hfc bs[jdc cfvij,kj0

Transcrição

hfc bs[jdc cfvij,kj0
IF,FS
B 7 ! BFYDFH
B7
IF,FSB
BFYDFHB
@__% OTKB8
1! +%_#$`
*
UFPTSB LFFHCT,EKBF !)!( OTKC7
CFDCT SFCBS7 CB.DFHEKBS
cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltynb f[fk otkc
ekjwfdc chekbfl cfmfhsdtkjc
cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltynbc
UFYRFHUEKT,F
1!!@!
@__$ okbc #_ ltrtv,thb
m8 s,bkbcb
@__$ okbc cfmfhsdtkjc cf[tkvobaj ghtvbt,bc vbybzt,bc itcf[t,
CFMFHSDTKJC ghtpbltynsfy fhct,ekb kbnthfnehbc7 [tkjdyt,bcf lf fhmbntmnehbc lfhubc cf[tkvobaj ghtvbt,bc rjvbntnbc uflfo.dtnbkt,bc itcf,fvbcfl @__$ okbc cf[tkvobaj ghtvbf lf cf[tkvobaj ghtvbbc kfehtfnbc ojlt,f vbtybzjs5
cf[dbsb [tkjdyt,bc lfhuib5
v[fndfh styubp vbhpfidbkc 2 ,jkj jhb okbc yfveitdht,bcfsdbc8
stfnhfkehb [tkjdyt,bc lfhuib5
ht;bcjh yeupfh kjhsmbafyb&tc7 v[fndfh ]tbhfy afxefidbkc7 vcf[bj,t,c tdf [eneyfidbkc7 fypjh [th[f&tc7 m8 mesfbcbc k8 vtc[bidbkbc cf[tkj,bc frfltvbehb stfnhbc cgtmnfrkt,bcfsdbc5 3f,tiehf4
lf 3fm jltcqfw flfvbfyc ew[jdhbf48
rbyj[tkjdyt,bc lfhuib5
rbyjht;bcjh 2 hjkfyl +vb[j` ,jhfidbkc7 jgthfnjh bujh rhtgcc
lf v[fndfh ujub vbmtkf&tc jhb cfntktdbpbj v[fndhekb-ljrevtynehb abkvbcsdbc5 3upf vfw[jdhbcf4 lf 3ltlfj qdsbcf48
ge,kbwbcnbrbc lfhuib5
sfvfp rdfzfynbhf&tc 2 obuybcfsdbc 3cfcbn.dtsb48
vb[tbk vf[fhf&tc 2 obuybcfsdbc 3fdfynbehf fzfhbc cf[tkbs48
yfyf njybfc7 pehf, rbryf&tc7 ,jylj vfwf,thb&tc7 hecelfy vjcb&tc
2 obuybcfsdbc 3vbsjkjubehb tywbrkjgtlbf .vfodbkt,bcfsdbc4 +cfvnjvtekb`8
VB[TBK CFFRFIDBKB8
ghtpbltynb f[fkb rjycnhemwbbc
yf&dbc [bs rvf.jabkbf
S,BKBCBC vthbbcf lf cfrht,ekjc
ityj,bc oby cff[fkokj yf&dbc [bc
lfvjynf;t,bc ,jkj tnfgib ueiby
cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltynvf vb[tbk
cffrfidbkvf lf mfkfmbc vthvf pehf, zbf,thfidbkvf vbbqtc vjyfobktj,f8
yf&dbc [tc sfdbcb cf,jkjj ltnfkb 2 mbvb pehf, zbf,thfidbkvf
lffluf7 hjvtkcfw mdtvjlfy vb-
[tbk cffrfidbkb uekitvfnrbdhj,lf8
ghtpbltynb f[fkb rjycnhemwbbc yf&dbc [bs rvf.jabkbf8
pehf, zbf,thfidbkvf rb s,bkbctkt,c fqesmdf7 hjv fqybiyekb
yf&dbc [t vjvfdfk otkc s,bkbcbc c[df nthbnjhbfpt uflfbyfwdkt,c7 [jkj sfdbceakt,bc vjtlfypt f[fkb yf&dbc [t lfbluvt,f8
CFFUTYNJ 3CFMFHSDTKJC SDFKB48
UPFL VJVFDKBCRTY
LBLBF CFMFHSDTKJ
hfc bs[jdc cfvij,kj0
VLBYFHT b,flt,f lf vblbc7 vfuhfv velfv bmff7 cflfw bidf8 vfvekbidbkb rfwbw vlbyfhtc /ufdc7 cflfw fh eylf
bfhjc7 vij,tk fkfut,sfyff f[kj8
fb7 fctsb flfvbfybc yfstkabmhbfyb
ueyt,f-ufyo.j,bs eylf vjdfdkj sdfkb xfdkbk lqtt,c8 hflufyfw bv lqtsf iem-xhlbkt,ib vbvjbstcf xdtyb
cb[fhekt,b7 xdtyb uekbcnrtyfyb7 xdtyb bvtlt,b8
bv lqtt,bc7 fye xfdkbkb okbc
wjldf-vflkbs vbdfltmbs f[fkc8 bmyt,
.dtkf vjkjlbyb dth ufvfhsklf7
vfuhfv xdtysdbc gehpt eahj fewbkt,tkb hfvbc 2 vidblj,bc uflfhxtybcfsdbc7 vfbyw vflkj,f tresdybc
xfdkbk otkboflc8
lf fb7 f[fkb okbc gbhdtk lqtc7
it&kt,bclfudfhfl7 uekqbfl ohatkfl vbylf dbkfgfhfrj .dtkfcsfy7
dbyw xtvc cfvij,kj 2 cfmfhsdtkjc
sfdbc cfvij,kjl sdkbc8
.jdtksdbc7 hjwf vt doth fy dkfgfhfrj, +eahj ltlfmfkfmib vtvfhst,f fct`7 vujybf7 sbsmjc vrbs[ekj,ty lf vbcvtyty7 hjujhw fhf
vskfl ibyfehc8 vt fh dfv,j, uekuhbkj,f fy xtvlfvb yfrkt,b .ehflqt,f-lfafct,f ufyvtwfljc8 gbhbmbsfwff [ibhfl8
vbptpb fk,fs xtvb fdnjyjvbtkj,ff8
sevwf7 vt .jdtksdbc dwlbkj,lb
thsb res[t-v[fhbc pjvfpt rb fh ufvjvtzhf cfsmvtkb7 fhfvtl vfvekbc
vskbfyj,bc evfqktcb hovtybs vtkfgfhfrf8 sevwf vfbyw [ctyt,ekb tzdzjzvfybc cbylhjvb vfkek fh vwbklt,jlf8
lf fb7 lqtc7 gbhflfl xtvib7 uflvjyfist,ek fdnjyjvbfc cek vjdikb7 hfsf xtv vbth ufysfdbceakt,ekb xtvb sfdb7 ,jkjc lf ,jkjc7
vskbfyb cfmfhsdtkjc ths chekeakt,bfy gfnhjyfl7 .jdtkudfhb fmfehbmfehtkbc lf&f[t,bc ufhtit7 ofhvjdblubyj8
.jdtkbdt tc rb7 utabwt,bs7 ,tdh
xdtyt,ehc7 xtvpt ufwbkt,bs qhvflfw7 fvjvoehfdflfw7 ufyzdhtnbkfojybkb fmdc lqtc8 fct hjv fh .jabkb.j +ye vbo.tyc dfhlt,bc vqtk-
AFCB
BYAJHVFWBF
VB[TBK CFFRFIDBKB RBTDIB
UEIBY cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltynb vb[tbk cffrfidbkb rbtdib xfahbylf8 bub gbhdtk hbuib erhfbybc ltlfmfkfmbc vsfdfh vjtlfyc
todbf7 cflfw lqtvlt 3rfhdt,bc mfkfmbf4 ufikbkb8 rbtdtkt,b cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltync it&f[bkt,bs
it[dlyty7 bcbyb vfc yfhby]bcath
rfiytt,c c&qdyblyty lf sfdbfys
lhjifpt fdnjuhfabc ofhothfc
cs[jdlyty8 ghtpbltync bmfehb mfhsdtkt,bw ittut,yty8 oe[tk cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltynvf beixtyrjcsfy thsfl f[fkb otkb vbekjwf erhfbytk lf mfhsdtk [fk[t,c8
LFFCF[TKTC J,BTMNEHB
VJCFVFHSKTT,B
vecbrbc lfhuib5
rjvgjpbnjh bjct, rtzf.vf&tc 2 @__@-@__$ okt,ib mfhsekb [fk[ehb gjtpbbc vb[tldbs itmvybkb yfofhvjt,t,bcfsdbc8
CFF[FKOKJL
*
dfht,bc ,tkflb`7 fzfhfib vfibyltkb fnt[bkb cnbmbt,b cfvfhw[dbyj
cbc[kbcvqdhtkj,fib uflfbphlt,jlf
lf fy hecbc7 fy sehmbc ufcfidtkt,kt,b dbmyt,jlbs8
hf smvf eylf7 bq,fkbw bv[fyfl vjvfdfkb ghtpbltynbc v[fhtpt fqvjxylf8 /jlf7 hfcfw bs[jdlf cfvij,kj
vfiby7 cojhtlfw bc vj[lf8
lbf[7 ths hfvtcfw ufdfv[tk f[kfdt5
xdtyb &dbhafcb vb[tbk cffrfidbkb
bv lqtt,ib ufwbkt,bs itvfhsekb7
cfvfhskbfyb lf uvbhekb xfylf8
vfhskfw cfmt,b lf bcnjhbekb hfv
vj[lf8 vfuhfv7 fzfhf lfdb,heytsj7
hjv ufb&f[bfy7 tc xdtyt,ehsf uekt,c
thsudfhfl oborybc8 rb fh 3lfdb,heyts47 of,jh&brt,ekb sfdfldt ofvjluf lf sfdfl lfluf bm7 cflfw cfmfhsdtkjf=
f[fkvjcekb f[fkufphlf obyfv&qjkbw7 bvtlbc iemfl vjtdkj lf
res[tcfw lftn.j cfcbrtsj [tkb8
lf vfbyw7 lffmwbf se ffityf fdnjyjvbfv fzfhf0
B{8 VT-@ UD8
FHFCFVSFDHJ,J jhufybpfwbf 3rjycnbnewbbc $@-t ve[kbc4 fldjrfnt,vf s,bkbcbc cfjkmj cfcfvfhskjc vbth vbqt,ekb okbc thsths j,btmnehb uflfo.dtnbkt,bc
fdnjht,b lffcf[tktc8
hjujhw ueiby jhufybpfwbfib
ufvfhsek ghtcrjyathtywbfpt fldjrfnt,vf dthbrj lfsbfidbkvf
lf vfyfyf rj,f[b&tv ufyfw[fltc7
cfjkmj cfcfvfhskjv @* ltrtv,thc fsokbfyb ofhevfnt,tkb lfdf uflfo.dbnf lf sjhvtnotdhbfyb
j]f[b cfw[jdht,tkb ,byblfy ufvjcf[kt,bcufy b[cyf8
fqybiyekb uflfo.dtnbkt,f flvbybcnhfwbek cfmvtsf cffgtkfwbj
gfkfnbc vjcfvfhsktt,vf ktbkf
vfvekfidbkvf7 bhvf vf[fsf&tv lf
]ev,th hecbfidbkvf ufvjbnfytc8
cfmvt t[t,f ubjhub utkfidbkbc
vhfdfkidbkbfy j]f[c7 hjvtkbw
!))! okblfy s,bkbcib7 vtnt[bc fqvfhsbc 1@-ib w[jdht,c8 c[dflfc[df
cf[tkvobaj cnhemneht,b7 vfs ijhbc bcybc hfbjybc ufvutj,f7 cfmfhsdtkjc reknehbc cfvbybcnhj7 igc 3vityt,tkb @!-t4 okt,bc
vfy&bkpt j]f[bc ,byblfy ufvjcf[kt,fc wlbkj,lyty8
bcfyb-cfvujhbc hfbjybc ufvutj,fv
cflfdj afhsbc ghbdfnbpfwbf ubjhub
utkfidbkbc vteqkbc kbf utkfidbkbc cf[tkpt vjf[lbyf8 @__@ otkc
rb7 igc-v 3vityt,tkb @!-t4 cfcfvfhskjc rdkfd vbvfhsf ghbdfnbpfwbbc [tkitrhekt,bc ,fsbkfl wyj,bcf lf ,byblfy utkfidbkt,bc j]f[bc ufvjcf[kt,bc vjs[jdybs8
bcfyb-cfvujhbc hfbjyekb cfcfvfhskjc uflfo.dtnbkt,bs7 igc
3vityt,tkb @!-t4-c cfhxtkb lfrvf.jabklf8 fqybiyekb uflfo.dtnbkt,f utkfidbkt,bc j]f[vf cfjkmj cfcfvfhskjib uffcfxbdhf8
fv erfyfcrytkbc uflfo.dtnbkt,bs7 igc 3vityt,tkb @!-t4-c utkfi-
%_ STSHB
dbkt,bc j]f[bc ,byblfy ufvjcf[kt,fpt efhb tsmdf8 fv lfdfib utkfidbkt,bc eakt,t,c fhfcfvsfdhj,j jhufybpfwbbc 3rfdibhb rjycnbnewbbc $@-t ve[kbc4 fldjrfnt,b bwfdlyty8
CFXEMHT,B
FHFCHEKOKJDFY GFNBVHT,C
FDZFKBC rjkjybfib v.javf fhfchekokjdfyvf gfnbvht,vf ueiby
cfmfhsdtkjc becnbwbbc vbybcnhbcufy ubjhub gfgefidbkbcufy cff[fkokj cfxemht,b vbbqtc8
becnbwbbc cfvbybcnhjc cfc]tkfqchekt,bc ltgfhnfvtynbc fhfchekokjdfysf fqvphltkj,bs
lfotct,ekt,fib v.javf gfnbvht,vf ueiby cfxemhfl nr,bktekb7 [bkb7 [fnt,b lf c[df vhfdfkb cfxemfhb vbbqtc8
vbybcnhvf lf fhfchekokjdfyvf
gfnbvht,vf thsvfytsc lfvltub
lqtcfcofekt,b vbekjwtc lf ofhvfnt,t,b ecehdtc8
CFGFNHBFHMJC
LFE,HEYLT,F
S,BKBCIB fyxbc[fnbc trktcbbc vbvlt,fht nthbnjhbfpt fhct,ekb
.jabkb cfrfsjkbrjcj htpbltywbbc rjvgktmcb cfmfhsdtkjc cfgfnhbfhmjc lfe,heylt,f8
ltlfmfkfmbc cfrht,ekjv ueibyltk cfufyut,j c[ljvfpt vbbqj lflutybkt,f7 hjvkbsfw iefvlujvkj,bs vbvfhsf cfmfhsdtkjc ghtpbltync7 fyxbc[fnbc vbvlt,fht nthbnjhbfpt fhct,ekb .jabkb cfrfsjkbrjcj htpbltywbbc
rjvgktmcbc gbhlfgbhb ufyrfhudbc otcbs cfgfnhbfhmjcsdbc ecfc.blkjl uflfwtvbc itcf[t,8
cfrht,ekjv fqybiyekb uflfo.dtnbkt,f ths[vfl vbbqj8
.DTKFPT OFHEVFNT,TKB
GHJTMNB
S,BKBCBC vthb pehf, zbf,thfidbkb @__$ okbc .dtkfpt ofhevfnt,tk ghjtmnfl ltlfmfkfmib t8
o8 3cfvres[tlbc4 itmvyfc vbbxytdc8
hjujhw zbf,thfidbkvf 3bynthghtcc4 ufyew[flf7 cfvres[tlbc bhudkbd itmvybkvf ghj,ktvt,vf ltlfmfkfmib fphsf c[dflfc[dfj,f
ufvjbodbf7 hbc ufvjw okbc ufyvfdkj,fib fhfthsb [vfehbfyb itybidyf ufvjbsmdf8
okbc ofhvfnt,ek ghjtmnc rb mfkfmbc vthb ghtpbltynbc lfdfkt,bc
itchekt,fc eojlt,c7 hbc itltuflfw s,bkbcib f[fkb fdnj,ect,b itvjb.dfytc lf upt,b rtsbkvjfo.dtc8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
F[FKB OBUYBLFY
rjljhbc [tj,bc
vjkjlbyb
EFVBYLJ,BC ufvj fa[fptsbc fdnjyjvbehb htcge,kbrbc vsfdhj,bc sfdv]ljvfht bhfrkb
fkfcfybf @__% okbc lflujvfc7
fa[fptsbc vsfdhj,bc c[df otdht,sfy thsfl7 rjljhbc [tj,fib
dth it[dlt,f8
fa[fptsbc vsfdhj,bc cfbyajhvfwbj ltgfhnfvtynbc sfdv]ljvfhbc bhfrkb nf,kbfidbkbc byajhvfwbbs7 fkfcfybf rjljhbc
[tj,bc vjcf[ktj,bcsdbc lfvltub
f[fkb okbc vbcfkjwfl uftvupfdhf7 vfuhfv dthnvahtyb7 hjvtkibw bub lf fa[fptsbc vsfdhj,bc c[df otdht,b bv.jat,jlyty7 efvbylj,bc ufvj upblfy vj,heylf lf mesfbcib lftidf8
vbcbdt smvbs7 fa[fptsbc vsfdhj,bc sfdv]ljvfht [tj,fib
fewbkt,kfl xfahbylt,f7 hjujhw rb fvbc cfiefkt,fc vtntjhjkjubehb vlujvfhtj,f vbcwtvc8 rjljhib bub cff[fkokj
cfxemhbc cf[bs amdbkcf lf nr,bktekc xfbnfyc8
FHFBCNJHBEKB HJVFYB
3>BDXF>BC GFTVFYB4 fhbc fhwse cmtknfybfyb hjvfyb cfmfhsdtkjc bcnjhbbc itcf[t,8 vsfdfhb fv,fdb !!**-*( okt,ib ltvyf eakbcoekbcf lf bjfyt jh,tkbc f]fy.t,bc lhjc [lt,f8
vfuhfv7 cfyfv fv vsfdfh fv,fvlt vb[dfk7 fsfc c[df
fv,fdcfw ufbut,8
hf smvf eylf7 hjvfyc fhfyfbhb ghtntypbf fhf fmdc
bcnjhbek cbyfvldbktpt8 bc eahj bcnjhbbc vhelt cfhrtl ufvjlut,f7 dblht mhjybrt,pt lfae&yt,ek s[pekt,fl8 tut,7 xdty fhw db.js vbxdtekyb
bcnjhbbc fvudfh s[hj,fc7 vfuhfv flfvbfyc sfdbc
zrefpt s[hj,fc dth lfeikb7 vbs evtntc7 hjvfyib8
3.bdxf.bc gftvfybc4 vsfdfhb uvbht,b fhbfy ,fuhfnbjyt,bc lbyfcnbbc jmhjc [fybc vtatt,b7 thsb
vfhnj[tkf ltdb7 vbcb vtuj,fhb vutkb lf vfofyofkf
.bdxf.b htbnthb +lfmbhfdt,ekb vt,h&jkb` ,ek,ekf7
hjvtkvfw tut, yfwfhmtmbfw ufudf[ctyjc8
fm ofhvjlutybkbf obuybc gbhdtkb jhb sfdb8
FRF VJHXBKF’T8
B{8 VT-$ UD8
BYNTH-GHTCB8
BYNTHGFYJHFVF
THE TIMES
TIMES5 FYLFVFYBCF LF YBRJ,FHBC
REY&EKT,BC &DTKB NJVT,B7 LFQEGEKFL
HJV BSDKT,JLYTY7 UFLFHXTYBKFY
cfyfgbhjc lfwdbc bylehvf utvt,vf
cfrdt,b xfenfytc weyfvbcufy lfpfhfkt,ek rey&ekt,c8 dthnvahtyblfy bvfdlhjekfl itybiytc f,jhbutysf c[df
]ueat,b8 hjujhw xfyc7 gfofobyf rey&ekt,pt f,jhbutys lft[vfhfs sfylf.jkbkb eyfhb ,bjkjrfwbbc vbvfhs8
CYAN MAGENTA YELOOW
BLACK
HF ,TLB TOBF (_ HECTSTKC
NFBKFYLIB7 EWYJ,BF
js[vjwblfy $$ e,tleht,bc pjyfib b.j7 [jkj #^ flfvbfyb fk,fs
rey&ek a[ertsbc bv yfobkib fqvjxylf7 hjvtkbw fh lfpfhfkt,ekf8 fv lhjbcsdbc itcf&kt,tkb
uf[lf ^#_ hectstkbc flubkvlt,fhtj,bc lflutyf8 lblvf yfobkvf erdt lfnjdf nfbkfylb8
v[fndfhb RFHKJ AFXEKBF8
2
cff[fkokj cbyfvldbkt
UEKOHATKB VFLKJ,F
,T,THB [FHBCF888
HFC BS[JDC
CFVIJ,KJ0
CF,TLYBTHJL
LFUDRDT,T,JLTC @__% OTKB=
OBYFCFF[FKOKJ lqtt,ib xdtyb ufptsbc htlfmwbfv vhfdfkb vjcfkjwb ,fhfsb vbbqj mdt.ybc evfqktcb
cfrfyjyvlt,kj lf fqvfchekt,tkb
[tkbceakt,bc7 &fkjdfyb lf cfvfhsfklfvwfdb jhufyjt,bc cnhemneht,blfy7 cfvbybcnhjt,blfy se
eo.t,t,blfy7 cfmfhsdtkjib vjmvtlb lbgkjvfnbehb vbcbt,blfy se
cfthsfijhbcj jhufybpfwbt,blfy7
;ehyfk-ufptst,bcf lf ufvjvwtvkj,t,bc htlfmwbt,blfy7 ntktrjvgfybt,blfy888
vfsb fdnjht,b7 bctdt hjujhw
cfmfhsdtkjc c[dflfc[df res[blfy7
mfkfmblfy se hfbjyblfy ufvjupfdybkb vjcfkjwb ,fhfst,bc itvlutytkyb7 udbkjwfdty @__% otkc7
]fyvhstkj,fc7 ,tlybtht,fcf lf
f[fk itvjmvtlt,bs ofhvfnt,t,c
udbcehdt,ty 3cfmfhsdtkjc htcge,kbrbc4 ;ehyfkbcnt,c7 htlfmwbbc
.dtkf sfyfvihjvtkc8
uekohatk vflkj,fc vjuf[ctyt,s7 qhvfl gfnbdwtvekj mfk,fnjyt,j lf ,fnjyt,j7 &dbhafcj vtuj,ht,j7 xdtyj thsuekj vrbs[dtkt,j7 cfmfhsdtkjc qbhctekj
vjmfkfmtyj cff[fkokj vjkjwdbcf lf cfertstcj cehdbkt,bcsdbc=
fctdt ofhvfnt,t,b7 ,tlybtht,f lf
cb[fhekb .jabkb.jc smdtyb velvbdb sfyfvupfdhb7 .dtkfc cf,tlybthjl lfudrdt,t,jltc f[fkb7 @__%
otkb=
UFPTS 3CFMFHSDTKJC
HTCGE,KBRBC4 HTLFMWBF8
FSBFSFCFL PHLBKJ,F
VJHBUB UFVJ[LJVF
UBJHUB FYLHBF&BC
+YFWBJYFKEHB KJ,B‘ UFYW[FLT,F
KFLFHBFC ,JLBIB FMDC VJCF[LTKB7 [JKJ CE,FHC
GJPBWBF FMDC LFCFABMCBHT,TKB VFHSKVFLBLT,TKSF
HTKBUBEHB UH&YJ,T,BC ITEHFW[>JABC UFVJ
CFVOE[FHJL7 ghtc-jv,elcvtyj,flf,hfkt,ekb vjmfkfmt kflfhbfc
#_ ltrtv,hbc +ufptsb 3@$ cffsb4‘
vjhbub ufvj[ljvf udfb&ekt,c7 f[fkb okbc lfvltuc ufdfrtsjs vwbht
ufyw[flt,f ptvjfqybiyekb gbhbc
vjhbu eybzj gfcrdbkpt8
phlbkj,f7 hjv vfbywlfvfbyw fh
foe[t,lf fqybiyek gbhjdyt,fc7 vbcb
thsokbfyb 3;ehyfkbcnj,blfyfw4
yfskfl xfyc7 vfuhfv se fy f[fkb
okbc lflujvf fy fv lhjbc itcf,fvbcb mwtdfw fh bwjlf7 xdtysdbc
yfvldbkfl vjekjlytkb hfv b.j8
lqtcfcofekt,bc lhjc lblb cbc[kbcvqdhtkb jvt,bw o.lt,jlf [jkvt7 hjltcfw vjobyffqvltutyb tktvtynfhek hfbylek qbhct,t,c fnfht,lyty8 vfuhfv hfc bpfv7 eylf itdblts vbc vlujvfhtj,fib7 hflufy
vfc [jv [tkafcc v[jkjl fvfib e[lbfy8 fv]thfl xdtyc &dbhafc cfpjufljt,fc dhwtkb rjvtynfhbs fh
itdfoe[t,s8 e,hfkjl7 fh itudt&kj htfubht,bc ufhtit lfudtnjdf
kflfhbfc eybzj7 sfdbcvvfhskt,tkb
jgecb7 hjvtkibw yfhwbcbpvbs itg.hj,bkb tc gbhjdyt,f cfresfh sfdcfw tatht,f +.dtkfathb ufcfut,bf7
vfuhfv cfresfh sfdpt othf fk,fs
v[jkjl lblb utybjct,bc [dtlhbf‘8
udbylf fqdybiyjs7 hjv sfdbc vfhskt,f fv]thflfw fh ufvjedblf8 gbhbmbs7 lfvfnt,bsb cfv[bkt,b vbcwf cfpjufljt,fc7 hjvtkcfw dhwkfl
lqtcfcofekt,bc itvltu lfde,heylt,bs8
cfresfhb sfdbc vjatht,bcufy ufyc[dfdt,bs7 gbhflfl xtvc vbvfhs kflfhbfc pbpqb lf cb&ekdbkb efphj
lfwbydfib xfemcjdbf7 hfw fctdt &fkpt
ijhc lufc7 uyt,fds7 mfhsekb 3rfb
.vbc47 uyt,fds7 tdhjgekb 3hfbylbc4
tktvtynfhekb mwtdbcufy8 hfc dbpfvs7
&dtkb mfhsekb fylfpbc fh b.jc 2
thsb kflfhbfcyfbhbw [jv eylf
ud.fdltc8 kflfhbfc vfudfhb gbhjdyt,t,bcufy mt,bc vjcvtyf bmyt,jlf
ehbuj lf ufeut,fhb7 sjhtv vfsufy
vjvlbyfht kfy&qdf chekbfl ,eyt,hbdbf7 hflufy 3rjrfcf ibufy hfwf
lufc7 bubdt ofhvjlbylt,bc48 se ufdbsdfkbcobyt,s bvfcfw7 hjv fvfdlhjekfl vt lf kflfhbf vskfl
ths qbht,ekt,t,c fh eylf dfqbfht,lts8 bct rfhub b.j7 tktvtynfhekb qbhct,t,bs lf]bkljt,ekb
vjobyffqvltut ud.jkjlf7 vfuhfv
hfc dbpfvs7 vnht,c fh bhxtdty8
,jkjc itdf[ctyt, kflfhbfc7 hjv
bc mfhsekb cfpjufljt,bcfufy fhbc
,hfklt,ekb lf vfc ]th rbltd ,jlbib fmdc vjcf[ltkb cfvt,bc cfrfstlhj nf&hbc itehfw[.jabcfsdbc7 [jkj jv,elcvtyc 2 cjpfh ce,fhc7 gjpbwbf fmdc lfcfabmcbht,tkb fv itehfw[.jafpt7 fye vfhskvflblt,tksf
htkbubehb
uh&yj,t,bc itkf[dfpt8
#_ LTRTV,THB7 @__$ O8
+GBHDTKB UDTHLBLFY`
hjujhw wyj,bkbf7 vfiby7 bv cfereybc jwbfy okt,ib7 vjobyfdt xdtyt,ehsfufy7 fdnjyjvbfc gbhdtk hbuib bs[jdlf vtvtl f,fib&t7 [jkj /fblfh f,fib&tc vbeqt,kfl lf e[th[ekfl vbfxylf bub8 dby b.j vfhsfkb0
]th rbltd fhbc lhj7 hfsf fvbcb ufyc]f bctd lhjc vbdfyljs8
vflkj,f qvthsc7 2 fzfhfv sfdbcb
fdnjyjvbf7 evsfdhtcfl7 sfdbcb mfhsdtkj,bc fqlutyf-ufcfvfuht,kfl7
zrdbfyehfl ufvjb.tyf +fvfpt mdtvjs`8
c[dfsf ijhbc7 cf,zjeh fdnjyjvbfpt dblht hfvtc dbn.db7 ths[tk rbltd7 ths ybifylj,kbd7 lfvfabmht,tk
tgbpjlcfw ufdb[ctyt,8
!)^) otkc7 sehmtsib mfhsdtk
vothfksf ]ueabc .jaybcfc7 wyj,bkvf bmfehvf mfhsdtkvf gfnhbjnvf vfvekbidbkvf7 itcfybiyfdb
obuybc 2 3ueh]bcnfybc4 fdnjhvf
f[vtl vtkfidbkvf-jcrfyvf +hjvtkbw !)(_-ib ufafibcnt,ekvf bckfvbcnt,vf vjrktc`7 vbs[hf 2
smdtyib +t8b8 cfmfhsdtkjib` mhbcnbfyb lf veckbvfyb mfhsdtkt,b thsvfytssfy rfhufl dthf [fhsj8 hjujh se dthf dfhs rfhufl7 &fkbfy rfhufl dfhs-vtsmb7 degfce[t8
f,f7 jhb /emevfsb +vsfdhj,f`7 thsb
s,bkbcib7 thsbw ,fsevib7 hfnjv
u.fdsj8 vbde[d-vjde[dbt lf hfvtyfbhfl7 bv lhjbc cf,zjeh bltjkjubeh xfhxjt,ib fde[ctyb7 vfuhfv
dfn.j,lb7 rfhufl dth ufdfut,byt8
/jlf7 fzfhtksf cfcf[tkjl eylf
bsmdfc7 hjv 3fdnjyjvbehb cf,zjsf cjwbfkbcnehb htcge,kbrbc4 cnfnecb7 vstkb bv okt,bc vfy&bkpt7 xdtyb bcnjhbekb xfvjhxtybkj,bc fqvjcfa[dhtkfl7 mfhsekb crjkt,bc
fcfityt,kfl thjdyekb cfresfhb rflht,bc fqcfphltkfl7 cf.jdtksfj
reknehbc lfcfythufl7 thsb cbn.dbs7 mfhsekb cfmvbc cfrtst,kfl ufvjdb.tyts8
fh dbwb fdnjyjvbf fzfhfib cf[tklj,h dbc vbth hbcsdbc b.j xfabmht,ekb7 vfuhfv xdty7 bmfeht,vf7 eakt,f fh vbdtwbs thjdyekfl ufdt[kbxts8 sevwf7 hjujhw itcfdfkib itdybiyt7 wfkrtek xdtyufyc uekib vhfdfkyfbhb ufeut,hj,bcf lf ufew[jt,bcrty v,b&udtkb [by]b vfbyw xfudbnjdf8
bwbs7 hjwf lfylfkjib fy vf[eywtsib t8o8 sfvfhbc (__ okbc bv lfe,tht,tk mdbc [blpt at[c itdf,b]t,7 hjwf [b[fyblfy uflvjdb[tlfd7
hjwf c[fksbc nf&fhib lf[tsmbk
ahtcrt,c vbdfxthlt,b7 hjwf xdtyt,eh ptuyeh ti[bfy mfhsekc vjdbcvty
lf zdfyeh-ief[tdeh ufylfufyfc hjrdfc ufnfwt,bs dfrdbhlt,b7 vtfvf.t,f7
vfuhfv sfyfw vo.byc lf uekbw vnrbdf7 hjv fctsb mfhsekb cekbc vmjyt
fzfhf7 dbqfwtt,c7 cflqfw7 cfvoe[fhjl7 ]th rbltd mfhsekfl fhwrb vbfxybfs888
vf[cjdc7 vothfksf fzfhbc jhufybpfwbfib veifj,bcfc7 ,elfgtinblfy vjvothtc7 ifyljh gtntab se ufmds fzfhekfl yfsfhuvyb7 ufvjudbupfdytsj8
fcts othbkt,c7 ofhvjblubyts7 pjub cf,zjsf htcge,kbrblfyfw udothlyty8 pju]th vjcrjdbc ufvjvwtvkj,t,bw cwjlfdlyty8
ths[tk7 erhfbyfib mfhsekb reknehbc lqtt,bc lhjc7 kdjdbc ntktcnelbfib gjtnt,b ufvjdlbjlbs8 hbub
xtvpt hjwf vjdblf7 bmfehs hecekfl
vbdvfhst7 xtvb fzfhfw smdtycfdbs7 ltlf
cfvij,kjc vjo.dtnbkb b.j lbl[fyc7
,tdhb hfv lfrfhuf7 vfuhfv vsfdfhb
cbvlblht7 tyf mfhsekb uflfbhxbyf
lf7 fb7 f[kf xtvc vij,kbeh tyfpt ofubrbs[fds ktmcc-vtsmb8
ufhts hjv ufvjdtlbs7 thsb kdjdtkb gjtnb vjdfhlf lf uflfvt[dbf8
smdtyvf ufyw[flt,fv cfvfhw[dbyj itwljvf fvfwbkfj8 erhfbyekfl xtvc vbth
sfhuvybkb ityb ktmct,b [dfkbc ufptsib uflbc8 hjujhw rb vjubcvbyt7
cnfv,fib ufdbmtwb7 &kbdc vbdecofhb7
sjhtv fzfhekblfy sfhuvybkt,fl ufvtgfht,jlfj8 fdnjyjvbfc sfdbcb tyf
/mjylf vtujyfj8
cojhtl #% okbc obyfs7 s,bkbcib7 vothfksf gktyevpt7 vt rbltw ufyvbw[flt,bf7 2 tn.j,f7 xtvc v[fhtib fdnjyjvbfv lhj vjzfvf-vtsmb8 vtht7 sehvt7 wtrfc ofhvjvflutytkvf7
xtvb yfsmdfvb ,behjc otdht,sfy uffv;qfdyf7 ufycfresht,bs wtrfc hecb vtjht vlbdfyb fqiajst,ekf8 hjujhw rb ,fsevblfy cfjkmj rjvbnt-
ltkb cfmfhsdtkjc trjyjvbrehb lf
reknehekb cf[bc vcjakbjcsdbc
cfxdtyt,tk htubjyfl eylf lfhxtc8
,fsevb7 mj,ektsb7 cfhab7 eybrfkeh&tukt,bfyb xdtyb vst,bs7 cfthsfijhbcj nehbpvbc7 atcnbdfkt,bc7
uyt,fds7 cfvsfdhj,j it[dtlht,bc7
thjdyekb ufyfskt,bc rtht,bc vbvpbldtk fkfufl eylf dfmwbjs8 fvbnjv fm stfnht,bc7 hflbj-ntktdbpbbc7
rbyj lf ntktabkvt,bc cfltvjycnhfwbj cfiefkt,t,b evfqktcb ljybcf7
eylf vjdb[th[js8
fb7 fvfc bs[jdc cfvij,kj=
vfuhfv cfyfv fdnjyjvbf &fkfibf7
bub bctsfl eylf dfv.jajs7 hjv cfmfhsdtkjcufy pehuitmwtekb fa[fpts-w[bydfkb vfc ityfnhjlyty8
* * *
FVFC OBYFS7 hjvtkbqfw s,bkbcehb ntktuflfwtvbs dyf[t7 cj[evib ths
hbubs fa[fpc /rbs[tc7 cfmfhsdtkjcsfy
lf,heyt,fpt hfc abmhj,c8 hfw fzfhfc
lfvfhstc7 se xdtyw bvyfbhj,f udtkbc7
fh vbylfj7 egfce[f8
fvbs ptvjht xtvbdt yfsmdfvt,c rb
fh df,fsbkt,7 e,hfkjl7 cbahs[bkbcrty vjdeojlt, bvfs7 dbyw cfmfhsdtkjc ufvskbfyt,bc ehsektcb bcnjhbekb ghj,ktvbc vjudfht,fc7 gbhfl fv,bwbt,c f.jkbkyb7 dbohj &vf,bzeh vjkfgfhfrt,fsf ljytt,pt vjcby]fdty [jkvt8
hectsb7 hjujhw xdtyib bn.dbfy7
sdfkcf lf ofvofvief udfn.ebkt,c8
fa[fptsc bct tmwtdf7 hjujhw sfdbc
cfresht,fc8
,f7 fqlut,f .jdtkudfhb cfmvbfyb7 vtpj,keh-f[kj,kehb ehsbthsj,fyb
lf c[df8 [jvff tdhjgfib ahfyuekbnfkbeh-uthvfyek se c[dftyjdfyb
vbyb-cf[tkvobajt,b8 fhfdbc eikbfy7 fhw vfs fhfdby eikbc8 jqjyl
lfwekbf flfvbfybc eakt,f7 bm v.jab
ahfyub ahfyuj,c7 uthvfytkb uthvfytkj,c7 bnfkbtkb bnfkbtkj,c7
vfuhfv fhbc7 dsmdfs7 sfdbcb cfy-vfhbyjc vjmfkfmt8
vt rb7 hflufy [tkbceafkc dthfdbc itd[dlb7 futh7 cff[fkokj othbkib duekf[lbkj,8
* * *
THS uekbcnrbdbkc rbltd ufdfv[tk8
lqtdfyltk ptvlujvsf lf itvjmvtl
byntkbutywbfc ijhbc fhct,ekb +eahj fhffhct,ekb` ehsbthsj,f vfabmht,c7 hfibf cfmvt0 vsfdhj,f ufudt,enf se xdty ufdt,ents vsfdhj,fc0
fhflf7 dthwths mdt.fyfib7 vbs evtntc cfmfhsdtkjib7 dsmdfs7 [tkbceafksf lf vothkj,bc +fuhtsdt [tkjdyt,bc c[df vjqdfotsf` ufywfkrtdt,ekfl7 ethsvfytsjl7 .jayfc [tbhb fh vjenfybf8
ufycfresht,bs cfnrtybf xdtyb vothkj,bc cfzbh,jhjnj lf cffhct,j7
uflfelt,tkb vjs[jdybkt,t,bcflvb
mdt.ybc evfqktc gbhsf chekb levbkb7 hfw pju]th mfhsekb vothkj,bc
buyjhbht,fc tvudfyt,f8
vfs fk,fs /ujybfs7 fctsb gjpbwbf eahj ltvjrhfnbekbf lf7 e,hfkjl7 ybiyfdc itvjmvtlbc cfmvtib sbsmjclf xfehtdkj,fc8 fb7 futh7 thsb
nbc gbhdtkb vlbdfyb xfvjcekf7 bv
hecc ite.dfybf sfdbc rf,bytnib lf vofhtl iteybiyfdc7 dbyff tc [fkdfib7 smdtyb gjtnb7 fdnjyjvbbc lf[ehdf hjv
vjes[jdbfj8 hf lqtc lfvf.hblf erfy
lf,heyt,ekb jkmrjvbc gbhdtkb rfwb7
ofhvjblutys fk,fs888
* * *
VT dabmhj,7 lqtc xdty bctsb fzfhf
dfhs7 xdtybdt cfmfhsdtkjib fdnjyjvbehj,f7 e[th[ekb lf iteatht,tkb rb fhf7 ufeut,fhb lf thjdyekb cfmvbcfsdbc cfpfhfkjw rbf8
fmdt7 vt vujybf7 thsvfytsc eylf
fde[cyfs7 hjv ,fsevb7 fzfhf f[kfy-
/jlf7 hjwf fa[fptsb7 rfntujhbekfl7 cf[tkvobajj,fc fy hectssfy
itthst,fc fgbht,c lf fvfc7 vbe[tlfdfl fvltyb mfhsekb wlbcf7 sbsmvbc
cfidtkb fqfh exfyc7 hf dmyfs0
thsvf xdtyt,ehvf7 fvfc obyfs7 vbs[hf7 se dbyvt vjvfqkj [tkbceafk
rfwc it[dlt,b7 fctsb dfhfelbw ufepbfht5 fa[fptsbc hectsfl mwtdfc fh
]j,bf vbcb lfvjerblt,kj,bc wyj,f0 jqjyl lf,heyt,bc vcehdtk .dtkf
knjkdbkc cfresfh rthfpt lff,heyt,c7 vfs mfhsek crjkt,c ufe[cybc7
mfhsek tyfc7 vjcf[ktj,bc vjs[jdybc
vb[tldbs7 sfdbcb cnfnecb vbtybzt-
rdbhbc oby7 fyf rfkfylf&bc be,bktpt7
cfvsfdhj,jlfy fhfdby vbcekf8 hjujh ufdbujs7 fctsb 3xfehtdkj,f4
itb&kt,f0
vt mfhsekb tybc7 mfhsekb cbn.dbc7 mfhsekb vothkj,bc vbth fqphlbkb dfh8 cfvij,kj uekbf xtvb7 uekb rb vjbs[jdc7 hjv xtvb mdt.ybc zbhbceafkb eylf oe[ltc xtvb
vlujvfhtj,bs8
fcj,bs okbc n.dtj,blfy xtvb
res[bc ufvj[cyfib lblb hjkb itfchektc uhbujk jh,tkbfyvf7 bkbf
zfdzfdf&tv7 frfrbv7 df;fv7 ufkfrnbjyvf7
ubjhub ktjyb&tv8
F[KF FCTF=
vj.dfhtj,bc lfrvf.jabkt,bcsdbcfw bct7 cfc[dfsfijhbcjl drbs[t5
2 gfgbkj7 vbufmdc7 vfuhfv uekohatkfl vbs[fhb7 vfbyw hf vbufmdc0
2 hf vbvfmdc lf7 rhofybcbc cfvsfdhj,j htpbltywbf8
2 ,thbfc fityt,ekbf7 vidtybthb
flubkbf888
2 /jlf7 vfubnjvfw vbvfmdc8
2 rbltd hf vbufmdc0
2 hecsfdbc vtnfkehubekb rjv,byfnb vbvfmdc8
2 fe/7 uf[eht,ekb jvbc lhjc
lfdbo.ts7 mfhsekb ajkflbc cf[tkb vcjakbjib ufdbnfyts888
2 fct eahj rfhufl ufdbnfys8
2 rbltd hf vbufmdc0
C[FHNEKF STVFIB
,tdhb hfv ofbqtc7 se b.j cf[hfdb5
vbot,b cf&jdb7 cfstcb7 cf[yfdb7
lf[kt,b7 cf[kt,b7 mfh[yt,b7 /tct,b8
hfvltyb ufvlblhlf 2 bcbyb7 tctyb888
f[fk otkc .jdtksdbc hfqfwf vj/mjylf5
pjub se dthw[kflf7 pjubwf 2 jmhjlf8
vjlbs lf cfsmvtkb gbhlfgbh df[fkjs5
hfw vjufmdc7 /j7 vfuhfv hf vbufmdc7 f[fkj088
SFVFP BKVTKB8
2 s,bkbcbc cffdbfwbj mfh[fyf8
2 tutw bv uf[eht,ekb jvbc lhjc
3xfvjdbnfyts47 afibpvb lfdfvfhw[ts888
2 hfqfl udbylf7 ths[tk [jv lfdfvfhw[ts7 cf,jkjjl ufdfyfluehts8
2 rbltd hf vbufmdc0
2 ptcnfajybc 3athj4 vbvfmdc8
2 rfwj7 bc vtjht vcjakbj jvb
vfubc uekbcsdbc fn.lfj7 /bnkthvf es[hf7 2 3athj4 vjvtj7 cnfkbyvf
rb cfvb sbsbc rjv,byfwbf exdtyfj8
2 /jlf7 ofdbqt,7 vtcfvt vcjakbj jvbw vfubc ufvj lfbo.jc lf
bctd cfmfhsdtkj uf[ltc fv[tkf
e,tleht,bc vbptpb0
2 rbltd hf vbufmdc0
2 3zbfsehvfyufyevb4 vbvfmdc8
2 vstkb cfmfhsdtkj vfubs fgbht,lf sfdbc ufnfyfc lf88
2 3ifdb mdf4 sfdib cf[ktkflff
rfhub7 lf fhf sfdbc ufcfnfyfl8
2 rbltd hf vbufmdc0
2 3fa[fptsb4 vbvfmdc8
2 fh uflfvhbj8 [jv bwbs7 gbhlfgbh cffrfidbksfy lf jmhefidbksfy utmyt,f cfmvt8
2 rfwj7 cfcnevhj 3fa[fptsb4 vbvfmdc7 fdnjyjvbehb htcge,kbrf rb
fhf8
2 rbltd hf vbufmdc0
2 eibihjt,bc cfvbybcnhj8
vothkj,f xdtyb [fk[bc cekbthb
,tkflbf8
.jdtkb v[hblfy cfmfhsdtkjc t,h&dbfy lqtc8 vbcb lfwdf7 vjdkf vothkj,bc ufhtit &fkbfy ufzbhlt,f8
fewbkt,tkbf7 hfsf ghtpbltynb it[dltc itvjmvtlt,bs cfpjufljt,fsf ofhvjvflutykj,t,c7 [tkb iteo.jc7
fwjw[kjc7 fveifjc bcbyb8 udthlib
fvjb.tyjc vothfkb7 ht;bcjhb7 v[fndfhb8 vfiby eahj tylj,bfy vfc vfct,b7 eahj f/.dt,f [fk[b8
* * *
HJWF thsvfytsbc uekbcyflt,b dbwbs7 hjwf thsfl .jaybc afcb dbwbs7
vfiby evhfdktcsf uekb lf ujyt,f
cfvij,kjc cfidtkfl bhfpvt,f8
.jabkb 3eahjcb &vf4 xdtyb lfaidyf-lfyfotdht,bc wlfibf8 vfsb hbub ,tzldbsb jhufyjt,b mfhsek
res[tt,c fhfmfhsekfl ufyb[bkfdty7
thsvfytsbcrty udbcbcbyt,ty8 fmts7
sehmtsib +hjvtkbw cf[tkvobajt,hbdfl7 vflkj,f qvthsc7 ,tdhfl udt[vfht,f`7 ifhify hfvltybvt ;ehyfkib fvnrbwt,lyty7 fzfhkt,b mfhsdtkt,b fh fhbfyj7 [jkj &dtkb rjk[tsbc vjcf[ktj,f sehfyek-sehmvtyekb ofhvjij,bcf b.jj8
ths[tk7 foufhlfwdkbkvf7 lblvf cjvt[vf gjtnvf7 gfhebh ctdfrvf
ofvjvf.dtlhf7 vw[tsbc ]dhbc vjyfcnthb cjv[bc fut,ekbf8 rtltkib7 bm
mdf blj fctsb ofhothbs lf mfhsdtkt,vf lfvfktcj8 vfiby vfc qbvbkbs des[fhb7 fzfhfib7 xtvc cjatkib7 xtvb cf[kbc rtlkt,pt fuehb7
ifhifyoby7 mesfbctk fhesbyc dfo.j,byt7 vfuhfv cf[kb fhesbyfcb rb
fhf7 xtvbf-vtsmb8
dby fh udtlfdt,f zjhj[uflfqveh7
nfj-rkfh]ek-bvth[tdeh7 xdtyc erdlfd &tukt,c sehmb t8o8 vtwybthybw
rb fv &tukt,c7 sfdbfys ,erktnt,ib
se c[df yfotht,ib7 xdtyfl rb fhf7 dbqfw
c[dt,bc lfyfnjdhfl sdkbfy8 hfnjvqfw fct ehxtdybfs8 lf fb7 kjyljyib
cofdkbcfc7 xtvvf idbkbidbkvf cek[fyvf itb&byf lf ufvjvbupfdyf byukbcehfl ufvjwtvekb ,hbnfytkb utythkbc obuyb7 dbyfw yfnjc ofhvjvflutykfl sehmtsib vjqdfotj,lf lf
mfhsekb &tukt,b lf bmfehb xdtyt,eht,b fqeothbf7 3nhfgbpeybc fqvjcfdktsbs4 /mdbf vfc8
fb7 wbdbkbpt,ekb cfv.fhjc vfhsfkb [vf=
bub eylf bsfhuvyjc7 ufvjbwtc lf
tc bmyt,f gfce[b .dtkfcsdbc8
thsb cbn.dbs7 bvbc smvf vbylf7 hjv
.dtkf fhfrtsbkvjcehyts7 fct hjv itvjudctdbfy f[kfyltk lhjib7 gfce[c
pju]th sjapt erts rfkfvb ufcwtvc8
fvbnjv7 vjdefhjs thsvfytsc7 lfdfafcjs thsvfytsb7 ,fnjyj ptvlujvyj lf mdtvlujvyj= fvfc bs[jdc xdtyufy
cfvij,kj8
vjubkjwfd f[fk otkc7
xtvc cf.dfhtk vij,tk thc7
ityc tyfc lf &dtkbc&dtk
xfyuc7 hjvtkbw bctd ;qthc=88
AHBLJY [FKDFIB8
LTRTV,THB7 @__$8
F[FKUFPHLEKB QBVBKB
HF VBUFMDC7 F[FKJ OTKJ0
FLHT fct b.j5 cff[fkokjl vjlbjlf sjdkbc gfgf7 vj/mjylf gbhsfvlt uf&t&ubkb njvfhf7 fsfcudfh cfxemfhc fhbut,lf lf wfhbtk-nfhbtkb vblbjlf8 f[kf gbhbmbsff5 cff[fkokjl vjlbc sjdkbc
gfgf7 vjfmdc lfxenekb njvfhf7
fkfut,c ibu fsfcudfh cfxemfhc lf
gbhsfvlt uf&t&ubkb vbfmdc8 oflb
lf clbt7 lftotdb se hf= ubylf lftobj7 hfc epfv7 offhsvtd0 bvfd oesfc gfnhekb lfuflut,f sfdpt lf
! bfydfhc xdtyc ufj[ht,ek lf ufnbfkt,ek wb[tib ubrhfdc sfdc8 fvbnjvfw7 hfqf &fkf vmjylf7 2 hjwf cff[fkokjl sjdkbc gfgfv rfhpt vjvbrfreyf7 phlbkj,bc uekbcsdbcfw lf j]f[bc otdhsf wyj,bc-
1 !7 IF,FSB7 ! BFYDFHB7 @__% OTKB8
BQ,KBFYB RKBTYNT,B
2 frb7 ]fieit,b itvjudtcbfj888
2 vfufs fvthbrf vb[tlfdc8
2 rbltd hf vbufmdc0
2 hf uffzbht cfmvt7 hfw vbvfmdc7
bvfptlfw vflkj,f vbs[fhb7 2 thsb
vj[ewb rfwb dfh7 ]th fvfc rb lfd&hfd0
2 lf&hfd7 bcts hfvtt,c ubvfnt,7
bvfc ]fyb fh eylf8
2 vfbyw7 hfc vbvfnt,0
2 ne,threkjpc888
2 ofdbqt,8
2 wjac888
2 ofdbqt,8
2 cbqfhb,tc888
2 ofdbqt,7 rfwj7 ofdbqt,7 ufvbqt rfhb7 thsb zbmf qdbyj lfvfktdbyt lf ufvbidb8
2 f/f7 rfhltyf[ekb ofhfat,bf7
qvthsvf itufhujc8
2 cek thsbfyfl ufubvfh]js=
,JYLJ UEKBFIDBKB8
KTDFYB lf vfk[fpb ,fdidj,bc vtuj,ht,b b.dyty8 crjkfw lf bycnbnenbw thsfl lffvsfdhtc lf fv lbgkjvbfyvf cfcb&jt,vf cfvcf[ehb
hjv dtqfh bijdtc7 ,jcnytekbs
dfzhj,fc vb/.dtc [tkb8 wjnf vfnthbfkehfl hjv cekb vjbsmdtc7
cfmvbc itcfvce,emt,kfl uflfo.dbntc7 thsb vfymfyfw t.blfs cfpbfhjl8
ufbrbs[-ufvjbrbs[tc lf ufbutc7
vtpj,tk cjatkib dbyvt eifyub ;buekc /.bllf sehvt8 fv xdty eifyubc
fhf v[jkjl vfymfybc uf.bldbc ufcfzbhb tluf7 thsb mfkbidbkbw
e,thlt,jlf e,tljl rfhpt8 vfhsfkbf7 fhw vfymfyfc frklf gtob
lf fhw mfkbidbkc ufyfskt,f7 vfuhfv thsbc vyf[dtkbw lf vtjhtcbw fcfrc oeyj,lyty8
ufb[fhf eifyubv7 hjv itbn.j
rkbtynt,bc ufvjxtybc fv,fdb lf cfufyut,jl itfvpflf mfkbidbkbwf
lf vfymfyfw8 bmyt,f fv f[fkb okbc
lfvltuc vfbyw ufvbvfhskjcj8 uf,flhekb lf [tkt,ufikbkb ittut,f zbirfhsfy f[fkufphlt,c5 vj,h&fylbs7 ,fnjyj= rtsbkb b.jc
smdtyb at[b xtvc tpjib= xbyt,ekbf
f[fkb okbc oby rfhub cfmvt hjv
uflfubo.dtnbfs7 yfvfnbs eylf it[dlts vjvfdfk otkc7 yfvfnbs7 [dfdbsf lf ,fhfmbsj7 vfcgby&kbc
tyfo.kbfyj,fv7 wjnf fh b.jc7 lff,ybf ,bzt,b8 bmdt7 obyrfhib7 ufi-
kbk ceahfcsfy vjnhbfkt mfkbidbkbw vjedblfs sdfkib8 vfuhfv
uekb vfbyw ufhf;bcrty eotdlfs8
2 bmyt,7 ]th udfyf[js7 2 fvjbkeqkeqtc 2 yf[fds7 f,f7 fh yf[fds0 2 ]th sbsj zbmf lfdkbjs
lf se vjutojyt,fs7 vtht vfymfyfw smdtyb b.jc lf tpj-ufhtvjwj8 eifyuvf ,bzt,c [es-[esb
cflqtuh&tkj itfcvtdbyf lf cfmvbfy lbfkjupt uflfdblf8
2 f,f7 vrbs[ts hfw ubylfs7 2
wfkb ofh,b fcobf vfcgby&tkvf8
2 hfvltyb okbcff0 2 bvfh]df
vfk[fpvf8
2 cbvfhskt ubs[hfs7 #@ otkb
vfbcib itecheklf7 vfuhfv fcfrb
cekfw fh tn.j,f8
2 hfvlty 3vtijr4 rfhnjabkc pblfdc0
2 rfhnjabkb fh dbwb7 vfuhfv
jhb njvfhf cbvbylb ofbqj fvfc
obyfs obcmdbkib lf bct vjbnfyf
erfy7 hjv fhw rb lfcn.j,bf hf8
2 lfvfnt,bs se vjf.jkt,s hfvtc0
2 hfc ,h&fyt,s7 jqjyl smdty
uekb itudfhlts lf tc cf[k-rfhbw smdtyb b.jc8
2 3,tc4 lfubnjdt,s vfiby888
2 hfl vbylf 3,t4 lf 3wt40 vsfdfhbf7 vbs[hfs7 hjvtkc ubylfs0
2 xdty &vfrfwt,b dfhs7 ,fnjyj7
lf jhbdtc udbylf cfpbfhjl888
fvbc smvf b.j lf vj[dlf rbltw
w[tkb nfaf vfk[fpc sfdib8 lfnhbfklf ubyt,bc rjhbfyntkb lf itbmyf thsb dfb-eidtkt,tkb eifyubc tpjib8
hjujhw bmyf ufbhrdf7 vfvf mfkbidbkc emt,lf cnevht,c7 cnevht,b vfymfyfpt tkfgfhfrt,jlyty8
sevwf7 hfw vfymfyf b.j7 bc b.j mfkbw8 fct ithxf vfk[fpc ## okbc
vfymfyf lf fv fcfrbcfdt eifyubc mfkbidbkb vstkb e&hfd-vj&hfdb mjyt,bsehs8 fvfpt vtnb [dfdb lf ,fhfmf hfqf bmyt,jlf cff[fkokjl0
IJHTYF UJXBFIDBKB7
ntmybrehb eybdthcbntnbc
;ehyfkbcnbrbc afrekntnbc
6 rehcbc cneltynb8
3
lhjc [fyb fhf fmdc
1 !7 IF,FSB7 ! BFYDFHB7 @__% OTKB8
MDT>YBC ,TLB 2 PBFHFL
UPF CB>DFHEKVF LFKBF
js[vjwlfstmdcvtnb
okbc gjtnb udkjwfdc
HF fhbc cb,tht )^ okbc gjtnb mfkbcsdbc7 hjvtkbw sfdbcb jsf[bc
afy]hblfy vjvpbhfkb7 wbc thsb
yfaktsbsf lf ujhfrbc .eht,bs
itvjhxf fv cfv.fhjc0 se uekb vqthbc7 se cfsmvtkb ut’fkt,f7 se
ufbynthtct,c ityb mdt.ybc lf [fk[bc ,tlb7 bvfsb cfnrbdfhb unrbdf lf bvfsb cb[fhekbs [fhj,7 vfiby sehvt okt,b fhfathb .jabkf8 sdbsjyfw fh c]thf7 hjv fvltyb okbcff8 cbwjw[kt rb bvbnjv
eylf7 hjv sfdbcb mdt.ybc yfvldbkb
ufysbflb b[bkjc8
mfk,fnjy vfhbrf ,fhfsfidbkc
f[fkb okbc obyf lqtt,ib dtcnevht8
cfe,fhb ,fdidj,bc uf[ctyt,bs lfdbo.ts8
2 hjltcfw gfnfhf db.fdb7 dbwjlb7
hjv f[fkb otkb etzdtkfl cfxemht,bs ufvf[fht,lf8 lblt,ekb ufyo.j,f b.j 2 lbkbs sdfkc hjv
ufdf[tklb7 ,fkbibc mdti [tkc itd.jalb lf bm cfxemfhc dgjekj,lb7 f[fkb okbc ]fljmhj,bc v]thjlf8 cehdbkcfw fewbkt,kfl xfdesmdfvlb [jkvt qfvbc !@ cffspt8 gbhdtkfl dbcehdt,lb7 hjv xtvb
vij,kt,b7 ’vf7 vtuj,ht,b7 yfstcfdt,b ]fyvhstkfl v.jkjlf8 vtht
bv otkboflc ,tdhb nr,bktekb7
rfhub obuyt,b vmjyjlf lf c[dflfc[df ufcfhsj,t,pt [ibhfl ofdt.dfyts vij,kt,c8 rbltd7 vbyljlf
xtvb vjhsekb yf’dbc [t .dtkfc
tyf[f7 c[dt,bc yf’dbc [tt,sfy ittlfht,byfs lf xtvb xftsdfkfs .dtkfpt kfvfpfl8 vt sdbsjy dhsfdlb
lf v]thjlf7 hjv sbsjtekb cfsfvfijlfy cfcofekb uflvjdbljlf
lf fvbdct,lf uekc lf jsf[c8 ltlfc
ujpbyf.bc vjvpflt,fib dt[vfht,jlb8 vb[fhjlf sfakbc vjhtdf7 ybujpbc zhf7 vjrktl7 ’fkbfy dfmnbehj,lb888
lfvltuvf f[fkvf otkvf lblb
cehdbkt,b vjvbnfyf lf tmdcb ktmcb
lfdotht jhbjl lqtib7 ufvbvfhskf8 fctf7 fy thsfl hfvltybvt
ktmcc lfdoth7 fy ufdf sdtt,b lf
thsbw fh lfbotht,f8 vt vjdo.lb
.jdtklqbeh w[jdht,fc7 xtvc vtuj,ht,c lf hjujhqfw ufydvfhnjdlb cfresfh sfdsfy8 qfvbs7 hjltcfw cbo.yfhtf7 sfdc hbsvt,bs
dtcfe,ht,b8 qfvt b,flt,f
cnhbmjybw7 vbd.dt,b bvfc lf
[fylf[fy sfdpt lfvfstylt,f
[jkvt8 fct hjv7 xtvb ktmct,b xtvsfy thsfl fhbfy
qfvtyfstdyb8
2 mfk,fnjyj vfhbrf7 xdtyb lblb gjtnt,blfy dbc ufb[ctyt,lbs0 vfssfy ehsbthsj,bc hjvtkbvt tgbpjlpt vbfv,ts8
2 ufkfrnbjysfy .jdtkb
it[dtlhf lblt,ekb uh’yj,t,bs vfdct,lf8 fvfc [tlfdlf lf lblb gfnbdbcwtvbs
vtg.hj,jlf8 ths[tk vtpj,kbc ntktajypt lfvbhtrf
+xtvb yjvthb fh cwjlybf‘
lf vte,yt,f5 ufkfrnbjyb
dfh7 ufkfrnbjyb888 mfk,fnjyj vfhbrf7 oe[tk smdty
ktmcb lfubothtsj8 hjujh
ufvf[fhts7 cfl fhbc ktmcb-vtsmb8 xtvsfy fhbcj8
[dfkdt ufvjdfupfdyb smdtysfy xtvc ujujyfc-vtsmb7
vfuhfv vtjht lqtc tc dth
vj[th[lf8 vtcfvt lqtc rb
cfibytkb [vf ufdhwtklf mff[fkj otkj7 vidtybthj7 ]fljsdfkt,fd7
kfmib 2 ufkfrnbjyb vnrhf cb[fhekb ittlht,f ityc vj,h’fyt,fc=
dfhib uflfdfhlfj8 tc vtitvj[dfk zthmdti7 vju.dt,bfy udthlbs ehvt,b7
[bc lfwtvf b.j8 uflfhxf7 ufcfvrfekt,bs7 cb.dfhekbs lfndbhsekt,b8
ityc mdt.yfl vjcdkfc cb[fhekbs dfhs itxdtekyb7 dblf lhj8 ths[tk itd[dlb lf ufdf[ctyt bc ktmcb8
udcehc b.j kfqb7 c[df okt,bcufy ufvjhxtekb8
hjv lfvgbhlbs-vtsmb8 ufztmj cbvqthf ,tlybthb7 vfqfk[vbfyb7
xevlf8 vfiby bctsb lhj b.j7
xfvjudfiemj wbcrblehb yfstkvpbfyb8
hjv dbyw sdbsvrdktkj,fc
f/f7 tc sfcb cfdct kjwdbs7 vhfdfk itkjwdbs7
uf,tlfdlf7 vfcsfy vblbjsmdb cflqtuh’tkj ,tlybthb cfmfhsdtkjcb8
lf7 dbyw ]th fhc lf frjyecehdt b.jc idbkvhfdfkb7 [tk[dfdbfyb7
nhjkt,lf vbc ,byfc8 ufkfrhjv vbc cfdfkpt [fkbcj,lyty dfhlyb7 bfyb7
pytrtsbkj,bs7 ujybs7 ihjvbs cf[tkufysmvekb 2 nbjyb vfiby cffdflv.jajib fqvjxylf lf cfyfv bmbudbvhfdkt uvbhb thbcrfwyb 2 ]bib mfhsekb=
lfy lf,heylf7 fk,fs vbf[fkj otkj7 .dtkfcfsdbc cfsf.dfyt,j7
cb jsf[b 3lfkfut,ekb4
rtsbkb stckbs f,b,byt ityb cfvtaj7
lf[dlf8 vt tc fv,fdb vofht
ffwbfut xdtyb upt,b lf wbcrblehb7
vjcfujyt,kfl lfvhxf8 dby
db.js mdt.yt,b7 cfvtuj,hjl [tkxfrblekyb8
bwbc7 hbcb smvf eyljlf xtvhjv cfmvtt,bs yfmt,b lf ufcfrdbhkt,b
sdbc ufkfrnbjyc0 bmyt, bv
mdt.ybc ityt,fc ptbvj,lyty ityb idbkt,b8
ktmcib vbcb nrbdbkb fy
f/f7 tc sfcb7 cfdct kjwdbs7 vhfdfk itkjwdbs7
cehdbkt,b blj0
dsmdfs cflqtuh’tkj ,tlybthb cfmfhsdtkjcb=
itvltuib fv ktmcbc v[jf[fkj otkj7 vidtybthj7 ]fljsdfkt,fd7
kjl obyfsmvf ufb[ctyf 2
rtsbkb b.jc ityb mdt.yfl itvj,h’fyt,f=
3vflkj,tkb dfh smdtyb
ufubvfh]jc otkj f[fkj===
@__$8!(8\668 vfhbrf7 hjc ;fvb vmjylf
.jayf-fh.jaybc7 smdtyvf
VFHBRF ,FHFSFIDBKB
f/f7 tc sfcb7
cfdct kjwdbs888
VJ’HFJ,F LF VJ’HFJ,F7 XTVJ STHUJ
uekohatkvf [vfv itvfhbuf bm7
,tdh hfvtcsfy888 cbn.df fh v.jaybc48
ufycfresht,bs vb.dfhlf lf vb.dfhc ufkfrnbjyb8 cbfvjdyt,bs
drbs[ekj,8 c[dt,bw vb.dfhc8 f[kf[fy7 fyf rfkfylf’tc (_ otkb itecheklf8 cek c[dff bub sdbsjy
lf vbcb ktmct,b8 ths[fyc dbabmht rbltw7 hfnjv doth0 vt [jv fyfcyfbh ktmcc dth lfdoth lf hbcsdbc itdboe[j sfdb7 ,fhtv vbcb
lfothbkb dbrbs[j088 vfuhfv .jdtk xdtyufyc xdtyb cfsmvtkb ufudfxybf7 xdtyb rbkj7 [tkothf888
2 smdtyc idbkbidbkt,c7 idbksfidbkt,c se ufvj/.dfs vothkehb ybzb0
2 gfnfhf idbkbidbkb yfnfkbf
hfqfwtt,c othc8 vjcofdktsf cfcf[ktib ohtpt lflbjlf8 vtht vbcb
vjs[hj,f cfcf[kbc ufptsib lf,tzlbkb dyf[t8 ,fdidbc fphjdyt,bs ufdjwlb8 hfvltybvt okbc obyfs
vt lf yfnfkbfv ktmct,ib it]b,hbw vjdfo.dts8 bub f[kf !_ okbcff8
vtjht ujujyfw othc8 tn.j,f7 xtvb cbf[kjdtw jhbdtc hfqfwfc isffujyt,c8 tc gfnfht,b xtvb gbhdtkb vrbs[dtkt,b lf itvafct,kt,bw fhbfy8 ktmct,c [fy lfvboeyt,ty7 [fy vjvbojyt,ty8
2 hfc vjudbnfyc f[fkb otkb lf
smdty hfc udbcehdt,s0
2 f[fkb otkb etzdtkfl rtsbkb eylf b.jc8 vbcb vjcdkf se ofcdkf eylf tn.j,jltc mdt.fyfc8 se
cbo.yfht lf vidblj,f bmyt,f7 mdt.ybc obycdkf lf f.dfdt,fw fh
uf’ytklt,f8 smdtyb ufptsbc htlfmwbf7 uekohatkfl ute,yt,bs7 vt
ufycfresht,ekfl vb.dfhc8 fhf vfhnj bvbnjv7 hjv xtvb idbkb bm veifj,lf lf vbcb cekbc yfobkb rbltd
nhbfkt,c7 cfthsjl7 vb.dfhc lf
.jdtksdbc cbfvjdyt,bs drbs[ekj,8 .dtkf sfyfvihjvtkc decehdt, ,tlybth f[fk otkc 2 itvjmvtlt,bsfl vlblfhc lf uekbs [fkbcbfyc8 fb7 cff[fkokj ktmcc ufnfys7 se vjtojyt,fs lf lf,tzlfdty7 lblfl ufvf[fht,s888
dtvidblj,t,b mfk,fnjy vfhbrfc7
vjdlbdfh htlfmwbbcrty lf upfib
vbcb yfsmdfvb vf[ctylt,f 3c[df
w[jdht,fc db.fdb vbxdtekb 2 dbqfwfpt eylf vtpheyf7 velfv hfqfw
vtrtst,byf8 f[kf cekbthfl ufvjdbabnt7 hjv ufstylt,f lf ufdbqdb’t,7 lfqfvt,f vtxmfht,f8 cbpvfhib
bctd bv cfv.fhjib dfh7 cflfw xtvbfyt,b ufhc vf[dtdbf8884
888lf rdkfd vjlbc f[fkb otkb7
hjvtkbw mfk,fnjy vfhbrfc sjdkbfyb eahj e.dfhc8
YFYEKB
PJNBRBIDBKB8
cfereytc
sfdb vjerdfy’f
VFHW[YBLFY VTCFVT 2 FYF XE[HERB&T-VTYSTIFIDBKB8
BUB vtfctl [dlt,f f[fk otkc8 cfereybc mfk,fnjyc okt,vf xfvjfsjdf7 vfuhfv ]th bctd v[ytl ufvjb.eht,f8 udbfv,j,c vij,kt,pt7 cfresfh ,fdidj,fpt7 sdfkbc lf[fv[fvt,fcfdbs ufydkbk w[jdht,fpt888
fyf xe[herb&t-vtystifidbkb !)_$
okbc @) fudbcnjc lf,flt,ekf s,bkbcib8 xe[herb&tt,b ofhvjvfdkj,bs vtc[tsblfy .jabkfy7 fyfc vfvbc
obyfght,b ujhib lfcf[kt,ekfy lf
bm vidtybthb cf[k-rfhb lf [bkbs
ufysmvekb ,fqb /mjybfs8 dfcbk
xe[herb&t cojhtl fm bphlt,jlf888
vtabcyfwdfk djhjywjd-lfirjdc vjeyf[ekt,bf tc cfyfmt,j tpj-rfhvblfvj7 !% okbc lfepfhtkb dfcbkb
vjcojyt,bf lf sfdbcsfy ofe.dfybf7 vtabcyfwdkbc cfcf[ktib vt,fqbcsdbc vbe,fht,bf8
dfcbkc hf fqfh ufvjclbjlf [tkblfy7 .dtkfathb t[th[t,jlf8 cfresfhb [tkbs sjyt fvjeityt,bf
lf gehb ufvjew[dbf7 lblb vjojyt,fw lfevcf[eht,bf cehytkjdfy
mfhsek gehc8
dfcbkb vtabcyfwdkbc rfhpt vcf[ehj,lf lf wyj,bkb vpfhtekb uf[lf8 j]f[b itmvyf lf vteqktcsfy
lf cfv ujujyfcsfy thsfl cfcf[ktib w[jdhj,lf8 sevwf vteqkt
2 trfnthbyt ubjhuj,bfyb vjekjlytkfl ufhlfbwdfkf8 j,kt,c7 vfs
ijhbc $ okbc fyfc ltlbyfwdfkb
tkbcf,tl cf,fidbkb phlblf7 hjvtkbw ltlj,hbd vpheydtkj,fc fh
frkt,lf ,fdidt,c8
mfk,fnjyb fyf f[kfw s,bkfl b[ctyt,c tkbcf,tlbc fvfuc7 ufycfres-
ht,bs rb vfvf tfvf.t,f8 bub sehvt ufvelvt,bs xj[fc lffnfht,lf7
fv,j,lf7 vt mfhsdtkb dfh lf xtvb
qbhct,f tc cfvjcbfj8
fyf lf vbcb lt,b cfcf[ktib bphlt,jlyty8 itvltu fyf cfsfdflfpyfehj ubvyfpbfib cofdkj,lf8 bub
.dtkfcufy ufvjhxtekb vjcofdkt
.jabkf8 ubvyfpbfib vbcek frfrb
othtstkc itembf7 vjatht,bf7 ve[kt,pt lfecdfvc888
mfk,fnjy fyfc !)@! otkbw f[cjdc7
hjltcfw
rj]jhsfy cbc[kbcvqdhtkb ,h&jkt,b
ufbvfhsf lf ,jkitdbrt,vf ufbvfh]dtc8 3vfhj vf.fidbkb ofdblf s,bkbcbc lfcfwfdfl8 vfc
gbhflfl fh dbwyj,lb7 vfuhfv vfhjc
lf xtvsfy cofdkj,lf4888
cf,tlybthjl7 vbc
j]f[c htghtcbt,b
fh it[t,bf8 !)@$
otkc vfy bmjhobyf
df[nfyu vtystifidbkpt8 df[nfyub
ghjatcbbs fdnjby;bythb lf rjycnhemnjhb b.j8 jhb mfkbidbkb
itt&byfs5 yeye lf keke8 fvfcj,fib jvb lfbo.j8 !)$! otkc df[nfyub vj[fkbctl ofdblf obstk fhvbfib8 vfc bm cfybnfhbekb fdnjrjkjyf xff,fhtc7 lfzhbkt,bcsdbc eylf vbt[tlf8 !)$@ okbc !^ vfbcc7 lf,jv,dbc lhjc7 lfzhbkt,sfy thsfl sfdflfw lfbqegf8
jvbc itvltu7 &fkbfy ufezbhlf
idbkt,bc vfhnj hxtyf8 cekbs vfbyw
fh lfwtvekf8 cfcrjkj-cfrfywtkfhbj bydtynfhbc af,hbrfib veifj,lf7 itvltu rb 2 dfrt-cf,ehsfkjc hfbjybc cjwepheydtk.jabc
ufy.jabkt,fib8
f[kf erdt idbksfidbkt,b /.fdc8
idbkt,b yeye lf keke sfdc lfcnhbfkt,ty7 edkbfy7 cbs,jc fh frkt,ty8 yeye tynjvjkjubf7 keke 2
abkjkjub7 ufvjvwtvkj,f 3ufyfskt,bc4 htlfmwbbc ufvutl veifj,c8
mfk,fnjyb fyf kekec j]f[ib
w[jdhj,c7 kekec vteqkt ghjatcjhb vb[tbk mfdsfhbf [tkyfothsf
bycnbnenib veifj,c8 idbkb gffnf
tmbvbf7 idbkbidbkt,b vfhbfvb lf
pfpf crjkfib cofdkj,ty888
cfereybc mfk,fnjyb f[fk @__%
otkc vfssfy thsfl it[dlt,f lf
lfbkjwt,f888 fhw rtsbkb flfvbfyt,b frkt,ty vpheydtkj,fc7 fcb
otkb s,bkbcbc vthbfv vbekjwf7
vfcpt pheyfdc igc 3cfvrehyfkj
rjv,byfnbc4 gjkbrkbybrehb ufy.jabkt,f lf obstkb ]dhbc cfpjufljt,f yfyf .tbybidbkbc [tkv&qdfytkj,bs8 bcbyb yf[ekj,ty vj[ewc7 vbcb ]fyvhstkj,bc vlujvfhtj,fc fvjovt,ty7 eupfdybfy vtlbrfvtynt,c888
mfk,fnjyb fyf dtnthfysf cf,zjc
otdhbwff7 fhw dtnthfyt,b bdbo.t,ty888 lqtt,b rb vbmhbfy lf vjujyt,t,c f[fkb cbwjw[kbs fdct,ty888
cfereyt 2 vstkb tgjmff7 hjvkbc
nfht,fw thslhjekfl cffvf.jwff
lf lblb ndbhsbf888 lf hfw vsfdfhbf7 tc fhbc ]bklj7 hjvtkcfw thstekt,c eo.fkj,t,c eafkb8
SFVFH
IFBIVTKFIDBKB8
LF VFNBFYTL MWTEKF
LQTCFW HJV UDFQTKDT,C
it&kt,ty se fhf mfhsdtkb
vtwybtht,b sfdbfysb sfdbc vb[tldfc LF CFABMHFKC UDBXTYC
OKT,BC vfy&bkpt cfmfhsdtkjib v[jkjl sbsj-jhjkf flfvbfyb se
bynthtclt,jlf bvbs7 hjujh lf hf upt,bs aeymwbjybht,lf tcf se
bc cfvtwybthj bycnbnenb lf vskbfyfl vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbf8 byntkbutywbbc yfobkb cjwbfkehfl lfewdtkb lf cf[tkvobajcufy ufhb.ekb b.j8 vfuhfv7 vbe[tlfdfl fv .dtkfahbcf7 xdtyvf vtwybtht,vf it&ktc
lf itbyfhxeytc okt,bc vfy&bkpt vjgjdt,ekb gjntywbfkb8
lqtc7 bctdt hjujhw .dtkf flfvbfyib7 xdtyc vtwybtht,fibw ufxylf
ertstcb vjvfdkbc bvtlb8 [tkbceakt,fcf lf vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbfc
ijhbc vbvlbyfhtj,c vc]tkj,f frfltvbfib ufycf[jhwbtkt,tk htajhvt,pt7
cf,jkjjl fk,fs cfertstcj7 .dtkfcsdbc vbcfqt, dfhbfynpt it]thlt,bfy8 vfyfvlt rb7 frfltvbfib vbvlbyfht ghjwtct,pt dtcfe,ht,bs cfmfhsdtkjc vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc dbwt-ghtpbltynbc vjdfktj,bc itvchekt,tkc7 frfltvbbc otdh-rjhtcgjyltync UBF }FAFHB&TC8
2 ,FNJYJ UBF7 ufcekb otkb hbsb b.j vybidytkjdfyb mfhsekb
vtwybtht,bcsdbc0
2 f[fkb [tkbceakt,bc vjcdkbc
itvltu vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbfib htajhvf lfbo.j7 cthbjpekb cnhemnehekb wdkbkt,t,b [jhwbtklt,f7
ufbpfhlf lfabyfyct,fw8 ghtvbthvbybcnhbc [tkv&qdfytkj,bs cfveifj ]ueab itbmvyf7 hjvtkbw ufyb[bkfdc c[dflfc[df dfhbfynt,c7
se hjujh eylf [lt,jltc vtwyb-
tht,bc vfhsdf8 thsb cwtyfhb uekbc[vj,c vfhsdbc cbcntvbc vskbfyfl ufyfskt,bc cfvbybcnhjcsdbc
uflfwtvfc7 hfw xdtysdbc vbeqt,tkbf7 vtjht dfhbfynib rb cfe,fhbf7 hjv cfmfhsdtkjib lfhxtc
htajhvbht,ekb7 aeylfvtynehb
rdktdt,bc thjdyekb wtynhb7 hjvtkbw rdktdt,c7 afmnj,hbdfl7 .dtkf cf,fpj vbvfhsekt,bs fofhvjt,c8 tc bmyt,f cfrvfjl rjvgfmnehb thsj,kbj,f7 hjvtkbw eybdthcbntnt,sfy byntycbehfl bsfyfvihjvkt,c7 vfuhfv7 &bhbsflfl7 aeylfvtynehb vtwybtht,bc lfhut,ib
bveifdt,c8 frfltvbbcsdbc cojhtl
vtjht dfhbfynbf vbcfqt,b8
2 ,jkj gthbjlib fhct,ekb vobhb lfabyfyct,f vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc7 mfhsdtkb vtwybtht,bc veifj,fptw [jv fh fbcf[f0
2 bc afmnb7 hjv lqtc cfmfhsdtkjib itudb&kbf bctsb yfihjvt,b itdmvyfs vfstvfnbrbc7 abpbrbc7 ,bjkjubbc lfhuib7 hjvtkbw
vcjakbjibf fqbfht,ekb7 fhct,ekb
lfabyfyct,bc gbhj,t,ib erdt vbqotdff8 bvbcfsdbc7 hjv vtwybtht,f
fhct,j,ltc7 ths vtwybth-sfyfvihjvtkpt otkboflib !____ ljkfhb eylf b[fh]t,jltc7 se fvfpt
yfrkt,b b[fh]t,f7 vfiby bv mdt.fyfib vtwybtht,f rdlt,f8 cfmfhsdtkjib lqtc ths vtwybth-sfyfvihjvtkpt cfiefkjl !___ ljkfhb b[fh]t,f7 vfuhfv vbe[tlfdfl
fvbcf7 hjujhw fqdybiyt7 xdty ,tdh
lfhuib itcfybiyfdb itltut,b udfmdc8
tc ufygbhj,t,ekbf bvbs7 hjv xdtyb
[fk[b cfthsfijhbcj fcgfhtppt ufdblf lf afmnj,hbdfl mfhsdtkb
vtwybtht,b fhbfy vcjakbj cfvtwybthj cfpjufljt,bc vjyfobktyb7
flht rb vfsb fhtfkb cfrvfjl dbohj b.j8 eoby frfltvbfib !$-!%8___
sfyfvihjvtkb vjqdfotj,lf7 lqtc
v[jkjl ^8%__ flfvbfybf lfhxtybkb8
,tdhb vfsufyb7 &bhbsflfl f[fkb
sfj,f7 cojhtl cfpqdfhufhts veifj,c8
2 [jv fh [tlfds bvbc cfibihjt,fc7 hjv ,tdhb vfsufyb itb&kt,f erfy fqfh lf,heyltc0
2 fqcfybiyfdbf7 hjv bcbyb cfmfhsdtkjlfy erdt xfvj.fkb,t,ekb
cgtwbfkbcnt,b vblbfy lf lfcfdktsib ofhvfnt,ekfl vjqdfotj,ty8 se
xdty itdmvybs bcts cbcntvfc7 hjv
ofcekb [fk[bc #_-$_ ghjwtynb vfbyw lf,heyltc7 tctw rfhubf7 vfiby
cfmfhsdtkjc t.jkt,f evfqktcb
hfyubc cgtwbfkbcnt,b8 .dtkfathb
eylf ufdfrtsjs vfsb cfmfhsdtkjib lf,heyt,bcfsdbc7 eylf itdemvyfs ,fpf7 hfsf itt&kjs veifj,f lf cfvij,kjib lf,heyt,bc
ibib fh /mjylts8 fqcfybiyfdbf bcbw7
hjv fmtlfy ofcekb f[fkufphlf
#% okbc fcfrib lfcfdktsib “kbth
ufypbldfc ufybwlbc7 hflufy bm
vtwybtht,fib gjpbwbbc vj&bt,f &ytkbf7 dbyw dth vrdblhlt,f7 bc itvltu ,bpytcib uflflbc lf cfvelfvj tvbuhfwbfc fhxtdc8 se cfmfhsdtkjib bycnbnent,b7 cfvtwybthj
wtynht,b fvjmvtllt,f7 vfiby bv
[fk[bc lf,heyt,f itb&kt,f8
2 hf ghj,ktvt,b fmdc lqtc vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbfc0
2 &bhbsflbf vjo.j,bc ghj,ktvf8
se lfcfdktssfy jhbtynbht,ek
cfpjufljt,fc dmvybs7 vfiby .dtkfathb sfylfsfyj,bs eylf itdwdfkjs8 vsfdhj,fibw lf frfltvbfibw byntycbehb veifj,f vbvlbyfhtj,c7 hjv frfltvbfib xfvj.fkb,ltc sfyfvtlhjdt vtyt]vtynb7
bub tdhjgekb nbgbc cfvtwybthj
rdktdbsb bycnbnenb uf[ltc8 tc .jdtkbdt fldbkb hjlbf7 vfuhfv xdty
udfmdc cojhb [tldf lf cfsfyflj
wjlyf7 hjvtksf cfhtfkbpfwbjl
cfzbhjf lhj7 sfy[f lf vsfdhj,bc
[tkito.j,f8
2 fv tnfgpt hf sfyflujvf ufmds
[tkbceakt,bcufy0
2 [tkbceakt,f frfltvbbc uflfhxtyfc fh wlbkj,c gbhbmbs7 vjmvtlt,c cnthtjnbgbs7 hjv tc fhbc
fhmfekb7 vj&dtkt,ekb cbcntvf7
hjvtkcfw cfhut,tkb fqfhfdbcsdbc
vjfmdc7 hfw7 w[flbf7 vwlfhb it[tlekt,ff8 vcjakbjib &ytkfl vjb&t,yt,f bctsb mdt.fyf7 cflfw [fk[b
fctsb vobhb lfabyfyct,bs veifj,c8 serb cfvsfdhj,j rjvbcbfv uflfo.dbnf frfltvbbc7 hjujhw cbcntvbc7 uflfhxtyf bub uf[lt,f sfyfvtlhjdt7 tdhjgekb nbgbc aeylfvtynehb rdktdt,bc yfwbjyfkehb
wtynhb7 hfw mfhsek vtwybtht,fc
lf vskbfyfl mdt.fyfc rfhu itltut,c vjenfyc8
2 hf bvtlt,bs [dlt,f f[fk otkc
vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbf0
2 vjvfdfkb okbcflvb jgnbvbcnehb ufyo.j,f udfmdc8 dbveifdt,s
eahj vtnc7 ufdffyfkbpt,s xdtyc itcf&kt,kj,t,c lf itdbyfhxeyt,s fv
cbcntvfc7 hjujhw sfyfvtlhjdt7
f[fk7 vtwybtht,bc thjdyekb rdktdbc wtynhc8 vsfdfhbf itdbyfhxeyjsufydfdbsfhjs okt,bc vfy&bkpt lfuhjdbkb wjlyf lf vjdeahs[bklts
fv wjlybs fqzehdbk flfvbfyt,c8
KTKF [DFLFUBFYB8
HFC OTHLYTY FCB OKBC OBYFS 3BDTHBF4 LF 3WYJ,BC AEHWTKB4
HJUJH tut,t,jlf7 cfereybc obyfs7
mfhsekb ghtcf f[fk otkc0 hfpt
abmhj,lf7 hf fqtkdt,lf7 hf vbfxylf evsfdhtc ghj,ktvfl0 fv ufywlbs uflfdbrbs[ts !)_% okbc ! bfydhbc .jdtklqbehb ufptst,b5 3wyj,bc aehwtkb4 lf 3bdthbf48
3cff[fkokj abmht,bs4 tcfe,ht,f
3wyj,bc aehwkbc4 vrbs[dtkt,c vbvjv[bkdtkb7 actdljybvbs 3rfkfvb48
cnfnbf bo.t,f hectsbc w[jdht,bc
vbvj[bkdbs 2 sehvt hectsib ufyf[kt,bc cbjv lf,thf lf cfpjufljt,f bs[jdc htajhvt,c7 hjvtksf vbpfybf5 sdbsvjmvtlt,bcf lf
sdbsvvfhsdtkj,bc lfv.fht,f cf[tkvobajib7 flfvbfybc ufysfdbceakt,f vtgfnhjybcufy lf vbcb ufsfyfcojht,f7 cfpjufljt,bc fmnbehb vjyfobktj,f cfthj lf cf[tkvobaj cfmvtt,ib8 ]th]thj,bs
,behjrhfnbf lf “fkvjvhtj,f fh
fkfuvekf8 ,behjrhfnbfv ,h&jkf
ufvjew[flf sdbsvvfhsdtkj,fc lf
ufbvfh]df7 ghtcfc ofthsdf !(^%
okbc htajhvbc itltufl vbybzt,ekb sfdbceakt,f7 ufemvlf lfvjerblt,tkb7 cf]fhj7 cf[fk[j cfvfhsfkb7 ukt[t,c rb obyfyltkb
,fnjyt,bc vfubdhfl7 f[fkb ,fnjyt,b lfeybiytc8
cnfnbbc fdnjhbc fphbs7 hectsbc ufyf[kt,f xdtyb mdt.ybc ufyf[kt,fwff7 fvbnjv htajhvt,b
fewbkt,tkbfj8 vfuhfv cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc .jdtkb htajhvf yf.jabthb v[jkjl vfiby bmyt,f7 hjltcfw bub xdtyb mdt.ybc vjs[jdybkt,t,c ittcf,fvt,f8
3wyj,bc aehwkbc4 vbvjv[bkdtkbc vsfdfhb vjs[jdyf thjdyekj,ff8 vbcb fphbs7 yt,bcvbthb reknehekb lfotct,ekt,f v[jkjl vfiby bvjqdfot,c yf.jabthfl lf cfhut,kj,fc vjenfyc cfpjufljt,fc7
hjltcfw thjdyekj,fc lftae&yt,f8
efvbcjl7 itath[lt,f cfpjufljt,hbdb obycdkfj8
3hjvtkbw ubylfs htajhvf
fbqts7 fhw thsb fh vjbnfyc cfcehdtk yf.jac7 se thjdyekb [fcbfsb fh vbbqj8 tc firfhff7 hflufy
ufydbsfht,f itb&kt,f v[jkjl
thjdyek ybflfupt7 cfvfhsfkb7 otcbthb ufvut,kj,f7 cofdkf-ufyfskt,f7 cjwbfkehb htajhvt,b ufy[jhwbtklt,f v[jkjl lf v[jkjl
thjdyt,bc itvotj,bs8884
fcb okbc obyfs uf[vbfyt,ekb tc
cbn.dt,b lqtc eahj vtnfl fmnefkehbf7 hflufy xdtyc mdt.fyfib
htajhvt,bc [fyff8 lf7 cfvoe[fhjl7
thjdyekj,fpt vtnfl c[df cfrbs[t,b [lt,f afctekb8
3wyj,bc aehwkbc4 fdnjhb rb 3rfkfvbc4 actdljybvbs udte,yt,f5 3bc
htajhvt,bf ztivfhbnb htajhvt,b7 hjvkt,bw ittsdbct,f thjdyt,fc7 phlbc thjdyek &fkt,c7 bwfdc
thjdyek sdbsfhct,j,fc7 efvbcjl
htajhvf dth bmyt,f reknehekb7
ghjuhtcekb htajhvf7 efvbcjl gjkbnbrehb htajhvf dth vjfvpflt,c
ybflfuc cjwbfkehb htajhvt,bcfsdbc48
fqcfybiyfdbf7 hjv fcb okbc obyfs fmnefkehb sdbsvvfhsdtkj,bc
lfv.fht,bc ghj,ktvf lqtcfw vstkb cbvodfdbs bxtyc sfdc lf fv
v[hbd htajhvf erdt lfo.t,ekbf8
ufptsb 3bdthbfw4 cff[fkokj
yjvthib 3wyj,bc aehwkbc4 vcufdcfl7 cfzbh,jhjnj ghj,ktvfpt
fvf[dbkt,c .ehflqt,fc 2 tc fhbc
thbc cofdkf-ufyfskt,f7 hjvtkbw
fdnjhbc 2 f8 .evbcsfdtkbc fphbs7
hectssfy cfmfhsdtkjc itthst,blfy !__ okbc itvltu7 erfy-erfy
ofcekf8 oby dthw ofdbljlf7 hflufy
hectsc cofdkf-ufyfskt,bc v[hbd
tdhjgbc .dtkf cf[tkvobajc ijhbc erfyfcrytkb flubkb ezbhfdc8
sfyfw7 lfo.t,bs lf cfiefkj crjkt,ib cofdkf fhfvij,kbeh tyfpt vbvlbyfhtj,c5
3,fdidt,c ufeut,fhbc tybc cfiefkt,bs codhsybfy7 sesb.eibdbs
fptgbht,ty chekbfl ufeut,fhc ufeut,fhbc tybcfdt cfiefkt,bs lf
fvbc itvltu hjujhb yf.jab eylf ufvjbqjc xdtyvf bctlfw vwbht crjkt,vf=4 2 othc 3bdthbf4 lf
bmdt lfc&tyc7 hjv xdtyc thc crjkt,bc uflfudfht,bc ufvj chekb
ujyt,hbdb cbqfnfrt vjtkbc8
htajhvt,bc ti[ib itcekvf xdtyb
ufyfskt,bc lqtdfyltkvf vtcdteht,vf ofhcekb fh eylf lfbdbo.jy
lf obyfght,bc [vfcfw .ehb vbeuljy8 pju]th ofhcekb eahj vtnc
udfcofdkbc7 dblht udujybf888
ufhlf thjdyekj,bcf7 3wyj,bc
aehwtkb4 lf 3bdthbf4 cff[fkokj
yjvht,ib cf.ehflqt,j fv,t,cfw
udfn.j,byt,ty8 sehvt 3sfdflb frfrb
othtstkb fv;fvfl rfhufl fhbc7
fdflv.jab vjrtslf7 hjv t[kf at[pt lflbc8 tmbvt,c bvtlb fmds7 hjv
vujcfyb fv wjnf [fyib chekbfl
ufybrehyt,f48
3wyj,bc aehwtkb4 bn.j,byt,f7
fuhtsdt7 hjv gbhfmtsf [tdcehtsib7 cjatk ,fhbcf[jib cffdflv.jajc lffhct,fc fgbht,ty9 cfvtuhtkjib rb dbqfwfc jhb trktcbf ufent[bf888
!)_% okbc ! bfydhbc 3bdthbf4
othc5
3nabkbcbc aeybrekbjhb sbsmvbc
vpfl fhbc7 ufvfhsekbf cflueht,b8
lfut,ekbf htkct,b lf lf.tyt,ekbf cfvj&hfjl vtnfl rjgobf dfujyt,b8 dfujyt,bc vj&hfj,f lfbo.t,f rdbhfc7 @ bfydfhc !)_% otkc8
dfujyt,c fdnjvfnehb vfymfyt,b
fmdc7 hjvkbc itvotj,bsfw .jdtkc
oesc itb&kt,f dfujybc ufxtht,f7
seylfw sjrb7 hjvtkbw dfujyc
bzthc7 ufo.ltc rbltw8 fct hjv7 vj&hfj,bc lhjc fhfdbsfhb ibib fh
fhbc vjcfkjlytkb48
3bdthbf4 fmdt fmdt.yt,c byajhvfwbfc5 sehvt s,bkbcbc cf,zjib
lfcvekf cfrbs[b vttpjdtsf ufcfysfdbceakt,kfl 3cfgjkbwbj sfyfvlt,j,bcufy7 hjv gjkbwbfc eakt,f fqfh /mjyltc vttpjdtyb vjb[vfhjc c[dflfc[df cfmvbcfsdbc48
fctsb iefvlujvkj,f fqe&hfdc gtnth,ehubc mfkfmbc cf,zjcfw8
jhbdt ufptsb5 3wyj,bc aehwtkb4
lf 3bdthbf4 vrbs[dtkc fwyj,t,c7
hjv #! ltrtv,thc ufhlfbwdfkf
vw[tsbc vjyfcnhbc bqevtybf ybyj8
tc byajhvfwbf gbhdtk udthlpt lb-
lb ihbanbsff ufvjmdt.yt,ekb8
ufptst,b cbyfyekbs bn.j,byt,bfy !% okbc ,bzbc bcbljht yfnvtkf&bc nhfutlbfc7 hjvtkbw fdzfkbc mexfpt nhfvdfbc dfujyc ufenfybf8 3yfnvtkf&t qfhb,b ltl-vfvbc idbkbf8 vfvf .he lf vey]b
?.fdc8 sdbsjy ,bzb7 &kbth lfifdt,ekb7 vb[tbkbc cffdflv.jajibf48
ufptst,ib lblb .ehflqt,f tsvj,f mfhsekb obuybc vfqfpbf 3wjlyfc48 vbcb ufvubc cjcbrj vthrdbkf&bc wyj,bs7 fm b.blt,f mfhsekb
obuyt,b lf cf[tkv&qdfytkjt,b8 vfqfpbbc vbpfybf 3[fk[ib lf cfpjufljt,fib ufvjcfltu7 cfcfhut,kj
lf .dtkfcfsdbc [tk-vbcfodljvb
obuyt,bc4 ufdhwtkt,f8 dbyw ths,fifl vhfdfk obuyc b.blbc7 vfssdbc afclfrkt,bs ufbwtvf obuyt,b8
bmdt fqybiyekbf7 hjv 3wjlyfib4 b.blt,f ijsf hecsfdtkbc lblb
cehfsb7 hjvtkbw fsb ifehb qbhc8
3wyj,bc aehwtkb4 lf cffmwbjythj cfpjufljt,f 3uhfvjajyb4
vrbs[dtkc ij,bcsdbc 3cfcfhut,kj cfxemfhc4 2 uhfvjajyc csfdfpj,c8 [jkj ufptsb 3bdthbf4
bn.j,byt,f7 hjv ufvjdblf lf .dtkufy b.blt,f mfhsdtksf ijhbc othf-rbs[dbc ufvfdhwtkt,tkb cfpjufljt,bc vbth ufvjwtvekb obuyt,b5
ybrj kjvjehbc 3mf]fyf4 lf 3fkb48
obuyt,b !_ rfgbrb qbhc7 vfsb ufvjothf sehvt afclfrkt,bsfw itb&kt,f8
ufptsb 3wyj,bc aehwtkb4 cff[fkokj itujyt,t,cfw fmdt.yt,c8
ghtcfc ,efcnbc cbn.dt,bs vbvfhsfdc5 3flfvbfyb [tkbcf lf at[bc
itrdhfc eahj yt,lt,f7 dblht tybc
itrdhfc48
xdtyt,eh crjkfc eibycrbc cbn.dt,bs fahs[bkt,c5 3uf/mhf tyf thbcf7 uf/mhf sdbsjy thbw8884 [jkj
whe vjqdfots fynjy 6 itujyt,fc
f[ctyt,c5 3vjdbwfkt c[dfsf .jdtksf rtsbksfufy lf fh vjdbwfkt
cfmfhsdtkjc cfvcf[ehbcfufy4888
fct hjv7 !)_% okbc ! bfydhbc
3wyj,bc aehwtkb4 lf 3bdthbf4 vhfdfkv[hbd cfuekbc[vj cnfnbt,c
,tzlfdty mdt.ybcsdbc evodfdtc
ghj,ktvt,pt7 hjvtksfufy pjubthsb lqtcfw udfqtkdt,c lf vhfdfk cfabmhfkc udbnjdt,c8
MTSTDFY RF[TSTKB’T8
cbn.df
4
1 !7 IF,FSB7 ! BFYDFHB7 @__% OTKB8
F[FKB OBUYBLFY
3>B>KB>J4
FCNHJKJUBEHB ,EVB 7
FRF VJHXBKF&T
FYE VFHSKF LUT,F SE FHF VFVKBC OTKBOFLB0
FHFBCNJHBEKB HJVFYB
GBHDTKB LFDSFHB
VOFHT MHJYBRF
dby idf dby
BV vjluvblfy ubjhub 66 thsflthsb
vtat b.j7 nf[nblfy uflf.tyt,f hjv
vjbsvbyf lf idbkb fh vjrkf8 bc
b.j thsbfyb cfmfhsdtkjc erfyfcrytkb rtsbkb vtat lf se dbyvt
ufvjtvcufdcf cbrtstib7 v[jkjl
idbkbidbkbc idbkbidbkb lf bcbw
mfkb7 cf[tkfl sfvfhb8
fv jhc vstkb cfereyt fijht,c
thsvfytsc8 vstkb cfereyt lf cfvb
vfvfrfwb7 hjvkt,cfw cfew[jj vcjakbj cf[tkt,b thmdfs5 lfdbsb7 ltvtnht lf ubjhub8
vfsufy gbhdtkvf7 vbcvfdt idbkvf
sdbsjy bub xfvjfulj nf[nblfy lf
bvtaf jwlfstmdcvtn otkboflc8
vtjhtv7 fv lfdbsbc idbkvf7 vfvf
fh xfvjfulj7 hflufy dth xfvjfult,lf7 vfuhfv vjcgj evwhjcb
&vf7 hjvtkbw vfvfc &fkbfy e.dfhlf
lf tut, vtatlfw fvpflt,lf8 fvfy
bvtaf jwlffs otkboflc8
vtcfvtv7 fv vtjhbc idbkvf7 vfvfcsfy thsfl lffv[j erdt ufvtat,ekb &vf lf sfdfl ufvtalf7 hflufy vfvfc bc eahj e.dfhlf7 itvltu rb uffyfluehf fv vjrkekb
&vbc idbkb7 hjvtkbw jw otkboflc
tkjlf ,b&bc lfyfgbht,c7 ufufvtat,j8 tc vtcfvt nf[npt b.j fctdt
jwlffs otkboflc8
vbcb cbrdlbkbc itvltu rb ufvtalf
sfvfhb7 hjvtkbw fct /ufdlf lbl
lf lfdbo.t,ek ,f,efc8
fv cfvvf itmvyf lblb cfmfhsdtkj8
cfmfhsdtkjc bvgthbf7 hjvtkvfw
bfhct,f fctdt ths cfereytc7 vjyqjkt,bc itvjcdkfvlt7 hjwf fv sfvfhbc df;b7 ubjhub kfif vjyqjkt,sfy ,h&jkfib lfbzhf7 sfdbcb lbc7 hecelfybc mjhobkib zhbkj,f uft[cyf lf ufhlfbwdfkf8 hecelfyc ,t,bbc cf[tkb rb fh thmdf7 fhfvtl ,f,ebc lbcf8
hecelfyc lf ubjhub kfifc vfvf jcb /.fdlfs7 lfdbs cjckfyb8
tc lfdbs cjckfyb cojhtl vfsb
,f,ebc lfc7 hecelfyc uftpfhlf lf
vfc itvltu vbfs[jdtc vfs ltlfc7
sfvfhc7 hjwf vbcb gbhdtkb mvfhb7 hecb ubjhub cjljvbtkj,bc
,hfkbs lffijhtc lf mdt.yblfy uff&tdtc8
sfvfhbc vfvf ubjhub 666 b.j lf
wjkfl /.fdlf fctdt jcb7 ,ehle[fy ltljafkb8 vbcb thsflthsb
idbkb mfkfl vjtdkbyf mdt.fyfc7
sevwf ubjhub 666 thsb c[df mfkbidbkbw /.fdlf v[tdfkb mfkbcfufy7
hjvtkbw sfvfhbc cfs[jdytkfl vjcek fpbtk eakbcoekc itfcfqtc
wjkfl8
,t,bf hecelfyb lf ubjhub 666 b.dyty ltvtnht 6 evwhjcb idbkt,b8
eahjc idbkc rb thmdf lfdbsb sfdbcb lblb ,f,ebc cfvf[cjdhjl8 ltvtnhtc c&eklf lfdbsb lf fk,fs
fh e.dfhlf lblb lfdbsbw7 fqvfityt,kfl ojlt,ekb vfvfvbcb8 vfc
eyljlf evwhjcb df;bc ufvtat,f8
lfdbsb rb hf[fy b.j idbkbidbkb
lblb lfdbs fqvfityt,kbcf7 hjvtkvfw itmvyf bvgthbf7 vjbmwf bct7 hjujhw jltcqfw vjbmwf vbcb ,f,ef5
vfvf nf[nblfy uflff.tyf lf sdbsjy ufvtalf8 ltvtnht vjyfcnthib itdblf7 sevwf hfudfhb ,thb bmyt,jlf7 w[flbf8 ltvtnht fh b.j
bctsb rtsbkb7 hjujhw ,f,efvbcb ubjhub 668
tmdc sdtib lfdbsb ufhlfbwdfkf8
fct fh ufhlfbwdkt,bfy [jkvt8 ltvtnht vjyfcnhblfy ufvjdblf lf
ufvtalf8 udthlbs vjbcdf evwhjcb idbkb7 hjvtkbw vfktdt fmwbf
ubjhub 6668 lfdbsbc idbkb rb7 hjvtkcfw ,f,ebc gfnbdcfwtvfl thmdf ltvtnht-ltvyf7 ,b&fv nf[nc n.ebkbs xfvjfwbkf7 ufbphlt,f lf ufdfvtat,j8
ltvtnhtc vfvf b.j lfdbs fqvf-
ityt,tkb7 ovbylfyfl ithfw[ekb vtat7
hjvtkvfw cfmfhsdtkj fmwbf cfmfhsdtkjl8 ltvtnht vfc /.fdlf gbhdtkb wjkbcufy7 hjvtkbw cjvt[b
b.j8 tc gbhdtkb wjkb ecf[tkjl
lf erdfkjl ufmhf bcnjhbblfy8 bvfcfw rb fv,j,ty7 bthecfkbvib ufbcnevhtc vjyfpdyflj8 lfdbsc /.fdlf vtjht wjkb uehfyle[nb7 .bdxf.b8 bvfsb vtabc7 fshfmf ifhfqfybc&bc fcekb5 vbcufy rb df;b7 hjvtkcfw thmdf df[nfyub8 tut, /.fdlf c[df df;bw7 sevwf tc fhfdby bwbc8
ltvtnhtc c&eklf df[nfyub7 hjvtkbw e.dfhlf lfdbsc8 lfdbsbc fylth&b .fk, cf,esfl vbbxytdf7 vthdt
cfereytf8 bv yfothib vtat bs[jdc7
hjv df[nfyucfw thujc nf[nb8
lfdbs fqvfityt,kbc vfvf b.j ubjhub 667 hjvtkbw f]fy.t,ek mdtitdhljvt,c [vkbs fh t,h&jlf lf aekc
lf sfyfvlt,j,t,c ehbut,lf8 bc uflff.tytc7 hjwf lfdbsb stmdcvtnb
okbc b.j8 lfdbsbc ufhlf df;b fh
/.jkbf7 mfkbidbkt,b rb /.fdlf8
,fuhfnbjyt,b vjluvbs kfvfpt,b
fhbfy7 ufycfresht,bs kfvfpb fmds
sdfkt,b7 yfqdkbfyb lf qhvf8 tc
ufvjesmvtkb yfqdtkb vfs vfc itvltu xfe]lfs vpthfib7 hfw ufyfluehlyty lf ufgfhnf[lyty hjujhw
vtatt,b8 tc rb vj[lf cojhtl vfc
itvltu7 hfw ubjhub kfifc zhbkj,f
uft[cyf lbc mjhobkib7 hjvtkcfw
bub c&eklf8
kfifc bctlfw fqfh /mjylf thsb sdfkb7 mexeh x[e,ib ufvjts[fhfs dbqfw ewyj,t,c7 hjvkt,vfw
fh bwjlyty7 hjv vtatf7 hflufyfw
e,hfkj nfycfwvkbs cbfhekb e.dfhlf8
ubjhub 66 lf
utjuhfabf
FM cfzbhjf cfmfhsdtkjc utjuhfabekb sfdbct,eht,bc wjlyf7 dbyfblfy ptvjs xfvjsdkbkb vtatt,b thsbfy cfmfhsdtkjc ufyfut,lyty8 tc rb utjuhfabekfl &fkbfy &ytkbf8
cfmfhsdtkj .jdtksdbc jhb b.j7
fqvjcfdktsb lf lfcfdktsb8 fqvjcfdktsc .jdtksdbc vtnb vnhj,f7
h,tdf lf e,tleht,f it[dtlhbf7 lfcfdktsc rb lfcfdktsblfy trhf ifdb
pqdf7 fvjewyj,b lf cfibib o.fkb7
hjvkbc ufvjdkbsfw jwlffsb cfereybc ufyvfdkj,fib vjwehlf th-
sflthsb cf[tkjdfyb flfvbfyb7 cf[tkjdfyb utvbs7 hjvtkcfw 3fhuj4
thmdf8 cbn.df pqdfw7 lbl o.fkc fqybiyfdc mfhsekfl7 cbn.df cfpqdhblfy vjtlbyt,f8 fqvjcfdktsblfy
lfcfdkts cfmfhsdtkjc trdhbc kb[bc mtlb lf hjwf vnthb fqvjcfdkts cfmfhsdtkjc lfbg.hj,lf7 bc
sbsmvbc fhfclhjc uflflbjlf lfcfdkts cfmfhsdtkjib7 hflufy bwjlf7 hjv se fv mtlc uflfkf[fdc7
vtht ,tdhb eylf bfhjc ufedfk n.tt,ib lf vbflut,f pqdfc7 mdt.ybtht,bc lfcfchekc8 f,ek-.fcbvbc lblb kfimhj,f wbt,bsf lf vbcb ]fhbc
ufyflueht,bs lfcheklf pqdbc gbhfc8 tc b.j vtw[ht cfereytib lf
bvbc itvltu fv mtlc bidbfsfl se
uflfcekf lfvg.hj,tkb7 ths[tk
rb cojhtl vfiby7 hjwf ubjhub 66
b.j vtatl8
hf[fy mtlvf lf pqdfv itmvyf jhb
cfmfhsdtkj7 cfmfhsdtkjibw fhct,j,lf jhb mfkfmb7 lfcfdktsbcf lf fqvjcfdktsbcf7 mesfbcb lf
s,bkbcb8 mesfbcb cek jh]th lfeyuhtdbf vnthc7 s,bkbcb rb fsfc]th8
mesfbcb cfmfhsdtkjc bvgthbbc
frdfybf8 bm lqtcfw buh&yj,f bvgthbbc ujkbfsehb cekb lf c[df
tht,bcflvb vtlblehb lfvjrblt,ekt,f8 f[kf mesfbcb fhbc ekfvfpj mfkfmb7 hjvtkcfw frhfdc bvgthbbc tgjmbc ekfvfptcb lf vybidytkjdfyb flubkt,b8 mesfbcsfy
fhbc sehmsfufy lfyuhtekb lblb ,fuhfn vtcfvbc nf&fhb lf ut-
kfsbc vjyfcnthb7 hjvtkbw ffutc
lfdbs fqvfityt,tkvf lf ubjhub
6668 jhbdtyb bmdt fhbfy lfvfh[ekyb8
lfdbsbc cfakfdb7 hjujhw vjyfybt rfwbcf7 itvjhxtybkbf7 [jkj
vbcb idbkbidbkbcf 2 fhf8 fk,fs7
bmdt vfh[bfy .dtkfyb7 ubjhub 666
eahjcb &vbc ufhlf8
s,bkbcb rb fhbc kfvfpb mfkfmb7 hjvtkcfw ufhc ekfvfpj flubkt,b fhn.bf8 bvfy7 hjv mesfbcb kb[c bmbs b.j7 fv mfkfmc lb-
cfdktsbcf thxbdyf7 vfuhfv fv cfmvtcfw vjyljvt,bs vb/.j [tkb lf
fqvjcfdktsib hjv vfvfkvf b.bdkf7
.jabkb vtabc lfvcf[eht,fw b.j8
cfmfhsdtkjc fqfhfcjltc /.jkbf fctsb .jabkb vtat8
vtabc cbrdlbkb
UBJHUB 66 idbkbc ufvtat,blfy jwlfthsb okbc sfdpt ufhlfbwdfkf8
vfc thsb lqtw fh ew[jdhbf idb-
FRF VJHXBKF&T8
lb mfkfmj,bc cfiefkt,f vjerkf8
s,bkbcb rb7 .jdtksdbc lfg.hj,bkb lf zhtkb7 yfvldbk mfkfmfl
bmwf8
mesfbcb lfhxf bvgthbbc frdyfl7
jqjyl ief cfereytt,ib vfc mfkfmb
rb fhf7 lfwekb nthbnjhbf eahj
thmdf8
fv utjuhfabfv itbobhf rtsbkb
vtat ubjhub 667 hjvkbc vtaj,fw
thsb [tkbc vjcvbs uflfafhf cfmfhsdtkjib ctkxersf ufvjxtyfv8
ctkxert,b bc vjvsf,fht [fk[bf7
hjvtkvfw vtht jcvfktsbc bvgthbf itmvyf8 vfsb ufvjxtybcfc cfmfhsdtkjib ]th rbltd fhct,j,lf
bvtlb7 hjvtkcfw rjycnfynbyjgjkb
thmdf8 tc b.j cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc
dthfub lf cf.dfhtkb mfkfmb7 cflfw mfhsdtkb vtatt,b ufvtat,bc
yt,fhsdfc bqt,lyty8
ubjhub 66 vfvf7 ,fuhfn 6| vj[ewb7
hjvtkbw erdt jhvjwlf[es otkboflc vfhsfdlf cfmfhsdtkjc7 cek
wjnfsb vjtcohj sfdbcb mdt.ybc
ctkxersfufy ufdthfyt,fc8 vtht nf[nb ubjhubv xfb,fhf8 vbcb vtaj,bc
fsb okbc sfdpt rb fqvjcfdktsb
cfmfhsdtkj fqfh fhct,j,lf8 bub
mwtekb.j ctkxersf cf&jdht,fl
lf ufedfk n.tt,fl7 cflfw yflbhb bct vjvhfdkt,ekb.j7 hjv at[bs cbfhekb ctkxert,bcsdbcfw cfibib xfylf8 mfkfmb b.j thsflthsb7
s,bkbcb7 hjvtkcfw vfhsfdlyty
fhf,t,b kfvbc cfvfc jhvjwlffs
otkboflc8
ubjhub 66 ctkxert,sfy ,h&jkfc
sfdb vbfyt,f lf kb[bc mtlb uflfbfhf7 hfw fct &ytkb b.j c[dt,bcsdbc lf bjkb mfhsdtkt,bcsdbc8
vfy vidtybdhfl bwjlf utjuhfabf
lf ofqdkbcsfdib lfvrdblht,ekc
mtlc uflvjqvf fqfhw uflvje[tlfdc7 bwjlf7 hjv ctkxert,c fqvjcfdkts cfmfhsdtkjc dtkt,b
vjcojylfs lf fhf lfcfdkts cfmfhsdtkjc vst,b lf zfj,t,b8
ubjhub 66 ,tdhc yflbhj,lf lfcfdkts cfmfhsdtkjc n.tt,ib lf
ths[tk7 yflbhj,blfy lf,heyt,ekc7 cfcf[ktib lfe[dlyty tgbcrjgjct,b lf dtpbht,b lf /rbs[tc7
hfc egbht, mdt.ybc vtjht yf[tdfhc7
mtlc uflfqvf hjv lfhxfj8 ubjhubv
yfyflbhtdbc vodflb itcsfdfpf lf
xfvjsdfkf bc sjs[vtnb mdt.fyf7
cflfw ctkxert,c dthfathb vje[th[tc8 cfyfv vodflb itbodt,jlf7 ubjhub vtatl fqfh b.j8 vbc vfubdhfl lfcdtc vbcb df;b lfdbsb7 hjvtkcfw itvlujvib fqvfityt,tkb
tojlf lf ovbylfyflfw itbhfw[f
mfhsekb trktcbbc vbth8
yflbhj,f udbhudbybc ufhtitw rfhufl itb&kt,jlf7 ubjhub 66 vjyfcnthib it.dfyf lf ,thfl fqrdtwf
dthfahbs vjf[th[tc8 uflf.tyt,blfy sbsmvbc jw otkboflc7 ubjhub 66 cek yflbhj,lf7 cfyfv fh vjrdlf8 fqfhfdbc f[cjdlf7 hjv vtat
b.j7 ubjhub-vjyflbhtc t&f[lyty8
cfrdbhdtkbf7 vfuhfv cojhtl vbcvf
yflbhj,bc cb.dfhekvf ufvjbodbf
bvgthbbc itmvybc fewbkt,kj,f8
ubjhub 66 ufycfresht,bs vfc itvltu vje[ibhf yflbhj,fc7 hjwf vbcvf df;vf lfdbs fqvfityt,tkvf fqvjcfdkts cfmfhsdtkjlfy ctkxert,bc uf.hf lfbo.j8 fv lhjc7 .jabkvf vtatv uflfo.dbnf lfmbhfdt,ek jcsf hfpvsfy thsfl yflbhbcufy uftovbylf ctkxersfufy ufovtylbkb mdt.fyf8
sevwf7 ubjhubc yflbhb vfbyw lf-
kbc vbth fityt,ek utuesbc cfcf[ktib8 cek c[df v[fhtc7 cfqjhbfc n.bc gbhfc bluf ths &tkeh cf[kib lf okt,b bct ufbdkblf7 cfcf[kbc fv,fdc fh vjbrbs[fdlf8 vcf[ehfl tluf sfdbcb &dtkb ,fpbthb iekbf lf fh /.fdlf cfyflbhj
ahbydtkt,b7 hjvtksf vjdkfcfw
lbl aeaeyt,fl vbbxytdlf8 fh lflbjlf fhw ths f[kjvf[kj cfdfytib lf /.fdlf fhf w[tyb7 fhfvtl
]jhb8 cfqjhbfc n.tc cojhtl vfy
lffhmdf cfqjhbfc n.t7 hflufy bm
,tdhb tidb ,byflhj,lf8 vfcsfy lfbfht,jlf thsb ,thb7 cfvjtkb7 bcbw
bctsbdt vj[ewb7 hjujhw ubjhub
lf iekbf8 cfvjtkb jltcqfw vbcb vtcfojkt .jabkb.j7 bc fpbfht,lf lf vj/mjylf sfakb lf qdbyj vbcsdbc8 ubjhubv efhb smdf cfvtaj cfvpfhtekjlfy lfybiyek cfphljpt8
vj[ewbc cbrdlbkb utuesib itbn.dtc cfvb lqbc sfdpt8 vbcb df;b vtatsvtat lfdbsb fv lhjc cekfw fh b.j
mesfbcib7 fhfvtl kb[c bmbs b.j7
cflfw cf[tkvobaj cfmvtsf vjudfht,fib ufhsekb.j8 lftyuhbf f,ektsbc&tsf cf[kb7 hjvtkbw lfdbsbc
vjqjybtht,ek mdt.fyfib sfdflfw
vjqjybtht,ekb.j lf bm fxtylf cfvfhsfkc8 lfdbsc f[klf sfdbcb vjyf-cgf lf cfvbfsfcb ltlfoekbfyfl
lf&hekb .bdxf.b7 hjvtksfw bc lfwtvek lf ufyltdybk f,ektsbc&tsf
vbot,c eyfobkt,lf8 ibrhbrc js[b
lqt vjeylf8 rbltd js[b lqbc itvltu vjbnfyf vtabc gfce[b5 utkfsib
lffcdtyts lf extvjl fh lfrh&fkjsj8
vtat sjs[vtnb lqbc itvltu lf,heylf7 jwb .bdxf.b f[klf7 jwbdt vbcb
vjyfskekb8 &vt,c t&f[lf fv jwc lf
fvfsb idbkbidbkt,b dby uf[lyty7 ubjhub 666 lhjc7 vtht itbn.j,s8 nfkf[bfyb lf kb[uflvjdkbkb7 gbhlfgbh vityt,fht vjyfcnthib vbdblf lf itdblf &dtk7 gfnfhf ,fpbkbrfib7 hjvtkbw f[kf fqfh fhct,j,c8
bm tcdtyf mdbc vfublfpt ufwbyt,ekb lf [vtkb ubjhub 668 odthib
lfvzryfhb cfgjdytkt,b toyf7 .jdtksdbc e.dfhlf fvfsb cehytkb8
vtat b.j nfkf[bfyb lf lfqkbkb7
fv lhjc rb ,ytklt,jlf8 ufhts vfi[fkt,bs bluf jhfcb rfwb8
[esb otkboflb cheklt,jlf7 lfdbsc vfvfvbcb fh tyf[f8 bv [esb okbc
obyfw itvs[dtdbs uflffo.lf8
vtat ufhts ufvjdblf lf smdf5
hjujhw vjrdlf vfvfxtvb0
tpjcvj&qdfhvf lfbo.j kjwdf lf
vj[ctybt,f7 hfsf fvbcsdbc vjt.jkt,byf fv,fdb7 vjrdlf bct7 hjujhw
vj[ewt,b rdlt,bfyj8
dby b.j vfvfxtvsfy0
.dtkfc fibyt,lf vbcb itrbs[dt,b7
bct fv,j,lf7 sbsmjc dbyvt eylf .jabkb.j vj[ewsfy7 hjvtkcfw eyljlf7
hjv fhfdby .jabkb.j vfcsfy8
vjf[ctytc7 hjv /.fdlf ,fpbthb
iekbf lf ,thb cfvjtkb8 lfdbsb
bwyj,lf iekbfc8 cfvjtkb fqfh f[cjdlf8 ths[fyc xevfl b.j lf vtht ecbn.djl it]lf w[typt7 bm lfvorhbdt,ek cfcf[kbc [fk[c uflvj[tlf lf smdf5 ,thb vjvb.dfyts8
cfvjtkb bm fh b.j8 qfvbs t’t,tc7
[esb f[kjvf[kj cjakbcrty
lfupfdytc [fk[b8 thsufy bgjdytc7
dbqfwtt,vf bwjlyty7 hjv mctyjybdbs hfqfw vjto.j bm lf ]f[bhj,lf jh c[df ,thsfy thsfl8
lbkbs vje.dfytc vtatc8
+UFUH&TKT<F BMYT<F`8
>JDTKB f[fkb okbc vjf[kjt,fcsfy thsfl vfcvtlbbc ths-ths vsfdfh stvfl bmwtdf [jkvt cfrbs[b
bvbc sfj,fpt7 se fqvjcfdkehb rfktylhbs hbcb otkb
lut,f 2 dbhs[bc7 udtkbc7 lhfrjybc7 rfnbc7 vfbveybcf lf c[df8 @__% okbc vjf[kjt,fv rdkfd fmnefkehb uf[flf tc cfrbs[b8 fv;fvfl fcnhjkjut,bc fphbs7 lut,f 3vodfyt +[bc‘ vfvkbc4 otkboflb8 ghtcfib vhfdkfl it[dlt,bs cnfnbt,c cfsfeht,bs5 3hfc
vjudbnfyc vodfyt vfvfkb04 3hjujh eylf itd[dlts
vfvkbc otkc04 3vfvkbc otkb ,tdhc udgbhlt,f4 lf
c[df8 ge,kbrfwbt,ib rjyrhtnekb htrjvtylfwbt,bw
fhbc bvfcsfy lfrfdibht,bs7 se hjujh eylf vjbmwtc flfvbfyb fhf vfhnj vfvkbc okbc lflujvbcfc7 fhfvtl vstkb @__% okbc vfy&bkpt7 fvudfhb hxtdt,b [ibhfl rjvbrehb [fcbfsbcff8 thsb ufptsb othc5
3cff[fkokjl ceahfpt vfvkbc7 mfsvbcf lf rdthw[bcufy
vjvpflt,ekb rth&t,b fh eylf b.jc4 +sbsmjc vfvkbc otkb hjv fh b.jc7 vfh[dfib itcf&kt,tkbf rdthw[bc zfvf‘8 wjnf mdtvjs rb drbs[ekj,s5 3jsf[ib7
cflfw f[fk otkc itd[dlt,bs7 hfbvt bctsb [bc fy
rthfvbrbc ybdsb fewbkt,kfl eylf utlufs7 hjvtkptlfw vfvfkb utvhbtkfl xfvj]ljvfcf lf lfcdtFCNHJKJUBF fvnrbwt,c7 hjv .jdtkb
flfvbfybc ,tlb ufycfpqdhekbf7 obyfcofh lflutybkbf lf fv ufycfpqdhbc ghbywbgc wbeh c[teksf7 pjlbfmjc ybiyt,bc vlujvfhtj,f ufyfgbhj,t,c8 fcnhjkjubbc vbpfyb
bcff7 hjv flfvbfyb lf vbcb yt,bc.jaf vskbfyfl ufhtit &fksf vbth
ltnthvbybht,ekfl ufvjfw[fljc lf
,tlbcothbc vjyfl uf[fljc8
fcnhjkjubbc vb[tldbs7 flfvbfyb7 hjujhw sfdbceafkb fhct,f7
fqfh fhct,j,c lf bub vfhbjytnflff
mwtekb8 vfhskfw7 se vbcb7 hjujhw
gbhjdyt,bc vjvfdfkb erdt uflfo.dtnbkbf7 vfiby bub7 hjujhw pytj,hbdb lf htkbubehb fhct,f7 fqfh
fhct,j,c8 xfltybkb yt,bcvbthb cfmwbtkb vskbfyfl ,tlbcothbc +pjlbfmjc7 gkfytnbcf lf f8i8‘ vbthff
ufygbhj,t,ekb8 t8 b8 se vfdfyb rfwc
yt,fc it&kt,c48 c[df ufptsb rb fcts htrjvtylfwbfc udf&ktdc5 3cff[fkokj ceahfpt vihfkb rth&t,b7 it&kt,bclfudfhfl7 gfnfh-gfnfhf yfzht,fl eylf b.jc lfzhbkb7 hflufy vfvfkb lbl kervfc dth
.kfgfdc4 +0=‘ 3rfhubf7 serb ceahfpt cbv,jkehfl
gehc fy [jh,kbc vfhwdkt,cfw lf.hbs7 bvfc7 hfcfw vfvfkb .jdtklqbehfl vbbhsvtdc888 +ifhify 3vfbveybc okbc4 fqcfybiyfdfl cfrtyrbc yfwdkfl ,fyfyc
udsfdfpj,lyty‘ lf fh lfufdbo.lts evsfdhtcb5 f[fkb
okbc lflujvfcsfy thsfl ceahbc otdht,vf ths[vfl ths[tk vfbyw b.dbhts 3.b.kb.j=4 fcts htrjvtylfwbt,sfy thsfl bvfdt cnfnbfib vjwtvekbf 3@__%
okbc htkbubehb ghjuyjpb45 3888 ev]j,tcb bmyt,f7 se
+@__% otkc‘ eahj vtnfl lfbynthtclt,bs htkbubbs7 vtnb utwjlbyt,fs lf ,tdhc bcfe,ht,s fv stvfpt48 hflufy sdbs fcnhjkjut,bw rb 3udbhxtdty47 vtnb
dbwjlts htkbubfpt7 fk,fs7 cfbynthtcj bmyt,f bvbc
wjlyfw7 se hjujh fafct,c mhbcnbfyj,f fcnhjkjubfcf
lf /jhjcrjgt,c8 fvbc wjlyf vbs eahj fewbkt,tkbf7 hjv fv f;bjnf;bc ufdktybs erdt pjubthsb wyj,bkb flfvbfyb cfmfhsdtkjc rtsbklqtj,fc vfvfkc
fdtlht,c8
vjrkfdc7 tc vbc vbth xfltybkb wjldf rb fh fhbc7 fhfvtl fct b.j uflfo.dtnbkb ]th rbltd vbc lf,flt,fvlt8 xfltybkb rtsbkb cfmvtw
cfsyjt,fl rb fqfh bsdkt,f7 fhfvtl
,hvf afnfkbpvbc ufvjdkbyt,fl8 fvudfh rjywtawbfc cf,jkjjl cbrtsbcf lf ,jhjnt,bc wyt,fsf bubdtj,bc fqbfht,fvlt vbd.fdfhs8
vfs rb7 dbyw fvbylbc ghjuyjpbc
vcufdcfl7 .jdtklqbehfl fcnhjghjuyjpbc byajhvfwbbc vb[tldbs
o.dtnc7 se hjlbc hjujh vjbmwtc7
hf xfbwdfc7 hf vbbhsdfc7 ufdbltc
se fhf cf[kblfy7 it[dltc se fhf
vtuj,fhc7 ufbrtsjc se fhf rezbc
jgthfwbf lf f8 i8 ituf[ctyt,s ovblf
,fcbkb lblbc cbn.dt,c5 3hfnjv bqegt,f utvbc xf&bhdbc lhjc vfcpt v.jab vhfdfkb flfvbfyb thsyfbhb cbrdlbkbs0 vfs [jv7 fk,fs7 utvbc ufc-
dkbc oby c[dflfc[dfyfbhb ,tl-bq,fkb eobyfcofhvtn.dtktc04 ovblf
bjfyt lfvfcrtkb rb othc5 3tkbyt,b
+ofhvfhst,b‘ fv,j,ty7 hjv dfhcrdkfdt,bc7 fctdt vpbcf lf vsdfhbc
xfcdkbs7 fvjcdkbsf lf lff[kjt,bs bvfhst,f .dtkf xdtyb mvtlt,fyb lf cojhtl fvbsff lfrfdt,ekb fcnhjkjubf8 [jkj xdty cfobyffqvltujc dfvnrbwt,s7 hjv vyfsj,t,bc cfiefkt,bs [lt,f obyfcofhb vbybiyt,f odbvbcf lf udfkdbcf7 yjnbj lf vihfkb fvbylbcf
lf vyfsj,t,b fhfdbsfhb cf[bs fh
ofhvjflutyty xdtyb vjmvtlt,t,bc
obyfcofh ufyvcfpqdhtkt,c8 cbyfvldbktib xdty7 itvjmvtlbc vbth itmvybkyb dfhs sfdbceakt,fl7 eafkyb
dfhs xdtyb cfmvtt,bcf48
CFGFNHBFHMJC GHTCWTYNHB8
,JHJNCF C’KBF888
vehvfybc ito.fkt,f
VBDBLF vehvfyb7 yf[f tsthbcf lf f,tcfkjvbc cfakfdb7 ufs[fhf cfakfdb lf bcbw iefib xfodf8 bvbc cfakfdpt vofht trfkb fvjdblf7 f,tcfkjvbcf lf tsthbcfpt rb 2 dfhlb lf bf8
[FK[EHB 3TSTHBFYB48
sbsmjc uflbmwf wf wbcath whtvkfl7
fo.lt,f mfhb lfhlbc lfhf,t,c7
ye ufbjwt,s xtvc ,tlbcothfc7
hflufyfw .jdtkc qvthsb ufyfut,c8
ufewdlf rfksf vbvoe[hbc yf,flc7
xfdkbkb fhbc .dtkf lfvhtwb7
vt thsflthsb cekb vt,flf7 2
cf,tlbcothjl bcbw ufdtwb8
lf [tks itvjvhxf erdt fhf-hf7
j7 .fdkufcekj xtvj bthj7
w[jdht,fv erdt &kbth lfvqfkf
lf hf vbdbqt cfvfubthjl8
* * *
rfhpt vjvlufhb meib fdlfhb7
lfvrhfdc bthb ifhifyltk sjdkbc7
dth ufvbubf7 pqdfhb cfl fhbc
cb.dfhekcf lf cb&ekdbkc ijhbc8
fmfw vbvn.eyf xtvvf uevfyvf7
ytnfd eafkb vfbyw dbc o.fkj,c0=
j7 bmyt, vj[ltc7 qvthsj7 vehvfyvf
hjv cb.dfhekb ityufy bcofdkjc0=
/j7 tc lfvhtwb7
/j7 tc lfvhtwb7 2
xtvb w[jdht,bc fhbc abybib7
hfqfc vbbqt,7 se fh uftwb7
vjcdkf hf b.j7 ofcdkfc dby ubikbc0=
* * *
lflevt,ekf xtvb mfvfyxf7
ctdlbs ufdwmthb vqdhbt fvbylt,c7
vt thsflthsb7 hfbw ufvfxylf7
uekb b.j lf bcbw ufd.blt8
cb.dfhekbcsdbc ufd.blt bcbw7
tsth-mfkbcsdbc bcbw ufd.blt7
hf ctdlbfyb ufkj,f bcvbc7
qvthsj vfqfkj7 uekib hf ubltdc0=
vjujyt,t,bs v[jkjl bv lfhbs
vfbyw .dfdbkj,c xtvb btkb
lf cbqfhb,bs vt dfh vlblfhb
lf e,tlj,bs dfh ,tlybthb8
vfbyw ptbvj,c xtvb fdlfhb7
lfvrhfdc bthb ifhifyltk sjdkbc7
vfbyw dth vbd[dlb7 pqdfhb cfl fhbc
,tlybthcf lf e,tlehc ijhbc8
* * *
j7 tsth-mfkb 2 abhepbc sdfkb7
hf ltlfv ij,f ytnfd ytnfhvf0=
j7 uekb vbcb 2 cfvjs[bc rfhb
dth ufd[cty vbcbd wmthbs itvsdhfkvf8
lf lfvteakf ctdlf lf lfhlb7
dthw ,jkj dgjdt lf dthw cfsfdt7
j7 cb.dfhekbc qdsbehb vflkb
lf vflkb bub xtvfl xfdsdfkt8
vt cfyflbhjl rb fh ofdtlb7
sdbs erdlfdt,bc o.fkb dt&bt7
fctsb b.j xtvb upf-,tlb7 2
tsth-mfkbcsdbc drhtalb .tkv&bdt,c8
* * *
sdfkt,b7 hjujhw dfhcrdkfds rdtct,f7
ftc[f lf &bhc xfvjtnfyf7
vsdfhbc yfstkb vrthlpt tcdtyf
lf wbcfhn.tkf idtyjlf nfyfl8
lf cekb xtvb uflbmwf ,bylfl
lf lftvcufdcf uekb yfhb.fkc7
cekb hfl ubylf8
uekb hfl ubylf7
serb fh uofvc lf serb fh ub.dfhc0=
lf uekb xtvb
lf cekb xtvb
lfhlbs fbdcj7
ctdlbs fbdcj7
lf cekb xtvb
lf uekb xtvb
tivfrc vbd.blt cfvfhflbcjl8
* * *
j7 fctsbf tc cb.dfhekb7 2
ufmwtdc dfhlfl lf trkflfw ufmwtdc7
sfyf cltdc ctdlf lf cbyfyekb7
fqvjwtyt,ekc /ufdc whtvkbc
vfhwdkt,c8
/ufdc zhbkj,blfy sdbs cbc[kbc ltyfc7
[fy ,ho.bydfkt,f fvidtyt,c vfh]ybc7
[fy cbpvfhcf /ufdc whecf lf athflc
lf7 dbcfw e.dfhc7 vfc yeqfh ufydc]bs8
sbsmjc uflbmwf wf cbc[kbc whtvkfl7
fo.lt,f mfhb lfhlbc lfhf,t,c7
ye ufbjwt,s fv ,tlbcothfc7
hflufyfw sfdfl qvthsb ufyfut,c8
* * *
888 lf fhwf uekb lf fhwf cekb
vt fh itvjvhxf7 fhf lf fhf7
cekb ufdtwb7 dbs cfufy&ehb
lf uekcfw7 hjujhw zhbkj,fc dvfkfd8
cekb vbd.blt vt tivfrc7 utcvbs7
lf hfnjv vrbw[fds fvbcsdbc fvltyc7
hflufy sdbs cekpt e&dbhafctcb
cb.dfhekbf7 bwjlts7 uofvlts=888
cb.dfhekbf cekbc cfvjcb7
bc vj.dfdbkt stshb yeibf7
fphb fhcj,bc cffmfjcb7
se cfbmbjc 2 cb.dfhekibf8
cb.dfhekbcsdbc vlbyfht fqvf
ofdf lf vfbyw fb[ltyc cehdbkc7
serb fh uofvc lf fh ub.dfhc7 fqfh7 2
hbc vfmybcbf uekb lf cekb0=8
j7 cb.dfhekj7 ity thsflthsj7
ueksf lfueksf ityf [fh atsmdf
lf7 hjwf ub.dfhc7 vfqfkj qvthsj7
xdty ufye.htkfl7 vfhfl dfhs itysfy8
sbsmjc uflbmwf wf wbcath whtvkfl7
mfhb fo.lt,f lfhlbc lfhf,t,c7
ye ufbjwt,s sdbs ,tlbcothfc7
hflufyfw .jdtkc qvthsb ufyfut,c8
* * *
tc ity udfcofdkb7 eafkj xtvj7
vjbnfwtj cfityj ptwf7
c[df v[hbd cfeakj dth lfbxtvj7
bct7 dbs jmhjc7 bct7 dbs dthw[kcf8
lf uekb xtvb ;fvvf vjatkf7
[fy fqvf dkbt7
[fy 2 rbltd lfqvf
lf bct v&fhwdf oesbcjatkvfy7
dbs dbubylfhf dbyvt .fxfqvf8
ity rb lfvwmthlb7 qvthsj7 ptvjlfy
lf vt db,h’jlb vn.efy7 vfhsfksfy7
fhw rb vtujyf7 hjv bo.t,jlf
w[jdht,f7
hjwf bmdt lfvsfdhlf8
hjwf cbrdlbkbc lfvbluf hbub7
sfdfl ufydcfpqdht vt xtvb ,tlb7
hjv7 hfw cbwjw[kbs lfdrfhut bub7
cfakfdib vfbyw v.jkjlf udthlbs8
fct dfnfht xtvb dfhfvb
lf xtvb ctdlf fct lfdvfkt
lf ,jkjc xtvbd [tkbs fkfkbs
sfdfl ufds[fht xtvbd cfvfht8
j7 fctsbf [dtlhb thsueksf7
j7 fctsbf e,tlj ,tlb7
wjw[fkvf thsb cbn.df dth des[fh7
vfuhfv vrdlfhc vfbyw vbdeotm udthlbs8
lf cfakfdibfw vbdnbhb7 dujlt,
bv lqtc7 bv oest,c7 bv ofvc7 bv pfht,c
lf ity7 cfakfdib xfdotmb jltc7
v[jkjl trfkb ufvjvbupfdyt8
v[jkjl trfkb ufvjvbupfdyt
lf fh ufv[flt dfhlt,bc qbhcb7
ytnfd rtsbkb cfl fhc kfpfht0=8
ths[tkfw bmyt, ofvjdlut vbct,h8
lf cfakfdibfw hfbw dth dgjdt7
bmyt, vj[ltc lf dbgjdyj fob7
trfkb ,fhlybc cfakfdbc .jhtc7
trfkb vfsjdc7
trfkb vfodbvc888
* * *
vfqfk qvthsc tcvf tc qfqflbcb7
b.j vehvfybc hf ctdlf7 hf [vf=888
cfcfakfjt,c tvjcfs ybckb7
cfl jhb dfhlb exevhfl f[vf8
lf v[jkjl bmdt xfylf trfkb7
hjvtkbw vehvfyc qvthsvf fhueyf7
ujlt,f7 hjujhw pfhb htrfdlf7
ytnfd ufe&kjc mdt.yfl hf uekvf0=8
xfylf qhe,kt,ib qvthsb vpbc athbs
+b.j ufkj,f cfvsf fceksf‘
vfcfw f[cjdlf mfkb-tsthb888
888 lf7 hfw babmhf7 ofvcdt fqcheklf8
lfathakbkbf uekb ehbw[db7
hfbw gjtnvfw dth it&kj7 dth smdf888
888 lf vehvfyc lblb cb.dfhekbcsdbc
wjlj iteylj vfqfkvf qvthsvf8
ufmhf trfkb lf vfs cfakfdpt
ofvc cfvb dfhlb fvjvpbfylf7
fct vsfdhlt,f tct fv,fdb
lf cfvbd cfakfdc cfvb vpt flufc8
sbsmjclf ofvbs vbo.yfhlf mfhbw7
v[jkjl-qf qbf oe[lf fkfut888
ye ufbjwt,s7 vj[lf fm hfbw7
hflufyfw .jdtkc qvthsb ufyfut,c8
}FYJ }FYTKB&T8
S,BKBCB7 !(8!@8_$ O8
1 !7 IF,FSB7 ! BFYDFHB7 @__% OTKB8
VSF
3uvbhb vbsf dfh7
seib dfh88 4
SEITSB fqvjcfdkts cfmfhsdtkjc vsbfy htubjyib7 rf[tsbc
,fhbcfufy (_-)_ rbkjvtnhbc lfijht,bs vlt,fhtj,c8 fb7 hfc
vjudbs[hj,c vfcpt bdfyt ]fdf[bidbkb5 3seitsb seib njvbc
sfdlfgbhdtkb flubkcfv.jatkb fh fhbc8 fv njvvf bctsbdt vbuhfwbf
ufybwflf7 hjujhw lfyfhxtyvf mfhsdtkvf njvt,vf48
seitsib ufdhwtkt,ekb pjubthsb vtc[ehb ofhvjij,bc njgjybvbc vb[tldbs7 seit,bc ofhvjvfdkj,f e’dtktc mfhsek njvc
2 3veimc4 erfdibhlt,f8
3xdty cfdct,bs itcf’kt,kfl vbudfxybf dbdfhfeljs7 2 itybiyfdc
ghjatcjhb s8 gfgefidbkb7 2 hjv veim-vtc[t,bc ths-thsvf nfkqfv7
hjvtkbw cfmfhsdtkjc lbl nthbnjhbfc vjbwfdlf7 rbltd eahj
xhlbkjtsbs ufbobf lf ths-thsb sfdbcb cfvjcf[kj rf[tsbc
vsbfytsibw itmvyf8 vfuhfv tc vtc[ehb vjcf[ktj,f seitsbc sfdlfgbhdtk vrdblht,fl fh eylf xfbsdfkjc7 hflufy vfsb vbuhfwbbc ghjwtcb mfhskbc vsbfytsbc lfcf[kt,blfy lblb [ybs
udbfy vjv[lfhb dbsfht,ff8 fqcfybiyfdbf7 hjv ]th rbltd tytjkbsbc tgjmfib cfmfhsdtkjc vsbfytsb vzblhjl .jabkf lfcf[kt,ekb8 vj[lf seit,sfy vtc[t,bc itho.vf48
LQTC tc res[t $@-vlt cjatkc vjbwfdc7 hjvtksf evhfdktcj,fw
v[jkjl pfa[ekibf [fk[vhfdfkb
lf ufvjwjw[kt,ekb8
c[df vsbtkt,bc vcufdcfl7 seit,bw vtcfmjyktj,fc vbcltdlyty lf
&bhbsflfl vtw[dfhtj,bs b.dyty
ufysmvekb8
fvbc ufhlf7 vjcf[ktj,f fhw
cofdkf-ufyfskt,fc bdbo.t,lf8 seitsbc c[dflfc[df cjatkib cek
idblb crjkf fhct,j,lf8 lqtdfylkfvlt rb v[jkjl thsb itvjhxf
2 crjkf-bynthyfnb7 hjvtkbw cjatk jvfkjib vlt,fhtj,c8
tc crjkf-bynthyfnb !)@( otkc
ufb[cyf8
!)%$ okblfy veifj,c fm efqhtcfl ufyfskt,ekb lf gfnbdcfwtvb gbhjdyt,f bkj mfdsfhbidbkb
+!)^) okblfy 2 lbhtmnjhfl‘8 bv
gthbjlib !@$ vjcofdkt lf !! vfcofdkt,tkb /.fdlfs7 ^( vjcofdkt
bynthyfnib w[jdhj,lf8
dby hjujh abmhj,c7 fh dbwb7
vfuhfv cf,zjsf gthbjlib seitsb .dfjlf8
cbwjw[kbc fphbcf lf vjcf[ktj,bc cbvhfdkbc ths-thsb vbptpb
lf vsfhb o.fhj 2 jhcfhsekbfyb7 vrdblhfl ufhtvjynt,ekb7 bydtynfhbs epheydtk.jabkb7 obuyt,bsf lf hdtekt,bs vjvfhfut,ekb7 cfrdt,bsf lf nfycfwvkbs7
pfvshbcfsdbc cfzbhj .dtkf gbhj,t,bs lfrvf.jabkt,ekb jvfkjc crjkf-bynthyfnb uf[klfs8
vjvsf,fht vtcfmjykt seib pfvsfh-pfa[ekc vsfib w[jdhj,lf7
cfmjytkc edkblf7 vbofc fveifdt,lf8
jvfkjcfufy cjakt,b c[dflfc[df vfy&bkbsff lfijht,ekb8 upf
[td-[edt,ib xflbc8 jvfkj jhb vlbyfhbc 2 gbhbmbsbcf lf ujvtofhbc
fkfpyt,c ief vlt,fht dfrj,ptf ufityt,ekb7 sevwf bhudkbd cek
sjdkbs lfafhekb vst,b fhn.bf8
cjakbc vjcf[ktj,fc fhw lblsjdkj,f lf .bydf fh fibyt,lf8 vfuhfv pdfdcfibihjt,f fhct,j,lf7
&bhbsflfl7 upt,pt8 vbcb vc[dthgkb fy vtw[dfht uf[lt,jlf7 hjvtkcfw cfpfa[ekj cf&jdfhpt ofcdkf vjeudbfylf lf lfqtcnytkb
lblj-ktrt,b8 lbljtsb seitsc fqvjcfdktsbs tcfpqdht,f8 bcbyb
jvfkjib cfdfzhjl uflvjlbjlyty5 nfycfwvtkb vj/mjylfs7 hjvtksfw qdbyjcf lf fhf.pt wdkblyty8 fhfthsb vfsufyb ofeqbf ew,fl
vjo.dtnbk pdfdc8
pfvsfhib c[dflfc[df cjakbc ,fdidt,b crjkf-bynthyfnib w[jdhj,lyty8 .dtkfahbs epheydtk.jabkb
b.dyty5 rdt,bs7 nfycfwvkbs7 qfvbc ufcfstdbs7 obuybs8 vij,kt,sfy
if,fs-rdbhfc cfresfhb cehdbkbs
vblbjlyty8 crjkbc o.fkj,bs b.j7
hjv seitsbc cjakt,bc evtntcj,f
vbnjdt,ekb fh hxt,jlf lf [esb-tmdcb cfrdfvehblfy vfbyw ,jkb fvjlbjlf 2 t8 b8 fhct,j,lf7
cekluvekj,lf8
jvfkjib fhct,j,lf cf,fdidj ,fqbw7 vfqfpbfw7 cflfw .dtkf cfzbhj
ybdsb lf ghjlemnb b.blt,jlf8 cjatkc /.fdlf tmbvb lf tmsfyb8
vsfdhj,f seitsc lbl .ehflqt,fc fmwtdlf8 rdbhf bct fh ufbdkblf7 sdbsvahbyfdb fh xfvjahtybkb.j8 veifj,lf fthjlhjvb7 hfwbf lf c[dfsf ijhbc ntktdbpbf
lf hflbj8 ntktdbpbbc ityj,f f[kfw eaeymwbjl lufc8
lfotct,ekt,bc [tkv&qdfytkt,b
lf sfyfvihjvkt,b bm j]f[t,bs
w[jdhj,lyty8 lqbc gbhdtk yf[tdfhib 2 cf[tkvobaj7 cfqfvjc rb
cfj]f[j cfmvtt,c vbcltdlyty8
fb7 fctsb dbsfht,f b.j seitsib
lff[kjt,bs sdhfvtnb-jwb okbc
obyfs8 xtvb vij,kt,b 2 [fndf-[fpdbc7 abpbrbcf lf hecekbc vfcofdkt,tkb ve[nfh [fxbehb&t lf uthvfyekbc vfcofdkt,tkb sbyf x[thfekb lf7 vfssfy thsfl7 hfvltybvt f[fkufphlf gtlfujub +wbfkf lf yeupfh jljb&tt,b7 styubp
lf [fseyf sjhqdfb&tt,b7 rfhkj
wf&brb&t7 ybyj ,fpbrfbidbkb7 hecelfy lf f,thb oelfmfb&tt,b lf
c[d8‘ cjatk jvfkjib7 bynthyfnib
cfveifjl rf[tsblfy ffcf[ktc8 vt
bv lhjc js[bc7 [jkj xtvb &vf
idblb okbcf db.fdbs8 vsfdhj,fv
fv j]f[t,c cfufyut,jl vfssdbc
cbgb mdbs fityt,ekb7 jhcfhsekbfyb ,byt,b ufvje.j8
vfkt bct vj[lf7 hjv crjkfc vtjht cfhsekb vjtyuhf lf thsb
lfhxf8 bynthyfnbw v[jkjl jhb
otkboflb fhct,j,lf8 vjcofdktt,bw sfylfsfy vwbhlt,jlyty8 !))_bfy okt,ib crjkfib ( rkfcb lf
v[jkjl !$ vjcofdkt lfhxf8 fm
fhfthsb sfj,f ufphlbkf7 lfah-
sbfyt,ekf lf ufahtybkf c[dflfc[df v[fhtc 2 pjub ,fhib7 pjubw
mfkfmib cofdkbc ufcfuh&tkt,kfl
se cfveifjl7 ,tdhbw7 vij,kt,bc
vcufdcfl7 vtcfmjyktj,fc uf/.jkbf8
xdty rb cek !@-yb db.fdbs8 rkfcibw vfhnj db]tmb8 v[jkjl vtjht rkfcib v.fdlf vth[bc vjpbfht ,bzb7 hjvtkbw vfkt bctd rf[tsc lfe,heylf8
jvfkjib xtvb ,fdidj,bc e,tlybthtcb hdf otkboflb ufdfnfht8
pfvsfhib cek bpjkfwbfib db.fdbs7 se v[tldtkj,fib fh vbdbqt,s7 vsfdhj,bc otdhsf cfgfnbj
cnevhj,fc sdbsvahbyfdbs7 fy 3obstkb ]dhbc4 htbcc fy rbltd xdtyc
f[vtnf-jvfkjc htbcc8 ltlf b[ctyt,c5 [fylf[fy xdtyc fthjlhjvpt ths,fifl js[b sdbsvahbyfdb b]lfj8
ghtpbltynt,bc 2 itdfhlyf&bcf
lf f[kf erdt cffrfidbkbc gbkjnt,b7 seib &vt,b mjhsjib&tt,bw
bv gthbjlblfy vjlbfy +jvfhb
fa[fptsbc jvib lfbrfhuf eupjerdkjl7 ifvbkb lqtcfw veifj,c‘8
gfnfhf ,bzt,bc cfjwyt,j ghjatcbfw7 vfsb vb,f&dbs7 vahbyfdj,f
b.j8
,jkj pfvsfhb jvfkjib !))#
otkc ufdfnfhts8 ufpfa[ekpt ufvjdhtrts cfmjytkb lf ,fhib xfvjdcf[klbs8
mdt.fyfib vbvlbyfht gjkbnbrehb
vjdktyt,bc ufvj crjkf lfb[ehf8
w[jdht,f ufzbhlf7 vbs evtntc vfqfkvsbfy hfbjyib7 sevwf7 vfyfvltw fhfthsb &bh&dtkb jvfkjtkb vjcf[kt vjbs[jdlf7 hjv xtvc
vij,kt,cf lf c[df xfvjcek 3fhfjvfkjtkt,c4 3vfsb4 nthbnjhbt,b lftnjdt,byfs8 bc vwbht vbofw
rb tyfyt,jlfs7 hjvtkcfw dfveifdt,lbs888
jhbjlt okbc obyfs jvfkjib
db.fdb8 cf[yfdb vbot,bc evhfdktcj,f uf.fvbht,ekb lf cfsb,t,fl
mwtekb lfv[dlf8
5
tc xdtyb fht-vfhtf
crjkbc ufemvt,fv cjakt,bc lfwfhbtkt,f ufvjbodbf8 idbkbc gfnhjyb ,fhib xfcf[klf8 lfb[ehf ,fqbw7 vfqfpbfw8 ufult,eksf ijhbc
tmbvbw fqvjxylf8 lfhxyty7 &bhbsflfl vj[ewt,b7 vtcfmjykt j]f[t,b7 lfhxf jvfkjib fhct,ekb
cfv[tlhj ,fpbc [tkv&qdfytkb8 vfcofdkt,tk-vjcofdktc bm fqfhfathb udtcfmvt,jlf5 cffhct,j gbhj,t,b fqfh udmjylf8
pfvsfhib uferfwhbtkt,ekb cjakt,bc cf[kt,b fhfths[tk ufnt[tc
lf ufmehltc7 vfuhfv fhfdby bwbc7
tc dby xfblbyf8
v[jkjl pfa[ekib se f[vfehlt,f rdkfdbylt,ehfl seitsb= vfuhfv bc fqfh fhbc7 xtvc ,fdidj,fib hjv b.j8 jvfkj fqfh fhbc
rj[nf7 ,tdhbcsdbc vbeodljvtkb
lf cfyfnhtkb7 hjvtkbw sfdbcsdbc7 cfresfhb w[jdht,bs w[jdhj,lf8 lfb[ehf crjkf7 itdblf tesj8
vfhsfkbf7 tc jhufybpfwbf cfcfhut,kj cfmvbfyj,fc totdf7 vfuhfv
f[fkvf w[jdht,fv nhflbwbt,b ofktrf8 &dtkb7 seiehb flfs-otct,bc yf[df lf ufut,f7 vbcb cbkfvfpbcf lf ,eyt,hbj,bc itwyj,f7
v[jkjl ijhtek7 vbnjdt,ek cjakt,ib itb&kt,f7 cflfw sbsj-jhjkf rfwbf8 ufbdkbc rbltd fsb otkboflb lf seibc v[jkjl cf[tkbqf lfhxt,f8
3fvfc dyfnhj,7 ytnfd
thsb pfvsfhb rbltd ufvfnfht,byf jvfkjib7 thsb ufrdtsbkb rbltd xfvfnfht,byf bm7 vtnb fhfathb vbylf47 2 fct jwyt,j,c ltlfxtvb8 vbcb
cehdbkb jvfkjib crjkbc [tkf[kf uf[cyff8
.jdtkbdt kfvfpb lf
cfcehdtkb [tkvberfht,tkb lf vbeodljvtkbf8
hfnjv fhbc vcjakbj
cfbynthtcj0 bvbnjv7 hjv
c[dflfc[df [fk[bsff lfcf[kt,ekb7 hjvtksfw
cfresfhb otct,b7 sfdbcsfdflj,f fmds8 hfnjv
fhbc cfmfhsdtkj vlblfhb lf kfvfpb0 bvbnjv7
hjv ufvjhxtekb ,eyt,f
fmdc7 bvbnjv7 hjv xdtysfy sbsjtekb res[t cbkfvfpbsf lf [b,kbs ufvjbhxtdf8
cfmfhsdtkjc yt,bcvbth res[tib
ew[j rfwb yf,b]c bct dth uflflufvc7 hfbvt f[fkb fh fqvjfxbyjc8
vfuhfv ths-thsb ekfvfptcb v[fht 2 seitsb ytk-ytkf brfhut,f8
.dtkfcsdbc ufcfut,b bmyt,f gjgekfhekb ktmcbc gbhdtkb cnhbmjyb5 3hf kfvfpbf seitsb4888 [jkj vtjht cnhbmjyb5 3lf kfifhj,f
seiehb4 2 ,tdhbcsdbc ufeut,fhb=
seiehb vjluvbc uflfcfhxtyfl7
vjrbfat bvtlbc dfhcrdkfdfl7 jvfkjc crjkbc yf[tdhfl lfyuhtek ityj,fib jhb flfvbfyb bv.jat,f 2 .dtkfcufy lfdbo.t,ekb7 lfeafct,tkb7 uekufnt[bkb7
efyufhj7 vfuhfv elbltcb ]bkljc qbhcb 2 vfcofdkt,tkb7 hjvtkbw fhfathc bs[jdlf7 v[jkjl
thsuekfl tvcf[eht,jlf cfmvtc7
sfj,t,b ufpfhlf7 vsbc res[t rb
fh vjifkf8 f[kfw thsb vjcofdkbc fyf,fhfl lfhxtybkb bkj
mfdsfhbidbkb rdkfd dth svj,c
bv flubkc7 cflfw gbhdtkfl @%
okbc ,bzb7 eybdthcbntnlfvsfdht,ekb fdblf888
yfsmdfvbf 2 rfwb bvtlbs wjw[kj,cj=
3crjkf lf vt thsfl dfchekt,s
fv w[jdht,fc47 2 fv,j,c bkj mfdsfhbidbkb7 vt rb [fk[ehb ktmcbs lfdfchekt, fv othbkc5
3uvbhb vbsf dfh7 seib dfh 2
wb[t dfh xfhlf[bfyb7
se lfdbyuhtdb7 ubrdbhltcs7
smdtyfd ubrdbhltcs pbfyb48
VFHT[ [FXBEHB&T8
CEHFSPT5 jvfkjc crjkf-bynthyfnbc gtlfujut,b +vfhw[yblfy‘5 ve[nfh [fxbehb&t7 bkj mfdsfhbidbkb +lbhtmnjhb‘7 vfhbfv mfdsfhbidbkb7 wbfkf ,f[nehb&t7 styubp
sjhqdfb&t7 rfhkj wf&brb&t lf
crjkbc vjcofdktsf vstkb rjynbyutynb 2 !)(( okbc ctmntv,thb8
VTRDKT
ITCF&KT<TKBF7 F{FKB OKBC LQTT<IB
<TLBC <JH<KBC ITNHBFKT<F0
3itvjdlub at[b7
uo.fkj,lts qvthsb4888
FV cbn.dt,bc ofhvjsmvbs itlbc
f[fk otkc 3vtrdkt4 j]f[ib7 sevwf
itcfchekt,tkb hbnefkb cfmfhsdtkjc .dtkf res[tib c[dflfc[dfyfbhfl nfhlt,f8
3vtrdkt4 rfhub at[bc flfvbfybf7
hjvkbc 3at[bc lf,tlt,fw4 j]f[c
vstkb okbc ufyvfdkj,fib vb?.dt,f8
flht cfresfh cf[kib vtrdkt
j]f[bc eahjcb b.j7 itvltu ufxylf ufhtlfy vjcekb vtrdkt8 f[kf eahjct,b 3gfnfhf vtrdktt,vf4 itwdfktc7 hjvkt,cfw [ibhfl
bv sdfkcfphbcbs bhxtdty7 hjv ,fdidb ueke,h.dbkj7 etivfrj lf e,jhjnjf7 vfc fyutkjpsfy fbubdt,ty7
hjvtkbw j]f[c fewbkt,kfl cbrtstc vjenfyc8
f[fkb okbc vtrdktc yf.jabtht,f-,fhfmbfyj,bc7 vfqfkvjcfdkbfyj,bc7 ,tlybtht,f-cbrtsbc epheydtk.jabc vbpybs7 cthbjpekb hbnefkbc itchekt,f e[lt,jlf7 hfw
ufhrdtek ybzsfy b.j lfrfdibht,ekb8 botht,jlf efvhfdb cfhbnefkj ntmcnt,b7 hjujhw vtrdkbc7
fctdt vfcgby&kbc ofhvjcfsmvtkb5
3dbyw fh eylf b.j vfyl
qfhb,b se vlblfhb7
vnthb se vj.dfht7
cb[fhekbs ubqt, rfhc7
ityb at[b lfvt,tljc=4
fct gfce[j,lyty j]f[bc otdht,b
rfhc vjvlufh vtrdktc8
mhbcntc ij,blfy yfskbcqt,fvlt
wfvtn ovbylf qfvtib7 cojhtl f[fkb okbc gbhdtkb lf vtjht lqt
bsdkt,f lhjl7 hjltcfw itcf&kt,tkbf ,tlbc ,jh,kbc itnhbfkt,f8
f[fkb okbc lqtj,fsf wbrkib
vjmwtekbf 3,tlj,f47 hjvtkbw uekbc[vj,c 3,tlbc uf[cyfc4 lf htfkbpfwbfc ufhrdtek lhjcf lf cbdhwtib8 tc lhj rb mfhsek nhflbwbfib7 pfvshbc lqtj,fsf cthbfib t8 o8 3,tlybth lqtt,c4 fthsbfyt,c7 hjvkt,bw pfvshbc vpt,elj,fcsfyff rfdibhib7 fv lqtj,t,ib
thsbfylt,f hovtyf-ofhvjlutyt,b
,tl-bq,fkpt lf bqt,c cfij,fj lf
cff[fkokj v.fhb nhflbwbt,bc
ajhvfc8
fv lqtt,ib ufcfs[jdfhb ujujyt,b vrbs[fj,ty cfresfh vjvfdfk
,tlpt +vteqktpt`7 hjvtkbw vfssdbc ,tlbsff ufyresdybkb8 fhct,j,c c[dflfc[dfudfhb lfybiyekt,bc
,tlbc rdtht,bc +hbnefkehb geht,bc` ufvjw[j,bc ghfmnbrf lf c[df
vfubehb mvtlt,fyb8
xbxbkfrb 2
,fhfmbfyj,bc cbv,jkj
LFCFDKTS cfmfhsdtkjib f[fkb
okbc lbkfc j]f[bc ibyfehb vtrdkt xbxbkfrbs [tkib lf cff[fkokj [jyxbs7 hjvtkibw fewbkt,kfl itlbjlf vj[fhiekb qjhbc
sfdb7 qjvb7 evb rdthw[b7 thsb ljmb
qdbyj lf c[df7 itvjbdkblf tpjc7
cfvtehytj yfut,j,t,c7 dtyf[c7 vfhfyc lf eaths[fdlf 3,tlybthb at[bs4 f[fk otkc7 fpbfht,lf .jdtkbdt ptvjs xfvjsdkbkc xbxbkfrsfy7 hjujhw yf.jabtht,bcf lf ,fhfmbfyj,bc cbv,jkjcsfy8
fvbc itvltu ibyfehb vtrdkt ,hey-
hbnefkb vfhfyib
FQVJCFDKTS cfmfhsdtkjib vtrdktj,f lqtc js[ .dtkbfy rdthc
fw[j,lyty7 lfrkfdlyty ujzc lf vfvfkc8 .dtkfath fvfc [jyxfpt lffkfut,lyty lf vbfrhfdlyty fyst,ek cfyskt,c8
UJUB LF YBREIF LJKB&TT,B8
lt,jlf j]f[ib lf f[fk otkc vbekjwfdlf j]f[bc .jdtk otdhc8
fv lqtc cfmfhsdtkjc sbsmvbc
.dtkf res[tib bodtdlyty ufhtit
vtrdktcfw7 hjvtkcfw eylf lftkjwf j]f[b f[fk otkc lf rfhub ,tlb
lft,tlt,byf8
3at[bc lfgoybc4
odtekt,f
HFZFCF lf ktx[evib vtrdktc vjcdkbcsfyfdt vbfut,t,lyty 3udthutc4
+yf.jabtht,bc cbv,jkjt,bs vjhsek udbhudbyc` lf ljmbs qdbyjc8
vtrdktc7 sfdbc v[hbd7 vj/mjylf
3ufyfnt[b4 2 hbnefkehb gehb7 .dtkbfyb fy mjybfyb7 hjvtkcfw pt-
VJDBLF888
j]f[bc eahjcb vfvfrfwb sfdbcb
eahjcb df;bc sfy[kt,bs [jyxfc
vfhfyib mdtdhsfy vbbnfylf8 jhbdtyb bmdt lfbxjmt,lyty8 j]f[bc eahjcb [jyxfc vfh]dybd cfv]th vjf,heyt,lf lf lfbkjwt,jlf7 hjv
qvthsc vbcsdbc vbtwf cb]fycfqt
lf lftafhf .jdtkudfhb ctybcf lf
welb itvs[dtdbcufy8 itvltu mdtdhc
sfdc f[lblf lf ibu cfptlfitl qdbyjc xffc[fvlf7 cfystkcf lf cfrvtdtkc sfdpt itvjbdkt,lyty lf
yfrdthx[fkpt lfodfdlyty8 ths
rdthc7 vfvkbc sfdcf l ujzbc uekqdb&kc bmdt itzfvlyty lf itvltu
[jyxbfyfl ,heylt,jlyty cf[kib7
ceahfc ufikblyty lf j]f[bc eahjcc lfkjwfdlyty8
ujub ljkb&t 2
at[,tlybthb vtrdkt
LQTC .dtkfathb erdt vfhnbdfl
[lt,f8 f[kf 3vtrdkt4 nr,bktekbs [tklfvidtyt,ekb vbtf[kt,f
j]f[c lf ,fhfmfc7 ]fyvhstkj,fc7 cbe[dtc lf ,tlybtht,fc ecehdt,c8 tc cfgfnbj 3ojlt,f-vjdfktj,f4 [ibhfl eahjcb sfj,blfy vfs idbkt,c lf idbkbidbkt,c uflftwtvfs8
s,bkbcib 3,tlybthb at[bc4 vmjyt
vtrdktl fhbc fqbfht,ekb .dtkfcsdbc rfhufl wyj,bkb gbhjdyt,f7
,fnjyb ujub ljkb&t7 hjvtkcfw
fv cfgfnbj vbcbbc itchekt,f ,fdidj,blfy lqtvlt eotdc5
2 .jdtk f[fk otkc7 lbkbc idbl
cffspt xtvb vij,kt,b nr,bktekj,bs ufvbdct,lyty ]b,tt,c7 ufvb.dfylyty ufhts lf itvltu wtrdfsfvfibs7 cbvqthbs7 rfyatnt,bc
vj,ytdbs itdlbjlb cf[kib7 2 b[ctyt,c ,fnjyb ujub7 2 fct d[lt,jlb cfresfhb j]f[bc 3vtrdkt47
hbc itvltufw itvjdbh,tylb vtpj,kt,bc lf f[kj,tksf j]f[t,c vfyfv7 cfyfv c[df vjvfcoht,lf7 hflufy bcbyb fvbcsdbc obyfcofh hbuc
brfdt,lyty8
sevwf7 f[kf fv cfmvtib xtvvf idbkbidbkvf7 vt[estrkfctkvf ybreif
ljkb&tv itvwdfkf7 bub vjwtrdfdtf7 hfw j]f[t,ib lflt,bsb ve[nbc itnfyfib t[vfht,f7 erdt hfvltybvt otkbf j]f[bc vtrdktj,fw
rb xfvjvfhsdf888
vbylf itvs[dtdbs dbcfhut,kj
lf vstk cfmfhsdtkjc vbdekjwj
ij,f-f[fkb otkb7 at[,tlybthb7 ,fhfmbfyb lf vidblj,bfyb .jabkb.jc yt,bcvbthb vtrdkbc at[b sbsjtekb j]f[bcfsdbc=
vjfvpflf
KTKF VFYFDKBIDBKVF8
UDOTHTY
vfrex[ehb
F[FKB otkb lblb vybidytkj,bc
lqtcfcofekbf8 vtwybtht,c otkboflbc gbhdtkb lqbc vfubehj,bc
hovtyf f[fkb okbc .dtkfpt lfvf[fcbfst,tk ybiyfl vbfxybfs8 hjujhw f[fk otkc uffnfht,7 bct
bw[jdht, vstkb okbc ufyvfdkj,fibj 2 fv,j,c [fk[b8 f[fkb otkb ]fljcyehb lqtf8
fv lqtc lhjw ]fljcyehbf lf
cbdhwtw8 e[bkfdb cfv.fhjc lf[iekb rfht,bw rb b[cyt,f lf yfskbcqt,fvlt cfvptjib sfdbceakfl
uflfflubklt,bfy obyfgfhsf cekt,b se eovbylehb fhct,t,b7 lut,f
e[bkfdb se [bkekb cf[bj,j,bc
lhj7 lhj mfjcehb7 cflfw eptyftcb
qvthsbc [tkbf cfzbhj7 hfsf rjcvjcb lf ltlfvbof vjotchbulyty
2 drbs[ekj,s f,frtkbfc7 fkfdthlfidbkbcf lf qfv,fib&bc 3mfhsek
lqtj,fsf rfktylfhib48
cfmfhsdtkjc sbsmvbc .dtkf
res[tib cff[fkokj hbnefkt,bc
lf nhflbwbt,bc itchekt,f cff[fkokj cfvpflbcbs cheklt,jlf7 sevwf .dtkf res[tc lqtcfw sfdbcb
nhflbwbf fmdc7 vfuhfv &dtkb nhflbwbt,b sbsmvbc ofhcekc xf,fhlf8
cfvtuhtkjib f[fk otkc 3f[fk
ofyf47 3rfkfylf4 tojlt,f8 fv lqtc
j]f[bc eahjcb mfkb fw[j,lf
vzflc7 hjvtkibw qjhbc mjyb b.j
ufhtekb8 cflbkbc itvltu lbfcf[kbcb fvpflt,lf 3rbhe-rfhec48 fct
/mdbf gehc7 hjvtkbw ufvjcf[fdlf .eh&ybc vntdfyc7 [fht,c7 ,tqtkc7
cfamdfdc7 qjhc7 rhe[c lf c[dfc7
cfqfvjc j]f[bc .dtkf otdhb lfndbhsekb geht,bs7 cbvbylbc vfhwdkt,bs7 ]j[t,bs itbfhfqt,ekyb
xflbjlyty cfhlfaib8 xfvorhbdlt,jlyty cfoyf[tkbc ufcodhbd7 ehn.fvlyty ]j[t,c lf vqthjlyty5
3]e]tkbf= ]e]tkbf= xmbvb vfvekb [fhutkbf7 I[dfib vfvekb aehwtkbf4 +]e]tkbf= ]e]tkbf= xtvb
dtyf[b lfndbhsekb7 c[dbc vfvekib aehwtkbf`8 fv lqtc cfvtuhtkjib rfrfkpt vrbs[fj,f bwjlyty8
vtrdkt b.j ibyfehbw lf ufhtitw7
hjvtkcfw 3vfrex[ehb4 tojlt,jlf8
fewbkt,tkb cff[fkokj vwtyfhtt,b
cehj lf s[bkb b.j8 xfrtnbk rfht,c vtrdktc eqt,lyty8 otcbc itchekt,bc itvltu7 hjujhw vstk cfmfhsdtkjib7 cfvtuhtkjibw vtrdktt,b cf[kib itcdkbcfc gbhdtkfl vbkjwdbc ntmcnc bn.jlyty8
vjlfy ofcvekb tmyt,jlf sfakb
fy ifmfhb lf thsb ,jskb qdbyj8
itflufvlf se fhf vtrdkt at[c
j]f[ib7 lfb&f[t,lf5 3fmf vidblj,f=
uo.fkj,lts qvthsb7 at[b xtvb rdfkb fyutkjpbcfj=47 3,tdhb f[fkb
otkb vjucoht,jlts vidblj,bsj4888
[jkj7 f[fkb okbc vtjht lqtc7
hjvtkcfw 3at[bc lfgoyfc4 t&f[lyty7 gbhdtkfl bodtdlyty f[kfl
it&tybk vj.dht,c7 yfskbt,c7 t8 o8
3at[bc lfgoybc4 odtekt,c8
3sbfytsb uyt,fds0 2 f[kfdt=4
LF FHF VFHNJ STSHF[TDBC [BLB
sfdbfys cbn.dt,cfw lfevfnt,lyty8
sfakbfy gehc itzfvlyty8 sfakb
[jv cff[fkokj ceahbc ufye.jatkb yfobkbf7 vjvfdfkb nr,bkb
w[jdht,bc cbv,jkj8
cfvtuhtkjib j]f[bc eahjcb
fo.j,lf xbxbkfrc8 vpfllt,jlf f[fkb okbc vbcfkjwb7 lf .dtkfathb tc uj,pt blt,jlf8 tc nhflbwbf cfvtuhtkjib ufcek cfereytt,ib eahj cheklt,jlf7 \\ cfereybc *_-(_-bfy okt,ib8 j]f[bc eahjcb lbfcf[kbcb ,t,bf staipt
,hby]c lf.hblf7 lffo.j,lf rdthw[t,c7 cehjc ajskt,c7 [ehlf aekc7
rfyatnc8 lbkbs flht7 hjltcfw .dtkfc t&byf7 vjbdkblf cf&hj[tc7 cfmfsvtc lf ,hby]bc vfhwdkt,c vjf.hblf8 ,hby]bc vfhwdkt,b cbvhfdktc ybiyfdlf7 rdthw[b 2 cbcfdctc7
cehjc vodfyt ajskt,b 2 vfhflbek
cbwjw[ktc7 aekb 2 ,fhfmfc7 rfyatnb
2 cbnr,jc8 cff[fkokj ceahfpt bylfehbc cfwbdb7 qjvb lf xbxbkfrb
fewbkt,tkb b.j8
f[fkb okbc vtjht lqt @ +!%` bfydfhb cfvtuhtkjibw ,tlj,bc lqtf8
lqtc7 hjujhw chekbfl cfmfhsdtkjib7 fhw cfvtuhtkjib ek[bys7 sevwf f[fkb okbcsdbc .dtkf
j]f[b7 qfhb,b se vlblfhb7 cfueklfuekjl tvpflt,f8 itb&kt,f bct
pecnfl dth itfchekjy xdtyb obyfght,bcufy cfereytj,bs lfythubkb nhflbwbt,b7 vfuhfv cff[fkokj ceahf .dtkf j]f[ib cfdctf8
YFYF CEKFDF8
UFPTS 3cfmfhsdtkjc htcge,kbrbc4
htlfmwbfv gfnbdb lfvlj lf @__$
okbc ! bfydhbc cff[fkokj yjvthib lf,tzlf xtvb gfnfhf othbkb
3sbfytsb uyt,fds0 2 f[kfdt=4
othbkb t[t,jlf vfhskfw vtnfl
vybidytkjdfy cfrbs[c8 vfiby7 hjwf
mdt.ybc evtntc hfbjyt,c cfntktajyj vjvcf[eht,f tktmnhjltybc
emjykj,bc ufvj vrfwhb uhfabrbs
ufytcfpqdht,jlf7 sbfytsib bub itepqelfdb7 @$-cffsbfyb [fyuh&kbdj,bcf uf[klfs8 cfvfhskbfyfl dfmt,lbs sbfytsbc tktmnhjcfntktajyj mctkt,bc eahjcc frfrb cjpfidbkc8 vfy cfresfhb bybwbfnbdbsf lf cf[cht,bs it&kj vlbyfht bjhpt vbrhjtktmnhjcfluehbc
vjo.j,f7 hbsfw lqtvlt iteath[t,kfl epheydtk.jac lf,f sbfytsbc vjcf[ktj,bc cfntktajyj
vjvcf[eht,fc8
@__$ okbc ltrtv,hbc vtjht yf[tdfhib sbfytsib vrfwhb fvbylb
lfbzbhf8 .bydfv @_-@% uhflecc vbfqobf8 bjhb ufb.byf7 tktmnhjcfluehvf veifj,f ito.dbnf7 vfuhfv
dby fwfkf7 rdkfd ufvjxylyty sbfytsbc tktmnhjcfntktajyj [fpt,bc mctkbc veifrt,b7 vjb.dfytc
nhfmnjht,b7 vlbyfht ufovbyltc
.byekbcfufy7
rdkfd
fbysj
yfseht,b lf ufbcvf cfntktajyj
pfht,b888
tc itvfhst,f esejl vbcfcfkvt,tkbf8 xdtyc othbkib7 hjvtkbw
obyf cff[fkokj yjvthib lfb,tlf7 ,fnjyvf frfrb cjpfidbkvf bcbw
smdf7 hjv okbc ,jkjvlt lf,f sbfytsbc cfrht,ekjib itvfdfkb cjakbc 2 stshf[tdbc cfntktajyj
[fpcfw fqflutylf8 hfvltybvt stshf[tdtkb frfrbc lfgbht,fc crtgnbrehfl it[dlf7 vfuhfv afmnb ]benbf5 frfrb cjpfidbkc cbn.df fh
ufent[fdc 2 ]th rbltd ief pfa[ekib lfbo.j [fpbc uf.dfyf7 vfuhfv
vbobcmdti xflt,ekb rf,tkb flblt,ekvf vlbyfht mecyjv fvjfulj8 vbe[tlfdfl fvbcf7 .dtkfathb
ufrtslf bvbcfsdbc7 hjv cjatk
stshf[tdc @__% okblfy cfresfhb cfntktajyj [fpb fmdc ufht cfv.fhjcsfy888
fh itb&kt,f stshf[tdtksf cf[tkbs fmdt fh des[hf vflkj,f
sbfytsbc cfupfj ufy.jabkt,fc7 hjvtkcfw by;bythb nfhbtk obrkfehb [tkv&qdfytkj,c8 vfy lfbo.j
lf okbc ,jkjcfsdbc vo.j,hib xff.tyf stshf[tdbc cfwfkat[j [blb vlbyfht mecyjpt7 hjvtkbw .jdtkb o.fklblj,bcfc v&bvt vlujvfhtj,fib f.tyt,lf vjcf[ktj,fc7
ufycfresht,bs crjkbc vjcofdktt,c7 bcbw eylf bsmdfc7 hjv nfhbtk
obrkfehb dthfathc uffo.j,lf7
hjv [blbc cfhtcnfdhfwbj cfveifjt,bc lfabyfyct,fib cfsfyflj .ehflqt,f fh ufvjtxbyf 3cfmupfvitybc4 ltgfhnfvtynbc sfdv]ljvfhbc
vjflubktc ,fnjy ujub othtstkc7
[jkj cfnhfycgjhnj cfiefkt,t,bs [tkb fh itto.j sbfytsbc hfbjybc ufvut,tkc ktdfy vjrdthfidbkc8
lf fhf vfhnj stshf[tdbc [blb7 sbfytsib fctdt fqflubytc ;t,jnbc [blb bjhpt7 hjvtkbw sbfyts-f[vtnbc nhfcfptf8
&dbhafcj vtuj,ht,j7 vityt,kt,j7 vsbcsdbc [tkitvo.j,j flfvbfyt,j7 vbbqts stshf[tdtksf
vflkj,f8 ubkjwfds f[fk otkc=
vjvfdfkib eahj vtnb rfhub cfmvt lfuto.js lf lfutvsfdht,byjs=
[DSBCFDFH FHXTVFIDBKB7
sbfytsbc hfbjyb7
cja8 stshf[tdf8
6
ltlfvbobc pehupt/xdty
CNBMBFC ITZBLT,EKB FLFVBFYB
UFTHJC utythfkehvf vlbdfyvf rjab fyfyvf ufyfw[flf7 hjv cfv[hts-fqvjcfdktsb fpbbc htubjyib
vbobc&dhbcf lf weyfvbc itltufl
ufvjodtekb pfhfkbc fyfpqfeht,f
vcjakbj ufthsbfyt,bcufy vjbs[jdc eghtwtltynj vjmvtlt,fc8
ybe-bjhrib vcjakbj ,fyrbc vtsfehsfy ]tbvc dekatycjysfy ufvfhsekb vjkfgfhfrt,bc itvltu7
fyfyb lflt,bsfl ufvjt[vfehf
wfkrtekb mdt.yt,bcf lf jhufybpfwbt,bc vjmvtlt,fc7 hjvkt,bw
erdt vpfl fhbfy ufvj.jy %__ vbkbjyb ljkfhb8 fv sfy[bc yf[tdfhc ufbqt,c vcjakbj ,fyrb8
lblb ,hbnfytsbc [tkbceakt,fv ufyfw[flf7 hjv cnbmbehb e,t-
leht,bc vc[dthgksf lfcf[vfht,kfl ufbqt,c )^ vbkbjy ljkfhc
2 tc fhbc .dtkfpt lblb sfy[f7 hjvkbc ufvj.jafcfw fgbht,c thsb
rjyrhtnekb mdt.fyf8
aekc hbw[fdty /evfybnfhekb
jhufybpfwbt,bw8 cfthsfijhbcj obstkb ]dhbc ofhvjvflutykt,vf fqybiytc7 hjv fv jhufybpfwbfc vjeobf uftafhsjt,byf sfdbcb dt,cthdthb7 hflufy &dtkb erdt dtqfh fhsvtdlf sfdc cfmdtkvjmvtlj
ityfnfyt,bc lbl yfrflc8
fvthbrtkb lf ,hbnfytkb gjkbnbrjct,b fvnrbwt,ty7 hjv cojhtl
ufthjv eylf brbchjc lfpfhfkt,ekb
htubjyt,bcsdbc lf[vfht,bc rjjhlbyfwbbc vstkb cfveifjc itchekt,f8
HTRJHLCVTYB
WFSFV,]TYB NFB,TBIB
NFBDFYBC ltlfmfkfmib jabwbfkehfl ufb[cyf vcjakbjib .dtkfpt
vfqfkb ityj,f 2 wfsfv,]tyb 3nfb,tb-!_!48
fv yfut,j,bc cbvfqkt %_( vtnhbf9 vbcb vityt,kj,f !7% vbkbfhl ljkfhpt vtnb lf]lf8
wfsfv,]tybc uf[cybc wthtvjybfc tcoht,jlyty nfbdfybc ghtpbltynb xty ieb,bfyb7 vsfdhj,bc ofhvjvflutykt,b lf flubkj,hbdb dfhcrdkfdt,b8 .dtkf
lfvcoht fqybiyfdlf7 hjv fv wfsfv,]tybc o.fkj,bs7 nfb,tbv
cfmdt.yjl ufbsmdf cf[tkb8
ltlfvbobc
ths-ths .dtkfpt ctbcvehfl fmnbeh hfbjyib
fut,ek fv %__vtnhbfy ityj,fc7
fhmbntmnjhsf
smvbs7 ite&kbf
ufe&kjc fhf
vfhnj vbobc&dht,c7 fhfvtl nfbaeyt,bcf lf
uhbufkt,bc itvjntdfcfw8
wfsfv,]tybc
vityt,kj,bc
lhjc ufvjb.tytc
eybrfkehb ntmyjkjubf7 hjvtkbw epheydtk.jac wfsfv,]tybc
ptlf cfhsekt,bc cnf,bkehj,fc7
.dtkfpt v&kfdhb vbobcmdtif ,b&ut,bc lhjcfw rb8
wfsfv,]tyib erdt bfydfhib ufb[cyt,f cgtwbfkehb vjtlfyb nehbcnt,bcsdbc8 hjujhw ityj,bc
vakj,tkt,b dfhfelj,ty7 @__%
otkc 3nfb,tb-!_!4 wfsfv,]tybc cfyf[fdfl7 cek wjnf vbkbjyb rfwb
vfbyw vbdf8
ptxmfhjcyekb kbant,b7 .dtkf
vcehdtkc $_ ofvbc ufyvfdkj,fib
fb.dfyc )(-t cfhsekpt vlt,fht vbybcrtlkt,bfy jsf[ib7 cfblfyfw bikt,f sbsmvbc vstkb nfbdfybc
sdfkofhvnfwb [tlb8
,h&jkf nf]brts-fdqfytsbc cfpqdfhpt
nf]brts-fdqfytsbc cfpqdhbc gfvbhbc vjyfrdtspt vj[lf itnfrt,f vtcfpqdhtt,cf lf itbfhfqt,ek
yfhrjvjdfzhtt,c ijhbc8
hjujhw nf]brtsbc ghtpbltynsfy fhct,ekb yfhrjnbrt,bc ,heydfpt
rjynhjkbc cffutynjc ghtccfvcf[ehbc
eahjcvf fdfp beklfitdvf smdf7 3nf]brts-fdqfytsbc cfpqdhbc gfvbhbc vjyfrdtspt itbfhfqt,ek
yfhrjrjynhf,fylbcnsf ]ueavf cwflf
fdqfytsblfy nf]brtsib itvjqotdf48
ufxfqlf ,h&jkf
vtcfpqdhtt,cf lf
yfhrjvjdfzhtt,c
ijhbc7 hjvkt,vfw
erfy lf[tdbcfc sfdblfy vjbijhtc ndbhsb8 3,h&jkbc flubkpt yfgjdybf ( rbkjuhfvb /thjbyevb lf @!7^ rbkjuhfvb ytlkb jgbevb47 2 fqybiyf beklfitdvf8 eylf fqbybiyjc7 hjv vfc
itvltu7 hfw hecvf vtcfpqdhtt,vf
cfpqdhbc rjynhjkb uflfcwtc nf]brtsbc v[fhtc7 tc gfvbhbc vjyfrdtspt ufy[jhwbtkt,ekb gbhdtkb
ofhvfnt,ekb jgthfwbff8 ufhlf fvbcf7 cfpqdhbcgbhf hfbjyib bgjdtc
fctdt cfvfkfdb7 cfblfyfw fvjbqtc
!_ rbkjuhfvb /thjbyevb lf 3ve[fc4 nbgbc .ev,fhcfn.jhwyb8
.DTKFPT CFCFWBKJ
F[FKB FV,T,B
3CB-TY-TY4 ntktrjvgfybbcf lf ahfyc ghtcbc cfbyajhvfwbj cffutynjc
itvltu htbnthvfw ufvjfmdt.yf vbvfdfkb okbc
.dtkfpt cfcfwbkj fv,t,bc yec[f8
vfufkbsfl7 bnfkbtkvf
vjcfvfhsktv cfcfvfhskj lfdbc vjudfht,bc
jhbubyfkeh cfiefkt,fc
vbvfhsf8 uf.hbk wjkmvfhc dth uflfto.dbnf7
se dbcsfy eylf lfhxtybkb.j cfw[jdht,kfl
vfsb % okbc df;b8 lhjbc lfpjudbc
vbpybs7 vjcfvfhsktv uflfo.dbnf ftulj vjytnf lf fct uflfto.dbnf cfrbs[b8 3vt tc ufdfrtst ,fdidbc bynthtct,blfy ufvjvlbyfht8
f,f7 cjkjvjy ,h&tyb [jv fh dfh7
hjv itvtsfdfpt,byf wjk-mvhbcsdbc ,fdidbc iefpt ufzhf042 uekf[lbkfl ufyfw[flf cfcfvfhskj lfdbc vjudfht,bc itvltu vjcfvfhskt rfhkj fybjkbv8
rjcvjyfdnt,b cfkb;fy ifhbgjdb
lf kthjb xbfj vstkb [esb rdbhbc ufyvfdkj,fib brdt,t,jlyty
v[jkjl888 ifmfh.byekbs8 .jdtkbdt
fvbc itltufl vfs @7%-@7% rbkj lfbrktc ojyfib8
cehcfsbc ervfhbcj,f ufvjbodbf
bvfy7 hjv cfthsfijhbcj rjcvjceh cfluehib vjveifdt obyf trbgf;c lfhstc yt,f vjt[vfhf pjubthsb ghjlemnb7 xbfjcf lf ifhbgjdbc ufyresdybkb ekeablfy7 hfsf fvbs eahj vhfdfkathjdfyb uft[flf sfdbcb hfwbjyb8 obyf trbgf;bc otdht,vf fvbs
3,jhjnfl4 bcfhut,ktc lf
sfdbfys itvwdktkt,c ufeyfluehtc cehcfsbc sbsmvbc vstkb vfhfub8
cf,tlybthjl7 cfndbhsj
[jvfklb 3ghjuhtcb4 @^
ltrtv,thc itegbhfgbhlf
cfthsfijhbcj rjcvjceh
cfluehc7 hjvtkvfw jh,bnfpt v.ja rjcvjyfdnt,c
xfenfyf cff[fkokj cfxemht,b lf cehcfsb8
tuhts ojlt,ekb 3hdf lblb cf[tkvobaj4 erdt ufyb[bkfdc uthvfybbc obyflflt,fc lfpfhfkt,ekb
mdt.yt,bc dfkt,bc uflf[lfpt vjhfnjhbevbc itvjqt,bc itcf[t,8
fv obyflflt,fc v[fhb lfezbhf cfahfyutsvf8 rfyflfv itvjbqj sfdbcb wfkv[hbdb vjhfnjhbevb7 fvthbrbc itthst,ekb infnt,bc cf[tkvobaj vlbdfyvf rjkby gfetkvf rb fv bltfc 3cfbynthtcj4
eojlf8
cnbmbehb e,tleht,blfy vt[est lqtc vc[dthgksf hbw[dvf !@%
fsfcc uflffzfh,f8 vfhnj byljytpbfib7 lff[kjt,bs (_ fsfcb rfwbf lfqegekb8 vfuhfv7 cfdfhfeljl7 tc hbw[db rbltd eahj ufbphlt,f7 hflufy vfidtkt,b ]th]thj,bs dth f[th[t,ty itqotdfc cfv[hts cfyfgbhjc wfkrtek
nthbnjhbt,cf lf vf[kj,kfl vlt,fht rey&ekt,pt8
sfyfvupfdhblfy uflfqt,ekb
itvf&hoeyt,tkb ajnjcehfsb ufvjfmdt.ytc tdhjgbcf lf fvthbrbc
vstkvf hbuvf ufvjwtvt,vf8 ajnjpt fq,tzlbkbf byljytpbbc fxt[bc ghjdbywbbc cfyfgbhj hfbjyt,b8 cnbmbbc itntdbc itltufl
fv ghjdbywbbc ltlfmfkfmib lfbyuhf yfut,j,t,bc jh vtcfvtlpt
vtnb8
fxt[bc ghjdbywbfib erdt fvjbwytc @( fsfcb udfvb7 vfuhfv7 hjujhw vfidtkt,b fw[flt,ty7
vc[dthgksf hbw[db7 itcf&kjf ufwbkt,bs vtnb b.jc 2 $__ fsfccfw rb vbfqobjc8
VJRKTL
/FBNBIB .jabkb cfv[tlhjt,b vbbqt,ty !_ okbc [tkafct,c7 bv itvs[dtdfib7 se lf.hbfy bfhfqc8
rjvgtycfwbbc vbqt,bc gjntywbehb
itcf&kt,kj,f fmdc /fbnbc fhvbbc lff[kjt,bs ^ fsfc .jabk
cfv[tlhj vjcfvcf[ehtc7 hjvkt,bw sbsmvbc !_ okbc oby lfbs[jdtc mdt.ybc itbfhfqt,ekb &fkt,bc hbut,blfy8 /fbnbc [tkbceakt,fc bvtlb fmdc7 hjv tc iteo.j,c [tkc mdt.fyfib cnf,bkehj,bc fqlutyfc8
* * *
BYLJTSBC jrtfytib vjv[lfhb vbobc&dhbc itvltu7 nfbkfylbc vsfdfhvf vtntjhjkjuvf-tmcgthnt,vf
uflfo.dbntc7 fh ftnt[fs ufyufib weyfvbc vjf[kjt,bc itcf[t,7
hflufy vbbxybtc7 hjv byljytpbbc
cevfnhbc rey&ekb ubufynehb nfkqt,bcufy lfbafhfdlf nfbkfylbc
cfv[hts cfyfgbhjc8 ufhlf fvbcf7 vtntjhjkjut,bc fphbs7 se
bcbyb obyfcofh ufvjfw[flt,lyty
weyfvbc vjf[kjt,bc itcf[t,7 tc
lbl pbfyc vbf.tyt,lf mdt.ybc nehbcnek bylecnhbfc8
* * *
FVTHBRFIB ufbvfhsf 3.dtkfpt ctmcefkeh cfyntmybrjcsf4 rjyrehcb8
fv exdtekj rjyrehcbc jhufybpfnjhbf cfyntmybrehb yfofhvbc ufvjvidt,b evc[dbktcb fvthbrekb rjvgfybf 3cnfylfhlc fvthbrf48
rjyrehcbc abyfkib ufdblf !@
vfvfrfwb lf thsb mfkb8 vsfdfhb ghbpbf vjupfehj,f ]tmcjydbkib \\\6\ cegthsfcpt lfcfcoht,fl8
* * *
CEK wjnf !$) rfwb lfbqegf fhutynbybc ltlfmfkfm ,etyjc-fbhtcbc ths-ths qfvbc rke,ib vjv[lfhb [fy&hbc itltufl8
hjujhw mfkfmbc [tkbceakt,bc ofhvjvflutykt,b fw[flt,ty7
rbltd #*_ rfwb lfifdt,ekbf8 cek
rb [fy&hbc ufxtybc vjvtynbcsdbc
qfvbc rke,ib ufvfhsek rjywthnc
tcoht,jlf ^ fsfcpt vtnb vf.eht,tkb8
[fy&hbc ufxtybc vbptpt,b ]th]thj,bs lfelutytkbf8
1 !7 IF,FSB7 ! BFYDFHB7 @__% OTKB8
SFJ,F
3rtrtkb’tsf kf,jhfnjhbfib4 ufphlbkyb
STF RTRTKB&T bv j]f[bc isfvjvfdfkbf7 hjvtkvfw
bdfyt ]fdf[bidbkbc cf[tkj,bc s,bkbcbc cf[tkvobaj eybdthcbntnbc w[jdht,fib yfstkb rdfkb
lfnjdf8 xdtyvf cfcbmflekj vtwybthvf lf gbhjdyt,fv ghjrkt rtrtkb&tv7 idbkt,bw 2 yjlfhb lf
ubpj7 qbhctekt,b lf ufvjhxtekt,b ufpfhlf8 3rtrtkb&tt,bc kf,jhfnjhbf47 2 lqtvlt fct vjb[ctybt,ty vfs cfvcf[ehc eybdthcbntnib8 lf ufyf
tc erdt ufvjhxtekj,bc lf ghjatcbjyfkbpvbc ybifyb
fh fhbc0
hjv vjcoht,jlf7 fk,fs7 &fkpt bfvf.t,lf cf-
FHFXDTEKT,HBDB vt[cbtht,f /mjylf7
ufrdtsbkt,c fldbkfl lf cohfafl
cofdkj,lf7 sevwf fcfrbc ufvj crjkfib gbhj,bs b.j vbqt,ekb 2 othf-rbs[df [esb okbcfv bcofdkf lf
vij,kt,vf yfflhtdfl vbb.dfytc crjkfib8 bc rb fhflf7 fhw tpjib sfvfic
brkt,lf lf gfhfktkehfl vecbrfpt
cbfhekcfw fcoht,lf8 fvbnjv vbcb itvlujvb ofhvfnt,t,b fhfdbc ufrdbhdt,bf8
,fdidj,fib e,ybc ,bzt,cfw bvjhxbkt,lf lf frb kblthbc fdnjhbntnbw cek
fldbkfl vjb[dtzf8 ufhtuyekfl ijknbdbs vjmybkb lf &kbthb7 bcts sfvfit,c bujyt,lf7 hjvkt,ibw fy hfqfw cbvfqkt eylf lftg.hj7 fy vjobyffqvltut ueylpt ufvfh]dt,f vjtgjdt,byf8 obyffqvltuj,f fh fibyt,lf
lf bjkflfw evrkfdlt,jlf8 bmyt, fvfyfw uff,tldbyf vbc vij,kt,bc fct ijhc7
jrtfybc ufqvf vbcb ufidt,f8
!^ okbc fcfrib7 %#-t cfiefkj crjkbc jmhjc vtlfkjcfyb7 s,bkbcbc
cf[tkvobaj eybdthcbntnbc ,bjkjubbc afrekntnbc cneltynb uf[lf7 cgtwbfkj,fl ,bjabpbrf fbhxbf8 vt-% rehcbc cneltynb7 ufwdkbsb ghjuhfvbs
vfcfxectncbc infnbc bjkfvbc rjkt]c
todbf8 vfiby cf,jkjjl lfhoveylf
stf7 hjv se yfvldbkb vtwybthb eylf
ufv[lfhb.j7 cojhtl fvthbrbc hjvtkbvt eybdthcbntnib eylf uftuh&tkt,byf cofdkf8 vfuhfv tc vfiby ofhvjelutytkb b.j lf thsb gthbjlb
sbsmjc stfw ittxdbf fv fphc7 hjv
fvthbrf vbcsdbc rdkfd vbeodljvtk
jwyt,fl lfhxt,jlf8 eybdthcbntnb
ofhxbyt,bs lffvsfdhf lf ]th s,bkbcbc cf[tkvobaj7 [jkj itvltu vjcrjdbc kjvjyjcjdbc cf[tkj,bc eybdthcbntnbc fcgbhfynehfib ufyfuh&j cofdkf8 gfhfktkehfl s,bkbcib ew[jtk cnevht,sfy veifj,lf sfh]bvyfl8
stfc hjv /rbs[js7 .dtkfpt ,tlybth okfl !)() otkc lfubcf[tkt,s7
hflufy bv okblfy lfbo.j vbcb jwyt,t,bc fchekt,f8 tc rb fct vj[lf5
eybdthcbntnbc be,bktpt xfvjcek
fvthbrtkt,bc ]ueac vbfvfuhtc8 stfc cfmvbfyj,bs lfbynthtclf fnkfynbc
tvjhbc eybdthcbntnbc cfmvtsf vvfhsdtkb7 ghjatcjhb njvfc ,thnhfyb8 vjb[b,kf mfhsdtkb ujujyfc tysepbfpvbs lf tvjhbc eybdthcbntnbc
fcgbhfynehfib uflfcdkf itcsfdfpf8
stfc vfbyw vje[lf js[b otkboflb
kjlbyb7 hflufy bv[fyfl fvthbrfcf
lf cfmfhsdtkjc ijhbc fcgbhfynt,bc ufwdkbc jabwbfkehb vtmfybpvb
]th rbltd fh fhct,j,lf8 lf fb7 !))#
otkc tvjhbc eybdthcbntnbc ghjatcjhbc ljyfkl vfr-rjhvbrbc eiefkj xfhtdbc itvltu7 stf fvthbrfib
uftvupfdhf8 itvlujv cojhtl fv vtwybthbc fcgbhfynb b.j tvjhbc eybdthcbntnbc ytdhjkjubbc afrekntnpt8
fmtlfy lfbo.j w[jdtkt,bc vjltkt,bcf lf e]htlekb rekneht,bc ufvj.tyt,bs7 ndbybc lffdflt,fsf vjktrekeh vtmfybpvpt stfc lfrdbhdt,f8 gbhdtkvf ofhvfnt,fvfw fh lff.jdyf lf stfv7 ]fyvhstkj,bc lfhuib7 fvthbrbc yfwbjyfkehb ]bklj
[tkjdfyb ,f,ef sfdbcb idbkbidbkt,bs8 fv]thfl
xdty v[jkjl stfpt utcfe,ht,bs7 stfpt7 hjvtkvfw
f[fkufphlj,bc vbe[tlfdfl7 erdt lbl ofhvfnt,t,c vbfqobf lf cfmfhsdtkjc cf[tkb rbltd ths[tk ijhc ufcn.jhwyf8
bub fv]thfl wbehb[bc eybdthcbntnibf7 cflfw
/fhdfhlbc eybdthcbntnblfy lhjt,bs vbdkbyt,ekvf7 bv cfvtwybthj ghj,ktvt,pt ufyfuh&j veifj,f7 hjvkt,cfw vcjakbjib fqbfht,ekb ytbhj,bjkjubbc ghjatcjh /fyc vbjkthbc [tkv&qdfytkj,bs brdktdlf8
vbbqj lf ajufhnbc cfthsfijhbcj
ajylbc cnbgtylbfnb uf[lf8 fvfy rb
erdt upf ufe[cyf !)(# okblfy /fhdfhlbc eybdthcbntnbc cfvtlbwbyj
afrekntnpt rdktdt,bc ufuh&tkt,fc8
cnf;bht,bc itvltu bc erdt fv eybdthcbntnbc sfyfvihjvtkbw uf[lf8
fm ufvjrdktdt,bc cathj rbltd eahj ufafhsjdlf8 ndbybc vtnf,jkeh
lffdflt,t,c7 tgbktacbf lf ythdbekb e]htlt,bc rdljvbc ghj,kt-
&fkbfy lblb &fkbc[vtdf lfczbhlf
stfc lf .dtkf qjyt b[vfhf7 tc cfyerdfhb cehdbkb hjv ftchekt,byf8 fvfib vfc cfresfhb fdnjhbntnbw lft[vfhf8 bvtljdyt,lf7 hjv s,bkbcib xfvjcekb ew[jtkt,b cfmfhsdtkjc lf vbc cfvtwybthj gjntywbfkc eahj f[kjc ufbwyj,lyty lf
mfhsek cfvtwybthj wtynht,sfy f[kj sfyfvihjvkj,fcfw vjfyljvt,lyty8 tc rb cfmfhsdtkjc lbl cfh-
vfw lftvfnf7 hjvtkcfw7 hjujhw wyj,bkbf7 byceknb7 /bgjmcbf lf ndbybc bitvbehb lffdflt,f bodtdc8 stfv
rdktddfib ,bhsdekb vfuybnehb htpjyfycbc ufvj.tyt,f lfbo.j7 hjvtkbw wjw[fkb jhufybpvbc ndbybc ufvjrdktdbc cfiefkt,fc mbhehubekb
xfhtdbc ufhtit b&ktdf8 fv vtsjlbc
ths-ths vfvfvsfdhfl cojhtl vbcb bv;fvbyltkb [tkv&qdfytkb7 ghjatcjhb ltdbl /jkwvfyb bsdkt,f8
rdktdt,b /fhdfhlbc cfvtlbwbyj
crjkbc /jcgbnkbc hflbjkjubbc ltgfhnfvtynib uffuh&tkf7 cflfw stf
ytbhjmbhehubbcf lf vtnf,jkehb lffdflt,t,bc ufy.jabkt,t,sfy sfyfvihjvkj,lf8 cojhtl fm ufvjbrdtsf vbcb cfvtwybthj bynthtct,bc &bhbsflb cathj8 aeylfvtynehb ytbhjmbvbbcf lf rkbybrehb ytdhjkjubbc lfrfdibht,f ndbybc lffdflt,t,bc
vjltkt,bc ufvj.tyt,bs8 stfv ,tdh
ofhvfnt,fc vbfqobf7 vfuhfv bc vfbyw cbfvjdyt,bs b[ctyt,c @__! otkc7
hjltcfw yfnjc cfvtwybthj ghjuhfvbc ]bkljsb lf ytbhjmbvbbc cfthsfijhbcj cfpjufljt,bc abyfycehb v[fhlfzthbs7 vbcb sfjcyj,bs
cojhtl s,bkbcib ufbvfhsf cfthsfijhbcj rjyathtywbf8 vfcib vcjakbjcf lf cfmfhsdtkjc c[df wyj,bk ytbhj,bjkjut,sfy lf ytbhjmbhehut,sfy thsfl stfc rjktuf7
ltdbl /jkwvfybw vjyfobktj,lf8 cfthsfijhbcj cfvtwybthj ajhevc7
s,bkbcib yfnjc cfvtwybthj ghjuhfvbc evfqktcb [tkv&qdfytkt,bc dbpbnb e&qjlf oby8 cgtwbfkeh ctcbfpt uflfo.lf7 cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc7 vtwybtht,bc vfhsdbc cbcntvbc ufcfev]j,tct,kfl7 lfvfnt,bsb abyfyct,bc
ufvj.jaf8
ut,kj,fc vjenfylf8
.dtkfathb bct rfhufl fub[lts7
hjujhw stfc dfhfelb ufvfhsklf8
rjyathtywbbc itvltu7 hfvltybvt cfbynthtcj thsj,kbd ghjtmnpt lfbo.j veifj,f8 stf rb wbehb[bc eybdthcbntnib vbbodbtc cfveifjl7 cflfw /fhdfhlbc eybdthcbntnblfy lhjt,bs vbdkbyt,ekvf7 cfvtwybthj
ghj,ktvt,pt ufyfuh&j veifj,f8 fv]thfl vbcb [tkv&qdfytkb vcjakbjib fqbfht,ekb ytbhj,bjkjubbc
ghjatcjhb /fyc vbekthb uf[klfs8
f[kf stf hfvltybvt ghjtmnbc [tkv&qdfytkbf7 hjvtkibw xfhsekbf wbehb[bc eybdthcbntnbc cffdfv.jajt,bcf lf idtbwfhbbc yfwbjyfkehb
cfvtwybthj-rdktdbsb wtynhb8 cfveifj
vtnfl cfbynthtcj lf cfiehbf7 hflufy
vtwybtht,b byceknc sfudbc sfdbc
ndbybc vjltkpt brdktdty lf bv gjntywbeh ghtgfhfnt,c wlbfy7 hjvkt,bw itvlujvib itb&kt,f byceknbc vrehyfkj,bcsdbc tatmnehb fqvjxyltc8
gfhfktkehfl stf /fhdfhlbc eybdthcbntnbc ofv.dfyb vtwybth-sfyfvihjvtkbf8
/fhdfhlib vbqt,ekb itltut,bc
vjktrekehb vtmfybpvbc fcf[cytkfl
rb stfv wbehb[bc eybdthcbntnib ,bjtythutnbrbc wyj,bk cgtwbfkbcnc
stj dfkbvfyc itcsfdfpf sfyfvihjvkj,f7 hfw ofhvfnt,bs ufyf[jhwbtkf rbltw8
stf cfmfhsdtkjc thsb oesbsfw
fh bdbo.t,c8 fm otkboflib ths[tk
vfbyw f[th[t,c xfvjcdkfc8 xfvjdf
se fhf7 abpbjkjubbc bycnbnenbc ytbhjmbvbbc kf,jhfnjhbf lf vbcb
[tkv&qdfytkb ghjatcjhb lfdbs vbmtkf&t hjv fh vjbyf[ekjc fh it-
b&kt,f8 vfsb sfyfvihjvkj,f lqtvlt
uh&tklt,f8
* * *
HJV bn.dbfy ,tlpt vbdecofhb stfc8
bc jh cffsib vbahbyfdlf7 vfuhfv vfbyw
lfvbsvj lhj lf ,tdh hfvtpt dbcfe,hts8
sehvt lbkfj,bs bctd bct bjut,bc
fzbvdfc fchekt,c8 wbehb[ib vfc ekfvfptc n,fpt e.dfhc cbfhekb8 bm vfvbc ufrdtsbkt,c b[ctyt,c wehdfib8 pfvsfhib s[bkfveht,pt chbfkbcsdbcfw
bwkbc8 ew[jtsib erdt ,tdhb vtuj,fhb
/.fdc8 stf rfhufl vqthbc8 frb tvjhbc eybdthcbntnib mfhsdtkt,bc nhbj
bmfehj,fib lblb ofhvfnt,bs cfhut,kj,lf8 vfuhfv stfc lblb cb.dfhekb vfbyw wtrdff7 fvbnjv hjujhw rb
lhjc vjb[tkst,c7 ,fhib fy htcnjhfyib lflbc cfwtrdfjl8 fhfathb c]j,c
stfc wmthfc7 hjwf bc nfyujc fy dfkcc
wtrdfdc8 vbcb kthofvbdbs fc[ktnbkb
c[tekb lf vb[dhf-vj[dhf vyf[dtkpt
ofheiktk isf,tzlbkt,fc cnjdt,c8
s,bkbcib rb dfrbc gfhrbc sfdpt fwjwt,f e.dfhc8 at[bs fe.dt,f rec n,bc vblfvjt,c lf cf.dfhtk mfkfmc uflvj[tlfdc7 hjvkbc afcb vfbyw fhfathb fmdc8
2 xdtyc &tukt,pt dub;lt,bj7 2 ufvbv[bkf lf hjujhw rb cfmfhsdtkjib
vjd[dlt,b7 dth dbcdtyt,7 hjvtkbvt
hjv fh vjdbyf[ekjj8
stfc &fkbfy lblb bvtlb fmdc7 hjv
cfmfhsdtkjib .dtkfathb cfcbrtsjl
itbwdkt,f8
2 vt erdt d[tlfd ,tdh wdkbkt,fc8
cfmfhsdtkjc fmdc ofhvfnt,bc eybrfkehb ifycb8 f[kf xtvsdbc &fkbfy vybidytkjdfybf cfmfhsdtkjib ufyfskt,bcf lf vtwybtht,bc vfhsdbc
cathjib vbvlbyfht ufhlfmvyt,b8
2 cfmfhsdtkjib lf,heyt,fc fh fgbht,0
2 vt cfmfhsdtkjcsfy sfyfvihjvkj,f thsb oesbsfw fh itvbo.dtnbf8
f[kf vtwybtht,bc vfhsdbc lfutuvfht,fv ufvbnfwf8 fv [fpbs dfgbht, sfyfvihjvkj,fc8 hfw itt[t,f cek lf,heyt,fc7 tc ]th]thj,bs ite&kt,tkbf7 hflufy &fkbfy cthbjpek ghjtmnpt dveifj, lf elbltcb gfce[bcvut,kj,f vfmdc fqt,ekb8 tc rjvgktmcehb7 aeylfvtynehb rdktdff7 hjvtkbw
uekbc[vj,c rkbybrfib fv rdktdbc lfythudfc7 fv ghtgfhfnt,bc w[jdtkeh
lf e]htlek vjltkt,ib ufvjwlfc8
fvbc vbnjdt,f7 c[df hjv fhfathb7 lfyfifekbf8 fvfc hjv vjdhxt,b7 iby lf,heyt,fpt vfiby dbabmht,8
* * *
F[FKB OTKB rdkfd idbkt,bc ufhtit itvjf,b]t,c rtrtkb&tt,bc j]f[ib8 stfc lf 2 vfrf /jkfylbfib w[jdhj,c7 hjnthlfvib thfcvehbc eybdthcbntnbc rkbybrfib tmbvfl veifj,c7 ubf 2 uthvfybfibf7 stf rb 2 idtbwfhbfib8
2 fk,fs7 vjdf lhj7 2 vte,yt,f ,fnjyb yjlfhb7 lf xtvb idbkt,b lfe,heylt,bfy cfmfhsdtkjc8 xtvb vij,kt,bc cehdbkbw [jv tc b.j7 hjv xdtyb
mdt.ybcsdbc udtvcf[ehf8
qvthsvf ubcvbyjs7 ,fnjyj yjlfh
lf evhfdkjc cfmfhsdtkjc smdtyyfbhb idbkt,b8
VFHFLB FYFCFIDBKB8
CEHFSPT5 ltdbl /jkwvfyb +/fhdfhlbc eybdthcbntnb`7 stf rtrtkb&t
+/fhdfhlbc eybdthcbntnb`7 dbyxtywj
ktewb +hjvbc cfeybdthcbntnj /jcgbnfkb7 bnfkbf`7 vfhbf ,bfyrb +gbpfc
cfeybdthcbntnj /jcgbnfkb7 bnfkbf`8
NRBDBKBS CFDCT CB[FHEKB
by]ubt,b rbylqib cf[kj,lyty
>DTKFC qhvf hovtybs7 f[fkb otkb
fhbc cb[fhekbc lf cbrtsbc vjvnfyb8 fsfcj,bs knjkdbkb j]f[bw fv
f[fk otkc ertstcb vjvfdkbcf lf
vij,kbeh res[tib lf,heyt,bc bvtlbs [dlt,f8
BY}UBT,BC j]f[b jxfvxbhbc hfbjyib7
cjatk f[fk rbylqib cf[kj,lf8 j]f[bc
lbfcf[kbcb7 mfk,fnjyb vtlbrj whtvkyfhtdb sdfkbs b[ctyt,c bv lhjc7
hjltcfw sfdbfys cjatkib vidblfl
lf ,tlybthfl w[jdhj,lyty8 bc lf vbcb
vteqkt vjobyfdt veit,b b.dyty8 cojhtl
cb,t]bsbc7 lfvcf[eht,t,bcf lf fhfths[tk vbqt,ekb ]bkljt,bc ufvj7
mfk,fnjyb vtlbrj fa[fptsbc eptyftcb cf,zjc ltgenfnbw uf[klfs8 b[ctyt,c
,fqfiasfy f[kj yfwyj,j,fc7 hjltcfw
bub gfhnbbc jxfvxbhbc hfbrjvbc vlbdfyb b.j8
by]ubt,bc j]f[ib jhb df;b lf thsb mfkb bphlt,jlf8 ,bzt,vf cfv[tlhj cfvcf[ehb hectsib vjb[fltc7 lfj]f[lyty7 rthfc f[fkb cbwjw[ktt,b itvfntc8
f[fk otkc vfiby ufycfresht,ekfl
[dlt,jlyty8 b.j cfvpflbcb7 [fkbcb7
vjvfdkbc7 ertstcb w[jdht,bc bvtlb7
nhflbwbekfl7 !@ cffsc .dtkf j]f[Ib
tkjlf8 itvltu rb fa[fp yfstk-vbhjyt,sfy7 vtpj,kt,sfy7 vtuj,ht,sfy vbcdkf-vjcdkf bo.t,jlf8 bv[fyfl dthfdby ofhvjblutylf7 hjv jltcvt mfhsdtkt,cf lf fa[fpt,c ijhbc &vfsfvrdktkb jvb ufxfqlt,jlf lf cbc[kb lfbqdht,jlf8
!))@ okbc !$ fudbcnjc tc vfbyw vj[lf8 vtjht lqblfy by]ubt,bc df;t,b
vij,kbehb res[bc lfcfwfdfl b,h&jlyty8 evwhjcb df;bcsdbc tc ,h&jkf
cf,tlbcothj fqvjxylf7 vnhbc n.dbfv !* yjtv,thc hjvfyb cbwjw[ktc ufvjfcfkvf8 j]f[vf vbcb w[tlfhb vij,kbeh cjatkib lfrh&fkf8
fvbc itvltu h&kt,b lf ,fdidt,b cj-
atkc uffhbltc7 wjk-mvfhb lf eahjcb
df;b rb cf[k-rfhc fh cnjdt,lyty8 mfk,fnjyb vtlbrj b[ctyt,c7 hjv !))# okbc
fudbcnjc ,jkjc sbsmjc ithbut,f vj[lf7 eahjcb idbkbidbkb gbhdtk rkfcib
itlbjlf7 h&fkb gtlfujub b.j7 lf cfcrjkjl bctd cjatkib xfb.dfytc7 sevwf
3ithbut,f4 [fyvjrkt fqvjxylf7 !^ ctmntv,thc rdkfd jvb fn.lf8 !) ctmntv,thc h&kt,b lf idbkbidbkt,b utvbs
uffhbltc cjatkc7 cfqfvjc rb [vf ufdhwtklf7 2 utvb lf,jv,tc lf [fk[b
xfb&bhfj8 bv qfvtc vstkb cjatkb
ukjdj,lf8 cf,tlybthjl7 vtjht lqtc
cfv[tlhjt,vf cjatkc fwyj,tc7 hjv
utvb uflfhxf lf [fk[b cfvidblj,jc
ufdblf8
2 !))# okbc @* ctmntv,thc cj[evb lftwf8 itvltu rb c[df cjakt,b
fbqtc8 @) ctmntv,thc lfdnjdts xdtyb
cf[k-rfhb lf ofvjdtlbs7 hbc itvltufw s,bkbcib7 s,bkbcbc pqdbc
gfycbjyfnib lfdcf[klbs7 2 rdytcbc vtlbrj by]ubf8
fv [ybc vfy&bkpt idbkbc cfakfdpt
xfcdkbc cfiefkt,f ltlfc v[jkjl
ths[tk 2 @__! otkc vbtwf8 bc vtpj,tkvf fa[fpvf lf mehsb thjdyt,bc f[fkufphlfv xevfl itb.dfytc
vij,kbeh cjatkib8 ltlfv idbkbc
cfakfdpt nbhbkbs uekb vjbj[f8 itvltu cfresfhb cf[kbc cfyf[fdfl vbdblf7 vfuhfv ibidtkb rtlkt,bc ufhlf
bm fqfhfathb lf[dlf8
by]ubt,bc j]f[c ,tlbcothfv7 evwhjcb df;bc lfrfhudbs lf vij,kbehb res[bc vbnjdt,bs vb.tyt,ekb
nrbdbkb fh frvfhf lf rbltd thsb
nhfutlbbc vjyfobktyb uf[flf8 !))$
okbc ! vfbcc eahjcb df;b hj,thnb eupjerdkjl lfbrfhuf8 cfvlqbfyb &t,ybc itvltu vfvfv idbkbc udfvb
vjhuib fvjbwyj8 hjujhw itvltu ufbhrdf7 mexfib hj,thnbcsdbc vfymfyfc
lfehn.fvc7 vrdktkbc dbyfj,f7 j]f[bc
lf gjkbwbbc &fkbc[vtdbc vbe[tlfdfl7 lqtcfw ewyj,bf8
ifjcfyb ltlf sfdclfvn.lfh e,tleht,fc ^ sdt jsf[ib ufvjrtnbkb ukjdj,lf7 vfvf mhjybrekfl fdflv.jaj,lf8
j,kt,b bphlt,jlyty8 knjkdbkbcsdbc
ufyresdybkb lf[vfht,f j]f[bcsdbc
cfrvfhbcb fh b.j8 cfhxtyfl hfbvt upf
bctd mfk,fnjy vtlbrjc eylf ufvjtyf[f8 lf lbfcf[kbcvf gehbs dfzhj,f
lfbo.j8 erdt fsb otkbf vbcsdbc lbkf
^ cffspt bo.t,f7 tktmnhjltgjib
vblbc7 gehbc mfh[fyfib7 .blekj,c
lf itvltu lfqfvt,fvlt7 gfgfyfmt,f
cbw[bcf se pfvshbc .bydt,bc vbe[tldfl7 vtnhj 3qhvfqtktcsfy4 /.blbc8
2 fv [ybc vfy&bkpt thsvf-jhvf
ufvkfy&qf5 xfvjtshbts lf lff,by&ehts fmfehj,fj8 fv cbn.dt,pt ,tdh]th vbnbhbf7 vfuhfv tc nrbdbkb
bctd ,tdhvf s,bkbctkvf uflfvfnfybyf8 it&kt,bclfudfhfl vt[vfht,bfy7
gehc hjv .blekj,ty7 [ibhfl [ehlfc vbnjdt,ty7 xtvb j,kt,b fvbs
lfdpfhlt7 2 fv,j,c vtlbrj by]ubf8
lqtc eahjcb idbkbidbkt,b eybdthcbntnib cofdkj,ty7 evwhjcb
crjkfc fvsfdht,c8 thsb h&fkb bcnjhbrjcbf lf qfvbc crjkfib fcofdkbc8 vtjht behbcnbf7 lhjt,bs
eveitdfhb8
j]f[c nrbdbkb cojhtl ,fdidt,vf uflffnfybyf8 vbe[tlfdfl ufydkbkb
v&bvt w[jdht,bcf7 .dtkf rdkfd f[fkb
okbc vjkjlbyibf8 uekc hjujhw cb.dfhekc7 bct cb[fhekcfw dth lfeikb8 by]ubt,b fv]thflfw itvjec[lt,bfy ceahfc7 jqjyl ifdbpqdbcgbhtsbc
yfwdkfl s,bkbcbc pqdbcgbhtsib7 jhb df;b rb
ceahbc vcdktkj,fc ltlbc vrthlpt lfvfuht,ekb ifdxfhxjbfyb cehfst,blfy fltdyt,c sdfkc8
mfk,fnjy vtlbrjc
bvtlb fmdc7 hjv .dtkfathb vjudfhlt,f7 sfdbc res[tc lfe,heylt,f8 sevwf bcbw bwbc7
hjv nthbnjhbekb
vskbfyj,bc fqcflutyfl fewbkt,tkbf hectssfy ehsbthsj,bc
vjotchbut,f7 hflufy
vsfdfh hjkc fa[fptsbc jvib cojhtl hecb sfvfij,lf7 vfhnj fa[fpb bm dthfathc uf[lt,jlf8
* * *
S,BKBCBC vrdblhs7 fk,fs7 [tbhbfyfl ufwyj,btht,ekb fh udfmdc7
se hf &ytkbf b&ekt,bs cf[k-rfhbc lfnjdt,f lf c[df mfkfmib ibidtk-nbndtkb uflf[dtof8 fv [fk[vf ,tdhb cbvofht yf[f8 pjuvf fmfw
ffo.j w[jdht,f7 pjub rb rdkfd ufzbhdt,bs ?rkfdc sbsjtek lqtc8
vjlbs7 .dtkfv dbhoveyjs7 hjv
@__% otkb egbhdtktcfl7 rjyakbmnt,bc vjotchbut,bc otkb bmyt,f7
sbsjtekb j]f[bcsdbc rb cbrtsbcf
lf cb[fhekbc vjvnfyb8
lft7 tc otkb bv jwyt,t,bc ufy[jhwbtkt,bc otkb .jabkb.jc7 hfw
cfmfhsdtkjcsdbc lqtc fewbkt,tkbf8
KTKF [DFLFUBFYB8
VHFDFK;FVBTH7 UEUEYT,LTC [VF=
FHCFL BCT FH VQTHBFY7
HJUJHW FM7 FV MDT.FYFIB888
CBVQTHF cbn.dfpt &kbthbf8 vtnflht
[fk[ehb cbvqthf7 hjvtkbw mfhsdtkb rfwbc cekbthb cbvnrbwbc7
epflj utvjdyt,bc7 3zbhcf ibufy ufvfuht,bc47 pjuflfl7 xdtyb thbc
sdbsv.jaflj,bc egbhdtktcb lfcnehbf8
cbvqthf udfkfvfpt,c8
cbvqthf udfvfqkt,c8
cbvqthf udf.dfht,c8
cbvqthf udpfhfdc888 sevwfqf tc
vfbyw fvfqkt,ekb ufywlbcufy vjudhbkb 3pfhb4 uf[kfds5
,jkj [fyc jhupbc itvpfhf mfhsekvf [fk[ehvf cbvqthfv8 ths[tk7 2 lble,bc gfystjyib7 hjwf xdtyb ufvjxtybkb vothkbc lf
ge,kbwbcnbc ]fyceq qdby]bkbfc
s,bk cfakfdc vbofc df.hblbs7 fycfv,kb 3hecsfdb4 rb7 ufhlfwdkbkbc fylth&bc sfyf[vfl7 3xfrhekjc4 vqthjlf8 vtjhtl7 futh f[kf7
@# yjtv,thc7 cfvt,bc cfrfstlhj
nf&hbc uf[cybc lqtcfcofekpt7 bubdt
fycfv,kb erdlfd mfhsek cfufkj,kt,c lf vhfdfk;fvbthc hjv fudbhbcnt,lf8
ubjhuj,bc bv lqtc uhbufkbct,ehb mfhb mhjlf7 ,eyt,f7 sbsmjclf ufvjwlfc udbo.j,lf7 fypjh thmjvfbidbkbc ,bzt,b rb jkbvgbehb cbvidblbs bluyty lf cfmfhsdtkjc mhbcnbfyekb ufvj,ho.byt,bcsdbc eafkc cbvqthbs tvflkbtht,jlyty8
ewt, vjvtxdtyf +sevwfqf7 fhfathbw fh vjvxdtyt,bf7 pecnfl fct
b.j‘7 3hecsfdvf4 cfufkj,kt,b hjv
xffvsfdhf lf vhfdfk;fvbthb ofvjbo.j7 mfhb xfo.yfhlf lf ,bzt,c
.ehb vbeulj888 utybfkehb ufkfrnbjybc cbn.t,b ufvf[ctylf5 3xe7 dbqfwf vqthbc vsfpt7 hf &fkff fv
nr,bk [vfib7 fhcfl bct fh vqthbfy7 hjujhw fm7 fv mdt.fyfib4888
vfhsfkbf7 lblvf vujcfyvf tc cbn.dt,b uehekt,c lf uehbbc vst,c
vbe&qdyf7 vfuhfv uehekb 3rhbvfyzekb4 se vtuhekb 3yfyf47 bvthekb
3vupfdhekb4 se rf[ehb 3vhfdfk;fvbthb47 cdfyehb 3kbktj4 se fzfhekb 3ufylfufyf4 ufyf thsbvtjhtpt ertstcb7 mfhsekb [fk[ehb
ajkrkjhbc cekbthb vfhufkbnt,b
fh fhbc088
UJUBNF ,EUBFYBIDBKB
ituf[ctyt,s5 fv [esbjlt okbc
obyfs mfhsekb [fk[ehb cbvqthf
beytcrjv vcjakbj gjkbajybbc
itltdhfl fqbfhf lf hjujhw rfwj,hbj,bc cekbthb reknehbc
cfufy&ehb7 .dtkf thbcf lf thjdyt,bc .ehflqt,bc cfuyfl fmwbf8
*
*
*
2 VTFVF>T,F7 hjv ovbylf cfvt,bc
cfrfstlhj nf&hbc uf[cyfpt7 xtvc
vtuj,ht,sfy thsfl dbvqtht8 bv
oest,ib vt e,tlybthtcb rfwb db.fdb
lf7 fk,fs7 tc uh&yj,f cbwjw[kbc
,jkjvlt ufv.dt,f7 2 vbs[hf #@
okbc ujubnf ,eubfybidbkvf7 fypjh thmjvfbidbkbc ths-thsvf
ecf.dfhktcvf itubhlvf7 cbvqthbcsdbc lf,flt,ekvf f[fkufphlf rfwvf8
*
*
*
888 EF[KJTCB vj.dhbc lf vtuj,hbc
j]f[ib itvs[dtdbs ufdbwfyb8 dblht
cflqtuh&tkjc bn.jlf fy bvqtht,lf7 thsb erfht,f7 cbn.df&eyob7 vfhnjjlty vjk[tybcsdbc lf,flt,ekb
,bzb vtujyf8 cf,tlybthjl7 itdwlb7 vrfwhb ufvjvtn.dtkt,bc vbqvf
cfjwfhb cbs,j lf cbrtst7 lf[dtobkb utvjdyt,f lf fhnbcnbpvb fvjdbrbs[t8 sbsjtekb ujybthb mfhsdtkbcsdbc cfabwfh rfwpt +vthoveyts7 fh dfzfh,t,‘ fypjh thmjvfbidbkpt hjwf vbs[hf 2 xtvb ufvphltkbf lf vfvfcfdbs vb.dfhcj7 thsvybidytkjdyfl uflfd-
o.dbnt vbc itcf[t, xdtyb ufptsbc
cff[fkokj ybvthib vjvts[hj
vrbs[dtkbcsdbc8
s,bkbcib lfb,flf lf ufbpfhlf8
lffvsfdhf !!#-t cfiefkj crjkf8
cf,fdidj ,fqblfy7 eahj pecnfl7
cfvb okblfy vjpfhlsf jkbvgbflt,pt rjyrehcufhtit fvqtht,ty8 tmdcb okbcf7 !)*( otkc7 eahjc &vfcsfy thsfl7 ltlfmfkfmbc @(-t vecbrfkeh crjkfib ofb.jkf ltlfv8 vj[lf bct7 hjv &vfv
rjyrehcbc gbhj,t,b dth itfchekf7 cfvfubthjl7 ujubnfv fqfahsjdfyf gtlfujut,b lf cfueylj-cflbhb;jhj ufy.jabkt,fpt
xfhbw[tc8 hfvltybvt sdbc itvltu7
vjcofdkt f[fkufphlj,bc htcge,kbreh cfcf[ktib7 htcge,kbreh jkbvgbflfpt7 gfnfhf dfhcrdkfdbdbs ufvj,ho.bylf888 ;behbc otdhvf7 mfhsekb ajkrkjhbc lblvf vjfvfutv df[einb rjntnbidbkvf ujubnfc vij,kt,c
ehxbf7 ,fdidb fypjh thmjvfbidbkc exdtytsj8 lqtvelfv vjewktkb7 ufcnhjkt,pt v.jab fypjhb ,eubfybidbkt,vf ths[fyc dth
vjb[tkstc888 vtht7 df[einb rjntnbidbkvf sfdfl vj&t,yf mfhsekb [fk[ehb cbvqthbc cojhegjdfhb vftcnhj lf gfnfhf ujubnf vb/udfhf888 bv lqblfy vj.jkt,ekb7 ]th 3vfhsdtib4 vqthjlf ekfvfptcb kbhbrj-lhfvfnekb ntyjhbs lf]bkljt,ekb
dfhcrdkfd,bzeyf7 vtht 2 3hecsfdib4888
,eyt,hbd vjyfwtvt,c7 hf smvf
eylf7 ghjatcbekb lf[dtof lf
3[vbc uf&kbtht,fw4 tcfzbhjt,jlf8 ujubnfv7 cofdkbc gfhfktkehfl7 vtkbnjy ,fkfyxbdf&bc cf[tkj,bc vecbrfkehb cfcofdkt,tkbw uffchekf lf cf[tkvobaj
rjycthdfnjhbbc cfueylj-cflbhb;jhj afrekntnbw8 rjycthdfnjhbbc lfvsfdht,bc itvltu js[b
otkboflb fdfh]bit,lf xdtyb ufvjxtybkb vjvqthfkb lf gtlfujub7 cf[fk[j fhnbcnb yjlfh
fylqekf&t8
2 ,fnjyb yjlfhb ]fljmfhb gtlfujubf8 flht [vf vtqkt,jlf7
pju]th 3vt,pfht,jlf4 lf thsb
rjywthnbc vtnc dth dvqthjlb8 f[kf7 cojhtl yjlfh fylqekf&bc
3vtsjlbs4 itvb&kbf itecdtyt,kfl
cfvb-js[b rjywthnb dbvqthj7 2
vte,yt,f ujubnf8
2 3hecsfdsfy4 thsfl7 !))# okblfy vj.jkt,ekb7 vcjakbjc hfvltyb mdt.fyf vjbfht lf .dtkfpt
vtnfl hjvtkb cfpqdfhufhtsekb
nehyt lfufvf[cjdhlf0
2 vbybvev @% mdt.fyfib udbvqthbf888
lfedbo.fhb b.j 3,b-,b-cbc4 atcnbdfkpt7 !))* otkc7 kjyljybc fk,ths/jkbc ^%__-rfwbfy lfh,fpib
ufvjcdkf8 rjywthnbc lfvsfdht,bc
itvltu7 vf.eht,tkb !% oesb udbrhfdlf nfic888 fvfc vj/.df vbodtdt,b
crfylbyfdbbc mdt.yt,ib8 lfybfib rb7
sdbs mdt.ybc ltljafkvf vbudbodbf8 cfjwhfl isfv,tzlfdb b.j7 fuhtsdt7 ybe-bjhrib7 vcjakbj reknehbc wtynhfl fqbfht,ek kbyrjkywtynhib ufvfhsekb rjywthnb8 fhfcjltc lfvfdbo.lt,f fdcnhbfib7 vjwfhnbc lfh,fpib7 uthvfybbc mfkfmt,ib7 bfgjybfib ufvjcdkt,b8 c[dfsf
ijhbc7 fv rjywthnt,vf uflfo.dbnf
mfhsekb gjkbajybehb vecbrbc
beytcrjc vbth rfwj,hbj,bc cekbthb reknehbc cfufy&ehib itnfyf8 vcjakbjc ths-thsvf .dtkfpt ufdktybfyvf ufptsvf 3ybebjhr sfbvcvf47 fvfc obyfs7 fvthbrbcf lf tdhjgbc vfcinf,bs7 cfertstcj fycfv,kt,bc htbnbyub ufvjbrdkbf8 fycfv,kb 3hecsfdb4 cfertstcjsf [estekib itdblf888 hfvltybvt rdbhbc obyfs rb gjkjytsblfy lfd,heylbs7 cflfw 3mfhsekb ajkrkjhbcf lf qdbybc
lqtt,b4 ufbvfhsf8 gjkjytkt,vfw
fhyf[ekb bynthtcb ufvjbxbytc xdtyb eybrfkehb7 hjujhw sdbsjy
smdtc7 pjuflcfrfwj,hbj vybidytkj,bc ajkrkjhbcflvb8
2 ujubnf7 obyfgfhsfufy [jv fh
vjulufvc [fk[ehb cbvqthbc cb.dfhekb0
2 rb7 yfvldbkfl fctf8 ufycfresht,bs rfhufl vqthjlf ltlfxtvbc
vfvf rfhkj vfhufkbnf&t8 vfvfxtvbc
ltlf dfhlj vtkbmf&tw itcfybiyfdfl fvqtht,lf ubnfhfpt888 ufycfresht,bs bc vf[fht,c7 hjv xtvb
idbkb7 $ okbc vfhbfvb .dtkfathc
vb]tht,c7 hjujhw cf[kib vbdfk7
ajhntgbfyjcsfy vtmfxt,f lf orhbfkf [vbs vqthbc888
2 vfhbfvbc ltlbrjw [jv fh vqthbc0
2 rb7 xtvb vteqkt yfsbfw vqthbc7 sevwfqf7 ghjatcbbs gtlbfnhbf8
2 qvthsvf fcb otkboflb ufvqthjs7 nhflbwbf7 hjujhw xfyc7 ufuh&tklt,f888 bc hjujh b.j7 chekbfl cfmfhsdtkjc rfsfkbrjc-gfnhbfhmvf7 fvfc obyfs7 gfnfhf vfhbfvbc fv,fdb hjv vjbrbs[f0
2 @@ yjtv,thc7 cfvt,bc nf&fhsfy htgtnbwbfc ufdlbjlbs8 gfnhbfhmvf lf mdt.ybc ghtpbltynvf
xfvjbfhtc8 vbcb eovbyltcj,f bkbf
vtjht vwbht [ybs itxthlf7 vjvbrbs[f lf cbjybc nf&fhib vfhbfvbc cnevhj,fw ufb[ctyf8 yfvwtwf
mfkb [ibhfl lfv.fdc obhdfpt lf
vufkj,tksf ueylc [vfc f.jkt,c8
2 fvfc hf c]j,c7 qdsbcvjcfdb
lf cekbthfl ufyovtylbkb ufbphlt,f8
2 vtw fct vujybf8
2 ths[fyc ity 3bevjhbyfc4 rjywthnt,ibw vjyfobktj,lb8
2 vfhsfkbf7 ths ctpjypt lblb
cbfvjdyt,bs dbvqtht8
2 .jxfq7 ujubnf8 ]th]thj,bs
tc dbrvfhjs8 fycfv,k 3hecsfdbc4
sbsjtek otdhc7 smdtyc j]f[c uekbsflfl ubkjwfds f[fk otkc8
ovblf cbjybcf lf cfvt,bc vflkb
uafhfdlts888
CGFHNFR MJ,EKBF8
VQTHBC FYCFV,KB 3HECSFDB4
SBSMVBC YFNEHBLFY
LFVTCBPVHF7 DBSJV888
XDTYC f[fkufphlf7 cfmvbs lfv&bvt,ek vbybcnht,c bct lqtt,ibw dth
vjb[tkst, lf cff[fkokjl dby lfutkfgfhfrt,f8 fvbnjv bctd cbpvht,bc
vbybcnhc fdsfylbk ithvflbyc itd,tlt8
2 ,fnjyj fdsfylbk7 ,jlbic db[lb7 [jv fh ufufqdb&ts0
2 hfc ,h&fyt,s7 erdt I[fgbc vbqt,fw vjdfcofhb8
2 bct7 [ibhfl u&byfds0
2 hf smvf eylf7 hjv fh db&byj7 cbpvht,c hjujh dyf[fd0
2 se cfblevkj fh fhbc7 yfyf[
cbpvht,c hfc eidht,bs0
2 hf cfrbs[fdbf7 lbkbs cfvcf[ehib vbdlbdfh lf vsfdhj,fib df;qtht,8
2 vtht7 vjcojys smdtyb cbpvht,b0
2 uffxybf hfc dyf[fd8 [fy vboeyt,ty7 [fy rb bct vjcojys7 cbpvfhc
htfkj,fl fqbmdfvty8
2 vfufkbst,c [jv dth lfudbcf[tkt,lbs0
2 hfnjvfw fhf8 fvfc obyfs lfvtcbpvhf7 hjv gtycbjytht,c f[fkb okblfy .jdtksdbehfl #@( kfhb vbtwtvfs8
2 vtht7 vsfdhj,fib vjtojyfs0
2 .dtkf fqahsjdfyt,ekb lfhxf7 ufhlf yjqfbltkbcf8
2 dbsjv hf vbylfj0
2 eaekj,fc vbxdtekb gtycbjytht,b fvltyc dth lf[fh]fdty lf
f[fk [fsf,fkfib ufud[dtdtyj8
2 sfdfl vbybcnht,b hjv fsfcj,bs kfhc bqt,s0
2 rb vfuhfv7 tc htfkj,ff lf ,eyt,hbdbf fhw vtcbpvht,f8
2 rbltd hf yf[ts0
7
c[dflfc[df/cgjhnb
1 !7 IF,FSB7 ! BFYDFHB7 @__% OTKB8
2 dbsjv yfnjc rfht,b qbf b.j7
vj,h&fylbsj7 udtgfnb;t,jlyty7 vfuhfv xdtyb vsfdhj,f at[c bshtdlf8
2 se lfbyf[t7 genbyb hf [fcbfspt
b.j0
2 cb[fhekbcufy wverfdlf7 fctsb
zrdbfyb vsfdhj,f cfmfhsdtkjc ]th
fh /.jkbfj8
2 ,fnjyj vbybcnhj7 hjujh fh
uhw[dtybfs7 hectsbc ufcf[fh cbpvht,c yf[ekj,s0
2 hbcf eylf vhw[dtyjltc7 tc [jv
cbpvfhbf lf fhf htfkj,f8
2 vfiby bc vbs[fhbs7 htfkehb
hf yf[ts0
2 dbqfw jgjpbwbjythvf +udfhb
dth lfdbvf[cjdht‘7 ,fsevbc cfyfjcyjc vfhnj thsb utvb !__ vbkbjy
ljkfhfl uf.blf8
2 lfhoveyt,ekb dfh7 vsfdhj,fib
ufe[fhlt,jlfs8
2 &fkbfy7 vfuhfv vbs[htc7 tc fv,fdb ]th]thj,bs ufv.htkb&tv fh
eylf ufbujcj8
2 /j7 fvfc obyfs ntktlt,fnt,bc
vjyfobkt ,tylemb&t ,hfpj,lf7 cfyfjcyj xtvb ifhdfkb [jv fh fhbc7
bfafl ufd.bljj8
2 tn.j,f7 tc xfvhxf vt[cbtht,fib
lf cbpvfhib dyf[t7 dbsjv ,tylemb&bc ifhdfkb tdhj,fpfhpt femwbjybs b.blt,jlf8
2 hf afcfl0
2 # vbkbjy fvthbrek ljkfhfl8
2 dth uffvn.eyt,7 vfu[tkf ifhdfkc vskfl vemsfl [jv dth uflffult,c8
2 0=
2 ifhdfkc sfdb ufdfyt,js7 ,fnjyj fdsfylbk7 se bwbs7 f[fkb
okblfy ltyb eo.dtnfl udtmyt,f0
2 cbvfhskt ubs[hfs7 fv cfrbs[bs
fh lfdbynthtct,ekdfh8
2 hjujh7 fvfc vbybcnhb vte,yt,f0
2 /j7 hf ubrdbhs7 cbpvht,c [jv
cb,ytktib ertstcfl d[tlfd8
2 fb7 htajhvt,c se fnfht,s cbpvfhib0
2 hjujh fhf7 vstk qfvtc cek
htajhvt,bc ohbfkib dfh8
2 itltub0
2 hf itltub7 tc [jv .dtkfathb
cbpvfhib [lt,f=
2 thsb e[th[ekb itrbs[dfw8
2 ,h&fyts7 ,fnjyj=
2 fh utibybfs7 fvlty cbpvhj,fyfib eyt,ehfl cf[tkvobaj sfy[t,b
hjv ufutafynjs lf cff[fkokjl
sfdb dbhbc f,fyjib fvjuf.jabyjy0
2 fhf8
2 hfnjv0
2 cbpvht,b cfcfvfhskjib ybdsvnrbwt,fl fh ufvjlut,f888
JSFH [EWBIDBKB8
BYAJHVFWBF
IBJ VQDBVTKBC MFKBIDBKC
2 !(__ LJKFHB
S,BKBCBC cfrht,ekjc ueibyltkb uflfo.dtnbkt,bs7 wyj,bkb
mfhsdtkb vothkbc ibj vqdbvtkbc mfkbidbkc mtstdfy mexerbidbkc s,bkbcbc vthbc cfhtpthdj ajylblfy !(__ fii ljkfhbc trdbdfktynehb sfy[f kfht,ib uflftwtvf8
fqybiyekb sfy[f mtstdfy mexerbidbkc ,bybc mbhbc uflfcf[ltkfl ufvje.dtc8
hjujhw cfrht,ekjc ueibyltk
c[ljvfpt bsmdf7 mexerbidbkb s,bkbcib thsjsf[bfy ,byfib w[jdhj,c7 cflfw vfvbctek ybdst,c
lf fhmbdc byf[fdc8
mfk,fnjyb mtstdfybc cfdfkfkj vlujvfhtj,bc itcf[t,
hfvltybvt lqbc obyfs 3cfmfhsdtkjc htcge,kbrfw4 beo.t,jlf8 bmyt,7 xdtyvf ge,kbrfwbfvfc ufczhf0
CFMFHSDTKJC NTMYBREHB
EYBDTHCBNTNBC htmnjhfnb
s[jdybs vbvfhsfdc fvfdt
evfqktcb cfcofdkt,kbc .jabk cneltynt,c7 hjvtksfw
/mjylfs lfybiyekb cnbgtylbt,b7 cfcohfajl ufvjw[fllyty cf,eqfknhj fqhbw[dbcf lf fyufhbicojht,bc
cfvvfhsdtkjib7 hfsf vbbqjy !))( okblfy @__$ okbc
bdybcbc sdbc xfsdkbs cfcnbgtylbj lfdfkbfyt,f8
@__%5 DBY 2 CFL
nhflbwbfc fh qfkfnj,ty
OKBC vboehekc cgjhnbc veifrsf
lf cgjhncvtysf jhb lblb sfd.hbkj,f ufbvfhsf8 ]th b.j lf7 cfcnevhj 3mjhsbfl vfhbjnib4 cfmfhsdtkjc thjdyekb jkbvgbehb rjvbntnbc cffyufhbij-cffhxtdyj ctcbfpt itd[dlbs xdtyc cf[tkjdfy
dtnthfy lf vjmvtl cgjhncvtyt,c7
cgjhnbc vtcdteht,c8
vtht7 cek f[kf[fy cfcnevhj 3vtnt[-gfkfcib4 vjto.j cgjhnek
;ehyfkbcnsf vbth okbc cfertstcj
fsb cgjhncvtybc ufvjdktybc lf
vfsb lf]bkljt,bc wthtvjybf8 fmfw
efvhfdb xdtyb cgjhnbc sfdrfwb7 dtnthfyb lf vjmvtlb cgjhncvtyb db[bkts8 fm ufdbwfybs @__$ okbc cfertstcj cgjhncvtybc7 fstybc jkbvgbehb sfvfit,bc xtvgbjybc pehf,
pdbflfehbc vteqktw 2 [fseyf zbyzfhfekb8
vjodteksf ijhbc7 hf smvf eylf7
cgjhnekb ghtcbc ofhvjvflutykt,bw uf[klbs lf ;ehyfkbcnb fcts
[tkcf.htk vjvtynt,c [tkblfy hjujh ufeidt,lf888
kfehtfnsf lf]bkljt,bc wtht-
vjybfpt 3vecbrfkehb itcdtyt,bc4
lhjc xdtyb vjecdtyfhb rjktut,b
lhjc emvfl fh rfhufdlyty8 ajnjfgfhfnt,bs7 xfvotht,bs7 pjubw nhflbwbekb rfkvbs itbfhfqt,ekyb7
vjcdtyt,fc fh f&ktdlyty htcgjyltynt,c8 evhfdktcj,f f[kfl lfmjhobyt,ekt,c f&ktdlf itrbs[dt,c7 pjubthsb 2 reknehbcf lf cgjhnbc
vbybcnhc7 c[dt,b cgjhnbc ltgfhnfvtynbc f[kfl lfybiyek sfdv]ljvfhtc7 cfertstcj fstekib vj[dtlhbk fsktnt,c f,tpht,lyty sfdc8
vt thsflthsb rbs[dbs itdfoe[t
bcbyb lf ufdfhrdbt7 hjv lblb xtvgbjyt,b7 &bhbsflfl7 mfhsek nhflbwbfc vbcltdty5 itrbs[dfpt 2 cfl
it[dlt,bs f[fk otkc7 vgfce[j,lyty5 iby7 j]f[sfy thsfl8 pehf,
pdbflfehb7 vfufkbsfl7 vfvfgfgehfl cf[kib7 vij,kt,sfy7 f[vtnfib
fgbht,c8 fstybc dthw[kbc vtlkbc
vakj,tkvf ytcnjh [thubfyvf7 thsudfhb lfyfyt,bs vbs[hf7 hjv f[fkb ,byf7 hjvtkbw itb&byf7 cff[fkokjl dth bmyt,f ufhtvjynt,ekb
lf bctd &dtk flubkpt j]f[sfy th-
sfl itcdfvc @__% okbc vj,h&fyt,bc
cflqtuh&tkjc8
lbljcnfnvf pehf, fpvfbafhfidbkvf cbfvf.bs ufyvbw[flf7 hjv
ibyfeht,b fhf,sf ufthsbfyt,ek
htcge,kbrfib tgfnb;t,bfy cff[fkokjl7 vfuhfv vfbyw s,bkbcib lfhxtyfc fv]j,byt,c8
wyj,bkvf vjrhbdtv ubjhub rfyltkfrvf rb fctdt nhflbwbekfl sfdbc cf[kib7 dfhbfyib uflfo.dbnf f[fkb okbc fqybidyf8 iby7 f[kj,kt,sfy7 vij,kt,sfy lf idbkt,sfy thsfl lfkjwfdty @__%-c hfvfp yjpf&t7
ubjhub fcfyb&t7 dtnthfyb cgjhncvtyt,b vpbf ]eqtkb7 fypjh vfhn.jakbidbkb7 ijsf [f,fhtkb7 stveh
fa[fpfdf7 hjvfy hehef888
ufcfut,bf7 xdtyc cgjhncvtyt,c fk,fs rfhufl fmds lfwlbkb cfresfh zthmdti f[fkb okbc it[dtlhbc
nhflbwbf lf @__% otkbw7 bvtlbf7
yf.jabthb lf ofhvfnt,ekb bmyt,f
vfssdbc8
qvthsvf [tkb vjevfhsjs=
FYLHJ ,FHMFBF8
CFF[FKOKJ BYNTHDBE
lfdbs yfvufkfehb5
vfhnjj,f lfvsfdhlf7 j]f[c ufevfh]jc=
CFMFHSDTKJC cgjhnbc cf[tkvobaj
ltgfhnfvtync7 hjujhw wyj,bkbf7 f[fkb [tkv&qdfytkj,f /.fdc8 hfvltybvt lqbc obyfs sfdv]ljvfhtl gfhkfvtynfhb lfdbs yfvufkfehb lfbybiyf7 gbhdtk vjflubktl 2 jhupbc vcjakbj xtvgbjybc tklfh rehnfyb&bc gbhflb vodhsytkb ubjhub ufklfdf7 vjflubktl 2 tmcnhfrkfcbc fh,bnhb tlbith vfxfb&t8
vw[tsf-vsbfytsbc .jabkb dbwt-ue,thyfnjhb7 3dfhlt,bc htdjkewbbc4
fmnbehb vjyfobkt lfdbs yfvufkfehb zf,erj,bcfc nfydfh]bibs .jabkf ufnfwt,ekb lf tmdcb otkboflb
tuyfnfidbkbc cf[tkj,bc nfydfh]biekb crjkbc lfh,fpib bvfqkt,lf
jcnfnj,fc8 vjobaekj,fib at[,ehsvf
uflfc&kbf8 lqtcfw pjjdtnbc ueylib
dfh]bij,c tkue]f ueueidbkbc [tkv&qdfytkj,bs7 fvfcsfyfdt7 gfhkfvtynbc at[,ehstksf yfrht,bc otdhbf8
fct hjv7 cgjhnbc cf[tkvobaj ltgfhnfvtynbc f[fkb rfwb cgjhnib cekfw fh fhbc f[fkb8
2 ghjatcbjyfkb fsktnb fh d.jabkdfh7 sjhtv w[jdht,bc ]fycfqb
otcbc lfcfvrdblht,kfl yfvldbkfl
itvb&kbf gbhflb vfufkbsb vbdwt
c[dt,c7 2 vbs[hf qbvbkbs ,fnjyvf
lfdbsvf8 2 hfw itt[t,f ltgfhnfvtynbc
sfdv]ljvfhtj,fc7 xtvsdbc fv sfyfvlt,j,bc itvjsfdfpt,f yfvldbkfl
vjekjlytkb b.j8 vfuhfv efhc hjujh dbn.jlb8 vjut[ctyt,fs7 mdt.ybc ghtpbltync ,fnjy vb[tbk cffrfidbkc lf f[kfyltk vsfdhj,fc
cgjhnbcflvb chekbfl ufyc[dfdt,ekb
lfvjrblt,ekt,f fmds 2 cfmfhsdtkjib cgjhnb ghbjhbntnfl ufvjw[fllf lf fv gjkbnbrbc ufcfnfht,kfl ltgfhnfvtynib hflbrfkehb wdkbkt,t,b b.j fewbkt,tkb8 mdt.ybc lfvjerblt,kj,bc fqlutyblfy
!@ okbc ufyvfdkj,fib ,tdhb cgjhnekb j,btmnb lfbyuhf lf ufgfhnf[lf7 ,fpt,b lfbnfwtc7 byahfcnhemnehf
cfdfkfkj vlujvfhtj,fibf8 ufhoveyt,s7 hjv erfyjyjl ufc[dbct,ekc
lfdb,heyt,s7 lfyuhtekc fqdflutys8
.dtkfathc ufdfrtst,s7 hfsf .dtkf fcfrbc flfvbfyvf it&kjc jhufybpvbc ufrf;t,f8 w[flbf7 evsfdhtcb
.ehflqt,f ghjatcbek cgjhnc lftsvj,f8 ghbjhbntnekfl lfabyfyclt,f jkbvgbehb cf[tj,t,b7 rth&jl7
bcbyb7 hjvtksf ofhvjvflutykt,b
gtrbybc jkbvgbeh sfvfit,ib ofhvfnt,fc vbfqotdty7 sevwf7 tc chekt,bsfw fh ybiyfc bvfc7 hjv c[df
cf[tj,t,c7 vfs ijhbc 2 fhfjkbvgbehc7 e.ehflqt,jl lf lfeabyfyct,kfl lfdnjdt,s8
fstybc jkbvgbehvf sfvfit,vf cfmfhsdtkjc lblb cb[fhekb vjenfyf7
.dtkfathb eylf ufdfrtsjs7 hfsf
gtrbyib erts dbfcgfhtpjs8 cffvbcjl
.dtkf jkbvgbtkc vfmcbvfkehb [tkito.j,f tmyt,f8
2 smdtyb ,be]tnb se ufcodlt,f
.jdtkbdtc0
2 @__% okbcsdbc cf[tkvobaj $7%
vbkbjyc udgbhlt,f7 cfblfyfw #7% vbkbjyb atlthfwbt,pt ufyfobklt,f
vfs vbth ofhvjlutybkb ghjuhfvt,bc
vb[tldbs8 lfvfnt,bsb cf[cht,bc vjpbldbc bvtlbw udfmdc8 gfhkfvtynib
veifdlt,f rfyjyb kfnfhbt,bcf lf
fpfhnekb sfvfit,bc itcf[t,7 hjvtkcfw7 fk,fs7 pfa[ekfvlt vbbqt,ty8
cojhtl fmtlfy dtkbs vybidytkjdfy sfy[t,c8
fk,fs7 vfkt vjudfhlt,f bctsb
vnrbdytekb ghj,ktvfw7 hjvtkbw ,bpytcvtysf itqfdfst,c t[t,f8 fctdt7 itcfwdktkbf rfyjyb cf,f;jc itcf[t,7
hfsf ew[jtsblfy uhfynbs vbqt,ekb
cgjhnekb cfmjytkb fh lfb,tuhjc8
sevwf7 bcbw fqcfybiyfdbf7 hjv fv rfyjyt,bc xmfhjcyekb otcbs vbqt,f
fh bdfhut,c7 hfsf vjvfdfkib .dtkfathb bctd itcfwdktkb fh uf[ltc8
2 cgjhnbc cf[tkvobaj ltgfhnfvtynbc sfdv]ljvfht f[fk otkc cfl
it[dlt,f lf gbhdtk cflqtuh&tkjc
hfc bn.dbc0
2 [esb sdbc obyfs vfhnjj,f
lfvsfdhlf 2 lfdmjhobylb8 xtvb vteqktf yfyf he[f&t 2 cfvtlbwbyj bycnbnenbc cneltynb8 f[fk otkc xdtyc
v.elhj ,byfib itd[dlt,bs8 gbhdtkfl7 w[flbf7 f[kflitmvybk j]f[c
lfdkjwfds7 vtht vij,kt,c vjdbyf[ekt,s8 sfdbceakt,bc vjtlfypt
vjptbvtsf cb[fhekc ufdbpbfht,s7
qfvbc jhbc yf[tdhbcsdbc rb hb.tpt ths-ths htcnjhfyib xdtyc vtuj,ht,c itdethslt,bs lf cff[fkokj ceahfc bm ufydfuh&j,s8
2 hjujhb bmyt,f f[fk otkc smdtyb
gbhdtkb cfveifj lqt0
2 vfhsfkbf7 jabwbfkehfl % bfydhfvlt dbcdtyt,s7 vfuhfv xdty cffvbcjl fh udwfkbf 2 vjflubktt,sfy lf cfvvfhsdtkjc eahjct,sfy
thsfl gbhdtk bfydfhcfw dbveifdt,s7
hflufy f[fkb okblfy ltgfhnfvtynbc
.dtkf sfyfvihjvtksfy lhjt,bsb
2 cfvsdbfyb [tkitrhekt,f eylf ufdfajhvjs lf .dtkfathc fvfc vjvpflt,f czbhlt,f888
vbylf dbcfhut,kj itvs[dtdbs lf
xdtyc cgjhncvtyt,c7 vstk cfmfhsdtkjc ij,f-f[fk otkb vbdekjwj
lf ofhvfnt,t,b decehdj8
tcfe,hf
DF;F LFYTKBF8
VBYBAT[,EHSB
YJLFH F[FKRFWBC SFCB
3BHFJC4 cnflbjypt ufbvfhsf s,bkbcbc 3lbyfvjc4 ktutylfhekb
vodhsytkbc yjlfh f[fkrfwbc
[cjdybcflvb vb&qdybkb nehybhb
!))*-)( okt,ib lf,flt,ek at[,ehstksf ijhbc8
gbhdtkb yf[tdfhabyfkehb vfnxb
3jkbvgbc4 zf,ersf ueylvf @5! c&kbf
vtvjhbfkbc vfcgby&kt,c 2 3bhfjc4
rke,c8 vtjht yf[tdfhabyfkib jkbvgbehb vjvpflt,bc wtynhbc vjcofdktt,vf _5# offutc fcfc zf,ert,sfy8
abyfkib 3jkbvgbc4 cgjhncvtyt,vf
vfnxbcitvlujvb gtyfknt,bc cthbfib fyufhbibs 2 $5# lffvfhw[tc vtnjmtt,b lf yjlfh f[fkrfwbc [cjdybc
ufhlfvfdfkb sfcbw vjbgjdtc8
;behbv vtvjhbfkbc cfertstcj
vtrfhtl fqbfhf vehvfy ctabfidbkb7
abyfkehb vfnxbc ufvjhxtek at[,ehstkfl 2 ktmcj lbqvtkfidbkb7 [jkj .dtkfpt ntmybrehb vj-
2 3JKBVGC4
sfvfibcsdbc ufyresdybkb ghbpb
wjnyt mt,ehbfc +cfvbdt 3jkbvgb4‘
uflftwf8 gthcgtmnbek at[,ehstkfl ueuf afhekfdf vbbxybtc7 e&kbthtc vwdtkfl 2 kfif pehf,bi-
dbkb7 [jkj bvtlbcvjvwtv cgjhncvtyfl 2 yeupfh ababf +.dtkf FCF‘8
bv itvs[dtdfib vjt[cyt,f7 se otkboflyf[tdfhib pecnfl itfchekt,c cfcfvfhskjc vjs[jdyt,c8
cfc]tkbc vj[lbcfc atkgcvf eylf
bfhjc jhufybpfwbbc 3ltlt,b vsdhfkt,bc vbth vfymfybc vfhsdbc obyffqvltu4 c[ljvt,pt7 fctdt cfv crjkfib eylf ufvjdbltc ktmwbbs fkrj/jkbc vfdyt,kj,bc itcf[t,8
fvfdt lhjc vfc trh&fkt,f fkrj?jkeh cfcvtkt,sfy lf yfhrjnbrt,sfy ehsbthsj,f7 sdtib ths[tk rb
eylf ufvjw[flltc gjkbwbfib8
sdbs fktcbfv fqbfhf7 hjv af,bj vbc ufhlf c[df fhfathpt abmhj,c8 sevwf vfy bcbw smdf7 hjv
vfkt ,fwfyb cthbjpekfl vjtrblt,f sfdbc 3cfveifjc47 hfcfw ujkt,b e[dfl vj/.dt,f8
hfw ubylfs smdbs lf vthwbv7 itb&kt,f7 .dtkfathb lfufdbo.t,byjs
2 kfvfpb nfyb7 ifdb svt,b7 ctmcefkehb vrthlb [jv yt,bcvbth vfvfrfwc lffrfhudbyt,c sfdc8
IJSF ,JRTHBF8
CEHFSPT5
3jkbvgbc4 ueylb8
ZHTKFZHEKF
cfc]tkfl 2
cba[bpkt=
UFCEKB okbc ths-thsb cfertstcj cgjhncvtyb7 tmdcupbc jkbvgbehb xtvgbjyb7 fvthbrtkb vjwehfdt
vfbrk atkgcb f[fk otkc fhw se
uf[fht,ekb it[dlf 2 vfc !( sdbs
gbhj,bsb gfnbvhj,f vbtcf]f fdnjvfymfybc yfcdfv vlujvfhtj,fib
vfhsdbcfsdbc8
!) okbc cgjhncvtyvf sfdb lfvyfifdtl cwyj8 vfc yfcfvfhsktj,f
ajnjvjltkb
eikbc [tkc0
AT[,EHSIB bnfkbehb cthbbc rke,
3cfvgljhbbc4 ajhdfhlc af,bj ,fwfybc7 erdt tmdcb nehbf7 ,ehsb fh
ufenfybf8 bwbs rb7 dby .jabkf fvfib
lfvyfifdt0 ajnjvjltkb fktcbt
vthwb8
CYAN BLACK
8
,jkj udthlb
FK,JVB
1 !7 IF,FSB7 ! BFYDFHB7 @__% OTKB8
FKBFHSFKB - ,FKBFHSFKB
vsfdfhb 3lfvyfifdt4
ufvjhxf888
.dtkfc hfbvt fmdc cf[cjdfhb
XDTYC dbkty vfhlfktbidbkc gbhdtkb idbkbidbkb 2 fyfyj itt&byf8 uf[fht,ekvf gfgfv othbkb sdbsjydt vjfvpflf8 xfvjsdfkf .dtkf7 dbyw vij,bfhtc vbt[vfhf 2 ubytrjkjub7 vtllf7 vjvcf[eht gthcjyfkb888
2 it rfb rfwj7 fvlty [fk[c vflkj,fc hjv e[lb7 cfl fhbc vsfdfhb lfvyfifdt 2 vfvf0 2 cf.dtlehj,c uehfv ujubfidbkb8
dfkt,b lfeuhjdlf
fv,j,c 2 vfufs cfmfhsdtkjc cb.dfhekb uekpt flufsj8
2 vbdt[vfhjs7 hjv lhjpt uflf.kfgjy7 sjhtv7 lfb[hxj,bfy7 2
csfdfpj,c jsfhb8
hjvtkb c]j,c0
E[EWTCB ;ehyfkbcnbcf lf vothkbc ubjhub ,judtkbidbkbc lf,flt,bc lqtpt uehfv ujubfidbkb
sfvflj,c8 sfvflj,bs rvf.jabkb
kflj vhtkfidbkb fv,j,c5
2 tyfo.kbfyb sfvflff888
2 tyfqdbybfyb f]j,t,lf7 2 tgfce[t,f jsfh [ewbidbkb8
hf fhbc qfkfnb0
UEHFV ujubfidbkb5 2 qfkfnb vfhnj ctmcpt rb fh bsmvbc888 fb7 ceahfpt dbyvtv itypt vtnb gehb hjv
itzfvjc888
2 tu ctmcpt efhtcbf= 2 fo.dtnbyt,c jsfhb8
vbdt[vfhjs=
LTBLFIDBKT,B stf7 yfsbf xbmjdfyt,b7 fvbhfy lf ybyj ybrehf&tt,b
cff[fkokj yf&dbc [bc ptbvpt8
vjudfojlf VFULF IEIBFIDBKVF8
UEHFVB kflj vhtkfidbkbcf lf
ubjhub [fpfhf&bc cflqtuh&tkjc
SDBC ,jkjf8 aekb .dtkfc itvjudtkbf lf cekvjesmvtkfl dtkjlt,bs [tkafcc8
2 vfhbyfc dfkt,b lfvbuhjdlf lf
dtqfh vbdcekdfh8 bmyt, ity ufvjvbhsdf hfvltybvt kfhb0 2 te,yt,f df[nfyu utkfidbkb ijsf vfzfhfidbkc8
pju]th
;ehyfkbcnt,bw dbwbybs888
qvthsc
vflkb itcobht=
JSFH [ewbidbkb5 2 xtvb wjkb
cek bvfc xbjlf7 h&fkvf kfgfhfrb fh bwbc7 vstkb lqt bct ufdf7
jh cbn.dfc fh vtn.dbcj8 dte,yt,jlb7 ufxthlb7 mfkj7 qvthsc
vflkb itcobht7 sjhtv7 [vf hjv
fvjbqjc7 dby bwbc7 hfc lff[tsmt,c0
itfdbohjdf888
DBKTYB vij,kbeh vfqkfrib vbtvupfdht,f8 fdnjcfluehib yeupfh
bhtvfidbkc 2 xdtyb htlfmwbbc cb&tc uflffo.lf8
2 bvthtsib vblb[fh0 hfpt eylf lfb[fh]j7 f[kfdt ufufvupfdht,7 2 gfnbdbcwtvbs sfdb lfbdfklt,ekf yeupfhvf8
lf dbktyb 3brfhecib4 cfgfnbj
flubkpt lfcdf8
dbktybc 3uf,fhbnt,bs4 ahbfl
itdbohjt,ekvf crfvbc vtpj,tkvf ujkbfsc hjv f[tl-lf[tlf7
babmhf7 rtltkpt zbfcfdbs vbvfchtccj7 e[vjl fluf lf888 ,bktsb
erfy xff,fhf8
3ufvjcfa[bpkt,tkc
vb.blbc4
2 VFYMFYF fasbfmsfy ufvbxtht7
&bkbc ofvfkb eylf db.blj7 2 te,yt,f sfdbc v&qjkc uehfv ujubfidbkb8 2 ityw uflvjlb7 dbwb7 &bkbc ofvfkb itywf uzbhlt,f7 extvjl
rb fh vjuwtvty7 2 vbvfhsfdc uehfvb jsfh [ewbidbkc7 hjwf
v&qjkvf vfymfyf vbsbst,ek flubkpt uffxthf8
jsfhb efhptf7 bv ofvfkcfw vt
vf.blbyt,j8
2 ity &bkbc ofvfkc fh vb.blb8
hjv lfdb&byj7 hf utidtkt,f0 ity
ufvjcfa[bpkt,tkc eahj vb.blb7
2 fv,j,c uehfvb8
vtuj,hbc
fdnjhbntnb
UEHFV ujvfhstkb vfverf dfifrb&tc cfresfhb idbkbdbs tatht,f8 cflfw ofdf7 sfy vb/.fdc7 hf smvf
eylf7 cfcflbkjibw8 tc htlfmwbfib .dtkfv bwbc8 itvjbfhf ths[tkfw idt,ekt,fib v.javf uehfvvf
lf lthtafyib htlfmnjhc fh uflffo.lf0 cfbs ufubotdbfj7 trbs[t,f
htlfmnjhb8 2 lf,kf eylf xfdblt7
wjnf ofdb[tvcjj8 xflb7 jqjyl vfverf fh ofb.dfyj7 ufptsc dtqfh vb[tlfdc7 2 qbvbkbs te,yt,f htlfmnjhb8
2 [jv yf[t7 htlfmnjhvf hf
vbs[hf7 eylf vfgfnbj7 dth ofub.dfy7 2 vje,jlbif uehfvvf vfverfc8
[tlfdc dfkbrj cbvjybidbkb7 vfverfc vfbyw uflfe.kehofdc8
2 hfnjv lfkbt7 htlfmnjhvf
uehfvc hf es[hf7 lfufdbo.lf0
2 hjv fh lfvtkbf7 babmht,lyty7 .jdtksdbc uehfvb fcvtdcj7
2 sfdb bvfhskf vfverfv8
ufvjbgfhf888
2 IFHDFKB ufuhqdtdbf7 2 vbvfhsfdc ijsf vfzfhfidbkb dbktyc7
hjvtkbw itvjcdkbcsfyfdt [dytibs lf]lf xtvb vfublbc oby8
2 ueiby vfhbfvj,f b.j8 [jlf7 ity
[fh xtvb ,fnjyb7 js[yfbhb qdbyj vfbyw lfdkbt lf iby ufnhtnbkb
vbdtlb8 othtskbc mfkbcsdbc itcf[tlb gbhb hjv fqfh vmjylf7 lbkbs estybf ufvjdbgfht cf[kblfy888
xf,;bhlf888
HTLFMWBBC v&qjkbc 2 yeupfh lfsefidbkbc df;bc mjhobkbf8 vt7
jsfh [ewbidbkb7 uehfv ujubfidbkb7 dbkty vfhlfktbidbkb7 cgfhnfr mj,ekbf7 ,jylj uekbfidbkb
ths res[tib dc[tldfhs8 ceahfw xbyt,ekbf lf ufyo.j,bkt,fw8 dbqfwfv smdf7 rfhubf7 jsfhvf lf dbktyvf obuyt,b hjv ufvjcwtcj8 uehfvb lftsfy[vf888 lf bmdt lfc&byf5
2 fvfs sbsj obuyb ufvjcwtc7 fb7
tkue]f rb xf,;bhlf7 othc lf othc7
dtqfh xthlt,f888
TKUE}F KT,FYB&T8
VJLF
WJNFW UFDBQBVJS888
2 VFVF7 ltlbrjv
vbs[hf7
hjv
f[fkb
okblfy fhf.b
&dbhlt,f lf
ity
yfrkt,c
lfktd7 2 te,yt,f
gfnfhf
bdfyb gtnrfc8
2 fhf7 idbkj7 se fct vj[lf7
ity lf ltlfityb itzfvs yfrkt,c8
* * *
VFHJV lf vb[jv7 hjv babmhtc7
gfnfhf ybrf7 hjujhw bmyf7 lfdf&bytsj7 cf&byt,tkc vbfiehtc8
ybrfc rb sehvt qdb&t,bf lf xevfl vbtgfhf cf&byt,kbc rfht,c8
2 cf.dfhtkj7 bwjlt7 &fkbfy vbylf ujuj7 2 te,yt,f mvfhc
vfhj8
2 ubylf lf7 fubchekt, vfu
yfndhfc7 2 /gbhlt,f vb[j8
2 vfiby vt at[,ehsbc ,ehsb7 ,ewt,b lf dtkjcbgtlb vbylf7 2 cf&byt,kbc rfht,b kfvbc
itfvndhbf ybrfv8
* * *
WJKB cfvcf[ehblfy lf,heylf7 lbdfypt xfvj]lf lf
mvfhc7 hjvtkbw bfnfrc fghbfkt,lf7 te,yt,f5
2 bwb7 lbhtmnjhvf lqtcfw
vbs[hf7 hjv xtvb uekbcsdbc
vpfl fhbc7 wjkc uft.fhjc8 hf
smvf eylf7 [evhj,c8
2 bmyt, cekfw fh [evhj,c0
2 bvtlbfyb [vbs trbs[t,f mvfhb8
* * *
VTXDTYT,F7 hjv rjhgjhfwbek
df[ifvpt
eahjcbc
cflqtuh&tkj5 3lf7 f[fk otkc
.dtkf xdtyb jwyt,f f[ltybkb.jc47 [ibhfl &fkbfy cebwblehbf8
YJVHBC V[FNDFHB RFHKJ AFXEKBF8
htlfmwbbc vbth iterdtsfdb vfcfkt,bc ge,kbrfwbbcsdbc ?jyjhfhb fh ufbwtvf8
fdnjht,c ds[jds7 rjvgbenthpt fyfo.j, @-@7% yf,tzl
udthlpt vtnb vjwekj,bc cnfnbt,c ye itvjudsfdfpt,ty8
{CJDYF
YEUPFH PJB&T
vjekjlytkfl ufhlfbwdfkf cfmfhsdtkjc
vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc a8 sfdf&bc cf[tkj,bc vtnfkehubbcf lf vfcfkfsvwjlytj,bc bycnbnenbc lbhtmnjhbc vjflubkt cfvtwybthj
lfhuib7 ntmybrbc vtwybtht,fsf ljmnjhb7 ghjatcjhb yeupfh frfrbc &t pjb&t8
lfb,flf !)#% otkc m8 s,bkbcib8 !)%( otkc
cfmfhsdtkjc gjkbntmybrehb bycnbnenbc vtnfkehubbc afrekntnbc
ofhvfnt,bs lfvsfdht,bc itvltu bub veifj,fc bo.t,c cfmfhsdtkjc vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc vtnfkehubbc bycnbnenib7 ]th evwhjcb7 itvlujv eahjcb vtwybth sfyfvihjvkbc sfyfvlt,j,fpt8 !)($
okblfy bub kf,jhfnjhbbc ufvutf7 [jkj !))( okblfy bycnbnenbc lbhtmnjhbc vjflubktf cfvtwybthj lfhuib8
y8 pjb&t b.j evfqktcb ljybc vtwybth-vrdktdfhb8 bub ofhvfnt,bs vjqdfotj,lf kbsjyehb ityflyj,t,bc sthvjlbyfvbrbc lfhuib8
xfnfht,ekb rdktdt,bc cfae&dtkpt vbqt,ekvf ghfmnbrekvf lf stjhbekvf itltut,vf vtwybth-vtnfkehusf lf abpbrjcsf cfthsfijhbcj fqbfht,f vjbgjdf8
y8 pjb&t ufvjbhxtjlf vfqfkb ibyfufyb reknehbs7 tywbrkjgtlbehb wjlybs lf byntktmnbs7 b.j efqhtcfl s,bkb lf vjrh&fkt,ekb rjktut,sfy7 thsuekb lf sfdlflt,ekb vtuj,ht,bcfsdbc7
bwjlf [tkjdyt,bc afcb8 cfjwhfl e.dfhlf vsfib cbfhekb7 cflfw
rfhufl dkbylt,jlf vbcb ufv&ktj,f7 itelfht,tkb cbvnrbwt lf
itedfkb df;rfwj,f8 frb vsfv bvc[dthgkf rbltw 2 cbwjw[kbc erfyfcrytkb oest,b vfy s[bkfveht,bs chbfkbc lhjc ufkbf8
y8 pjb&bc ufhlfwdfkt,bs cfmfhsdtkjc vtnfkehubekvf vtwybtht,fv
lfrfhuf eybzbthtcb vrdktdfhb lf vtwybthb8 vbcb yfstkb [cjdyf
cfvelfvjl lfhxt,f rjktut,bcf lf vtuj,ht,bc uekib8
CFMFHSDTKJC VTWYBTHT,FSF FRFLTVBBC A8 SFDF&BC CF[TKJ,BC
VTNFKEHUBBCF LF VFCFKFSVWJLYTJ,BC BYCNBNENB8
vodfyt vfvkbc otkboflb
athfljdyt,fc uekbc[vj,c
HFc udgbhlt,f f[fkb @__% okbc
vjlf0 egbhdtktcfl7 athfljdyt,fc7 hfw7 fk,fs7 vodfyt vfvkbc otkboflvfw ufyfgbhj,f8 zhtkb vfvkbc ufvj7 vjlbc cfv.fhjc ofv.dfyb lbpfbytht,b7 fv]thfl7 athsf cbe[dtcf lf uflfndbhsek vjltkt,pt efhc fqfh fv,j,ty8
vcjakbj lbpfbythsf rfhyf[bs7
itb&kt,f bsmdfc7 mfhsdtkt,c fh
ufevfhskfs7 hflufy vjlbc cfv.fhjib vfsvf cfcehdtkvf7 cf.dfhtkvf ifdvf athvf lf vemvf njyfkj,fv flubkb athfljdyt,fc lfesvj8
YEUPFH PJB&T
ufhlfbwdfkf qbhctekb vfvekbidbkb yeupfh pjb&t8 mfhsdtk cfvtwybthj cfpjufljt,fc ufvjfrklf gthcjyf7 hjvtkbw lffvidtyt,lf yt,bcvbth cf[tkjdfy vcjakbj eybdthcbntnc8 b.j vtwybtht,fsf ljmnjhb7 ghjatcjhb7 evfqktcb ghjatcbjyfkb kbsjyvwjlyt8
lfb,flf s,bkbcib7 nhflbwbek mfhsek j]f[ib8 vfvf
uf[klfs wyj,bkb ytdhjgfsjkjub7 qhvfl vjfphjdyt7 lfh,fbctkb ,fnjyb frfrb pjb&t8 ltlf7 mfk,fnjyb jkbf j]f[ehb otct,bc evrfwhtcb lfvwdtkb8 yeupfhb bphlt,jlf byntktmnefkeh7 reknehek ufhtvjwdfib8 b.j vtlfkjcfyb vjofat7 ahbfljcfyb cneltynb7 vfuhfv
bvsfdbsdt kfqb lf sfdbceafkb7 ktmwbt,bc ufvwltybwf lf vtuj,ht,sfy
vjk[tybc vj.dfhekbw8
gjkbntmybrehb bycnbnenbc lfvsfdht,bcsfyfdt frfltvbrjcvf athlbyfyl
sfdf&tv e.j.vfyjl ofb.dfyf sfdbcsfy7 vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc vtnfkehubbc bycnbnenib7 cflfw vfy ufydkj cfvtwybthj bthfhmbbc .dtkf ljyt 2
bycnbnenbc lbhtmnjhbc vjflubkt cfvtwybthj lfhuib8 fv7 cfmfhsdtkjib
cfvtwybthj rhbpbcbc gthbjlibw rb7 bycnbnenbc cfvtwybthj c[ljvt,b se
cflbcthnfwbj lbcrecbt,b yeupfh pjb&bc vjyfobktj,bs qt,ekj,lyty ufycfresht,ek vybidytkj,fc8 bc fhfdbc /ufdlf8 bufdvbeodljvtkb uf[klfs
ybzbs7 ujyt,bs7 ufyfskt,bs7 vtn.dtkt,bc reknehbs7 lf[dtobkj,bs7 ufhtuyj,bs8 chek.jabkfl akj,lf hfvltybvt tdhjgek tyfc8 ofhvfnt,bs
fv.fht,lf cfvtwybthj rfdibht,c ew[jtk rjktut,sfy7 rbs[ekj,lf ,ho.bydfkt
ktmwbt,c gjkbntmybreh bycnbnenib7 ufhtvjwekb b.j rjktut,bs7 vtuj,ht,bs7 f[fkufphlt,bs8
vbcrty vbbkndjlyty7 vfc trbs[t,jlyty7 vbcufy cofdkj,lyty7 vfc byfobkt,lyty8
bc .dtkfc /.jayblf lf7 hfw vsfdfhbf7 /.jayblf lbl vtwybtht,fc8
cfjwhfl vfhnbdb b.j ehsbthsj,fib 2 fqcfdct bevjhbs7 vfuhfv fmfw ufycfresht,ekb b.j8 bc [evhj,lf v[jkjl cfresfh sfdpt7 fhfcjltc 2 c[dfpt8 yeupfh pjb&t ufhlfbwdfkf vfqkf vsfib7 &fkbfy kfvfpb cbrdlbkbs8
lqtc rb ityb j]f[b7 ityb vtuj,ht,b ufjuyt,ekyb dlufdfhs7 ,fnjyj yeupfh7
ityb rtsbkij,bkb w[tlhbc obyfit7 lfd.eht,s ityc abmhbfy cf[tc lf d[tlfds7
hjujh sfylfsfy bg.hj,c cbrdlbkbc cfblevkj ityc fhct,j,fc8 vjdfcofhbs rb7 udtsmdf cfrflhbcb vflkj,f itysdbc7 ityb ecfpqdhj cb.dfhekbcf lf sfyflujvbcfsdbc0
yeupfh pjb&t vjv[ctyt,tkb7 yeupfh pjb&t jgjytynb7 yeupfh pjb&t v&fahb
gjktvbrjcb-letkbfynb7 yeupfh pjb&t ceahfpt v]ljvb se vsfib vj[tnbfkt7 b.j evfqktcb ufvjdkbyt,f lf fctsfl lfhxt,f xdtyib vfhfl;fvc8
VTUJ,HT,B8
Sakartvelos Respublika
B,TZLT,F UFVJVWTVKJ,F 3RJKJHBC4
CNFV,FIB7 HRBYBUPBC XB[B7 @_8
lbhtmnjhb STYUBP RFKFYLF&T8
CYAN BLACK
mvybc lqtdfyltk fdfyufhlek vjlfc8
f[fkb okbcsdbc ufycfresht,ekb
afynfpbbs ufvjhxtekvf njv ajhlvf uexbc cfvjltkj cf[kb tcgfyeh vjnbdt,pt itmvybkb athflb
fnkfcbc vjltkt,bs ofhvjflubyf lf ekfvfptcvf yfveitdht,vf vbcb
+uexbc cf[kbc‘ cnbkb &bhatcdbfyfl itwdfkf8
ifhifyltkbc vcufdcfl rdkfd fmnefkehbf qhvf ltrjknt lf rjhctnbc vcufdcb athflb ,kepjyt,b7
hfw otkc rbltd eahj fodhbkt,c
lf mfkeh cbketnsfy ff[kjt,c8
{CJDYF
lfvae’yt,kt,b 2 ufpts
3CFMFHSDTKJC HTCGE,KBRBC4 sfyfvihjvkt,b
ufvjvwtvtkb 2 igc 3F[FKB CFEREYT4
cfmfhsdtkjc htcge,kbrf
hjujh eylf itdbvjcjs vfvkbc
otkboflc0 fb7 hfc udbhxtdty vfqfkb vjlbc rfyjyvlt,kt,b8
f[fkb okbc rjktmwbt,b hfbvt
ufycfresht,ekb ybiybs fh ufvjbhxtdbfy8 vfsb &bhbsflb inhb[b
athfljdyt,ff7 fye yfstkb7 pju]th v.dbhfkf atht,b lf fvfcsfyfdt7 thsvfytsbcufy hflbrfkehfl
ufyc[dfdt,ekb7 thsb it[tldbs7 itecf,fvj nfycfwvtkb8 vfufkbsfl7
rfhk kfuthabklbc s[tkb7 yf[tdhfl ufvzdbhdfkt rf,f7 ]jh]j fhvfybc n.fdbc mehserb7 uexbc xtmvt,b7 cojhtl vfsb thsj,kbj,f
vsfdfhb
htlfmnjhb
HECKFY HECBF8
vjhbut htlfmnjhb
DBKTY VFHLFKTBIDBKB8
vteqkt yfstkf [ehwb&t7 idbkt,b frfrb7 pehf,b7 h&kt,b ybyj xbmjdfyb7 ybyj ]ve[f&t7
lf bytpf7 cb&t ktdfy vfnfhf&t7 ,b&fidbkt,b sfvfp7 lfkb pjb’tt,b7 f[kj yfstcfdt,b j]f[t,bs voe[fht,bs beo.t,bfy7 hjv ufhlfbwdfkf
YEUPFH PJB&T
gfyfidblb # 67 !^ cs7
ufvjcdtyt,f $ 68 !$ cs8
cf,ehsfkjc trktcbblfy8
cfmfhsdtkjc vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc mbvbbcf lf mbvbehb ntmyjkjubbc ufy.jabkt,f
lf cfmfhsdtkjc vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc a8
sfdf&bc cf[tkj,bc vtnfkehubbcf lf vfcfkfsvwjlytj,bc bycnbnenb qhvf voe[fht,bs
beo.t,f7 hjv vjekjlytkfl ufhlfbwdfkf bycnbnenbc lbhtmnjhbc
vjflubkt cfvtwybthj
lfhuib7 ntmybrbc vtwybtht,fsf ljmnjhb7 ghjatcjhb
YEUPFH FRFRBC &T
PJB&T
lf cfv&bvfhc ew[flt,c
ufycdtyt,ekbc j]f[c8
gfyfidblb # 68 !^ cs8
ve[f&bc m8 1@^7 ufvjcdtyt,f $ 68 !$ cs8 fvfqkt,bc trktcbblfy +cf,ehsfkjc cfcfakfjpt‘8
HTLFMWBF VFLKJ,FC
E{LBC >DTKFC7
DBYW UFPTSBC TC
YJVTHB ITB&BYF
LF OFBRBS{F=
tatmnbfybf athfl ,kepjyt,pt itvjwvekb ufvzdbhdfkt gthfyub7 hjvtkibw vbcb +,kepjybc‘ c[bdb fmfbm ufvjrhsbc lf eyt,kbts sdfkc
bnfwt,c8
fmnefkehbf f,htievbc7 ibajybc7
[fdthlbc mcjdbkt,b7 hjvkt,ptlfw
ufvjb.tyt,f lqtbcsdbc vjlehb 3vfcfkf4 ,todtekb8 fk,fs7 .dtkfc ite&kbf vjb&bjc7 seylfw7 ,t,bbc yfmjyb hfbvt ,todb7 hjvkbc nfycfwvtkpt vbpfyvbvfhsekfl ufvj.tyt,f smdtyc xfwvekj,fc [b,kcf lf
fvfcsfyfdt7 vjlehj,fc itvfnt,c8
fnkfcbc vce,emfl lfs,bkekb
gfknjt,b h,bkb aektcf lf lhfabc
,todtekbs ufo.j,bkvf gfknjt,vf
itwdfkf8
oktdfyltkb7 f[fkb okbc vjltkt,b cjab kjhtybc7 ,hb]bl ,fhljc7 ]byf kjkj,hb]blfc cnbkcfw
vjudfujyt,c 2 otkib xfv]lfhb7
ufvj.dfybkb lf bctsb mcjdbkt,bcufy itmvybkb7 hjvkt,bw c[tekptf vjvlufhb lf vbc .jdtk yfrdsc
vrfabjl lf vbvpbldtkfl ofhvjfxtyc8
mfkehj,bc [fpufcfcvtkfl lf
egbhdtktcfl7 tktufynehj,bcsdbc
ifhifyltkbcufy ufyc[dfdt,bs7
ve[kc mdtvjs +vblb‘ rf,ff fmnefkehb8
ofv.dfyb lbpfbytht,b7 fv]thfl7
fpbehb7 fqvjcfdkehb ufhtuyj,bc7
ifdudhtvfy vjltkt,c fybzt,ty egbhfntcj,fc lf vbbxytdty7 hjv fv
nbgbc mfkt,bcf lf vjlehb7 zhtkb atht,bc itho.vf eahj tatmnbfybf lf ekfvfptc /fhvjybek ufvfc mvybc8
lbpfbytht,b vjlehfl vjrktcf[tkehbfy7 cfiefkj pjvbc7 cflf
[tkxfyst,c vbbxytdty 2 sfcvt,bs7
,fkst,bs lf ,todbs vjhsekb
[tkxfyst,b rb ofhcekvf xfb,fhf8
at[cfwvtkt,b7 &bhbsflfl7 vfqfkmeckbfybf lf vhudfkw[dbhbfyb7 gbrfynehfl bsdkt,f tktufynehb vfqfk.tkbfyb xtmvt,b7 hjvkt,bw yt,bcvbth vjltkc ufycfresht,ek
vjv[b,dktkj,fc fybzt,c8
athfljdyt,f fhw gfhabevthbfc
ufvjhbw[fdc7 ufycfresht,bs vybidytkjdfybf vfrbf;b7 bctd lf bctd
sdfkt,bcf lf next,bc itqt,df7 vfsb
[fpufcvf7 vrfabjl ofhvjxtyf lf
3fvtn.dtkt,f48
vfvkbc okbc vjlfc7 ,eyt,hbdbf7
wyj,bkb mfhsdtkb lbpfbythb fdsfylbk wmdbnbyb&tw fh xfvjhxt,f8
vbcb cfvjltkj cf[kb vjv[vfht,tkc cff[fkokjl ,tdh cbf[ktc
csfdfpj,c8 [fkbcbfyb atht,b lf
&dbhafcb mcjdbkt,b +f,htievb7 fnkfcb7 [fdthlb‘ mfhsdtk lbpfbythc
pfvshbc rjktmwbbcsdbc fh lfeieht,bf8 [tkjdyehb lf ,eyt,hbdb ,todbs ufo.j,bkb7 ]byct,pt xfcfwvtkb mehsert,b7 c[dflfc[df cnbkbc gfknjt,b7 mdtlf ,jkjt,b7 cfqfvjc rf,t,b 2 fb7 bc &bhbsflb
rjcnbevt,b7 hjvkt,bw lqtbcsdbc
fdsfylbk wmdbnbyb&bc cfvjltkj
cf[kc fvidtyt,ty lf vfsb it&tyf
.dtkfcsdbc [tkcf.htkbf8
fct hjv7 fhxtdfyb vhfdfkathjdfybf8 vcjakbj lbpfbythsf itvjmvtlt,bc ufsdfkbcobyt,bsf lf cfresfhb afynfpbbc o.fkj,bs7 itub&kbfs f[fkb 2 @__% okbc xfwvbc cnbkb fldbkfl lfbwdfs lf
fvfcsfyfdt7 vjlehflfw ufvjb.eht,jlts888
KTKF LJYF&T8
CEHFST,PT5 @__% okbc vjltkt,b8
vij,kt,b ueuekb7 fdsfylbk ,frehf&tt,b7 vteqkt vfbf cjahjvf&t7 idbkt,b fdsj7 trf ,frehf&tt,b beo.t,bfy7 hjv
ufhlfbwdfkf
LFDBS +LFSJ‘ FDSFYLBKBC &T
,FREHF&T8
gfyfidblb @7 # 67 !^ cs8 lfrh&fkdf $ 67
!$ cs8 vbcfvfhsb5 lbqvbc vfcbdb7 vt-# rdfhnfkb7 vt-!! rjhgecb7 66 cflfh,fpj7 | cfhsekb8
vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbbc y8 vec[tkbidbkbc cf[tkj,bc ufvjsdkbsb vfstvfnbrbc
bycnbnenb voe[fht,bs beo.t,f7 hjv ufhlfbwdfkf bycnbnenbc eahjcb vtwybth sfyfvihjvtkb
FVBHFY MEHSBIDBKB8
gfyfidblb #/I !% cs8 lfrh&fkdf $/I !$
cs8 vbcfvfhsb5 vw[tsbc m8 1^8
vteqkt ubjhub x[tb&t7 idbkt,b vfyfyf7 vfbf7 sbybrj7 cb&tt,b ijsf fkseyfidbkb7 fktmcfylht vfbcehf&t7 rj,f c[bhnkf&t7 cjcj mfwfhfdf7 idbkbidbkt,b ybyj7 tkbcj7 mtsb7 vfhb7 ubjhub fkseyfidbkt,b7 ybyj c[bhnkf&t7 fyf7 fktmcfylht vfbcehf&tt,b7 ueuf mfwfhfdf voe[fht,bs beo.t,bfy7 hjv
ufhlfbwdfkf
KTBKF DFHKFVBC FCEKB RJGFKBFYB-X[TB&T
vbcfvfhsb5 m8 hecsfdb7 fhf.bidbkbc m8 1% +!‘ gfyfidblb
@7 #/I !% cs8 lfrh&fkdf $/I !# cffspt8
cfmfhsdtkjc cjakbc vtehytj,bc vtwybtht,fsf frfltvbf lf
vt,fqtj,bc7 vtdtyf[tj,bcf lf vtqdbytj,bc cfvtwybthj-rdktdbsb bycnbnenb voe[fht,bs beo.t,bfy7 hjv !_# okbc fcfrib
ufhlfbwdfkf bycnbnenbc lbhtmnjhbc7 frfltvbrjc yjlfh x[fhnbidbkbc ltlf
AFNB VJBCOHFABIDBKB-X[FHNBIDBKBCF
lf cfv&bvfhc ew[flt,ty ufycdtyt,ekbc j]f[c8
lfrh’fkdf ^/I !$ cs8 jpehutsbc hfbjyb7 cjatkb ]evfsb8
UFPTSBC ITVLTUB YJVTHB UFVJDF [ESIF,FSC7
^ BFYDFHC8
BYLTMCB ^^$#$7 VBCFVFHSB5 #(___(7 s,bkbcb7
v8 rjcnfdfc m8 1!$8 NTK5 ))-*#-@$8
CFHTRKFVJ UFY>JABKT,F - NTK5 )#-@(-!#8
TKTMNHJYEKB AJCNF5 [email protected]
DT< UDTHLB5 www.open.ge/sakartvelos-respublika

Documentos relacionados

cfmfhsdtkjc ,tlb cfmfhsdtkjib mfhsdtkvf [fk[vf eylf uflfo.dbnjc=

cfmfhsdtkjc ,tlb cfmfhsdtkjib mfhsdtkvf [fk[vf eylf uflfo.dbnjc= .dtkfpt vtnfl ufcfsdfkbcobyt,tkb b.j htubjyfkehb ghj,ktvf 2 cfmfhsdtkjc behbclbmwbbc ufdhwtkt,f cfmfhsdtkjc vstk nthbnjhbfpt8 fvbnjvfw vbdtwb vt [vf ahfmwbf 3\\6 cfereybc4 ghjtmnc8 f[kf fvbc ufvj ,...

Leia mais

makiaveli

makiaveli ise Zalian sainteresoa, rogor apirebs saqmianobis gagrZelebas auditis samsaxuri da ras gegmavs laSa Tordia. faqtia, rom am dromde es samsaxuri mxolod politikuri oponentebis devniT iyo dakavebuli.

Leia mais

aWara ucxoel avtorTa SromebSi

aWara ucxoel avtorTa SromebSi sammarTvelos ufrosi tariel abulaZe. konferenciaze dasmuli problemebis irgvliv TavianTi azri gamoTqves: n. kaxiZem, m. sioriZem, o. gogoloSvilma, r. uzunaZem, m. megreliSvilma, k. surgulaZem s. beri...

Leia mais

bjkb

bjkb c[df xbyjdybrt,c7 cfvoe[fhjl7 vfs .dtkfv ofe.hef8 fct hjv7 ufvjcfdfkb fh fhbc fmwbbc &fkbc ufvj.tyt,bs lfikf7 vbs evtntc7 hjv fvfc &fkbfy welb htpjyfycb vj/.df7 ghj,ktvf [jv vfbyw hxt,f0= vt dabmhj...

Leia mais