Lista 24

ABORTION ( UFU )
A Personal Decision
Sexual Education in Brazil
In Brazil there is not a clear position about sexual
education in the schools, however, the government is
developing educational programs about sex. For example,
in São Paulo - one of the largest Brazilian city - more than
110 schools has participated in a project about sexual
education for students of the seventh and eighth grade.
The Ministry of Education is planning to introduce sexual
education in the school curriculum in schools of the first
and secondary levels.
(
(
) adopts a restricted curriculum about sexual
education in schools.
) encourages the discussion of many subjects about
sex in schools
02.Quais
são
os
princípios
PregnancyDiscriminationAct (PDA )”?
(
(
(
do
“The
) Dar suporte as mulheres grávidas contra
preconceito.
) Para discriminar contra as mulheres grávidas no
seus empregos.
) Para assegurar tratamento igual no local de
trabalho.
) Para evitar contratar mulheres grávidas.
Sexual Education in the U.S.A.
(
The United States does not have a national policy on
sex education. Currently, nearly all states require or
encourage the inclusion of sex education in the public school
curriculum. There are, however, no national guidelines on
the content or quality of sex education. Because sex
education in the public school system is governed by state
guidelines, there are great variations in the scope and
content of the subject matter taught. For example, a recent
study of state sex education curricula assessed that many
important subjects, such as abortion, are often omitted from
state guides. Recently it was published in the newspaper that
the curriculum to be adopted in the schools about sex, would
be simply the "abstinence" and that it would not be
permitted to discuss about contraceptives or any other
method of family planning.
Family planning and sex education is also
provided at government-funded family planning clinics.
The Program Guidelines for Project Grants for Family
Planning Services under the Title X program, described
earlier, require that "[e]ducation services should provide
clients with the information they need to make informed
decisions about family planning, [and] to use specific
methods of contraception." However, the staff of the
clinics are forbidden to give information about abortion
or to indicate where to have one.
03.De acordo com o “ The Family LeaveAct”, quando as
Discrimination Related to Reproduction
The Pregnancy Discrimination Act the "PDA")
protects
pregnant
women
from
discriminatory
employment practices. Under the PDA, "women affected
by pregnancy, childbirth, or related medical conditions"
shall be treated the same for all employment-related
purposes as other persons not similarly affected.
Family Leave Act
In 1993, the federal government enacted the
Family Leave Act which entitles employees to 12 weeks of
leave during any 12-month period in the event of
parenthood. Employers, however, are not required to pay
their employees during such a leave.
01.According to the text , the American government
(
(
) obliges all American public schools to include
sexual education in their curriculum.
) has a clear national policy on sexual education.
mulheres grávidas dão a luz, elas
( ) tem o direito de ficar em casa por três meses.
( ) sempre recebem seu salário durante o período que
ficam fora do emprego.
( ) podem ser pagas durante o período que ficam fora
do emprego.
( ) sempre recebem todos os benefícios dos seus
empregadores.
04. According to the text, the Brazilian government
(
(
(
(
) develops sexual educational programs in schools.
) has distinct objectives about sexual education in
schools.
) has already introduced sexual educations in
schools.
) intends to offer sexual education to students of the
primary and secondary levels.
A DEATH PENALTY THAT WORKS ?( IFG )
You’re stopped at a traffic light on a street corner
in a major Brazilian city. It’s rush hour and you’re blocked
– nothing’s moving. Suddenly your peripheral vision
warns your of the kid – just before his gun barrel taps on
the driver’s window. Your life is in danger and there’s
nothing you can do about it. Except … wait a minute …
the kid is not there. In fact ,he never was … Too good to e
true ? Not if he was never been born, that is , not if he had
been aborted.
(…) Abortion in Brazil is illegal except in the case
of rape or life-threatening pregnancy. Yet , the Federal
Government, in seeking ways to lower Brazil’s
horrendous rate of violent crime, might well consider
legalizing abortion as one of the most positive steps it
could take.
Vocabulary:
warn – alertar,
rape – estupro,
seek – procurar ,buscar.
05.O texto afirma que:
(
(
) o aborto é uma forma horrenda de crime
) o aborto poderia ser uma forma de se evitar crimes
violento
(
) o aborto deve ser legalizado no Brasil para que se
evite a morte materna;
06.Sobre a estrutura do texto, é correto afirmar que:
( ) o pronome “ it “ repete a idéia da situação de perigo
em que se encontra a personagem;
( ) “ he “ é um pronome que retoma a palavra kid
( ) a frase “ one of the most positive steps ... “
estabelece uma comparação entre legalização e
crime.
( ) “ Suddenly “ é um advérbio que expressa o modo
como a ação se desenrolou .
Abortion in Brazil(UNIMONTES)
Abortion is currently illegal in Brazil, except if the
pregnancy puts the life of the woman in danger, or if the
pregnancy is the result of a rape. The punishment for a
woman which performs an abortion on herself or consents
to an abortion performed by another is based in one to
three years of detention. The base penalty for a third part
that performs an illegal abortion in a woman, with her
approval, varies from one to four years of reclusion, with
the possibility of elevation by one third if the woman gets
any physical harm, and can be doubled if she dies. Criminal
penalties fixed in four years or less can be converted to
non-incarceration punishments, such as community service
and compulsory donation to charity.
(www.blackmagpietheory.com, 20/9/10 – with adaptations).
07.De acordo com o texto, o aborto no Brasil é legal,
unicamente:
a) se houver consentimento da grávida em fazê-lo.
b) se não se ultrapassar o terceiro mês de gestação para
realizá-lo.
c) se houver anuência da família da gestante para que ele
ocorra.
d) nos casos de estupro ou quando houver risco de morte
da grávida.
08.Em se tratando desse texto, pode-se afirmar sobre o
aborto, no Brasil:
a) Em alguns casos, a pena tanto pode ser amenizada
como pode deixar de existir.
b) Os casos de aborto podem levar à detenção dos
envolvidos.
c) Dos envolvidos em casos de aborto, apenas a gestante
consegue autorização para converter sua pena
emserviços à comunidade.
d) Tem-se dobrado o número de mães as quais praticam
abortos que têm como consequência a morte.
09.Tomando como base esse texto, pode-se afirmar sobre
o aborto que:
a) essa é uma prática que pode ser realizada pela própria
mãe gestante.
b) as únicas punições fora do cárcere, existentes para
esse crime, são os serviços comunitários.
c) essa prática somente se dá com o consentimento legal
da gestante e dos médicos, independentemente
domotivo que a justifique.
d) tal prática se dá somente diante de gravidezes
complicadas, única razão legal para isso.
(
) não haveria violência se o menino não estivesse na
rua.
10.Por meio desse texto, constata-se sobre o aborto que,
EXCETO
a) a prática do aborto pode levar à morte da gestante.
b) a prática do aborto pode deixar sequelas físicas na
gestante.
c) há casos em que o aborto, do ponto de vista clínico,
não se pode dar.
d) há casos em que o aborto, do ponto de vista legal, não
se pode dar.
Papa don’t preach
Papa I know you____ _________ _____ upset
cause I was always your little girl
But you should know by now
I_______ ________ a baby
You always taught me right from wrong
I need your help, daddy please be strong
I may be young at heart
But I know what I______ __________
The one you warned me all about
The one you said I could do without
Were in an awful mess, and I don’t mean maybe - please
Chorus:
Papa don’t preach, I’m in trouble deep
Papa don’t preach, I__ _____ ________ _________
But I made up my mind, I__ _____ ___ _____ oh
I’m gonna keep my baby, mmm...
He says that he___ _________ __ _________ me
We can raise a little family
Maybe we’ll be all right
Its a _____________
But my friends keep _________ me to _______it ___
Saying I’m too young, I ought to live it up
What I need right now is some good advice, please
(chorus)
Daddy, daddy if you could only see
Just how good he__ ________ ______________ me
You’d give us your ____________ right now
cause we are in love, we are in love, so please
(chorus)
Papa don’t preach, I’m in trouble deep
Papa don’t preach, I__ _______ _________ _______
(repeat)
Oh, I’m gonna keep my baby, ooh
Don’t you stop loving me daddy
I know, I____ ____________ my baby
Cartoon 1
UNB
1 – O que pode-se inferir que a filha vai dizer ao pai?
2 – De acordo com o cartoon qual é a visão do pai em
relação ao aborto?
I
II
There are over 6,400 species of amphibians
foundworldwide, except in Antarctica and Greenland.
Amphibians arevertebrates and include animals such as
frogs, toads, salamanders, newts and worm-like caecilians.
They can be found on land or in fresh water for they live in
a variety of habitats from deserts to rain forests, permanent
ponds or high mountain meadows. Most amphibians have
four limbs and are cold-blooded, that is, they use the
environment to regulate their body temperature. These
creatures spend part of their life in water, and the other
part on land.
IIIIV
Internet: <www.kidport.com> (adapted).
11.Based on the text above, judge the items below.
(
(
(
VVI
(
(
) Amphibians have four limbs.
) Amphibians depend on local ambient conditions to
keep their bodies safe at the right temperature.
) Amphibians are able to live in water as well as on
land.
) There are at least six thousand species of amphibians
found all over the world.
) Six species of amphibians are the ones known the
world over.
Text II
The Age of Discovery, also known as the Age of
Exploration, was a period in history starting in the early
15th century and continuing into the early 17th century. The
Portuguese began systematically exploring the Atlantic
coast, eventuallyreaching the Indian Ocean. In 1492, racing
to find a trade route toAsia, the Spanish monarchs funded
Christopher Columbus’s planto sail west to reach the Indies
by crossing the Atlantic. He landedon an uncharted
continent, then seen by Europeans as a new worldand later
called America. To prevent conflict between Portugal
andSpain, a treaty was signed dividing the world into two
vast territories. In 1498, an expedition led by Vasco da
Gama finallyachieved the Portuguese dream of reaching
India, as he sailed around Africa, opening up direct trade
with Asia.
VIIVIII
Internet: <www.an.wikipedia.org> (adapted).
12.According to the text, it can be concluded that
(
IX
(
(
) Portugal and Spain signed an agreement dividing the
newly-discovered world into two regions to be
exploited exclusively by them.
th
) the Age of Discovery took place in the late 15 and
th
early 17 centuries.
) Christopher Columbus came across the North
American continent on his way to India.
th
(
) Vasco da Gama, by the end of 15 century, sailed
westward in an attempt to reach India.
para o problema seria diminuir o tempo de uso da
máquina.
b) expõe dados sobre o mau uso do computador pelas
crianças, o que acarreta problemas emocionais e
devisão, e propõe soluções para os problemas.
c) revela que as crianças têm tido problemas visuais, em
virtude da exposição intensiva ao monitor e
sugeremedidas para prevenir os problemas.
d) relata o tempo gasto pelas crianças no computador, as
atividades realizadas e os conselhos de pediatras epais
para evitar problemas de visão.
15.Analisando as informações expressas no texto, é
13.Based on the cartoon, it can be inferred that
a)
b)
c)
d)
the two men love pollution.
man is to blame for sea pollution.
the raft is a long way from dry land.
it was noon when the two men found visual evidence of
dry land.
Children and Computer Vision Syndrome(UEG)
The average American child now spends one to
three hours per day on the computer doing
homework,talking online with friends, and playing games.
Parents encourage children as young as two or three years
old touse the computer.
Many pediatric computer vision eye doctors believe
that heavy computer use among children puts themat risk
for early myopia. They point to several recent studies as
evidence that computers can have a negativeimpact on a
child's vision.
Sitting for hours in front of a computer screen
stresses a child's eyes because the computer forces
thechild's vision system to focus and strain a lot more than
any other task. Twenty years ago, most children
playedoutside, and their distant vision was more important.
Today, most children work at a computer either at home
orschool each day. Sitting in front of a computer and
staring at a computer screen is causing vision problems
thatwere not known years ago.
Tips for Preventing Computer Vision Syndrome in
Children
1. Before starting school, every child should have a
comprehensive eye exam, including near-point(computer
and reading) and distance testing.
2. Workstations should be arranged to suit a child — not an
adult.
3. The recommended distance between the monitor and the
eye for children is 18-28 inches. By viewingthe computer
screen closer than 18 inches, children risk straining their
eyes.
4. Parents and teachers should be aware of any behavior
that indicates potential problems, such as eyeredness,
frequent rubbing of the eyes, head turns and other unusual
postures, or complaints ofblurriness or eye fatigue.
Avoidance of the computer may also be an indication of
discomfort.
Disponível em: http://www.allaboutvision.com/parents/children-computer-visionsyndrome.htm. Acesso em: 5 set . 2007. [Adaptado].
14.Resumindo-se o texto, é CORRETO afirmar que o
autor
a) aborda problemas de visão de crianças causados pela
exposição excessiva ao computador; uma dassoluções
CORRETO afirmar:
a) Há 20 anos, a maioria das crianças utilizava a visão de
longa distância, algo que os computadores
impedematualmente.
b) Pediatras responsabilizam os pais pelos problemas
visuais causados pelo computador por incentivarem
ascrianças a pesquisas e brincadeiras virtuais.
c) Estudos recentes concluíram que a exposição
excessiva ao computador leva ao desenvolvimento de
miopia.
d) Crianças têm começado a usar o computador cada vez
mais cedo tanto para estudos quanto para lazer,
seguindo o exemplo de seus pais e professores.
16.Para evitar problemas de visão em crianças por causa
do uso do computador, é aconselhável:
a) No início do ano letivo, fazer exames de vista para
trabalho no computador e leitura em geral.
b) Manter-se a uma distância fixa de 18 ou 28 polegadas
entre o usuário e o monitor.
c) Pais e professores não devem deixar as crianças
coçarem os olhos que estejam vermelhos ou
embaçados.
d) Adequar os equipamentos para uso das crianças, e não
dos adultos.
Leia as informações na capa da revista Time. A questão 17
refere-se a elas.
SUFFIX: LY = MENTE (transforma um adjetivo em
Advérbio de modo)
slowly(lentamente)
carefully(cuidadosamente)
easily(facilmente)
truly(verdadeiramente)
SUFFIXES: FUL=cheio de /LESS =
ausência
(transforma Substantivo em Adjetivo)
careful = cuidadoso
painful = dolorido
(indolor)
harmful = prejudicial
powerful = poderoso
indica
falta,
careless = descuidado
painless = sem dor
harmless =inofensivo
powerless = ineficaz
SUFFIX: NESS (transforma adjetivos em substantivos
abstratos)
happiness (felicidade)
darkness (escuridão)
madness (loucura)
kindness (bondade)
PREFIX:OVER(indica excesso)
17.De acordo com a manchete sobre ataque cardíaco, é
CORRETO inferir que o artigo discorrerá sobre:
a) o uso de técnicas tradicionais no auxílio de tratamentos
e cirurgias cardíacas.
b) o uso de exames médicos que contribuem para a
detecção de problemas cardíacos, evitando-se
cirurgias.
c) a contribuição dos médicos no desenvolvimento de
novos procedimentos cirúrgicos.
d) como as novas tecnologias podem salvar o paciente
durante um ataque cardíaco.
PREFIX: I - (indica negação-i)
illiterate (analfabeto)
disadvantage
immortal (imortal)
PREFIX: IM,IN,IR,UN ( indicam negação)
irresponsible(irresponsável)
imperfect(imperfeito)
irreversible(irreversível)
impermeable(impermeável)
impolite (impolido)
unhappy(infeliz)
undone(inacabado)
unfair(injusto)
PREFIX
RE = INDICA FAZER NOVAMENTE
to replay (tocar novamente)
torewrite(reescrever)
SUFFIX: - TY = DADE (transforma um adjetivo em
substântivo)
cruelty(crueldade)
opportunity(oportunidade)
curiosity (curiosidade)
nationality(nacionalização)
loyalty(lealdade)
crescimento excessivo
dose excessiva
super lotado,
SUFFIX: Y (transforma substantivo em adjetivo) oso ,
ado
rainy (chuvoso)
sunny (ensolarado)
bloody ( ensanguentado
noisy (ruidoso)
SUFFIXES: ER, OR, AR
que faz a ação do verbo)
Toteach (ensinar) Tovisit (visitar) To lie (mentir) -
PREFIXES AND SUFFIXES
1.PREFIX:DIS- (indica negação - des-)
disagree (discordar)
(desvantagem)
Overgrowth =
Overdose =
Overfull =
transbordante
(indicam a pessoa ou coisa
teacher(professor)
visitor (visitante)
liar (mentiroso)
SUFFIX: EN (transforma adjetivo em verbo )
Bright (claro) Weak (fraco) (enfraquecer)
Loose (frouxo) -
to brighten (clarear)
to weaken
to loosen (afrouxar)
SUFFIX: ESS (forma o feminino de algumas palavras)
Actor (ator) God (Deus) Prince (príncipe) Waiter (garçon) -
actress (atriz)
goddess (Deusa)
princess (princesa)
waitress (garconete)