A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in

Transcrição

ISSN 2285 – 3987
First description and status change:
A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila
s 7.2
the passion for cacti and other succulents
October
2015
A new subspecies of
Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila
contents
This is Xerophilia Special issue No 7.2 - October 2015
and it is not the official first description and status change of
the new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in Coahuila, that was already published in
Xerophilia Special issue No 7.1 - October 2015.
4 · 1a:
12 · 1b:
subsp. breckwoldtiorum J.A. De-Nova, P. Castillo-Lara & W. Blum subsp. nov.
subsp. occidentalis (N.P. Taylor) W. Rischer, S. Breckwoldt & K. Breckwoldt
14 · Echinocereus
stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage
15 · Echinocereus
stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage
In: Preisverzeichniss über Cacteen und Succulenten 22, 1860
16 · 2a:
E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus (Förster ex Schumann) W. Blum stat. nov.
17 · 2b:
Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage subsp. stramineus
20 · Aknowledgements
20 · Bibliographical
References
The graphic structure of this special issue is based on the authors' demand.
Founders: Eduart Zimer • Dag Panco • Valentin Posea
Editor: Eduart Zimer
Nordic representative • Erik Holm
Supporter • Mihai Crisbășanu
Editorial team's e-Mail: [email protected].
EN edition • Eduart Zimer
RO edition • Valentin Posea
SP edition & Field researches • Pedro Nájera Quezada
PR & Graphic • Dag Panco
Cartography • Miguel Angel González Botello
Graphic layout based on Andrea Cattabriga's pattern.
All rights reserved – no part of this publication may be reproduced in any forms
or by any means, without written permission of the Editor. All copyrighted
photographs have been used under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International license.
Front cover
Back cover
Echinocereus occidentalis subsp.
breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila: Tanque
Menchaca.
Echinocereus occidentalis subsp.
occidentalis, Mex.: Durango, near Nazas.
photo by Grzegorz Matuszewski
photo by Uli Dosedal.
Contents
2 - XEROPHILIA • Special Issue No. 7 .2 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987
contents
Jose Arturo De-Nova, Pedro Castillo-Lara & Wolfgang Blum
Echinocereus occidentalis (N.P. Taylor) W. Rischer, S. Breckwoldt & K. Breckwoldt
In: Der Echinocereenfreund 22 (1): 23 (2008 [2009 publ. 2008] )
Basionym:
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis N.P. Taylor. - Bradleya 6: 70 (1988)
contents
Holotype:
México: Durango: Hwy Fed. 45, 1400 - 1500 m NN, 1 July 1986, N.P. TAYLOR 240B [MEXU 432560]
(further types see below)
Description:
stem
shape: forming clumps, - 60 cm in diameter, cylindrical, erect
height/diameter: - 300 / 50 - 80
epidermis colour: light green
rib shape: slight bumps
number/width: 12 - 19 / 3 - 10
height/distance: 5 - 10 / 10 - 15
root: branched, fibrous
spination
areole shape: round
length/diameter/distance: 3 - 5 / 3 - 5 / 10 - 15
radials: number/length: 9 - 13 / 15 - 20
colour: white - yellow, dark-tipped
radials: arrangement/shape: adjacent, spreading / needle-like, straight
centrals: number/length: 1 - 5 / 40 - 55
colour: white - black
centrals: arrangement/shape: adjacent, spreading / needle-like, stiff, straight
flower
flower-bud: small, green, blunt-tipped
flower shape: funnel-shaped
length/diameter: 50 - 70 / 50 - 70
flower colour: crimson - magenta, throat pale
tube: length/diameter: 25 - 30 / 14 - 20
colour: dark green
ovary: length/diameter: 10 - 15 / 10 - 15
colour: dark green
spination/length/colour: - 10 / - 20 / white
wool/length: felty / 1
petals length/width: 20 - 30 / 4 - 10
nectar-chamber: length/width: 3 – 4.5 / 1.7 – 2.7
filament: length/colour: 6 - 14 / white - greenish
anther colour/pollen colour: yellow / yellow
style length/width: 20 - 25 / 1.5 – 2.2
colour: white-yellowy
stigma lobes: number/length: 10 - 14 / 3.5 - 6
colour: dark green
fruit
shape/maturity time: round / 2 - 3 months
length/diameter: - 30 / - 30
colour: green, pinkish - reddish tinged
pulp: white - pink
peculiarity: - lateral splitting
seed
length/width/colour: 0.9 – 1.1 / 0.8 – 1.0 / black
contents
microstructure: perforated testa, with weak cell boundary lines
wart form: convex - conic
warts structure: clearly visible medium - coarse folding of the cuticle
structure of warts caps: clearly visible medium folding of the cuticle
chromosome number: 2n = 22
habitat
terrain/soil/height: hilly to mountainous shrub desert / on limestone and volcanic rock / 800 - 1800 m
NN
range: México: central - eastern Durango, south-western Coahuila, northern Zacatecas
field numbers: HK 1136, NPT 0240 B, SB 0491, SB 0499
1a: subsp. breckwoldtiorum J.A. De-Nova, P. Castillo-Lara & W. Blum subsp. nov.
Holotype
Mexico: Coahuila: Mpio. San Pedro de las Colonia. Ejido La Candelaria en los alrededores de las
cuevas mortuorias. 26º09’18’’N, 102º41’39.8’’W. Matorral desértico con Larrea tridentata, Fouquieria
splendens, Agave lechuguilla, Opuntia spp., Mimosa sp., Leucophyllum sp., Prosopis glandulosa, Euphorbia
antisyphilitica, Jatropha dioica, Grusonia bradtiana, Ferocactus hamatacanthus y Thelocactus bicolor.
Terrenos con afloramientos calizos y yesosos. Altitud 890 m. Planta cespitosa con tallos simples, con
flores color fuchsia y frutos inmaduros. 29 de Mayo de 2015. J.A. DE NOVA 690 [SLPM 051253]
Etymology
This new subspecies is named after the couple Sybille and Klaus Breckwoldt for their services to the
genus Echinocereus.
English Diagnosis
The subsp. breckwoldtiorum different from the subsp. occidentalis by:
• more ribs: subsp. breckwoldtiorum 15 - 19 subsp. occidentalis 12 - 17
• more radial spines: subsp. breckwoldtiorum 13 - 15, subsp. occidentalis 9 - 13
• more central spines: subsp. breckwoldtiorum 3 - 5, subsp. occidentalis 1 - 3,
• be lower distribution: subsp. breckwoldtiorum 800 - 1200 m above sea level, subsp. occidentalis
1200 - 1800 m above sea level
• be west to north-western area of distribution.
Accompanying flora
Echinocereus stramineus (Engelmann) F. Sencke ex. J.N. Haage – these flowers 3 - 5 weeks earlier
Synonym
E. longisetus sensu BRAVO. - Las Cactáceas de México, ed. 1: Fig. 189 (1937)
E. spec. Viesca
contents
terrain
hilly to mountainous desert shrub
soil
on limestone
altitude
800 - 1200 m NN
range
México: south-western Coahuila and northern Zacatecas
Material examined
Echinocereus: Herbarium sheet Arizona State University; Collection: M. MITTLEMAN & R. ENGARD M30,
Mexico, Coahuila, south-western Cuatrocienegas; ASU sheet No.: 53259
Echinocereus enneacanthus var. cf. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Herbarium Research Department
Desert Botanical Garden; Collection: M. MITTLEMAN & R. ENGARD M30, Mexico, Coahuila, southwestern Cuatrocienegas; DES sheet No.: 18707
Echinocereus: Herbarium sheet Herbarium of Geo. B. Hinton; Collection: G.B.HINTON 28362, Mexico,
Coahuila, between San Pedro de las Colonias and Laguna del Rey at Francisco I. Madero; GBH sheet
No.: 28362
Echinocereus engelmannii: Herbarium sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM); Collection: R.
Alduenda s.n., Mexico, Coahuila, 70 km eastern of Torreon; MEXU sheet No.: 227746
Since BRAVO 1937 (Fig. 189), these plants are often regarded as Echinocereus longisetus Engelmann and
reported in various journals and books.
In the 2009 published work of RISCHER & BRECKWOLDT Ecf. 22 (1): 17 - 26 is introduced due to the
different ploidy level of species rank for Echinocereus occidentalis.
Newer investigations on site, as well as the evaluation of the existing herbarium sheets of various
locations, between Cuatrocienegas de Carranza, Viesca, Torreon in Coahuila compared to the habitats
west of Bermejillo and Mapimi, La Cuesta, Pedricena, Rodeo, Nazas and Minas Navidad in Durango
revealed significant differences enabled a re-evaluation of these former sites.
At the type locality are subsp. breckwoldtiorum and stramineus (Engelmann) F. Sencke ex. J. N. Haage in
close proximity, separated only by their different substrates.
The subspecies breckwoldtiorum occur standing on the rocks there, while stramineus grows on the
surrounding sand - gravel substrate.
In the southern area of distribution of subsp. breckwoldtiorum are encountered hybrids with E.
enneacanthus subsp. enneacanthus Engelmann.
GRZEGORZ MATUSZEWSKI we got information and images about other subheading populations at
Buenavista, El Mezquite north of San Pedro de las Colonias, Tanque Menchaca east of Viesca and in
northern Zacatecas, south of Viesca at Cinco de Mayo.
contents
Photo: Herbarium SLPM.
contents
Echinocereus sp.: Herbarium sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM); Collection: C. GÓMEZHINOSTROSA 1836, Mexico, Coahuila, south-eastern Viesca; MEXU sheet No.: 1826882
Echinocereus enneacanthus var. cf. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Sul Ross State University; Collection:
F.G. BRECKENRIDGE 343, Mexico, Coahuila, 33 miles northern San Pedro; SRSC sheet No.: o. Nr.
Echinocereus enneacanthus var. cf. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Sul Ross State University; Collection:
F.G. BRECKENRIDGE 351, Mexico, Coahuila, northern El Hundito; SRSC sheet No.: o. Nr.
E. occidentalis subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Mexico:
Coahuila: Mpio. San Pedro de las Colonias, Ejido
La Candelaria, J.A. DE NOVA 690 [SLPM 051253].
Legend:
blue spot: E. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis
red spot: E. occidentalis subsp. breckwoldtiorum
white dot: respective Type Location.
contents
contents
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San Pedro de las Colonias.
contents
contents
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San
Pedro de las Colonias.
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern San
Pedro de las Colonias.
contents
contents
contents
contents
Photo: U. Dosedal.
Photo: U. Dosedal.
contents
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, northern El Hundito.
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila, Buenavista.
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila: Tanque Menchaca.
Photo: G. Matuszewski.
contents
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila: Tanque Menchaca.
subsp. breckwoldtiorum, Coahuila: Cinco de Mayo.
Photo: U. Dosedal.
contents
contents
Photo: Grzegorz Matuszewski.
contents
1b: subsp. occidentalis (N.P. Taylor) W. Rischer, S. Breckwoldt & K. Breckwoldt
Synonym:
Echinocereus stramineus (Engelm.) F. Sencke ex. J.N. Haage var. occidentalis N.P. Taylor - Bradleya 6: 70
(1988)
Echinocereus stramineus subsp. occidentalis (N.P. Taylor) N.P. Taylor - Cactaceae Consensus Init. 3: 10
(1997)
terrain
hilly to mountainous desert shrub
soil
on limestone and volcanic rock
altitude
1250 - 1800 m NN
range
México:
Durango: western Mapimi, La Cuesta, Pedricena, Chocolate, Nazas, Rodeo, El Rodeo and Minas Navidad
field numbers
HK 1136, NPT 0240, SB 0491, SB 0499
E. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis, Mexico: Durango, near Nazas.
Photo: Uli Dosedal.
contents
Material examined
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Holotype: Herbarium sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico
(UNAM); Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 240 A, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; MEXU sheet No.: 432560
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Isotype: in spirit inRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P.
TAYLOR 240 B, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K 51619
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Isotype: Herbarium sheet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew;
Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 240 B, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K sheet No.: 101132
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Paratype: Herbarium sheet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew;
Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 240 C, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K 62617
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Arizona State University; Collection: LEUCK
353, Mexico, Durango, western of Mapimi near the junction of Hwy 30 and the gravel road to San Pedro;
ASU sheet No.: 53262
Photo: Rene Goris.
contents
E. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis, Mexico: Durango, near Rodeo.
Photo: Rene Goris.
contents
E. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis, Mexico: Durango, near Rodeo.
contents
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Arizona State University; Collection: LEUCK
354, Mexico, Durango, 4.7 miles northeast of Alamillo and 11.2 miles from the Rio Nazas bridge on Hwy
45; ASU sheet No.: 53261
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Royal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P.
TAYLOR 241 mit R. GONZALEZ, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K sheet No.: 62616
TAYLOR 240, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K sheet No.: 101131
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: in spirit inRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P. TAYLOR
240 D/E/F, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K 51623
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: In spirit inRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P. TAYLOR
243, Mexico, Durango, west Mapimi; K 52495
Echinocereus stramineus: in spirit inRoyal Botanic Gardens Kew; Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 246 a, Mexico,
Durango, southwest Chocolate; K 73478.000
TAYLOR & S.G. KNEES 495 Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; K sheet No.: 62642
Echinocereus sp. Herbar sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM); Collection: H. M. HERNÁNDEZ
3557, Mexico, Durango, Rodeo; MEXU sheet No.: 1122837
Echinocereus stramineus var. occidentalis: Herbarium sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM);
Collection: N.P. TAYLOR 240, Mexico, Durango, La Cuesta; MEXU sheet No.: 444697
Echinocereus leeanus: Herbar sheet Herbario Nacional de Mexico (UNAM); Collection:
H. BRAVO, Mexico, Durango, El Rodeo; MEXU sheet No.: 59906
Echinocereus sp. cf. enneacanthus var. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Sul Ross State University; Collection:
F.G. BRECKENRIDGE 339, Mexico, Durango, 30 miles western Mapimi; SRSC sheet No.: o.Nr.
Echinocereus sp. cf. enneacanthus var. stramineus: Herbarium sheet Sul Ross State University; Collection:
F.G. BRECKENRIDGE 339, Mexico, Coahuila, western Mapimi; SRSC sheet No.: o.Nr.
contents
Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage
In JOHANN NICOLAUS HAAGE in the price directory on Cactaceae and succulents (22, 1860) is to be read
for the first time about Echinocereus conglomeratus Förster, however, without descriptive data.
Unfortunately, the literature where FöRSTER acquired the name, is unknown.
In 1870 is in SEITZ, in his Catalogus cactearum cultarum (10, 1870), the same reading.
Ruempler writes in FÖRSTER’s „Handbuch für Kakteenkunde (797, 1885)“ under E. stramineus as synonym
„Cereus conglomeratus Först.?“.
In the Gardenflora (465, 1890) is in a "travelogue of Cacteensammlers in Mexico" by ALBERT MATHSSON
to read about the location of this taxon.
Unfortunately, these references were all without descriptive data, so these are all nomen nudum.
First descriptive data are for SCHUMANN in the overall description of the cacti (278, 1899) to find, they
read as follows:
“30. Echinocereus conglomeratus Förster
Caespitosus caulibus pro rata elatis erectis laete viridibus: costis 12 - 13 sinuatis; aculeis radialibus 9
- 10, centralibus 1 - 4 albis fere vitreis, basi flaridis; floribus haud visis probabiliter coccineo-violaceis.
Körper säulenförmig, durch Sprossung aus dem Grunde rasenförmig, aufrecht, säulenförmig, oben
etwas verjüngt, am Scheitel höckerig, nicht eingesenkt: Höcker mit schneeweißem Woll-filz bekleidet,
bis 30 cm hoch und 5 cm im Durchmesser, hellgrün. Rippen 12 - 13, durch oben sehr enge, auch unten
scharfe Furchen geschieden, ziemlich scharf, bis 1 cm hoch, deutlich gebuchtet. Areolen 8 - 10 mm
voneinander entfernt, kreisrund, etwa 2 mm im Durchmesser, mit schneeweißem Woll-filz bekleidet,
der aber sehr schnell schwindet. Randstacheln 9 - 10, glasartig, spreizend, das untere Paar am längsten,
bis 1,6 cm lang, nach dem Verschwinden des Wollfilzes am Grunde gelb. Mittelstacheln 1 - 4, der untere
gerade vorgetreckt, bis 4 cm lang und darüber, etwas stärker, sonst jenen ähnlich. Die Blüte ist mir nicht
bekannt.“
Echinocereus conglomeratus Först. in Hort.cat., in MATHSSON in Gartenflora XXXIX. 465 (1890)
(conglomeratus [in Latin] = heaped together).
Geographical distribution:
In Mexico, in the State of Nuevo Leon, south of Monterrey, in quantities, however, higher in the
mountains, at Rinconada covering the slopes.
BERGER has then in his "A systematic revision of the genus Cereus (81, 1905)" recombined it to Cereus
conglomeratus.
BRITTON & ROSE supplement in their work "Cactaceae Vol .: 3: 39-40 (1922) the following data to the
contents
first description:
“flowers 6 to 7 cm long, broad and open, purplish; perianth-segments broad, 2 cm long; spines on ovary
and flower long, white, more or less curved; fruit globular, 3 cm in diameter, somewhat acid, edible;
seeds numerous.
Distribution: Mountains in the states of Nuevo Leon, Coahuila and Zacatecas, Mexico.
This species has usually been confused with E. stramineus but is smaller, more open flowers, and it has
a more southern range.”
BRAVO-HOLLIS keeps E. conglomeratus 1937 als Taxon very close to E. stramineus but differs by the size
and the distribution area of flowers.
In her key leads at conglomeratus "Flores campanuladas (bell-shaped)" and stramineus "infundibuliformes
(funnel-shaped)" on.
In BACKEBERG nothing new can be found.
Strange it is then in 1974, when, into two independent works by L. BENSON in Cact. Succ. J. Amer. 46: 80
(March-April) and BRAVO-HOLLIS in Cact. Suc. Mex. 19: 47 (April-June), conglomeratus is recombined in
the former to E. enneacanthus Engelmann var. conglomeratus (Förster) Benson and in BRAVO- HOLLIS to
E. stramineus Engelmann var conglomeratus.
TAYLOR writes 1985, 89 ....in the south-eastern part of its range it is represented by a smaller-flowered
form, previously distinguished as E. conglomeratus Schumann, but scarcely even worthy of varietal
status. "
BRAVO-HOLLIS & H. SANCHEZ-MEJORADA retains the status of 1974. In their key it differs as follows:
-A. Espinas que ocultan por completo el tallo; las radiales 7 a 14, las centrales 2 a 5………………….49a. var.
stramineus
-AA. Espinas que no ocultan completamente el tallo; las radiales 9 a 10, las centrales 1 a 4………..49b.
var. conglomeratus
Because of the small flower, smaller fruit, the higher rib number and its separated distribution area, we
are able to establish the opinion conglomeratus as a new subspecies of stramineus.
We can confirm the statement of TAYLOR (1985), that there is a small flowering stramineus form at
Rinconada and Grutas Garcia.
In TAYLOR's Mexico trip in July 1986, he has visited the Herbarium of MEXU and named a herbarium
sheet, collected by HELIA BRAVO-HOLLIS at Grutas Garcia, as holotype of E. stramineus var. orientalis
var. nov.
This is, because no description and Latin diagnosis has been published, a nomen nudum.
Another very interesting form that belongs here, is the relatively little spined form of Huachichil.
This has been viewed as a form of Echinocereus parkeri Taylor.
Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage
In: Preisverzeichniss über Cacteen und Succulenten 22, 1860
Basionym
Cereus stramineus Engelmann. – Syn. Cact. US. In B.C.R.: 26 (1856)
Locus typicus
USA: Texas: Mountain slopes, from El Paso to the Pecos and Gila Rivers
contents
Lectotype
(cf. COULTER, 1896: 390): About El Paso, Texas, C. WRIGHT 8 in 1851 [MO 2016908]
Taxonomic history
1856: Cereus stramineus Engelmann
1860: Echinocereus stramineus (Engelmann) J.N. Haage
1969: E. enneacanthus Engelmann var. stramineus (Engelmann) L. Benson
1989: Echinocereus stramineus (Engelmann) J.N. Haage (due to different ploidy levels [J.F. WEEDIN, A.M.
POWELL & D.O. KOLLE])
2013: Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage
Description
stem
shape: forming cushions, - 500 stems, cylindrical, erect
height/diameter: - 500 / 70 - 100
contents
epidermis colour: light green
rib shape: slight bumps
number/width: 10 - 17 / 5 - 10
height/distance: 5 - 10 / 10 - 25
root: branched, fibrous
spination
areole shape: round
length/diameter/distance: - 4 / - 4 / 20 - 30
radials: number/length: 7 - 10 / 15 - 40
colour: white - yellowy - brownish
radials: arrangement/shape: adjacent, spreading / stiff, straight
centrals: number/length: 2 - 4 (- 5) / 40 - 100
colour: yellowy - brownish
centrals: arrangement/shape: adjacent, spreading / stiff, straight
flower
flower-bud: rounded, spined, green - later pinkish
flower shape: funnel-shaped
length/diameter: - 120 / 100 - 150
flower colour: crimson-magenta, throat lighter-white
tube: length/diameter: 25 - 35 / 15 - 35
colour: green - olive-green
ovary: length/diameter: 18 - 25 / 15 - 19
colour: green
spination/length/colour: 3 - 9 / - 30 / white
wool/length: felty / 1
petals length/width: 60 - 78 / 15 - 25
nectar-chamber: length/width: 5 - 8 / - 4
filament: length/colour: 10 - 20 / white - greenish
anther colour/pollen colour: yellow / yellow
style length/width/colour: 40 - 60 / 2 – 2.5 / white
stigma lobes: number/length: 9 - 13 / 8 - 10
colour: green
fruit
shape/maturity time: oval / 2,5 - 3 months
length/diameter/colour: - 50 / - 40 / red
pulp: pinkish - red
peculiarity: splitting
seed
length/width/colour: 1.0 – 1.4 / 0.9 – 1.25 / black
microstructure: perforated testa, without or with weak cell boundary lines
warts structure: clearly visible medium - coarse folding of the cuticle
structure of warts caps: without up clearly visible coarse folding of the cuticle
chromosome number: 2n = 44
habitat
terrain/soil/height: hilly to mountainous shrub desert / on limestone / 1100 - 1500 m NN
range:
USA: W Texas, SE New Mexico;
México: northern Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León
2a: E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus (Förster ex Schumann) W. Blum stat. nov.
contents
Basionym
Echinocereus conglomeratus Förster ex Schumann. - Gesamtbeschreibung der Kakteen (1899: 278)
Locus classicus
México: Nuevo León, by Rinconada (west of Monterrey)
Neotype
(cf. Blum, Lange, Rischer & Rutow, Echinocereus, 1998: 160).
México: Nuevo León: Rinconada, BRECKENRIDGE 349 leg. 30 August 1981 [SRSC, without number]
contents
Synonym
Cereus conglomeratus (Förster) Berger. - Rep.Mo.Bot.Gard. 16: 81 (1905)
Echinocereus enneacanthus var. conglomeratus (Förster) L. Benson. - Cact.Succ.J. (U.S.) 46 (2): 80 (1974)
E. stramineus var. conglomeratus (Förster) Bravo. - Cact.Succ.Mex. 19 (2): 47 (1974)
Invalid published
E. conglomeratus Förster ex J. N. Haage. - Preisverzeichniss über Cacteen und Succulenten: 22 (1860)
nom. nud.
E. conglomeratus Förster ex Seitz. - Cat.cact.cult.: 10 (1870) nom. nud.
Echinocactus conglomeratus Mathsson. - Gartenflora 39: 465 (1890) nom. nud.
Echinocereus conglomeratus var. robustior Haage JR. - Cacteen-Cultur: 117 (1892) nom. nud.
Etymology
conglomeratus = Latin name for clustered together
Taxonomic history
1860: E. conglomeratus Förster ex J.N. Haage (where published by Förster we could not identify)
1890: E. conglomeratus Förster ex Mathsson (first location specified by Rinconada)
1899: E. conglomeratus Förster ex Schumann (first descriptive data)
1905: Cereus conglomeratus (Förster) Berger
1974: Echinocereus enneacanthus var. conglomeratus (Förster) L. Benson
1974: Echinocereus stramineus var. conglomeratus (Förster) H. Bravo-Hollis
Taxon determining characteristics
- stems: 45 - 70 mm in diameter
- more ribs: 12 - 17
- smaller flowers: 50 - 70 mm in diameter
- smaller fruit: nur bis 30 mm in diameter
- larger seeds:
length / width / colour: 1.2 – 1.4 / 1.1 – 1.25 / black
microstructure: perforated testa, with weak cell boundary lines
warts structure: clearly visible coarse folding of the cuticle
structure of warts caps: without up clearly visible medium folding of the cuticle
range
México: south-eastern Coahuila, southern Nuevo León,
2b: Echinocereus stramineus (G. Engelmann) F. Sencke ex J.N. Haage subsp. stramineus
Synonym
E. enneacanthus var. stramineus (Engelmann) L. Benson. - Cact. Succ. J. (U.S.) 41: 127 (1969)
Invalid published
Echinocereus bolansis RUNGE. In Haage JR. - Cacteen-Cultur: 117 (1892) nom. nud.
E. stramineus forma major SCHELLE. - Handb.Kakteenkultur: 136 (1907) nom. nud.
E. stramineus var. ruberimus FRIC. - Ceskoslov Zahradnickyeh Listu: 121 (1924) nom. nud.
E. stramineus var. spinarosa FRIC. - Ceskoslov Zahradnickyeh Listu: 121 (1924) nom. nud.
E. stramineus var. major HORT. ex BORG. - Cacti: 222 (1951) nom. nud.
contents
Etymology
stramineus = Latin name for straw-coloured spines
Taxon determining characteristics
- stems: 70 - 100 mm in diameter
- fewer ribs: 10 - 13
- larger flowers: 100 - 180 mm in diameter
- larger fruits: 30 - 50 mm in diameter
- smaller seeds:
length / width / colour: 1.0 – 1.2 / 0.9 – 1.1 / black
microstructure: perforated testa, without cell boundary lines
contents
E. stramineus subsp. stramineus, Mexico, Coahuila, south Cuatro Ciénegas.
Photo: Uli Dosedal.
E. stramineus subsp. stramineus, Mexico, Coahuila, south Cuatro Ciénegas.
Photo: María Magdalena Salinas Rodríguez
contents
warts structure: clearly visible medium folding of the cuticle
structure of warts caps: without visible folding of the cuticle
contents
contents
E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus, Mexico, Nuevo Leon, Riconada.
E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus, Mexico, Nuevo Leon, Riconada.
Photo: G. Matuszewski.
contents
E. stramineus subsp. conglomeratus, Mexico, Coahuila, Huachichil (El Huache).
Aknowledgements
I want to thank all those who contributed to the writing and publication of this article. Specifically, I want
to thank (in alphabetical order).
Dosedal, Ulrich, Rhauderfehn, GERMANY
García-Pérez, José, MEXICO
Goris, Rene, BELGIEN
Matuszewski, Grzegorz, POLAND
Salinas Rodríguez, María Magdalena, MEXICO
for making available info and visual material, also for their general support:
ASU (Herbarium School of Life Sciences Arizona State University)
DES (Herbarium Research Department Desert Botanical Garden)
GBH Herbarium of Geo. B. Hinton
K (Herbarium Royal Botanic Gardens)
MEXU (Herbario Nacional Departamento de Botánica Instituto de Biología
Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México)
SLPM (Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí)
SRSC (A. Michael Powell Herbarium Department of Biology Sul Ross State University)
contents
Bibliographical References:
BACKEBERG, C. (1960): Die Cactaceae, Band IV, Cereoideae: 1970 - 2083. - VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena
BACKEBERG, C. (1963): Die Cactaceae, Band VI: 3845 - 3856. - VEB Gustav Fischer Verlag, Jena
BENSON, L. (1941): Taxonomic studies. II. Studies of the south-western cacti. - American Journal of Botany
(Amer.J.Bot.) 28 (6): 358 - 364
BENSON, L. (1969): Cactaceae. In: LUNDELL et al. - Flora of Texas, Vol. 2. Texas Research Foundation, Renner,
Texas
BENSON, L. (1974): New Taxa and nomenclatural changes. - Cact.Succ.J. (U.S.) 46 (2): 80
BENSON, L. (1982): The Cacti of the United States and Canada. - Stanford University Press, Stanford, California
BERGER, A. (1905): A systematic revision of the genus Cereus. - Missouri Botanical Garden 16th Annual Report
(Rep.Mo.Bot.Gard.) 16: 79 - 81
BLUM, W., LANGE, M., RISCHER, W. & RUTOW, J. (1998): ECHINOCEREUS. – Selbstverlag J. Rutow, Aachen
contents
contents
[Oktober 1998, appendix C as a Preprint (ZSS 3.April 1998)]
BIGELOW, J.M. (1857): Additional notes and corrections. - Pacific Railroad Reports, Vol. IV: addenda
BRAVO, H. (1937): Echinocererus longisetus. - Las Cactáceas de México, ed. 1: Fig. 189
BRAVO-HOLLIS, H. (1974): Nuevas combinaciónes II - Cact.Succ.Mex. 19 (2): 47
BRAVO-HOLLIS, H. & SÁNCHEZ-MEJORADA, H. (1991): Las Cactáceas de México. - Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Vol. II
BRECKENRIDGE, F.G. & MILLER, J.M. (1982): Pollination biology, distribution and chemotaxonomy of the
Echinocereus enneacanthus complex (Cactaceae). - Systematic Botany (Syst.Bot.) 7 (4): 365 - 378
BRITTON, N.L. & ROSE, J.N. (1922): The Cactaceae, Vol. III : 3 - 44. - Publication No. 248 of the Carnegie
Institution of Washington
BUXBAUM, F. (1957): Morphologie der Kakteen. In: H. KRAINZ. - Die Kakteen
CORBETT, T.L. (1996/97): The Echinocereus-Index. - published in INTERNET
COULTER, J.M. (1896): Preliminary revision of the North American species of Cactus, Anhalonium, and
Lophophora. - Contr.U.S.Nat.Herb., Vol. III., Washington 3: 355 - 462
EGGLI, U. (1993): Glossary of botanical terms with special reference to succulent plants. - British Cactus &
Succulent Society, Richmond, Surrey
ENGELMANN, G. (1856): Synopsis of the Cactaceae of the United States and adjacent regions (Synopsis
Cact.U.S.), reprinted with corrections in: - Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences (Proc.
Amer.Acad.) 3: 278 - 286, 314, 345 - 346 {1857}
ENGELMANN, G. & BIGELOW, J.M. (1857): Description of the Cactaceae. In: A.W. WHIPPLE. - Reports of
exploration and surveys for a railroad from the Mississippi River to Pacific Ocean (U.S. Senate Rept.
Expl.&.Surv.R.R Route Pacific Ocean.), Botany 4: 27 - 58 {1856}
ENGELMANN, G. (1859): Cactaceae of the Boundary. In: W.H. EMORY. - Rept.U.S.and.Mex.Bound.Surv. 2: 32
FOERSTER, C.F. (1886): Handb.Cakteenk., ed. 2: 773 - 834. - Verlag von Im.Tr. Wöller, Leipzig
FUERSCH, H. (1993): Bemerkungen zum Artbegriff. - Der Echinocereenfreund 6 (4): 87 - 91, AG Echinocereus
der DKG
HAAGE, F.A. (1867): Verzeichniss über Cacteen, Agaven, Aloen, Yucca und andere Fettpflanzen 45: 8
HUNT, D. (2006): The New Cactus Lexicon, Vol. 1 & 2. – dh books. Milbourne Port
MATHSSON, A. (1890): Reisebericht eines Cacteensammlers in México. - Gartenflora 39: 464 - 465
MOORE, W. (1967): Echinocereus enneacanthus-dubius-stramineus complex. - Brittonia 19: 93 – 94
RISCHER, W. & BRECKWOLDT S. & K. (2009): Echinocereus stramineus (Engelmann) F.A. Haage ssp. occidentalis
(N.P. Taylor) N.P. Taylor- Ecf.: 22(1): 23 (2009)
RUEMPLER, T. (1886): In FOERSTER. - Carl Friedrich Förster’s Handbuch Cacteenkunde (Handb.¬Cacteenk.),
ed. 2: 775 - 834. Verlag von Im.Tr. Wöller, Leipzig
SCHUMANN, K. (1897): Gesamtbeschreibung der Kakteen (Gesamtb.Kakteen), Nachträge (1903). - Neudamm
SEITZ, F. (1870): Catalogus cactearum cultarum (Cat.cact.cult.): 9 - 11. - Prag
STANDLEY, P.C. (1908): Some Echinocerei of New Mexico. - Bull.Torr.Bot.Club 35: 77 - 88
TAYLOR, N.P. (1985): The Genus Echinocereus, A Kew Magazine Monograph. - Collingridge Books in association
with The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
TAYLOR, N.P. (1988): Supplementary notes on Mexican Echinocereus (1). - Bradleya 6: 65 - 84, British Cactus
and Succulent Society, 4 Hargate Close, Summerseat Bury, Lancs. BL9 5NU
TAYLOR, N.P. (1997): In: HUNT. - Cactaceae Consensus Initiatives (Cact.Cons.Init.) 3: 8 - 14
WEEDIN, J.F., POWELL, A.M. & KOLLE, D.O. (1989): Chromosome numbers in Chihuahuan Desert Cactaceae.
II. Trans-Pecos Texas. - The south-western Naturalist 34: 160 - 164
WENIGER, D. (1970): Cacti of the Southwest. - University of Texas Press, Austin
WENIGER, D. (1984): Cacti of Texas and neighboring States. - University of Texas Press, Austin
WOOTON, E.O. & STANDLEY, P.C. (1915): Flora of New Mexico. - Contr.U.S.Nat.Herb. 19: 454 - 457
Dr. José Arturo de Nova Vázquez
Coordinador Académico, Herbario Isidro Palacios
Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
Altair No. 200 Colonia del Llano
San Luis Potosí 78377, México
Phone: (52-44) 4842-2475 ext 119
E-mail: [email protected]
Dr. Pedro Castillo-Lara
Profesor Investigador
Instituto de Investigación de Zonas Desérticas
Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí
Altair 200, Fracc. Del Llano
78377 San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, México.
Phone: 842-1146 ext. 103
E-mail: [email protected]
Wolfgang Blum
Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Straße 29
76467 Bietigheim
Telefon: +49 (0)7245 2142
E-Mail: [email protected]
Xerophilia – Special Issue, No. 7.2 - October 2015
www.xerophilia.ro
ISSN 2285-3987

A new subspecies of Echinocereus occidentalis in

Transcrição

Documentos relacionados

35 Anniversary

Fact sheet