16.09.2008 Seite 1 Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg Ria

Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
Seite 1 GTZ
Ria Hidajat/
Disaster and Risk Management in Cities:
A Challenge for International Development Cooperation,
Taking the Examples from India and Madagascar
Prof. Dr. Axel Drescher, Prof. Dr. Rüdiger Glaser, Dr. Constanze Pfeiffer, Elke Schliermann-Kraus,
Stephanie Glaser, Marco Lechner, Dr. Jayshree Vencatesan, Ria Hidajat, Jens Etter
,
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Our Mission
ƒƒ We
We are
are aa government-owned
government-owned corporation
corporation with
with international
international operations.
operations.
ƒƒ We
We implement
implement contracts
contracts for
for the
the German
German Federal
Federal Government
Government and
and other
other
national
national and
and international
international public
public and
and private-sector
private-sector clients.
clients.
ƒƒ We
We further
further political,
political, economic,
economic, ecological
ecological and
and social
social development
development
worldwide,
worldwide, and
and so
so improve
improve people’s
people’s living
living conditions.
conditions.
ƒƒ We
We provide
provide services
services that
that support
support complex
complex development
development and
and reform
reform
processes.
processes.
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Importance of Disaster Risk Management at GTZ
ƒ For 10 years GTZ is operating in the field of DRM with
increasing amount
ƒ Currently projects in 21 countries financed by the Federal
Ministry for Economic Cooperation and Development
ƒ Since 2003 Sector Project “Disaster Risk Management in
Development Cooperation”
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Many towns and cities in developing countries are particularly vulnerable to
natural hazards as a result of the extreme population pressure and dense
settlement.
Î Steep slopes unsuitable for building are built up
Î inappropriate construction techniques and
Î construction standards are not observed
Î huge areas of land are sealed off
Î sewage systems are inadequate
Î safety standards at industrial plants are insufficient.
Î Poverty forces vulnerability
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Research Area I –
Chennai/ India
Chennai: Study areas alongside Pallikaranai Marsh
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Flood Risks in Chennai
Source: The Hindu 2005
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Research Area II –
Antananarivo/ Madagascar
Antananarivo: Drainage system of
the urban plain
Antananarivo: Study areas alongside Ikopa river
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Flood Risks in Antananarivo
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Conceptual framework – modified after Turner et al. (2003)
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
WORKFLOW –
interdisciplinary approach
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
The course of precipitation in Chennai 1813-2007
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
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Ria Hidajat/
GTZ
Mothly precipitation and mean temperature in
Antananarivo 1977-2007
(Source: IPG;
NOAA NCDC)
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Chennai: Periurban development 1965-2006
1965to 2006
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Chennai:
Public and private encroachments
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
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Ria Hidajat/
GTZ
Chennai: IT-Corridor and dumping
site inside the marsh
Blocked drainage system
Photo: Drescher 2007
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Chennai:
Flood risk map
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Antananarivo:
Flood risk maps
Source:
SOMEAH
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
Source: BCEOM-SOGREAHSOMEAH 2007
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Sociological investigation
methods:
Group discussion, participatory mapping
and key-informant interviews
Participatory Mapping:
ƒ Infrastructure
ƒ Informations about past floodings
ƒ Response strategies
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Chennai: Household adaptation strategies
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Antananarivo: Household adaptation strategies
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Consequences of floods
according to flood-affected interview partners
Antananarivo
Diseases
40%
35%
Chennai
Loss of income
30%
Evacuation
25%
Percentage of
interview partners 20%
Damage of houses
15%
10%
Loss of schooling
5%
0%
1
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Flood risk in Chennai and Antananarivo:
ƒ Climate change is not the reason for higher flood risks
ƒ Main factors:
ƒ Rapid and poorly organized urbanisation
ƒ Insufficient drainage systems
ƒ Garbage dumping
>> Necessity to create awareness
and political impact
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
The Geoinformation Portal
publicly
accessible
expanded by
the project
partners
project
sustainability
http://www.geographie.uni-freiburg.de/chennai/cd
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Geoinformation Portal
Including:
WebGIS-Applications
¾ Mapbender WebGIS
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Geoinformation Portal
Including:
WebGIS-Applications
¾ Mapbender WebGIS
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Geoinformation Portal
Including:
WebGIS-Applications
¾ Mapbender WebGIS
¾ Flash-WebGIS
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Geoinformation Portal
Including:
WebGIS-Applications
¾ Mapbender WebGIS
¾ Flash-WebGIS
Flash-based webanimations
¾ Video and audio sequences
¾ Image database
¾ Flash animation (time travel
based on satellite images)
¾ interactive mental map tool
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Why use Geo-Communication?
PROBLEM:
Information and knowledge
exchange between
heterogeneous groups
SOLUTION:
Visualisation and communication of
research results
- combining local views as well as
institutional perspectives
- bringing together different stakeholders
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
PARTICIPATION & SUSTAINABILITY
need:
ƒ Long term ENGAGEMENT
ƒ Long term COMMITMENT
ƒ Long term INVESTMENT
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/
Elke Schliermann-Kraus/ University Freiburg
16.09.2008
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Ria Hidajat/