Running Head: De Souza et al.: Florida Entomologist Taxonomic

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Running Head: De Souza et al.: Florida Entomologist Taxonomic Report Style (55 characters
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or less)
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Please address correspondence to:
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Corresponding author name
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Corresponding author address line 1
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Corresponding author address line 2
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Phone: Corresponding author phone number
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Fax: Corresponding author fax number
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Email: Corresponding author email
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ALL WORDS IN TITLE IN UPPERCASE, INSERT (ORDER: FAMILY), E. G. A NEW
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SPECIES OF GENUS GONIAGNATHUS (TROPICOGNATHUS) (HEMIPTERA:
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CICADELLIDAE: DELTOCEPHALINAE) FROM INDIA
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CARMEN LUCIA MOREIRA DE SOUZA1*, MITSUO NUKAYA2 AND JOHN SMITH3
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Faculdade de Agronomia, Universidade do Rio de Janeiro, 79.804-970, Rio de Jaineiro, Brasil.
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The University of Tokio, Dept. Agr. & Environ. Biol. Yayoi, Tokyo, 113-8657, Japan.
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University of Florida, Dept. Entomol. & Nematol., Gainesville, FL 32611 USA
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*Corresponding author: Email: [email protected]
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ABSTRACT
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Center the word ABSTRACT, typed entirely in capital letters and not underlined. Do not indent
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the Abstract. Do not cite references, figures or tables in the abstract. Example: A new leafhopper
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species, Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus) keralaensis sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae:
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Deltocephalinae), is described from Kerala, India with morphological description, illustrations
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and photographs. Aedeagal shaft convex at distal caudoventral margin and acute at apex with
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pair of small ventral subapical processes, pair of long subapical processes on posterior dorsal
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margin, gonopore large, and its apical on the ventral side gonopore is large and located apically
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on the ventral side, distinguishes it from G. (T.) punctifer (Walker) with which it is closely
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related. Notes are given for separating the same in a key. The type material is deposited in the
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National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New
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Delhi, India (NPC).
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Key Words: Type 4-6 key words other than words in the title.
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RESUMEN
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Center the word RESUMEN typed entirely in capital letters and not underlined. If you have
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prepared a Spanish translation place it here, otherwise leave it blank. Do not attempt a translation
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unless you (or your translator) are fluent in Spanish. Spanish Abstract Editor will provide a
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translation. A Portuguese translation (RESUMO and Palavras Chave) is also accepted.
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Palabras Clave: Type 4-6 palabras clave corresponding to those in Key Words.
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This document is an example of the Florida Entomologist formatting style for taxonomic
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reports. Your submission should resemble the editorial style of this document. All submissions
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must be in MICROSOFT WORD. Use continuous line numbering on all pages of your
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manuscript. All text should be left justified. Do not use hyphenation on line endings. Use 12
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point font throughout manuscript. Type all text and captions as double-spaced. Use bold only for
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the abbreviations such as SP. NOV. and GEN. NOV (or sp. nov. and gen. nov.). Indent (0.5
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inch) first paragraph of the introduction; note that there is no heading for this section. Give
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scientific name authority and taxonomic classification (Order: Family) at first mention of the
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subject organism. Citations in the text are included in the name-date format: Jones (1986); (Jones
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1986); Jones & Smith (1986); (Jones & Smith 1986); Jones (in press); (A. F. Jones, Dept.
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Zoology, Ohio State University, personal communication). Use “et al.” for 3 or more authors, but
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do not italicize “et al.”. Provide evidence of acceptance for works “in press”, otherwise cite as
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“unpublished” or “personal communication.” Provide written permission from personal
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communicants. Arrange citations in chronological order when citing more than one reference.
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References must appear in References Cited section.
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The FES style is largely governed by the Council of Biology Editors Scientific Style and
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Format Manual for Authors, Editors and Publisher (Huth et al. 1994). Taxonomic papers should
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follow the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, 4th edn., for taxonomic style. The
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Florida Entomologist taxonomic style does not differ in any major way from that in the ESA
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Style guide (http://www.entsoc.org/pubs/publish/style). Examples of research articles and
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taxonomic manuscripts published in the Florida Entomologist can be found at the following
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website: http://journals.fcla.edu/flaent/issue/archive. Below is an example of the introduction
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section of a taxonomic paper.
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Leafhoppers belonging to the genus Goniagnathus Fiber (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae:
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Deltocephalinae) are robust, brownish, squat, and readily recognized by their short and broad
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heads, fused male subgenital plates, male style with membranous fracture at midlength,
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connective short and fused with aedeagus (Linnavuori 1978; Fletcher & Zahniser 2008).
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Leafhoppers belonging to the Goniagnathini are mostly found in grassland ecosystems in the
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Oriental, Afrotropical and Palaearctic regions, and also have recently been reported from arid
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regions of Australia (Fletcher & Zahniser, 2008). Dash & Viraktamath (2001) reviewed this
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genus from India with 9 species, and provided a key for the species.
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Viraktamath & Gnaneswaran (2009) defined the subgenus Tropicognathus as having the
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male pygofer with a well developed dorsal appendage, caudal margin with few stout setae,
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subgenital plates fused but variable in shape, apophysis of the style either of uniform width or
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widened distally, apex bilobed or bifid and an aedeagal shaft with processes on shaft but lacking
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ventral basal processes. The keys to subgenera and the checklist of species of Goniagnathus
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from the Indian subcontinent were also provided. There are 52 species of which 11 are from
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Indian subcontinent, to which a new species Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus) keralaensis sp.
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nov. collected from Kuppadi (N 11° 40' 45" E 76° 15' 45"), Kerala, India is added herewith. The
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type material is with the National Pusa Collection, Division of Entomology, Indian Agricultural
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Research Institute, New Delhi, India (NPC).
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MATERIAL AND METHODS
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Primary headings (ABSTRACT, RESUMEN, MATERIALS AND METHODS, TAXON
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HEADING, TAXONOMIC KEY, ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS AND REFERENCES CITED)
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are centered and in all capital letters.
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**(NOTE: In manuscripts whose main intent is to describe 1 or 2 new species, the heading that
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indicates the name of the new taxon is centered typed entirely in capital letters (see line 128). Do
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not use bold type except for SP. NOV. Include figure numbers in parentheses after the name of
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the taxon. )**
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Taxonomy Secondary Headings
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Second level subheadings (Male, Female, Material Examined, Type Material, Hosts,
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Distribution, Etymology, Biology, Remarks and/or Discussion) are placed flush left with
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capitalization of the first letter of each major word. Do not place a period at the end of the
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heading. Use telegraphic style throughout descriptions, an example is presented below.
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If a third level heading is needed, it must be placed at the beginning of the paragraph, all
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major words must be capitalized, and a period is placed behind the last word in order to separate
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it from the first sentence of the paragraph.
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Please consider the following recommendations. Use "per" instead of the forward slash
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(/) unless reporting unit/unit measurement. Use metric units only (Tables 3 and 4). Report
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English units in parentheses if deemed necessary. Report geographical coordinates as: N 29°
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45.084' W - 082°12.875' or as (S 30° 12'16.4″ W - 64° 28'30.9″W. Photoperiod and temperature
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are expressed as 14:10 h L:D at 25 °C. Names of countries, states and provinces (both as nouns
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and adjectives) should not be abbreviated with the exception of “USA” in the text. However
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names of places may be abbreviated in the addresses of authors on the title page and addresses
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of publishers in References Cited. Months are reported using the 3 letter system: (Jan, Feb, Mar,
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Apr, etc.), but in taxonomic reports use roman numerals: I, II, II, IV e.g., 15 Apr 2012 or 15-IV-
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2012. For other abbreviations refer to Table 1 (Latin abbreviations), Table 2 (SI units), Table 3
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(Non-SI units), Table 4 (Frequently used symbols and abbreviations), Table 5 (Supplementary
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material, standard abbreviations of frequently used journal title words) and the Scientific Style
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and Format of the Council of Biology Editors (Huth et al. 1994). Large-scale datasets, sequences,
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and computational models should be deposited in one of the relevant public databases prior to
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submission (i.e. NCBI-GeneBank) and authors should include accession codes in the Materials
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and Methods section. Data for which no suitable public database exists should be included, if
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possible, as supplementary material. Below is an example of a taxonomic report concerning one
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new species following the Florida Entomologist style.
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The terminology follows Viraktamath & Gnaneswaran (2009). Line diagrams were
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drawn using a drawing tube attached with a Leica MZ12 stereomicroscope and Leica DM500
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phase contrast compound microscope. Photographs were taken with a Leica DFC425C digital
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camera mounted on a Leica M205FA stereozoom microscope. Male genitalia dissections were
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carried out as described by Oman (1949) and Knight (1965). The abdomen was removed by
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inserting a sharp pin between the abdomen and thorax and with gentle piercing. The abdomen
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was treated in 10 % KOH for 2-4 h to remove unsclerotized material by gently prodding the
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abdomen with the head of a pin. Afterwards, the abdomen was rinsed thoroughlyin water. The
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internal structures were then removed by a hooked pin, before being stored in glycerol vials for
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study.
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GONIAGNATHUS (TROPICOGNATHUS) KERALAENSIS MESHRAM SP. NOV. (FIGS. 1-7,
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15-22)
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Start all synonomies at the left margin with runovers indented. Include authors and date.
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Male
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Brown with dark brown marking. Anterior region of face with transverse white strip
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interrupted in middle by dark brown irregular spots, short off-white stripe between ocelli and
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compound eyes, dark brown continuous transverse strip above ocelli. Eyes greyish black with
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four narrow longitudinal reddish lines. Pronotum brown, mottled with pale brown spots.
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Scutellum brown with dark brown markings.Forewing brown, venation dark brown richly
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mottled with pale brown (Figs. 1 and 2).
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Male genitalia having pygofer with caudal lobe rounded, ventral and cephalic margin
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concave, dorsal appendages caudally narrowed and slightly ventrally curved and not reaching the
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ventral margin (Fig. 21). Subgenital plate fused with slightly concave posterior margin. Style
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with strongly bilobed apophyses, slightly pointed inner lobe shorter than bluntly pointed outer
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one (Fig. 22). Aedeagal shaft convex along distal caudoventral margin and acute at apex with
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pair of small ventral subapical process, pair of long subapical processes on posterior dorsal
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margin, gonopore large and apically on the ventral side (Fig. 5 and 6 and 18-20).
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Female
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Pronotum dark black without any spots (Figs. 3 and 4). Seventh sternite 2.5 × broader
than long (Fig.7). Posterior margin medially convexly produced with median notch.
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Measurements
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Male 6.4 mm long, 2.6 mm wide across eyes, 2.1 mm wide across hind margin of
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pronotum. Female 6.6 mm long, 2.8 mm wide across eyes, and 2.4 mm wide across hind margin
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of pronotum.
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Type Material
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**(NOTE: Start description with the principal type in capital letters. Follow this immediately
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with count and sex of specimens, then place additional data in the order of locality, date,
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additional data, and collector. Separate these items with commas. )**
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HOLOTYPE 1 male INDIA: Kerala, Wayanad, Kuppadi, 03-V-2011, from grasses, N.
M. Meshram; (NPC). PARATYPE #1female data same as Holotype (NPC).
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Hosts:
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Grasses (Poaceae).
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Remarks
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Goniagnathus (T.) keralaensis sp. nov. most resembles G. (T.) punctifer (Walker), but
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can be distinguished from it (features of G. (T.) punctifer in parentheses): Forewing with well
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developed but narrow appendix, claval cell united with at about midlength of clavus by 4 cross
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veins (with well developed broad appendix, claval cell united with at about mid length of clavus
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by 2 cross veins); pygofer with caudal lobe rounded, ventral and cephalic margin concave, dorsal
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appendages caudally narrowed and slightly ventrally curved and not reaching the ventral margin
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(dorsal appendage slender, convex outer margin); subgenital plate with slightly concave posterior
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margin (subgenital plate with truncate posterior margin); aedeagal shaft convex at distal
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caudoventral margin and acute at apex with pair of small ventral subapical processes, pair of
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long symmetrical curved subapical processes on latero-posterior dorsal margin (aedeagal shaft
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with slightly convex distal caudoventral margin and blunt apex with pair of small ventral apical
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processes, pair of small asymmetrically curved process on cephalic margin at mid-length).
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Female pronotum dark black without any spots (pronotum brown, mottled with pale brown
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spots.).
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Etymology
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The species is named after Kerala state in India where the material has been collected.
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Material Examined
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INDIA: Bihar: 1 male, Pusa, 27-V-1932, at light; West Bengal: 1male, Kalyani, 4-VI-
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2005, C.A. Viraktamath; Delhi: 2 female I.A.R.I. 30-IV-1965, at light, R. Menon; Bihar: 1
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female, Pusa, 14-V-1917, Fletcher (NPC); Uttar Pradesh: 10 male, 1 female, Muradabad, 30-VII-
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2011, grasses, Roni, K. (NPC)
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**(NOTE: Taxonomic manuscripts often end with a taxonomic key, below is an example.)**
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REVISED KEY TO THE GONIAGNATHUS SPECIES-GROUP (MODIFIED FROM
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VIRAKTAMATH (2009))
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In the key given by Viraktamath (2009), the new species G. (T.) keralaensis sp.nov. will
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key in at the couplet no. 5 leading to G. (T.) nepalicus, G. (T.) anufrievi and G. (T.) punctifer.
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This to be modified as follows:
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5. Aedeagus with pair of processes ................................................................................................................................6
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−. Aedeagus with two pairs of processes .......................................................................................................................7
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6. Aedeagus with long processes at midlength; subgenital plates with truncate caudal margin …..................................
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………………………………………………………,,,…………...G. (T.) nepalicus Viraktamath & Gnaneswaran
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−. Aedeagal shaft with short curved processes at apex; subgenital plate convexly rounded
…………...........................................................................................G. (T.) anufrievi Viraktamath & Gnaneswaran
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7. Aedeagal shaft with slightly convex distal caudoventral margin and blunt apex with pair of small ventral apical
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process, pair of small asymmetrically curved on cephalic margin at mid-length (Fig. 12-13); pygofer dorsal
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appendage slender, convex outer margin (26); subgenital plate with truncate posteriormargin (Fig. 27)…………..
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……….…………………………………...………...........................................................G. (T.) punctifer (Walker)
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−. Aedeagal shaft convex at distal caudoventral margin and acute at apex with pair of small ventral subapical
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process, pair of long symmetrical curved subapical process on latero-posterior dorsal margin (Fig. 5-6 & 18-20);
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pygoferdorsal appendages caudally narrowed and slightly concave ventral margin (Fig. 17); subgenital plate with
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slightly concave posterior margin (Fig.22) ...….……………………..……………...…G. (T.) keralaensis sp.nov.
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
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Do not use titles before names. Generally, people precede institutions and institutions
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precede grants. Spell out institutions. Example: The authors gratefully acknowledge Prof. C. A.
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Viraktamath for guidance on leafhoppers and on t axonomy. We thank the Network Project on
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Insect Biosystematics (NPIB) for providing facilities, and the Principal Chief Conservator of
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Forests, Kerala Forest Department, India, for the necessary permission for making collections.
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REFERENCES CITED
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**(NOTE: Before submitting the manuscript, check each citation in the text against the
246
References Cited to see that they match exactly. Delete citations if they are not actually cited in
247
the article. Below are various examples of citations. Put initials of given names of ALL authors
248
after the family name(s). Example: JONES, B. J., AND SMITH, C. A. 2008. Provide all
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information that would allow retrieval of the material. Do not abbreviate place names in journal
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citations (Florida Entomol, Folia Mexicana), otherwise use the abbreviations found in the
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Council of Biological Editors Style Manual or Biological Abstracts List of Serials with Title
252
Abbreviations. References must be listed in alphabetical and chronological order.)**
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DASH, P. C., AND VIRAKTAMATH, C. A. 2001. Deltocephaline leafhopper genus
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Goniaganathus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) in the Indian subcontinent with descriptions of
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four new species. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 98: 62-79.
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FLETCHER, M. J., AND ZAHNISER, J. N. 2008. The first record of Goniagnathini from
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Australia with description of four new species of Goniagnathus Fieber (Hemiptera:
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Cicadellidae: Deltocephalinae). Zootaxa 1692: 43-54.
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HUTH, J., BROGAN, M., DANCIK, B., KOMMEDAHL, T., NADZIEJKA, D., ROBINSON,
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P., AND SWANSON, W. 1994. Scientific format and style: The CBE manual for
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authors, editors, and publishers. 6th ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 825 p
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KNIGHT, W. J. 1965. Techniques for use in the identification of leafhoppers (Homoptera :
Cicadellidae). Entomol. Gaz. 16: 129-36.
LINNAVUORI, R. 1978. Revision of the Ethiopian Cicadellidae (Homoptera). Paraboloponinae
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and Deltocephalinae. Scaphytopiini and Goniagnathini. Rev. Zool. Botany. Africaines
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92(2): 457–500.
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269
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OMAN, P. W. 1949. The Nearctic leafhoppers (Homoptera: Cicadellidae). A generic
classification and check list. Washington. Entomol. Soc. Mem. 3: 1-253.
VIRAKTAMATH, C. A., AND GNANESWARAN, R. 2009. Three new species of
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Goniagnathus (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) from the Indian subcontinent with description of
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a new subgenus. Zootaxa. 2224: 51–59
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TABLE 1: TABLE LEGEND IN UPPERCASE. SCHOLARLY LATIN ABBREVIATIONS,
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THE CORRESPONDING TERMS AND THEIR ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS
Abbreviation
c.
Latin term
circa
cf.
ed. cit.
e. g.
et al.
et seq.
et seqq.
etc.
fl.
confer
editio citata
exempli gratia
et alii
et sequens
et sequentes
et sequentia
et cetera
floruit
ib., ibid.
ibidem
i. e.
infra
loc. cit.
id est
infra
loco citato
NB
ob.
op. cit.
q.v.
r.
s.l.
supra
s.v.
nota bene
obiit
opere citato
quod vide
recto
senso lato
supra
sub verbo
sub voce
verso
vide
versus
videlicet
versus
v.
viz.
vs.
277
278
279
1
English equivalent
about, about, approximately (with
reference to a date or quantity)
compare(not "see")
edition cited
for example
and others; mostly used in citations
and the following
and the following
and the following
and so on, and so forth
flourished (used before a date
representing a historical figure for whom
exact birth and death dates are unknown
in the same place (the work cited in the
immediately preceding note)
that is
below
in the plase (passage) cited, the same
passasge indicated in preceding reference
take notice
he, or she, died
in the work cited
which see
rigthhand page
in the wide or broad sense
above
under the word, under the heading
under the word, under the heading
lefthand page
see
against (in contrast to)
namely
against (in contrast to)
280
TABLE 2: INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM (SI) UNITSUSED IN THE FLORIDA
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ENTOMOLOGIST.
Quantity
length
Volume (vol)
mass
Time**
electric current
thermodynamic
temperature
amount of substance
luminous intensity
Name
meter(s)
centimeter(s)
milimeter(s)
kilometer(s)
Liter*
Microliter
Milliliter
kilogram(s)
gram(s)
microgram(s)
tonne(s)
second(s)
minute(s)
hour(s)
year(s)
ampere
Symbol
(equivalent)
m
cm
mm
km
L (1 dm3)
μL
mL
kg
g
μg
t
s
min
h
yr
A
kelvin
mole
candela
K
mol
cd
2821
283
* do not abbreviate liter when used alone.
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** Months (3 letter system): Jan, Feb, Mar, Apr, etc., but in
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Taxonomic reports use Roman numerals: I, II, II, IV
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e.g., 15 Apr 2012 or 15-IV-2012.
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TABLE 3: METRIC CONVERSION FACTORS OF SELECTED NON-SI UNITS OF
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WEIGHTS AND MEASURES IN UNSE IN THE UNITED STATES AND THE
290
UNITED KINGDOM.
291
Common
Metric SI
equivalent
acre
bar
4047 m2 (0.4047
ha)
100 kPa
bushel
calorie (cal)
cord
Foot (ft)
0.03524 m3
4.187 kJ
3.625 m3
0.3048 m
ft2
ft3
0.09290 m2
28.32 L
ft3
gallon (gal)
grain (gr)
inch
mile
ounce (mass, US)
ounce (liquid, US)
pint (liquid, US)
pound (lb, mass, US)
psi
quart (liquid, US)
ton, short
yard
0.02832 m3
3.785 L
0.065 g
2.54 cm
1.609 km
28.35 g
0.0297 L
0.473 L
0.4536 kg
6.895 kPa
0.946 L
907.2 kg
0.9144 m
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TABLE 4: SOME ABBREVIATIONS USED IN THE FLORIDA ENTOMOLOGIST
INCLUDE.
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Symbol or
abbreviation
a.i.
avg
xg
no.
vol
°C
temp
RH
diam or
Fig.
Fdn
ht
μ
μL
mL
m asl
Mts.
294
295
296
word(s)
active ingredient
average
centrifugal force
number
volume
degree Celsius, e. g., 20
°C
temperature e. g., 50%
RH
relative humidity
diameter
Figure
foundation
height
micron
microleter
mililiter
meters above sea level
mountains (in official
name)
297
FIGURE CAPTIONS
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****(NOTE: All captions for figures are listed together on a separate page. All figures and tables
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must be referenced in the text with Arabic numerals in the order in which they appear in the text.
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The caption by itself should help the reader understand the figure. Submit all figures and
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photographs as .jpg or .tiff files. Below are examples of figure captions.)****
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Figs. 1-14. Species of Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus). (1-7) Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus)
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keralaensis sp. nov.; (1 and 2) Male; (1) Habitus; (2) Face; (3 and 4) Female; (3) Habitus; (4)
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Face; (5) Aedeagus, lateral view; (6) Aedeagus, dorsal view; (7) Female seventh sternite; (8-14)
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Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus) punctifer; (8 and 9) Male;(8) Habitus; (9) Face; (10 and 11)
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Female;(10) Habitus; (11) Face; (12) Aedeagus, lateral view;(13) Aedeagus dorsal view; (14)
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Female, seventh sternite.
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Figs. 15-22. Male Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus) keralaensis sp. nov. (15) Face; (16) Head
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and thorax; (17) Forewing; (18) Aedeagus, lateral view; (19) Dorsal view of aedeagus; (20)
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Ventral view of aedeagus; (21) Pygofer lobe, lateral view; (22) Fused subgenital plate and style,
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dorsal view.
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Figs. 23-27. Male Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus) punctifer. (23) Face; (24) Head and thorax;
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(25) Forewing; (26) Pygofer lobe, lateral view; (27) Fused subgenital plate and style, dorsal
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view.
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Figs. 1-14. Species of Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus). (1-7) Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus)
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keralaensis sp. nov.; (1 and 2) Male; (1) Habitus; (2) Face; (3 and 4) Female; (3) Habitus; (4)
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Face; (5) Aedeagus, lateral view; (6) Aedeagus, dorsal view; (7) Female seventh sternite; (8-14)
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Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus) punctifer; (8 and 9) Male; (8) Habitus; (9) Face; (10 and 11)
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Female; (10) Habitus; (11) Face; (12) Aedeagus, lateral view; (13) Aedeagus dorsal view; (14)
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Female, seventh sternite.
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Figs. 15-22. Male Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus) keralaensis sp. nov. (15) Face; (16) Head
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and thorax; (17) Forewing; (18) Aedeagus, lateral view; (19) Dorsal view of aedeagus; (20)
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Ventral view of aedeagus; (21) Pygofer lobe, lateral view; (22) Fused subgenital plate and style,
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dorsal view.
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Figs. 23-27. Male Goniagnathus (Tropicognathus) punctifer. (23) Face; (24) Head and thorax;
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(25) Forewing; (26) Pygofer lobe, lateral view; (27) Fused subgenital plate and style, dorsal
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view.
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