesis, asakis, genderuli individualobis Tu seqsualuri orientaciis damalvis, daTrgunvis an xelyofis mizniT.
adamians aqvs ufleba, miiRos piradobis damadasturebeli dokumentebi miTiTebuli sqesiT,
romlebic asaxaven am adamianis mier gansazRvrul
genderul individualobas, maT Soris, dabadebis
mowmoba, pasporti da saarCevno dokumentebi.
muxli 6.
luri orientaciis, genderuli individualobisa
da seqsualobis Sesaxeb nebismieri kanonieri wyarodan da sazRvrebis mouxedavad. procesi unda
warimarTos ara-diskriminaciis farglebSi da sxvaTa uflebebisa da bavSvTa ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
yvela adamians aqvs mSvidobiani Sekrebis, jgufebSi, organizaciebsa da sxvagasxvagvar formirebebSi
gaerTianebis an maTi Seqmnis ufleba. yvela adamians aqvs ufleba adamianis uflebebTan, seqsualur
uflebebTan, seqsualobasTan, seqsualur orientaciasa da genderul individualobasTan dakavSirebuli sakiTxebis Sesaxeb informaciisa da mosazrebebis SemuSaveba, gacvla, reklamireba da gadacema
nebismieri saSualebiT. amisaTvis aucilebelia
iseTi socialuri wyoba, romelSic SesaZlebelia
yvela adamianis uflebisa da Tavisuflebis realizeba.
muxli 7.
fiqris, azrisa da gamoxatvis
ufleba; urTierTobis ufleba.
jandacvisa da mecnieruli
progresis miRwevebis
xelmisawvdomobis ufleba.
yvela adamians aqvs fiqris, azrisa da gamoxatvis
ufleba seqsualobasTan, seqsualur orientaciasTan Tu genderul individualobasTan dakavSirebiT, TviTneburi Carevisa Tu SezRudvis gareSe.
SezRudvebs xSir SemTxvevaSi safuZvlad udevs
dominanturi kulturuli rwmena, politikuri
ideologia, sazogadoebrivi wesrigis, moralis,
jandacvisa Tu usafrTxoebis diskriminaciuli
faqtori.
yvela adamians aqvs fiqris, sindisisa da religiis Tavisuflad gamoxatvis neba, maT Soris ufleba, hqondes sakuTari Sexedulebebi yovelgvari
Carevis gareSe, ara-diskriminaciis farglebSi da
bavSvebis ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, gamoscados sakuTari seqsualoba, hqondes ocnebebi Tu fantaziebi, gamoxatos Tavisi survilebi SiSis, sircxvilis,
danaSaulis, yalbi rwmenebisa da sxva barierebis
gareSe, sxvaTa uflebebis mimarT sruli pativiscemiT.
yvela adamians, gansakuTrebiT qals, aqvs ufleba, individualoba gamoxatos saubris, qcevis, Cacmulobis, sxeulis maxasiaTeblebis, saxelis arCevisa da sxva saSualebebis meSveobiT, yovelgvari
SezRudvebis gareSe.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, moiZios, miiRos da
sxvas gadasces informacia da mosazrebebi adamianis uflebebis, seqsualuri uflebebis, seqsua-
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, isargeblos fizikuri da sulieri janmrTelobis dacvis umaRlesi
standartiT, romelic moicavs janmrTelobisa da
sqesobrivi janmrTelobis dacvis determinantebs
yovelgvari sqesobrivi problemis, aSlilobis
prevenciis, diagnostikisa da mkurnalobisaTvis.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, daJinebiT moiTxovos usafrTxo seqsi arasasurveli orsulobisa da
sqesobrivi gziT gadamdebi infeqciebis, maT Soris
aiv-isa da Sids-is prevenciis mizniT.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, monawileoba miiRos
kanonebis, politikis, programebisa da momsaxureobebis dawesebaSi, romlebic dakavSirebulia sazogadoebriv jandacvasTan sazogadoebaSi.
jandacvis yovelgvari intervencia unda iTvaliswinebdes marginalizebuli pirebisa da sazogadoebebis specialur saWiroebebs.
yvela adamianisaTvis xelmisawvdomi unda iyos
jandacvis momsaxureobebi, am momsaxureobebis
provaiderebis Segnebuli protestis miuxedavad.
yvela adamians aqvs im informaciis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba, romelic exeba seqsualur uflebebs, seqsualur orientacias, seqsualobasa da
genderul individualobas janmrTelobis dacvis
konteqstiT. aseve jandacvis SeZlebisdagvarad
saukeTeso momsaxureobebis xelmisawvdomobis
ufleba, romlebic efuZneba damtkicebul da mecnierulad dasabuTebul kvlevebs.
24
yvela adamians, maT Soris seqs-muSakebs, aqvs
usafrTxo pirobebSi muSaobis, jandacvis momsaxureobiT sargeblobisa da dacvis ufleba, romelic aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom yvela partniorisa
da klientisagan moiTxovos usafrTxo seqsis praqtika.
yvela adamians, SeiaraRebul konfliqtSi Tu
iZulebiT gadaadgilebisas, unda hqondes srulyofili momsaxureobebisa da dacvis ufleba sqesobrivi da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis sferoSi.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, isargeblos mecnieruli progresis miRwevebiT da maTi gamoyenebiT seqsualur uflebebsa da sqesobrivi jandacvis sferoSi.
yvela adamians unda hqondes reproduqciuli
janmrTelobis dacvis teqnologiebis, momsaxureobebis Tu samedicino intervenciebis gamoyenebis
an uaryofis ufleba da saSualebebi Tanasworobis
safuZvelze yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe.
asakobrivi SezRudvebi am uflebebze unda akmayofilebdes aradiskriminaciis moTxovnebs da bavSvis ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobebis princips.
muxli 8.
ganaTlebisa da informirebulobis
ufleba.
yvela adamians, yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe,
aqvs srulyofili sqesobrivi ganaTlebisa da informaciis miRebis ufleba, romelic aucilebeli
da sasargebloa srulyofili moqalaqeobisa da Tanasworobis uflebebiT sargeblobisaTvis kerZo,
sazogadoebriv da politikur sferoSi.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, miiRos ganaTleba,
romelic miznad isaxavs stigmisa da diskriminaciis aRmofxvras axalgazrdobaSi. es xels Seuwyobs
maT Camoyalibebas da ganviTarebas informirebul
pirovnebebad, romlebic pasuxismgeblebi iqnebian sakuTar sicocxleze. amgvari ganaTleba maT
uflebas aZlevs, monawileoba miiRon sqesobriv
jandacvasa da seqsualobis Sesaxeb informirebulobasTan dakavSirebuli politikis gansazRvraSi.
yvela adamians da, gansakuTrebiT, axalgazrdobas, aqvs ufleba, gasces informacia seqsualobis
srulyofili saganmanaTleblo programebisa da
seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli politikis Sesaxeb.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, hqondes saSualeba,
gamoimuSaos ufro Zlieri da Tanaswori urTierTobebis miRwevis unar-Cvevebi.
yvela adamians, qveynis sazRvrebis miuxedavad,
nebismieri wyaros meSveobiT, unda hqondes yvela
im tradiciuli da aratradiciuli informaciis
xelmisawvdomobis ufleba, romelic anmtkicebs
seqsualobas, seqsualur uflebebs da sqesobriv
janmrTelobas. gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda
mieqces axalgazrdobis uflebebs seqsualuri da
genderuli SeuTavseblobisa da sqesobrivi urTierTobebis Sesaxeb informaciis xelmisawvdomobis sakiTxSi.
yvela adamians unda hqondes sazogadoebis,
skolis, jandacvis momsaxureobebis provaiderebis mier mowodebuli seqsualobas dakavSirebuli
informaciis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba misTvis gasageb enaze. aq igulisxmeba is informaciac,
romelic exeba sqesobrivi da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis dacvas da gadawyvetilebebis miRebas,
Tu rodis, rogor da visTan daamyaros man sqesobrivi urTierToba. aseve mniSvnelovania, axalgazrdam icodes: rodis xdeba sqesobrivi qceva reproduqciuli.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, miiRos sakmarisi
ganaTleba da informacia, raTa nebismieri gadawyvetileba misi sqesobrivi da reproduqciuli cxovrebis Sesaxeb miRebuli iqnas damoukideblad,
Tavisufali nebiT da sruli informirebulobis
safuZvelze.
muxli 9.
qorwinebis, ojaxis Seqmnis,
dagegmvisa da Svilebis yolis
ufleba. Svilebis yolis gzebisa da
drois arCevnis ufleba.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, airCios: daqorwindes
Tu ara, Seqmnas da degegmos Tu ara ojaxi, rodis
iyolios Svilebi, Tavisuflad da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT gadawyvitos Svilebis raodenoba
iseT garemoSi, romelSic kanoni da politika aRiarebs ojaxis formebis sxvadasxvagvarobas, maT Soris iseT formebs, romlebic ar aris gansazRvruli
memkvidreobiT Tu qorwinebiT.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, Tavisuflad da sruli TanxmobiT daqorwindes an sxvagvari urTierToba daamyaros aradiskriminaciis farglebSi da
bavSvTa ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
yvela adamians aqvs ojaxTan dakavSirebuli socialuri keTildReobiTa, da sxva sazogadoebrivi
upiratesobebiT sargeblobis ufleba romlebic
dakavSirebulia dasaqmebasa da emigraciasTan
ojaxis formisagan damoukideblad, maT Soris igulisxmeba ojaxis iseTi modelebi, romlebic ar aris
gansazRvruli memkvidreobiT Tu qorwinebiT.
yvela adamians aqvs informaciisa da ganaTlebis
miRebis ufleba. misTvis xelmisawvdomi unda iyos
saSualebebi, romlebic aucilebelia Svilebis yola-aryolis, maTi raodenobis, gaCenis xelsayreli
drois da bavSvebs Soris intervalebis dagegvmisaTvis. yoveli aseTi gadawyvetileba miRebuli unda
iqnas Tavisuflad da pasuxismgeblobis grZnobiT.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, gaakeTos Tavisufali arCevani reproduqciasa da ojaxis SeqmnasTan dakavSirebiT; mas aqvs ufleba, miiRos gadawyvetileba biologiuri Tu naSvilebi Svilebis
yola-aryolis Sesaxeb, gamoiyenos nayofierebis
regulirebis yvela usafrTxo, efeqturi, misaRebi da xelmisawvdomi meTodebi, isargeblos reproduqciuli teqnologiebiTa da mkurnalobiT.
yvela adamians aqvs sakonsultacio da sxva momsaxureobebis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba, romlebic
dakavSirebulia reproduqciasTan, uSvilobasa
da orsulobis SewyvetasTan ojaxuri mdgomareobis miuxedavad, aradiskriminaciis farglebSi da
bavSvebis ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobebis gaTvaliswinebiT.
yvela qals aqvs ufleba, miiRos informacia,
ganaTleba da momsaxureoba, romelic aucilebelia reproduqciuli janmrTelobis dacvisTvis,
usafrTxo dedobisa da usafrTxo abortisaTvis
da romelic xelmisawvdomi, misaRebi da gamosadegia yvela momxmareblisTvis. yvela adamians unda
hqondes Tanaswori uflebebi da pasuxismgeblobebi im sakiTxebSi, romlebic exeba meurveobas, mzrunvelobas da bavSvebis Svilad ayvanas, aseve im
dawesebulebebs, romlebSic, aradiskriminaciis
farglebSi, es koncefciebi erovnul kanonmdeblobaSia Cadebuli; yvela SemTxvevaSi, bavSvTa interesebs upirvelesi mniSvneloba eniWeba.
muxli 10.
angariSvaldebulebisa da
kompensaciis ufleba
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba efeqtur, adeqvatur,
xelmisawvdom da Sesabamis aRmzrdelobiT, sakanonmdeblo, samarTlebriv da sxva zomebze imisaTvis, rom moiTxovos im adamianebisagan, romlebic
valdebulni arian, daicvan seqsualuri uflebebi,
srulad angariSvaldebulni iyvnen mis winaSe. es
moicavs seqsualuri uflebebis ganxorcielebisa da maTi darRvevis SemTxvevaSi samarTlebrivi
dacvis saSualebebis xelmisawvdomobis monitoringis SesaZleblobas, maT Soris, sruli kompensaciis
xelmisawvdomobas restituciis, kompensaciis, re-
abilitaciis, dakmayofilebis, ganumeoreblobis
garantiis Tu sxva saSualebebis meSveobiT.
saxelmwifoebma unda Seqmnan angariSvaldebulebis meqanizmebi imisaTvis, rom daculi iqnas
maTi, seqsualuri uflebebis garantirebasTan
dakavSirebuli valdebulebebi.
yvela adamians unda hqondes angariSvaldebulebisa da samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebis
efeqturi meqanizmebis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba
SeiaraRebuli konfliqtis dros, gansakuTrebiT
sqesobrivi da genderuli Zaladobis SemTxvevaSi.
yvela adamians unda hqondes im informaciisa da
daxmarebis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba, romelic
aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom moiTxovos samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebi da uzrunvelyofili
kompensacia maTi seqsualuri uflebebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi.
yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, pasuxi mosTxovos im
arasamTavrobo pirebs, romelTa qmedebebi da Secdomebi uaryofiT zegavlenas axdens mis mier misi
sakuTari seqsualuri uflebebiT sargeblobaze.
es moicavs samarTlebrivi dacvis saSualebebisa
da kompensaciis moTxovnis SesaZleblobas seqsualuri uflebebis darRvevis SemTxvevaSi.
saxelmwifoebma unda miiRon zomebi imisaTvis,
rom mesame mxarem ar daarRvios sxvaTa seqsualuri
uflebebi. IPPF valdebulebas iRebs, yvelaferi gaakeTos, misi SesaZleblobebis farglebSi, maT Soris
teqnikuri da finansuri daxmarebis gaweva, imisaTvis, rom misma yvela wevrma-asociaciam awarmoos
seqsualuri uflebebis ganmartebiTi propaganda,
uzrunvelyos sqesobrivi janmrTelobis dacvis
klientze orientirebuli, aradiskriminatoruli momsaxureobebis gaweva, informireba da seqsualobasTan dakavSirebuli srulyofili saganmanaTleblo saqmianoba da mis personalsa da misi
programebisa da proeqtebis monawileebs moepyros
winamdebare deklaraciaSi gaerTianebuli principebisa da seqsualuri uflebebis Sesabamisad.
26
referenciebi da
SeniSvnebi
qvemod moyvanil SeniSvnebSi miTiTebulia im principebisa da
uflebebis wyaroebi, romlebic IPPF-is mier Camoyalibebuli
iqna dokumentSi: seqsualuri uflebebi: IPPF deklaracia.
es wyaroebi moicavs adamianis uflebebis dacvis umniSvnelovanes saerTaSoriso
dokumentebs da saerTaSoriso standartebis avtoritetul interpretaciebs.
Cven, aseve, CavrTeT referenciebi, romlebic adastureben im damatebiT uflebebs,
romlebsac, IPPF-is azriT, moicavs umniSvnelovanesi saerTaSoriso standartebi.
es wyaroebi moicavs erovnuli mTavrobebis mier miRebul kanonebsa da politikebs,
adamianis uflebebis dacvis saerTaSoriso swavlulebisa da damcvelebis
gamonaTqvamebs da IPPF wevri-asociaciebis mier ganxorcielebul procesebs.
- seqsualuri da reproduqciuli uflebebis IPPF wesdebis (1995) sruli teqsti
ixileT Semdeg veb-saitze: www.ippf.org/en/Resources/Statements/IPPF+Charter+on+Sexual+an
d+Reproductive+Rights.html
- saerTaSoriso standartebisa da gaeros adamianis uflebebis dacvis
organizaciebis moxsenebebis sruli teqsti ixileT adamianis uflebebis umaRlesi
komisris gaeros ofisis veb-saitze: www.ohchr.org
- seqsualuri uflebebisa da sqesobrivi janmrTelobis dacvis Sesaxeb jandacvis
msoflio organizaciis mier Catarebuli diskusiebi ixileT Semdeg veb-saitze:
www.who.int/reproductive-health/gender/sexualhealth.html#4
- iogiakartas principebis (Yogyakarta Principles) sruli teqsti: adamianis uflebebis
Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso kanonis gamoyenebis principebi seqsualuri orientaciisa
da genderuli individualobis mimarT (Yogyakarta Principles) (2007) ixileT Semdeg vebsaitze: www.yogyakartaprinciples.org
SeniSvnebi da ganmartebebi
saerTasoriso kanoni adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb:
adamianis uflebebis msoflio deklaracia (UDHR).
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb (ICCPR) da misi ori ofcionaluri protokoli.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb (ICESCR).
adamianis uflebebis umniSvnelovanesi saerTaSoriso dokumentebi da maTi makontrolebeli organoebi:
saerTaSoriso konvencia rasobrivi diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb (ICERD) –
makontrolebeli organo: CERD.
konvencia qalebis winaaRmdeg diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb (CEDAW) - makontrolebeli organo: CEDAW da misi ofcionaluri protokoli
konvencia wamebisa da ulmobeli, araadamianuri an Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis yvelanairi formis
winaaRmdeg (CAT) - makontrolebeli organo: CAT da misi ofcionaluri protokoli.
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb (CRC) - makontrolebeli organo: CRC da misi ori ofcionaluri
protokoli.
saerTaSoriso konvencia migranti muSakebisa da maTi ojaxis wevrebis uflebebis dacvis Sesaxeb (CMW)
- makontrolebeli organo: CMW.
konvencia Sromisuunaro pirebis uflebebis Sesaxeb (ZalaSi Sesvlis TariRi: 2008 wlis 3 maisi).
saerTaSoriso konvencia yvela adamianis iZulebiTi gauCinarebisagan dacvis Sesaxeb (ZalaSi Sesvlis
TariRi: 2008 wlis maisi).
adamianis uflebebis umTavresi xelSekrulebebis garda, arsebobs adamianis uflebebis saerTaSoriso
dokumentebic, romlebic, Tumca samarTlebrivad savaldebulo ar aris, warmoadgenen udavo moralur
Zalas da uzrunvelyofen praqtikul xelmZRvanelobas saxelmwifoebisaTvis maTi qcevis sferoSi. es dokumentebia:
venis deklaracia da samoqmedo programa.
gaerTianebuli erebis aTaswleulis deklaracia.
gaerTianebuli erebis deklaracia qalebis winaaRmdeg Zaladobis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb.
gaerTianebuli erebis deklaracia ganviTarebis uflebis Sesaxeb.
konvencia qorwinebis, qorwinebis minimaluri asakisa da qorwinebebis registraciis SeTanxmebis Sesaxeb.
aiv/Sids-Tan dakavSirebuli valdebulebis deklaracia.
CESCR komitetma ganacxada, rom jandacvis ufleba moicavs Tavisuflebas, romelic, Tavis mxriv,
moicavs gadawyvetilebis miRebis uflebas adamianis janmrTelobisa da sxeulis Sesaxeb, maT Soris, seqsualur da reproduqciul Tavisuflebas.
ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti:
zogadi komentari: janmrTelobis SeZlebisdagvarad umaRlesi standartis miRwevis ufleba. gaeros
dokumenti E/C.12/2000/4 11 agvisto, 2000 w.
specialuri momxseneblis moxseneba jandacvis uflebis Sesaxeb, romelic warmodgenili iqna
gaeros adamianis uflebebis komisiis me-60 sxdomaze.
gaeros dokumenti E/CN.4/2004/49 (2004) punqti 9.
seqsualoba mdebareobs socialurisa da individualuris gadakveTis wertilSi da gamomdinareobs socialur, politikur, ekonomikur da kulturul struqturebs Soris dinamiuri urTierTqmedebidan adgilobriv, erovnul da saerTaSoriso doneze. es dinamika asaxavs yvela adamianis mier
sakuTari Tavisa da sxvebis SegrZnebas seqsualuri uflebebis mqone adamianebad.
specialuri momxseneblis moxseneba jandacvis uflebis Sesaxeb, E/CN.4/2004/49 (2004) punqti 55.
aseTi situaciebis aRiarebis procesi iqneba analogiuri im procesisa, romelic gamoyenebulia wevriasociaciebis mier strategiuli struqturis ramdenime miznis ganxorcielebisas. aq igulisxmeba procesi iseTi miznebis gansaxorcieleblad, romlebic Sesaferisia maTi qveynis pirobebisTvis, kanonmdeblobis CaTvliT. ama Tu im qveynis situaciuri analizi Catarebuli iqneba wevri-asociaciis mier. analizi dokumentirebuli iqneba. xelSekruleba gaformdeba regionalur direqtors, regionalur aRmasrulebel
komitetsa da wevr-asociacias Soris.
28
ix.: Ilkkaracan, P. & Jolly, S. (2007) sqesi da seqsualoba: mimoxilvis moxseneba (BRIDGE: ganviTarebis kvlevebis instituti) Semdeg veb-saitze: www.bridge.ids.ac.uk/reports_gend_CEP.html#Sexuality
Tanasworoba aris samarTlianoba da samarTali SeRavaTebisa da pasuxismgeblobebis ganawilebaSi. genderuli Tanasworobis koncefcia aRiarebs, rom qalebsa da mamakacebs gansxvavebuli saWiroeba
da Zalaufleba aqvT. amitom es gansxvavebebi identificirebuli da gadaWrili unda iqnas iseTi gziT,
romelic daaregulirebs disbalanss sqesebs Soris
Tanasworoba aris diskriminaciis ararseboba SesaZleblobebSi, resursebisa da SeRavaTebis ganawilebaSi da momsaxureobebis xelmisawvdomobaSi.
genderuli Tanasworoba exeba qalebisa da mamakacebis gazomvad Tanabar warmomadgenlobas. genderuli Tanasworoba imas ki ar gulisxmobs, rom qalebi da mamakacebi erTnairebi arian, aramed imas, rom maT
aqvT Tanabari Rirebuleba da rom maT Tanabrad unda moepyran. genderuli Tanasworoba exeba rogorc
qalebis, ise mamakacebis SesaZleblobas: Tanabrad miiRon Zalaufleba da zegavlena; iqonion Tanabari
SesaZleblobebi, uflebebi da valdebulebebi sajaro da kerZo sferoebSi, maT Soris, muSaobasa da Semosavlebis miRebaSi; iqonion xarisxiani ganaTlebis miRebis SesaZlebloba; iqonion sakuTari potencialis sruli ganviTarebis Tanabari ufleba rogorc ojaxSi, ise zogadad sazogadoebaSi arsebuli
resursebisa da momsaxureobebis Tanabari xelmisawvdomobis ufleba. aseve mniSvnelovania iqonion Tanabrad mopyrobis SesaZlebloba kanonisa da politikis farglebSi. genderuli Tanasworoba imas ki ar gulisxmobs, rom qalebi da mamakacebi erTnairebi arian, aramed imas, rom maTi uflebebi, pasuxismgebloba
da SesaZleblobebi ar aris damokidebuli maT sqesze.
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 5. mxareebma pativi unda scen mSoblebis, an didi ojaxebis wevrebis an sazogadoebis - rogorc gaTvaliswinebulia adgilobrivi adaT-wesebiT – anderZiT meurveebis an bavSvze samarTlebrivad pasuxismgebeli sxva pirebis pasuxismgeblobebs, imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyofili iqnas, bavSvis ganviTarebadi SesaZleblobebis Sesabamisi gzebiT, saTanado mimarTuleba da
xelmZRvaneloba bavSvis mier winamdebare konvenciaSi aRiarebuli uflebebiT sargeblobisas. www.ohchr.
org/english/law/crc.htm
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb, gansazRvravs cnebas: 18 wlamde asakis adamianebi – uflebebis
mflobelebi. bavSvi, saerTaSoriso kanonis Tanaxmad, niSnavs Tvramet wlamde asakis yovel adamians.
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 1: winamdebare konvenciis miznebisaTvis, bavSvi niSnavs
Tvramet wlamde asakis yovel adamians, Tu, kanoni, romelic am bavSvze vrceldeba, ar gansazRvravs
srulwlovanebis miRwevas Tvramet wlamde asakSi.
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 3 (1). bavSvebTan dakavSirebul yvela qmedebaSi,
romelsac axorcieleben socialuri keTildReobis sajaro Tu kerZo dawesebulebebi, sasamarTloebi,
administraciuli Tu sakanonmdeblo organoebi, upirvelesi mniSvnelobis sferos warmoadgens bavSvis
saukeTeso interesebi. (2) saxelmwifo mxareebi valdebulni arian, uzrunvelyon bavSvis iseTi dacva da
movla, romelic aucilebelia misi keTildReobisaTvis, misi mSoblebis, meurveebis an masze kanoniT
pasuxismgebeli sxva pirebis uflebebisa da movaleobebis gaTvaliswinebiT . am miznis misaRwevad, maT
unda miiRon yovelgvari saTanado sakanonmdeblo da administraciuli zomebi. (3) saxelmwifo-mxareebma
unda uzrunvelyon, rom bavSvebis movlasa da dacvaze pasuxismgebeli dawesebulebebi da samsaxurebi
akmayofilebdnen kompetenturi organoebis mier dadgenil standartebs, gansakuTrebiT usafrTxoebis,
jandacvis, personalis raodenobisa da kompetenturi zedamxedvelobis sferoebSi.
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 5: mxareebma pativi unda scen mSoblebis, didi ojaxebis
wevrebis, sazogadoebis(Tu es gaTvaliswinebulia adgilobrivi adaT-wesebiT), anderZiT meurveebis an
bavSvze samarTlebrivad pasuxismgebeli sxva pirebis pasuxismgeblobas, imisaTvis, rom uzrunvelyofili
iqnas, saTanado mimarTuleba da xelmZRvaneloba winamdebare konvenciaSi aRiarebuli uflebebiT
sargeblobisas bavSvis SesaZleblobebis ganviTarebisaTvis.
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 2.1: saxelmwifo mxareebi pativs unda scemdnen da icavdnen
winamdebare konvenciaSi mocemul uflebebs TiToeuli bavSvisaTvis, maTi iurisdiqciis farglebSi,
yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe, bavSvis mSoblebis an meurveebis rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, enis,
religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli, eTnikuri Tu socialuri warmoSobis, qonebis,
Sromisuunarobis, dabadebis Tu sxva mdgomareobisagan damoukideblad.
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 6.2: saxelmwifo mxareebi unda uzrunvelyofdnen,
maqsimaluri SesaZleblobebis farglebSi, bavSvis gadarCenasa da ganviTarebas.
ara-diskriminaciis struqtura exeba yvela miTiTebas diskriminaciis Sesaxeb, romelic winamdebare
dokumentSia mocemuli.
sqesi – biologiuri maxasiaTeblebi, romlebic gansazRvraven adamianebis mamrobiTobasa da mdedrobiTobas. miuxedavad imisa, rom biologiuri maxasiaTeblebi urTierTgamomricxavi ar aris, radgan arseboben pirebi, romlebsac orive maxasiaTebeli aqvT, adamianebi erTmaneTisagan gansxvavdebian mamrobiTobisa da mdedrobiTobis mixedviT.
ix.: winamdebare deklaraciis principi 2. diskriminacia asakis niadagze analogiurad vrceldeba xanSiSesul adamianebzec.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 2.2: winamdebare xelSekrulebis saxelmwifo-mxareebi iReben valdebulebas, uzrunvelyon, rom masSi
Camoyalibebuli uflebebi gamoyenebuli iqneba, rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, enis, religiis, politikuri
Tu sxva Sexedulebebis, erovnuli Tu socialuri warmoSobis, qonebis, dabadebis Tu sxva mdgomareobis
niadagze yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe.
genderi exeba socialur, kulturul da ekonomikur atributebsa da SesaZleblobebs, romlebic
dakavSirebulia mamrobiTobasa Tu mdedrobiTobasTan drois garkveul monakveTSi.
genderuli individualoba – ama Tu im piris mdedrobiTobis Tu mamrobiTobis, mamrobiTi Tu mdedrobiTi sqesis Sida grZnoba.
seqsualuri orientacia niSnavs upirates sqesobriv mimzidvelobas igive, sapirispiro an orive sqesis mimarT.
ara-diskriminaciasTan dakavSirebuli saerTaSoriso kanonebis interpretaciebis magaliTebi yvela
sferoSi rogorc gamiznuli, ise “realuri” diskriminaciuli qmedebebis TvalsazrisiT. aseve diskriminaciis magaliTebi rasasTan, sqesTan da genderTan dakavSirebuli aspeqtebis konteqstSi, ixileT adamianis uflebebis komitetis zogadi komentari #18: ara-diskriminacia, gaeros dokumenti HRI/GEN/1/
Rev.6 at 146, 2003.
aseve, ixileT rasobrivi diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis aRmofxvris komitetis zogadi rekomendacia 25: rasobrivi diskriminaciis genderuli ganzomilebebi, gaeros dokumenti A/55/18, 2000.
CLADEM manifesti (meore versia, seqsualuri uflebebisa da reproduqciuli uflebebis konvenciis
kampania, 2006 wlis 25 oqtomberi), punqti 26.
www.convencion.org.uy
adreuli da gavleniani gadawyvetileba, romelic miRebuli iqna sasamarTlos mier sqesobrivi zianisagan dacvis specialuri saSualebebis Sesaxeb, ixileT: adamianis uflebebis evropuli sasamarTlo, X
AND Y v. niderlandebi, 1985 wlis 26 marti.
konvencia bavSvis uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 34: saxelmwifo-mxareebi iReben valdebulebas, daicvan
bavSvi sqesobrivi eqsploataciisa da Seuracxyofis yovelgvari formisagan. am miznebisaTvis, saxelmwifo-mxareebma unda miiRon yvela saTanado erovnuli, ormxrivi da sammxrivi zomebi imisaTvis, rom aRmofxvrili iqnas: (a) bavSvis biZgeba an iZuleba, CaerTos ama Tu im ukanono sqesobriv aqtivobaSi; (b) bavSvebis eqsploatatoruli gamoyeneba prostituciaSi an sxva ukanono sqesobriv praqtikaSi; (g) bavSvebis
eqsploatatoruli gamoyeneba pornografiul warmodgenebsa da masalebSi.
adamianis uflebebis msoflio deklaracia, muxli 29: (1) yovel adamians aqvs movaleobebi im sazogadoebis winaSe, romelSic SesaZlebelia misi pirovnebis Tavisufali da sruli ganviTareba. (2) uflebebiTa da TavisuflebebiT sargeblobisas, yoveli adamiani unda daeqvemdebaros mxolod kanoniT dadgenil
SezRudvebs, sxvaTa uflebebisa da Tavisuflebebis saTanado aRiarebis, demokratiul sazogadoebaSi
moralurobis, sazogadoebrivi wesrigisa da pativiscemis gaTvaliswinebiT.. (3) es uflebebi da Tavisufleba araviTar SemTxvevaSi ar unda iqnas gamoyenebuli gaerTianebuli erebis miznebisa da principebis
sapirispirod. ix.: www.un.org/Overview/rights.html
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 12:1. winamdebare xelSekrulebis saxelmwifo-mxareebi aRiareben yoveli adamianis uflebas, isargeblos fizikuri da gonebrivi janmrTelobis dacvis SeZlebisdagvarad umaRlesi standartiT. 2. winamdebare xelSekrulebis saxelmwifo-mxareebis mier am uflebis srulad realizaciisaTvis saWiro zomebi
unda moicavdes iseT qmedebebs, romlebic aucilebelia: (1) mkvdradSobilebis SemTxvevebisa da bavSvTaA
sikvdilianobis Semcirebisa da bavSvis jansaRi ganviTarebis uzrunvelyofisaTvis; (2) ekologiuri da
industriuli higienis yvela aspeqtis gaumjobesebisTvis; (3) epidemiuri, endemiuri, profesiuli da sxva
daavadebebis prevenciis, mkurnalobisa da kontrolisTvis; (4) iseTi pirobebis SeqmnisaTvis, romlebic
uzrunvelyofen yovelgvari samedicino momsaxurebisa da movlis xelmisawvdomobas avadmyofobis dros.
ixileT, aseve, ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis dacvis komitetis zogadi komentari
14: jandacvis maqsimalurad SesaZlebeli standartis xelmisawvdomobis ufleba, gaeros dokumenti
E/C.12/2000/4 11 agvisto 2000, punqti: 28-29.
samuSaoa Casatarebeli imisaTvis, rom cvlilebebi iqnas Setanili kanoniT dadgenil iseT SezRudvebSi,
romlebic ar Seesabameba am principSi asaxul legitimur miznebs.
ixileT: CLADEM manifesti (me-2 versia, seqsualuri da reproduqciuli uflebebis konvenciis moZraoba, 2006 wlis oqtomberi), punqti: 33. www.convencion.org.uy
adamianis uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma ganviTarebis TanamSromlobis mimarT: gaeros saagentoebs
Soris saerTo azris miRwevisaken. ixileT: www.undp.org/governance/docs/HR_Guides_CommonUnderstanding.pdf
“pativiscemis, dacvisa da aRsrulebis” koncefcia miRebuli iqna ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komitetis mier - organo, romelic akontrolebs saerTaSoriso SeTanxmebas ekono-
30
mikur, socialur da kulturul uflebebze, saxelmwifo-mxareebis im saxelSekrulebo valdebulebebis
analizis saxiT, romlebic dakavSirebulia, sxva uflebebTan erTad, jandacvis uflebasTan. ekonomikuri,
socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komiteti (CESCR) zogadi komentari # 14, punqti 34-37.
ixileT: CESCR, zogadi komentari # 14, punqti 39.
adamianis uflebebis msoflio deklaracia, 1948, muxli 1: yvela adamiani ibadeba Tavisufali da Tanaswori Rirsebisa da uflebebis TvalsazrisiT.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 2(1): winamdebare xelSekrulebis monawile TiToeuli saxelmwifo-mxare iRebs valdebulebas, pativi sces da uzrunvelyos masSi aRiarebuli uflebebi mis teritoriaze arsebuli da mis iurisdiqcias daqvemdebarebuli
TiToeuli adamianisaTvis, rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, enis, religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebis,
erovnuli Tu socialuri warmoSobis, qonebis, dabadebis Tu sxva mdgomareobis gamo yovelgvari saxis
diskriminaciis gareSe.
muxli 3: winamdebare xelSekrulebis TiToeuli saxelmwifo-mxare iRebs valdebulebas, uzrunvelyos
mamakacebisa da qalebis Tanabari ufleba, isargeblon xelSekrulebaSi miTiTebuli samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebiT.
muxli 26: yvela adamiani Tanasworia kanonis winaSe da yvelas aqvs ufleba, yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe, Tanasworad iqnas daculi kanoniT. am TvalsazrisiT, kanoni unda krZalavdes yovelgvar diskriminacias da yvela adamianisaTvis unda uzrunvelyofdes Tanaswor da efeqtur dacvas diskriminaciis yovelgvari formisagan, rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, enis, religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebis,
erovnuli Tu socialuri warmoSobis, qonebis, dabadebis an sxva mdgomareobis niadagze. adamianis uflebebis komitetma, es debulebebi, maTi interpretaciis Semdeg, sqesobriv diskriminacias miusadaga. ix.:
HRC zogadi komentari 18: ara-diskriminacia, gaeros dokumenti HRI/GEN/1/Rev.6 at 146, 2003.
konvencia qalebis winaaRmdeg diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb, 1979, muxli 1: winamdebare konvenciis miznebisaTvis, termini “diskriminacia qalebis winaaRmdeg” gamoiyeneba,
rogorc sqesis gamo gamorCevis, gamoyofis an SezRudvis aRmniSvneli termini, romlis mizania qalebisaTvis adamianis uflebebiTa da fundamenturi TavisuflebiT sargeblobis, maTi gamoyenebisa da aRiarebis Seferxeba an gauqmeba politikur, ekonomikur, socialur, kulturul, samoqalaqo Tu sxva sferoSi,
miuxedavad maTi ojaxuri mdgomareobisa. ixileT: rasobrivi diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis aRmofxvris komitetis zogadi rekomendacia 25, gaeros dokumenti A/55/18, 2000. aseve, ixileT: gaerTianebuli erebis ekonomikuri da socialuri komitetis damatebiTi dokumenti rasizmis winaaRmdeg msoflio
konferenciisaTvis (1999) E/CN.4/1999/WG.1/BP.7, romelic ganixilavs kavSirs rasobriv diskriminaciasa da
seqsualuri orientaciis niadagze diskriminacias Soris.
bavSvis uflebebis konvencia, 1989, muxli 2 (1): saxelmwifo-mxareebma, maTi iurisdiqciis farglebSi, unda uzrunvelyos TiToeuli bavSvis dacva diskriminaciis yovelgvari formisagan bavSvis, misi
mSoblebis Tu meurveebis rasis, kanis feris, sqesis, enis, religiis, politikuri Tu sxva Sexedulebebis
gamo. aseve erovnuli, eTnikuri Tu socialuri warmoSobis, qonebis, Sromisuunarobis, dabadebis Tu sxva
mdgomareobis gamo.. (2) saxelmwifo-mxareebma unda miiRon yovelgvari Sesabamisi zoma imis uzrunvelsayofad, rom bavSvi daculi iyos diskriminaciis Tu dasjis yovelgvari formisagan bavSvis mSoblebis,
meurveebis Tu ojaxis wevrebis statusis, saqmianobis, Sexedulebebis Tu rwmenebis gamo.
Sromisuunaro pirTa uflebebis konvencia, muxli 1, 2, 3 da 4; aseve, diskriminaciis konkretuli
akrZalva me-5 muxlSi: Tanasworoba da ara-diskriminacia:
1. saxelmwifo-mxareebi aRiareben, rom yvela adamiani Tanasworia kanonis winaSe yovelgvari diskriminaciis gareSe, yvela adamians aqvs ufleba, Tanabrad iyos daculi kanoniT da Tanabrad isargeblos kanoniT gaTvaliswinebuli SeRavaTebiT.
2. saxelmwifo-mxareebma unda akrZalon yovelgvari diskriminacia Sromisuunarobis niadagze da
Sromisuunaro adamianebi unda uzrunvelyon Tanaswori da efeqturi samarTlebrivi dacviT diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis winaaRmdeg. ixileT, aseve: Sromisuunaro adamianebis uflebebis konvenciis
me-2 muxli, romelSic “diskriminacia Sromisuunarobis niadagze” gansazRvrulia, rogorc gamoyofa,
gamorCeva Tu SezRudva Sromisuunarobis gamo. amis mizani an Sedegia politikur, ekonomikur, socialur,
kulturul, samoqalaqo Tu sxva sferoSi, Tanasworobis principiT, adamianis uflebebiTa da fundamenturi TavisuflebebiT sargeblobis, maTi gamoyenebis da aRiarebis Seferxeba an gauqmeba. es moicavs diskriminaciis yvela formas, maT Soris, misaRebi pirobebis mqone sacxovrebliT uzrunvelyofis aucileblobis ugulebelyofas. seqsualobisa da, konkretulad, seqsualuri orientaciis niadagze diskriminaciis prevenciis specialuri wyaroebi ixileT: adamianis uflebebis komitetis gadawyvetileba, romelic miRebuli iqna rigiT ormocdameaTe sxdomaze, Toonen v. Australia, Setyobineba # 488/1992, gaeros dokumenti CCPR/C/50/D/488/1992 (1994); http://hrw.org/lgbt/pdf/toonen.pdf da adamianis uflebebis komitetis momdevno
Setyobinebebsa da daskvniT SeniSvnebSi, romlebic gaegzavna saxelmwifoebs. aseve, I., Saiz (2004) Bracketing
Sexuality: adamianis uflebebi da seqsualuri orientacia – ganviTarebis erTi aTwleuli, gaero. 7 (2) janmrTeloba da adamianis uflebebi, kvartaluri gamocema, pp. 49-80. im qalebisaTvis, romlebic Tanasworo-
bis uflebas moklebulni arian maTi seqsualobis Sesaxeb gavrcelebuli Sexedulebis gamo, ixileT adamianis uflebebis komitetis zogadi komentari # 28, ICCPR me-3 muxlis interpretaciasTan dakavSirebiT:
uflebaTa Tanasworoba mamakacebsa da qalebs Soris (2000), gaeros dokumenti CCPR/C/21/Rev.1/Add.10.
gaeros (2003) saerTo SeTanxmebis gancxadeba: adamianis uflebebze dafuZnebuli midgoma ganviTarebis TanamSromlobis mimarT – gaeros saagentoebs Soris saerTo SeTanxmebis miRwevisaken. gaeros saagentoTaSoriso seminari, 2003 wlis maisi. ixileT: qalebis winaaRmdeg diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis
aRmofxvris konvencia, muxli 7: saxelmwifo-mxareebma unda miiRon saWiro zomebi imisaTvis, rom aRmoifxvras diskriminacia qalebis winaaRmdeg, qveynis politikur da sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi. kerZod,
unda uzrunvelyon qalebi, mamakacebTan Tanasworobis safuZvelze, Semdegi uflebebiT:
a. xmis micemis ufleba nebismier arCevnebsa da sazogadoebriv referendumebSi da sajarod arCeuli
organoebis arCevnebSi monawileobis miRebis ufleba;
b. monawileobis miReba samTavrobo politikis formulirebasa da mis ganxorcielebaSi, saxelmwifo
Tanamdebobis dakaveba da Sesabamisi funqciebis Sesruleba mTavrobis yvela doneze;
g. monawileoba arasamTavrobo organizaciebsa da asociaciebSi, romlebic dainteresebulni arian
qveynis sazogadoebrivi da politikuri cxovrebiT. yovelive es, aseve, gamoiTqva CEDAW komitetis zogad
rekomendaciaSi #23 politikuri da sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis Sesaxeb, mis me-16 sxdomaze, romelic 1997
wels Catarda. aseve, ixileT: iogiakartas 25-e principi (Yogyakarta Principle 25): sazogadoebriv cxovrebaSi
monawileobis ufleba – iogiakartas principebi: adamianis uflebebis saerTaSoriso kanonis gamoyeneba
seqsualuri orientaciis da genderuli individualobis sferoSi.
saerTaSoriso rekomendaciebi aiv-SidsTan da adamianis uflebebTan dakavSirebiT (2006 konsolidirebuli versia). adamianis uflebebisa da UNAIDS-is umaRlesi komisris ofisi da: www.ohchr.org/english/
issues/hiv/guidelines.htm
ix.: bavSvis uflebebis konvenciis komitetis zogadi komentari 4 “mozardebis janmrTeloba da ganviTareba bavSvis uflebebis konvenciis konteqstSi (2003) punqti 8: pativiscema bavSvis Sexedulebebisadmi: Sexedulebebis gamoxatvis Tavisufleba da maTi gaTvaliswineba (muxli 12), aseve, fundamenturia
mozardTa janmrTelobis dacvisa da ganviTarebis uflebis realizacia. saxelmwifo-mxareebma unda
uzrunvelyon, rom mozardebs mieceT sakuTari azrebis Tavisuflad gamoxatvis SesaZlebloba yvela im
sakiTxze, romelic uaryofiT zegavlenas axdens maTze, gansakuTrebiT ojaxSi, skolaSi da maT garemomcvel sazogadoebaSi. imisaTvis, rom mozardebma usafrTxod da jerovnad SesZlon am uflebiT sargebloba, saxelmwifo organoebma, mSoblebma da sxva mozrdilebma, romlebic muSaoben bavSvebTan, unda Seqmnan ndobis, informaciis gaziarebis, mosmenis unarisa da xelmZRvanelobis xelsayreli garemo, romelic xels Seuwyobs mozardebis Tanaswor monawileobas gadawyvetilebebis miRebis procesebSi. ixileT,
sqesobrivi diskriminaciisa da cvalebadobis konteqstSi, adamianis uflebebis komitetis zogadi
komentari #28, mamakacebsa da qalebs Soris uflebebis Tanasworobis Sesaxeb. ixileT, aseve, iogiakartas principi 22 (Yogyakarta Principle 22) gadaadgilebis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb, aseve, saerTaSoriso
rekomendaciebi aiv-Sidsisa da adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb, 2006.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, 1996, muxli 9.1: yovel
adamians aqvs Tavisuflebisa da usafrTxoebis ufleba. aravin ar unda daeqvemdebaros TviTnebur dapatimrebas an dakavebas. aravis ar unda CamoarTvan Tavisufleba, garda im mizezebisa da procedurebis
Sesabamisad, romlebic kanoniT aris dadgenili.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, 1966, muxli 7: “aravin
ar unda daeqvemdebaros wamebas an sastik, arahumanur, Rirsebis Semlaxav mopyrobas da dasjas. kerZod,
aravin ar unda daeqvemdebaros, Tavisufali nebis gareSe, samedicino an samecniero eqsperimentebs”.
wamebis winaaRmdeg Seqmnilma komitetma (Committee Against Torture) amgvari dacvis saSualebebi, aSS cixeebSi
myofi qalebis winaaRmdeg sqesobrivi Zaladobis sakiTxebs miusadaga. amasTanave, komitetis saqmianoba
efeqturia wamebisa da sastiki arahumanuri da Semlaxavi mopyrobis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi. gaeros (2000)
wamebis winaaRmdeg komitetis daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi: amerikis SeerTebuli Statebi. dokumenti A/55/44, punqti: 175-180. aseve, komitetma, wamebisa da sastiki, arahumanuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis winaaRmdeg dacvis saSualebebi daawesa, kerZod, gaSiSvlebisa da Cxrekis uflebis borotad gamoyenebisa da sxva meTodebisTvis, romlebic mimarTulia homoseqsualuri an sqesTan Seusabamo pirebisaken.
wamebis winaaRmdeg komitetis specialurma momxsenebelma analogiurad gamoxata seriozuli wuxili seqsualuri Tavdasxmisa da wamebis, sastiki, arahumanuri da Rirsebis Semlaxavi mopyrobis meTodebis gamoyenebis Sesaxeb, romlebic mimarTulia sqesobrivi Tu genderuli individualobis mqone pirebisaken. ixileT: saerTaSoriso sasamarTlo organos saxelmZRvanelo, gv. 106-122. gaeros dokumenti EICN.4/2002/76.
sxeulis integrirebulobis ufleba sul ufro da ufro aqtiurad gamoiyeneba im garantiebis mopovebisTvis, romlebic aucilebelia imisaTvis, rom adamianebi, gansakuTrebiT ki qalebi, daculni iqnan Zaladobisa da sxva saxis Seuracxyofisagan, rasac Sedegad mohyveba janmrTelobis gauareseba da damoukideblobisa da Tavisuflebis SezRudva. ixileT: gaeros meoTxe msoflio konferebcia qalebis samoqmedo platformis Sesaxeb (FWCW), pekini, CineTi: 4 – 15 seqtemberi, 1995 weli, punqti 112. aseve, ixileT:
gaeros generaluri mdivnis mier Catarebuli Rrma kvleva, romelic exeba qalebis winaaRmdeg Zaladobis
32
yvela formas, sxeulis integrirebulobis uflebebis gaTvaliswinebiT. gaeros dokumenti A162/122/Add.,
punqti 277.
gaeros generaluri asambleis rezolucia A/Res/S-23/3, punqti 69, pekinis deklaraciisa da samoqmedo
platformis ganxorcielebis xuTwliani mimoxilvis Sedegebis Sesaxeb: www.un.org/womenwatch/daw/followup/
ress233e.pdf
ixileT generaluri mdivnis specialuri warmomadgenlis moxseneba adamianis uflebebis damcvelTa mdgomareobis Sesaxeb, E/ CN.4/2006/95/Add.1, 22 marti, 2006; qalebis winaaRmdeg Zaladobis, misi
mizezebisa da Sedegebis Sesaxeb specialuri momxsenebeli; E/CN.4/2005/72/Add. 3, 10 Tebervali, 2005, punqti
21; adamianis uflebebis komiteti, daskvniTi SeniSvnebi: Cile, CCPR/C/79/ Add.104, 30 marti, 1999, punqti
20; arasasamarTlo sadamsjelo qmedebebis Sesaxeb specialuri momxseneblis angariSi, E/CN.4/2002/74, 9
ianvari, 2002; arasasamarTlo, arasamarTlebrivi an TviTneburi sadamsjelo qmedebebis Sesaxeb specialuri momxseneblis angariSi, E/CN.4/2001/9, 11 ianvari, 2001 da E/CN.4/2001/9/Add.1, 17 ianvari, 2001, punqti
175. ixileT, aseve, iuristebis saerTaSoriso komisia, sqesobrivi orientacia da genderuli individualoba adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb kanonSi, iurisprudenciisa da gaeros adamianis uflebebis sistemis doqtrinis referenciebi, 2007 wlis oqtomberi, Semdeg veb-saitze: www.icj.org/news.php3?id_
article=4209&lang=en
es sakiTxi naTlad aris asaxuli saerTaSoriso kanonSi adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb, magaliTisaTvis ixileT: qalebis statusis komisiis rezolucia 51/2 qalis sasqeso organoebis dazianebis Sewyvetis
Sesaxeb, rezolucia 51/3 mdedrobiTi sqesis bavSvTa iZulebiTi qorwinebis Sesaxeb gaeros dokumenti
E/2007/27-E/CN.6/2007/9; qalebis winaaRmdeg Zaladobis Sesaxeb specialuri momxseneblis angariSi: kulturuli wesebi qalebis mimarT moZalade ojaxebSi, E/CN.4/2002/83 31 ianvari, 2002.
saerTaSoriso rekomendaciebi aiv-Sidsisa da adamianis uflebebis Sesaxeb, 2006 wlis konsolidirebuli versia, gaeros adamianis uflebebis umaRlesi komisris ofisi da UNAIDS: http://www.ohchr.org/english/
issues/hiv/guidelines.htm
aseve, evropaSi seqs-muSakebis manifesti da evropaSi seqs-muSakebis uflebebis deklaracia: http://
www.sexworkeurope.org/site/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=24&Itemid=201
ixileT saerTaSoriso rekomendaciebi aiv-Sidsisa da adamianis uflebebis Seaxeb (2006) konsolidirebuli versia, adamianis uflebebis umaRlesi komisris ofisi da UNAIDS: www.ohchr.org/english/issues/hiv/
guidelines.htm
ixileT, aseve, iogiakartas principi 7 (Yogyakarta Principle 7).
ixileT iogiakartas principi 5 (Yogyakarta Principle 5).
adamianis uflebebis komisiis rezolucia 1998/52, qalebis winaaRmdeg Zaladobis aRmofxvra, ESCOR Supp. (No. 3) 171, gaeros dokumenti E/CN.4/1998/52 (1998); qalebis winaaRmdeg Zaladobis, misi mizezebisa
da Sedegebis Sesaxeb specialuri momxseneblis angariSi, qalbatoni radhika kumarasuomi (Ms. Radhika
Coomaraswamy), wardgenili adamianis uflebebis komisiis 1997/44 rezoluciis Sesabamisad, gaeros dokumenti E/CN.4/1998/54.
genderul niadagze devnis Sesaxeb SeniSvnebi cisferebTan da sqesTan Seusabamo pirebTan (transgenderebi, transseqsualebi) da TavSesafriT uzrunvelyofasTan dakavSirebiT, ixileT: arasasamarTlo sadamsjelo qmedebebis Sesaxeb specialuri momxseneblis angariSi, E/CN.4/2002/74, 9 ianvari, 2002;
arasasamarTlo, arasamarTlebrivi an TviTneburi sadamsjelo qmedebebis Sesaxeb specialuri momxseneblis angariSi, E/CN.4/2001/9, 11 ianvari, 2001 da E/ CN.4/2001/9/Add.1, 17 ianvari, 2001, punqti 175. aseve, ixileT iuristebis saerTaSoriso komisia: sqesobrivi orientacia da genderuli individualoba adamianis
uflebebis Sesaxeb kanonSi, gaeros adamianis uflebebis sistemis iurisprudenciisa da doqtrinis referenciebi, 2007 wlis oqtomberi, gv. 177-180, Semdeg veb-saitze: www.icj.org/news.php3?id_article=4209&lang=en
gaeros ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisris (1995) rekomendaciebi ltolvilTa winaaRmdeg seqsualuri
Zaladobis prevenciasa da masze reagirebasTan dakavSirebiT: www.unhcr.org/publ/PUBL/3b9cc26c4.pdf
ixileT, aseve, iogiakartas principi 23 (Yogyakarta Principle 23).
ixileT, aseve: gaeros ltolvilTa umaRlesi komisari (2003): ltolvilTa, samSobloSi dabrunebulTa da qveyanaSi iZulebiT gadaadgilebulTa winaaRmdeg seqsualuri da genderuli Zaladoba:
prevenciisa da reagirebis rekomendaciebi da iogiakartas principi 23.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba samoqalaqo da politikuri uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli 17: aravin ar
unda daeqvemdebaros TviTnebur an arakanonier Carevas mis pirad cxovrebaSi, ojaxSi, saxlSi an korespondenciaSi da arc arakanonier Tavdasxmas mis Rirsebasa da reputaciaze.
ixileT: jandacvis msoflio organizaciis (2004) aiv statusis gamJRavneba seqsualuri partniorebisaTvis: Sefasebebi, barierebi da Sedegebi qalebisaTvis. Jeneva: jandacvis msoflio organizacia WHO.
www.who.int/gender/documents/en/VCTinformationsheet_%5b92%20KB%5d.pdf
sruli angariSisaTvis ixileT: www.who.int/gender/documents/en/genderdimensions.pdf
iogiakarta principi 9 (Yogyakarta Principle 9).
Ibid.
gaeros protokoli adamianTa, gansakuTrebiT qalebisa da bavSvebis trefikingis prevenciis, aRmofxvrisa da dasjis Sesaxeb, romelic Tan erTvis gaerTianebuli erebis konvencias transnacionaluri organizebuli danaSaulis winaaRmdeg, Semdeg veb-saitze: www.unodc.org/unodc/en/crime_cicp_convention.html#final
adamianis uflebebis msoflio deklaracia, 1948, muxli 19: yvelas aqvs azrisa da misi gamoxatvis Tavisufleba; es ufleba moicavs azris qonis uflebas yovelgvari Carevis gareSe da informaciisa da mosazrebebis moZiebis, miRebisa da gadacemis ufleba nebismieri mediiT, sazRvrebis miuxedavad.
adamianis uflebebis msoflio deklaracia, muxli 20: yvelas aqvs mSvidobiani Sekrebisa da asociaciis
Tavisuflebis ufleba. dauSvebelia iZulebiTi gaerTianeba ama Tu im asociaciaSi.
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli
12.1: winamdebare xelSekrulebis mxare-saxelmwifoebi aRiareben yoveli adamianis uflebas, isargeblos
fizikuri da gonebrivi janmrTelobis maqsimalurad SesaZlebeli umaRlesi standartiT.
ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis komitetis zogadi komentari 14: janmrTelobis maqsimalurad maRali standartis ufleba (socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis saerTaSoriso
xelSekrulebis muxli 12, 2000).
IPPF wesdeba sqesobrivi da reproduqciuli uflebebis Sesaxeb: www.ippf.org/en/Resources/Statements/IPP
F+Charter+on+Sexual+and+Reproductive+Rights.html
aseve, iogiakartas principi 21 (Yogyakarta Principle 21).
saerTaSoriso xelSekruleba ekonomikuri, socialuri da kulturuli uflebebis Sesaxeb, muxli
15.1(b): winamdebare xelSekrulebis mxare-saxelmwifoebi aRiareben yoveli adamianis uflebas, isargeblos (b) mecnieruli progresis miRwevebiT da maTi gamoyenebiT.
qalebis winaaRmdeg diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis aRmofxvris konvencia, muxli 10(T): mxaresaxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yvela saWiro zoma imisaTvis, rom aRmoifxvras diskriminacia qalebis winaaRmdeg, raTa maTTvis garantirebuli iqnas mamakacebTan Tanaswori uflebebi ganaTlebis sferoSi. gansakuTrebiT, (T) im specialuri saganmanaTleblo informaciis xelmisavwdomoba, romelic xels Seuwyobs
ojaxebis janmrTelobisa da keTildReobis gaumjobesebas, maT Soris igulisxmeba informacia ojaxis
dagegmvis Sesaxeb.
ixileT saerTaSoriso konferencia mosaxleobis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb, mTavari qmedebebi mosaxleobis ganviTarebis Sesaxeb saerTaSoriso konferenciis samoqmedo gegmis Semdgomi ganxorcielebisaTvis, gaeros dokumenti A/Res/S-21/2, punqti 73: yvela saxelmwifos mTavrobam, axalgazrdobis sruli
monawileobiT da saerTaSoriso Tanasazogadoebis mxardaWeriT, prioritetis saxiT, yovelgvari zoma
unda miiRos imisaTvis, rom ganxorcielebuli iqnas samoqmedo gegma 7.45 da 7.46 punqtebis Sesabamisad,
mozardTa sqesobrivi da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis TvalsazrisiT. gaTvaliswinebuli unda iyos
mSoblebis uflebebi, movaleobebi da pasuxismgebloba. daculi unda iyos mozardTa ganviTarebis SesaZleblobebisa da reproduqciuli janmrTelobis Sesaxeb ganaTlebisa da informaciisa miRebis ufleba. aseve
mniSvnelovania maTi kulturuli Rirebulebebisa da religiuri rwmenis pativiscema.… aucilebelia,rom
mozardma, rogorc skolaSi, ise mis gareT, miiRos saWiro informacia, prevenciis, ganaTlebis, konsultaciisa da jandacvis momsaxureobebis Sesaxeb, rac mas miscems pasuxismgebluri da informirebuli arCevanisa da gadawyvetilebis miRebis SesaZleblobas sqesobriv da reproduqciul janmrTelobasTan dakavSirebiT da imisaTvis, rom, inter alia, Semcirdes mozardTa orsulobis SemTxvevebis ricxvi. www.unfpa.org/
icpd/docs/icpd5/resolution/icpd5_eng.pdf
IPPF wesdeba seqsualuri da reproduqciuli uflebebis Sesaxeb, 8.1:
www.ippf.org/en/Resources/Statements/IPPF+Charter+on+Sexual+and+Reproductive+Rights.htm.
iogiakartas principi 24 (Yogyakarta Principle 24)
konvencia qalebis diskriminaciis yovelgvari formis aRmofxvris Sesaxeb, muxli 16(1)(e): mxaresaxelmwifoebma unda miiRon yovelgvari SesaZlo zomebi imisaTvis, rom aRmoifxvras qalTa diskriminacia yvela sakiTxSi, romelic dakavSirebulia qorwinebasa da ojaxur urTierTobebTan. qalebisa da
mamakacebis Tanasworobis safuZvelze uzrunvelyofili unda iqnas................ (e) Tanabari ufleba; Tavisuflad da sruli pasuxismgeblobiT miiRon gadawyvetileba Svilebis raodenobisa da maT Soris intervalebis Sesaxeb. yvelasaTvis xelmisawvdomi unda iyos im informaciis, ganaTlebisa da saSualebebis mopoveba, romelic maT am uflebebiT sargeblobis SesaZleblobas miscems.
iogiakartas principi 28 da principi 29 (Yogyakarta Principle 28 and 29).
34
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cnobili eqspertebisagan sqesobrivi da reproduqciuli
jandacvis sferoSi. deklaracias safuZvlad udevs adamianis
uflebebTan dakavSirebuli umTavresi saerTaSoriso
xelSekrulebebi da sxva dokumentebi. deklaracia avsebs
IPPF wesdebas seqsualuri da reproduqciuli uflebebis
Sesaxeb da miznad isaxavs seqsualuri uflebebis naTlad
identificirebas da seqsualobis inkluziuri xedvis
ganmtkicebas. deklaracia, rogorc Seufasebeli instrumenti,
muSaobaSi daexmareba yvela im organizacias, aqtivists,
mkvlevars, politikuri gadawyvetilebebis mimReb pirs,
romelic muSaobs adamianis uflebebis xelSewyobisa da
garantirebisaTvis. vmuSaobT ra SeTanxmebulad, Cven SegviZlia
iseTi samyaros Cveneuli xedvis realizeba, romelSic yoveli
adamianis uflebebi pativcemuli, daculi da win wamoweuli
iqneba.

seqsualuri uflebebi: IPPF deklaracia

Transcrição

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