Birds of Morris County, New Jersey
Transcrição
Birds of Morris County, New Jersey
x885.] ]?ecen• œ•t'terature. 4_2I swifts, hummingøbirds, night-hawks, etc.. in which there is never anv emargination. "Again, the emargination varies in extent, being limited in many bird.• to the first primary alone, and to the extreme apical portion of this; in others it occurs on the apical portion only, say for two to four inches, of perhapsthe outer four to six primaries; while in very many birds, inclading the turkey bnzzard and its allies, and many hawks, it extends to the basal third or fourth of all the outer primaries. "}laving now shown that interlocking does not and cannot take place• it may be worth while further to point out flint it isunnecessary. "In a soaring bird, no great muscular tension is called into action. The large pectoral muscles,which move the wings up and down• are in a state ofequilibrinm, and under very slight tension, not more tl•an are •l•e muscles of a man's arm when the arm is in an ordinary position of rest. The mechanism of the bony fi'amework is such, as has been ah'eady shown, that the wing is kept extended in such a way that there can be only very slight strain on any of the numerousmusclesof the wing itsell; The extension of the primaries is automatically etl•cted by the extension of the wing, and results in no special strain, when once the wing is fully extended,upon any of the muscleswhosefunction is to flex and extend the outer orphalangeal segments of the pinion. Ilence the comparison made at the meeting of December x2th, of a man's arm held extended at a right angle to the body, in an unnatural position, with a bird's wing held extended in soaring, in a perfectly natural position, was wholly irrelevant. "The hypothesisof the interlocking of the primaries during protracted soaring, to conserve energy and lessen fatigue, has not only no basis in fact, bat is entirely gratuitous."--E. C. Birds of Morris County, New Jersey.--Nearly a year ago the list to which attention is now called* was published in a local newspaper, and as the distribntion of NexvJerseybirds is known inferentiallyrather than by any recentand reliablepublishedinformation,such an excellentlist as the presentone seemsworthy of wider notice. It is the result of over four years'work in the northernpart of the Stateand numbers2o5 species and subspecies, not a large number,to be sure,but it mast be remembered that Morris county is inland, and the usual array of water birds that goes to swell many lists is thereforewanting, although some occur as stragglers. The summer residentsare mostly Alleghanian with a considerable sprinkling of Carolinian forths, such as Cardinalls cardinalt5, Set'urttsmotacilla, Mt'ntus•olyfflottos, Thryothorus ludow'c•'anus,P•tru.• bicolor, and others less distinctive, while little needs be said of the migrantsand accidentalvisitors recorded. Fe•v local lists can boastof two speciesrelegatedto the hypotheticalllst of the A. O. U. CheckList A specimenof Helm[utho•ht'lalawreucei, and txvoof t[. leucobro•tchhtlL• *A List of Birds of Morris County, New Jersey. By E. Carleton Thurber. True DemocraticBanner,Morristown,N.J., Nov. xo, x7,24, x887. 422 Recen/ [•t'tcralttrc. [October are here recorded,and referenceis made to tbe type of the lk•rmerspecies secured just over the line, in Essex County. The brief annotations retbr mostly to tbeabundanceof the speciesand the datesof rare capturesare usually given. There are lk)ur species that one would expect to find in- eludedwhichlmveevidentlynotbeenmetwith by our author,L e, doJtax ]•tt.•t'llus lraillii, E. acadt'cus, Geolhlyjbis•brmosa, and •tl[ct'(e(including, perhaps, blcknelli). These are found near Nexv York City, where the fimna may be said to be ahnost identical with that of Mm'ris County, but wltb these exceptionsthe list seemscomplete savefor tbc probable fi•ture records of accidental visitors. Though ]•orzana carolina is called a "common migrant," it has been known to breed in the County near XVhippany,and it may breedabundantly. Ammoclramu.• cattat•tctt•tt$ is said to be "not nncommon." Occurring as it does on fresh water marshes, the question naturally suggestsitseli',may this not he ttel.•ont'• Further comment seems unnecessary. The list bears evide•ce of unusnal care in its compilation,and is wortbyof more prominence than is foundin the columnsof a local newspaper.--J. D., Jm Publications Received.--Blasius• Rudolf. (•) Die Vogelxvelt der Stadt Braunschweig und ihrer niichsten Umgebung. (Verein flit Naturw. zu Braunschweig,V Jabresber.fiir •886-87, pp. 59-xx6.) (2) 3[crgrusanotart'us Eimbeck, eln Bastard zwischen )l•lerffusalbellus Linn. und Glaucœon cla•4rttlaLinn. (Monatschrift des Deutschen Vereins zum Schutzeder Vogelwelt, XII Jahrg., x887,No. x4.) Blasius, R., A. Reichenow, u. and. X. Jahresbericht (x885) desAusschussesfiir Beobachtungsstationender V6gel Deutschlands. (Jom'n. t'iir Orn., Oct. xSS7, pp. 337-648.) Blasius, Wilh. (x) Die V6gel yon Palawan. (Ornis, •$S.) (2) BeitrS. ge zur Kenntnissder Vogelfimnayon Celel)e.•.III. (Zeitschriœt ftir die ges. Ornithologie, •886, Heft 3') Evermann, B. W., and O. P. Jenkins. Ornithology fi'om a Railroad Train. (Orn. lit O61., May, Lucas. F.A. Tbe Home of the Great Auk. (Pop. Set.Monthly,Aug. iSSS,pp. 456-464.) Ramsey, E. P. Catalogue of the Australian Accipitres or 1)iurnal Birds of Prey inbabiting Australia, in the Collection of the Australian Museum at Sidney. N. S.W. 8vo., x876. (From Australian Museum, •vitl• eight other publicationsof the Museum.) Shufeldt,R.W. Osteologyof l)orzanacaroh'n•t. (Journ.Comp.Med. & Surg.,July, x888.) Tschusi zu Schmidhoffen,Victor Ritter von. Die Vcrbreitung und der Zug des Tannenhehers(2Vuct_'/ka•,a caryoca&tctcs L.), mir besonderer Berficksichtigungseines Auftretens im tlerbste und Winter, •885, und Bemcrkungentiber seine beiden Varietaten: 2V'ztct•/3'a'•ra caryocatacles ]htc/tyr,•,ynchtts undle]3toriyltc]tu•' R. Bias. (Verhandl.derk. k. zoologischbotanischenGesells.in Wien, Jahrg. xSSS, pp. 4o7-5o6,pl. xi.) (2) Die ornithologi•che Literatur Oe•terrelch-Ungarns, x887. (Mirth. des Orn.