Machakhela EMP_GEO New

Rural Energy Program
energetikis ganviTareba soflad
xelSekruleba NO. 114-A-00-05-00106-00
maWaxelas hidroeleqtrosadguris
reabilitaciis garemosdacviTi
monitoringis gegma
garemosdacviTi
garemosdacviTi
monitoringis gegma
maWaxelas mcire
hidroeleqtrosadguris
reabilitaciis
reabilitaciis proeqti
momzadebulia
visTvis:
momzadebulia
vis mier:
aSS saerTaSoriso
ganviTarebis
saagento /kavkasia
saqarTvelo,
Tbilisi, 0105,
aTonelis 25
energetikis
ganviTareba
soflad
saqarTvelo, Tbilisi, 0105, Zmebi
kakabaZeebis 26
tel: +995 32 50 63 43
faqsi: +995 32 93 53 52
sarCevi
1. Sesavali ...............................................................................................................................6
2. garemos marTvis gegmebi teritoriuli maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT..................9
2. zegavlenis Semcirebis gegma........................................................................................22
3. monitoringis gegma ........................................................................................................31
danarTi a. maWaxelas proeqtis teritoriis ekologiuri Seswavla ..................34
danarTi b. fizikuri da socio-ekonomikuri garemo ................................................41
danarTi g. maWaxelas mcire hesis mimdebare teritoriis geologiuri
Sefaseba ....................................................................................................................................45
1.
Sesavali
aSS-s saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos mier dafinansebuli proeqti
“energetikis ganviTareba soflad” (warsulSi cnobili rogorc
“energetikisa da garemos dacvis ganviTareba soflad” anu REED)
saqarTveloSi miznad isaxavs qveynis farglebSi arsebuli
SesaZleblobebis gazrdas mcire hesebis resursebis gamoyenebiT da qveynis
regionebSi arsebuli energoefeqturobis potencialis realizacias.
proeqtis “energetikis ganviTareba soflad” mTavari miznebia 1)
energomaragis gazrda soflebSi (rogorc sistemasTan mierTebuli ise
sxvagan) 2) adgilobrivi energogeneraciis gaumjobesebuli marTva; 3)
qveynis farglebSi arsebuli SesaZleblobebis gazrda, raTa moxdes
ganaxlebadi energiis ganviTareba da gamoyeneba regionaluri
macxovreblebis mier da 4) gazrdili SesaZleblobebi, raTa ufro
efeqturad moxdes adgilobrivi energoresursebis bazais gamoyeneba da
dacva.
proeqti “energetikis ganviTareba soflad” gegmavs rigi sacdeli
proeqtebis danergvas iseT sferoebSi, rogoricaa mcire, mini da mikro
hidroenergetikuli instalaciebi, bunebrivi gazis ganawilebis qselis
gafarToeba, ganaxlebadi energosistemebi (mcire, mini da mikro
hidromowyobilobebis garda) da bunebrivi resursebis marTvis programebi.
aSS-s federaluri mTavrobis “saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos” mier
dafinansebuli proeqtis “energetikis ganviTareba soflad” RonisZiebebi
eqvemdebareba aSS-s garemos dacvis kanonebs da regulaciebs (“aSS-s
saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos” garemoze zegavlenis Seswavlis
procedurebs). am procedurebis mizania 1970 wels miRebuli “nacionaluri
garemos politikis aqtis” moTxovnebis danergva. federaluri
regulaciebis kodeqsis 22-e Tavis 216-e nawili (anu 22CFR 216) exeba
“saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentos” programebs, proeqtebs,
RonisZiebebs da radikalur cvlilebebs.
22 CFR 216 Sesabamisad, proeqtis “energetikis ganviTareba soflad”
garemosdacvis jgufma 2006 wlis martSi daasrula “programuli
garemosdacviTi Sefaseba” proeqtis “energetikis ganviTareba soflad”.
(“aSS-s saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis saagentom” daamtkica “programuli
garemosdacviTi Sefaseba”, misi realizaciis mizniT. “programuli
garemosdacviTi Sefaseba” moicavda (a) garemos Semowmebis kriteriumis
gansazRvra im proeqtTa jgufisaTvis, romlebic msgavsni arian zegavlenis
zomiT, diapazoniT da masStabiT da (b) yoveli tipis proeqtisaTvis
msgavsi zegavlenis Semcirebis zomebis daxasiaTeba da aRiarebuli
zegavlenis Semsubuqeba. proeqtebi (mag, saSualo da did hesebis
proeqtebi, nacionalur parkebSi arsebuli proeqtebi an iseTi proeqtebi,
romlebmac wamoWra sakiTxebi datboril teritoriaze mcxovreb an
mgrZnobiare binadarTa garemos calke SeswavlasTan dakavSirebiT),
romelTac saerTo maxasiaTeblebi ar hqondaT, ar Sesula “programul
garemosdacviTi SefasebaSi”.
“programulma garemosdacviTma Sefasebam” Seiswavla oTxi tipis proeqti,
romelTa investirebac aris dagegmili proeqtis “energetikis ganviTareba
soflad” farglebSi. maTSi Sevida proeqtebis Semdegi kategoriebi:
•
•
•
•
mciremaStabiani hesebi;
mosaxleobisTvis bunebrivi gazis gamanawilebeli sistemebi
ganaxlebadi energia/energoefeqturobis proeqtebi da
bunebrivi resursebis marTvis proeqtebi.
PA-s garemos monacemTa Semswavlelma gundma etapebad dahyo “programulma
garemosdacviTma Sefasebam”. proeqtis “energetikis ganviTareba soflad”
monacemTa Sesaxeb angariSis (danarTi E) momzadebis dros gansazRvruli
sakiTxebi Seswavlil iqna PEA-s mravlismomcveli gundis mier
literaturis mimoxilvis, mewileebTan interviuebis, adgilis araerTxel
monaxulebis da garemos daTvalierebiTi analizis gziT
“garemos programul SeswavlaSi” mocemuli ekologiuri aspeqtebi Seicaven
Semdeg sakiTxebs:
• geologia da niadagebi
• wylis resursebi
• biologiuri resursebi
• socioekonomika (sazogadoebis janmrTelobis CaTvliT)
• kulturuli resursebi
“programulma garemosdacviTma Sefasebam”, agreTve, gaamartiva garemos
marTvis gegmebis (maT Soris, zegavlenis Semcirebis da monitoringis
gegmebi) momzadebis procesi, mosalodneli, ufro grZelvadiani
RonisZiebebisaTvis, romelic unda Catardes proeqtis “energetikis
ganviTareba soflad” farglebSi. mTeli proeqtisaTvis “energetikis
ganviTareba soflad” “programuli garemosdacviTi Sefasebis”
dasrulebis gamo, saWiro gaxda garemos mniSvnelovnebis xarisxis
kriteriumis gansazRvra garemos marTvis TiToeuli gegmisaTvis.
“programuli garemosdacviTi Sefasebis” dros SemuSavda erTiani
mniSvnelovnebis kriteriumi, romelic moergo garemos marTvis
individualur gegmebs garemoze zegavlenis donis mixedviT.
garemos
marTvis gegma TiToeuli proeqtisaTvis emyareba TiToeuli proeqtis
adgilze Catarebuli konkretuli garemos daTvalierebas. daTvalierebis
proeqti gamiznuli iyo garemoze zegavlenis dasaxasiaTeblad yoveli
proeqtis magaliTze, mis danergvasTan dakavSirebuli mSeneblobis an
saeqsploatacio fazes dawyebis Sesabamisad. zegavlenis Semcirebis
variantebi dakavSirebulia “programuli garemosdacviTi Sefasebis”
mocemul rekomendaciebTan gavlenis Semcirebis SesaZleblobebis Sesaxeb.
“garemos marTvis gegmebi” Sedgeba zegavlenis Semcirebis, monitoringis da
instituciuri zomebisagan, romlebic unda gatardes danergvis da
eqsploataciis dros raTa garemos da socialuri zegavlena Tavidan iqnas
acilebuli, Caenacvlos an Semcirdes misaReb donemde. Aseve dagegmilia is
qmedebebi, rac aris saWiro mocemuli zomebis misaRebad. “garemos marTvis
gegmebi” gansazRvravs praqtikul da efeqtur RonisZiebebs, romlebmac
SeiZleba Seamciros misaReb donemde potenciurad mniSvnelovani zegavlena
garemoze. konretulad “garemos marTvis gegmebi” Seicavs Semdegs:
(a) garemoze zegavlenis yvela mosalodneli faqti (adgilobrivi
mosaxleobis da iZulebiTi gadasaxlebis CaTvliT);
(b) zegavlenis Semcirebis TiToeuli RonisZiebis (teqnikuri detalebis
CaTvliT) detalebi, maT Soris, im zegavlenis kategoria, romelTanac es
RonisZieba aris dakavSirebuli da pirobebi, romelTa drosac iqneba
saWiro (mag, mudmivad Tu mxolod incidentebis dros), gegmebTan,
aparaturis aRwerasTan, saeqsploatacio procedurebTan erTad, rogorc
wesia
(g) garemoze am RonisZiebebis Sedegad mosalodneli nebismieri zegavlenis
Sefaseba da
(d) kavSiri zegavlenis sxva romelime gegmebTan (mag, iZulebiTi
gadasaxleba, adgilobrivi mosaxleobis an kulturuli memkvidreoba),
romlebic saWiroa proeqtisaTvis.
“garemos marTvis gegmebis” monitoringis nawili warmogvidgens Semdeg
informacias:
(a) monitoringis RonisZiebebis specifiuri aRwera da teqnikuri detalebi
maT Soris: gasazomi parametrebi, gamosayenebeli meTodebi, samagaliTo
adgilebi, gazomvebis sixSire, gansazRvris limitebi (sadac saWiroa),
saniSne adgilebi gamosasworebeli RonisZiebebis saWiroebis miTiTebiT da
(b) monitoringis da informirebis procedurebi, raTa adreulad
ganisazRvros pirobebi, romlebic saWiroebs konkretuli zegavlenis
Sesamcirebeli RonisZiebis Catarebas.
gadawyda, rom sakanonmdeblo da maregulirebeli CarCoebi yvela
proeqtisaTvis identuria da ukve iyo ganxiluli proeqtisaTvis
“energetikis ganviTareba soflad” Catarebul “programul garemosdacviT
SefasebaSi”. zusti statistikis mopoveba saqarTvelos romelime kuTxis
bunebrivi resursebis, ekologiuri janmrTelobis da dasaqmebis Sesaxeb
Zalian rTulia. Garda amisa, adgilobriv saavadmyofoebs da sxva
dawesebulebebs ar gaaCniaT janmrTelobis amsaxveli Canawerebi da
survili ara aqvT ganixilon an gaacnobieron janmrTelobis problemebi.
amis gamo, SeuZlebeli gaxda sazogadoebriv janmrTelobasTan
dakavSirebuli (maT Soris garemosTan an saqmianobasTan dakavSirebuli
janmrTelobis statistika) raime monacemis Seswavla proeqtis
teriroriaze macxovreblebis Sesaxeb.
2. garemos marTvis gegmebi teritoriuli maxasiaTeblebis mixedviT
qvemoT warmodgenilia garemos marTvis gegmebi yoveli pirvel wels
dagegmili proeqtisaTvis. rogorc ukve aRiniSna, maWaxelas mcire hesi
Seswavlil iqna da Sevida “programuli garemosdacviT Sefasebis” 2006
wlis martSi momzadebul angariSSi. garemoze zegavlenis specifiuri
kategoriebi da rekomendaciebi maTi SemcirebisaTvis ganisazRvra proeqtis
“energetikis ganviTareba soflad” garemosdacviTi jgufis mier proeqtis
adgilis meore vizitis dros 2006 wlis dekemberSi. zegavlenis
Semarbilebeli
RonisZiebebi
Seesabameba
“programul
garemosdacviT
SefasebaSi” xazgasmul zogad rekomendaciebs.
maWaxelas mcire hesi mdebareobs mdinare maWaxelas marcxena sanapiroze
sofel qedqedSi, aWaris regioni, dasavleT saqarTvelo.
Fruka
ruka 1. maWaxelas mcire hesis mdebareoba dasavleT saqarTveloSi
Machakhela SHP
sawarmo aSenda 1956 wels da eleqtroenergias awvdida qedis dasaxlebas da
mimdebare soflebs. kerZo kompania Sps bakuri warmoadgens maWaxelas hesis
mflobels da aseve proeqtis ganmaxorcielebels. amJamad sawarmo gamoimuSavebs
daaxl. 700 kv eleqtroenergias, Tumca, sareabilitacio samuSaoebis dasrulebis
Semdgom, misi gamomuSaveba iqneba 1,480kv.
2 suraTze naCvenebia sawarmos sqema.
suraTi 2. LmaWaxelas
LmaWaxelas mcire hesis sqema
saTavee nageboba
saTav
hesis Senoba
arxi
proeqtis “energetikis ganviTareba soflad” inJinerTa jgufi ewvia obieqts
da
Semdegnairad
Seafasa
hidroenergetikuli
infrastruqturis
mdgomareoba:
• dabali simaRlis gamanawilebeli wyalgamSvebi jebiri 50 metria
sigrZeSi.
• saleqari da narCenebis avzi (15 metri X 57.5 metrze) mdebareoben
mdinaris
marcxena
sanapiroze.
Semwovi
aRWurvilia
dinebis
maregulirebeli da wyalgamSvebi farebiT.
wyali saleqaridan miedineba Ria marTkuTxa formis betonis arxSi
da grZeldeba avankameramde. arxi aRWurvilia sami sagangebo
wyalgamSvebiT.
• wyali avankameridan miedineba 53.5 metri sigrZis da 1.300 metr
diametris
sadawneo
milsadenSi,
romliTac
wyali
miewodeba
eleqtrosadgurSi
mdebare
horizontalurad
damontaJebuli
hidroagregatebisaken;
- gamoyenebuli wyali sadinari arxiT ukan brundeba md. maWaxelaSi.
•
proeqtis dizainis dokumentebSi CamoTvlilia
romlebic unda ganxorcieldes obieqtze:
Semdegi
RonisZiebebi,
1. dabali simaRlis kaSxlis mSenebloba
2. wyalmimRebisa da sagangebo da dinebis maregulirebeli farebis
reabilitacia
3. saleqaris reabilitacia
4. Ria arxis reabilitacia
5. avankameris reabilitacia
6. sadawneo milsadenis reabilitacia
7. wyalsagdebis da sadinari arxis reabilitacia
8. eleqtrosadguris reabilitacia (saxuravis, kedlebis remonti da
ezos dawmenda dasufTaveba)
9. eleqtro-mowyobilobis reabilitacia
dabali simaRlis kaSxalis reabilitaciasTan dakavSirebuli samuSaoebi
Semdegi tipis qmedebebs moicavs:
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wyalsacavis
dacla
wylisgan
arxis
seqciebis
SemaerTebeli
nawilebis
an
miwayrilis
meSveobiT.
es
qmedeba
mogvcems
wyalgamSvebis
seqciebis
gaSrobis
saSualeba
sareabilitacio
samuSaoebis Casatareblad;
naleqis amoReba wylisgan gaclili seqciidan;
betonis Camosasxmeli xis formebis ageba da liTonis badeebis
damateba, rogorc es dizainiT aris gaTvaliswinebuli;
wyalmimRebis da sagangebo wyalgamSvebi faris deinstalacia da
SekeTeba;
xis formebis amoReba, mas Semdeg rac betoni gaSreba da mzad iqneba;
betonis adgilze Semowmeba specialuri xelsawyoTi;
wyalmimRebis da sagangebo wyalgamSvebi faris dayeneba;
yvela naleqis, mSeneblobis narCenis ganTavseba specialurad
SerCeul nagavsayrelze damtkicebuli wesis Sesabamisad.
wyalmimRebi warmoadgens betonis auzs, romelsac gaaCnia sagangebo da
nakadis maregulirebeli farebi da esaWiroeba Semdegi sareabilitacio
samuSaoebi:
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• narCenebis da naleqis amoReba wylis mimRebi milidan;
betonis Camosasxmeli xis formebis ageba da liTonis badeebis
damateba, rogorc es dizainiT aris gaTvaliswinebuli;
yvela faris moxsna da gagzvna SesakeTeblad;
xis formebis amoReba, mas Semdeg rac betoni gaSreba da mzad iqneba;
betonis testirebis Catareba;
SekeTebuli wylis Sedineblis maregulirebeli faris dayeneba;
wlis mimRebi auzis testireba gaJonvis Tavidan asacileblad wylis
SevsebiT da faris daxurviT
mcire gaJonvis SemTxvevaSi xvrelebis amovseba betoniT
yvela naleqis, mSeneblobis narCenis gadayra specialurad SerCeul
narCenebis ganTavsebis adgilas
zemoTmocemuli samuSaoebi SeiZleba Catardes
igive periodSi, rac
gamanawilebeli wyalgamSvebi jebiris samuSaoebi. am gziT, gamanawilebeli
wyalgamSvebi jebiris SekeTebisas momxdari wyaldidobis SemTxvevaSi,
reaibilitirebuli sistema SeZlebs wylis Semodinebis nawilis Sewovas. K
maWaxelas diversiul arxs esaWiroeba reabilitacia. wnevis auzi da arxi
mdebareoben diversiuli arixis bolos 2,163 metrze. arxis marjvena kedeli
pirvel da meore wyalsagdebs Soris gamagrebulia garedan. arxis zogierT
monakveTSi, amgvari sayrdenebi aklia da arxis kedlebi Camongrevis
safrTxis winaSea. mTidan wylis daSvebam daaziana arxis didi monakveTebi.
Sedegad, arxs sami didi mJonavi naprali aqvs.
agebulia sami saavtomobilo gasasvleli diversiul arxze; amJamad isini
cud mdgomareobaSi arian da saWiroeben reabilitacias. arxis saremonto
samuSao moicavs Semdegs:
• narCenebis da naleqis amoReba arxidan da akvedukidan;
• betonis Camosasxmeli xis formebis ageba da liTonis badeebis
damateba, rogorc es dizainiT aris gaTvaliswinebuli;
• yvela wylis dinebis, sagangebo wyalgamSvebi farebis moxsna
Semwovidan da maTi gagzavna saremontod;
• xis formebis amoReba, mas Semdeg rac betoni gaSreba da mzad
iqneba;
• betonis testirebis Catareba specialuri Sesamowmebeli aparaturis
gamoyenebiT;
• sayrdenebis gaZliereba akvedukze teqnikuri dizainis mixedviT;
• garemontebuli farebis damontaJeba
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akvedukis gavseba wyliT, farebis daxurva da testireba gaJonvis
Tavidan asacileblad;
mcire gaJonvebis SemTxvevaSi napralebis Sevseba betoniT;
arsebuli gasasvlelebis demontaJi derivaciul arxze da axlis
dayeneba;
arxis Ria monakveTebis dafarva liTonis badiT;
yvela naleqis, mSeneblobis narCenis gadayra specialurad SerCeul
narCenebis ganTavsebis adgilas damtkicebuli wesis Sesabamisad/
maWaxelas sadawneo milsadens aseve esaWiroeba reabilitacia. aRniSnuli
milsadeni aRWurvilia Termuli eqspansiis kompensatorebiT, romlebsac
wyali gasdiT da esaWiroebaT remonti. sadawneo milsadenis liTonis
xarisxi Semowmdeba da susti monakveTebi gamoicvleba teqnikuri dizainis
instruqciebis mixedviT. sadawneo milsadenis reabilitacia moicavs Semdeg
saqmianobas:
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sadawneo
milsadenis
dazianebuli
seqciis
demontaJi
gazis
misaduRebeli aparatiT;
axali seqciebis miduReba eleqtronuli misaduRebeli aparatiT:
sadawneo milsadenis sayrdenebis dayeneba dizanis intruqciis
mixedviT;
zemoTxsenebuli samuSaoebis Catarebis Semdeg sadawneo milsadenis
dacla wylisgan da monitoringis Catareba drois garkveuli
periodis ganmavlobaSi (+/-ori dRe), raTa aRmoCndes da SekeTdes
gaJonvis adgilebi, gansakuTrebuli yuradReba unda gamaxvildes
milebis SeerTebebTan;
sadawneo
milsadenis SeRebva wylis daJangvis
sawinaaRmdego
saRebavis gamoyenebiT da
yvela naleqis, mSeneblobis narCenis gadayra miRebuli wesis
mixedviT.
wyalsagdebis mJonav kedlebs esaWiroebaT reabilitacia. romelic moicavs
Semdeg samuSaoebs:
milsadenis da arxis SemaerTebeli seqciebis gacla wylisgan.
amgvarad, SesaZlebeli gaxdeba seqciis gaSroba sareabilitacio
samuSaoebis Casatareblad;
• narCenebis da naleqis amoReba arxidan da wyalsagdebidan;
• betonis Camosasxmeli xis formebis ageba da liTonis badeebis
damateba, rogorc es dizainiT aris gaTvaliswinebuli;
• xis formebis amoReba, mas Semdeg rac betoni gaSreba da mzad
iqneba;
•
•
•
•
betonis testirebis Catareba specialuri Sesamowmebeli aparaturis
gamoyenebiT;
wyalsagdebis da arxis gavseba wyliT da testireba gaJonvis
Tavidan asacileblad;
mcire gaJonvebis SemTxvevaSi napralebis Sevseba betoniT;
yvela naleqis, mSeneblobis narCenis gadayra specialurad SerCeul
narCenebis ganTavsebis adgilas damtkicebuli wesis Sesabamisad.
sareabilitacio samuSaoebis dasrulebis Semdeg, mTliani hidro sistema
Seivseba wyliT da Cautardeba monitoringi garkveuli drois monakveTSi
romelic
dizainiTaa
gansazRvruli,
gaJonvebis
aRmosaCenad
da
SesakeTeblad;
eleqtrosadgurs esaWiroeba mcire Sida da gare saremonto samuSaoebi.
dagegmili SekeTeba moicavs Semdeg samuSaoebs:
•
•
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•
saxuravis dazianebuli monakveTis Secvla;
Senobis Sida da gare kedlebis SekeTeba da wyalgaumtari saRebavis ori
fenis wasma;
eleqtrodguris iatakidan narCenebis da liTonis namcecebis amoReba da
misi saWiroebisamebr SekeTeba;
eleqtrodguris ezos gasufTaveba nagvisgan,
narCenebisa da liTonis
namcecebisagan;
yvela naleqis, mSeneblobis narCenis gadayra specialurad SerCeul sanagve
adgilas damtkicebuli wesis Sesabamisad.
eleqtrodguris teritoriis uzrunvelyofa saTanado RobiT da
usafrTxoebis niSnebiT potenciuri saSiSroebis miTiTebiT.
eleqtroaparaturis damontaJeba: maWaxelas mcire hesis proeqti moicavs
energiis ganawilebis da sakontrolo farebis reabilitacias. dagegmilia
Semdegi samuSaoebis Catareba:
turbinebis amoReba da maTi nawilebis (zedapiri, wylis gamyvani,
RerZi,
sayrdenebi,
borbali
da
maregulirebeli)
gagzavna
SesakeTeblad. eleqtrodguris gamwov mils da sayden filas
SeiZleba dasWirdeT SekeTeba. generatori SeiZleba moixsnas da
gaigzavnos gadasaxvevad.
• Zveli eleqtrogayvanilobis Secvla axliT;
• yvela
moZvelebuli
da
gafuWebuli
aparaturis
moxsna
da
Tanamedrove ufro efeqturiT Secvla; avtomaturi sistema unda
garemontdes hesis saoperacio efeqturobis gasazrdelad;
• transformatorebis, fiderebis, salteebis, gadacemis polusebis da
eleqtrogadamcemi xazebis SekeTeba;
•
cxrili 1. maWaxelas mcire hesis proeqtis
proeqtis dasamontaJebeli
dasamontaJebeli eleqtronuli
eleqtronuli
aRWurviloba
stacionaruli aparatarura
denis transformatorebi
Zabvis transformatorebi
marTvis fari
sakontrolo dafa
voltmetri
sakontrolo mowyobiloba
gare ganaTeba mcire hesis
teritoriaze
regionaluri energoprogramis inJinerTa jgufma adgili moinaxula 2006 wlis
dekemberSi. am vizitis mizani iyo arsebuli garemos dacvis pirobebis Seswavla
adgilze
da
garemoze
SesaZlo
zegavlenis
detaluri
gaanalizeba.
qvemoTmocemuli teqsti Seicavs proeqtTan dakavSirebuli, garemoze zegavlenis
momxdeni potenciuri mniSvnelovani faqtorebis analizs da sadac saWiroa,
ganmartavs maTi Semcirebis RonisZiebebs (monitoringis CaTvliT), romlebic
saWiroa mosalodnel zegavlenaze yuradRebis misaqcevad.
danarT 1-Si mocemulia kaxareTis mcire hesze Catarebuli dakvirvebis Sedegebi.
momdevno cxril 2-Si mocemulia is sakiTxebi romlebic skriningis analizis
Sedegad miCneuli iqna ararelevanturad Catarebuli Seswavlis dros.
cxrili
cxrili 2:
2 potenciuri zegavlena garemoze, romelic amoRebulia Semdgomi
Seswavlis sferodan
mSeneblobis faza
sakiTxebi
sakiTxebi
gamotovebis mizezebi
hidrologiuri
darRveva
reJimis
adgilobrivi
da
gzebTan
xelSeSla
gadaadgilebis
dakavSirebis
SenarCunebuli
arsebuli
pirobebi
iqneba
hidrologiuri
samuSaoebis
umetesoba
soflidan
moSorebiT
iwarmoebs
da
SedarebiT
mciremasStabiani iqneba.
operatiuli faza
mariliani wylis amRvreva
ar Seesabameba
istoriul, kulturul da
esTetiur
Zerglebisa
da
adgilebisaTvis saSiSroebis
Seqmna
arsebuli infrastuqsurebis
aRdgena, niadagis aTvisebis
gareSe
maWaxelas mcire hesis proeqtis teritoriaze Catarebuli garemos
Seswavlis safuZvelze ganisazRvra garemoze mniSvnelovani zegavlenis
qvemoTganxiluli faqtebi.
aucilebelia aRiniSnos, rom gansazRvrul zegavlena zomierad an
naklebad SesaZlebelia. Tumca aseTi zegavlena Semcirebuli an Tavidan
aris
acilebuli
saukeTeso
marTvis,
samSeneblo
da
operatiuli
praqtikebis ganxorcielebiT. maWaxelas mcire hesis proeqtis garemoze
zegavlenis Semcirebis gegma xazs usvavs TiToeul zegavlenasTan
dakavSirebul ZiriTad RonisZiebebs.
qvemoT mocemulia garemoze zegavlenis faqtebis CamonaTvali, romlebic
CaiTvala saSualod an mniSvnelovnad “programuli garemosdacviTi
Sefasebis”
dros.
zegavlenaTa
CamonaTvals
Tan
erTvis
maTi
SemcirebisaTvis rekomendirebuli RonisZiebebi.
1) geologia da niadagi:
mSenebloba:
garkveuli
geologiuri
safrTxe mosalodnelia
Seiqmnas
mSeneblobis
dros.
arsebuli
literaturis
mixedviT,
xelvaCauris regionSi xSiria mewyerebi. proeqtze SesaZlo
uaryofiTi zegavlenis Tavidan asacileblad, rekomendirebulia
Catardes geologiuri Seswavla daproeqtebis etapze, maT
Soris:
Semarbilebeli zomebi:
niadagis
fenis
simyaris
klasifikacia
geologiuri safrTxis Sesafaseblad (mewyeri)
potenciuri
gamosayenebeli samSeneblo masalis Sesaxeb rekomendaciis
momzadeba
mdinaris napiris dacvis Sesaxeb rekomendaciis momzadeba
eroziis aRsakveTad
mSenebloba
saSualo an mcire zegavlena niadagis zeda fenaze zemoqmedebis
Sedegad da eroziis gamwvaveba samSeneblo fazaSi.
Semarbilebeli zomebi
daqanebebis saTanado landSaftireba da mcenareuli safaris
gazrda.
operireba:
operireba:
mSeneblobis procesSi niadagis saSualo an mcire zomis
dabinZureba. rac gamowveulia qimiuri nivTierebebis, sapoxi
masalebis da navTobis gamoyenebiT.
Semarbilebeli zomebi:
danadgarebis regularuli
Tavidan asacileblad
Semowmeba
zeTis
gamoJonvis
adgilze danadgaris garecxvis akrZalva
profesionalur
momsaxureebTan
xelSekrulebebis
gaformeba
transformatorebSi
zeTis
regularul
gamocvlaze
2) wylis resursi
mSenebloba:
wylis mzardi mRvreva mSeneblobis fazaSi:
samSeneblo
samuSaoebis dros saWiro gaxdeba miwis amoReba da mdinaris
kalapotidan xreSis da qvebis amoReba (kaSxalis asagebad da
jebirebis Sesaqmnelad) da betonis mozelva (did samSeneblo
farTobze). es samuSaoebi gamoiwvevs arxSi Cadinebuli wylis
amRvrevas da naSali niadagis Cadinebas.
Semarbilebeli zomebi
nakadis dablokvis Tavidan acileba mSeneblobis dros
raTa Tavidan iqnes acilebuli wyalgamSvebis datborva da
niadagis CamoSla;
niadagis dagrovebis Tavidan acileba mdinaris napirebze
niadagis moZraobis Sesamcireblad;
betonis blokebis gamoyeneba niadagis nacvlad (sadac
SesaZlebelia) dinebis droebiTi diversiisaTvis niadagis
moZraobis SesaCereblad da dinebis danaleqiT gavsebis
aRsakveTad;
operireba
mdinare maWaxelas Semcirebuli konservaciuli Rirebuleba.
mcire hesis amoqmedebisas wyali misken miimarTeba. amiT
SeiZleba mniSvnelovnad Semcirdes wylis odenba (derivaciisa
da hesis Senobis monakveTSi). am Semcirebam SeiZleba cvlileba
gamoiwvios Tevzebze, gansakuTrebiT mSrali sezonis dros.
Semarbilebeli zomebi:
mdinaris minimaluri sanitaruli xarjis SenarCuneba
(minimaluri ekologiuri dineba)
mTeli wlis manZilze arxis sisvelis minimaluri
perimetris SenarCuneba arxis yvela sakontrolo ubanSi.
3) biologiuri resursebi
mSenebloba
Tevzis qviriTobaze zegavlena. samSeneblo samuSaoebi
saWiroebs kaSxalidan wylis mimarTulebis droebiT
Secvlas. dinebis dablokva gaaSrobs arxs rac Tevzis
populaciebs daazianebs. Tu mSenebloba gazafxulzea
dagegmili zafxulis bolomde (aprili-agvisto) da
Semodgomis dasawyisisTvis (seqtemberi-oqtomberi), es
samuSaoebi xels SeuSlian Tevzebis qviriTobas, riTac
uaryofiT zegavlenas moaxdenen TevzTa populaciaze.
zegavlena frinvelebze. maWaxelas hesis garSemo mravali
frinveli binadrobs. gamravlebis sezoni iwyeba
gazafxulze (marti-aprili-maisi) da zafxulSi (ivnisi). Tu
mSenebloba daemTxva am periods, aRniSnulma SesaZlebelia
zogierT saxeobaze uaryofiTad imoqmedos.
Semarbilebeli zomebi
mdinaris minimaluri santaruli xarjis SenarCuneba
(minimaluri ekologiuri dineba) mdinaris hidrologiis,
wylis xarisxis, arsebuli Tevzebis saxeobaTa da cocxali
bunebis SesanarCuneblad (sezonuli cvlilebis Sesabamisad
nakadis doneebis mixedviT).
mTeli wlis manZilze arxis sisvelis minimaluri
perimetris SenarCuneba arxis yvela sakontrolo ubanSi.
samSeneblo samuSaoebis sworad dagegmva. aRniSnuli ar
unda daemTxves Tevzebis qviriTobis da frinvelebis
gamravlebis periodebs.
operireba:
mdinaris dineba kaSxlidan sadguramde sagrZnoblad
Semcirdeba proeqtis msvlelobisas. wylis nawili
gadadindeba kaSxlidan sadguris mimarTulebiT, rac
mdinaris dinebas Seamcirebs. imisaTvis rom SenarCundes
Tevzis populaciebi, unda SenarCundes minimaluri dineba.
winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi (gansakuTrebiT mSral sezonze)
aRniSnuli uaryofiTad imoqmedebs Tevzis populaciebze.
Tevzis kargva. dagegmili hidroeleqtrosistema mdinare
maWaxelas nawils arxisken mimarTavs, Semdeg turbinuli
wyalgamtarisaken da bolos turbinisken. patara Tevzi,
romelic turbinaSi (gamwovSi) gadis SeiZleba daixocos.
wylis Semwov mowyobilobasTan Tevzebisgan damcav
badeebTan Sejaxebam SeiZleba uaryofiTi zegavlena
moaxdinos patara da zogierT (potenciurad) mozrdil
Tevzzec.
mdinare xvablianSi binadrobs saqarTvelos
wiTel wignSi Sesuli Salmo fario. am mcire hesis proeqtis
msvlelobis periodSi mniSvnelovani zegavlena aris
mosalodneli binadar Tevzze.
Semarbilebeli zomebi:
Tevzamridi badeebis dayeneba arxis im adgilas, sadac
xdeba mdinaris wylis bunebrivi kursis Secvla. aseTi
badis seqciis zoma unda iyos 3mm x 3mm., rac xels CeuSlis
yvela msxvil Tevzs da patara Tevzebis umravlesobas
arxsa da turbines wyalgamyvanSi SeRwevaSi. badeebs
esaWiroeba operatoris mier perioduli gawmenda nagvisa
da narCenebisagan.
mdinaris minimaluri Sedinebis SenarCuneba (minimaluri
ekologiuri
dineba)
mdinaris
hidrologiis,
wylis
xarisxis, arsebuli Tevzebis saxeobaTa da cocxali
bunebis SesanarCuneblad (sezonuli cvlilebis Sesabamisad
nakadis doneebis mixedviT).
Tevzis
populaciebis
SesanarCuneblad
gasasvlelebi unda daematos dizains.
Tevzis
4) sakadro resursebi
mSenebloba:
mSeneblobisa da montaJis samuSaoebis (mSeneblobaze
droebiTi muSebis yofnis CaTvliT) zegavlena xelvaCauris
mosaxleobaze.
adgilobrivi
mosaxleobis
Sewuxeba
SeiZleba gamoiwvios transportis sacobebis zrdam da
droebiTi muSebis yofnam mSeneblobaze.
mSeneblobisa da damontaJebis periodSi muSebsa da
adgilobriv
macxovreblebs
Soris
samuSaosTan
dakavSirebuli dazianenebis mzardi albaToba
Semarbilebeli zomebi:
mSeneblobis ganrigis daweseba da misi dacva samSeneblo
zonis mimdebare teritoriaze normaluri cxovrebis
xelSemSleli pirobebis Sesamcireblad;
satvirTo manqanebis moZraobis da
sxva samSeneblo
samuSaoebis koordinacia, xmis, moZraobis Seferxebis da
mtris minimumamde dasayvanad.
operireba
samuSaosTan dakavSirebuli dazianebebis da sikvdilianobis
mzardi albaToba sadguris TanamSromelTa da zogadad
sazogadoebaSi Tuki ar gatardeba usafrTxoebis zomebi.
Semarbilebeli RonisZiebebi:
saxelmwifo usafrTxoebis wesebis da instruqciebis dacva
da marTvis saukeTeso standartebis danergva. “energetikis
ganviTareba soflad” (REP) programis gundma moamzada
usafrTxoebis
mowyobilobaTa
CamonaTvali,
rac
savaldebuloa damontaJdes mcire hesze. CamonaTvali
mocemulia me-3 cxrilSi.
5) narCeni masalebi
mSenebloba:
mSenebloba:
garemos dabinZureba samSeneblo narCenebiT. mSeneblobasTan
dakavSirebuli saqmianobebi, rogoricaa: niadagis Txra, sacemento
samuSaoebi, eleqtro mowyobilobebis damontaJeba da a.S. warmoqmnis
garkveuli odenobis narCens.
Semarbilebeli
Semarbilebeli RonisZiebebi:
RonisZiebebi
narCenebis daxarisxeba xelmeored gamoyenebisaTvis. Tu narCenis meoradi
gamoyeneba ar xerxdeba, narCeni unda ganTavsebul iqnas narCenis
ganTavsebisaTvis specialurad gamoyofil teritoriaze;
narCenebis dawvis minimizacia;
Tu narCeni unda daimarxos mSeneblobis teritorize, narCenis
ganTavsebisaTvis ormoebis amoTxra unda moxdes sasmeli wylis
resursisgan moSorebiT. ormoebi wyalgaumtari masaliT unda amoilesos.
cxrili 3. piradi usafrTxoebis mowyobiloba
piradi mowyobiloba - savaldebulo
kaskebi
mxedvelobis damcavi saTvaleebi
usafrTxo fexsacmelebi
samuSao xelTaTmanebi
Tvalebis dasabani sadguri
Pirveladi daxmarebis mowyobiloba (50 kacisTvis)
zeTis Semwovi safenebi (zomiT 15x19) minimaluri
woniT 100 ABS 24,7 galonis tevadobis yuTebi
narinjisferi Jiletebi
misabmeli
qamrebi
(inspeqciebi/sakaSxlo samuSaoebi)
personalisTvis
2.
zegavlenis Semcirebis gegma
RonisZieba
mimRebi
auzis
SekeTeba da
kaSxlis
ageba
potenciuri
zegavlena
kontraqtorebis
muSebis da sxva
pirebis
dazianebebi
samuSaoebis
msvlelobis
dros
kontraqtorebis
muSebis da sxva
pirebis
dazianebebi
narCenebis
saSiSad Senaxvis
gamo
niadagis
danagvianeba
qimikatebis,
Txevadi betonis
da sxva Txevada
masalebis
daRvriT
wylis da
niadagis
danagvianeb
(xiluli da sxva)
narCeni masalebis
araswori
gadayriT
sacxovrebeli
teritoriis
Sewuxeba
montaJis dros
gamowveuli xmiT
mniSvnelovneba
da warmoqmnis
albaToba
saSualo SesaZlo
saSualo SesaZlo
saSualo SesaZlo
saSualo SesaZlo
saSualo SesaZlo
Semcirebis
RonisZiebebi
muSaobis
usafrTxo
procedurebi,
romelic unda
gaiaros
kontraqtorma
Semcirebis
pasuxismgebloba
monitoringis
moTxovnebni
Mmonitoringze
Mmonitoringze
pasuxismgebloba
narCenebis
zegavlena
kontraqtori,
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia
usafrTxoebis
werilobiTi
procedurebis
sisworis
Semowmeba,
samuSaos
miznobrivi
Semowmeba
REP programa,
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
samsaxuri/
regionaluri
samsaxuri; REP
programa
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
mTeli narCeni
masala unda
inaxebodes
specialur,
dacul adgilas,
sanam moxdeba misi
gadatana
nagavsayrelze.
uaxloesi
nagavsayreli
samSeneblo
teritoriidan 50
km-s daSorebiT
mdebareobs
kontraqtori,
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia
miznobrivi
Semowmebaa
REP programa,
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
samsaxuri/
regionaluri
samsaxuri; REP
programa
mSeneblobis
kontraqtorebis
mier inergeba
marTvis
saukeTeso
praqtika
kontraqtori,
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia
mSeneblobis
adgilis
miznobrivi
Semowmeba
REP programa
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
narCenebi unda
gadaiyaros
specialurad
SerCeul
nagavsayarze
kontraqtori,
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia
miznobrivi
Semowmeba
REP programa,
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
samsaxuri; REP
programa
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
montaJi unda
daigegmos
mxolod kviris
Cveulebriv
samuSao dReebsa
da saaTebSi
kontraqtori,
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia
miznobrivi
Semowmeba
REP programa,
aWaris
regionaluri
samsaxuri REP
programa
zomieri –
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
RonisZieba
potenciuri
zegavlena
mdinareSi
Cadinebuli
wylis
mzardi
amRvreva
mniSvnelovneba
da warmoqmnis
albaToba
saSualo SesaZlo
Semcirebis
RonisZiebebi
mSeneblobis dros
wylis nakadis
dablokvis Tavidan
acileba, betonis
formebis gamoyeneba
niadagis magivrad,
rogorc nakadis
droebiTi gadineba
niadagis mdinaris
napirebze da mis auzSi
dagrovebis Tavidan
asacileblad. mdinaris
napirebze niadagis
zedapiris dabruneba
da ekosistemis sawyis
mdebareobaSi
dabruneba. reliefis
konturis aRdgena;
mSrali sezonebis
dros SekeTebiTi
samuSaoebis dagegmva.
naleqis damWeri
mowyobilobebi unda
ganTavsdes manamde,
sanam daiwyeba niadagis
destruqciis
RonisZiebebi.
Semcirebis
pasuxismgebloba
ba
pasuxismgeblo
REP Pprograma,
kontraqtori
monitoringis
moTxovnebni
Mmonitoringze
pasuxismgebloba
narCenebis
zegavlena
miznobrivi
Semowmeba
REP Pprograma,
aWaris
regionaluri
garemos dacvis
samsaxuri
saSualo SesaZlo
RonisZieba
potenciuri
zegavlena
mniSvnelovneb
a da
warmoqmnis
albaToba
Semcirebis
RonisZiebebi
mdinaris
dinebis
mzardi
erozia
saSualo SesaZlo
wylis dinebis
dablokvis
Tavidan acileba;
nakadis
mimarTulebis
droebiT
Sesacvlelad
niadagis magivrad
betonis blokebis
gamoyeneba,
niadagis
akumulirebis
Tavidan acileba;
SekeTebiTi
samuSaoebis
dagegmva mSrali
sezonisaTvis;
eroziis
kontrolis iseTi
zomebis miReba,
rogoricaa
paketireba
gaJonvis
sawinaaRmdegod;
mZime teqnikis
gamoyenebis
minimumamde
dayvana
mzardi
datborva
saSualo SesaZlo
samuSaoebis
dagegmva mSrali
sezonisaTvis
Semcirebis
pasuxismgebloba
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia,
REP programa,
kontraqtori
REP programa,
kontraqtori
monitoringis
moTxovnebni
Mmonitoringze
pasuxismgebloba
narCenebis
zegavlena
adgilis
miznobrivi
Semowmeba
REP programa,
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
samsaxuri
dabali –
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
adgilis
miznobrivi
Semowmeba,
dagegmili
Semowmeba,
REP programa,
aWaris soflis
meurneobis
regionaluri
melioracia
saSualo SesaZlo
RonisZieba
turbinis
wyalgamtaris
SekeTeba
eleqtrosadguris
modernizacia,
damxmare
aparaturis
Secvlis CaTvliT
potenciuri
zegavlena
mniSvnelovneb
a da
warmoqmnis
albaToba
Tevzeulsa da
maT gamravlebaze
zianis miyeneba
saSualo SesaZlo
narCeni masalebis
arasworad
gadayriT
gamowveuli
danagvianeba
(xiluli da sxva)
saSualo SesaZlo
Semcirebis
RonisZiebebi
migrirebuli
Tevzebis
gadadgilebis
organizeba;
Tevzis badeebis
dayeneba wylis
miwodebis arxsa
da turbines
gamwovSi maTi
moxvedris
Tavidan
asacileblad;
mdinareSi
ekologiuri
Cadinebis
minimumamde
dayvana
narCenebi unda
gadaiyaros
specialur
nagavsayarze
saSualo SesaZlo
muSebma unda
daemorCilon
usafrTxoebis
wesebs da
saWiroebis
SemTxvevaSi
ataron damcavi
mowyobilobebi
kontraqtoris
muSebis da sxva
personalis mier
muSaobis dros
miRebuli
tramvebi
saSualo SesaZlo
usafrTxod
muSaobis wesebi
unda daiweros da
daculi iyos
kontraqtoris
mier
kontraqtoris
muSebis da
saSualo SesaZlo
mTeli narCeni
masala unda
kontraqtoris
muSebis mier
samSeneblo
aparaturidan
miRebuli
tramvebi
Semcirebis
pasuxismgebloba
monitoringis
moTxovnebni
REP Pprograma,
kontraqtori
REP Pprograma,
Semdeg
operatorma
unda Caataros
perioduli
Semowmeba.
REP Pprograma,
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
samsaxuri
saSualo SesaZlo
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
aWarisregional
uri
regionaluri
samsaxuri, REP
programa,
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
samsaxuri/
regionaluri
samsaxuri, REP
programa
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
usafrTxoebis
werilobiTi
procedurebis
sisworis
Semowmeba,
samuSaos
miznobrivi
Semowmeba
REP Pprograma,
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati,
regionaluri
samsaxuri
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
aWaris
regionaluri
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
REP Pprograma,
kontraqtori
REP Pprograma,
kontraqtori
kontraqtorebi,
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia,
kontraqtori
Mmonitoringze
pasuxismgeblob
a
narCenebis
zegavlena
sxvebis mier
narCeni masalebis
saSiSad SenaxviT
miRebuli ziani
narCeni masalebis
araswori
gadayriT
gamowveuli
danagvianeba
(xiluli da sxva)
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati,
regionaluri
samsaxuri
inaxebodes
specialur
usafrTxo
adgilas sanam
moxdeba misi
gadatana
nagavsayarze.
saSualo SesaZlo
narCenebi unda
gadaiyaros
specialur
nagavsayarze
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia,
kontraqtori
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati,
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
RonisZieba
potenciuri
zegavlena
axlomaxlo
macxovrebelTa
da mflobelTa
Sewuxeba
eleqtrogayvani
lobis
montaJis dros
gamowveuli
xmauriT
misaqcielis
mcire hesis
aparaturis
funqcionire
ba
komutaciis
mniSvnelovneba
da warmoqmnis
albaToba
Semcirebis
RonisZiebebi
montaJi unda
daigegmos
mxolod kviris
Cveulebriv
samuSao dReebsa
da saaTebSi.
zomieri albaToba
mcire hesis
proeqtis
ganxorcielebi
s dros
niadagis da
wylis
danagvianeba
navTobiT
zomieri –
SesaZlebeli
Tevzis
gamravlebis
xelSeSla da
lifsitebis
mzardi
ganadgureba
zomieri dasaSvebi
ekosistemaze
zomieri -
aparatura unda
damontaJdes
mxolod
Sesabamisi
nagebobebis
farglebSi/
eleqtrosadgurS
i (da ara mis
gareT)
yoveldRiurad
unda Semowmdes
aparatura zeTis
gaJonvis Tavidan
asacileblad
adgilze
aparaturis
garecxva da
zeTis Secvla ar
unda moxdes
sadguris
datvirTva unda
Semcirdes raTa
minimumamde iqnas
dayvanili
mdinareSi
ekologiuri
Sedineba Tevzis
gamravlebis
sezonze;
Tevzamridi
badeebis dayeneba
turbines
wyalgamtarSi
Tevzis moxvedris
Tavidan
asacileblad
xazebis axali
Semcirebis
pasuxismgebloba
monitoringis
moTxovnebni
Mmonitoringze
pasuxismgebloba
narCenebis
zegavlena
xelvaCauris
samoqalaqo
organizacia,
kontraqtori
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
REP programa,
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati,
regionaluri
samsaxuri
REP programa,
kontraqtori
samuSaoebis
dawyebis
Semowmeba
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati,
regionaluri
samsaxuri
gulgrilob
a –
naklebad
SesaZlebel
i
teqnikuri
operatori
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati
mcire –
dasaSvebi
operatori
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati
mcire –
naklebad
SesaZlebel
i
operatori
perioduli
Semowmebebi
REP programa,
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati
naklebad
SesaZlebel
i
proeqtis
mSeneblobis
aWarisregionalu
naklebad
zomieri –
dasaSvebi
da
eleqtrogad
amcemi
xazebis
aRdgena
an cocxal
organizmebze
zianis miyeneba
axali
eleqtroboZebi
s dayenebiT
niadagis zeda
fenis dakargva,
romelic
iwvevs mis
erozias
dasaSvebi
zomieri albaToba
mimarTulebis
SerCeva
mgrZnobiare
cocxali
garemos
dasacavad
(aseTis
arsebobis
SemTxvevaSi
niadagis zeda
safaris da
gruntis
gancalkeveba
eleqtroboZebis
dayenebis dros;
niadagis zeda
safaris aRdgena
an Secvla
boZebis montaJis
Semdeg
konsultanti da
kontraqtori
kontraqtori
teritoriis da
saeqsploatacio
zonebis
regularuli
Semowmeba
gaTxrebis da
sxva zonebis
regularuli
Semowmeba
ri ekologiuri
inspeqtorati
SesaZlebel
i
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati
mcire –
dasaSvebi
RonisZieba
potenciuri
zegavlena
mSeneblobis
teritoriaze
niadagis da
wylis
danagvianeba
navTobiT
zomieri –
SesaZlebeli
xmauri sofelSi
zomieri –
namdvilad
xiluli
zegavlena
(xazebis
damontaJeba
zedapirze)
seriozuli namdvilad
teritoriaze
keTilmowyobis
saWiroebebis
Semcireba
eleqtrogad
amcemi
xazebis
dakavSireba
saxlebTan
da binebTan
mniSvnelovneb
a da
warmoqmnis
albaToba
mowamlviT
gamowveuli ziani
an gazis gaJonviT
gamowveuli
apeTqeba
saSualo SesaZlo
seriozuli dasaSvebi
seriozuli dasaSvebi
Semcirebis
RonisZiebebi
aparaturis
yoveldRiuri
Semowmeba zeTis
gaJonvis Tavidan
asacileblad
adgilze ar unda
moxdes
aparaturis
garecxva
samuSaoebi unda
Catardes mkacrad
kviris Cveulebriv
samuSao dReebsa
da saaTebSi.
xazebis ganlageba
miwis zedapirze
minimumamde unda
Semcirdes
xazebis montaJis
Semdeg unda
moxdes
ladSaftis da
mcenareuli
safaris aRdgena.
mxolod kargad
momzadebuli
personali unda
atarebdes
samontaJo
samuSaoebs
warmoebaSi
arsebuli
saukeTeso
praqtikis da
standartebis
gamoyenebiT.
mosaxleebs unda
daurigdes
usafrTxoebis
wesebi
yovel wells
momzadebulma
Semcirebis
pasuxismgebloba
monitoringis
moTxovnebni
Mmonitoringze
pasuxismgeblob
a
narCenebis
zegavlena
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati
mcire –
SesaZlo
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati
mcire –
SesaZlebeli
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
aWaris
regionaluri
ekologiuri
inspeqtorati
seriozuli –
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
dizainis
konsultanti
miznobrivi
Semowmebebi
regionaluri
ekologi
gulgriloba
– naklebad
SesaZlebeli
kontraqtori
gayvanilobis
dasrulebul
ubanze
Catarebuli
Cveulebrivi
Semowmebebi
regionaluri
ekologi
gulgriloba
– naklebad
SesaZlebeli
wyalmomaragebis
samsaxuri/
kontraqtori
maregulirebeli
organoebis mier
Catarebuli
Cveulebrivi
Semowmebebi
inspeqtori
maregulirebel
i organodan
seriozuli –
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
wyalmomaragebis
samsaxuri/
kontraqtori
Cveulebrivi
Semowmebebi
inspeqtori
maregulirebel
i organodan
wyalmomaragebis
zedamxedveluri
inspeqtori
maregulirebel
kontraqtori
kontraqtori
kontraqtori
seriozuli –
naklebad
SesaZlebeli
profesionalebma
unda Seamowmon,
gawmindon da
moargon
aparatura
samsaxuri/
kontraqtori
Semowmebebi
i organodan
3.
monitoringis gegma
monitoringis gegma warmoadgens rig kriteriumebs, romelTa mixedviTac Catardeba
monitoringi.
kriteriumi
Mmaregulirebeli
Sesabamisoba:
Sesabamisoba:
obieqti Seesabameba
nacionalur ekologiur,
janmrTelobis da
usafrTxoebis kanonebs da
regulaciebs.
aRwera
nagebobas gaaCnia yvela
saWiro nebarTva
saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobis
da regulaciebis
Sesabamisad.
monacemi
• proeqtis mflobelebma moipoves
mSeneblobisaTvis saWiro yvela
nebarTva da licenzia
(ekologiuri nebarTvis
CaTvliT).
• REP programam proeqtis
mflobelTan TanamSromlobiT
moamzada garemos programuli
Seswavla da ganaviTara proeqtis
sponsorebis (aSs-s
saerTaSoriso ganviTarebis
saagento da evropis
rekonstruqciis banki) mier
moTxovnili garemos marTvis
gegma.
wylis nakadi:
obieqtis minimumamde aqvs
dayvanili mdinareSi
ekologiuri Cadineba, rac
Sesabamisia arsebuli
Tevzebis samyarosaTvis,
cocxali bunebisa da wylis
xarisxisaTvis, wylis nakadis
doneebis dadgenisas wylis
sezonuri meryeobis
gaTvaliswinebiT.
•
•
arxis minimalurad sveli
perimetrebis SenarCuneba
yvela makontrolebel
struqturaSi, mTeli wlis
manZilze mdinareSi wylis
uwyveti CadinebiT
obieqtis funqcionireba
dagegmilia minimaluri
ekologiuri CadinebiT,
raTa SenarCundes
arsebuli garemo.
• proeqtis mflobelma moipova
wylis gamoyenebis nebarTva
• mdinare maWaxelas ekologursanitaruli xarji utoldeba
Qsan=2.0 m3/wm
• wylis Sedinebis donis
perioduli gazomva minimaluri
ekologiuri nakadis
SesanarCuneblad.
wylis xarisxi:
obieqtis funqcionireba
zians ar ayenebs wylis
xarisxs mis arc zemoT da
arc qvemoT.
obieqts minimaluri
zegavlena aqvs wylis
xarisxze (saTao nageboba,
arxi, wyalgamyvani mili da
wyalamwevi kaSxali).
hesis mSeneblobisas gamoiyeneba
marTvis saukeTeso praqtikebi.
obieqti mSeneblobis dasrulebis
Semdeg ar daazianebs wylis
xarisxs.
• TevzTa samyaro da misi
garemo minimalurad unda
dazaraldes;
• Segrovda informacia
adgilobriv da migrirebad
TevzTa saxeobebze;
• obieqti SeinarCunebs
TevzTa saxeobebs;
• proeqtis dizaini Seicavs
Tevzamrid badeebs;
Tevzis gatareba da dacva:
obieqti minimalur
zegavlenas axdens
adgilobriv TevzTa
samyaroze, efeqturad
atarebs TevzTa rogorc
adgilobriv, ise migrirebul
31
saxeobebs da icavs Tevzebs
gariyvisgan.
• obieqtis mSenebloba da
funqcionireba ar
SezRudavs Tevzebis
moZraobas, migracias da
gamravlebas;
• proeqtis dizaini Seicavs
garemoze zegavlenis Semcirebis
zomebs, raTa TevzTa dacvis
kriteriumi iyos daculi.
• nakadi gamwovi milis
wvemoT Seesabameba obieqtis
teritoriaze mcxovreb
wyalmcenareebs da
sanapiroze gavrcelebul
saxeobebs.
kriteriumi
aRwera
monacemi
wyalsacavis dacva:
obieqti uaryofiT gavlenas
ar axdens garemos pirobebze
wyalsacavSi.
• obieqti uaryofiT
gavlenas ar axdens mis
zemoT an qvemoT arsebul
ekosistemaze.
• obieqtis komponentebi da
infrasruqtura (mag.
misadgomi gzebi,
eleqtrogadamcemi xazebi
da generaciis obieqtebi)
minimaluri zegavlena aqvs
sanapiros garemoze.
• Catarda damatebiT
komponentebTan dakavSirebuli
zegavlenis Seswavla;
• Catarda zeda da wveda dinebis
zegavlenis Seswavla;
• Catarda zegavlenis Semcirebis
Sesabamisi zomebi, raTa daculi
yofiliyo kanonierebis
kriteriumebi.
monitoringi
onitoringis kategoriebi
safrTxis qveS myofi
myofi
saxeobebis dacva:
obieqti uaryofiT gavlenas
ar axdens romelime riskis
qveS myof saxeobaze maTi
usafrTxoebisTvis
gankuTvnil adgilebSi.
rekriacia:
rekriacia
obieqti ar aCerebs an
zRudavs mdinaris
• obieqti agebuli ar aris
dacul an mgrZnobiare
mdinareze;
• obieqti safrTxes ar uqmnis
da ar azianebs cocxal
arsebebs an safrTxis qveS
myofi saxeobebis
migrirebis marSruts;
• obieqti mniSvnelovan
gavlenas ar axdens
arsebul florasa da
faunaze.
obieqtidan wylis
narCenebamde misadgomi
ucvlelia d axels ar
• ganisazRvra mdinareze an mis
irgvliv arsebuli mgrZnobiare
an daculi adgilebi;
• ganisazRvra obieqtis
teritoriaze an mis qvemoT
arsebuli saSiSroebis an
safrTxis qveS myofi saxeobebi;
• REP ekologTa gundma Seafasa
obieqtis mosalodneli
zegavlena romelime msgavs
ubnebze an saxeobebze;
• proeqtis dizaini Seicavs
zegavlenis Semcirebis zomebs,
raTa daculi iyos kriteriumi.
adgilze mdinaris raime
rekriaciuli miznebisTvis
gamoyenebis gansazRvra da
32
rekriaciul gamoyenebas.
uSlis mdinaris
rekriaciul RonisZiebebs.
dasabuTeba imisa, rom obieqtis
ganviTarebiT ar moxdeba am
gamoyenebis SezRudva.
kulturuli sakiTxebi:
kulturuli memkvidreoba
gulisxmobs: arqeologiur
(winaistoriul),
paleonTologiur,
istoriul religiur da
unikalur bunebriv
faseulobebs. kulturuli
memkvidreoba moicavs wina
civilizaciis mier
datovebul unikalur
bunebriv Taviseburebebs
(mag. kanionebs da
CanCqerebs).
obieqtis mimdebare teritoriaze
ar aRmoCenila kulturuli
sanaxaobebi an faseulobebi.
obieqti arasasurvel
zegavlenas ar axdens
kulturul faseulobebze.
saTemo sakiTxebi:
obieqti ar amcirebs
mdinaris an mimdebare
teritoriis gamoyenebas
adgilobrivi sazogadoebis
mier.
obieqti ar uSlis an
zRudavs adgilobrivi
sazogadoebis mier mdinaris
gamoyenebas sazogadoebrivi
dasvenebisa da
irigaciisTvis.
• ganisazRvra mdinaris gamoyeneba
adgilobrivi sazogadoebis mier.
• obieqtis aSenebamde moxda
adgilobrivi mosaxleobiss
informireba da Catarda maTTan
konsultaciebi;
• moxda garemoze zegavlenis
Tavidan acilebis zomebis
SeTanxmeba, raTa daculi
yofiliyo kanonierebis
kriteriumi.
33
danarTi a. maWaxelas proeqtis teritoriis ekologiuri Seswavla
zogadi informacia
proeqtis saxelwodeba
maWaxelas mcire hesi
proeqtis kategoria
reabilitacia
mdebareoba (raioni/regioni)
regioni –aWara, xelvaCauris
raioni
sakuTrebis forma
kerZo (Sps bakuri)
arsebuli mimdebare teritoriis gamoyeneba
[ X ] soflis meurneoba
[ X]
sacxovrebeli [ X ] turizmi
[ ] samrewvelo
[X] satyeo miwa
[ X ] dawesebulebebis
[ ] komerciuli [ ] Ria
sivrceebi
[ ] sxva, gTxovT, daakonkretoT:
dadgmuli simZlavre (kvt)
1600 kv
proeqtis Rirebuleba (aSS dolarSi)
$ 600, 000
1) mTavari samSeneblo RonisZiebebi
aris Tu ara zegavlena Semdegi mizeziT?
struqturebis da Senobebis mSenebloba da
reabilitacia?
misasvleli gzebis mSenebloba da
reabilitacia?
gadamcemi xazebis mSenebloba da reabilitacia?
samSeneblo samuSaoebisTvis an mSeneblebis
sacxovreblad droebiTi gamoyenebuli
teritoriebis gamo?
mniSvnelovani riski, dakavSirebuli narCenebis
transportirebasTan?
narCenebis gadayris Seusabami mowyobilobebi?
maT Soris: danawevreba, arxis amoTxra an
niadagis amoReba > 1.0 heqtarze
geologiur safrTxesTan (gruntis
gadanacvleba, mewyrebi, gaTxevadeba,
arateqnikuri Sevseba da a.S.) axlos Catareba?
saWiroebs dagrovili niadagis da narCenebis
gadayras >1.0 tona?
maRali xarisxis safermo niadagis dakargvas
iwvevs > 10 heqtarze
saWiroebs saSiSi da saxifaTo SenaerTebis, mag:
navTobis, SesazeTi nivTierebis, qimikatebis,
gamoyenebas? (gTxovT, miuTiToT)
mSenebloba
diax
eqspluatacia
eqspluatacia da
movla
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
diax
34
esaWiroeba zeTis/SesazeTi nivTierebis
Segroveba da gadasayreli sistema?
avtomobilebis mimosvlis zrda > 20% an didi
sacobebis gamowveva?
iwvevs an xels uwyobs usafrTxoebis
darRvevebs?
xalxis da transportis garkveuli
reodenobisTvis sagangebo misasvlelis
arseboba?
Qmnis didi raodenobiT narCenebs mSeneblobis,
funqcionirebis an eqsploataciidan gamoyvana?
moicavs qmedebebs, romlebic pizikur
cvlilebebs gamoiwvevs adgilobriv garemoSi
(topografia, niadagis gamoyeneba, cvlilebebi
wyalsacavSi da a.S.)
diax
diax
diax
diax
diax
diax
ara
ara
diax
ara
diax
diax
2) geologia da niadagebi
aris Tu ara zegavlena Semdegi mizeziT?
miwisZvris, qanebis CamoSlis, mewyeris an
eroziis?
qanebis daSlis?
qariT an wyliT gamowveuli eroziis an
daleqvis donis gamo?
zedmeti niadagis an narCeni masalis marTvis
gamo (samTo samuSaoebisgan)?
adgilobrivi garemos fizikuri degradaciis
gamo?
mSenebloba
ara
eqspluatacia
eqspluatacia
da movla
diax
diax
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
mSenebloba
diax
eqspluatacia
eqspluatacia
da movla
ara
ara
ara
diax
diax
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
diax
3) wylis resursebi
aris Tu ara zegavlena Semdegi mizeziT?
kanalizaciaSi, wylis zedapirze, miwisqveSa
wylebSi, sanapiro wylebSi an zRvaSi niadagis
an wylis danagvianebis saSiSroeba?
gaJonva zedapiris gamagrebiT, an mwvane safaris
mier Sewovis unaris dakargvis Sedegad?
wyaldidoba an eqstremaluri an mavne
klimaturi pirobebi?
gaJonvis Sewovis unari?
datborvis sibrtyeebis Secvla?
zedapiruli, niadagis an komunaluri wylis
moculoba?
safrTxe hidrologiuri funqcionirebisadmi
wylis arsebuli an Secvlili gaSvebiT?
zedapirul an niadagis wyalis gamoyeneba an
35
masSi CaRvra?
saSiSroeba datborvis arsebuli an Secvlili
struqturis gamo?
mdinareebis, nakadulebis, tbebis, Waobebis,
kaSxlebis an kunZulebis konservaciuli an
rekriaciuli gamoyeneba?
saSiSroeba arsebuli an Secvlili
gamonabolqvis gamo?
safrTxe arsebuli an Secvlili amRvrevis
gamo?
riski wylis dagrovebisa arsebuli an
Secvlili sasoflo-sameurneo
daniSnulebebisTvis?
saSiSroeba arsebuli an Secvlili qimiuri
procesebis an sakvebi nivTierebebis balansis
gamo?
safrTxe naleqebis an Slamis daleqvis
arsebobiT an SecvliT?
arsebuli an gadakeTebuli kanalizaciis
sistemiT gamowveuli cvlilebebi?
mSeneblobis farglebSi an misgan 30 metrSi
ganlagebuli mdinare, nakaduli an tba?
nayaris an xreSis amoReba an Cayra mdinareSi,
nakadulsa Tu tbaSi?
adgilze Txevadi sawvavebis an saxifaTo
masalebis masiurad Senaxva?
wylis nakadis Semcirebam SeiZleba gamoiwvios
wyaldidobis reJimis Secvla da Waobis
dazianeba?
Cadinebuli wylis nakadis Semcireba SeiZleba
uaryofiTad aisaxos Camodinebuli wylis
momxmareblebze (adamianebi, Tevzeuli da
cocxali buneba)?
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
diax
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
diax
diax
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
4) biologiuri resursebi
aris Tu ara zegavlena Semdegi mizeziT?
mniSvnelovani, maRali xarisxis an mwiri resursebi,
romlebzec proeqti SeiZleba uaryofiTad aisaxos?
mdebareoba dacul teritoriaze an cocxali
arsebebis gasasvlel koridorSi?
Waobis macxovrebelTa datborva?
gadasarCeni, iSviaTi an riskis qveS myofi
mcenareTa saxeobebi?
mwvane safaris mravalferovneba?
sakonservacio an samecniero mniSvnelobis
mcenareebis arseboba?
arsebuli saxeobebis bunebrivi Sevseba?
mSenebloba
ara
eqspluatacia
da movla
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
36
sawvavi xis maragi?
biologiuri resursebis gadaxarjva?
gadasarCeni, iSviaTi an riskis qveS myofi
cxovelebi?
cxovelTa samyaros mravalferovneba?
saxeobaTa bunebrivi migracia?
ucxo saxeobebis danergva?
adgilobrivi saxeobebis an genetikuri
mravalferovnebis dakargva?
mcenareebis ganadgureba an mSenebloba Waobis an
sanapiro teritoriaze > 1.0 heqtari?
pesticidebis (mRnelebis, mwerebis da mcenareebis)
gamoyeneba > 1.0 heqtari?
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
mSenebloba nakrZalSi an mis mimdebare
teritoriaze?
wylis nakadis Semcireba, ramac SeiZleba
gamoiwvios datborvis reJimis Secvla da Waobis
ganadgureba?
Cadinebuli wylis nakadis Semcireba SeiZleba
uaryofiTad aisaxos Camodinebuli wylis
momxmareblebze (adamianebi, Tevzeuli da cocxali
buneba)?
wyalCamSvebi miliT gamowveuli erozia
sanapiroze, iq sadac wyali dinebas ubrundeba?
ekologiuri an komerciuli mniSvnelobis floris
an faunis arseboba?
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
diax
5) sociosocio-ekonomikuri resursebi
aris Tu ara zegavlena Semdegi mizeziT?
SemoTavazebuli proeqtis mimdebare teritoriaze
arsebuli dasaxlebebi?
proeqtis zegavlena niadagis gamoyenebaze
uSualod mis teritoriaze an SemogarenSi?
midamoebi proeqtis teritoriaze an SemogarenSi,
sadac ukve aris gamonabolqvi da ziandeba
ekologia?
niadagis gamoyenebis, misi safaris an topografiis
mudmivi an droebiTi cvla, miwis gamoyenebis
intensiurobis zrdis CaTvliT?
proeqtis teritoriaze an mis axlos ganlagebuli
cosialuri infrastruqturebi (mag. skolebi,
samkurnalo centrebi, klinikebi, sakulto adgilebi
da sxv.)?
bunebrivi katastrofebis (mag. wyaldidobebi,
miwisZvrebi, meyerebi da a.S.) zona?
proeqtis miReba sazogadoebis (Temi, mTavroba da
arasamTavrobo organizaciebi) mier?
mSenebloba
diax
eqspluatac
eqspluatac
ia da movla
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
diax
diax
37
nagavsayreli adgilis xiluli an uxilavi
zegavlena?
obieqtze momxdarma avariam SeiZleba safrTxe
Seuqmnas sazogadoebas da adgilobriv garemos?
SesaZlo konfliqti mimdebare teritoriis
mflobelebTan?
arsebul kodeqsebTan, gegmebTan, nebarTvebTan an
mSeneblobis parametrebTan?
mSenebloba nacionalur parkSi an sarekriacio
zonaSi?
6 TviT (an metiT) >10 adamianis gadaadgileba?
6 TviT (an metiT) >10 adamianisTvis saWiro
komunaluri and municipaluri momsaxureobis
Sewyveta?
mineraluri an araganaxlebadi resursebis dakargva
an araefeqturi gamoyeneba?
xmauris doneebi > 5 decibelze 3 an meti Tvis
manZilze?
xiluli uaryofiTi zegavlena mimdebare peizaJTan
SedarebiT?
uaryofiTi zegavlena momavalSi miwis gamoyenebaze
adgilze an mis axlos?
aris Tu ara adgilze an mis axlos iseTi mWidrod
dasaxlebuli ubnebi, romelzec proeqtma SeiZleba
iqonios uaryofiTi zegavlena?
bevri xalxisTvis zedmetad xiluli?
proeqtis Sedegad gamoiwvevs axal proeqts (mag.
sacxovrebeli saxlebi, axali gzebi, damxmare
sakomunikacio nagebobebi da a.S.?
mzardi uaryofiTi zegavlena msgavsi efeqtis mqone
arsebul an dagegmil proeqtebTan?
socialuri cvlilebebi, magaliTad, demografia,
tradiciuli cxovrebis wesebi da dasaqmeba?
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
diax
diax
mSenebloba
ara
eqspluatac
eqspluatac
ia da movla
ara
ara
ara
6) kulturis sakiTxebi
aris Tu ara zegavlena Semdegi mizeziT?
winaistoriuli, istoriuli an paleontologiuri
resursebi mSnebelobis irgvliv 30 metris
radiusze?
unikaluri kulturuli an eTnikuri faseulobebi
proeqtis adgilze?
7) sazogadoebis janmrTelobis sakiTxebi
moaxdens Tu ara proeqti uaryofiT gavlenas?
gavlenas?
mSenebloba
eqspluatacia
eqspluatacia
da movla
38
adamianTa da sa sazogadoebis janmrTeloba an
keTildReoba?
adamianebis mier gamoyenebuli haeris, wylis,
sakvebis da sxva produqtebis xarisxi an
toqsikuroba?
gamonabolqvis gamo adamianebis, sazogadoebis an
mosaxleobis daavadeba an sikvdilianoba?
daavadebebis gadamtanTa (maT Soris mwerebis)
gaCena an gavrceleba?
adamianebis, sazogadoebis an mosaxleobis
daavadebebisagan dacvis xarisxi?
adamianTa mier piradi usafrTxoebis SegrZneba?
sazogadoebis erTianoba da identifikacia?
kulturuli identifikacia da asociaciebi?
umciresobaTa uflebebi?
sacxovrebeli pirobebi?
dasaqmeba da misi xarisxi?
ekonomikuri pirobebi?
sazogadoebrivi dawesebulebebi?
gamoiwvevs incindentebs, romlebmac SeiZleba
uaryofiTi zegavlena iqonios adamianTa
janmrTelobaze da bunebaze?
- afeTqebebisgan, gaJoinvebisgan, xanZrisgan da
a.S.?
- saSiSi an toqsikuri nivTierebebis Senaxvis,
gamoyenebis an warmoebis gamo?
garemos dazianebis gamomwvevi bunebrivi
kataklizmebis (mag, wyaldidobebi, miwisZvrebi,
mewyerebi da sxva) gavlenis qveS moxvedra?
daucav adamianTa jgufi (mag, saavadmyofos
pacientebi da moxucebi), romlebzec SeiZleba
uaryofiTad imoqmedos proeqtma?
diax
diax
ara
ara
diax
diax
ara
diax
ara
diax
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
diax
diax
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
diax
diax
diax
diax
diax
diax
diax
ara
diax
diax
diax
mSenebloba
diax
eqspluatacia
eqspluatacia
da movla
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
8) haeris xarisxi
aris Tu ara zegavlena Semdegi mizeziT?
haeris danagvianeba gamonabolqviT proeqtis
teritoriaze?
garemos dacvis da haeris gamonabolqviT
danagvianebis standartebis darRveva?
avtomobilebis sacobi mSeneblobis an
funqcionirebis dros?
mSeneblobisTvis saWiro ngreva an Caberva?
suni mSeneblobis an funqcionirebis dros?
mikroklimatis Secvla?
gamonabolqvis an raime saSiSi, toqsikuri an
Sxamiani nivTierebebis gaSveba haerSi?
- stacionaluri an mobiluri mowyobilobebidan
39
-
wiariseuli sazvavis wviT gamowveuli
gamonabolqvi?
gamoyenebuli masalebis SenaxviT an
transportirebiT gamowveuli gamonabolqvi?
samSeneblo samuSaoebiT (sadguris da
aparaturis CaTvliT) gamowveuli gamonabolqvi?
samSeneblo masalebiT, kanalizaciiT da
narCenebiT gamowveuli mtveri an suni?
gaSlil adgilas nagvis (mag. namtvrebi masalis
an mSeneblobis narCenebis) wviT gamowveuli
gamonabolqvi?
diax
ara
ara
ara
diax
ara
diax
ara
ara
a
ra
9) xmauri da vibracia
aris Tu ara zegavlena Semdegi mizeziT?
xmauri, vibracia an sinaTlis, saTbobi energiis an
eleqtromagnituri radiaciis gamoyofa?
-
-
aparaturis funqcionirebis (mag. motoris,
vintilaciis saTavsos damqucmaceblis xmauris)
gamo?
mSeneblobisgan an ngrevisgan?
Cabervisgan an gruntis Cavardnisgan?
mSeneblobis an transportis moZraobis gamo?
eleqtromagnituri radiaciis wyaroebidan?
mSenebloba
eqspluatacia
eqspluatacia
da movla
movla
diax
diax
diax
diax
diax
ara
diax
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
40
danarTi b. fizikuri da socio-ekonomikuri garemo
fizikuri garemo
geologia
sofeli qed-qedi ganlagebulia mdinare maWaxelaswyalze (mdinare Woroxis auzSi),
romelic mdebareobs dasavleT saqarTveloSi, aWaraSi. am raions esazRvreba Savi
zRva (dasavleTiT), guriis raioni (CrdioeTiT), samcxe-javaxeTi (aRmosavleTiT) da
TurqeTi (samxreTiT). olqis mTavar orografiul segments warmoadgens mesxeTis,
seSeis da arsianis qedi (saSualo simaRle zRvis donidan 2 000-dan 2 500 metramde
meryeobs). qobuleTi-Caqvis qedi aWaras or ZiriTad nawilad yofs - sanapiro zolad
da mTian zolad. geologiuri TvalsazrisiT, regioni agebulia Sua da zeda
eocenuri (saqarTvelos atlasi, 1964w) vulkanuri fenebiT.
geologiuri safrTxe
seismologiis mxriv, Sesaswavli teritoria MKS Skalaze “SvidianiT” (7) aris
Sefasebuli (saqarTvelos seismuri riskebi Sefasebis ruqa, 2006w). Zlieri
anTropogenuri gavlenis gamo (tyis Wra) regionSi mewyeris da talaxis niaRvrebis
mzardi tendencia arsebobs. mewyers umetesad adgili aqvs regionis saSualo mTian
zonaSi (monitoringisa da prognozebis departamenti, 2005w).
niadagebi
regionSi niadagebi gansxvavdeba zRvis donidan simaRlis da specifikuri
adgilmdebareobis mixedviT. viwro sanapiro dafarulia qviSiani da qviSian-aluviuri
niadagiT. regionis zogierT nawilSi gvxvdeba Waobis da mdelos aluviuri Waobis
niadagebi. zeda mTian nawilSi wiTelmiwa niadagebi dominirebs (saqarTvelos
niadagebis tipebis ruka, 1999w ).
klimati.
adgilobrivi klimati ganpirobebulia Savi zRvis siaxloviT da orografiuli
garemoebebiT. vinaidan adgilze ar arsebobs meteorologiuri sadgurebi,
temperaturuli reJimis monacemebi grovdeba meteorologiuri sadgurebis
mravalwliani dakvirvebebis Sedegad (kapandiba da Carnali) romlebic mimdebare
teritoriazea.
saSualo wliuri da Tviuri haeris temperature da eqstremaluri temperatura
cxrilSia mocemuli:
cxrili 1. saSualo Tviuri, wliuri da eqstremaluri temperaturebi
Carnali
Mmete
o
sadgu
ri
temperat
ura
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VII
I
IX
X
XI
XII
weli
saSualo
5.7
5.9
7.7
11.2
15.0
18.5
20.
9
21.5
18.8
16.1
12.0
8.6
13.5
Absolut
uri
maqsimumi
24
26
31
36
37
40
41
43
37
34
30
28
43
41
kapandiba
Absolut
uri
minimumi
saSualo
Absolutur
i maqsimumi
Absolutur
i minimumi
-10
-10
-8
-2
2
9
11
12
6
2
-4
-7
-10
6.5
6.8
8.9
12.2
16.2
20.
0
22.5
22.7
19.8
16.5
12.5
8.8
14.4
24
28
32
38
38
40
40
41
39
36
30
29
41
-8
-8
-7
-1
3
10
13
13
6
2
-3
-6
-8
wliuri saSualo naleqianoba maRalia, da aRwevs 2000 mm-s. Tovli dekembris 25 dan
modis da dneba 29 dReSi 17 martisTvis. mravalwliani dakvirvebis Sedegad, qaris
maqsimaluri saSualo wliuri siCqare 7.9m.wm-Sia qanadibas maxloblad zamTris
sezonze (XII-I).
hidrologia
maWaxelas mdinaris wyaro mdebareobs mereTis mTis samxreT qedebze 2662 metr
simaRleze. md. maWaxela saTaves iRebs TurqeTSi da Seedineba md. WoroxSi marjvena
Senakadidan 2200 metrze sofel maWaxelasTan, saqarTveloSi.
mdinaris sigrZea 37 km; auzis farTobi 369 km2, mdinaris reJimi xasiaTdeba
wyaldidobiT gazafxulze, uxvi wyliT Semodgomaze da arastabiluri dabali doniT
zafxulSi da SedarebiT dabal stabiluri doniT zamTarSi.
mcenareuli safari
soflis mimdebare teritoria warmodgenilia ramsaris Warbteniani sistemis
ramodenime tipiT: F,E,K,L,M,N,R,Y,1,4,9 (Woroxis deltis menejmentis gegma, 2006).
uaxloes momavalSi dagegmilia sofeli qed-qedidan daaxloebiT 10 kilometris
daSorebiT mdebare mtiralas mTis daculi teritoriis dafuZneba (daculi
teritoriebis ruka, 2005), Tumca es jer ar aris realoba.
adgilobrivi ekosistema mniSvnelovnadaa Secvili anTropogenuli zemoqmedebiT
(Worxis deltis menejmentis gegma, 2006). adgilobrivi flora warmodgenilia Semdegi
formaciebiT: Trapeta-Ti, LIunceta Parviunceta, Hydrophyta herbosa, Hydatophytes,
Ceratophullata demers, and Hygrophyta fruticosa (Worxis deltis menejmentis gegma, 2006).
sofeli qed-qedi garSemortymulia kolxuri tipis tyiT, sadac dominanti saxeobebia:
Cveulebrivi wabli (Castanea sativa), wifeli (Fagus orientalis), Tela (Ulmus foliacea),
nekerCxali (Acer campestre). qvetyeSi dominirebs maradmwvane Sqeri (Rhododendron
ponticum), qvetye mdidaria lianebiT, mayvlis gavrcelebuli saxeobebia Rubus
anatolicus da Rubus hirtus teritoriaze vxvdebiT aseve saxeobebs, romlebic Setanilia
saqarTvelos wiTel nusxaSi, kerZod: leRvi (Ficus carica) da xarTuTa (Morus nigra).
mdelos mcenareuloba ZiriTadad warmodgenilia meoreuli cenozebiT, adventiuri
saxeobebis dominantobiT: lakartia (Paspalum thunbergii), msuqana (Sedum stoloniferum),
mwvane marwyvi (Fragaria viridis), nigvzisZira (Geum urbanum), yviTeli ionja (Medicago
falcate), samyura (Trifolium subterranum), SabTari (Trifolium resupinatum), TeTri samyura
(Trifolium repens), kurdRlisfrCxila (Lotus corniculatus), qona (Ranunculus chius), da sxva
(naxucriSvili, g., 1999).
42
ZuZumwovrebi
sofeli qed-qedis SemogarenSi gvxvdeba: maCvi (Meles meles), mela (Vulpes vulpes) tura
(Canis aureus), da sxvadasxva saxeobis mcire zomis ZuZumwovrebi: Selkovnikovis
wylis biga (Neomys shelkownikowi), kbilTeTra (Crocidura spp.), rades ruxkbila (Sorex
raddei), kavkasiuri Txunela (Talpa caucasica) (Woroxis deltis marTvis gegma, 2006).
frinvelebi
xelvaCauris raionis teritoria frinvelTa saxeobebis gansakuTrebuli
mravalferovnebiT gamoirCeva – daaxloebiT 40 saxeobis mobudari, 30 saxeobis
mozamTre, 50 saxeobis migranti da 30 saxeobamde araregularulad gadamfreni
frinveli. maT Soris: SavCiCaxva Rorixva (Gavia arctica), wiTelCiCaxva Rorixva (Gavia
stellata), ruxloyeba kokona (Podiceps grisegena), Savyela kokona (Podiceps nigricollis),
mcire kokona (Tachybaptus Rufficollis), wiTelniskarta gedi (Cygnus olor),
yviTelniskarta gedi (Cygnus cygnus), ruxi bati (Anser anser), didi TeTrSubla bati
(Anser albifrons), gareuli ixvi (Anas platyrhynchos), farTocxvira ixvi (Anas clypeata),
stvenia ixvi (Anas crecca), WaxWaxa ixvi (Anas querquedula), qoCora yvinTia (Aythya
fuligula), wiTelTava yvinTia (Aythya ferina), ruxi yanCa (Ardea cinerea), qarci yanCa (Ardea
purpurea), mcire TeTri yanCa (Egretta garzetta), mcire da didi wylis buRa (Ixobrichus
minutus; Botaurus stellaris), iveosi (Plegadis falcinellus), Jero (Platalea leucorodia), velis
mercxala (Glareola nordmanni), oCofexa (Himantopus himantopus), goWa (Gallinago media),
didi kronSnepi (Numenius arquata), Waobis Zelqori (Circus aeruginosus), alkuni (Alcedo
atthis) (Jordania r, boeme r, kuznetsovi a, 1999).
amfibiebi da reptiliebi
xelvaCauris raionSi gvxvdeba: vasaka (Hyla arborea), tboris bayayi (Rana ridibunda),
Cveulebrivi tritoni (Triturus vulgaris), boxmeWa (Anguis fragilis). aseve vxvdebiT gvelis
Semdeg saxeobebs: Cveulebrivi da wylis ankarebi (Natrix natrix & N. tesselata), eskulapis
mcuravi (Elaphe longissima). mardi xvliki (Lacerta agilis) raionSi yvelaze xSirad
gavrcelebuli saxeobaa. teritoriaze binadrobs mcireaziuri tritoni (Triturus
vittatus) da Turquli xvliki (Darevskia clarcorum; IUCN wiTeli nusxa, kategoriagadaSenebis safrTxis winaSe myofi) (kolxeTis deltis menejmentis gegma, 2006).
Tevzis resursebi
1990 wlebis monacemebis mixedviT, mdinare maWaxelas wyalSi binadrobs Savi zRvis
oraguli (Salmo fario morpha labrax, saqarTvelos wiTeli nusxa, erovnuli statusimowyvladi). aqve unda aRiniSnos, rom 90-iani wlebis Semdeg kvlevebi mdinare
maWaxelas wyalze ar Catarebula, Sedegad ucnobia aRniSnuli Tevzis populaciis
mdgomareoba.
Mmdinare maWaxelas wyalSi aseve vxvdebiT Tevzis Semdeg saxeobebs: kalmaxi (Salmo
fario Setanilia saqarTvelos wiTel nusxaSi, erovnuli statusi-mowyvladi), wvera
(Barbus tauricus escherichi), kobri (Alburnoides jetteles) (elaniZe, r., 1988). cxrilSi 5-13
mocemulia mdinare maWaxelas wyalSi gavrcelebuli Tevzis saxeobebis gamravlebis
periodebi:
cxrili 55-13.
13. mdinare maWaxelas wyalSi gavrcelebuli Tevzis saxeobebis
gamravlebis periodi
Saxeoba
Ggamravlebis
43
periodi
Savi zRvis oraguli
kobri
wvera
Kkalmaxi
seqtemberi-noemberi
aprili-agvisto
maisi-agvisto
seqtemberioqtomberi
sociosocio-ekonomikuri garemo
mosaxleoba da dasaxleba
maWaxelas sakrebulo 10 soflisgan Sedgeba, sadac 669 ojaxi da 3 269 suli
cxovrobs. mosaxleobis umravlesoba musulmania. (alioSa kaxiZe, maWaxelas
sakrebulos Tavmjdomare).
miwis gamoyeneba
xelvaCauris raionSi moxmarebuli miwis saerTo farTi sul 5 113 heqtars Seadgens.
aqedan 92% kerZo sakuTrebaa, xolo 7,1% saxelmwifo sakuTrebaa. sasoflo-sameurneo
daniSnulebis miwa sul 4 540 ha-s Seadgens; aqedan, 1 518 ha saxnavi miwaa, 2 978ha
mudmivi saTesi miwebia, erTi heqtari daculi miwaa, xolo 44 ha mudmivi saZovrebi da
mindvrebia. mudmiv saTes miwebs Seadgens: citrusis plantaciebi (2 629 ha), venaxi (3
ha), xexilis baRebi (37ha) da kenkrovani (2 ha). (alioSa kaxiZe, maWaxelas sakrebulos
Tavmjdomare).
xelvaCauris raionSi daaxloebiT 24 400 Tavi msxvili rqosani saqoneli, 1 800 cxvari
da Txa aris.
Semosavali da dasaqmeba
Temis absoluturi umravlesoba TviTdasaqmebazea da ZiriTadad sasoflo-sameurneo
saqmianobas misdevs. orasi adamiani iRebs xelfass; aqedan, 15 mcire HhesSia
dasaqmebuli.
socialuri infrastruqtura
TemSi aris ori sasauzme, erTi jixuri da xuTi sasursaTo maRazia. Tems gaaCnia 10
saSualo skola, sami sasoflo klubi, erTi biblioTeka da erTi muzeumi. erTi
ambulatoriuli klinika mSeneblobis procesSia. (alioSa kaxiZe, maWaxelas
sakrebulos Tavmjdomare).
Tems eleqtroenergiis miwodebis ori wyaro gaaCnia: 1) hidro eleqtro sadguri
(pirdapiri miwodeba) da 2) aWaris energo kompania. Tems gazis miwodebis sistema ar
gaaCnia. energiis alternatiuli wyaroa navTi, SeSa, benzini da generatori. (alioSa
kaxiZe, maWaxelas sakrebulos Tavmjdomare).
sasmeli wylis centraluri sistema TemSi ar arsebobs. mosaxleobis umetesoba
wyaros wyals iyenebs. (alioSa kaxiZe, maWaxelas sakrebulos Tavmjdomare).
Tems kveTs gza, romelic mTavari adgilobrivi arteriaa da 40 km sigrZisaa. soflis
Sida gzebis sigrZe 20 km-s Seadgens. gzebi ar aris mokirwyluli. (alioSa kaxiZe,
maWaxelas sakrebulos Tavmjdomare).
44
danarTi g. maWaxelas mcire hesis mimdebare teritoriis geologiuri
Sefaseba
winasityveoba
programis “energetikis ganviTareba soflad” Sesavali nawilis Sesabamisad,
inJinerTa jgufma moaxdina md. maWaxelaze mdebare hesis mSeneblobis teritoriis
vizualuri Semowmeba da gadaxeda 2002 wels “”saqarTvelos energetikosTa
asociaciis” mier igive samSeneblo teritoriis geoteqnikuri Seswavlis Sedegebs.
damoukidebel inJinerTa jgufma Caatara geoteqnikuri gamokvleva maWaxelas hes-ze.
mdinare maWaxelas wylis nimuSebis analizi adgilze ganxorcielda.
geologiuri da hidrologiuri Tvisebebi
mdinare maWaxeliswyali saTaves iRebs TurqeTis teritoriaze, mTa mereTas
(2662.7m) samxreT kalTebze arsebuli wyaroebis SeerTebiT 2200 metrze zRvis
donidan, erTvis mdinare Woroxs marjvena mxridan saqarTvelos teritoriaze
sofel maWaxelasTan.
mdinaris sigrZe 37 km-ia, auzis farTobi 369 km2. saqarTvelos teritoriaze
mdinaris sigrZe 21 km-ia. am monakveTze misi ZiriTadi Senakadia md. skurdidi,
sigrZiT 11 km, sxva Senakadebis sigrZe 5-6 km-s ar aRemateba.
auzis reliefi mTiania, xasiaTdeba konturebis simkveTriT. calkeul adgilebSi
gaSiSvlebuli mwvervalebis simaRle 800-1000 metrs aRwevs xeobis fskeridan.
xeobis kalTebi Zalze cicabo da danawevrebulia. auzis geologiur
agebulebaSi monawileobas iReben qviSaqvebi, mergelebi da axalgazrda
vulkanuri qanebi bazaltebis, andazitebis da porfiritebis saxiT. ZiriTadi
qanebi dafarulia mTamdelos niadagebiT. auzi 2000-2200 metris zeviT
dafarulia alpuri balaxeuliT, romelic qvemoT icvleba Sereuli tyiT. auzis
qveda nawilSi gvxvdeba baRebi da saxnavebi.
mdinaris xeoba saqarTvelos teritoriaze V-es magvaria. xeobis fskeris sigane
meryeobs 60-dan 130 metramde. xeobis kalTebi erwymis mimdebare qedebis
ferdobebs. mdinaris Wala gvxvdeba mxolod SesarTavTan. misi sigrZe 5-6 km-ia,
sigane 40-50 metri, xolo simaRle 0.5 metri. wyaldidobis periodSi Wala
ifareba 0.3-0.5 metris simaRlis wylis feniT.
mdinaris kalapoti saxelmwifo sazRvridan 1.5-2.0 km-is qvemoT itoteba da qmnis
10 metris siganis da 20 metris sigrZis xreSian kunZulebs. mdinaris nakadis
sigane meryeobs 10-dan 16 metramde, siRrme0.4-dan 0.8 metramde, xolo siCqare 0.50.8m/wm-dan 2.5 m/wm-mde. nakadis fskeri arasworia, dafarulia didi zomis qvebiT
da xreSiT. mdinaris napirebi xreSiani da advilad Sladia, calkeul adgilebSi
kldovania.
mdinare sazrdoobs Tovlis, wvimis da gruntis wylebiT. gruntis wylebis roli
mdinaris sazrdoobaSi meorexarisxovania. mdinaris wylianobis reJimi
xasiaTdeba gazafxulis wyaldidobiT, Semodgomis wyalmovardnebiT, zafxulis
aramdgradi da zamTris SedarebiT mdgradi wyalmcirobiT. gazafxulze
Camoedineba wliuri Camonadenis 35%, zafxulSi - 18%, Semodgomaze - 28% da
zamTarSi - 19%.
45
mdinaris Camonadenze dakvirvebebi mimdinareobda 1941 wlidan 1990 wlamde
maWaxelahesis saderivacio arxis saTave nagebobis siaxloves sof. sandieTTan.
mdinare gamoiyeneba mxolod energetikuli daniSnulebiT.
saqarTvelos arqiteqturisa da mSeneblobis saministros 42 brZanebis (7 ivnisi,
1991) sareabilitacio farTobi ekuTvnis 6 balian seismur zonas saqarTvelos
seismuri zonirebis rukis Tanaxmad.
3. sareabilitacio farTobis geoteqnikuri maxasiaTeblebi
Sesaswavli ubani moicavs mdinare maWaxelas Walas da Walis mimdebare
teritorias.
vizualuri daTvalierebiT gamoyofili iqna fxvieri SeukavSirebuli tipis
grunti, sainJinro geologiur elementad (sge-1).
sge–1 kenWnari 30%, xreSi 20%, 15%-mde kaWaris CanarTebiT, 35%
wvrilmarcvlovani qviSa-qviSnaris SemavsebliT.
hesis mimdebare teritoria zedapiridan agebulia aluviuri genezisis kargad
damuSavebuli kenWnariT da xreSovani masaliT, mdinaris WalaSi gruntebis (sge1) granulometriuli Semadgenlobis dasadgenad gayvanilia ori mcire siRrmis
(0.5m) Surfi. Surfebidan aRebuli gruntebis granulometriuli analizis
Sedegebi, mocemulia cxrili 3. aqve mocemulia sge-1 granulometriuli
Semadgenlobis saSualo mniSvnelobebi, saidanac Cans rom, kaWari aris 9.71%,
kenWnari 16.68%, xreSi 40.51%, qviSa 23.17%, mtveri 9.67% da Tixis fraqciis
raodenoba Seadgens 0.26%.
aRebuli wylis nimuSi Seswavlili iqna laboratoriulad. laboratoriuli
analizis Sedegi mocemulia cxrilSi 4.
aRebuli wyali hidrokarbonatul, sulfatur, kalciumian magniumiania. wyali
uferoa da usuno, gemo balebSi aris 0. saerTo sixiste 2.81 mg-eqv.
agresiulobis mixedviT wyali ar avlens agresiul Tvisebebs (cxrili 3 da 4)
daskvnebi da rekomendaciebi
1. Sesrulebuli sainJinro-geologiuri da laboratoriuli samuSaoebis
safuZvelze gamoyofili iqna 1 sainJinro geologiuri elementi:
2. Seswavlil ubanze sainJinro geologiuri procesebidan gvxvdeba
gverdiTi da siRrmuli eroziuli procesebi;
3. geologiuri procesebidan (mewyeri, Svavi da sxva) raime saxifaTo
procesi ar fiqsirdeba.
4. gruntis wyali ar avlens agresiul Tvisebebs;
5. saqarTvelos teritoriis seismuri daraionebis mixedviT samSeneblo
moedani Sedis 6-7 baliani miwisZvrebis zonaSi;
6. reabilitaciis dros sasurvelia adgilze inJiner-geologis daswreba,
raTa saWiroebis SemTxvevaSi droulad iqnas Setanili koreqtivebi.
7. aucileblad migvaCnia napirsamagri samuSaoebis Catareba, momavalSi rogorc
ZiriTadi aseve xazovani nagebobis eroziuli procesebisagan dasacavad; amis Tavidan
asacileblad rekomendirebulia a) sanapiro mcenareuli safaris SenarCuneba; b)
mdinaris fskeridan myari masalis amoReba; g) sedimentis damWeri mowyobilobebis
gamoyeneba.
46
cxrili
cxrili 1. gruntis granulometruli Semadgenlobis cxrili
nimuSis
aRebis
adgili
14.0-20.0
20.0-28.0
28.0-37.5
37.5-50.0
50.0-63.0
63.0-75.0
75.0-100.0
100.0-120.0
120.0-200.0
200.0-400.0
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
0,21
8,59
6,47
1,34
3,47
1,56
2,84
4,58
1,31
7,95
6,87
4,23
4,31
3,38
2,65
4,25
3,33
4,11
1,45
3,47
4,23
6,11
4,64
8,65
0,21
8,59
0,29
9,88
0,29
9,88
0,26
9,67
0,26
9,67
saSualo
msxvili
wvrili
saSualo
21,57
4,69
kaWari
10.0-14.0
0,5
6.3-10.0
2
5.0-6.3
1
3.35-5.0
0
2.0-3.35
2
1.18-2.0
d
0.6-1.18
0,5
0.425-0.6
1
0.3-0.425
1
0.25-0.3
0
0.15-0.25
1
7
kenWi
wvrili
6
0.063-0.15
5
mtveri
4
0.002-0.063
nimuSis tipi
3
xreSi
Tixa
aRebis intervali, m
2
qviSa
<0.002
Surfis #
1
##
savele
granulometriuli Semadgenloba, %
laboratoriuli
nimuSis
#
2,41
4,67
3,64
saSualo
42,53
4,08
3,88
1,49
5,31
5,94
2,47
6,84
3,78
1,48
18,45
4,21
2,69
3,36
1,20
4,82
3,10
4,18
8,65
6,47
9,12
d
24,86
6,09
1,81
4,66
2,11
37,28
4,08
3,24
1,18
7,13
5,91
4,59
5,40
2,91
2,11
18,57
4,00
3,09
3,85
1,52
3,48
3,62
4,51
9,12
5,08
9,71
saSualo
23,17
40,51
16,68
9,71
47
cxrili 2. wylis qimiuri testireba – laboratoriuli monacemebi
1
MmaWaxela
erTeuli
#
mdinare
Mmoculoba 1 litraze
anionebi
mSral
i
narCen
i
mg-1
mg-eqviv.
40.8
% mgeqviv.
kaTodebi
PH
HCO3--
CL-
SO4--
Ca++
Mg++
Na++K+
36.1
4.21
11
9.1
3.8
3.5
0.57
0.11
0.24
0.46
0.31
0.21
62.42
11.98
23.15
47.25
32.87
20.05
7.1
mdinare
nimuSebis aRebis
siRrme, m
amonamuSevris #
cxrili 3. wylis agresiuloba struqturebis mimarT
0.0
wylis agresiuloba nagebobebisadmi
agresiulobis maCveneblebi
ganlagebul qanebSi
Kf>0.1m/dR.R
ganlagebul qanebSi
Kf<0.1m/dR.R
betonis marka wyalSeRwevadobis mixedviT
W4
W6
W8
W4
W6
W8
bikarbonatuli sixiste,
mg_eqv/l
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
wyalbadionis maCvenebeli
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
agresiuli naxSirmJavas
Semcveloba, mg/l
-
-
ara
-
-
ara
magnezialuri marilebis
Semcveloba, mg/l
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
amoniumis marilebis
Semcveloba, mg/l
-
-
-
-
-
-
maRali tutianobis
Semcveloba, mg/l
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
portlandcementi (ГОСТ10178-76)
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
widaportnaldcementi
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
sulfatmedego cementi
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
ara
sulfatebi betonebisaTvis
48
gamonamuSevris #
nimuSebis aRebis
siRrme, m
cxrili 4.
4. liTonze wylis agresiuloba
mdinare
0.0
wylis agresiuli
zemoqmedebis xarisxi
rkina-betonis
armaturaze
mudmivad
wyalSi
periodulad
dasvelebiT
qanebis agresiuli
zemoqmedebis xarisxi
naxSirbadian foladze,
gruntis wylis donis
dabla im qanebisaTvis
romelTa filtraciis
koeficienti >0.1m/dReRame
ara
susti
ara
49