BDwbU 12

BDwbU
12
†cvwëªi ‰`wnK MVb
cÖwZwU Rxe AmsL¨ †Kvl Øviv MwVZ| GKB cÖKvi I Kvh©Kix wKQz msL¨K †Kvl wb‡q
MwVZ nq Kjv| Avevi GKB Kv‡Ri wewfbœ cÖKvi Kjvi mgš^‡q ˆZwi nq A½| GKB
Kv‡Ri wKQz msL¨K A‡½i mgš^‡q ˆZwi nq Zš¿ †hgb- A‡bK¸‡jv nv‡oi mgš^‡q MwVZ
nq K¼vj Zš¿| ‡cvwëªi †`n A‡bK¸‡jv Z‡š¿i mgš^‡q MwVZ| G¸‡jv n‡jv- K¼vj Zš¿
(Skeletal system), †cwkZš¿ (Muscular system), cwicvK Zš¿ (Digestive system),
k¦vmZš¿ (Respiratory system), cÖRbb Zš¿ (Reproductive system), i³msenb Zš¿
(Cardio Vascular system) Ges mœvqyZš¿ (Nervous system) BZ¨vw`| †cvwëªi †kªwY I
RvZ‡f‡` cÖ‡Z¨‡Ki wKQz ¯^Zš¿ ˆewkó¨ Av‡Q| evsjv‡`‡k m¤úÖwZ evwYwR¨K wfwˇZ nuvmgyiwM cvjb GKwU m¤¢vebvgq wkí wn‡m‡e wPwýZ n‡q‡Q| G wkí‡K jvfevb Ki‡Z n‡j
ˆeÁvwbKfv‡e myôz e¨e¯’vcbvi wfwˇZ cvjb Ki‡Z n‡e| ˆeÁvwbKfv‡e myôz e¨e¯’vcbvi
Rb¨ ‡cvwëªi kix‡ii cÖwZwU A½ I Z‡š¿i MVb Ges KvR m¤ú‡K© aviYv _vKv Riywi|
†Kbbv G‡`i kix‡ii wewfbœ A½ G‡`i esk cwiPq Ges Drcv`‡bi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z|
G BDwb‡Ui wewfbœ cv‡V ‡cvwëªi †`‡ni evwn¨K MVb, Af¨šÍixY MVb (cwicvK Zš¿,
cÖRbb Zš¿), wW‡gi wewfbœ As‡ki bvg I wW‡gi MVb cÖwµqv BZ¨vw` welq¸‡jv
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q|
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
cvV 12.1
†cvwëªi †`‡ni evwn¨K MVb
D‡Ïk¨
G cvV †k‡l Avcwb♦
♦
♦
♦
gyiwMi kix‡ii wewfbœ As‡ki bvg Rvb‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
†gviM-gyiwMi ewnivei‡Yi cv_©K¨mg~n Rvb‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
¯^v¯’¨evb I DbœZ Rv‡Zi gyiwMi j¶Ymg~n Rvb‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
gyiwMi kix‡ii cvjK e`jv‡bv Ges Gi Dci wfwË K‡i gyiwMi cÖKvi‡f`
m¤ú‡K© wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
gyiwMi †`‡ni evwn¨K MVb (Body parts)
gyiwMi †`‡ni evwn¨K AveiY m¤ú‡K© fvj aviYv _vKv `iKvi| †Kbbv evwn¨K AveiYB
G‡`i Rv‡Zi w`K wb‡`©kbv w`‡q _v‡K| †hgb aiv hvK, gv_vi SzuwUi K_v| gv_vi SzuwU
wewfbœ RvZ ev DcRv‡Zi gyiwMi †¶‡Î wewfbœ| †KvbUvi SzuwU GKK, †KvbUvi SzuwU gUi
`vbvi gZ| Abyiƒcfv‡e Kv‡bi jwZ, cvjK, Pvgov BZ¨vw` wewfbœ RvZ/DcRv‡Z wewfbœ
nq| ZvB RvZ ev DcRvZ †Pbvi Rb¨ Ges gyiwM my¯’ bv Amy¯’ Zv Rvbvi Rb¨I gyiwMi
evwn¨K MVb m¤ú‡K© ch©vß Ávb _vKv AZ¨šÍ cÖ‡qvRb| gyiwMi kix‡ii ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
Ask¸‡jvi eY©bv wb‡gœ †`qv nj1| gv_vi SzuwU (Comb): †gviM-gyiwMi gv_vi jvj e‡Y©i gvsmwc‡Ûi bvg SzuwU|
RvZ‡f‡` cÖvq 8 ai‡bi SzuwU †`Lv‡Z cvIqv hvq| Z‡e ALÛ SzuwU (Single
comb), †Mvjvc SzuwU (Rose comb) Ges gUi SzuwUi (Pea comb) ‡gviM-gyiwM
†ewk †`Lv hvq| mvaviY SzuwU †`‡L †gviM-gyiwM wbY©q Kiv hvq| D‡jøL¨ †h,
†gvi‡Mi SzuwU gyiwMi SzuwU A‡c¶v mvaviYZ eo nq|
2| bvmviÜ« (Nostril): †VuvU I SzuwUi ms‡hvM¯’v‡ji wbKU bv‡Ki wQ`ª i‡q‡Q|
3| †VuvU (Beak): gyiwMi †VuvU AZ¨šÍ k³, `„p Ges gvwU †_‡K km¨KYv Lyu‡U Lvevi
Dc‡hvMx|
4| †PvL (Eye): gyiwMi D¾¡j `ywU †PvL i‡q‡Q| G †PvL †`‡L A‡bK mgq gyiwMi
¯^vfvweK ev A¯^vfvweK Ae¯’v wbY©q Kiv hvq|
5| KY©jwZ (Ear lobe): gyiwMi Kvb ‡_‡K wb‡Pi w`‡K †h cvZjv Pvgov Szj‡Z †`Lv
hvq †mwUB KY©jwZ| jvj, wd‡K jvj Ges mv`v e‡Y©i KY©jwZ †`Lv hvq|
6| Mjvi dzj (Wattle): gyiwMi †Vuv‡Ui wbP †_‡K `ycv‡k †h `y‡Uv jvj i‡Oi big
gvsmwcÛ Szj‡Z †`Lv hvq ‡mwU Mjvi dzj|
7| Wvbv (Wing): gyiwM mvgvb¨ Do‡Z cv‡i| G‡`i Wvbvq Doevi Dc‡hvMx wKQz cvjK
i‡q‡Q| G cvjK‡K cÖv_wgK cvjK e‡j| G cvj‡Ki msL¨v 10wU| Wvbv bv Lyj‡j
G cvjK †`Lv hvq bv| Wvbvi Ab¨vb¨ cvj‡Ki bvg †MŠY cvjK|
K…wl wkÿv-2q cÎ
c„ôv 188
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg
8| †jR (Tail): †gviM-gyiwM Df‡qiB †jR i‡q‡Q| eo n‡j †gvi‡Mi †j‡Ri cvjK
euvKv n‡q wb‡Pi w`‡K Szwj c‡o Ges †`L‡Z Kv‡¯Íi gZ †`Lvq| gyiwMi Giƒc _v‡K
bv| G Kvi‡Y †j‡Ri cv_©K¨ †`‡L †gviM-gyiwM †Pbv hvq|
9| cvqy (Vent): gjg~Î, wWg I ïµ †h wQ`ª c_ w`‡q †ewi‡q Av‡m Zv‡KB †f›U ev cvqy
e‡j|
10| cv (Leg): gyiwMi cv‡qi Dcwifv‡Mi bvg Diy| Zvici nKmw›a Ges c‡ii Ask
cv| gyiwMi GK‡Rvov cv‡qi g‡a¨ cÖwZwU cv‡q PviwU K‡i †QvU eo Av½yj _v‡K|
wPÎ: 12.1.1 GKwU †gvi‡Mi kix‡ii evwn¨K MVb
GKwU †gvi‡Mi kix‡ii (evwn¨K) wewfbœ As‡ki bvg
1| gv_vi SzwU (Comb)
2| P¶z (Eye)
3| bv‡Ki wQ`ª (Nostril)
11| wR‡bi cvjK (Hackle feather)
12| e¶vw¯’ (Breast bone)
13| †MŠY cvjK
(Secondary
feather)
4| †VuvU (Beak)
5| Kv‡bi jwZ (Ear lobe)
6| Mjvi dzj (Wattle)
7| eyK (Chest)
8| wcV (Back)
9| wRb (Saddle)
10| Kv‡¯Í cvjK (Sickle feather)
BDwbU evi
14| Ioevi cvjK (Flight feather)
15| Di“ (Thigh)
16| nuvUy (Hock)
17| cv (Leg)
18| cv‡qi KvUv (Spur)
19| Av½yj (Toe)
20| bL (Claw)
c„ôv 189
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
†gviM-gyiwMi ewnivei‡Yi cv_©K¨
cv_©‡K¨i welq
‡gviM
gyiwM
1| SzuwU
Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e eo
‡QvU
2| Kɯ^i
KK©k
KK©k bq
3| Nv‡oi cvjK
Nv‡oi cvjK j¤^v I
Nv‡oi cvjK ¯^vfvweK
PKP‡K nq †ewk
_v‡K
4| wRb cvjK
‡gvi‡M _v‡K
gyiwM‡Z Mw` cvjK _v‡K
5| Kv‡¯Í cvjK
‡gvi‡M †ek eo nq
eo nq bv
6| cv‡qi KvUv (¯úvi)
‡gvi‡M _v‡K
gyiwM‡Z _v‡K bv
¯^v¯’¨evb I DbœZ Rv‡Zi gyiwMi j¶Y
jvfRbK Lvgv‡ii Rb¨ Aek¨B ¯^v¯’¨evb gyiwMi cÖ‡qvRb| gyiwM ewnivei‡Yi wewfbœ
AskB wb‡`©k K‡i gyiwMwU ¯^v¯’¨evb bv iyMœ| GKwU ¯^v¯’¨evb DbœZ Rv‡Zi gyiwMi
j¶Y¸‡jv wb‡gœ eY©bv Kiv nj1| ¯^v¯’¨evb †gviM-gyiwM †ek kw³kvjx I †gvUv ZvRv n‡e|
2| gv_vi SzuwU I Mjvi dzj Kov jvj †`Lv‡e|
3| gv_vi SzuwUi DcwifvM mgvbfv‡e KvUv _vK‡e Ges cv‡qi bL¸‡jv kw³kvjx
†`Lv‡e|
4| Lv`¨ Øviv cvK¯’jx fwZ© _vK‡e|
5| bvK I gyL cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ _vK‡e|
6| †`‡ni ZvcgvÎv ¯^vfvweK n‡e|
7| †gviM¸‡jv †fvi iv‡Z D”P¯^‡i WvK‡e Ges w`‡bi Ab¨ mg‡q mZK©fv‡e Pjv‡div
K‡e|
8| †Kvb eb¨ RxeRš‘y †`L‡j mv‡_ mv‡_B AvIqvR Ki‡e Ges cvjv‡bvi †Póv Ki‡e|
9| kix‡ii mv‡_ cvLv wg‡j _vK‡e|
10| †jR Lvovfv‡e `uvov‡bv Ae¯’vq _vK‡e|
11| gv_v †MvjvKvi, eo I mg„Y Ae¯’vq _vK‡e|
12| gyiwM †PvL eo, D¾¡j I mZK© _vK‡e|
13| cvjK D¾¡j I myweb¨¯Í _vK‡e|
14| c~Y© eq‡m RvZ I †kªwYi Rb¨ wba©vwiZ IR‡bi n‡e|
15| ¯^v¯’¨evb gyiwM `„pfv‡e `uvov‡e|
cÖ_‡g gv_v †_‡K
cvjK e`jv‡bv ïiy
nq| µgvš^‡q Mjv,
kixi, cvLv I †k‡l
†j‡Ri
cvjK
e`jvq|
gyiwMi kix‡ii cvjK e`jv‡bv
gyiwMi kix‡ii cyivZb cvjK c‡o bZzb cvjK IVvi cÖvK…wZK cÖwKªqv‡K cvjK e`jv‡bv
e‡j| cvjK e`jv‡bv mvaviYZ eQ‡i GKevi nq| Aek¨ Gi e¨wZµgI nq| cÖ_‡g
gv_v †_‡K cvjK e`jv‡bv ïiy nq| µgvš^‡q Mjv, kixi, cvLv I †k‡l †j‡Ri cvjK
e`jvq| Kg Drcv`bkxj gyiwM wbw`©ó mg‡qi c~‡e© ‡gvwës ïiy K‡i Ges †`wi‡Z †kl
K‡i| cÖvq 16 mßvn mgq †bq| fvj Rv‡Zi gyiwM ‡`wi‡Z cvjK e`jv‡bv ïiy K‡i Ges
ZvovZvwo †kl K‡i| cvjK e`jv‡bv cÖvq 6 mßv‡ni g‡a¨B m¤úbœ nq| †ewk wWg †`Iqv
gyiwMi cvjK e`jv‡bvi mgq GKwU cvjK Lmvi Aí mgq c‡iB Av‡iKwU L‡m| G
K…wl wkÿv-2q cÎ
c„ôv 190
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg
Kvi‡Y cvLvi cvjK Ge‡ov †_e‡ov †`Lvq| cvjK e`jv‡bvi Dci wfwË K‡i gyiwM‡K
wZb fv‡M fvM Kiv nq| h_v:
K| `ªyZ cvjK e`jKvix gyiwM (Early moulter): G ai‡bi gyiwMi ˆewk󨸇jv
wbgœiƒct
1| G gyiwM¸‡jv Ryb-AvM÷ gv‡mi cÖ_g w`‡K cvjK e`j K‡i|
2| cvjK e`jv‡Z Zv‡`i 3-4 gvm mgq jv‡M|
3| cvjK e`jv‡bvi ciciB Giv wKQzw`b wekªvg †bq|
4| G mgq wWg Drcv`b eÜ _v‡K|
5| G ai‡bi gyiwMi wWg Drcv`b ¶gZv Lye Kg|
6| Giv GZ Av‡¯Í cvjK e`jvq †h, †evSv hvq bv|
L|
ga¨g cvjK e`jKvix gyiwM (Medium moulter): G ai‡bi gyiwMi
ˆewk󨸇jv wbgœiƒc t
1| G gyiwM¸‡jv AvM÷ gv‡mi †kl w`K †_‡K ïiy K‡i †m‡Þ¤^i gvm ch©šÍ cvjK
e`j K‡i|
2| G me gyiwMi Drcv`b ¶gZv ga¨g ai‡bi|
3| G mgq Pvwn`vgZ cywó w`‡j Gi mnmv Drcv`‡bi wd‡i Av‡m|
M|
wej‡¤^ cvjK e`jKvix gyiwM (Late moulter): G ai‡bi gyiwMi ˆewk󨸇jv
wbgœiƒc t
1| G me gyiwM AvM÷ gvm wKsev AviI c‡i cvjK e`j K‡i|
2| cyivZb cvjK¸‡jv ZvovZvwo c‡o wM‡q bZzb cvjK MRvq| cvjK e`jv‡Z 2
gv‡mi gZ mgq jv‡M|
3| G mgq gyiwM¸‡jv Lye ¯úk©KvZi Ges jvRyK _v‡K|
4| G me gyiwMi wWg Drcv`b ¶gZv †ewk e‡j G‡`i cvjb Kiv jvfRbK|
5| cvjK cov, MRv‡bv I e„w× Lye `ªyZ nq|
6| G ai‡bi gyiwM ZvovZvwo wWg cvovq wd‡i Av‡m|
mvigg©
gyiwMi evwn¨K AveiYB G‡`i Rv‡Zi w`K wb‡`©kbv w`‡q _v‡K| gv_vi SzuwU wewfbœ RvZ
ev DcRv‡Zi gyiwMi †¶‡Î wewfbœ| †KvbUvi SzuwU GKK, †KvbUvi SzuwU gUi `vbvi gZ|
Abyiƒcfv‡e Kv‡bi jwZ, cvjK, Pvgov BZ¨vw` wewfbœ RvZ/DcRv‡Z wewfbœ nq|
jvfRbK Lvgv‡ii Rb¨ Aek¨B ¯^v¯’¨evb gyiwMi cÖ‡qvRb| gyiwM ewnivei‡Yi wewfbœ
AskB wb‡`©k K‡i gyiwMwU ¯^v¯’¨evb bv iyMœ| GKwU ¯^v¯’¨evb DbœZ Rv‡Zi †ek kw³kvjx
I †gvUv ZvRv n‡e| Lv`¨ Øviv cvK¯’jx fwZ© _vK‡e| bvK I gyL cwi®‹vi-cwi”Qbœ
_vK‡e| †`‡ni ZvcgvÎv ¯^vfvweK n‡e, BZ¨vw`| gyiwMi kix‡ii cyivZb cvjK c‡o
bZzb cvjK IVvi cÖvK…wZK cÖwKªqv‡K cvjK e`jv‡bv e‡j| cvjK e`jv‡bv mvaviYZ
eQ‡i GKevi nq| cÖ_‡g gv_v †_‡K cvjK e`jv‡bv ïiy nq| µgvš^‡q Mjv, kixi, cvLv
I †k‡l †j‡Ri cvjK e`jvq| Kg Drcv`bkxj gyiwM wbw`©ó mg‡qi c~‡e© ‡gvwës ïiy
K‡i Ges cÖvq 16 mßvn mgq †bq| fvj Rv‡Zi gyiwM ‡`wi‡Z cvjK e`jv‡bv ïiy K‡i
Ges ZvovZvwo †kl K‡i| cvjK e`jv‡bv cÖvq 6 mßv‡ni g‡a¨B m¤úbœ nq| †ewk wWg
†`Iqv gyiwMi cvjK e`jv‡bvi mgq GKwU cvjK Lmvi Aí mgq c‡iB Av‡iKwU L‡m|
BDwbU evi
c„ôv 191
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
cv‡Vv‡Ëvi g~j¨vqb 12.1
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK wPý (√) w`b
1.
†Kvb cvjK¸‡jv gyiwMi †¶‡Î _v‡K bv?
K| Kv‡¯Í cvjK
L| †MŠY cvjK
M| wR‡bi cvjK
N| g~L¨ cvjK
2.
`ªyZ cvjK e`jKvix gyiwMi cvjK e`jv‡Z KZ gvm mgq jv‡M ?
K| 5-6
L| 3-4
M| 1-2
N| 6-7
3.
wej‡¤^ cvjK e`jKvix gyiwM †Kvb gv‡m cvjK e`jvq?
K| AvM÷
L| GwcÖj
M| †g
N| Ryb
4.
gyiwM‡Z KZwU DošÍ cvjK _v‡K?
K| 10 wU
L| 15 wU
M| 12 wU
N| 8 wU
K…wl wkÿv-2q cÎ
c„ôv 192
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg
cvV 12.2
†cvwëªi †`‡ni Af¨šÍixY MVb: cwicvKZš¿ I cÖRbbZš¿
D‡Ïk¨
G cvV †k‡l Avcwb♦
♦
cwicvKZ‡š¿i wewfbœ Ask¸‡jvi cwiPq Rvb‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
cÖRbbZ‡š¿i wewfbœ Ask¸‡jvi cwiPq Rvb‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
†cvwëªi †`‡ni Af¨šÍi fvM †hme A½Zš¿ wb‡q MwVZ Zv nj- K¼vj Zš¿ (Skeletal
system), †cwkZš¿ (Muscular system), cwicvK Zš¿ (Digestive system), k¦vmZš¿
(Respiratory system), cÖRbb Zš¿ (Reproductive system), i³msenb Zš¿
(Blood Vascular system) Ges mœvqyZš¿ (Nervous system) BZ¨vw`| G cv‡V
‡cvwëªi cwicvKZš¿ I cÖRbbZš¿ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡jv|
†cvwëªi cwicvKZš¿ (Digestive System of Fowl)
Lv`¨ LvIqv †_‡K ïiy K‡i nRg, †kvlY Ges gj Z¨v‡Mi mv‡_ gyiwMi †h Zš¿ RwoZ
_v‡K cwicvKZš¿ ejv nq| gyiwMi cwicvKZš¿ mij cªK…wZi| gyiwMi cwicvKZš¿
mvaviYZ GKwU cwicvKbvjx Ges wKQz cwicvKMÖwš’ wb‡q MwVZ| cwicvKZ‡š¿i wewfbœ
Ask¸‡jvi cwiPq wb‡gœ Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj-
Lv`¨ bvjxi †kl fv‡M
†gvUv, †MvjvKvi I
PIov _wji gZ GKwU
Ask _v‡K ZvB Lv`¨
_wj|
cwicvKbvjx (©Alementary Canal)
GwU GKwU j¤^v bjwe‡kl Ges gy‡Li MnŸi †_‡K ïiy K‡i gjØvi ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z| GwU
wbgœwjwLZ Ask¸‡jv wb‡q MwVZ1| gyL (Mouth): gyiwMi gv_vi m¤§yLfv‡M `yB †Vuv‡Ui gv‡S mvgvb¨ miy duvKv AskB
gyL| gyiwMi †Kvb `uvZ ev †Pvqvj †bB Ges gyLMnŸ‡i jvjv wbtmiY nq bv ej‡jB
P‡j| Giv `yB †VuvU Øviv Lvevi Lyu‡U gy‡L wb‡q c‡i wM‡j †d‡j|
3| Mjwej (Pharynx): gyL MnŸ‡ii †kl fvM‡K Mjwej ejv nq| gyiwMi Mjwej †Zgb
my¯úó bq|
4| Lv`¨bvjx (Oesophagus) : GwU Mjwe‡ji ci †_‡K a‡oi AMÖfvM ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z|
Lv`¨ LvIqvi ci G bvjx w`‡q Lv`¨ a‡oi w`‡K Mgb K‡i|
5| Lv`¨ _wj (Crop): Lv`¨ bvjxi †kl fv‡M †gvUv, †MvjvKvi I PIov _wji gZ GKwU
Ask _v‡K ZvB Lv`¨ _wj| GLv‡b f¶YK…Z Lv`¨ cÖ_‡g Rgv nq Ges Lv`¨e¯y‘
mvgvb¨ big nq| G big nIqv Lv`¨ c‡i cvK¯’jx‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i| Lv‡`¨ c~Y© n‡j
Lv`¨ _wj dy‡j I‡V| G‡Z nvZ w`‡j evB‡i †_‡K Abyfe Kiv hvq|
6| MÖwš’gq cvK¯’jx (Proventriculus): Lv`¨_wji cieZx© Ask nj MÖwš’gq cvK¯’jx|
G‡K Uªy-÷gvK (True stomack) e‡j| hvi †fZi c„ô †_‡K cvPK im wbtm„Z nq
Ges Lv`¨ nRg Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|
BDwbU evi
c„ôv 193
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
¶y`ªv‡š¿
Lv`¨
AMœ¨vk‡qi im Ges
wjfv‡ii
Drcbœ
wcËim Øviv cvwPZ
nq|
hK…Z †`‡ni e„nËg
MÖwš’|
AMœ¨vkq i‡m cÖavbZ
3 cÖKvi RviKim
_v‡K| h_vt wUªcwmb,
GgvB‡jR
Ges
jvB‡cR|
7| wMRvW© ev †clK (Gizzard): PwjZ fvlvq GwU wMjv bv‡g cwiwPZ| GwU cyiy
cÖvPxiwewkó I jvj‡P meyR i‡Oi k³ gvsm‡ckx Øviv MwVZ| GwU †cÖv‡fw›UKzjv‡mi
c‡i Aew¯’Z| †cÖv‡fw›UKzjv‡mi cvPKim wgwkªZ Lv`¨ GLv‡b †f‡½ P~Y©-weP~Y© nq|
wMRv‡W©i Aci Ask ¶y`ªv‡š¿i mv‡_ hy³|
8| ¶z`ªvš¿ (Small intestine): wMRv‡W©i ci †_‡K wmKvg ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z j¤^v
†cŠwóKbvjx‡K ¶z`ªvš¿ e‡j| ¶y`ªvš¿ 3 As‡k wef³| h_v: wWI‡Wbvg, †RRybvg
Ges †k‡li Ask Bwjqvg| wWI‡Wbvg jyc Ges Bwjqvg K‡q‡jii gZ _v‡K|
wWI‡Wbvg jy‡ci g‡a¨ AMœ¨vkq _v‡K| ¶y`ªv‡š¿ Lv`¨ AMœ¨vk‡qi im Ges wjfv‡ii
Drcbœ wcËim Øviv cvwPZ nq| G cvwPZ Lv`¨ im ¶y`ªv‡šÍi cÖvPx‡i †kvwlZ n‡q
i‡³i mv‡_ wg‡k hvq| ¶y`ªv‡šÍi gvsm‡ckx ms‡KvPb I cÖmviY Øviv eR¨©c`v_©
Acmvi‡Y mnvqZv K‡i| ¶y`ªvšÍ cÖvq 75 †m.wg. j¤^v|
9| e„n`vš¿ (Large intestine): wmKv Ges AemviwYi ga¨eZx© AskB nj e„n`vš¿|
gyiwMi ‡¶‡Î G‡K gjvkq ejv nq| gjvkq AemivwY‡Z wM‡q wg‡k|
10| wmKv (Caeca): ¶y`ªvš¿ I e„n`v‡š¿i ms‡hvM¯’‡j 12.5-17.5 †m.wg. j¤^v `ywU
bjvKvi iÜ« _wj _v‡K, hvi bvg wmKv| wmKvi GKcÖvšÍ ¶y`ªv‡š¿i mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K
wKš‘ Ab¨ cÖv‡šÍ †Kvb wQ`ª _v‡K bv| G‡Z mvgwqKfv‡e gj Rgv _v‡K| Avuk RvZxq
Lv`¨‡K cwicvK Ki‡Z G wmKv mvnvh¨ K‡i _v‡K|
11| AemviwY (Cloaca): gjvk‡qi ci miy AskwUi bvg AemviwY| GLv‡b
cwicvKZš¿, g~ÎZš¿ Ges †hŠbZš¿ GK‡Î wgwjZ n‡q‡Q| d‡j G‡Z 3wU wQ`ª †`Lv
hvq| gyiwMi g~Î Ges gj `ywU wQ`ª †_‡K Avjv`vfv‡e †ei n‡q GKmv‡_ wg‡k
Zvici AemviwYi gva¨‡g †`n †_‡K †ei nq|
gyiwMi cwicvKMÖwš’ (Digestive gland of Fowl)
gyiwMi cwicvK MÖwš’ wbgœwjwLZ A½¸‡jv wb‡q MwVZ1| hK…Z (Liver): wMjv I wWI‡Wbv‡gi fuv‡Ri cv‡kB hK…‡Zi Ae¯’vb| hK…Z †`‡ni
e„nËg MÖwš’| GUv †`L‡Z Kvj‡P jvj e‡Y©i †jvehy³| hK…‡Zi `ywU †jve †_‡K
wcËim ˆZwi n‡q `ywU wcËbvjxi gva¨‡g wWI‡Wbv‡gi wb‡Pi As‡k wM‡q Lv`¨`ª‡e¨i
mv‡_ wg‡k| hK…‡Zi Wvbcv‡ki †jve n‡Z m„ó wcËvbvjxwU †gvUv n‡q wcË_wji m„wó
K‡i| G wcË_wj‡Z wcËim Rgv nq| Mvp meyR e‡Y©i G wcËim cÖavbZ Pwe© RvZxq
Lv`¨ cwicv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i|
2| AMœ¨vkq (Pancreas): GwU †`L‡Z nvjKv †Mvjvwc Ges wWI‡Wbv‡gi fuv‡R Aew¯’Z|
AMœ¨vk‡qi mvaviY MÖwš’ n‡Z GKcÖKvi cvPK im †ei nq hv AMœ¨vkq bvjx w`‡q
wWI‡Wbv‡g G‡m D³ Lv‡`¨i mv‡_ wg‡k nR‡g mvnvh¨ K‡i| AMœ¨vkq i‡m cÖavbZ
3 cÖKvi RviKim _v‡K| h_vt wUªcwmb, GgvB‡jR Ges jvB‡cR| G me GbRvBg
h_vµ‡g Avwgl, kK©iv I Pwe© RvZxq Lv`¨`ªe¨ nR‡g mvnvh¨ K‡i|
3| cøxnv (Spleen): hK…‡Zi Kv‡Q †QvU †MvjvKvi I jvj‡P i‡Oi †h MÖwš’ _v‡K Zv‡K
cøxnv e‡j| GwU i‡³i †k¦Z i³KwYKv ˆZwi Ges †jvwnZ i³KwYKv fv½‡Z mnvqZv
K‡i|
K…wl wkÿv-2q cÎ
c„ôv 194
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg
ev”Pv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
cÖ‡qvRb n‡jv Dchy³
wWg|
wPÎ: 12.2.1 GKwU gyiwMi cwicvKZ‡š¿i MVb
†cvwëªi cÖRbbZ‡š¿i cwiPq (Reproductive system)
ciewZ© eskai i¶vi Rb¨ cÖRbb AZ¨šÍ ¸iyZ¡cyb©| gvsm Drcv`‡bi eªqjvi gyiwM Lvgvi,
wWg Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †jqvi Lvgvi wKsev †cvwëªi ev”Pv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cÖRbb I n¨vPvwi
Lvgvi hvB †nvK bv ‡Kb Lvgvi ïiy Kivi cÖ_g kZ© n‡jv fv‡jv ev”Pv| ev”Pv Drcv`‡bi
Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb n‡jv Dchy³ wWg| ZvQvov Avgiv Lvevi wWg Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †jqvi Lvgvi
K‡i _vwK| ev”Pv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨B †nvK wKsev Avgv‡`i Lvev‡ii Rb¨B †nvK wWg
Drcv`b Ki‡Z n‡j ‡cvwëªi cÖRbb Zš¿ m¤ú‡K© fv‡jv avibv _vK‡Z n‡e KviY ‡cvwëªi
cÖRbb Z‡š¿i Af¨šÍ‡i wWg MwVZ nq| wb‡gœ ‡cvwëªi cÖRbb Z‡š¿i wewfbœ Ask wPÎmn
eb©bv Kiv n‡jv|
1| wW¤^vkq (Ovary)
2| wW¤^ Pzw½ (Infundibulum)
K| Mjv (Neck)
L| gyL (Ostium)
4| Bm_gvm (Isthmus)
5| Rivqy (Uterus)
3| g¨vMbvg (Magnum)
7| Aemviwb (Cloaca)
6| †hvwb (Vagina)
wPÎ: 12.2.2 GKwU gyiwMi cÖRbbZ‡š¿i MVb
BDwbU evi
c„ôv 195
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
‡cvwëªi cÖRbbZ‡š¿i wewfbœ As‡ki we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv wW‡gi MVb I cÖwµqv cv‡V
Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| (cvV-12.3)
mvigg©
cÖwZwU Rxe AmsL¨ †Kvl Øviv MwVZ| GKB cÖKvi I Kv‡Ri wKQz msL¨K †Kvl wb‡q
MwVZ nq Kjv| Avevi GKB Kv‡Ri wewfbœ cÖKvi Kjvi mgš^‡q ˆZwi nq A½| Avevi
GKB Kv‡Ri wKQz msL¨K A‡½I mgš^‡q ˆZwi nq Zš¿| ‡cvwëªi †`‡ni Af¨šÍi fvM
†hme A½Zš¿ wb‡q MwVZ Zv nj- K¼vj Zš¿, †cwkZš¿, cwicvK Zš¿, k¦vmZš¿, cÖRbb
Zš¿, i³msenb Zš¿ Ges mœvqyZš¿ BZ¨vw`| Lv`¨ LvIqv †_‡K ïiy K‡i nRg, †kvlY Ges
gj Z¨v‡Mi mv‡_ gyiwMi †h Zš¿ RwoZ _v‡K cwicvKZš¿ ejv nq| gyiwMi cwicvKZš¿
mij cªK…wZi| gyiwMi cwicvKZš¿ mvaviYZ GKwU cwicvKbvjx Ges wKQz cwicvKMÖwš’
wb‡q MwVZ| ev”Pv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb n‡jv wWg| ZvQvov Avgiv Lvevi wWg
Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ †jqvi Lvgvi K‡i _vwK| ev”Pv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨B †nvK wKsev Avgv‡`i
Lvev‡ii Rb¨B †nvK wWg Drcv`b Ki‡Z n‡j ‡cvwëªi cÖRbb Zš¿ m¤ú‡K© fv‡jv aviYv
_vK‡Z n‡e Kvib ‡cvwëªi cÖRbb Z‡š¿i Af¨šÍ‡i wWg MwVZ nq| ciewZ© eskai i¶vi
Rb¨ cÖRbb AZ¨šÍ ¸iyZ¡c~Y©| gvsm Drcv`‡bi eªqjvi gyiwM Lvgvi, wWg Drcv`‡bi Rb¨
†jqvi Lvgvi wKsev †cvwëªi ev”Pv Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ n¨vPvwi Lvgvi hvB †nvK bv ‡Kb Lvgvi
ïiy Kivi cÖ_g kZ© n‡jv fv‡jv ev”Pv|
cv‡Vv‡Ëvi g~j¨vqb 12.2
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK wPý (√) w`b
1.
cwicvKZ‡š¿i KvR bq †KvbwU?
K| nRg
L| †kvlY
M| gj Z¨vM
N| g~Î Z¨vM
2.
wb‡gœi †KvbwU cwicvK MÖwš’ n‡e bv?
K| hK…Z
L| AMϬvkq
M| cøxnv
N| wmKv
3.
wb‡gœi †KvbwU cÖRbbZ‡š¿i Ask bq?
K| wW¤^vkq
L| wW¤^ Pzw½
M| Rivqy
N| wMRvW©
4.
gyiwMi AMœ¨vkq i‡m cÖavbZ KZ cÖKvi RviKim _v‡K?
K| 3
L| 4
M| 2
N| 5
K…wl wkÿv-2q cÎ
c„ôv 196
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg
cvV 12.3
wW‡gi MVb I cwiwPwZ
D‡Ïk¨
G cvV †k‡l Avcwb♦
♦
♦
†QvU eo cÖvq 9003500 wU wW¤^vYy Øviv
wW¤^vkqwU c~Y© _v‡K hv
†`L‡Z A‡bKUv Av½yi
d‡ji ¸‡”Qi gZ|
Bm_v‡mi cwiwa eo
n‡j wWg eo nq Ges
†QvU n‡j wWg †QvU I
j¤^v‡U nq|
wW‡gi MVb cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
wW‡gi wewfbœ Ask¸‡jvi bvg Rvb‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
ev”Pv †dvUv‡bvi wWg wbe©vPb I msi¶Y m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z I wjL‡Z cvi‡eb|
wW‡gi MVb cÖwµqv (Egg Formation Process)
wWg †_‡K ev”Pv †ei nIqvi mgqB cÖwZwU ev”Pv gyiwMi 2wU wW¤^vkq I 2wU wW¤^vkq bvjx
_v‡K| eqm evovi mv‡_ mv‡_ Wvb cv‡ki wW¤^vkq I wW¤^vbvjx A‡K‡Rv n‡Z _v‡K Ges
evg cv‡ki wW¤^vkq I wW¤^bvjx e„w× †c‡q wWg Drcv`b ¶gZv jvf K‡i| †QvU eo cÖvq
900-3500 wU wW¤^vYy Øviv wW¤^vkqwU c~Y© _v‡K hv †`L‡Z A‡bKUv Av½yi d‡ji ¸‡”Qi
gZ| cwicK¡ wW¤^vYy‡K Kzmyg e‡j| GwU cvZjv AveiY Øviv MwVZ| cwicK¡ Kzmyg
cwicK¡ wW‡gi cwiYZ nIqv Rb¨ GKwU bvjvi ga¨ w`‡q KzmygwU‡K AMÖmi n‡Z nq, hv
wW¤^vkq bvjx bv‡g wPwýZ| G bvjxwU wW¤^ Pzw½, g¨vMbvg, Bm_gvm, Rivqy I †hvwb‡Z
wef³| wb‡P gyiwMi cÖRbbZ‡š¿ ev wW¤^bvjxi wewfbœ As‡k wW‡gi MVb cÖwµqvi eY©bv
†`qv nj1| wW¤^ Pzw½: wW¤^vkq †_‡K cwicK¡ Kzmyg GKmgq cvZjv AveiY dvU‡ji gva¨‡g †ei
n‡q Av‡m| G cÖwµqv‡K wW¤^öjb e‡j| G ¶wiZ wWg mvaviY Pzw½‡Z c‡o| hw`
ˆ`evr Pzw½‡Z bv c‡o Z‡e Zv †c‡Ui g‡a¨ c‡o Avi G †c‡Ui g‡a¨ cov‡K
Af¨šÍixY wWg cvov e‡j| G Ae¯’vq gyiwMi wech©q NU‡Z cv‡i| Pzw½wUi AvKvi
cÖvq 11 †m. wg.| GLv‡b Kzmyg 15 wgwbU Ae¯’vb K‡i|
2| g¨vMbvg: Pzw½‡Z cov Kzmyg wW¤^bvjxi †fZi w`‡q Mwo‡q Mwo‡q wb‡Pi w`‡K bvg‡Z
_v‡K Ges g¨vMbv‡g †cŠu‡Q| g¨vMbvg cÖvq 33 ‡m.wg. j¤^v| GLv‡b Kzmyg 3 N›Uv
Ae¯’vb K‡i| G g¨vMbv‡gi †fZi c„ô †_‡K Gjeywgb ev mv`v Ask Kzmy‡gi mv‡_
†hvM nq| G mv`v Ask wewkó Kzmyg wW¤^bvjxi †fZi w`‡q wb‡Pi w`‡K Mwo‡q
Avmvi mgq wW‡gi mv`v Ask cvK †L‡Z _v‡K Ges `yw`‡K 2wU mv`v `woi gZ m„wó
K‡i G‡K P¨v‡jRv e‡j| A‡b‡K G‡K åƒY e‡j fzj K‡i|
3| Bm_gvm: Nb mv`v c`v_© cÖvwßi ci Kzmyg g¨vMbvg Ask †_‡K Bm_gv‡m †cuŠ‡Q|
GUv 10 †m.wg. j¤^v Ges GLv‡b Kzmyg 1 N›Uv 15 wgwbU Ae¯’vb K‡i| GLv‡b
†Lvmvi †fZ‡ii 2wU cvZjv c`©v ms‡hvwRZ nq Ges wW‡gi AvK…wZ wba©vwiZ nq|
Bm_v‡mi cwiwa eo n‡j wWg eo nq Ges †QvU n‡j wWg †QvU I j¤^v‡U nq|
4| Rivqy: wWg µgk Bm_gvm †_‡K Rivqy‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i| †mLv‡bB Kzmy‡gi †fZ‡i
mv`v ¯Íi Ges evB‡ii mv`v ¯Íi ˆZwi nq| Rivqy cÖvq 10.10 †m.wg. j¤^v| GLv‡b
wWg 20 N›Uv 40 wgwbU Ae¯’vb K‡i| AZtci m„wó nq wW‡gi †Lvmv| Rivqy MÖwš’
†Lvmvi Rb¨ c`v_© wbtm„Z K‡i|
BDwbU evi
c„ôv 197
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
GKwU wWg ˆZwi n‡Z
cÖvq 24/25 N›Uv mgq
jv‡M|
5| †hvwb: †hvwbØv‡ii Av‡M ch©šÍ wW‡gi miy w`KUv mvg‡bi w`‡K _v‡K| wKš‘ wWgcvovi
Av‡Mi gyû‡Z© wWgUv Ny‡i hvq Ges †gvUv Ask mvg‡bi w`‡K Av‡m| †hvwb‡Z wWg
cÖvq 30 wgwbU Ae¯’vb K‡i| Gfv‡e m¤ú~Y© GKwU wWg ˆZwi n‡Z cÖvq 24/25 N›Uv
mgq jv‡M| GKwU wWg cvovi wKQz Av‡M ev ciciB Avi GKwU Kzmy‡gi ¶iY N‡U|
Gfv‡e wWg Drcv`b cÖwµqv Pj‡Z _v‡K|
wW¤^bvjxi wewfbœ As‡ki bvg, AvKvi, wW‡gi c~Y©Zv mgq I KvR
wW¤^bvjxi
AvKvi
Mo mgq
KvR
Ask
1. wW¤^Pzw½
9 †mwg
15wgwbU wW¤^vkq †_‡K öwjZ wW¤^vYy ev Kzmyg
aviY K‡i|
2. g¨vMbvg
33†mwg
3N›Uv
GLv‡b Gjeywgb ˆZwi nq|
3. Bm_gvm
10†mwg
†`o N›Uv GLv‡b †Lvmvi †fZ‡ii cvZjv c`©v
ˆZwi nq
4. Rivqy
10-12†mwg
21 N›Uv
GLv‡b wW‡gi k³ †Lvmv ˆZwi nq
5. †hvwb
12†mwg
Avav N›Uv Gi gva¨‡g wWg †ei n‡q Av‡m|
wWg nj GK‡Kvlx
me©e„nr cÖvwY‡Kvl|
wW‡gi wewfbœ Ask (Different parts of Egg)
wWg nj GK‡Kvlx me©e„nr cÖvwY‡Kvl| Avgiv wWg ej‡Z mvaviYZ †Lvmv, Gjeywgb I
Kzmygmn mg¯ÍUv‡KB ey‡S _vwK| gywiMi wWg wewfbœ Rv‡Zi †¶‡Î wewfbœ AvKvi I
IR‡bi nq| GgbwK GKB gyiwMi wWg wewfbœ eq‡m wewfbœ AvKvi I IR‡bi nq| 5065 MÖvg IR‡bi GKwU wW‡gi cÖavb wZbwU Dcv`vb h_vµ‡g (1) wW‡gi †Lvmv I †Lvmvi
AveiY 10% (2) Gjeywgb 60% Ges (3) Kzmyg 30%| eo wW‡g AvbycvwZK nv‡i
Kzmy‡i cwigv‡Y A‡c¶v mv`v Ask †ewk _v‡K|
wW‡gi wewfbœ As‡ki bvg
1| †Lvmv (Shell)
2| †Lvmvi AveiY (Shell memebrane) K. ewn: AveiY
L. †fZ‡ii AveiY
3| evqy‡Kvl (Air cell)
4| cvZjv mv`v Ask (Thin albumen)
5| Nb mv`v Ask (Thick albumen)
6| P¨vjvRv (Chalaza)
7| åƒY ev Rvg© ¯úU (Germ spot)
8| Kzmyg (Mvp) (Thick yolk)
9| Kzmyg AveiY (Yolk membrane)
10| †jwUeªv (Latebra)
11| Kzmyg (nvjKv) (Thin Yolk)
13| wKDwUKj (Cuticle)
K…wl wkÿv-2q cÎ
c„ôv 198
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg
wPÎ: 12.3.1 GKwU gyiwMi wW‡gi wewfbœ Ask
wb‡gœ wW‡gi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Ask¸‡jvi KvR eY©bv Kiv n‡jv-
†Lvmv Ges Kzmy‡gi
gvSLv‡bi duvKv Ask
nj evqy‡Kvl|
1| wW‡gi †Lvmv: GUv me‡P‡q evB‡ii Ges K¨vjwmqvg mg„× k³ AveiYx| evB‡ii
†h‡Kvb AvNvZ †_‡K G AveiY wWg‡K i¶v K‡i|
2| evqy‡Kvl: †Lvmv Ges Kzmy‡gi gvSLv‡bi duvKv Ask nj evqy‡Kvl| GLv‡b evZvm Rgv
_v‡K Ges †fZi-evB‡i evZv‡mi Av`vb cÖ`vb K‡i|
3| G¨vjeywgb: mv`v I wcw”Qj AvVvj RvZxq c`v_©| wm× Kivi ci G Ask Rgv †eu‡a
hvq| G As‡ki gva¨‡g Kzmyg I åƒY Pviw`‡K Nyi‡Z cv‡i|
4| Kzmyg: GUv wW‡gi njy` i‡Oi Ges †MvjvKvi Nb Ask| G‡Z cÖPzi cwigv‡Y Avwgl
we`¨gvb| Gi g‡a¨ åƒY jy°vwqZ _v‡K|
5| P¨vjvRv: Kzmyg I G¨vjeywg‡bi ms‡hvM MÖwš’|
ev”Pv †dvUv‡bvi wWg wbe©vPb (Selection of Hatching Egg)
fvj ¯^v¯’¨evb ev”Pv cvIqvi Rb¨ †dvUv‡bvi wWg wbe©vP‡bi †¶‡Î †h me ¸Yvewj `iKvi
Zv wbgœiƒc-
dvUv
ev
fvOv
†Lvmvwewkó
wWg
†dvUvi Abyc‡hvMx|
1| wWg wbwl³ n‡Z nq| Gi Rb¨ gyiwM‡K †gvi‡Mi ms¯ú‡k© _vK‡Z nq Ges cÖRb‡b
AskMÖnY Ki‡Z nq|
2| wW‡gi AvKvi ¯^vfvweK n‡Z nq| mvaviYZ gvSvwi AvKv‡ii wWg (gyiwM 50-58
MÖvg, nuvm 60-70 MÖvg) †dvUv‡bvi Rb¨ e¨eüZ nq| A¯^vfvweK eo ev †QvU wWg
†dvUv‡bvi Abychy³|
3| AuvKveuvKv, †MvjvKvi, cvZjv †Lvmvhy³ A_ev Agm„Y wWg †dvUv‡bvi Kv‡R e¨envi
Kiv hvq bv|
4| dvUv ev fvOv †Lvmvwewkó wWg †dvUvi Abyc‡hvMx|
BDwbU evi
c„ôv 199
evsjv‡`k Db¥y³ wek¦we`¨vjq
5| Acwi®‹vi wWg †dvUv‡bvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv hvq bv| G wWg †avqv Pj‡e bv, ïay
Kvco ev wkwim KvMR Øviv cwi®‹vi Ki‡Z nq|
6| wW‡gi †fZi Ab¨ c`v_© †hb i‡³i wQUv _vK‡j †dvUv‡bvi Kv‡R e¨envi Kiv hv‡e bv|
7| Mi‡gi w`‡b 3 w`‡bi AwaK Ges kx‡Zi w`‡b 10 w`‡bi AwaK eq‡mi wWg
†dvUv‡bvi Rb¨ Rgv Kiv wVK bq|
8| `~ieZx© ¯’vb †_‡K wWg Avb‡j Zv wKQz mgq Qvqv‡Z †i‡L c‡i †dvUv‡bvi Rb¨ emv‡Z
n‡e|
9| cÖRbb Lvgv‡ii gyiwMi wWg ev”Pv †dvUv‡bvi Rb¨ wbe©vPb Kiv fvj|
ev”Pv †dvUv‡bvi Rb¨ wWg msi¶Y (Preservation of Hatching Egg)
ev”Pv †dvUv‡bv wWg
msi¶‡Y Rb¨ 50-55
dv. Zvc wbqwš¿Z
¯’v‡b wWg ivLv fvj|
ev”Pv †dvUv‡bv Dc‡hvMx wWg msi¶‡Yi c×wZ wb‡P Av‡jvPbv Kiv nj1| ev”Pv †dvUv‡bv wWg msi¶‡Y Rb¨ 50-550 dv. Zvc wbqwš¿Z ¯’v‡b wWg ivLv fvj|
ZvQvov N‡ii †h ¯’vbwU AwaK VvÛv †mLv‡b wWg Rgv ivLv hvq| G ai‡bi wWg‡K
60-70% Av‡cw¶K Av`ª©Zvq msi¶Y Ki‡Z nq|
2| msi¶‡Yi mgq wW‡gi †gvUv Ask Dc‡ii w`‡K ivL‡Z nq| KviY †gvUv As‡k
Aew¯’Z evqy †Kv‡li gva¨‡g wW‡gi †fZi evZv‡mi Av`vb cÖ`vb nq, d‡j wWg fvj
_v‡K|
3| wWg msi¶Y Kv‡j wWg¸‡jv‡K cÖwZw`b Dwë‡q w`‡Z nq| G‡Z wWg fvj _v‡K|
4| wW‡g †hb SuvwK ev AvNvZ bv jv‡M †mB w`‡K j¶¨ ivLv `iKvi|
mvigg©
wWg †_‡K ev”Pv †ei nIqvi mgqB cÖwZwU ev”Pv gyiwMi 2wU wW¤^vkq I 2wU wW¤^vkq bvjx
_v‡K| eqm evovi mv‡_ mv‡_ Wvb cv‡ki wW¤^vkq I wW¤^vbvjx A‡K‡Rv n‡Z _v‡K Ges
evg cv‡ki wW¤^vkq I wW¤^bvjx e„w× †c‡q wWg Drcv`b ¶gZv jvf K‡i| †QvU eo cÖvq
900-3500 wU wW¤^vYy Øviv wW¤^vkqwU c~Y© _v‡K| cwicK¡ Kzmyg cwicK¡ wW‡g cwiYZ
nIqvi Rb¨ GKwU bvjvi ga¨ w`‡q KzmygwU AMÖmi nq, hv wW¤^vkq bvjx bv‡g wPwýZ| G
bvjxwU wW¤^ Pzw½, g¨vMbvg, Bm_gvm, Rivqy I †hvwb‡Z wef³| Avgiv wWg ej‡Z
mvaviYZ †Lvmv, Gjeywgb I Kzmygmn mg¯ÍUv‡KB ey‡S _vwK| gyiwMi wWg wewfbœ Rv‡Zi
†¶‡Î wewfbœ AvKvi I IR‡bi nq| GgbwK GKB gyiwMi wWg wewfbœ eq‡m wewfbœ AvKvi
I IR‡bi nq| wW‡gi cÖavb wZbwU Dcv`vb h_vµ‡g (1) †Lvmv I †Lvmvi AveiY 10%
(2) Gjeywgb 60% Ges (3) Kzmyg 30%| eo wW‡g AvbycvwZK nv‡i Kzmy‡i cwigvY
A‡c¶v mv`v Ask †ewk _v‡K| ev”Pv †dvUv‡bvi wWg AwZ hZœmnKv‡i wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e
Ges h_vh_fv‡e msi¶Y Ki‡Z n‡e|
K…wl wkÿv-2q cÎ
c„ôv 200
GBPGmwm †cÖvMÖvg
cv‡Vv‡Ëvi g~j¨vqb 12.3
mwVK Dˇii cv‡k wUK wPý (√) w`b
1.
ev”Pv †dvUv‡bv wWg msi¶‡Y Rb¨ KZ ZvcgvÎv Dchy³?
K| 50-55 dv.
L| 40-45 dv.
M| 60-65 dv.
N| 70-75 dv.
2.
wW¤^Pzw½‡Z KZ¶b Kzmyg Ae¯’vb K‡i?
K| 10 wgwb
L| 15 wgwbU
M| 5 wgwbU
N| 20 wgwbU
3.
gvSvwi AvKv‡ii gyiwMi wW‡gi IRb KZ?
K| 40-45 MÖvg
L| 35-40 MÖvg
M| 60-65 MÖvg
N| 50-58 MÖvg
4.
m¤ú~Y© GKwU wWg ˆZwi n‡Z cÖvq KZ N›Uv mgq jv‡M?
K| 24/25
L| 35/40
M| 60/65
N| 50/55
P‚ovšÍ g~j¨vqb -BDwbU-12
iPbvg~jK cÖkœt
1|
gyiwMi †`‡ni evwn¨K MVb eY©bv Kiæb|
2|
†cvwëªi cwicvKZ‡š¿i MVb eY©bv Kiæb|
3|
wW‡gi MVb cÖwµqv eY©bv Kiæb|
4|
GKwU wW‡gi wewfbœ As‡ki eY©bv Kiæb|
5|
ev”Pv †dvUv‡bvi wWg wbev©Pb I msiÿY m¤ú‡K© eY©bv Kiæb|
mswÿß cªkœt
1|
GKwU †gvi‡Mi kix‡ii (evwn¨K) As‡ki bvg wjLyb|
2|
†gviM I gyiMxi ewnivei‡Yi cv_©K¨ wjLyb|
3|
GKwU gyiMxi cwicvKZ‡š¿i wPÎ AsKb Kiæb|
4|
GKwU gyiMxi cÖRbbZ‡š¿i wPÎ AsKb Kiæb|
5|
†hvbx Kx? †hvbxi KvR wjLyb|
BDwbU evi
c„ôv 201