Churches and Chapels - Ouro Preto Cultural

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Documento:Guia INGLES - OK.pdf;Página:26;Data:03 de Jul de 2014 13:54:10
Churches and Chapels
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Ouro Preto Guide
Chapel of Good Jesus Flowers of Taquaral
(Capela do Bom Jesus das Flores do Taquaral)
Churces and Chapels
Rodovia dos Inconfidentes, Km 4 - Taquaral
+55 (31) 3551-5047
Only with prior appointment. R$ 3,00
The chapel was built in 1748, in the camp of Ouro Fino, replacing the original
mud chapel. Under the invocation of Nossa Senhora do Pilar (Our Lady of Pilar), it had its name changed to Bom Jesus das Flores do Taquaral, in 1855. In
the chancel, two sinks made of stonework and one, smaller, of soapstone. The
pulpit is supported by a piece of stonework where stands his wooden balcony.
The main altar is carved and painted; the paintings on the ceiling over the nave
and on the chancel impress by their quality; typically local, they are among the
first of their kind. The Evangelho side is dedicated to Nossa Senhora das Dores
(Our Lady of Sorrows), with simple volutes, niches and cabinet; the pedestals
that support the nymphs are golden. The Epístola side (Epistle), which is also
carved in wood, is dedicated to Santo Antônio (St. Anthony).
Ouro Preto Guide
27
Chapel of St. John
(Capela de São João)
Rua Rio Piracicaba, 45 - Morro São Sebastião
+55 (31) 3551-5047
Only with prior appointment. - Entrance free.
According to tradition, was the first chapel erected in Ouro Preto, probably in
1699, after the arrival of the pioneers who found the much sought black gold on
the banks of Rio Tripuí. The patron, São João Batista (St. John the Baptist), was
chosen by Antônio Dias de Oliveira, due to the date of arrival at the site – June
24, 1698. Located on the top of Morro da Queimada (Queimada Hill), from
the external churchyard of the chapel, you can see Pico do Itacolomi (Itacolomi
Peak) and Serra do Caraça (Caraça Sierra). The Capela de São João Batista
(Chapel of St. John the Baptist) has some archaic formal elements. Built of yoke
and rural chapels of northern Portugal-style, its front door is carved in noble carpentry work. The chancel, as well as the entire construction, is quite simple. At
the main altarpiece, you can see a painting with a representation of the twelve
apostles. There used to be an ivory crucifix here, which is now in Museu Aleijadinho (Aleijadinho Museum).
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Ouro Preto Guide
Chapel of St. Joseph
(Capela de São José)
Churces and Chapels
Rua Teixeira do Amaral, Centro.
+55 (31) 3551-4736.
Entrance free.
Despite being called São José, the temple is officially named Capela de
São José dos Pardos e Bem Casados e Santa Cecília dos Músicos . Built
in the mid-18thcentury, the chapel had its altar designed by Antônio Francisco Lisboa – better known as Aleijadinho. Emperor D. Pedro II granted it
the title of Imperial Chapel in 1889. When Brazil became a Republic, the
Empire Weapons – that used to stand in the entrance and on the throne
of the altarpiece of the church – were removed, and are now stored in the
sacristy. Stands out from other temples of Ouro Preto by the uniqueness
of its frontispiece, where you can find a terrace with soapstone baroque
balustrade. The body of the tower advances on the tower body, with glass
oculus, whose outline combines straight lines and curves; above the oculus, sits a circular clock, contained by the entablature curve. The tower is
simple, quadrangular, with curved corners and tall bells. The main body
of the facade is indented. Two doors at the choir level give access to the
front terrace. The poet and novelist Bernardo Guimarães (1825-1884),
author of the novel Escrava Isaura (Slave Isaura), among other works, is
buried in the annexed cemetery.
Ouro Preto Guide
29
Chapel of St. Sebastian
(Capela de São Sebastião)
Rua Rio Grande, Morro São Sebastião.
+55 (31) 3552-6529.
Daily - Entrance free.
Located at the top of Serra de Ouro Preto (Ouro Preto Sierra), it is believed that
the Irmandade de São Sebastião (Brotherhood of St. Sebastian) erected the
chapel on this site in 1724. The chapel has typical features of the early 18th
century: the frontispiece is plain and simple, only with a portal of curved lintel, a
small cornice and a paneled door. Externally, at the right side, there is a small
bell tower with antique bell. The gabled roof is laterally lengthy over the vestry,
on the right side. It internally features the nave floor in boards and rounded lining
on three levels. The side altars are simple-cut with spiral columns and – most importantly – end atop the altarpiece arch, with the lining in three planes, adorned
with figures of angels. The stepped throne of the altar and the background of the
niche also feature paintings of angels.
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Ouro Preto Guide
Chapel of Padre Faria - Our Lady of the Rosary of the Mulatto of Padre Faria
(Capela do Padre Faria - Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Pardos do Padre)
The name of the chapel, which was erected to house the image of Nossa Senhora
do Parto (Our Lady of Childbirth), refers to one of the founders of Ouro Preto – Father
João Faria de Fialho. There are two probable dates of its construction: one, 1750,
engraved in the external bell from the belfry at the left side of the building; and another,
1758, engraved in the great papal cross of the outer forecourt. Set on a small hill
inside a large valley, the state of the chapel values its elegant simplicity. The interior
features two splendid side altars, carved in wood, with gilding and polychrome. The
ceiling is decorated with a painting depicting the Coronation of the Virgin, surrounded
by angels. The rood screen is painted with oriental motifs. The altarpiece of the main
altar is rich in carvings and gilding, with motifs of flowers, birds, angels, archangels
and the Atlanteans; in the center, images of Nossa Senhora do Rosário (Our Lady of
the Rosary) and Nossa Senhora do Bom Parto (Our Lady of Good Birth). On the side
walls, four panels show scenes of the life of Mary. On the outside, a small bell tower
with a bronze bell and an image of Our Lady of the Rosary. In the churchyard lies the
Papal Cross, whose origin comes from the concession from Pope Pius VI – through three
bulls – of privileges and special thanks to the chapel, which suggests that the cross has
been erected to commemorate that great distinction. The piece measures 8.52 meters
in height, carved in stone; all the carved work and fittings are perfect. They were built
more than two centuries ago and there remaining to this day.
Ouro Preto Guide
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Rua do Padre Faria - Padre Faria.
+55 (31) 3551-5047.
Tue-Sun: 8:30 am – 4:30 pm. R$ 3,00 www.arqmariana.com.br
Chapel of Our Lord of Bonfim
(Capela do Senhor do Bonfim)
Rua Antônio de Albuquerque, 42 - Pilar.
+55 (31) 3551-4736.
Entrance free.
Built in the 18th century, its facade was renovated in the 19th century. This
small chapel, in addition to popular devotion, also played a curious role: those
sentenced to death by hanging were allowed to attend their last mass there,
before rising to the scaffold; among them, Filipe dos Santos, who did so before
he died on the gallows, so as to have his body dismembered and his remains
dragged through the neighborhoods of Ouro Preto. There is an old drawing
representing the chapel with different characteristics of the current chapel, including an external double bell. It is certain that a reform has been made, totally
changing its original appearance. Its entire structure is made with stone, having
a lateral bell. Its interior is simple, presenting no work ornamentation that deserves any highlight.In the central arch, there is a large crucifix of Senhor do
Bonfim (Our Lord of Bonfim).
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Ouro Preto Guide
Chapel of Our Lady of Mercy
(Capela Nossa Senhora da Piedade)
Praça da Piedade - Piedade.
+55 (31) 3551-5047.
Situated on a plateau of Morro de Pascoal da Silva (Pascoal da Silva Hill), it
was the last chapel built in Serra de Ouro Preto (Ouro Preto Sierra), at the old
Ouro Podre Camp, burnt down during the Revolt of Filipe dos Santos, in 1720.
So the site, for this reason, is now called Morro da Queimada (Queimada Hill).
This date is the same as it is entered in the pedestal of the cross at the top of
the gable above the roof, which is certainly the date of completion of the work.
It was probably erected by wealthy owners of mines at the time of the Ouro
Podre Camp. Its facade is simple, with a door and two windows. There are no
towers, but two bell towers, and only one of them has a bell. Inside, images
of São Sebastião (St. Sebastian) and Nossa Senhora da Piedade (Our Lady
of Mercy), plus a crucifix. Highlight for two sinks in the nave and in the vestry,
with lavatory carved in quartzite.
Ouro Preto Guide
33
Chapel of Our Lady of Sorrows of Mount Calvário
(Capela Nossa Senhora das Dores do Monte Calvário)
Rua Doutor Tenente Pereira - Antônio Dias.
+55 (31) 3551-3282.
Sun:10 am - Entrance free
The construction of the Capela de Nossa Senhora das Dores (Chapel of Our
Lady of Sorrows) in an old cemetery land donated by the Irmandade do Santíssimo Sacramento de Antônio Dias (Brotherhood of Santíssimo Sacramento
de Antônio Dias) begun in 1768 and was completed in 1778. At the time,
both the devotion to Our Lady of Sorrows and her fellowship enjoyed great
prestige. The most important personalities of Ouro Preto attended the first
feast of the Scapular. The chapel was attended by Maria Dorotéia Joaquina
Seixas, better known as Marília de Dirceu, muse of poet Tomás Antônio
Gonzaga. On the facade, there is a stonework portal surmounted by stucco
decoration, with the emblem of the patroness. Above the entablature, a curvilinear pediment with a central bell inserted, where once there was a masonry
central tower that ruined down and collapsed. The decoration of altars and
altarpieces are quite simple; however, the chapel has some beautiful pictures
from Portugal and Minas Gerais, as well as a carved stool and two tables
in Johannine style, with excellent quality. The nave has arcades and tribunes
with balustrades. The chapel also has an image of Our Lady of Sorrows,
which is exposed in the processions of Holy Week.
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Ouro Preto Guide
Chapel of Santana
(Capela Santana)
Acess via Rua 24 de junho - Morro Santana.
+55 (31) 3551-5047 / 3551-1257.
The small chapel is one of the buildings that were built in the early founding of
Ouro Preto. It is located in a stony environment and hard to access of Morro
da Queimada, amid the ruins of the houses of São Paulo natives, burned in
1720 by order of the Earl of Assumar. The chapel has been preserved, despite
the fire and the subsequent abandonment. There are two stone cattle grids in
side entrances, built to keep animals out of the churchyard. Frontispiece with a
portal and two windows; straight lintels and wooden frames; oculus above the
door. The interior is simple; the side altars have adornments made in woodwork
and twisted columns; the altarpiece of the main altar presents neoclassical
influence, and the sacristy lies on the left side of the chancel. Highlight to the
baroque sculptures of the 18th century.
Ouro Preto Guide
35
Church of Good Jesus Matosinhos Churches and Chapels
St. Michael and Souls
(Igreja do Bom Jesus de Matosinhos - São Miguel e Almas)
Rua Alvarenga - Cabeças.
+55 (31) 3551-4736
Tue-Sat: 12 pm – 4 pm. R$ 8,00 (Includes visits to other institutions).
Founded in the mid-18th century, this building was dedicated to Santíssimos Corações de Jesus, Maria e José (Most Holy Hearts of Jesus, Mary and Joseph), Senhor dos Matosinho s(Lord of Matosinhos) and São Miguel e Almas (St. Michael
and Souls), a fact confirmed by documents written by Tomás Antonio Gonzaga.
The layout of the portal, the niche with the image of St. Michael the Archangel
and the relief representing the souls in purgatory are assigned to Master Aleijadinho. Made of soapstone, this magnificent facade is the main attraction of the
church, and is considered one of the most important works of art of the 17th
century in Minas Gerais. The image of Bom Jesus no Sepulcro (Praiseworthy Jesus
in the Sepulchre) is undoubtedly the master's work, much venerated by the faithful,
especially in his feast, which takes place on September 14. In the sacristy, a Via
Crucis prepared with care, especially the paintings of master Ataíde - Last Supper
and Crucifixion of Jesus, plus details of angels in ornamentation.
36
Ouro Preto Guide
Church of Our Lady of Mercy and Misericord - Mercês de Cima
(Igreja de Nossa Senhora das Mercês e Misericórdia - Mercês de Cima)
Rua Padre Rolim - Centro
+55 (31) 3551-4736.
The church is open only on days of religious festivals - Entrance free.
The Irmandade de Nossa Senhora das Mercês (Brotherhood of Our Lady of
Mercy) was established in Vila Rica from 1740 to 1754. The Church of Mercês
de Cima started its construction in 1773, to replace one that existed on the same
site. The building resembles the buildings of the 18th century by the rigid marking
of its architectural volume, divided into two quadrangular blocks composed by
the nave and the chancel. The particularity of the facade lies in its single central
tower. In the frontispiece medallion, made of soapstone, the Virgin is shown
extending her protective mantle over the faithful. Inside, there are beautiful altars
with carvings made by artificer Gregório Mendes Coelho.
Ouro Preto Guide
37
Church of Our Lady of Mercy and Pardon - Mercês de Baixo
(Igreja de Nossa Senhora das Mercês e Perdões - Mercês de Baixo)
Rua das Mercês - Centro.
+55 (31) 3551-3282
R$10,00 (Includes visits to other institutions).
There are two churches in the city erected in devotion to Nossa Senhora das
Mercês (Our Lady of Mercy), popularly known as Mercês de Cima (Mercy)
and Mercês de Baixo (Pardon). Mercês de Baixo is situated on top of Antônio
Dias, and you can see an excellent overview of the neighborhood from the
churchyard. It is a building completed in 1772, which went through several
modifications in the 19thcentury with thick stone walls, wedges and chantry
stripe in the frontispiece, besides square towers. Inside the church, there are
four side altars in the nave, besides pulpits, a rood screen and six tribunes. The
design of the high altar was made by Aleijadinho. Besides the hoist and the
imaginary, the ornamentation of the interior is noteworthy, as it includes paintings of Master Ataíde, granting beauty and grandiosity to the whole.
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Ouro Preto Guide
Church of Our Lady of Mount of Carmo
(Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Monte do Carmo)
The construction of this church, performed at the initiative of the Ordem Terceira do
Carmo (Carmo’s Third Order), dates back to 1766. The first layout, later modified by
Aleijadinho, was made by Manoel Francisco Lisboa, his father. In addition to them,
other major artists worked in the elaboration and decoration of the church, such as
painter Manuel da Costa Ataíde and some carvers. The main access is made via a
wide stone staircase, which culminates in the wide and grassy churchyard, with a
beautiful panoramic view of the city. It has, as an attachment, a novitiate house – which now houses the Museu do Oratório (Oratory Museum) and a cemetery. Elegantly
built in Rococo style, its facade is richly carved in soapstone. Inside, you can see,
right at the entrance, two sinks carved in stone. In the nave, on each side, three altars
with images carved in wood, and ahead in bronze and lead. The pulpits and altars
were made by Aleijadinho. The high altar was designed by Master Ataíde, with a
majestic throne, and in the dome you can see the image of Nossa Senhora do Carmo (Our Lady of Carmo). In the niches, Santa Quitéria (St. Quiteria), Santa Teresa
(St. Theresa) and Santo Elias (St. Elias).From the ceiling hangs a silver chandelier that
weighs about 30 pounds. In the sacristy, we highlight the ceiling with paintings of
Master Ataíde, besides several paintings by the same author; a sink designed by
Aleijadinho and made by Francisco Lima Cerqueira; a crucifix, a stool in silver and
immense wooden dressers. The church is the only in town with panels of Portuguese
tiles, illustrated with themes relating to the Carmelite iconography. In the consistory,
a majestic altar and paintings of Ataíde on the walls; this gathering of works makes
Igreja do Carmo one of the vastest and most imposing churches of Ouro Preto.
Ouro Preto Guide
39
Rua Brigadeiro Musqueira - Centro.
+55 (31) 3551-2601.
Tue-Sun: 9 am - 11 am / 1 pm - 4:45 pm - R$ 2,00.
Church of Our Lady of Rosário
(Igreja de Nossa Senhora do Rosário)
Largo do Rosário - Rosário
+55 (31) 3551-4736.
Tue-Sun: 1 pm - 4:45 pm. Entrance free.
Built by the Irmandade de Nossa Senhora do Rosário dos Pretos (Brotherhood
of Our Lady of the Rosary of the Black) in the 18th century, this church is considered by experts the ultimate expression of colonial Baroque of Minas Gerais.
His highly erudite trace resembles the ancient Roman churches and the elliptical
and polygonal plants created by Borromini, in Italy. Curved lines, both on the
facade and in the interior, predominate in the building. Doors and arches in
warheads, a sumptuous gable, a cross to the top in gray steatite and gatehouse
towers; there is a balcony with stone floor, called porch and holy water sinks,
made into well-crafted stonework with gold nuggets embedded in rock. Notably, a magnificent interior area with extreme uniqueness and originality. The
nave comprises six side altars, with cheerful and colorful paintings of Rococo
style and pulpits with granite base. In the sacristy, six panels on the ceiling
depict scenes of the gospel and Christ with rare anatomical perfection. The
sculpture of Santa Helena (St. Helena) is attributed to Master Aleijadinho, and
the images of Santo Antônio (St. Anthony) and São Benedito (St. Benedict) are
attributed to his brother, Father Félix. The church was renovated in 1930 with
the addition of colorful French hydraulic floor tiles on the floor.
40
Ouro Preto Guide
Church of St. Iphigenia - Church of Our Lady of the Rosary of
Alto da Cruz of Padre Faria
Known as the church of “Chico Rei” (King Chico- legendary character of
the oral tradition, was an African king brought to Minas Gerais as a slave
who bought his freedom and liberation of many other slaves, becoming king
again), it was erected from the year 1733. A huge stone staircase gives access to the churchyard, where you have a wide view of the “old” part of the
town. On the frontispiece there is a niche with a beautiful image of Virgem
do Rosário (Virgin of the Rosary) carved in soapstone. At the top, a curious
clock, built in 1762, with a stone display and a single pointer that indicates
the hours. At the entrance, we highlight the windscreen, for the remarkable
quality of its hoist. Inside, balconies and choir with rosewood balustrade.
Altar with paintings of stylized flowers and curious eastern representations in
the flank; on the throne, the image of Nossa Senhora do Rosário (Our Lady
of the Rosary) and a beautiful oratory of Santa Efigênia (St. Iphigenia). The
side altars, two on each side, are artwork with wood carving, painting and
gilding. Noteworthy are also two magnificent panels arranged on the walls
of the chancel, representing São Domingos (St. Dominic) and São Francisco
(St. Francis) praying at the feet of Christ.
Ouro Preto Guide
41
(Igreja de Santa Efigênia - Nossa Senhora do Rosário do Alto da Cruz do Padre Faria)
Rua Santa Efigênia - Alto da Cruz.
+55 (31) 3551-5047 Tue-Sun:08:30 am – 4:30 pm. R$ 3,00
Church of St. Francis of Paula
(Igreja de São Francisco de Paula)
Rua Teixeira Amaral - Centro.
+55 (31) 3551-4731.
Tue-Sun: 9 am - 11:15 am / 1:30 pm - 4 pm. R$8,00 (Includes visits to other institutions).
Built in the 19th century, the church maintains the architectural standards of the
buildings of the 18th century. With large proportions, its plant has classic patterns with division into nave, chancel and vestry surmounted by the consistory,
with corridors and galleries along the walls of the chancel. The frontispiece is
characterized by the predominance of straight lines and emplacement of towers
in the alignment of the facade. However, the gable retains baroque volutes, as
the towers remain biased to the corner pillars. The main focus is the magnificent
statue of São Francisco de Paula (St. Francis of Paula) attributed to Aleijadinho.
42
Ouro Preto Guide
Church of St. Francis of Assisi
(Igreja de São Francisco de Assis)
www.museualeijadinho.com.br
Considered the most beautiful church of Minas Gerais – the pearl of Minas Baroque – it
is a true synthesis of the arts in the 18th century in Minas Gerais. Architecture and sculpture by Antonio Francisco Lisboa – Aleijadinho – and painting by the master of Minas
Gerais, Manuel da Costa Ataíde. Of the works attributed to Aleijadinho, noteworthy is
the frontispiece, a masterpiece of beauty and elegance, where figures integrate harmoniously in the framing of the front medallion with the image of Nossa Senhora dos Anjos
(Our Lady of the Angels) and the Imposição dos Estigmas a São Francisco no Monte
Alverne (Imposition of Stigmata to St. Francis on Mount La Verna). The pulpits include, in
their decoration, foliage, garlands, lilies, wreaths, and angels’ heads blooming on the
ornaments, besides the representation of Jesus preaching to the people in the boat, and
also Jonah and the Whale. Other works of Aleijadinho are a sink in the sacristy and the
layout of the altarpiece of the main altar, the chancel, the tribune and side altars. The
roof of the nave is a masterpiece of Master Ataíde.In the central medallion is depicted
the glorious Assunção da Virgem (Assumption of the Virgin), which appears surrounded
by an orchestra of angels of all ages. Maria shows mulatto traits, as with many angels,
and is represented in an attitude of prayer seated on a throne of clouds, surrounded by
rays of light and resting on a crescent moon.Four evangelists are depicted in the corners
of the ceiling. Also by Ataíde is the series of panels that decorate the nave and the walls
of the chancel, as well as bars of painting tiles simulating tiles in the lower register of
the walls of the chancel.
Ouro Preto Guide
43
Largo do Coimbra - Centro.
+55 (31) 3551-3282 / 3551-4661
Tue-Sun:8:30 am -12 pm/1:30 pm-5 pm.R$10,00 (Includes visits to other institutions).
Basilica of Our Lady of Pilar
(Basílica de Nossa Senhora do Pilar)
Praça Monsenhor João Castilho Barbosa - Pilar.
+55 (31) 3551-4736. Tue-Sun:9 am – 10:45 am / 12 pm – 4:45 pm.
R$ 10,00 (Includes visits to other institutions).
www.ouropretoparoquiadopilar.com.br
The golden church of Ouro Preto, under the invocation of Nossa Senhora do Pilar
(Our Lady of Pilar), was inaugurated in 1733. The Matriz de Nossa Senhora do Pilar
(Parish of Our Lady of Pilar) is one of the lushest temples of Minas Gerais, with excessive
gilding ornamentation that dazzles visitors. The chancel is filled with cherubs, flowers,
wreaths, angels, Atlanteans and foliage, flanked by two beautiful Solomonic columns
spiraled to the bottom, where you see phytomorphic adornments – a splendid decorative work of Johannine-style executed by Francisco Xavier de Brito. Highlight goes to
the paintings on the walls, with the seasons of the year as their theme. At the top, two
evangelists flanked by angels made in silver. In the cornice, angels hold symbols of the
theological and cardinal virtues. In the liner, the scene of the Last Supper. Completing
the decorative and pastor composition, you can find an image of Nossa Senhora do
Pilar (Our Lady of Pilar). The pulpits follow the same contrived and pompous style of the
side chapels of the nave, all decorated with flowers. In the pulpit console, the presence
of Atlantean angels. The paintings on the ceiling over the nave form a beautiful composition with scenes from the Old Testament, having four saints to the center and, in the
central medallion, the apocalyptic lamb surrounded by angels. The painting is by artist
João Carvalhais. Note the optical effect caused by the figure of the Lamb: one arm of
the cross seems to change sides as you walk.
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Ouro Preto Guide
Shrine of Our Lady of the Conception of Antônio Dias.
(Santuário Nossa Senhora da Conceição de Antônio Dias)
www.museualeijadinho.com.br
Built in the early 18th century, the building replaces the original chapel erected
by pioneer Antônio Dias, founder of the city. The design and construction are
assigned to Manoel Francisco Lisboa, Aleijadinho’s father; both are buried in this
church. Considered one of the most important monuments of Brazil, it retains in its
surroundings the typical houses that value and provide monumental scale to the
imposing church. In the chapel,the Santíssimo Sacramento(Blessed Sacrament) is
carried by angels, with a remarkable medallion in the center. The main altar is a
single piece, where the twisted columns of the side are enriched with floral motifs
in gold. In the niche, there is a throne where sits the magnificent image of Nossa
Senhora da Conceição (Our Lady of Conception), in natural size, with silver crown
and radiance with twelve stars spiked with precious stones. Among the triumphs of
the Parish is the fact that Aleijadinho was born and died in the parish of Antônio
Dias. Moreover, the matrix was raised to the status of Sanctuary in 2006 by the
Archbishop of Mariana, Dom Pedro Luciano Mendes de Alemida. Annex to the
Church, you can find the Museu Aleijadinho (Aleijadinho Museum), with rich collection of imaginary baroque.
Ouro Preto Guide
45
Praça Antônio Dias - Antônio Dias.
+55 (31) 3551-4661 Tue-Sun:8 am - 12 pm /1:30 pm - 5 pm.
R$10,00 (Includes visits to other institutions).

Churches and Chapels - Ouro Preto Cultural

Transcrição

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