(crustacea, brachyura, portunidae) from southwestern atlantic

BOLETIM DO MUSEU NACIONAL
NOVA SÉRIE
RIO DE JANEIRO - BRASIL
ISSN 0080-312X
ZOOLOGIA
o
N 506
28 DE JULHO DE 2003
FIRST RECORD OF BATHYNECTES LONGISPINA STIMPSON, 1871
(CRUSTACEA, BRACHYURA, PORTUNIDAE)
FROM SOUTHWESTERN ATLANTIC 1
(With 2 figures)
CAROLINA RODRIGUES TAVARES 2
ABSTRACT: The genus Bathynectes occurs only in the Atlantic Ocean. The Revizee Program
sampled a specimen of B. longispina Stimpson, 1871 for the first time from the Brazilian coast.
Differences between the species are presented.
Key words: Brachyura, Portunidae, Bathynectes, Brazil, taxonomy, geographic distribution.
RESUMO: Primeiro registro de Bathynectes longispina
Brachyura, Portunidae) para o Sudoeste do Atlântico.
Stimpson,
1871
(Crustacea:
O gênero Bathynectes ocorre somente no Oceano Atlântico. O Programa Revizee amostrou um
exemplar de Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871 pela primeira vez para a costa Brasileira.
Diferenças entre as espécies são apresentadas.
Palavras-chave: Brachyura, Portunidae, Bathynectes, Brasil, taxonomia, distribuição
geográfica.
INTRODUCTION
The genus Bathynectes Stimpson, 1871, is recorded only from the Atlantic Ocean
and contains four species: B. longipes (Risso, 1816), B. longispina Stimpson, 1871,
B. maravigna (Prestandrea, 1839) and B. piperitus Manning & Holthuis, 1981. B.
longipes, B. maravigna and B. piperitus occur along the eastern Atlantic coast. B.
longispina was recorded only from the North American Atlantic coast (MANNING &
HOLTHUIS, 1981; INGLE, 1985). This study describes B. longispina based for the
first time on a sample from off Brazilian coast.
Family Portunidae Rafinesque, 1815
Subfamily Polybiinae Ortmann, 1893
Genus Bathynectes Stimpson, 1871
Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871
(Figs.1-2)
Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871:146.
Bathynectes brevispina Stimpson, 1871:147.
1 Submitted on July 03, 2002. Accepted on October 8, 2002.
2 Museu Nacional/UFRJ, Departamento de Invertebrados. Quinta da Boa Vista, São Cristóvão, 20940-040, Rio de
Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
2
C.R.TAVARES
Bathynectes superba Rathbun, 1930:28, pl.9-10.
Material examined – Revizee Program. 20º40’3S – 39º54’8W, 264-407m, 1 (not
ovigerous), carapace length: 5.96cm, width: 8.48cm, MNRJ 15623.
Diagnosis – Carapace with five anterolateral teeth, last one twice as long as others;
four frontal teeth. Right cheliped larger than left one, both with carinae and spines.
Description – Carapace with four frontal teeth, inner ones smaller and thinner
than outer ones. Five anterolateral spines, including exorbital ones, increasing in
length from the first to the last. Last spines less than three times as long as
fourth one, lateral. One transversal tuberculate carina connecting both lateral
spines. Posteriorly to transversal carina, another carina in cardiac region with 1/3
of length of lateral one. Anteriorly to transversal carina, a tuberculated carina
and anteriorly to this, another carina, both interrupted in midline by the gastric
carina. Gastric carina vertical, extending from transversal carina to protogastric
region. Orbits formed by two dorsal teeth with a denticulate lobe between them,
separated from teeth by hiatus (Figs.1a, 2a); three ventral teeth, inner one
biggest and outer one smallest, with a denticulate sinus “U” shaped between
inner and medium teeth (Fig.2c).
Antennae 1 hidden in a cavity anterior to epistome. Antennae 2 separated from
orbits by a lobe (Figs.1a, 2a).
Third thoracic sternite with female gonopores. Right cheliped larger than left one.
Palm with dorsal surface with two ridges, inner one with a large spine at anterior
part, outer one with 3-4 small spines (Figs.1c, 2b); outer lateral surface with three
ridges, two ventral continuous to fixed finger. Fixed finger with four ridges.
Dactylus with a tubercle in posterior part of cutting edge; outer lateral surface with
two ridges (Fig.2d); inner lateral surface with one ridge; dorsal surface with two
ridges. Carpus with inner lateral surface of one large spine with four small spines
on base; outer dorsal surface with three large spines and some small teeth; outer
lateral surface with one spine. Merus with one spine at inner lateral surface and
other at dorsal one (Figs.1c, 2b, 2d). Fingers denticulate. Palm and fingers
approximately with the same size (Figs.1b, 2d). Ambulatory legs without ridges or
spines, increasing in size until swimming legs. Swimming legs smaller than other
legs. Paddles setose with a spine at distal part.
Abdomen folded, ending in a telson, with second to fifth somites with pleopods;
endopods and setose exopods with approximately same size (Fig.2c).
Remarks – The specimen examined agrees with STIMPSON (1871) and RATHBUN
(1930, as B. superba) descriptions except by chelipeds that are unequal, the right
one being larger than the left one.
It is difficult to separate the species of the genus Bathynectes, because the
differences among them are flable.
Between B. longispina and B. piperitus the following differences were observed:
• Anterolateral teeth increase in length from the anterior to the
posterior one in B. longispina, but in B. piperitus the posterior one is
Bol. Mus. Nac., N.S., Zool., Rio de Janeiro, n.506, p.1-6, july 2003
BATHYNECTES LONGISPINA STIMPSON, 1871 FROM SW ATLANTIC
the smallest (excluding lateral one);
• The lateral spine is straight in B. longispina, but in B. piperitus is
curved anteriorly;
• The carina anterior to transversal carina is divided in two in midline
by the gastric carina in B. longispina, and in B. piperitus each half of
this carina is subdivided in two other parts;
• Carinae of dactylus of pereopods tuberculate in B. piperitus, but not
in B. longispina;
• Fixed finger with four ridges in B. longispina, and with five in B.
piperitus;
• Carina posterior to anterior teeth of dorsal surface of palm, granulate
in B. longispina and tuberculate in B. piperitus;
• Dorsal outer carina of palm with four teeth and one lobe in B.
longispina, and with six teeth in B. piperitus;
• Carpus of left pereopod with five teeth anterior to inner spine; carpus
of right pereopod with three teeth, the medium one bifid in B.
longispina. B. piperitus with 1-3 teeth anterior to inner spine, rarely
with four teeth;
• Carpus of pereopods smooth between dorsal posterior and inner
teeth in B. longispina, but with a row of spinules in B. piperitus;
• Upper surface of carpus of pereopods with some small teeth and
some tubercles in B. longispina, and only with some tubercles in B.
piperitus;
• Inner surface of propodus of ambulatorial legs with two equal
carinae, not reaching merus in B. longispina. In B. piperitus the two
carinae are unequal, dorsal one reduced and ventral one normal.
Between B. longispina and B. maravigna the following differences were observed:
• Lateral spine less than three times the size of the fourth anterolateral
teeth in B. longispina and three times in B. maravigna;
• Outer surface of carpus of chelipeds with three teeth and with some
small teeth and tubercles in B. longispina, but with only two teeth in
B. maravigna;
• Palm of chelipeds with five carinae, two dorsal not tuberculate in B.
longispina, and with six carinae, two upper tuberculate in B. maravigna.
Between B. longispina and B. longipes the following differences were observed:
• Merus of chelipeds unarmed in B. longipes, and with one spine at
inner lateral surface and other at dorsal one in B. longispina;
• Carpus of cheliped scabrous, only produced on the inner margin into
a strongly developed triangular process, terminating acutely, but this
process is unarmed with lateral teeth in B. longipes, and inner lateral
surface with one large spine with 4 small spines on base, outer
dorsal surface with 3 large spines and some small teeth, and outer
Bol. Mus. Nac., N.S., Zool., Rio de Janeiro, n.506, p.1-6, july 2003
3
4
C.R.TAVARES
lateral surface with one spine in B. longispina;
• Palm of chelipeds with one distal tooth at the extremity of the inner
margin, but otherwise unarmed in B. longipes. In B. longispina palm
with a large spine at anterior part of inner ridge, and with 3-4 small
spines at outer ridge.
The genus Bathynectes contains four species, present in different regions of Atlantic
Ocean: B. maravigna (Prestandrea, 1839) occurs from Norway and South of Faroes
Is.; B. longipes (Risso, 1816) occurs in the Mediterranean Sea, and from England to
Portugal and Madeira Is.; B. longispina occurs from Massachusetts to Florida, and
B. piperitus Manning & Holthuis, 1981, from Cape Verde Islands, and from Morocco
to Angola. The lack of dredgings from deep waters is probably the cause that only
now we have this first record of the genus Bathynectes from Brazilian coast. This
sample examined herein enlarges Bathynectes longispina known meridional
distribution to State of Espírito Santo (20ºS).
a
c
e
b
d
Fig.1- Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871 – dorsal view: (a) carapace, (b) right cheliped,
(c) left cheliped; lateral view: (d) left cheliped, (e) right cheliped. Scale bars = 1cm.
Bol. Mus. Nac., N.S., Zool., Rio de Janeiro, n.506, p.1-6, july 2003
5
BATHYNECTES LONGISPINA STIMPSON, 1871 FROM SW ATLANTIC
a
b
c
d
Fig.2- Bathynectes longispina Stimpson, 1871: (a) carapace, dorsal view; (b) left cheliped,
lateral view; (c) carapace, ventral view; (d) left cheliped, dorsal view. Scale bar = 5cm.
AKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I thank Dr. Paulo S. Young (MNRJ) for taxonomic advise, Msc. Abel Perez
Gonzalez (MNRJ) for the photographies, Dr. Cristiana Serejo (MNRJ) for helpful
comments and two anonymous, for comments on the manuscript.
This study was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento
Científico e Tecnlógico (CNPq) and additional financial support from Fundação
Universitária José Bonifácio (FUJB) and Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do
Estado do Rio de Janeiro (FAPERJ).
Bol. Mus. Nac., N.S., Zool., Rio de Janeiro, n.506, p.1-6, july 2003
6
C.R.TAVARES
LITERATURE CITED
INGLE, R.W., 1985 – Larval development of the red swimming crab, Bathynectes longipes
(Risso, 1860) (Crustacea: Decapoda: Portunidae). Bulletin of the British Museum
(Natural History) Zoology, London, 49(2):239-255.
MANNING, R.B. & HOLTHUIS, L.B., 1981 – West African Brachyuran crabs (Crustacea:
Decapoda). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology, Washington, 306:1-379.
RATHBUN, M.J., 1930 – The Cancroid crabs of America of the Families Euryalidae,
Portunidae, Atelecyclidae, Cancridae and Xanthidae. United States National Museum
Bulletin, Washington, 152:609 pages, pls.1-230.
STIMPSON, W., 1871 – Preliminary report on the Crustacea dredged in the Gulf Stream
in the Straits of Florida, by L.F. de Pourtalès, Assist. U.S. Coast Survey. Bulletin of
the Museum of the Comparative Zoology, Harvard, 2:145-147.
Bol. Mus. Nac., N.S., Zool., Rio de Janeiro, n.506, p.1-6, july 2003
Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro
Reitor – Aloísio Teixeira
Museu Nacional
Diretor – Sérgio Alex K. Azevedo
Editor Geral – Célia Ricci
Editores de Área – Alexander Wilhelm Armin Kellner, Cátia Antunes de Mello Patiu, Ciro Alexandre
Ávila, Débora de Oliveira Pires, Gabriel Luiz Figueira Mejdalani, Isabel Cristina Alves Dias, João Alves
de Oliveira, Marcelo de Araújo Carvalho, Maria Dulce Barcellos Gaspar de Oliveira, Marília Lopes da
Costa Facó Soares, Miguel Angel Monné Barrios, Paulo Secchin Young, Ulisses Caramaschi e Vânia
Gonçalves Lourenço Esteves
Conselho Editorial – André Pierre Prous-Poirier (Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais), David G. Reid
(The Natural History Museum - Reino Unido), David John Nicholas Hind (Royal Botanic Gardens Reino Unido), Fábio Lang da Silveira (Universidade de São Paulo), François M. Catzeflis (Institut des
Sciences de l’Évolution - França), Gustavo Gabriel Politis (Universidad Nacional del Centro - Argentina),
John G. Maisey (Americam Museun of Natural History - EUA), Jorge Carlos Della Favera (Universidade
do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), J. Van Remsen (Louisiana State University - EUA), Maria Antonieta da
Conceição Rodrigues (Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro), Maria Carlota Amaral Paixão Rosa
(Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Maria Helena Paiva Henriques (Universidade de Coimbra Portugal), Maria Marta Cigliano (Universidad Nacional La Plata - Argentina), Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues
(Universidade de São Paulo), Miriam Lemle (Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro), Paulo A. D. DeBlasis
(Universidade de São Paulo), Philippe Taquet (Museum National d’Histoire Naturelle - França), Rosana
Moreira da Rocha (Universidade Federal do Paraná), Suzanne K. Fish (University of Arizona - EUA), W.
Ronald Heyer (Smithsonian Institution - EUA)
Normalização – Vera de Figueiredo Barbosa
Diagramação e arte-final – Célia Ricci, Lia Ribeiro
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