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Chiroptera Neotropical 19(1): 1163-1178, July 2013
Updated compilation of bat species (Chiroptera) for the Brazilian state of
Sergipe, including new records
Edson Silva Barbosa Leal 1,2*, Severino Mendes de Azevêdo Júnior 2, Fátima Verônica Pereira Vila
Nova3, Deoclécio de Queiroz Guerra 4, Wallace Rodrigues Telino-Júnior 2,5
1
Associação Instituto de Tecnologia de Pernambuco – ITEP/OS, Unidade Gestora de Projetos Barragens
da Mata Sul (UGP Barragens), Laboratório de Ecologia e Biodiversidade (LEcoBio). Av. Prof. Luiz
Freire, 700 - Cidade Universitária, Bloco B, Sala 109. CEP: 50740-540. Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil.
2
Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ecologia, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Recife,
Pernambuco, Brasil.
3
Programa de Pós Graduação em Geografia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Centro de Filosofia e
Ciências Humanas, Departamento de Ciências Geográficas, Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil.
4
Departamento de Zoologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco,
Recife, Pernambuco, Brasil.
5
Unidade Acadêmica de Garanhuns, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Garanhuns,
Pernambuco, Brasil.
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
ARTICLE
Manuscript history:
Submmited in 16/Mar/2012
Accept in 04/Jan/2013
Available on line in 16/Jul/2013
Section editor: Ludmilla M.S.
Aguiar
Abstract
This article is a summary study of the existing knowledge related to
the occurrence and distribution of bat species in Sergipe,
Northeastern Brazil, and includes new records of Peropteryx
macrotis (Wagner, 1843) and the first record of Diphylla ecaudata
Spix, 1823 for this state. The specimens were captured in groundlevel through the use of mist-nets on the Fazenda Mundo Novo (9º
38’31” Lat S, 37º 47’ 18” Long W) under the municipality of
Canindé do São Francisco. The morphology of the specimens was
compared with previous descriptions of the respective species
available in the scientific literature. A total of 43 bat species
belonging to 31 genera and eight families (Phyllostomidae = 29
species; Emballonuridae = 3; Molossidae = 3; Noctilionidae = 2;
Vespertilionidae = 2; Mormoopidae = 2; Furipteridae = 1; Natalidae
= 1) are now known as occurring in Sergipe. Among them, 20
species are found in the Caatinga (10 endemic), and 32 in the
Atlantic Forest (20 endemics). The registered richness represents
24.4% of the bat fauna recorded in Brazil. Despite the relatively
small size of the Sergipe state (approximately 22,000 km²), much of
its area remains unsurveyed, and further studies are clearly necessary
in order to define the true diversity of its chiropteran fauna. In
particular, the subterranean ecosystems demand special attention due
to not only the paucity of data available for these environments, but
also the considerable anthropogenic pressures they suffer, facts that
may threaten the existence of these unique habitats and the bats that
depend on them.
Keywords: Atlantic Rainforest, Bats, Caatinga, Check List,
Distribution, Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil
!
Introduction
The order Chiroptera Blumenbach, 1779
includes all bats, the only mammals capable of
real flight skills, and currently includes more than
1,100 species belonging to nearly 200 genera in 18
families (Simmons 2005). Bats have a
cosmopolitan distribution, and are only absent
!
!
!
from polar latitudes and some isolated oceanic
islands (Kunz & Pierson 1994). The Order
Chiroptera is the second most diverse mammalian
order after Order Rodentia, making up one quarter
of the recognized mammalian species (as against
40% for rodents), and bats are also among the
most abundant mammals at most existing sites
(Wilson & Reeder 2005).
1163
Considering
the
morphological
and
paleontological
data,
chiropterans
have
traditionally been divided into two suborders,
Megachiroptera and Microchiroptera Dobson,
1875, which also reflects the predominant sensory
mechanism (vision in Megachiroptera and
echolocation in Microchiroptera). More recently,
however, molecular analyses have revealed that
the Microchiroptera is a paraphyletic group
(Peracchi et al. 2006; 2011). Based on this,
Peracchi et al. (2011) proposed a new
arrangement, dividing the order into two
suborders,
the
Yinpterochiroptera,
which
encompasses the families Pteropodidae (including
the largest bats, known as “flying foxes”),
Rhinolophidae, Hipposidaridae, Rhinopomatidae,
Craseonysteridae, and Megadermatidae, and the
Yangochiroptera, which includes all the remaining
families. All the bats are found in South America
are members of the latter suborder.
A total of 176 species, representing 24.9% of
the 701 mammalian known species that occur in
Brazil, are chiropterans (Paglia et al. 2012).
However, despite the known diversity of Brazilian
yangochiropterans, which includes 69 genera
distributed in nine families (Peracchi et al. 2011;
Moratelli et al. 2011; Castro et al. 2012; Nogueira
et al. 2012; Paglia et al. 2012), species richness
has tended to increase over time, through the
reevaluation of existing taxonomic arrangements,
which are poorly defined, on the role (Peracchi et
al. 2006).
Through a wide review of chiropterian
research in Brazil, Bernard et al. (2010) pointed
out that data of the occurrence and distribution of
Brazilian bats were highly heterogeneous and
fragmented, and minimally, well sampled regions
represent less than 10% of the country.
Furthermore, not a single record is available for
approximately 60% of the whole Brazilian area.
Given these substantial gaps, there is an urgent
need for surveys of the chiropteran fauna of
northern and central Brazil (Reis et al. 2006), and
in particular the northeastern region of the country
(Pacheco et al. 2008).
New records of bat species from poorly
sampled regions are essential for the definition of
geographical ranges, especially the dispersal
capacity of these animals (Reis et al. 2006). A
number of recent studies in the Northeastern
Brazil have provided new insights into the
distribution of the number of bat species (Sbragia
& Pêssoa 2008; Silva & Marinho-Filho 2010;
Silva et al. 2011).
The total diversity of the chiropteran fauna of
Brazil seems to be in a continuous growth, as well
as the presence of species in neighboring countries
that almost certainly also occur in Brazil (Bernard
et al. 2011), and the many new species that are
!
!
!
being described (Tavares et al. 2008; Pacheco et
al. 2010; Taddei & Limm 2010; Moratelli et al.
2011; Nogueira et al. 2012) or validated (Vivo et
al. 2011) based on the application of molecular
techniques, which have revealed a number of
complex cryptic species complexes in recent years
(Reis et al. 2006; Tejedor et al. 2005; Tejedor
2006; Moratelli et al. 2011).
The sampling lacunas observed in the case of
the chiropterans are a typical research fact of
Brazilian mammals in general (Costa et al. 2005),
and few localities have been surveyed adequately.
The vast majority of researchers that study bats are
located in southeastern Brazil, where there is a
general tendency to explore existing localities,
rather than new areas (Pacheco et al. 2008),
resulting in skewed and incomplete inventories for
all Brazilian biomes (Bernard et al. 2010).
The smallest Brazilian state, Sergipe, englobes
almost equal portions two biomes: Caatinga (49%)
and Atlantic Forest (51%) (IBGE 2011). As
reported in other regions, the full diversity and
distribution of the state’s chiropteran fauna has yet
to be evaluated adequately. Additionally to the
systematic analysis of zoogeographic patterns,
reliable data on species distributions are necessary
and essential for the development of effective
strategies of conservation and management (Costa
et al. 2005).
In Sergipe, bats have been studied in a dozen
different municipalities – Canindé do São
Francisco (Astúa & Guerra 2008; Leal et al. in
press), Poço Redondo (Rocha 2010; Rocha et al.
2011b), Riachuelo (Alencar et al. 1994; Rocha et
al. 2011a), Rosário do Catete (Alencar et al.
1994),
Brejo
Grande
(Miretzki
2005),
Cristianápolis (Hoffmann & Baker 2003), Santo
Amaro das Brotas (Feijó & Nunes 2010),
Itabaiana (Mikalauskas 2005; Mikalaukas et al.
2006a; 2006b; Gouveia et al. 2009; Rocha et al.
2011a), Propriá (Miretzki 2005), Capela
(Mikalaukas et al. 2011; Brito & Bocchiglieri
2012), as well as areas located between Aracajú
and São Cristóvão (Rocha et al. 2010) and Areia
Branca and Itabaiana (Mikalauskas 2005;
Mikalauskas et al. 2006a). While both Rocha et al.
(2010) and Mikalauskas et al. (2011) have
provided estimates of the chiropteran diversity of
Sergipe (27 and 30 species, respectively), neither
study provides a comprehensive list of species or
localities, nor an analysis of sampling effort in
relation to the two principal biomes found in the
state.
Considering these appointments, and the fact
that both the biomes present in Sergipe are
suffering widespread and ongoing degradation, the
collection of more reliable data on the
zoogeography and conservation status of the local
chiropteran fauna is increasingly important. The
1164
Caatinga is considered as one of the three major
natural regions of Brazil, along with the Pantanal
and the Amazon (Gregorin et al. 2008), one of
only 37 with such characteristics worldwide
(Conservation International 2003). Similarly, the
Atlantic Forest is considered as being one of the
planet’s 25 highly endangered biodiversity
hotspots, regions of high diversity, with at least
1500 endemic plant species, which have already
lost at least three-quarters of their original
vegetation cover (Myers et al. 2000).
The present study provides an update on the
diversity of bats found in the Brazilian state of
Sergipe, focusing on species richness at
municipality and biome levels. The study also
presents the first record of Diphylla ecaudata
Spix, 1823 for the state, and a new locality for
Peropteryx macrotis (Wagner, 1843). Specimens
of both species were captured in an area of
Caatinga.
Materials and Methods
Specimens of D. ecaudata (UAG/UFRPE
0002) and P. macrotis (UAG/UFRPE 0001), both
captured on the Fazenda Mundo Novo (9º38’31”
S, 37º47’18” W), were examined during a survey
of the mammalian fauna of the Xingó
hydroelectric power station in June, 2007 (during
the dry season). This site is located in the extreme
northern part of the Brazilian state of Sergipe, in
the municipality of Canindé do São Francisco,
within an area of shrubby hyperxerophilous
caatinga vegetation, which forms part of the
ecoregion known as the Southern Sertaneja
Depression (Velloso et al. 2002). The climate is
hot and semi-arid, corresponding to the Bsh type
on the Köppen classification system (Ab’Saber
1977), with temperatures ranging between 21ºC
and 27ºC, and a rainy season between October and
April (Velloso et al. 2002).
All the specimens reported here were collected
in mist-nests set at ground level, with a maximum
height of 3 m. Specimens were fixed in 10%
formalin and preserved in 70% ethanol. The
collection of zoological specimens was authorized
by SISBIO/ICMBio through special license no.
11597, and all the material was deposited in the
Zoological Collection of the Garanhuns campus of
the Federal Rural University of Pernambuco
(UFRPE). Morphometric measurements were
taken based on the criteria of Vizotto & Taddei
(1973), as follows: body mass (BM), head-body
length (BL), length of the tail (TL), length of the
ear (EL), length of the foot (FT), length of the
forearm (FA), length of the third metacarpus
(IIIMe), and the length of the first (P1), second
(P2), and third (P3) phalanges.
External measurements were taken using a pair
of calipers accurate to 0.001 mm, and body mass
!
!
!
was measured using a portable spring balance (1 g
scale). The distributions of the two species in
northeastern Brazil and the municipalities
surveyed in Sergipe were plotted on maps of the
respective regions. For this, the coordinates of the
localities were converted into decimals for
processing in the ArcGis program, version 9.3.
Results and Discussion
The available data on the chiropteran fauna of
Sergipe indicate that the original records of
Alencar et al. (1994) for the occurrence of the
common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus (E.
Geoffroy, 1810), are in the municipalities of
Riachuelo and Rosário do Catete (Table 1). After a
decade with no new records of bats, Mikalauskas
(2005) and Mikalauskas et al. (2006 a, b) reported
a total of 15 species for the Serra de Itabaiana
National Park (Table 1). At the entrance of Casa
de Pedra cave, also in Itabaiana, Gouveia et al.
(2009) recorded the opportunistic predation of the
mormoopid Pteronotus personatus (Wagner,
1843) and the natalid Natalus macrourus (Gervais,
1856) by two anuran species, Rhinella jimi
(Stevaux, 2002) (Anura: Bufonidae) and
Leptodactylus vastus Lutz, 1930 (Anura:
Leptodactylidae), based on the analysis of
stomach contents and direct observation. Feijó &
Nunes (2010) encountered specimens of Artibeus
planirostris (Spix, 1823) and Trachops cirrhosus
(Spix, 1823) in the collection of the Federal
University of Paraíba (UFPB), the first records of
the species from Sergipe.
Rocha et al. (2010) after a survey of bats
conducted on the campus of the Federal
University of Sergipe (UFS), which recorded a
total of 18 species, eight of which no previous
records for the Sergipe (Table 1), indicate that
there are a total of 27 species registered for this
state. However, this study that adds data obtained
by Alencar et al. (1994), Mikalauskas (2005) and
Feijó & Nunes (2010), did not include a number of
species registered in other previous studies, such
as Furipterus horrens (F. Cuvier, 1828),
Xeronycteris vieirai (Gregorin & Ditchfield 2005)
(Ástua & Guerra 2008), N. macrourus, P.
personatus, (Gouveia et al. 2009), P. macrotis,
Lophostoma
brasiliense
Peters,
1866,
Micronycteris
megalotis
(Gray,
1842),
Micronycteris sanborni Simmons, 1996, and
Lichonycteris obscura Thomas, 1895 (Rocha
2010). The addition of these taxa brings the total
bat fauna for Sergipe to 35 species.
More recently, Rocha et al. (2011a) presented
the first records of mormoopid bats for the
Brazilian Atlantic Forest, based on the observation
of sympatric populations of P. personatus,
registered previously by Gouveia et al. (2009), and
Pteronotus gymnonotus Natterer, 1843 in two
caves in Sergipe. One cave was Casa de Pedra
1165
(Brazilian Speleological catalog number SE01), in
the municipality of Itabaiana, which contained an
estimated population of 50,000 individuals of each
species. The other site was Urubu Cave (SE10) in
Riachuelo. Mikalauskas et al. (2011) and Rocha et
al. (2011b) subsequently reported the first record
of Rhogueessa hussoni Genoways & Baker, 1996
(Vespertilionidae) and Uroderma magnirostrum
Davis, 1968 (Phyllostomidae), respectively, for
the state and together with the data from Rocha et
al. (2011a), set the total number of chiropteran
taxa in Sergipe at 38 species, and not in 30 species
as indicated by Mikalaukas et al. (2011).
Peracchi et al. (2011) refer to the occurrence of
Cynomops greenhalli (Goodwin, 1958) in Sergipe,
but do not provide details on the locality or the
availability of specimens. During a survey of the
bat community of the Mata do Junco Wildlife
Refuge in the municipality of Capela, Brito &
Bocchiglieri (2012) recorded Trinycteris nicefori
(Sanborn, 1949) in Sergipe for the first time, and
rectified the identification of a specimen of the genus
Tonatia Gray, 1827 captured by Rocha et al. (2007) at
the same site, which was identified as Tonatia
saurophylla Koopmann & Williams, 1951. In
addition, the first record of Lonchorrhina aurita
Tomes, 1863 in Sergipe is provided by Leal et al. (in
press), based on a survey in Canindé do São Francisco.
Given these findings, the data available in Ástua
& Guerra (2008), Gouveia et al. (2009), Rocha
(2010), Peracchi et al. (2011), and Brito &
Bocchiglieri (2012), and the records of D.
ecaudata and P. macrotis from Fazenda Mundo
Novo in Canindé do São Francisco obtained in the
present study provide the basis for the rectification
of the most recent inventories published by Rocha
et al. (2010) and Mikalauskas et al. (2011), who
recorded a total of 27 and 30 species for Sergipe,
respectively. The present review elevates the total
number of bat species known to occur in the state
to 43 (Table 1), distributed in 31 genera and eight
families (Phyllostomidae = 29; Emballonuridae =
3; Molossidae = 3; Noctilionidae = 2;
Vespertilionidae = 2; Mormoopidae = 2;
Furipteridae = 1; Natalidae = 1) (Table 2). Of
these species, 20 occur in the Caatinga (10
endemic species) and 32 in the Atlantic Forest,
with 20 endemics (Table 1).
The specimen of D. ecaudata (collected on
13/X/2007) from Canindé do São Francisco
represents the first record of this species for
Sergipe (Figure 1), while that of P. macrotis
(16/X/2007) reconfirms the occurrence of this
species in the state (Figure 2). Neither of the
specimens presented signs of reproductive
activity, and the epiphyses of the metacarpals and
digital phalanges of the wings were ossified. Both
specimens were captured after 18:00 h at Fazenda
Mundo Novo.
!
!
!
Diphylla Spix, 1823 is a monotypic genus of
hematophagous bat that belongs to the family
Phyllostomidae, subfamily Desmodontinae. The
type locality is the São Francisco River in Bahia
(Simmons, 2005), but the species can be found
throughout Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Bolivia,
Peru, and Venezuela, as well as Central America,
ranging as far north as southern Texas. Two
subspecies are recognized (Jones & Carter 1976),
with the nominal form, D. e. ecaudata, being
distributed throughout South America and as far
north as eastern Panama, and the second
subspecies, D. e. centralis, being found between
western Panama and Texas. However, Koopmann
(1994) does not recognize subspecies. In Brazil,
D. ecaudata has been recorded in all the southern
and southeastern states, as well as the Federal
District, Amapá, Amazonas, Acre, Pará, and
Rondônia in the north, and Bahia, Pernambuco,
Alagoas, Piauí, and Paraíba, in the northeast
(Oliveira et al. 2003; Peracchi et al. 2006; Reis et
al. 2007; Silva & Nascimento 2008; Tavares et al.
2008; Astúa & Guerra 2008; Bernard & Sampaio
2008).
Diphylla is the smallest of the hematophagous
bats, but is also the most specialized, feeding
exclusively on the blood of birds, which are
attacked in the region of the tarsus, feet, and
cloaca (Greenhall et al 1984). In Brazil, this genus
is the second most common desmodontine
captured in field studies (Peracchi et al. 2006).
The D. ecaudata specimen captured in this
study (♂ UAG/UFRPE 0002, body mass: 28.0g,
BL: 64.14 mm, EL: 16.12 mm, FA: 51.17 mm,
FT: 14.53mm, IIIMe: 47.57 mm, P1: 10.20 mm,
P2: 24.33 mm, P3: 17.97 mm) presented the
diagnostic characteristics of the species reported
by Greenhall et al. (1984), Fazzolari-Côrrea
(1995), and Reis et al. (2007), including large
eyes, and small, rounded and forward-facing ears.
Rudimentary nasal leaf, with a small, rounded
horseshoe over the nostrils. Thumb short with no
pads. Forearm, legs, and poorly developed
interfemural membrane covered in dense pelage.
No tail and short heel with warty outgrowth.
In addition to P. macrotis, four other
Peropteryx species are known to occur in Brazil –
Peropteryx kappleri Peters, 1867, P. leucoptera
Peters, 1867, P. trinitatis Miller, 1899, and the
recently-described P. pallidoptera Lim, Engstron,
Reid, Simmons, Voss & Fleck, 2010 (Reis et al.
2007; Castro et al. 2012). While its type locality is
Mato Grosso (Brazil), P. macrotis ranges from
southern Mexico, including the Yucatan
Peninsula, through Central America to northern
South America (Yee 2000), where it is found in
Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Trinidad and
Tobago, Suriname, French Guiana, Peru, Bolivia,
Paraguay, and Brazil (Jones & Hood 1993;
1166
Simmons 2005; Gardner 2008). In Brazil, the
species has been recorded in all the eastern states,
as well as the Federal District, Amapá, Pará, and
Amazonas, in the north, Paraná, in the south, and
Goiás and Mato Grosso in the central-western
region (Oliveira et al. 2003; Peracchi et al. 2006;
Reis et al. 2007; Silva & Nascimento 2008;
Tavares et al. 2008; Astúa & Guerra 2008;
Bernard & Sampaio 2008). The species occur in
all Brazilian biomes (Marinho-Filho & Sazima
1998), and is common in the Caatinga.
The P. macrotis specimen captured at Fazenda
Mundo Novo in Canindé do São Francisco (♀
UAG/UFRPE 0001, body mass: 4.0g, BL: 40.52
mm, TL: 12.05 mm, EL: 13.75 mm, FA: 43.13
mm, FT: 7.56 mm, IIIMe: 32.17 mm, P1: 10.59
mm, P2: 16.51 mm) presented the diagnostic
characteristics reported by Vizotto & Taddei
(1973), Jones & Hood (1993), and Gardner
(2007), such as black wings connected to the tibia,
separated ears with rounded extremities not
connected by an interauricular band, forearm
length of 43.5–48.2 mm in the females, no dorsal
lines, sparse pelage, dark brown on the dorsal
surface and lighter in color ventrally. Small wing
sac located close to the lower edge of the
antebrachial membrane, which opens distally. The
specimen captured during the present study
differed from P. trinitatis, a similar species, with
which P. macrotis may be confused in the field,
by the lateral and occlusal aspects of the
morphology of the first upper premolar, which is
relatively large and has a distinct posterior cusp, in
contrast with the small premolar lacking welldefined cusps in P. trinitatis (Simmos & Voss,
1998).
Mikalauskas (2005), Miretzki (2005), Feijó &
Nunes (2010), Mikalauskas et al. (2006b, 2011),
Rocha (2010), Rocha et al. (2010, 2011a, b), and
Brito & Bocchigliere (2012) refer to a small
number of collections in which specimens from
Sergipe have been deposited, emphasizing the
overall lack of data on the chiropteran fauna of the
state in general, and certain species, in particular.
In the specific case of the specimens of the genus
Myotis (Vespertilionidae) collected in Sergipe, it
is important to note that the populations from the
Brazilian Northeast were recently assigned to a
new species – Myotis lavali Moratelli et al. 2011 –
which would mean that Myotis nigricans (Schimz,
1821) does not occur in the state. This question
obviously requires evaluation.
The registered richness represents 24.4% of the
bat fauna recorded in the Brazil (Castro et al.
2012; Nogueira et al. 2012; Paglia et al. 2012).
Despite the relatively small size of the state of
Sergipe (approximately 22,000 km²), much of its
area remains unsurveyed (Figure 3), and further
studies are clearly needed in order to define the
!
!
!
true diversity of its chiropteran fauna. In
particular, the subterranean ecosystems demand
special attention, given not only the paucity of
data available for these environments, but also the
considerable anthropogenic pressures they suffer,
which threaten the existence of these unique
habitats and the bats that depend on them (Dantas
et al. 2008).
Acknowledgments
We are grateful to Mr. Mario F. da Silva,
taxidermist of the UFPE Zoology Department, for
his valuable assistance in the field. We would also
like to thank the Remote Sensing and
Geoprocessing Laboratory (SERGEO) and the
Biogeography and Environmental Study Group
(BIOMA) of the Geographic Sciences Department
at UFPE for producing the maps. The PostGraduate Program in Ecology at the Federal Rural
University of Pernambuco and Brazilian Higher
Education Funding Agency (CAPES) provided the
first author with a master scholarship.
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Figure 1. Distribution of the available records of the Hairy-legged Vampire Bat, Dyphylla ecaudata, in northeastern Brazil (● =
existing record; ■ = new record): (1) Furna Feia, Baraúna, Rio Grande do Norte (Ferreira et al. 2010); (2) Fazenda Bravo,Cabaceiras,
Paraíba (Feijó & Langguth 2011); (3) Onça Cave, Fazenda Santana, João Pessoa, Paraíba (Feijó & Langguth 2011); (4) Saltinho
Biological Reserve, Rio Formoso, Pernambuco (Guerra 2007); (5) Charles Darwin Ecological Refuge, Igarassú, Pernambuco (Guerra
2007); (6) Tapacurá Ecological Station, São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco (Guerra 2007); (7) Fazenda Matumbo, Pedra dos
Pontais, Toritama, Pernambuco (Astúa & Guerra 2008); (8) RPPN Maurício Dantas, Betânia/Floresta, Pernambuco (Cruz et al.
2005); (9) Fazenda Araras, Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco (Silva 2007); (10) RPPN Fazenda Bituri, Serra do Bituri, Brejo da
Madre de Deus, Pernambuco (Silva 2007); (11) Pedra do Caboclo, Barra do Farias, Brejo da Madre de Deus, Pernambuco (Astúa &
Guerra 2008); (12) Sítio Coendus, Serra da Balança, Belo Jardim, Pernambuco (Astúa & Guerra 2008); (13) Sítio da Gritadeira,
Serra da Farinha, Serrote da Gritadeira, Fazenda Maniçoba 13.7 Km SSW, and Serrote das Lajes, 17 Km south of Exú, Pernambuco
(Mares et al. 1981; Astúa & Guerra 2008); (14) Trapiche S/A Refinery, Sirinhaém/Rio Formoso, Pernambuco (Soares et al. 2011);
(15) Itapipoca, Ceará (Piccinini 1974); (16) Serra Grande S/A Refinery, São José da Lage/Ibateguara, Alagoas (Sá Neto 2003); (17)
Fumaça Cave, APA Maribuns Iraquara, Iraquara, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia (Sbragia & Cardoso 2008); (18) Cave, Serra das
Confusões, Serra das Confusões National Park, Guaribas, Piauí, (Gregorin et al. 2008); (19) Fazenda Mundo Novo, Canindé do São
Francisco, Sergipe (present study).
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Figure 2. Distribution of the available records of the Lesser Dog-like Bat, Peropteryx macrotis, in northeastern Brazil (● = existing
record; ■ = new record): (1) Carrapateira Cave, Felipe Guerra, Rio Grande do Norte (Ferreira et al. 2010); (2) Natal, Rio Grande do
Norte (Sanborn 1937; Jones & Hood 1993); (3) Fazenda Riachão do Progresso, Alagoa Grande, Paraíba (Beltrão et al. 2011); (4)
Fazenda Bravo, Cabaceiras, Paraíba (Miretzki, 2005; Feijó & Langguth 2011); (5) Boqueirão, Paraíba (Miretzki 2005); (6) Fazenda
Curral Picado, 4 km from Alagoinha, Paraíba (Miretzki, 2005; Feijó & Langguth 2011); (7) Pedra da Boca State Park, Araruna,
Paraíba (Miretzki, 2005; Feijó & Langguth 2011); (8) Roger neighborhood, João Pessoa, Paraíba (Miretzki 2005; Feijó & Langguth
2011); (9) Mata do Camocim, Tapacurá Ecological Station, São Lourenço da Mata, Pernambuco (Mares et al. 1981); (10) Mata de
São João, Paudalho, Pernambuco (Guerra 2007); (11) Caiongo and Compota sugar refineries, Cabo de Santo Agostinho, Ponte dos
Carvalhos, Pernambuco (Guerra 2007); (12) Sítio Claranã, Bodocó, Pernambuco (Astúa & Guerra 2008); (13) Apolônio Sales and
Icó-Mandantes Projects (CHESF), Petrolândia, Pernambuco (Astúa & Guerra 2008); (14) Fazenda Araras, Brejo da Madre de Deus,
Pernambuco (Silva 2007); (15) Exú Agricultural College, 0.7 Km south, Fazenda Batente, 5.5 Km SE, Gambá Sawmill, 19 Km
SSW, and Fazenda Pomonha, 21 Km SSW of Exú, Pernambuco (Mares et al. 1981); (16) Pedra Talhada Biological Reserve,
Quebrângulo/Lagoa do Ouro, Pernambuco/Alagoas (Souza et al. 2004); (17) Brejões Cave, Serra das Araras, João Dourado/Morro do
Chapéu, Chapada Diamantina, Bahia (Sbragia & Cardoso 2008); (18) Fazenda Lajedo, at Km 147 of the BA130 highway, Senhor do
Bonfim, Bahia (Mares et al. 1981); (19) flooded area of the Itaparica Dam, Glória, Bahia (Astúa & Guerra 2008); (20) Sobradinho
Reservoir, Sobradinho, Bahia (Astúa & Guerra 2008); (21) Rio Jequitinhonha, Belmonte, Bahia (Ávila-Pires 1965); (22) Crateús,
Ceará (Oliveira et al. 2003; 2004; Silva & Nascimento 2008); (23) Fazenda Santa Fé, Quixadá, Ceará (Astúa & Guerra, 2008); (24)
Serra de Maranguape, Maranguape, Ceará (Piccinini 1973); (25) Araticum Cave at the base of the Serra da Ibiapaba, Vila do
Araticum, Ubajara, Ceará (Uieda et al. 1980); (26) Banabuiú, Ceará (Rocha et al. 1999); (27) Serra da Capivara National Park, São
Raimundo Nonato, Piauí (Araújo et al. 1998); (28) Serra da Guia, Poço Redondo, Sergipe (Rocha 2010); (29) Fazenda Mundo Novo,
Canindé do São Francisco, Sergipe (present study).
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Figure 3. Distribution of the localities in the northeastern Brazilian state of Sergipe at which bats have been collected, based on the
studies of Alencar et al. (1994), Hoffmann & Baker (2003), Mikalauskas (2005), Miretzki (2005), Mikalauskas et al. (2006 a, b),
Astúa & Guerra (2008), Gouveia et al. (2009), Feijó & Nunes (2010), Rocha (2010), Rocha et al. (2010), Rocha et al. (2011a), Rocha
et al. (2011b) Mikalauskas et al. (2011), Brito & Bocchiglieri (2012), and Leal et al. (in press): 1. Riachuelo; 2. Rosário do Catete; 3.
São Cristóvão; 4. Aracajú/São Cristóvão; 5. Santo Amaro das Brotas; 6. Canindé do São Francisco (Astúa & Guerra 2009 and
present study); 7. Areia Branca/Itabaiana; 8. Itabaiana; 9. Capela; 10. Poço Redondo; 11. Propriá; 12. Brejo Grande, and 13.
Cristianápolis (the geographic coordinates of localities 1, 2, 11, 12, and 13 correspond to the main town in each municipality).
!
!
!
!
1174
Table 1. Chiropteran species recorded in the Brazilian state of Sergipe by locality and biome. The numbers in parentheses correspond to the localities plotted in Figure 3.
Taxon
Municipality
Locality
Biome
Coordinates
Reference
Family Emballonuridae Gervais, 1955
Peropterix macrotis (Wagner, 1843)*
Canindé do São Francisco (8)
Fazenda Mundo Novo Caatinga
9º 38’31” S, 37º 47’
New record
Poço Redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
18” W
Rocha (2010)
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rhynchonycteris naso (Wied-Neuwied, 1820)
Aracajú/São Cristovão (5)
UFS campus
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Rocha et al. (2010)
Saccopteryx leptura (Schreber, 1774)
Areia Branca/Itabaiana (9)
PN Serra de Itabaiana
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Mikalauskas (2005)
Family Phyllostomidae Gray, 1825
Subfamily Desmodontinae Bonaparte, 1845
Desmodus rotundus (E. Geoffroy, 1810)
Riachuelo (1)
Not recorded
Atlantic Forest
Main town
Alencar et al. (1994)
Rosário do Catete (3)
Not recorded
Atlantic Forest
Main town
Alencar et al. (1994)
Poço Redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rocha (2010)
Capela (11)
RVS Mata do Junco
Atlantic Forest
10º32’S, 37º03’W
Brito & Bocchiglieri (2012)
Diphylla ecaudata (Spix, 1823)*
9º 38’31” S, 37º 47’
First record
18” W
Subfamily Glossophaginae Bonaparte, 1845
Anoura geoffroyi (Gray, 1838)
UFS campus
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Rocha et al. (2010)
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Mikalauskas (2005)
Poço Redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rocha (2010)
Glossophaga soricina (Pallas, 1766)
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Mikalauskas (2005)
UFS campus
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Rocha et al. (2010)
Poço Redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rocha (2010)
Capela (11)
RVS Mata do Junco
Atlantic Forest
10º32’S, 37º03’W
Lichonycteris obscura Thomas, 1895
Poço redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rocha (2010)
Lonchophylla mordax (Thomas, 1903)
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Mikalauskas (2005);
Mikalauskas et al. (2006a)
9º 38’31” S, 37º 47’
Astúa & Guerra (2008)
Poço Redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
18” W
Rocha (2010)
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Xeronycteris vieirai (Gregorin & Duchfield,
9º 38’31” S, 37º 47’
2005)
18” W
Subfamily Phyllostominae Gray, 1825
Lonchorrhina aurita Tomes, 1863
9º 38’31” S, 37º 47’
Leal et al. no prelo
18” W
Lophostoma brasiliense Peters, 1866
Poço Redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rocha (2010)
Micronycteris megalotis Gray, 1842
Poço Redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rocha (2010)
Micronycteris sanborni (Simmons, 1996)
Poço Redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rocha (2010)
Micronycteris sp.
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Mikalauskas (2005)
Phyllostomus discolor (Wagner, 1843)
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Mikalauskas (2005)
UFS campus
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Rocha et al. (2010)
Santo Amaro das Brotas (7)
Not recorded
Atlantic Forest
Main town
Miretzki (2005)
Capela (11)
RVS Mata do Junco
Atlantic Forest
10º32’S, 37º03’W
1175
!
Table 1 (cont...)
Taxon
Phyllostomus hastatus (Pallas, 1766)
Tonatia saurophylla Koopmann & Williams,
1951
Trachops cirrhosus (Spix, 1823)
Trinycteris nicefori (Sanborn, 1949)
Macrophyllum macrophyllum (Schinz, 1821)
Subfamily Carolliinae Miller, 1924
Carollia perspicillata (Linnaeus, 1758)
Subfamily Stenodermatinae Gervais, 1856
Dermanura cinerea (Gervais, 1856)
Artibeus fimbriatus (Gray, 1838)
Artibeus lituratus (Olfers, 1818)
Artibeus obscurus (Schinz, 1821)
Artibeus planirostris (Spix, 1823)
Municipality
Capela (11)
Capela (11)
Locality
UFS campus
RVS Mata do Junco
RVS Mata do Junco
Biome
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Coordinates
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
São Cristovão (4)
Capela (11)
Not recorded
RVS Mata do Junco
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Capela (11)
RVS Mata do Junco
UFS campus
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
11º 00’ 54” S, 37º 12’
21” W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Poço Redondo (12)
Brejo Grande (14)
Cristianápolis (15)
Capela (11)
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
Fazenda Capivara
Fazenda Cruzeiro
Not recorded
RVS Mata do Junco
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Main town
Main town
Main town
10º32’S, 37º03’W
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Poço Redondo (12)
Cristianápolis (15)
Capela (11)
Poço Redondo (12)
Capela (11)
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
Fazenda Cruzeiro
RVS Mata do Junco
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
RVS Mata do Junco
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Main town
10º32’S, 37º03’W
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Poço Redondo (12)
Brejo Grande (14)
Capela (11)
Poço Redondo (12)
Capela (11)
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
Fazenda Capivara
Not recorded
RVS Mata do Junco
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
Not recorded
RVS Mata do Junco
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Main town
Main town
10º32’S, 37º03’W
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
10º 47’ 20” S, 37º 03’
16” W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
1176
!
Reference
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha et al. (2007);
Brito e Bocchiglieri (2012)
Feijó & Nunes (2010);
Brito e Bocchiglieri (2012)
Rocha et al. (2010)
Mikalauskas (2005);
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Miretzki (2005)
Hoffmann & Baker (2003)
Hoffmann & Baker (2003)
Mikalauskas (2005);
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Miretzki (2005)
Mikalauskas (2005)
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Mikalauskas (2005);
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Miretzki (2005)
Miretzki (2005)
Mikalauskas (2005)
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Miretzki (2005); Feijó &
Nunes (2010)
Table 1. (cont..)
Taxon
Chiroderma dorie (Thomas, 1891)
Municipality
Capela (11)
Locality
RVS Mata do Junco
Biome
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Coordinates
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
Poço Redondo (12)
Capela (11)
Poço Redondo (12)
Capela (11)
Poço Redondo (12)
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
RVS Mata do Junco
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
RVS Mata do Junco
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
10º32’S, 37º03’W
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Reference
Mikalauskas (2005);
Mikalauskas et al. (2006b)
Mikalauskas (2005)
Mikalauskas (2005);
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Mikalauskas (2005)
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Poço redondo (12)
Serra da Guia
Caatinga
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Rocha et al. (2011b)
Pteronotus personatus (Wagner, 1843)
Itabaiana (10)
Riachuelo (2)
Casa de Pedra Cave
Urubu Cave
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Golveia et al. 2009; Rocha
et al. 2011a
Pteronotus gymnonotus
Itabaiana (10)
Riachuelo (2)
Casa de Pedra Cave
Urubu Cave
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
10º50.050’S,
37º27.027’W
10º43.964’S,
37º09.927’W
10º50.050’S,
37º27.027’W
10º43.964’S,
37º09.927’W
Noctilio leporinus (Linnaeus, 1758)
Propriá (13)
UFS campus
Not recorded
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Main town
Rocha et al. (2010)
Miretzki (2005)
Noctilio albiventris Desmarest, 1818
UFS campus
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Rocha et al. (2010)
Fazenda Mundo Novo
Caatinga
9º 38’31” S, 37º 47’
18” W
Chiroderma villosum (Peters 186)
Platyrrhinus lineatus (E. Geoffroy, 1810)
Sturnira lilium (E.Geoffroy, 1810)
Uroderma bilobatum (Peters, 1866)
Uroderma magnirostrum Davis, 1968
Family Mormoopidae Saussure, 1860
Golveia et al. (2009); Rocha
et al. (2011a)
Family Noctilionidae Gray, 1821
Family Furipteridae Gray, 1866
Furipterus horrens (F. Cuvier, 1828)
!
1177
!
Table 1. (cont..)
Taxon
Family Natalidae Gray, 1866
Municipality
Locality
Biome
Coordinates
Reference
Natalus macrourus (Gervais, 1856)
Itabaiana (10)
Casa de Pedra Cave
Atlantic Forest
10.833º S, 37.450º W
Golveia et al. (2009)
Cynomops planirostris (Pallas, 1766)
UFS campus
Atlantic Forest
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Rocha et al. (2010)
Cynomops greenhalli Goodwin, 1958
Not recorded
Not recorded
Not recorded
Not recorded
Peracchi et al. (2011)
Molossus molossus (Pallas, 1766)
UFS campus
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
Rocha et al. (2010)
Poço Redondo (12)
Brejo Grande (14)
Capela (11)
UFS campus
Serra da Guia
Fazenda Capivara
RVS Mata do Junco
10º 40’ S, 37º 25’ W
10º 55’ S, 37º 04’ W
9º58’S, 37º52’W
Sede Municipal
10º32’S, 37º03’W
Mikalauskas (2005)
Rocha et al. (2010)
Rocha (2010)
Miretzki (2005)
Family Molossidae Gervais, 1856
Atlantic Forest
Family Vespertilionidae Gray, 1821
Myotis nigricans (Schinz, 1821)
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Caatinga
Atlantic Forest
Atlantic Forest
Rhogueessa hussoni Genoways and Baker,
Capela (11)
RVS Mata do Junco
Atlantic Forest
10º32’S, 37º03’W
Mikalauskas et al. (2011)
1996
Sources: Alencar et al. (1994), Hoffmann & Baker (2003), Miretzki (2005), Mikalauskas (2005), Mikalauskas et al. (2006 a, b), Gouveia et al. (2009), Astúa & Guerra (2008), Feijó & Nunes (2010),
Rocha (2010), Rocha et al. (2010), Rocha et al. (2011a), Rocha et al. (2011b), Mikalauskas et al. (2011), Peracchi et al., (2011), Brito & Bocchiglieri (2012), and Leal et al. (in press). (*) Present study.
1178
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