uendel sTivensoni

2008, #40
fasi 7 lari
ivlisi,
uendel sTivensoni
eqskluzivi: nawyveti wignidan `mdogvis marcvlis wona~
giorgi maisuraZe
niko inasariZe da ana arganaSvili
nino Wubabria da alixanianis 5
interviuebi:
olivie miSeli
daviT usufaSvili
daviT darCiaSvili
komentarebi:
ori dasavleTi / mark maleni
BACK IN THE USSR / lela gafrindaSvili
kanis kinofestivali
avtori giorgi gvaxaria
literatura
adolfo bioi kasaresi
tomas venclova
iv bonua
giorgi lobJaniZe
paskal rober-diari
mobrZandiT da daazRvieT sakuTari qoneba!
Tqven ukve iciT, rom `aldagi bisiai~ pirveli kompania iyo,
romelic 2005 wlidan sacalo bazarze Sevida da dazRvevis
yvela saxeobaSi axali produqtebi Seqmna. gamomdinare
iqidan,
rom
qonebis
dazRvevis
sacalo
proceduris gavlis Semdeg, icodeT, rom Tqveni axali an,
gnebavT, Zveli saxli, Tanabrad daculi iqneba.
dRes bevr ojaxs aqvs agaraki, xis koteji... swored maTma
produqtebze
simravlem ubiZga kompanias `xis saxlis~ Seqmnisaken. Tanac
moTxovna gaizarda, kompaniac Sesabamisad cdilobs qonebis
imis gamo, rom saqarTveloSi qonebis dazRvevis msgavsi
dazRvevis axali produqtebis inovaciuri seriebi Seqmnas,
produqti ar arsebobda, sadazRvevo bazarze SesaZloa
romlebic Tqven, mis momxmareblebs, saSualebas mogcemT
yvelaze riskian produqtadac ki CaiTvalos. am polisis
daazRvioT bina, saxli, agaraki, remonti Tu Zvirfaseuloba,
SeZenisas kompania anazRaurebs yvela SesaZlo zarals, rac
TqvenTvis sasurveli da xelmisawvdomi paketiT. Tanac
ki SesaZlebelia daudges dasazRvev obieqts. am produqtis
ise, rom dazRvevis gamartivebulma proceduram droc
upiratesoba imaSia, rom `xis saxlis~ dazRveva SesaZlebelia
dagizogoT da energiac. dResdReobiT qonebis dazRveva
im SemTxvevaSic, Tu saxli dausaxlebelia Tundac erTi
kompaniisTvis erT-erTi prioritetuli, momxmareblisTvis
wlis ganmavlobaSi.
ki aqtualuri produqti gaxda. Tanac `aldagi bisiai~
morigi siaxle `Cemi ezo~ gaxlavT, romelic 1950 wlidan
qonebis dazRvevas ukve mTeli saqarTvelos masStabiT
aSenebuli saxlebis dazRvevas iTvaliswinebs. Tuki gaqvT
axorcielebs.
kerZo saxli, imis miuxedavad, is TbilisSia Tu mis farglebs
rebrendingis
farglebSi
ki
kompania
sadazRvevo produqtebis ganaxlebasa da axali produqtebis
gareT,
danergvas iwyebs. 2008 wlis bolomde arsebuli sadazRvevo
gaxsovdeT,
portfeli ganaxldeba da kompania momxmarebels bevr
gankuTvnili. faqtia, rom vilebsa da agarakebs riskis
siaxles SesTavazebs.
dadgomis albaTobac maRali aqvT. amitom, TavisTavad, am
es, rac Seexeboda qonebis dazRvevis zogad mimoxilvas,
intensiurad
rom
es
iyenebT
Tu
produqti
mxolod
sezonurad,
swored
TqvenTvisaa
tipis dazRvevac erT-erTi logikuri moTxovna unda iyos.
ufro konkretulad ki, icodeT, rom `aldagi bisiais~ qonebis
Tuki Tqveni bina Zvirfasi nivTebis mravalferovnebiT
sacalo dazRvevis sxvadasxvagvari produqtebi gaaCnia.
gamoirCeva, drosTan erTad maTi Rirebulebac matulobs.
erT-erTi _ `axali bina~ 1998 wlidan aSenebul Senobebs
amitom, Sesabamisad izrdeba maTi dazianebis, qurdobisa Tu
azRvevs. eqspres dazRvevis am saxeobiT, warmoidgineT, rom
yaCaRobis riskic. amitomac amgvari nivTebis dasazRvevad
sakuTar binas yovelgvari daTvalierebisa da fotoebis
`aldagi bisiaim~ qonebis dazRvevis kidev erTi produqti
gadaRebis gareSe daazRvevT. dazRvevis gamartivebul
`Antique~ Semoitana. es axali produqtic sayuradReboa, roca
proceduras ki fasic martivi aqvs: 1 kvadratuli metri 1
sayvareli da ZviradRirebuli nivTebis dacva gsurT. Tanac,
dolarad. `axali bina~ binis SigTavsis, remontis, mobiluri
Zvirfaseulobis dazRvevis Rirebuleba wliurad sadazRvevo
eleqtroteqnikisa da avejis dazRvevas iTvaliswinebs.
Tanxis
Tanac aveji dazRveuli marto Tqvens binaSi ar iqneba,
sadazRvevo Tanxa airCioT (mag.: Zvirfasi samkaulebis $ 5000
gadaadgilebis an transportirebis drosac SegiZliaT
Rirebulebis SemTxvevaSi, gadaixdiT wliur sadazRvevo premias
mSvidad iyoT. Tqveni moZravi qoneba, yvela SesaZlo
mxolod $75-s). Zvirfaseulobis dazRveva moicavs nebismier
riskisagan dazRveuli iqneba.
Zvirfas nivTs, iqneba es: samkaulebi, antikvaruli nivTebi,
1,5%-s
Seadgens.
SegiZliaT
TqvenTvis
misaRebi
getyviT imasac, rom `aldagi bisiais~ morigi produqti
xelovnebis nimuSebi, skulpturebi, xaliCebi, arqiteqturuli
_ `Cemi bina~ 1998 welze adre aSenebul binebsa da Senobebs
naxazebi Tu sxva saxis koleqciebi. saerTod gaxsovdeT, rom
azRvevs. erT-erTi aseve yvelaze mniSvnelovani produqti
erTaderTi, rac Tqven gevalebaT, kompaniis SemoTavazebiT
`Zveli qalaqi~ ki meTvramete saukuneSi agebuli Senobebis
daintereseba gaxlavT, Torem sasurveli Sedegis misaRwevad
dazRvevas
uZvelesi
iTvaliswinebs.
kulturis
es
nimuSebs
novatoruli
produqti
grZel rigSi dgoma da ramdenime instanciis gavla namdvilad
sadazRvevo
riskisagan
ar dagWirdebaT.
azRvevs. albaT ucxo aravisTvisaa, rom maRali riskis gamo,
Tuki
aqamde saqarTvelos bazarze Zveli Senobebis dazRveva ar
nu daayovnebT, qonebis dazRvevis axali produqtebis
xdeboda. `aldagi bisiaim~ ki swored aseTi riskis qveS myofi
seriebidan airCieT TqvenTvis sasurveli sadazRvevo polisi
`Zveli qalaqis~ dazRveva SemogTavazaT. isic cnobilia,
da dazogeT sakuTari qoneba! zedmeti ganmartebebiT rom
rom qonebriv risks Senobis asaki ar gansazRvravs, dacvas
ar gadagRaloT, mxolod erT sasargeblo rCevas mogcemT:
Zveli da axali saxlic Tanabrad saWiroebs, amitom martivi
qoneba kargia, magram dazRveuli qoneba _ ufro!
dagainteresaT
`aldagi
bisiais~
SemoTavazebam,
Tbilisi, rusTavelis 50; tel.: +995 32 983068; faqsi: +995 32 920850; www.zegna.com
64
34
№
40
ivlisi
16
redaqtoris werili
18
Cveni avtorebi
22
kult-mimoxilva
30
Semosuli werilebi
gendalfi prezidentad!
avtori:
34
aqcenti
bebiacaa da bebiac
avtori:
88
36
nikoloz laliaSvili
ana korZaia-samadaSvili
komentarebi
ori dasavleTis ambavi
avtori: mark maleni
inglisuridan Targmna rusiko amirejibma
40
74
BACK IN THE USSR
avtori:
46
interviuebi
Jurnalisti qarTul niusrumSi
olivie miSeli
avtori:
52
nino beqiSvili
modernizaciis samsaxurSi
daviT darCiaSvili
avtori:
10 cxeli Sokoladi
nino lomaZe
respublikelebis dilema
daviT usufaSvili
avtori:
58
lela gafrindaSvili
Sorena SaverdaSvili
114
126
64
werili kanidan
sasacilod araa saqme
avtori:
74
interviu
interviu uendel sTivensonTan
avtori:
82
giorgi gvaxaria
kaxa Tolordava
nawyveti wignidan
mdogvis marcvlis wona
avtori: uendel sTivensoni
inglisuridan Targmna kaxa Tolordavam
88
istoria
niko inasariZe da ana arganaSvili
niko da ana
avtori:
92
giorgi maisuraZe
gzad Tavisuflebisaken
avtori:
alixanianis 5
114
parizuli Canawerebi
avtori:
aka morCilaZe
ho - sicocxles!
avtori: lana RoRoberiZe
122
uaxlesi istoria
iyo da ara iyo ra
avtori:
126
134
daTo turaSvili
cremliani saTvale
wilnayaria RmerTTana. 2004
avtori:
giorgi gvaxaria
erTxel in jorjia
Jizneni aerobika
avtori:
12 cxeli Sokoladi
nino beqiSvili
104
122
104
nino beqiSvili
aka morCilaZe
mTavari redaqtori
Sorena SaverdaSvili
aRmasrulebeli redaqtori
nino lomaZe
art-redaqtori
giorgi nadiraZe
redaqtor-stilisti
nino beqiSvili
koreqtori
nino saiTiZe
nomerze muSaobdnen
ana korZaia-samadaSvili, Tamar babuaZe, salome kikaleiSvili, lana RoRoberiZe,
mark maleni, nino lomaZe, giorgi gvaxaria, daTo turaSvili, aka morCilaZe, lela
gafrindaSvili, Sorena SaverdaSvili, kaxa Tolordava, maia cecaZe, nino beqiSvili
foto
daviT mesxi, levan xerxeuliZe, qeTo caava
ilustracia
maia sumbaZe, levan mindiaSvili
dizaini
Tornike lorTqifaniZe, kaxa doliZe
sazogadoebasTan urTierToba
lela SubiTiZe
sareklamo da gayidvebis samsaxuris ufrosi
nestan avaliani
reklamis ganTavseba
Sps `msa Tbilisi~, faliaSvilis q. 108
tel./faqsi: 91 23 26
el-fosta: [email protected]
garekanze: uendel sTivensoni
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
distribucia
zviad Sengelia
gamomcemeli
`cxeli Sokoladi~, `kino-cxeli Sokoladi~, `ozoni~, `biznesi-adamianebi, meTodebi,
strategiebi~, `dialogi~, `Tibisi da Tibiselebi~.
Sps `em fabliSingi~, Tbilisi 0105, faliaSvilis q. 108,
tel./faqsi: 91 23 26
el-fosta: [email protected]
stamba
Sps `sezani~, Tbilisi, wereTlis gamz. 140
tel.: 35 70 02
el-fosta: [email protected]
Jurnali gamodis 2004 wlis 25 dekembridan
© “M Publishing” saavtoro uflebebi daculia.
JurnalSi gamoqveynebuli masalebis nawilobrivi
an mTliani gamoyeneba akrZalulia.
www.shokoladi.com
14 cxeli Sokoladi
redaqtoris werili
ramdenime dRis win pirvelad gavacnobiere, ras niSnavs cxovrobde XXI saukuneSi da CemTvis swored
axla, 2008 wels daiwyo axali, sruliad axleburi da fantastikuri epoqa kacobriobis istoriaSi.
ganviTarebuli msoflios periferiaSi yofna, etyoba, mainc anelebs drois SegrZnebas, magram es
`CamorCena~ ufro met dros gitovebs momavlis introspeqciisaTvis da momavalSi mogzaurobas da mis
aRqmas sxvebze swrafad axerxeb. es imitom, rom aq momavali avtomaturad ar gejaxeba da stiqiuri
ubedurebasaviT ar gatydeba Tavs. is mxolod maSin iwyeba, roca amas Tavad gadawyvet. momavali dgeba
maSin, roca asparezad TiToeul Sens xelT arsebul wams ixdi, roca drois marTvas Tavad iwyeb da ucxo
landSaftis ar geSinia.
mokled, XXI saukune, ramdenadac is me warmovidgine (da didi eWvi maqvs, bevrma sxvamac), aris kreatiuli
ideebis, inteleqtualuri biznesis da inovaciurad moazrovne adamianebis saukune, mecnierebisa da
teqnologiebis ganviTarebis saukune, garemoze zrunvis, bunebrivi resursebis optimalurad gamoyenebis
da alternatiuli energiis wyaroebze momuSave kompaniebis saukune. is, rac XX saukuneSi marginaluri
iyo, XXI-Si meinstrimi gaxdeba; tradiciuli komunikaciis mediumebs Caanacvlebs axali internetmediumebi; popularuli memarjvene politikuri diskursi Seicvleba memarcxene diskursiT, patriarqati
_ matriarqatiT, militarizms Caanacvlebs pacifizmi, faSizms _ humanizmi, konformizms _ anarqizmi da
ase Semdeg. saerTodac, SesaZloa saukunis bolos am `izmebmac~ aRar iarsebos da TiToeuli adamiani,
yovelgvari krebiTi saxelebisagan Tavisufal, sruliad unikalur egzemplarad ganixilebodes. es
yvelaferi im SemTxvevaSi, Tu kacobriobis evolucias es planeta gauZlebs da `kaci bWobda, RmerTi
icinodaos~ principiT, isev am hipostazSi ganvagrZobT arsebobas.
jerjerobiT ki, ager, amerikis prezidentobisa da vice-prezidentobisaTvis barak obama da hilari
qlinToni ibrZvian, rac TavisTavad cvlis Zalauflebis tradiciul paradigmas. am saukuneSi albaT
hegemonebic Seicvlebian _ CineTi ufro da ufro moqnilad midis win da xdeba msoflios ekonomikuri
tendenciebis ganmsazRvreli. nel-nela ukve azia ukiTxavs dasavleTs leqciebs ganviTarebis axlebur
modelebze.
mokled, es yvelaferi ukve momavali ki ara, Cveni awmyoa.
rac ufro male gavacnobierebT yovelwamierad cvalebad realobas Cven garSemo, rac ufro globalurad
viazrovnebT, miT ufro male da efeqturad gavxdebiT am cvlilebebis ara momxmareblebi, aramed
Semoqmedebi. amaze saxaliso da saintereso ki, marTlac, araferia.
ho, cxadia, netar arian morwmuneni.
P.S. ra amis pasuxia da, amieridan `kino~ or TveSi erTxel gamova. samwuxarod, qarTuli kinoindustria
Cvens yovelTviur reJims ver uwyobs fexs. kinoJurnals ki ar unda sul ucxour kinoambebze weros.
mogvwereT, gagvixardeba.
[email protected]
Sorena SaverdaSvili
16 cxeli Sokoladi
Tbilisi . G.Tabidze Sreet 3/5 . (032) 99 08 18. 995 99 93 12 14
Cveni avtorebi
nino beqiSvili
da Tu TiToeul CvenTagans eqneba weliwadSi
xuTasi funti da da sakuTari oTaxi...
virjinia vulfi
sakuTari oTaxica da xuTasi funtic dResac iseve aqtualuria, rogorc 70
wlis win, roca virjinia vulfi `sakuTar oTaxs~ werda da kacobriobis erTi
naxevrisTvis meore naxevris Tanasworuflebianobis damtkicebas cdilobda.
sakuTari oTaxi swored ganmartoebis, sakuTar fiqrebTan marto darCenis
uflebas gulisxmobs da erTnairad gvWirdeba yvelas, qalebsac da mamakacebsac. es, marTlac, nebismieri adamianis uflebaa, magram arian bednierebic _
isini, vinc sakuTari oTaxSi raRac mniSvnelovans iwyeben. adamianebi, vis Sesaxebac `cxeli Sokoladis~ am nomerSi
giyvebiT, am privatuli sivrcidan sajaro sivrceSi sxvadasxvaniarad wardgebian. niko inasariZe da giorgi maisuraZe mecnierebi arian. giorgi germaniaSia da iqidan gvexmianeba _ uaxles istorias da qarTul kulturas ikvlevs.
niko axla espaneTSia da ras akeTebs, es Zalian cota gandobilma Tu icis, aseTi elitaruli saqme aqvs _ abstraqtuli maTematika. ana arganaSvili ki pirveli qalia, vis Sesaxebac momiwia TqvenTvis momeTxro. ise moxda, Cemi
respondentebi aqamde, sul mamakacebi iyvnen. statias rom waikiTxavT, anas profesiaze maSin gaigebT. aq ki imas
getyviT, rom iSviaTad Semxvedria aseTi xalasi da energiuli adamiani, visac ar eSinia iyos pirveli da Secdomebi
dauSvas. sjera, mis Secdomebze sxvebi ukeT iswavlian.
da, mainc, mgonia, rom yvelaferi sakuTari oTaxidan iwyeba...
salome kikaleiSvili
yvelaze metad imaze meSleboda nervebi, rom cisferi viyavi da ara
vardisferi. ara, Barby Girl arafer SuaSia, kanis kinofestivalze vlaparakob, sadac yoveldRiuri gamocemis Jurnalistebi kiserze vardisfer
akreditacaCamokidebulebi dadiodnen, da, ra Tqma unda, yvelgan pirvelebi Sediodnen, xolo Cven, cisfrebi _ isaa, adgilebi darCa, SemouSvi
egenic... amitom, kanSi yofnisas erTaderTi ocneba mqonda _ vardisferi
vyofiliyavi da `egenSi~ ramenairad movxvedriliyavi xolme. kinodarbazTan wamoWimul uSvelebel rigSi, jer iyo da, lamis erTi saaTiT
adre vdgebodi, mere `mag egenSi~ Tu movxvdebodi, darbazSi Sevdiodi
da, rogorc wesi, umetes SemTxvevaSi, 15-20 wuTSi, ha, ha, naxevar saaTSi
vtovebdi darbazs. ra vqna, ver mogatyuebT, wels kans aSkarad Zalian
susti sakonkurso programa hqonda. saqmes xom verc vendersma uSvela,
romlis filmSi marto forTiSelis musika vargoda, verc filip garelma
gagvaxara da arno depleSinis filmidan 30 wuTSi gamosuli, marto imaze vfiqrobdi, Zalian etkina Tu ara saxe im kacs,
filmSi, asfalts mTeli siZlieriT rom daaskda... Tumca, jobs meti aRar gavagrZelo da kanis kinofestivalTan dakavSirebiT Cemi aRSfoTebebi Tu aRfrTovanebebi, kinos agvisto-seqtembris nomerSi gagiziaroT. radgan, ramdenic ar unda afrialoT da bertyoT uendel sTivensonis ydiani `cxeli Sokoladis~ es nomeri, Signidan mainc ar gadmovardeba `kino~. ratom?
imitom, rom Jurnali `kino~ solidarobas ucxadebs erovnul, qarTul kinematografs da uars ambobs, sakuTari furclebi
mxolod ucxouri ambebiT gaavsos. ar gjeraT? unda damijeroT, imas xom ar gimtkicebT, Cemi svetis es foto kanSi, gagania
festivalis dros aris-meTqi gadaRebuli...
raa? ho, bangladeSia, bangladeSi, erT-erTi tbiani sofeli.
18 cxeli Sokoladi
Cveni avtorebi
daTo turaSvili
saprezidento arCevnebis Semdeg TbilisSi CamobrZanebuli xose karerasis koncertis dawyebamde ramdenime wuTiT adre imave loJis kari,
sadac laSa buRaZe ijda, levan TarxniSvilma SeaRo. qalaqSi, sadac
nebismier koncertze erTi da igive xalxis dadis, ra gasakviria, rom
esenic erTsa da imave loJaSi aRmoCeniliyvnen da laSa buRaZem ceskos
Tavmjdomaris danaxvisas xmamaRla, demonstraciulad warmoTqva sabraldebo fraza:
_ mTavari gamyalbebelic mosula!
TaRliTma levan TarxniSvilma araTu ar uaryo mis mimarT wayenebuli usaSinlesi braldeba, aramed sruliad moulodneli pasuxi gasca
gaRimebul buRaZes:
_ arCevnebi rom ar gameyalbebina, axla karerasis ki ara, ucnobis koncertze ijdebodio...
laSam es ambavi axlaxan (ramdenime Tvis dagvianebiT) miambo da maSinve cxonebuli nodar dumbaZe gamaxsenda, romelic erT
uCveulo ambavs, Turme Zalian xSirad yveboda xolme.
sadRac ukacrielisken mimavalma geologebis eqspediciam tvirTis gadasazidad Turme viri SeiZina da roca tvirTi daabinaves da
viri aRar dasWirdaT, ra vqnaTo, _ Sewuxebulebi dafiqrdnen. magram Turme didxans ar ufiqriaT da is viri im saRamosve dakles
im mizeziT _ viri rom gavuSvaT, am Ramesve am sacodavs mgeli SeWamso.
uaRresad humanurma geologebma mglebis SesaWmelad sawyali viri verafriT gaimetes da TviTonve mokles. sinamdvileSi mokles
da ara dakles, rogorc vambobT xolme, radgan realoba, Tuki is marTla arsebobs, gacilebiT sastikia, vidre Cven gvgonia...
kaxa Tolordava
`ar mjera, rom Cemgan intervius iReb, me ki, ai, ase vzivar da yvelafer amas vifereb!~ _ uendel sTivensoni am sityvebs mTeli Cveni saubris dros mantrasaviT imeorebda. me misi mesmis. Cven ukve Zalian
didi xnis kargi megobrebi varT. erTmaneTi jer kidev im dros gavicaniT, rodesac TbilisSi arc
Suqi iyo da arc xaverdovani ganwyoba. Cemma megobarma mTxova, erTi ingliseli gogo gamomigzavnes
stumrad da iqneb, daelaparakoo. SevxvdiT da davilaparakeT. mas Semdeg ise davaxlovdiT, rom misi
pirveli wignis `istoriebi, romelic movipare~ erT-erTi personaJic ki gavxdi. uendi am wigns swored
im `bnel~ periodSi werda, rodesac TbilisSi cxovrobda. sanTlebi Tu uTavdeboda da gareT gasvla
ezareboda, patara farani eWira xolme kbilebiT da ise agrZelebda weras. ise, visac misi aqauri Tavgadasavlebis Sesaxeb metis gageba surs: a) Tu inglisuri icis, wavides `prosperos~ wignis maRaziaSi da
iyidos misi “Stories I Stole” an b) Tu `uenoa~, Causafrdes vinme qarTvel gamomcemels da ZaliT aiZulos am wignis Targmna/gamocema qarTul enaze, Tundac imitom, rom erTaderTi ufleba, rac uendim
TavisTvis daitova pirveli, `qarTuli~ wignis Semdeg isaa, rom misi aq gamocemis yvela SesaZlebeli
ufleba mis xelTaa. teqstis xarisxze Sesaval svetSi saubari, ubralod, araa saWiro. igive gaakeTa man
Tavis meore, `erayul~ wignTan dakavSirebiT, romelzec am ukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi muSaobda
da romelic damTavrebisTanave, bevri vaWrobis gareSe, misma ingliselma da amerikelma gamomcemlebma SeiZines. Tu am inkarnaciaSi Tqveni ZiriTadi saqmianoba literaturaa, nu SemekiTxebiT, ramdens uxdian. minimum orkviriani depresia garantirebuli gaqvT! mokled, uendim axali wigni dawera, gayida da pirveli, rac
aRebuli avansiT moimoqmeda, isaa, rom erTi bileTi Tbilisis mimarTulebiT iyida da samwliani pauzis Semdeg isev dabrunda
qalaqSi, romelic uyvars. aq ki me davxvdi da arcTu ise didi xnis Sebmis Semdeg vaiZule, Cveni JurnalisTvis jer interviu
moeca, mere ki _ axali wignidan erT-erTi Tavis Targmnis da misi qarTulad gamoqveynebis ufleba. `momklaven, rom gamigon!~ _ icinoda Cveni saubris dros. verafersac ver uzamen, radganac am SemTxvevaSic, wignis saqarTveloSi gamocemis yvela
ufleba isev TavisTvis daitova. rodesac uendi Tbilisidan wavida, davjeqi da mxolod amis Semdeg wavikiTxe mTlianad es
wigni. mere Cems Teqvsmeti wlis Svils davureke moskovSi da vuTxari, kargi iqneba, TbilisSi rom Camoxval, Tu CemTan erTad
dajdebi da am wigns waikiTxav-meTqi. mere ki, didxans vijeqi da vfiqrobdi, romel gamomcemels davsxmodi Tavs. ra Tqma unda,
gadawyvetileba miviRe. ra Tqma unda, gvars ar getyviT. dainteresebulebs, gTxovT, damikavSirdeT. uendis axali wignis erTaderTi asli saqarTveloSi CemTan inaxeba.
20 cxeli Sokoladi
kult-mimoxilva
mravalprofiliani art-galerea TqvenTvis!
Tuki uCveulo aqsesuarebs, avejs, an Tundac sivrcis gasaformeblad
dekoratiul nivTebs eZebT, icodeT, rom TbilisSi aris ukve aseTi adgili,
sadac dasavlur-aRmosavluri kulturis gavleniT Seqmnil originalur
nivTebs gadaawydebiT. leseliZis 6 nomerSi, diumas quCis kuTxeSi mdebare
`dizain galerim~ axalsaxloba ukve izeima da modiT, erT-or sityvas am
axladgaxsnil galereaze getyviT. adre, `noma studiad~ cnobilma saxelosnom
(nino lipartelianisa da maka tabataZis xelmZRvanelobiT), gafarToebis mizniT,
guga kotetiSvilTan erTad `art-dizain galerea~ daafuZna. ganaxlebuli
SemadgenlobiT da Secvlili profiliT samuSao starti energiulad aiRes
da mudmivmoqmedi, mravalprofiliani galerea daaarses. ufro martivad rom
agixsnaT, getyviT, rom amieridan, galereis dizainerebi originaluri xelovnebis
nimuSebs intensiurad warmogvidgenen.
baliSebi, sufrebi, sawolis gadasafareblebi, dekoratiuli naturmortebi,
guga kotetiSvilis tradiciulad rkinis faqturis aveji, CanTebi, originaluri
qisebi... mokled, aq yvelaferia saxlisaTvis da, rac mTavaria _ xeliT nakeTebi.
gamofenili namuSevrebis garda `dizain galeri~ SekveTebsac miiRebs da sul mcire
xanSi samkaulebsac SemogvTavazebs. rac Seexeba samoss, aq dResdReobiT mxolod
sadResaswaulo da saqorwino kabebs qmnian. galereis mizanic xom mravalferovneba
gaxlavT: cota mxatvroba, cota dizaini, cotac egzotika, cotac siWrele, cota
kidev raRac... oRond kargi.
sxeulis dramatuli istoria
mxatvarTa wreSi mas fermwerad ufro icnoben. zogma arc is icis, rom
mxatvari vaxo buRaZe ganaTlebiT moqandakea. figurisadmi mis dainteresebasac
swored am profesiiT xsnis. mxatvris bolodroindeli grafikuli seria imdenad
plastikuria, rom mis mier Seqmnili figurebis sabediswero istoriebsac ki
amoicnob. namuSevrebi germanel eqspresionistebsac mogvagonebs, magram, amave
dros, avtoris individualurobasac usvams xazs. mxatvris sxeulis variaciebi,
xelovnebis am TiTqosda gacveTil Temaze, mainc siaxlis STabeWdilebas tovebs.
is, rom vaxo buRaZe `arasalonur~ mxatvarTa wres miekuTvneba, profesionali
damTvaliereblisTvis ucxo araa. is sagangebod ar muSaobs namuSevris zedapiris
xarisxze. odnav Selaxuli qaRaldi da, TiTqosda, erTgvari `daudevroba~ mis
naxatebs gansakuTrebul xiblsac ki sZens. amitomac miiCneven, rom misi Semoqmedeba
SesaZloa, profesionalebisTvis ufro misaRebi iyos, vidre moyvarulebisTvis.
karga xania TbilisSi gamofena ar hqonia. saeqspozicio sivrce vaxo buRaZis
grafikas galerea `baiam~ dauTmo. personalur gamofenas `sxeuli~ hqvia, mxatvari
Tavis namuSevrebSi cdilobs konkretuli sxeulebis fsiqologiuri gancdebi
gviCvenos. miuxedavad imisa, rom qalis SiSveli figurebidan zogs arc Tavi uCans,
zogs ki saxe aqvs dafaruli, mainc saxasiaTo suraTi iqmneba. sWarbobs `saTnoebis
saxlis~ Tema _ `es dawesebuleba Cemi saxlis pirdapir aris da imitomaco~.
iqve `haji muratis~ mokveTili Tavi an Tundac mowyenili angelozi, naTlad
miganiSnebT, rom avtori yvelaze metad dramatul da mZime Temebs exeba. mZafrad
naCvenebi sxeulis istoria vaxo buRaZem Zvel megobrebsa da pedagogebs miuZRvna.
avtori: maia cecaZe, foto: qeTo caava
22 cxeli Sokoladi
kult-mimoxilva
elene axvledianis axali katalogi
elene axvledianis uamravi tilo kerZo
koleqciebSi inaxeba. am nauSevrebis
sistematizacia, aRnusxva da gamocema `galerea
baiam~ kulturis, ZeglTa dacvisa da sportis
saministrosa da g. CubinaSvilis saxelobis
xelovnebis istoriis erovnuli kvlevis centris
monawileobiT gadawyvita da elene axvledianis
axal albomze muSaoba daiwyo. katalogSi mxatvris
kerZo koleqciebSi daculi, aqamde ucnobi an
Zalian viwro wrisaTvis cnobili namuSevrebi Seva.
galereis proeqti ara mxolod albomis gamocemas,
aramed, gamofenebsac iTvaliswinebs. pirveli
gamofena `baia galereaSi~ 17 ivniss gaixsna.
galereaSi mxatvris ormocdaaTi tilo gamofines,
aqedan daaxloebiT TxuTmetamde sruliad
ucnobi namuSevari. Tu ase gagrZelda, proeqtis
organizatorebs mzadebis eqvsTvian periodSi
sakmaod didi masala daugrovdebaT.
`nariyala~, `alaznis veli~, `sofeli RamiT~,
`dranda~, kostiumebis eskizebi... naxatebis Janri
tradiciulia, elene axvledianis xelwerasac iolad
icnobT, Tumca, galereaSi gamofenili namuSevrebi
namdvilad dagarwmunebT, rom axali katalogi
elene axvledianis Semoqmedebas gacilebiT srulad
warudgens farTo sazogadoebas..
p.s. Tu elene axvledianis naxatebi Tqvens
koleqciaSic inaxeba da gsurT, rom is axal
katalogSi ganTavsdes an SedgomSi gamoifinos,
maSin nu daayovnebT da `baia galereas~ mimarTeT!
avtori: maia cecaZe
24 cxeli Sokoladi
siaxle gaerTianebuli telekomisgan!
21-e saukuneSi
es siaxle wesiT aravis unda gaukvirdes, magram im dros, roca jer kidev aris adgilebi, sadac
satelekomunikacio problemebi arsebobs, gaerTianebuli telekomis morigi produqti bevri Tvenganis gakvirvebas namdvilad
SeZlebs. am inovaciuri SemoTavazebiT sargeblobisaTvis saWiroa mxolod Tqveni survili, rom saxlis axali telefoni iqonioT.
darekoT cxel xazze
, mixvideT gaerTanebuli telekomis romelime servis centrSi, uproblemod SeiZinoT CDMA
axali teqnologiis telefoni, ukve CarTuli (gaaqtiurebuli nomriT) da im wuTidanve TqvenTvis gankuTvnili SeRavaTebiTac
isargeblebT.
warmoidgineT, rom saxlis ukabelo, mobiluri funqciis mqone moZrav telefons waiRebT sadac gnebavT, gadaadgilebT regionis
masStabiTac. telefonis nomeri ki 6 cifriania _ iseTive, rogoric Cveulebrivi saxlis telefonis nomeri. nomrebisTvis ki arc
calke wignaki dagWirdebaT, am funqcias Tqveni telefoni SeiTavsebs. gamavali, Semosuli, gamotovebuli zarebis damaxsovrebis
unaris garda, telefons kalkulatori, Semoklbuli akrefa da sxva mravali funqciac aqvs.
magaliTad, mogindaT ramdenime paraleluri telefoni iqonioT. amisTvis kidev erTi ukabelo mowyobiloba CDMA terminali arsebobs,
romelsac SeZlebT ramdenime telefoni miuerToT, internetic CarToT da masac dabrkolebis gareSe yvelgan Tan atarebT.
cnobisTvis: gaerTianebuli telekomi ar giwesebT wuTobriv tarifebs, ixdiT mxolod: 5 lars,
yovelTviur
saabonento
gadasaxads:
kavSiri gaerTianebuli telekomis abonentebTan (rac 400000 abonents iTvlis) _
saqalaqoTaSoriso saubrebi gaerTianebuli telekomis abonentebTan _
ufasoa
ufasoa
kavSiri axal qselebTan _ 0. 06 lari
kavSiri mobilur operatorTan _ 0. 25 lari
viciT, rom Tanamedrove teqnika dRes intensiurad win miiwevs, magram aqamde saxlis aseTi telefoni xom ar gqoniaT? arada,
yvelaferi swored ase martivadaa. am patara mowyobilobas, didi problemebis gadaWra SeuZlia, rac energiasac zogavs, drosac
da finansebsac.
kult-mimoxilva
rogorc 30 wlis winaT _ `wminda giorgis~ daxuruli Cveneba pantomimis TeatrSi
adre, 30 wlis winaT, Cveulebriv, ase xdeboda _ speqtakli, sanam premiera gaimarTeboda, jer cekas
Cinovnikebs unda enaxaT, ufrosi Zmis maxvil Tvals rame rom ar gamoparvoda _ an antisabWoTa fraza, an
qalis SiSveli muxli, an... mokled, sifrTxile iyo saWiro. magram xSirad, qarTveli ufrosi Zma orives Tu
ara, cal Tvals mainc xuWavda xolme, da maSin, Teatralebi da maTTan erTad qarTuli sazogadoebis raRac
nawili gamarjvebas zeimobda da artistebs cremlmoreuli ukravda taSs. jer ar viciT, izeimeben Tu ara
gamarjvebas pantomimis TeatrSi, Tumca, cota xnis win, `wminda giorgis~ daxurul Cvenebaze rom mivdiodi,
ase megona, dro 30 wliT ukan gadavarda. ase iyo Tu ise, erTma kargma adamianma dampatiJa da 2008 wlis 30
maiss akrZluli speqtaklis, `wminda giorgis~ daxurul Cvenebaze movxvdi.
roca sapatriarqoSi gaiges, rom amiran SalikaSvili `wminda giorgis~ marjaniSvilis Teatris scenaze
dgamda, saswrafod gaavrceles gancxadeba _ `ramdenadac sjulis kanoni da saeklesio tradicia
sruliad miuReblad miiCnevs marTlmadidebeli eklesiis wmindanebTan dakavSirebiT speqtaklis
dadgmas, sapatriarqom TxovniT mimarTa baton amiran SalikaSvils Tavi Seekavebina amgvari qmedebisagan.
vimedovnebT, rom speqtaklis avtorica da Teatris dasic angariSs gauwevs sapartiarqos pozicias.~
marjaniSvilis TeatrSi bevri namdvilad ar ufiqriaT, egreve gadawyvites, marTalia ufrosi Zmao da
SalikaSvilis dass sakuTari scena aRar dauTmes. kuluarebSi ki alaparakdnen _ o, es mkrexelebi, aba, vin
gaigo wmindanebis kolgotkebSi TamaSi, pantomima namdvilad araferad varga amgvari TemebisTviso. amiran
SalikaSvilma, mobrZandiT, batono, naxeT speqtakli, aravis vayenebT Seurcxyofas, arc im msaxiobebisTvis
Cagvicmevia kolgotkebi, vinc wmindanebis rolebs TamaSobeno da sapatriarqos warmomadgenlebi speqtaklis
sanaxavad daxurul Cvenebaze dapatiJa, sadac isini ar mosulan. am sakiTxs presac gamoexmaura. amiran
SalikaSvilma, radioeTerSi ninia kakabaZesTan intervius dros brZana _ `me ar mesmis sapatriarqosi, moxda
Tavdasxma Teatrze, mgonia, rom sapatriarqo pozicias Seicvlis. axla mTavari patriarqis gadawyvetilebaa,
yvelaferi ise iqneba, rogorc is gadawyvets... me aravis vewinaaRmdegebi, Tumca, velodebi Cveni patriarqis
keTil nebas~. am sityvebSi didi ridi da krZalva igrZnoba sarwmunoebis, eklesiisa da saqarTvelos
patriarqis mimarT. miuxedavad imisa, rom cnobilma artistma icis, rom sapatriarqos ufleba ara aqvs
saero cxovrebaSi, miT umetes, Teatrebis repertuarSi Caerios, is mainc frTxilobs. aba, ra, sifrTxiles
Tavi ar stkiva! miT umetes, CvenSi, sadac kedlebsac ki yurebi aqvT gamobmuli!
Tumca, mainc ase mgonia, am speqtaklis TematikiT, amiran SalikaSvilma swored marTlmadideblobiT
da religiurobiT qarTuli sazogadoebis sayovelTao gatacebas mouxada xarki. pantomimis Teatris
xelmZRvanelma gadawyvita, swored am eniT moeTxro wminda ninos, wminda giorgisa da sastiki imperatoris,
diokletianes saqveynod cnobili ambavi da dRes aRiarebul da miRebul qarTul diskursSi ase Caweriliyo.
simarTle rom vTqva, Tematikam mec ar momxibla. ufro sworad, Teatris scenaze pirjvris weris
xSirma scenebma, cota ar iyos, gamaRiziana (saxalxod rom iweren pirjvars, sul meCveneba, rom yvelaze
sakraluri da intimuri, is, rac ucxo Tvalisgan dafaruli unda iyos, gareT gamoaqvT). warmodgena
mTlianad dasavlur tradicias da klasikur musikas eyrdnoba da neitraluri siuJetic rom moergoT am
speqtaklisaTvis, mgoni, arc araferi daSavdeboda. gasagebia, pantomimis ena Jestebis da moZraobebis enaa
da mayurebelma rom gaigos, Zveli berZnuli miTebis gmirebzea speqtakli Tu marTlmadidebel wmindanebze,
amisTvis msaxiobebs sxva ra darCeniaT, isev pirjvari unda gadaiweron. Tumca, es bevrsac verafers aklebs
speqtakls _ sakmaod cocxali, dinamiuri da moulodneli sanaxaoba TamaSdeba scenaze da Tu akrZalvas
gadaurCa, mayurebeli namdvilad isiamovnebs. reJisors da axalgazrda msaxiobebs namdvilad kargad
umuSaviaT da Zalian sawyeni iqneba, Tuki speqtakli dRis sinaTles ver ixilavs. guldasawyveti kidev erTi
ram iyo _ pantomimis Teatris Senoba rusTavelis gamzirze sruliad gapartaxebulia, gauremontebeli,
mouvleli. aseT scenaze TamaSi warmoudgenelia. dasi dRes Senobis gareSea darCenili. pantomimis Teatri
sul ramdenimea msoflioSi da mgonia, am patara Teatris garemonteba Zalian rTuli ar unda iyos.
dRes eklesia, qarTuli konstituciis mixedviT, gamoyofilia saxelmwifosgan. eklesias SeuZlia morwmune
adamianebs, mrevls uTxras _ es mkrexeluri speqtaklia da nu waxvalT, nu naxavTo; isinic ar wavlen,
an wavlen kidec _ esec maTi uflebaa. magram roca sapatriarqo pirdapir ambobs, rom dasma Tavi unda
Seikavos speqtaklis TamaSisgan, radgan amas sjulis kanoni krZalavs, _ amis gageba, cota ar iyos, miWirs.
yvelaze ucnauri mainc marjaniSvilis Teatris xelmZRvanelobis saqcielia, roca is sapatriarqos werilis
Semdeg amiran SalikaSvilis dass scenas aRar uTmobs. marjaniSvilis TeatrSi, rogorc Cans, ar dafiqrdnen
imaze, rom Tavisufleba Zalian faqizi da mosafrTxilebeli ramaa. Tuki Cven dRes davuSvebT, rom amiran
SalikaSvilisa da misi dasis Tavisufleba SeizRudos da pantomimis Teatris dasacavad xmas ar amoviRebT,
xval Cvensave Tavisuflebas daemuqreba safrTxe. xval SeiZleba marjaniSvilis Teatrs moakiTxon da sjulis
kanonis mixedviT dauwyon sworeba da SekreW-SemokreWa speqtaklebs, mere SeiZleba isic ki Tqvan, msaxioboba
codvaao (ase weria did sjulis kanonSi). maSin raRas vizamT? dabolos _ daxurul Cvenebas daxuruli
msjeloba mohyva, sadac yvelaze xSirad gaismoda, patriarqma es ar icis, rom icodes amas ar dauSvebda, isev
patriarqis imedi gvaqvs... am frazebma, ratomRac, ocdaaTi ki ara, samoci wlis winandeli ambebi momagona.
avtori: nino beqiSvili
26 cxeli Sokoladi
Tqveni silamazisTvis
farmacevtuli kompania
jipisi gTavazobT
saxis kanis ufaso
diagnostikas da
TqvenTvis Sesaferisi
kosmetikuri
saSualebebis SerCevas
kanis diagnostikis kabinetebi
gaxsnilia Semdeg afTiaqebSi:
pekinis 2 (doliZis quCis kuTxeSi)
rusTavelis 16
WavWavaZis 50
taim-auti
TOM TAILOR _ ukve qarTveli momxmareblisTvis
iyo periodi, rodesac Cacmis moyvarulebi, cnobili brendis samoss
samivlinebo voiaJebisas xels gamoayolebdnen, an romelime ucxo qveyanas
sagangebod ,,SopingisTvis~ stumrobdnen xolme. Tumca, bolo dros Cvens
dedaqalaqSi momravlebul maRaziaTa qsels Tu gadavxedavT, advilad
SevniSnavT, rom maRaziebis raodenobasTan erTad, cnobili brendebis
warmomadgenlobebic momravldnen. vinc ,,tom teiloris~ produqcias kargad
icnobT, an Tundac, jer kidev ar icnobT, maSin icodeT, rom am brendis nawarmis
SeZenas ukve TbilisSic SeZlebT. pekinis 5 nomerSi, 12 ivniss oficialurad
,,tom teiloris” maRazia gaixsna.
1962 wels daarsebuli germanuli brendis ZiriTadi warmomadgenloba
hamburgSi imyofeba. informaciisTvis: ,,tom teiloris~ produqcia 40 qveyanaSi,
6 aTasze met savaWro obieqtSi iyideba. am qvenebis ricxvs ki ukve saqarTveloc
SeuerTda. brends sul ramdenime xazi aqvs: qalis, mamakacis, bavSvis, ,,kidsi~.
`tom teiloris~ pirveli maRazia TbilisSi sawyis etapze gTavazobT qalisa da
mamakacis xazs, romelTa mimarTulebac orgvaria: ,,denimi~ (romelic xalasi
ferebiT Seqmnil, ZiriTadad Tineijerul stils moicavs) da `qeJuali~ ( aseve
Tavisufali stilis samosi, oRond, odnav ,,damjdari~ ferebiT). koleqcias
TveSi erTxel ganaaxleben. samomavlod ki maRaziis mesveurebi qselis
gafarToebasac gegmaven da gvpirdebian, rom qalisa da mamakacis xazs, male
bavSvis xazi, aqsesuarebi da parfiumeriac Semoemateba.
,,saqarTvelos bankis~ saCuqari belorusebs
2008 wlis maisSi, niko firosmanis namuSevrebma belorusis sazRvari
pirvelad gadakveTa. am iniciativis Sedegad ki belorusis respublikis
erovnul samxatvro muzeumSi firosmanis naxatebma sami TviT daido bina.
Tumca, yvelaferi maisamde gacilebiT adre daiwyo. anu maSin, rodesac
,,saqarTvelos bankma~ gafarToebis mizniT belorusSi saSualo sididis banki
SeiZina. ,,saqrTvelos banksve~ ekuTvnis iniciativa, rom minskSi qarTveli
mxatvris Semoqmedeba warmoeCina. saqarTvelos S. amiranaSvilis saxelobis
erovnul muzeumSi didi mxatvris 24 ferweruli tilo SearCies da belorus
damTvaliereblebs firosmanis naxatebi ,,cocxlad” warudgines. belorusis
respublikaSi saqarTvelos saelCos, saqarTvelos kulturis, ZeglTa
dacvisa da sportis saministros xelSewyobiT, minskSi ,,saqarTvelos bankis”
mier ,,belorusis saxalxo bankis~ 70 %-is SeZenisadmi miZRvnili RonisZieba
28 maiss sazeimo viTarebaSi gaixsna. niko firosmanis pirvel gamofenaze
mnaxvelebi erTxmad aRiarebdnen, rom firosmanis naxatebis xilvas didi xani
natrulobdnen.
sagangebod am gamofenisTvisve Seiqmna eqsponirebul namuSevarTa
aRmnusxveli katalogi, romelic muzeumSi Semosul damTvalierebels
qarTveli mxatvris Semoqmedebis Sesaxeb saerTo warmodgenas Seuqmnis.
avtori: maia cecaZe
28 cxeli Sokoladi
Semosuli werilebi
gamoxmaureba `cxeli Sokoladis~ 38-e nomerSi
dabeWdil nino danelias komentarze
`saqarTvelo neonacizmis safrTxis winaSe dadga~
werili ibeWdeba redaqtirebis gareSe
gendalfi prezidentad!
erTianobis problema heterogenul sazogadoebaSi
legendarul 60-ianebSi, maSin, rodesac jon tolkienis `beWdebis mbrZanebeli~ sul raRac 10 wlis gamocemuli
iyo da meamboxe studentebi erTmaneTis
miyolebiT ikavebdnen amerikis sauniversiteto qalaqebs, protestis marSebze
pirvelad gaCnda lozungi `gendalfi
prezidentad!~. TeTrwvera, yalioniani,
keTili jadoqari wignis furclebidan
unda materializebuliyo saxelmwifos
meTaurad. im momentSi romanis miTopoeturi samyaro TiTqos Seeria dasavluri
samyaros yoveldRiurobas da daiwyo piradad CemTvis Zalian Zvirfasi `tolkienis samyaros~ mSenebloba.
cnobilia, rom heterogenuli sazogadoebebi gamoirCevian `Sida gamyofi xazebis~, anu sazogadoebaSi Camoyalibebuli
segmentebis arsebobiT. magram, nebismier
araerTgvarovan sazogadoebas, Tundac
iseTs, romelSic uaRresad mkveTradaa
gamoxatuli socialuri, konfesiuri, eTnikuri Tu kulturuli `gamyofi xazebi~,
Tundac Cven sazogadoebas, sadac Zalian
didia Semadgenel segmentebs Soris daZabulobis potenciali, aqvs SeTanxmebuli
30 cxeli Sokoladi
moqmedebis unari. amas xels uwyobs iseTi
niSnebis arseboba, rogoricaa kompromisi,
urTierTqmedeba, Tanxmoba da integracia.
miutevebeli da Seuwynarebeli kategoriebi bunebaSi ar arsebobs. yovelTvis
SeiZleba gamoinaxos iseTi faseuloba,
romlis irgvlivac yvela mxare SeTanxmdeba. amitomac, rogorc wesi, erTianobis
modelis formireba ukavSirdeba xolme
identobis sakiTxebs. sazogadoebis potenciurad maidentificirebeli Tvisebebi SeiZleba iyos: saerTo istoriuli gamocdileba, ena, kultura da religiuri
tradiciebi, zneobrivi postulatebi da
a.S. Tumca, rogorc `praqtikam~ aCvena,
problema imaSi mdgomareobs, rom sazogadoebrivi morali, misi `zneobrivi kodi~
sakmaod rTulad eqvemdebareba definicias. erTi SexedviT, tolkienis idealebi
yvela segmentisaTvis misaRebi unda yofiliyo, magram arizonis Statis administracia gamovida winadadebiT, saskolo
programidan amoeRoT `beWdebis mbrZanebeli~, radgan masSi deklarirebuli `erTaderTi WeSmariti religiis moraluri
upiratesoba, rasobrivi da genderuli
Semosuli werilebi
disbalansi~ (dadebiTi gmirebi ZiriTadad TeTri rasisa da mamrobiTi sqesis
warmomadgenlebi arian) diskriminaciuli
xasiaTis aRmoCnda, rac arizonel bavSvebSi ganaviTarebda Seuwynareblobasa da
fanatizms. ase gadauRoba gza TeTri saxlisaken mimaval gendalfs politkoreqtulobis meSveobiT mzakvarma sarumanma.
politkoreqtuloba imisTvisaa mogonili, rom gaafermkrTalos sazogadoebis
Sinagani sazRvrebi da Seasustos dezintegraciuli procesebi, magram am meqanizmis gamoyeneba SesaZlebelia sawinaaRmdego `mimarTulebiTac~ _ sazRvrebis
gamkveTrebisa da gaRrmavebis mizniT. es
ukve Savi magiis sferoa da misi ubadlo
ostatia istaris ordenis yvelaze mzakvari jadoqari sarumani.
ramdenadac rTulia imis gansazRvra, Tu
ra aris kargi da `moraluri~, imdenad yovelTvis uadvildeba xolme sazogadoebas
cud, arakoreqtul saqcielTa nusxis Sedgena. magaliTad, cudia, rodesac ambob:
sad yavT zulusebs tolstoi, an papuasebs
- prustio. aseTi gamonaTqvamis avtors sarumani kudiT qvas asrolinebs, Tundac is
iyos SesaniSnavi amerikeli mwerali, nobelis premiis laureati sol belou. cudia,
Tu ambob, rom axali evropis Seqmnis procesSi SeuZlebelia ar moxdes gaTvaliswineba qristianuli tradiciisa, romelic
iyo da dResac aucilebelia evropis momavlisTviso. amisaTvis orodruinis cecxli ar agcdeba, Tundac evrokomisiis
Tavmjdomare romano prodi iyo.
yvelaferi SeTanxmebazea. Tu sazogadoeba SeTanxmda, rom Sadrevnebi, oqrocurvili qandakebebi, patrinotis melodiebi
da mTeli es socrealisturi landSafti `kargia~, xolo Sen mainc ver ewerebi
am sabWour sulier-fsiqologiur konteqstSi da mis avtorebs Seaxseneb, rom
`es saqarTveloa~, maSin sarumani Tavisi
`saxalxo bralmdeblis~ sxeulSi Casaxldeba da `ruseTismoyvarul fsevdopatriotad~ gamogacxadebs. Tu taZris win
Cavlisas pirjvars gadaiwer _ religiur
eqstremistad Segracxavs. mere bolnisis
sionis fasadze gamosaxuli jvris moxazulobaSi Sefarul nacistur simbolikas SeamCnevs da liberaluri sifxizlis
32 cxeli Sokoladi
gamaxvilebisaken mouwodebs mSromelebs.
Cven xom ver vitanT cvlilebebs. sarumanic ar icvleba, misi meTodebi zustad
iseTia, Tavis droze simon yauxCiSvils,
giorgi wereTels da Salva nucubiZes
gazeT `komunistis~ furclebidan faSistur SeTqmulebaSi rom adanaSaulebda
an sabWoTa xalxis yvelaze verag mters,
`cerkovSCinas~ rom ucxadebda daundobel brZolas. `qristian-demokratebma
qarTul sazogadoebas muxanaTuri ankesi gadaugdes~, `saqarTvelo monuri da
patron-ymuli fsiqologiiT veRar icxovrebs~, `ara, ar gvinda aseTi saqarTvelo~ – abrialebs Tvalebs sarumanis
partkomi nino danelia. `cxeli Sokoladis~ maisis nomerSi (2008, N38) misi werilis `saqarTvelo neonacizmis winaSe
dadga~ wakiTxvis Semdeg boris pasternakze gamocxadebuli nadirobis dros
Seqmnili sanimuSo formula gamaxsenda:
`Я роман Пастернака не читал, но осуждаю!~.
sakvirvelia, rom werilis avtors sabWoTa zeinklebis, xaratebisa da meSaxteebis msgavsad ise SeuZlia `dagmos~, rom
arc ki Seecados simarTlis garkvevas.
mas romanis wakiTxva ar sWirdeba, ydis
SeferilobiTac ki xvdeba mis Sinaarss.
misTvis mTavari qristian-demokratiuli
droSis dizainia, romelic, ratomRac
hitlerul germanias agonebs.
sarumani sxva jadoqrebisagan gamoirCeva darwmunebis gansakuTrebuli unariT, rasac ver vityviT mis qarTul
inkarnaciaze. am SemTxvevaSi kompetenturobis aSkara deficitTan gvaqvs saqme. nino daneliam ar icis, rom sityva
`invalidi~ isev aqtiurad gamoiyeneba ara
marto saqarTvelos kanonmdeblobaSi,
aramed gaeros oficialur masalebSic
ki da parizelebi invalidTa saxelmwifo saxls jer kidev Les Invalides eZaxian.
man ar icis, rom vaJa-fSavelas sityvebia: `Tu vinme ityvis amas, yvela erebi
erTnairad miyvarso, _ styuis, TvalTmaqcobs: an Wkuanaklebia, an romelime partiis programiT aris xelfexSeboWili~,
man ar icis, rom qristian-demokratebis
programaSi xaWapuris cxobaze araferia naTqvami... erTi sityviT, не читала,
но осуждает. Cvenc Tavs CavRunavT da
Cveni segmentirebuli sazogadoebis gaerTianebaze ocnebas droebiT Taroze
SemovdebT, mSromelTa koleqtivebis
organizebul mrisxanebas ki mdumared
SevxvdebiT, radgan `sxva dro~ movida,
rogorc ki xmas amoiReb, maSinve politkoreqtulobis wiTel baraTs dagiZrobs sarumani. ilia WavWavaZisa ar iyos,
`exlandel wvrilfexobas rom uTxraT, _
Seni azri liberaluri ar aris, retrograduliao, maSinve SiSiT feri ecvleba
da, rac ginda marTali iyos, ena mucelSi Cauvardeba, _ es ra RmerTi gamwyromiao. aRaravin daeZebs, _ marTals Tavisi
sakuTari fasi aqvs, Tu ara, da am mxriT
azris CxrekaSi aRaravin Sedis~. azris
CxrekaSi axla mxolod tolkienis samyaro TuRa dagexmareba kacs. es samyaro
imitomac miyvars, rom masSi yvela epizodi, romelSic Cans winaswargansazRvruloba, saboloo jamSi gadaiqceva xolme
moTxrobad gmiris Tavisufali nebis,
misi personaluri arCevanis Sesaxeb. rohanis mobinadreni SekiTxvaze: `ra ambebi mogvitane CrdiloeTis miwebidan?~ _
aragornisagan pasuxad iReben: `me mogitaneT arCevani!~. hoda Cvenc, mucelSienaCagdebulma, retrogradma hobitebma
Cveni arCevani (sul 153 662 eleqtoraluri xma) ukve gavakeTeT gendalfis sasargeblod. axla isRa dagvrCenia, evropis
Cempionats CavujdeT da Tavi stadionze
_ politkoreqtulobisagan yvelaze Tavisufal sivrceSi warmovidginoT, sadac heterogenuli sazogadoebis yvela
segmenti erTiandeba, sadac iZulebiT
marginalizebuli tradiciebi isev centralur adgils ikaveben da yvelafers
Tavisi saxeli erqmeva: afroamerikels
_ zangi, ZirZvel amerikels _ indieli,
geokoreqcias _ miwisZvra, sqesis koreqcias _ sqesis Secvla, sadac mTeli xmiT
SeiZleba daiRrialo: `sudia .....st!~ da
es xaxvixiT SegrCes, radgan milionobiT
gulSematkivris SeZaxilSi sarumani da
nino danelia Sen xmas ver gamoarCeven.
nikoloz laliaSvili
parlamentis wevri,
partia `qristian-demokratiuli moZraobis~
politikuri mdivani
marTe axali avtomobili
nebismieri Zvelis nacvlad
Trade in Centre
208080
Trade in Centre
gTavazobT:
- avtomobilis Rirebulebis Sefaseba
- nebismieri markis da modelis Secvla
SeuzRudavad garbenisa da gamoSvebis wlis
- swrafad, komfortulad da moxerxebulad
tranzaqciis ganxorcieleba
- Semfasebeli komisia - modis adgilze da
afasebs
- avtomobilis Rirebulebis CaTvla, pirvel
Senatanad
- dakreditebis sxvadasxva SesaZleblobebi
- personaluri menejeri yvela kiTxvaze
- avtomobilis sabazro Rirebulebis
Sefasebisas riskis ar arseboba
iberia biznes jgufi
aqcenti
bebiacaa da bebiac
avtori: ana korZaia-samadaSvili
es iaponuri warwera ase iTargmneba: `me bebiaCems vgavar~.
saqme isaa, rom am plakatis avtorma mxolod is icis, rom bebiamisi iaponeli iyo. sad daibada es patiosani qali, babua sad
gaicno, ramdeni wlisa mokvda _ ucnobia. Sesabamisad, STamomavalma gadawyvita, rom bebia lamazi qali iyo da sul aseTad
darCa, dabadebidan gardacvalebamde. bebia axlac aseTia, da
is, batoni laSa mdinaraZe, Zalian hgavs Tavis bebias.
Cemi bebia ki namdvili bebiaa, Tumca, cota zRapris gmiri.
is amqveynad yvelaze lamaz adgilas cxovrobs. mas imdeni adamiani hyavs gazrdili, ramdensac zogi arcki icnobs. Cemi bebia
saocar ambebs hyveba devebis Secvlili bavSvebis Tu pirvel
msoflioSi wasuli mamakacebis Sesaxeb. bebiam yvelaferi icis
da yvelaze Zalian me vuyvarvar _ am ukanasknelSi misi mravali
SviliSvili Semedaveba, magram mere, ra...
roca patara viyavi, megona, rom yvela bebia aseTia. Turme sad
var! am erT rameSi gamimarTla magrad, Torem mere bebiebi gavicani _ mters da avs, rac Zalian logikuria: uxasiaTo qalebs
ra dalevs da maTi umravlesoba xom adre Tu gvian bebia xdeba.
ggoniaT, gabebieba gakeTilSobilebis sawindaria? sul piriqiT!
megobrebs gadavxede. erTis fexmsubuqi bebia da misi ori
uyofaqcevo da eWvianobis niadagze sam dReSi erTxel erTmaneTs wyevlida da asisxlianebda. meores bebia taSkentSi narkotikebiT vaWrobis gamo cixeSi ijda. mesames bebom damSvidobebisas miaZaxa: `naxvandiT, Sen ar geRirsa misvla saxlandiT!~
erT dRemde lamaz bebias ki lustraciis kanonis gagonebaze
34 cxeli Sokoladi
akankalebs, imitom, rom aRar axsovs, visTan goravda da ra
bneli saqmeebi aqvs Cadenili.
eh, bebo, bebo!
kargi ramaa bebia.
mokled, bebia sul nair-nairi arsebobs, da kacobriobis am
mSvenieri nawilis mravalferovnebas mieZRvna gamofena `yvelaferi bebiaCemis Sesaxeb~. is gaimarTa galerea `dizainSi~ da
masSi uamravma adamianma miiRo monawileoba. Zalian minda, yoveli maTganis bebiis ambavi davwero, magram rTuli saqmea _
samtomeuli gamovidoda.
sakuTar bebiaze yvelafris moyola Zneli saqmea _ adiulteri da ubedureba, genetikuri wunebi, ojaxis prestiJi, ConCxi
karadaSi. magram rac iTqmoda, iTqva, da Zalian kargic gamovida _ lamazi, xalisiani, mxiaruli. ra eleganturi bebiebi
vnaxeT! rogori jadosnuri skivri hqonia qalbatons! ra aRar
xdeboda! am uamravi bebosTvis erTi babua atrialebda gramofonis firfitebs da `kreba darCa kmayofili~.
Sen ki, Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo, `cxeli Sokoladis~ saxeliT
girCev: Tu bebia gyavs, Zalian moufrTxildi, radgan sanam SviliSvili gqvia, patara gogo an biWi xar da amaze kargi araferia. xolo maT, visac sqesobrivi Taviseburebebis gamo bebioba
mouwevT, vurCevdi, `dizains~ swveodnen _ bevri wlis mere,
roca Tqveni SviliSvilebi moawyoben aqcias `yvelaferi bebiaCemis Sesaxeb~, lamazi nivTebi geqnebaT saCvenebeli da mnaxvelebi ityvian, ai, mesmis, bebiac aseTi undao.
“peJo”-s oficialuri dileri saqarTveloSi
Sourumi: abaSiZis 41, tel.: (995 32) 25 10 23
servis-centri: WavWavaZis 49 a, tel.: (995 32) 25 10 33
iberia biznes jgufi
Seqmnilia siamovnebisTvis
axali
www.peugeot.ge
REUTERS
komentari
ori dasavleTis ambavi
avtori: mark maleni
inglisuridan Targmna rusiko amirejibma
terminSi `dasavleTi~ qarTvelebi xSirad moiazreben erTobas, romelic sinamdvileSi ori jgufisagan Sedgeba. am jgufebs
bevr sakiTxze msgavsi an Tanmxvedri mosazrebebi da SeTanxmebuli Sexedulebebi aqvT, magram maT Soris arsebobs uTanxmoeba saqarTvelosTan dakavSirebiT. es ufro calkeul adamianebs
exeba, vidre mTel qveynebs, Tumca, xSirad ama Tu im Sexedulebis individebi erT qveyanaSi an erT instituciaSi arian xolme
Tavmoyrilni.
aucilebelia aRiniSnos, rom orive jgufi moicavs saqarTveloze saTanadod informirebul dasavlelebs, magram TiTqmis
aravin araferi icis afxazeTsa da samxreT oseTze. laparakia
im mcirericxovan ucxoelebze, romlebic akvirdebian saqarTvelos da aRelvebT misi bedi. saqarTvelo momxiblavi qveyanaa da msoflio dainteresebasac iwvevs, Tumca, diplomatiur
yuradRebas sxva qveynebic izidavs.
modiT, pirvel jgufs `Zveli evropelebi~ davarqvaT. am jgufSi upiratesad Sedian germanelebi, frangebi, italielebi, niderlandelebi, anu im qveynebis warmomadgenlebi, romlebic
evrokavSiris wevrebi iyvnen jer kidev ssrk-s daSlamde. saqarTvelos Sesaxeb mTavari kiTxva maTTvis ase daismis: ramdenad
mniSvnelovania es qveyana CvenTvis? es is jgufi ar gaxlavT,
romelsac iolad aRagznebs cecxlovani ritorika an grandio36 cxeli Sokoladi
zuli sanaxaobebi. es qveynebi im eqskluziur klubs miekuTvnebian, romelic ramdenime wlis win eWvis TvaliT uyurebda Big
Bang-s (evrokavSirSi axali wevrebis miRebas) da xedavs, rom
bevri misi eWvi gamarTlda, vinaidan axalma wevrebma jer kidev kargad ar ician wesebi da zogjer samarcxvinodac iqcevian.
Zvel evropelebs ebadebaT kiTxva: marTlac aseTi kritikulia
kavkasia CvenTvis? xom ar davicadoT iqamde, sanam ramdenime
aTeul weliwadSi es Soreuli qveynebi mzad iqnebian auCqareblad Semoabijon evropaSi?
am jgufis wevrebi saqarTveloze ufro metad ruseTze fiqroben da uWirT maTze erTmaneTisgan damoukideblad fiqri.
isini ruseTze Seyvarebulebi ki ar arian, aramed xvdebian, rom
ruseTi aq aris: arc arsad wasvlas da arc Secvlas ar apirebs.
marTlac, ruseTi bolo ramdenime saukunis manZilze ar Secvlila. Zvel evropelebs gulwrfelad miaCniaT, rom saqarTvelom
Tavad, da rac mTavaria, martom unda gamonaxos ruseTTan urTierTobis gzebi. evropa raRac-raRacebSi daexmareba, magram
seriozuli konfrontacia ruseTTan ar gaamarTlebs da SeiZleba, daazaralos kidec evropa. maTi azriT, yvela, vinc cdilobs
saqarTvelos magivrad Seasrulos samuSao (gansakuTrebiT aSS),
aragulwrfelia Tavis mcdelobaSi da saqarTvelos gauazrebeli qmedebebisaken ubiZgebs. amavdroulad, ruseTi mainc Tavisi
komentari
interesebisTvis moqmedebs. Zvel evropelebs swamT, rom ruseTs
ufro sWirdeba evropa, vidre evropas _ ruseTi. maS, raRa saWiroa zedmetad Tavis atkiveba? dae, saqarTvelom aitkivos Tavi!
Zvel evropas esmis saqarTvelos xelisuflebis xmamaRali gancxadebebi ruseTisa da misi xelmZRvanelobis Sesaxeb da fiqrdeba
imaze, Tu ramdenad frTxili da sando saerTaSoriso partnioria
saqarTvelo. es jgufi didad afasebs stabilurobas pirovnul,
nacionalur da globalur doneze da kargad esmis misi sikeTe.
demokratia saqarTveloSi maT imitom aRelvebT, rom is stabilurobis garantia. arada, saqarTvelos demokratiulobis done
maT ar akmayofilebT. maT surT dainaxon demokratiis damyarebis gaazrebuli gegma da am gegmis ganxorcielebis gzebi. mosalodneli Sedegebis ganWvreta TiTqmis stabilurobis tolfasia.
es ki saqarTvelos SemTxvevaSi ara Cans.
terminebi `Zveli evropa~ da `axali evropa~ popularuli gaxda aSS-s aw ukve, madloba RmerTs, yofili Tavdacvis mdivnis
_ donald ramsfeldis wyalobiT. `Zvel evropaSi~ is im qveynebs moiazrebda, romlebic erayis oms didi enTuziazmiT ar
Sexvdnen. `axali evropa~ ki gulisxmobs evrokavSirisa da natos
im axal wevrebs, romlebmac meti enTuziazmi gamoamJRavnes da
erayis kampaniaSi metad amoudgnen gverdSi buSis administracias. am terminis warmoSobis gaazreba Zalian mniSvnelovania.
eraySi SeWras axla praqtikulad yvela nanobs, rac `Zveli
evropis~ damokidebulebis sisworeze miuTiTebs. amave dros,
es Zveli evropelebi brazoben, rom aSS-m ase efeqturad SeZlo
lia, is TandaTan demokratiisken wava, xolo Tu saxelmwifoebrioba ar arsebobs, demokratiaze saubaric ki zedmetia.
am jgufs sjera, rom ruseTs Tavisi mtanjveli politikiT
saqarTvelos damorCileba surs. es politika saqarTvelos mravalmxriv dazaralebas gulisxmobs. ruseTs Zalac Seswevs da
moswons kidec amis keTeba. ABC-is azriT, es ruseTis mxridan
evropis erTgvari gamocdaa. is evropis reaqcias akvirdeba
da roca xedavs, rom evropa mis nabijebs mSvidad xvdeba (rogorc axla), satelitebiT garSemortymuli ruseTi Tavs sakmaod komfortulad da bednierad grZnobs iseve, rogorc bolo
orasi wlis ganmavlobaSi. Tanac sjera, rom SeuZlia mudmivad
gaagrZelos evropis sazRvrebiT manipulireba. ABC darwmunebulia, rom ruseTs urCevnia dasavleTs misi eSinodes, vidre
pativs scemdes. amave dros, evropis energetikul usafrTxoebaze fiqrisas, ABC SiSobs, rom ruseTTan dakavSirebiT dominos
Teoria amoqmeddeba.
isini Relaven, rom rusebma Zveli evropelebi erTmaneTis
miyolebiT iyides, daimorCiles da daTmobebze daiTanxmes.
maTi azriT, Zvel evropelebs xedva ara aqvT. TviT ABC-s xedva ki mdgomareobs adleridan svaneTamde evropuli jarebis
ganlagebaSi, rac iZulebiT gadaadgilebul pirTa samxreTiT
usafrTxo dabrunebas uzrunvelyofs im dros, roca rusi jariskacebi CrdiloeTisken miiweven. amis Semdeg, maTi azriT, kaspiis zRvidan wamosuli sawvavi Savi zRvis gavliT gamoaRwevs
evropaSi da gverds auvlis ruseTs.
Zvel evropas esmis saqarTvelos xelisuflebis xmamaRali gancxadebebi ruseTisa da
misi xelmZRvanelobis Sesaxeb da fiqrdeba imaze, Tu ramdenad frTxili da sando
saerTaSoriso partnioria saqarTvelo. es jgufi didad afasebs stabilurobas
pirovnul, nacionalur da globalur doneze da kargad esmis misi sikeTe.
demokratia saqarTveloSi maT imitom aRelvebT, rom is stabilurobis garantia.
arada, saqarTvelos demokratiulobis done maT ar akmayofilebT.
erayis sakiTxis gamo uTanxmoeba gaTiSulobaSi gadaezarda. gaTiSuloba xom stabilurobas uqmnis safrTxes! saqarTvelosadmi damokidebulebaSi gansxvavebuli Sexedulebebic am gaTiSulobis gamoZaxilia.
cdunebis miuxedavad, dasavlelTa meore jgufisTvis `axali
evropelebis~ darqmevisgan Tavs Sevikaveb, vinaidan masSi Sedis
bevri amerikeli `moxetiale meamboxe~, ruseTis aqamde wynari
mezoblebis amoZravebas rom cdilobs. modiT maT ABC (Atlantic Baltic Confederates) anu atlantikur-baltikuri mokavSireebi
vuwodoT, raxan es jgufi bevr amerikels, estonels, latviels,
litvels, polonelsa da britanels moicavs.
ABC-s gansakuTrebiT uyvars saqarTvelo. roca is saqarTvelos uyurebs, bevr rames xedavs mis miRma: xedavs erTmaneTTan
dapirispirebul daviTsa da goliaTs, samarTalsa da tiranias.
saqarTveloSi irekleba maTi sakuTari nacionaluri istoria
Tu miTologia. saqarTvelos isini xedaven rogorc uZveles
ers, romelic aswleulebis da aTaswleulebis manZilze ibrZoda
damoukideblobisaTvis. saqarTvelosTvis daxmarebis aRmoCena
ubralod madli ki ara, aramed zneobrivi movaleobacaa. maT
moswonT qarTvelebTan erTad frontis wina xazze dgoma. marTalia, maTac aRelvebT saqarTvelos demokratiuloba, magram
miaCniaT, rom situaciis kritikuloba Zlier xels moiTxovs,
demokratiulobas ki dro sWirdeba. Tu qveyana damoukidebe38 cxeli Sokoladi
saqarTvelos sagareo politikis winaSe dgas umwvavesi sakiTxi: SeZlebs Tu ara igi Zvel evropasa da ABC-s Soris SeTanxmebis miRwevas an Tundac urTierTgagebis damyarebas. am sakiTxs
gadamwyveti roli eniWeba evropidan daxmarebis miRebaSi, iqneba
es afxazeTis Tu nebismier sxva sakiTxTan dakavSirebiT.
rogor unda moaxerxos es saqarTvelom? pirvel rigSi, unda
Sewyvitos yvirili. mere Tavi unda daanebos Zvel evropasTan
imave eniT saubaris, romliTac ABC-s elaparakeba, vinaidan es
maTze araviTar STabeWdilebas ar axdens da mxolod gaRizianebas iwvevs. mesame is gaxlavT, rom saqarTvelos sakiTxi axal,
Zveli evropisTvis gasageb CarCoSi unda moeqces da gaTvaliswinebul iqnes misi moTxovnebi. es swrafad da xalisianad unda
gakeTdes da ara ise, rogorc mosawyen biurokratiul samuSaos
asruleben. Zveli evropis moTxovnaTa umravlesoba, rogorebicaa gamWvirvaloba, kargad gaazrebuli politikis Camoyalibeba, samarTliani arCevnebi Tu sityvis Tavisufleba, marTlac
mniSvnelovani Rirebulebebia da, SeiZleba iTqvas, qarTveli
xalxic ar aris maTdami gulgrili. bolos ki, saqarTvelom ruseTTan Tavazianoba unda SeinarCunos.
Zvel evropelebTan urTierToba rTulia, vinaidan isini xSirad ar axmovaneben TavianT naazrevs. maTTan damegobrebas dro
sWirdeba, magram roca es moxdeba, maT ZaluZT yvelaze erTguli megobroba gaswion.
komentari
BACK IN THE USSR
avtori: lela gafrindaSvili
vuZRvni hainrix biolis xsovnas
yvelani vakvirdebiT, rom sakanonmdeblo organoSi SesvlaarSesvla kvlav aqtualuria. erTaderTi, rac Seicvala _ parlamentis SenobasTan ritualuri cecxli ritualurma makratelma Secvala.
am viTarebaSi saqarTvelos moqalaqeebs, gamosafxizleblad,
gamogvadgeba hainrix biolis sityvebis Sexseneba: `Careva _ es
erTaderTi saSualebaa imisaTvis, rom realistad darCe~. mwerali, romelic germanuli social-demokratiis, faSizmis da
omisSemdgomi teroris mowme iyo, arasdros darCenila ubralo damkvirveblad. yovelTvis ereoda adamianis winaaRmdeg
mimarTul procesebSi. swored imaze werda, rac ganicada, Tanaganicada, dagmo an miemxro. rac mTavaria, _ sakuTari monawileobis da pasuxismgeblobis xarisxiT kmayofili da, miT
ufro, aRfrTovanebuli arasodes yofila.
saarCevno procesze dakvirvebac Carevaa, aqtiuri Careva.
magram aqac aris arsebiTi niuansebi, romelTa gacnobierebis
gareSe SeuZlebelia saqarTveloSi gayalbebaTa epoqis dasruleba. mxolod garegnuli wesrigi, saarCevno procedurebis
dacva verafers Secvlis, Tu yvela moqalaqes Tanasworad ar
mieca Tavisufali, miukerZoebeli arCevanis gakeTebis saSualeba. es ki niSnavs, rom amomrCevlis neba damokidebuli unda
iyos saarCevno subieqtebis politikur Sexedulebebze da ara
fulze, SiSze da qrTamze.
40 cxeli Sokoladi
zedamxedveloba, TvalTvali da Careva
bavSvebs naTesavebsa da nacnobebTan dakavSirebuli ambebi
ufro gvizidavda, vidre infantilur-mistikuri zRaprebi velur dalze, samZivarze da monadire givargilze. gasarTobi
bevri ram gvqonda, magram religiur ritualebze da dakrZalvis ceremonialze yvelaze metad verTobodiT. Wiris dReze,
ojaxisTvis fulis Semkrebi da damTvleli kaci, pativsacem
adamianTa Soris, yvelaze mniSvnelovani iyo.
babuaCemisgan vicodi, rom am `Tanamdebobaze~ sando xalxs
irCevdnen. magram bolSevikebis dros erT-erT maTganSi Turme
eWvi SeeparaT da daTvlis procesze zedamxedveli miamagres
_ Seuryvneli reputaciis, ganswavluli Tanasofleli. Tumca,
sul male glexebma SeamCnies, Tu rogor agvianebda es wyvili
fulis daTvlisas, saguldagulod Carazuli karebis gaxsnas
da rogori moWarbebuli kmayofilebis grZnobiT da pirze
kocniT emSvidobeboda erTmaneTs. bolos ki, roca zedamxedvelis Svili raionSi daibares da sofelSi cxeniT amobrZanda,
_ yvela darwmunda, rom orTa kavSiri sabolood gaformda.
magram vin gabedavda xmis amoRebas?!
mocaleobis Jams, es ambavi Cems megobar meqis movuyevi. gagiJda, axta da taSi Semokra. cota ki meucnaura, magram vicodi
ra misi Tavqarianobis ambavi, daviviwye. am dRidan moyolebuli, yovel gasvenebis dRes, meqi sadRac ikargeboda. meore
komentari
diliT gabRenZili gamomecxadeboda da arakrakebda miTebs
imis Taobaze, rogor gaeqca daTvi, mgeli Tu tura. arcerTi
sityva ar daejereboda!
erT Rames qalebi raRac ucnaurad darbodnen, pirs TavsafarSi malavdnen da butbutebdnen. meore dRes ukve bavSvebmac vicodiT, rom meqis naTesavi gogona viRacam gaaupatiura
da mokla. saSineleba trialebda, _ tirili da godeba. moxuci
dedis sanugeSo sityvebi veravis moefiqrebina.
meqi mTeli kvira WirisufalTan trialebda, magram dakrZalvis dRes isev gauCinarda. aq ki Sevfiqriandi da Cemi megobari gogonebis gafrTxileba gamaxsenda: eg ucnauri ki ara,
_ giJia da girCevnia, Tavi Sors daiWiroo. SevamCnieT, rom
RamRamobiT, roca dasaZineblad vemzadebiT da vSiSvldebiT,
gviTvalTvalebso. am biWisadmi Cemi grZnobebi aseT SeZaxilebs
ar eqvemdebareboda.
_ axlac ar daijereb, rom sulelia, avadmyofi da uRmerTo!
_ momaZaxa qeTom, ampartavnuli RimiliTa da dawvrilebuli
TvalebiT.
guli imaze cuds migrZnobda, vidre erTi kviris win momxdari tragedia iyo. dakrZalvis Rames, emociebisgan daRlili da
gabruebuli, didi xani vijeqi aivanze da mTvares velaparakebodi. am dros kupriviT Savi arseba kibeze amoZvra da xeli
mtaca. meqi!
_ wamo, wamo, damexmare! _ miTxra da zed arc ki Semouxedavs,
ise gamaqana naTesavis saxlisken. ukana ezodan, xis kibiT meore
sarTulis did oTaxSi aRmovCndiT. mTels iatakze vaSli, msxali, simindi da gogra eyara.
_ daweqi, Tvalebi am WuWrutanebs daumizne da qvemoT Caixede. iatakze kargad movTavsdi da naxvretebs davaSterdi. vxe-
welia vuTvalTvalebo _ miTxra. roca Cveni saidumlos gaxmaureba SevTavaze, ar esiamovna da saSinlad iuara _ me magaSi
ver Caverevio. mTeli saqme me Semomatova. aseT saintereso
sakbilos sadRa vipovidi?! da davtrialdi.
radgan fulis moparvis da Zveli siis ganadgurebis momenti
ar daminaxavs da mowmec aravin myavda, amitom bavSvebis darwmuneba gamiWirda. amas daemata mrisxaneba, romelic meqis
falosis xsenebam gamoiwvia.
_ mag garyvnils rogor unda vendoT! aqamde sad iyo?! misi
naTesavis gaqurdvam Tu Seawuxa, sxvebis Wiri Wiri ar aris?
gamovides da Tqvas, Cven ra SuaSi varT, Tu Tavi ar hqonda ras
uTvalTvalebda?! _ ambobdnen gogonebi, magram me ukve darwmunebuli viyavi, rom saqme ukeTesobisken daiZra.
es ambavi male damTavrda: Semdeg dakrZalvaze ojaxisTvis
gaRebul daxmarebas soflis sami kaci ibarebda da, ojaxis wevris TandaswrebiT, samive iTvlida.
10 dadumebuli mamakaci da 5 ganrisxebuli qali
im dRidan moyolebuli, rac leiboristma leila gafrindaSvilma maJoritarad kenWisyra gadawyvita, mosveneba davkarge. dRe
erTi iyo da aTi nacnobi an kolega mirekavda. umravlesoba darwmunebuli iyo rom es me viyavi (anu lela=leilas) da amitom bevrma `praim TaimSic~ ki `daminaxa~, leiboristuli programis prezentaciaze. daeWvebulnic iyvnen, magram ufro metad imis gamo, rom
leiboristebi `vikadre~ da ara imitom, rom partiaSi Sevedi.
xalxi rogorc iqna movigerie. magram guli ki damwyda, rom
samoqalaqo sazogadoebis warmomadgenlebs saxeli gatexili
gvaqvs _ yvela fiqrobs, rom Tvali xelisuflebisken gviWiravs
da avtonomiuri interesi, Zala da avtoriteti ar gagvaCnia.
`_ fulze ar unda gaiyido. marTali Tqva malxaz onianma: saaxalwlod indauri
TbilisSi 100 lari Rirs da svani kacis fasi nuTu 50 lariao. Cveni neba rom iyos,
Cven malxazs avirCevdiT.~
`_ ki, SeiZleba kargi kacia, 14 micvalebuli gaasvena, magram xalxi ase ar unda
daaCaCanako, rom Tavisi mkvdari ver gaasvenos. usamarTlo mTavrobaa, ar uyvarT
xalxi. ~
dav _ Wiris dReze ojaxis dasaxmarebeli fulis (gadasaxuri)
Semgrovebeli kaci didi urduliT Carazul oTaxSi zis, Semosul Tanxas iTvlis da patara CemodanSi alagebs, Tan raRacas
gamalebiT wers.
_ axal sias wers, Zveli daxia, radgan fuli moipara. magas
vaCveneb seirs! _ Tqva meqim, kbilebi daakraWuna da Sarvlis
gaxsna daiwyo. Tavzari dameca, yvelaze saSineli ram vifiqre
_ mgoni, misi daRupuli naTesavis gzas unda gamiyenos-meTqi.
magram Sevcdi! meqim Tavisi falosi WuWrutanaSi Cayo da, rogorc Semdeg miTxra, pirvel sarTulze dabudebuli avi suli
`gaanayofiera~. me ki iqidan gondakarguli gamovvardi, pirdapir sawols veci da sabanSi saguldagulod gavexvie, jer kidev
daeWvebulma imaSi, rom yvelaferi damTavrda.
diliT es Cveni lamaria (nayofierebis RvTaeba svaneTSi) iseTi saxiT gamomecxada, viTom aqac araferi. Cemi sayveduris
vercerTi sityva ver gaigo da xeli uimedod Caiqnia. erTi
42 cxeli Sokoladi
amasobaSi arCevnebic moaxlovda da 18 maiss quTaisisken gavqusle. samarSuto taqsis mZRoli oqropiri aRmoCnda: mis
gverdiT mokalaTebul axalgazrdas, nacionaluri moZraobis
apologets, wynarad, argumentirebulad eduduneboda xelisuflebis Secdomebze, magram mopasuxe qva da rkina gamodga: Tqven
areuloba, korufcia, uSuqoba da ugazoba gindaT da imitom ar
mogwonT xelisuflebao. es Tqva da sasowarkveTilma mZRolma
ukan msxdomebs gadmogvxeda da saSvelad mogvmarTa:
_ ager, Zmao, 15 adamiani zis da vkiTxoT ramdeni aZlevs xmas
xelisuflebas, _ Tqva da ise mogvaSterda, rom saWe sul daaviwyda. umravlesobis reaqciiT gaognebuli, cota xans SeCerda,
xeli Caiqnia da mTeli gza xma aRar amouRia: aTive mamakacma
Tvalebi iataks miaStera da kiTxva miayrua. qalebma ki iseT
dReSi CavagdeT mexotbe, rom lamis droze adre Casvla gadawyvita. es ambavi goris misadgomebTan moxda da mTeli gza mxolod qalebi vlaparakobdiT da Tanac mxolod politikaze.
BACK IN THE USSR
Tbilisi . G.Tabidze Sreet 3/5 . (032) 99 08 18. 995 99 70 10 90
komentari
gamWvirvale arCevnebi
quTaisSi Cemi da, nato SemomierTda da 20 maiss dilis 10
saaTze svaneTisken gaveSureT. gzaSi meqis ambavi gavixseneT
da vTqviT _ ra kargi iqneboda, rom dakvirvebis miseuli
meTodi Cvenc gamogveyenebina, magram sad aris sxvenis an
meore sarTulis fufuneba _ Cveni saarCevno ubani sabWoTa
kulturis saxlis narCenebSia da mxolod winidan dakvirvebis saSualebas iZleva, zemodan ver gadmoxedav, ver uTvalTvaleb.
dilis 7 saaTze ubani gavxseniT. amomrCevelTa ZiriTadi
nakadi SuadRis 3 saaTamde movida. saprezidento arCevnebs
rom Sevadare, bevri ram meca TvalSi: `samarTliani arCevnebis~ damkvirvebeli ubanze aRar iyo, ianvarSi opoziciurad ganwyobil damkvirvebelTagan umravlesoba xmas ar iRebda. mxolod `qarTuli politikis~ warmomadgeneli gogona
aqtiurobda _ yvela Semomsvlels iniSnavda da ZiriTad siebs
adarebda.
SuadRisTvis me da natom Cveni ubnis ukanaskneli monacemebi
CaviwereT, manqana viqiraveT da kidev 5 ubani moviareT. yvelgan sanimuSo simSvide dagvxvda. magram ubnebTan Sekrebili
xalxi mainc ver iTmenda da Cioda. azrs ZiriTadad opoziciurad ganwyobili qalebi gamoTqvamdnen. xelisuflebis momxreebi ki dumdnen.
_ fulze ar unda gaiyido. marTali Tqva malxaz onianma:
saaxalwlod indauri TbilisSi 100 lari Rirs da svani kacis
fasi nuTu 50 lariao. Cveni neba rom iyos, Cven malxazs avirCevdiT.
_ gaiZaxian gza gaakeTa xelisuflebis kandidatmao. ki mara,
gza marto maisSi gvWirdeba svanebs?
_ ki, SeiZleba kargi kacia, 14 micvalebuli gaasvena, magram
maJoritarebSi saxelisuflebo kandidati liderobda, meore
adgilze am raionis mkvidri malxaz oniani (`qarTuli politika~ anu didi qarTveli `humanistis~, goCa fifias TanamebrZoli) gavida, xolo mesame ki _ aseve qvemo svani, respublikeli
soso mukbaniani iyo.
debi damkvirveblebi Ramis 12 saaTze mivlaslasdiT saxlSi.
ukve yvelas eZina, mxolod deidaCemi gvelodeboda. gauxarda
Cveni danaxva:
_ naSuadRevs wavedi arCevnebze. ramdeni welia Tavs vimtvrev
da dRes mivxvdi ras niSnavs Turme `gamWvirvale arCevnebi~.
yurebi vcqvite:
_ ras mixvdi, aba, miTxari.
_ saarCevno oTaxSi Sekrebili xalxi iyo gamWvirvale _ saxeze eweraT ra SedegiT damTavrdeboda es dRe, ver faravdnen
warmatebiT gamowveul sixaruls. brma ki ara var!
me da natos iseTi sicili agvivarda, rom ezoSi gamovvardiT
xmamaRla gasacineblad. davwynardiT Tu ara, deida gavacileT
da davweqiT.
TbilisSi Camosuls, arCevnebis gamaognebeli Sedegi arc gamkvirvebia.
am pirobebSi, roca xelisuflebam asormocdaaTi mandatidan
120 aiRo, mxolod sabWoTa periodi SeiZleba gagaxsendes.
1922 wlis sabWoebis I yrilobis (imdroindel parlamentSi)
delegatTa umravlesoba komunistebi iyvnen, danarCenebi, 5% ki
_ upartioebi. 1927 wlidan maT umniSvnelo raodenobis komkavSirelebi (ВЛКСМ) daematnen, xolo 1937 wlidan komunistebi
da upartioebi gaerTiandnen da komsomoli STanTqes. ufro
zustad _ igi `dedis~ wiaRs moswyda da calke damkvidrda.
sabWoTa xalxi erovnul sabWoebs (СН ВС СССР) xmas erTxmad
aZlevda manam, sanam qveyana ar dalpa. maT arCevani arasodes
`_ axal sias wers, Zveli daxia, radgan fuli moipara. magas vaCveneb seirs! _ Tqva
meqim, kbilebi daakraWuna da Sarvlis gaxsna daiwyo. Tavzari dameca, yvelaze
saSineli ram vifiqre _ mgoni, misi daRupuli naTesavis gzas unda gamiyenos-meTqi.
magram Sevcdi! meqim Tavisi falosi WuWrutanaSi Cayo da, rogorc Semdeg miTxra,
pirvel sarTulze dabudebuli avi suli `gaanayofiera~.~
xalxi ase ar unda daaCaCanako, rom Tavisi mkvdari ver gaasvenos. usamarTlo mTavrobaa, ar uyvarT xalxi.
_ ras gadagvayoles mkvdrebis gasvenebas. aba, erTi gviTxran
_ CvenTvis Tbilisidan gamogzavnili fulidan, biujetidan,
ramdeni midis Cveni deputatis jibeSi?
_ gagiJdebi, imdeni xalxi dawyda am zamTars da amomrCevelTa ricxvi gazrdilia. rasac undaT imas forxiloben. aravinaa
uaris mTqmeli.
_ Zalian bevrs isev sabWoTa pasporti gvaqvs, imis fuli da
dro ar gvaqvs, rom axali sabuTi gavakeToT. zogs saerTod
ara aqvs dokumenti, mara aZlevs xmas. aba, ra vqnaT?
lentexis olqis yvela ubanze nacionalurma moZraobam gaimarjva. reitingis mixedviT sxva partiaTa maCveneblebi am TanmimdevrobiT ganawilda _ gaerTianebuli opozicia, qristiandemokratebi, leiboristebi da respublikelebi.
44 cxeli Sokoladi
hqoniaT, radgan partiac erTi iyo da mTavrobac. bednierebis
gancda ki ideologiiT gabruebul adamiansac aqvs da Tavis
cxovrebaze pasuxismgebel, Tavisufal moqalaqesac.
“... Well the Ukraine girls really knock me out
They leave the west behind
And Moscow girls make me sing and shout
The Georgia’s always on my my my mind
I am back in the USSR
You don’t know how lucky you are, boys
Back in the USSR.”
xom gaxsovT! _ sabWoeTSi dabrunebuli vaJis lacici Tavis
qveyanasTan. pol makartnis ganmartebiT, es simRera Cak beris “Back in the USA”-is parodia yofila, sadac ukve amerikeli
Sehyefs Tavis samoTxes.
BACK IN THE USSR
foto: Tiniko noRaideli
Jurnalisti
qarTul niusrumSi
interviu olivie miSelTan
avtori: nino lomaZe
olivie miSeli Jurnalistia, France 3-is Jurnalisti, frangi Jurnalisti _ es misi TviTidentifikaciis formulaa. TiTqmis oci welia ase cxovrobs - jer aris Jurnalisti da mere
yvelaferi danarCeni. safrangeTis sazogadoebriv televiziaSi Jurnalistad ukve Cvidmeti welia muSaobs, yovelkvireuli politikuri Toq-Sous, `Tavisufali xmis~ wamyvani da
menejeria.
saqarTveloSi, pirvelad, `interniusis~ mowveviT 1999
wels Camovida. Jurnalistebs reportaJis agebas da axali
ambebis organizebas aswavlida. mas mere saqarTveloSi TiTqmis yovel wels Camodis - jer `rusTavi 2~-Si, mere `aWaris~
televiziaSi. 2006-2007 wlebSi ki sazogadoebriv mauwyebels
treiningis Casatareblad, xolo mogvianebiT, sainformacio samsaxuris ufrosis moadgilis statusiT ewvia. olivie
miSels sazogadoebriv saqmeTa institutis, saqarTveloSi
evrokomisiis warmomadgenlobisa da evrosabWos iniciativiT gamarTul media konferenciaze Sevxvdi. masTan Sexvedra da sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze saubaric swored maSin
gadavwyvite.
46 cxeli Sokoladi
_ noembris movlenebis Semdeg, sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis garSemo kamaTi kidev ufro gamwvavda da opoziciam xelisuflebas
erT-erT mTavar moTxovnad arxis xelmZRvanelobis Secvla wauyena. politikuri speqtris erTi nawili sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis
krizisis mTavar mizezad Zlier saxelisuflebo zewolas asaxelebs, meore ki, zogadad Jurnalistebisa da media menejerebis
gamoucdelobaze, korumpirebulobasa da araprofesionalizmze
saubrobs. Tqven s.m.-is xelmZRvanelobis mowveviT eqvsi Tve sainformacio samsaxuris ufrosis moadgilis funqcias asrulebdiT.
rogor muSaobs sazogadoebrivi mauwyeblis axali ambebis redaqcia da, Tqveni azriT, ra aris misi mTavari problema?
_ mTavari problema Tavad axali ambebis redaqciaa, e.w. niusrumi. sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze dRemde ar arsebobs namdvili
niusrumi, sadac Jurnalistebic, prodiuserebic da redaqtorebic erT muStad Sekrul gundad muSaoben. sadac yvelasTvis
mTavari Rirebuleba da principi maTi erTianobaa. aseTi redaqcia marto sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze ki ara, Zalian bevr
mediasaSualebaSi ar arsebobs da amas bevri mizezi aqvs.
interviu
_ modiT, TanmimdevrobiT mivyveT da am mizezebze visaubroT.
_ sazogadoebaSi isev aqtualuria komunisturi memkvidreoba da es bevr rameSi vlindeba. am SemTxvevaSi vgulisxmob
Zalian moZvelebul da araefeqtur marTvis sistemas, rodesac
yvelaferi centridan imarTeba. sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze
TiTqmis yvela gadawyvetilebas `ufrosi~ iRebs, danarCenebi ki faqtiurad mis direqtivebs asruleben. da es xandaxan,
sulac ar aris TviTon `ufrosis~ moTxovna. yvela erideba
pasuxismgeblobis Tavis Tavze aRebas da sakuTari arCevanis
gakeTebas Jurnalisti prodiusers, prodiuseri redaqtors,
redaqtori _ mTavar redaqtors andobs.
pirveli oTxi Tve sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze marTla kargad
vimuSaveT. vambob `Cven~, radgan mTeli gundi erTad viyaviT. redaqciac cota xniT namdvil niusrums daemsgavsa _ saredaqcio
Sekrebebs yovel diliT vmarTavdiT da swored am pasuxismgeblobis gadanawilebaze bevrs vsaubrobdiT. varCevdiT ra moswondaT, ra ainteresebdaT, ra ideebi hqondaT TviTon Jurnalistebs. vcdilobdi, isini siuJetis momzadebis procesSi aqtiurad
CamerTo, yvelas egrZno, rom TiToeuli maTganis gadawyvetilebebi, Sexedulebebi redaqciisTvis sainteresoa. mindoda siuJetis gakeTebamde am Temebze winaswar efiqraT, mTavari aqcentebi
Tavad daesvaT da redaqtorebisa da prodiuserebisagan mowodebuli siuJetis gegmebiT ki ar exelmZRvanelaT, aramed, Tavad
efiqraT imaze, ra undodaT, am siuJetiT eTqvaT. am mimarTulebiT marTla raRac gakeTda. axla rom vfiqrob, guli mwydeba,
radgan 8 noembers, sagangebo mdgomareobis gamocxadebisTanave,
absoluturad yvelaferi kontrolis qveS moeqca da rac oTxi
Tvis ganmavlobaSi gavakeTeT, yvelaferi wyalSi Caiyara.
_ kontrolSi ras gulisxmobT, vin gakontrolebdaT?
_ 8 noembridan Cven viyaviT erTaderTi televizia, romelsac sagangebo mdgomareobis periodSi axali ambebis eTerSi gaSveba kanoniT hqonda nebadarTuli. mxolod am faqtis
gamo mTeli redaqcia panikurma SiSma moicva. sazogadoebrivi
mauwyeblis xelmZRvaneli sul axali ambebis redaqciaSi iyo,
rom eTerSi gasvlamde yvela siuJeti enaxa, yvela teqsti waekiTxa da yvela interviu moesmina, `sadme Secdoma rom ar
gaparuliyo~. yvelgan es ismoda, rom am kritikul periodSi
aTmagad, aTasmagad frTxilad vyofiliyaviT. ras niSnavs es
`frTxilad yofna~? es ar aris cenzura _ am sityvis pirdapiri gagebiT. Tumca, es `frTxilad~ absolutur kontrolSi
gaqcevs. radgan Jurnalistebma ar ician kanoni sityvis Tavisuflebis Sesaxeb, ar ician ra aris maTi legitimuri ufleba
da amitom, zedmetad frTxiloben da eSiniaT. SiSis dros ki
kontroli Zalian advilia.
cenzura ra aris? sul ar aris aucilebeli yovel dilas viRac girekavdes da konkretul miTiTebebs gaZlevdes. am SiSis
reJimSi cxovrebas nel-nela eCvevi da Tavad iwyeb, rbilad
rom vTqvaT _ araTamami gadawyvetilebebis miRebas _ es ukve
TviTcenzuraa.
_ TviTcenzura mxolod kanonebis arcodnis Sedegia?
_ cenzura da kontroli Zalian safrTxilo terminebia da
maTze ase calsaxad saubari ar gamodis. Tu profesionali,
damoukidebeli Jurnalistebi gvinda gvyavdes, pirvel rigSi,
maT unda mivceT saSualeba Tavad gadawyviton, rogor moiqcnen da Sedegze TviTon aiRon pasuxismgebloba. es, ra Tqma
unda, erT dReSi ar moxerxdeba. Jurnalistebi unda Seecadon
moipovon ndoba TavianTi ufrosebisganac. prodiuserebi da
redaqtorebi Jurnalistebs ar endobian. aseve amboben, maTi
marTva aucilebelia, radgan isini saSinlad zarmacebi da araprofesionalebi ariano.
_ s.m.-s ar hyavs profesionali Juranlistebi, iseTebi, saqmes
rom andoben?
_ ar mesmis ras niSnavs ar gvyavs profesionali Jurnalistebi. rogor ar gvyavs. me piradad Sevxvedrivar Zalian saintereso studentebs, Jurnalistebs s.m-zec da mis gareTac. ar
arsebobs msoflioSi mediis umaRlesi saswavlebeli, saidanac
pirdapir magar Jurnalistebs uSveben. profesionalizms wlebis gamocdileba sWirdeba. magram Tu Jurnalists Tavisuflad
muSaobis da damoukideblad gadawyvetilebis miRebis saSualeba ar aqvs, im codnas da profesiul Cvevebsac kargavs, rac
skolam misca. rusTavzec, s.m.-ec sul es ismis, axlave, erTi
xelis mosmiT undaT gaCndnen magari Jurnalistebi, romlebsac profesiuli pasuxismgebloba aqvT, magram Tan zedmetic
ar unda mouvideT. imitom, rom meti pasuxismgeblobis miniWeba, maTze kontrolis dakargvasac niSnavs. es ki, ufrosobas ar
moswons. amitom profesionalizmze da Jurnalistikis maRal
standartebze saubari mxolod ritorikad rCeba. ai, jerjerobiT am Caketil wreze vtrialebT.
meore mizezi is aris, rom ar arsebobs erTianobis gancda
TviTon Jurnalistebs Soris, razec dasawyisSic visaubreT. es
sakmaod rTuli profesiaa. Jurnalistebs erTmaneTis mxardaWera sWirdebaT. garantia imisa, rom rTul situaciaSi mTeli
redaqcia da, Tu saWiro gaxda, yvela Jurnalisti erTad dadgeba erTis uflebebis dasacavad. es Zalian mniSvnelovania,
radgan yovelTvis iarsebeben Zalebi, vinc mediiT manipulirebas Seecdeba. amitom Jurnalistma seriozuli gadawyvetilebis miRebis dros unda icodes, rom ar aris marto da mis ukan
mTeli media korpusi dgas.
Zalian mniSvnelovania, aseve maTi socialuri garantiebi da xelfasebi. rodesac Seni samsaxuridan daTxovna Sens
ufross nebismier dros yvelanairi axsna-ganmartebebis gareSe SeuZlia, Znelia pirovnul damoukideblobasa da Tavisuflebaze saubari. yvelas Tavisi cxovreba, ojaxi da
problemebi aqvs. Svidi noembris merec es moxda. yvelas samsaxuris dakargvis SeeSinda, pasuxismgeblobas gaeqcnen da
patara wvrilmanzec ki TiTs zemoT iSverdnen. am mimarTulebiT sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze araferi keTdeba. oTxi
Tve damWirda imisTvis, rom yvela JurnalistisTvis xelfasi daeniSnaT. verc is gavige, ris mixedviT gansazRvraven
saxelfaso politikas. ramdenime marTla karg Jurnalists
hqonda samjer dabali xelfasi, vidre diqtorebs, televiziis saxeebs. ar aris es swori.
SevarCieT aTi marTla kargi Jurnalisti, politikis, ekonomikis, socialuri Temebis gasaSuqeblad. araferi gamovida,
imitom, rom Tu gaqvs meti pasuxismgebloba, unda gqondes
meti xelfasic _ es elementarulia, magram aravis ainteresebs. am dros, Zalian bevrs vTxovT Jurnalistebs, gvinda, rom
bolomde ibrZolon, simarTle daicvan, gmirebi iyvnen _ anu
miaRwion imas, rasac Cven, evropaSi, 50-60 weli movandomeT. ra
Tqma unda, gvinda French public service, Washington Post da New York
Times. magram kargiT, ra! viyoT realistebi _ Cven axla qar-
cxeli Sokoladi
47
interviu
Tul mediaze vsaubrobT da unda gvaxsovdes is politikuri,
socialuri da ekonomikuri konteqsti, sadac vimyofebiT. da
rac mTavaria, gvqondes survili, rom es yvelaferi Seicvalos
_ rac, samwuxarod, me ver davinaxe.
Jurnalistebis TviTidentifikaciac arasworad xdeba _ pirvel rigSi, isini arian qarTvelebi, mere arian TanamSromlebi
da mxolod amis Semdeg arian Jurnalistebi. sxva profesiis
adamianebisTvis es cota rTuli asaxsnelia, magram Jurnalisti TviTidentifikacias swored sakuTari profesiiT unda axdendes. es aris aqtiuri moqalaqe, romelic pativs scems da
Relavs sakuTar xalxze, romelic sakuTari principebidan gamomdinare, damoukideblad iRebs gadawyvetilebas da SeuZlia
uaris Tqma.
_ s.m.-Si amboben xolme uars Jurnalistebi?
_ Zalian iSviaTad. da am moments politikosebi efeqturad
iyeneben, am saqmis namdvili ostatebi arian. magram uaris Tqma
maSin aris Zneli, rodesac aseTi Jurnalisti mxolod erTia.
warmoidgineT aTi Jurnalisti, vinc Tqva `ara~ erTdroulad.
ras izam, rodesac mTavari redaqtori xar, gaagdeb yvelas? verafersac ver izam. radgan Seni saqmea 6 saaTis gamoSvebisTvis
axali ambebi gauSva eTerSi. amitom, iZulebuli xar waxvide molaparakebaze, daTmo. isev erTianobasTan da solidarobasTan
mivdivarT. ase saz. mauwyebelSi arasdros xdeba.
vTqvaT, masalaze muSaob, mTeli dRe darbixar _ iReb interviuebs, wer narativs da axali ambebis gamoSvebisTvis marTla
karg siuJets amzadeb. modis `ufrosi~ da geubneba, rom ase
dawyeba ar Rirs (da es `ar Rirs~ niSnavs `ar undas~), an es
interviu ar aris saintereso da sxva, SenTvis absoluturad
uintereso unda Cawero. nel-nela xvdebi, rom es ar aris is
ambavi, risi gakeTebac Sen gindoda. es ar iyo Seni saTqmeli.
_ Tu kategoriulad ar eTanxmebi prodiusers (mTavar redaqtors) da cdilob dausabuTo Seni pozicia, mogyavs argumentebi, ekamaTebi?
_ amaze Zalian xSirad saubroben (gansakuTrebiT, ucxoeli
Jurnalistebi), magram ar aris ase advili, damijereT. niusrumSi es warmoudgenelicaa, radgan yvelaze mTavari axali
ambebis redaqciaSi droa _ unda moaswro. amdeni kamaTis da
gansjis dro aravis aqvs. amitom, ufro xSirad, giwevs is gaakeTo, rasac mogTxoven. getyvian, magaliTad, rom am Temaze
aucilebelia CavweroT is komentari. ekiTxebi, ratom da gpasuxoben _ imitom. ar arsebobs profesiuli, argumentirebuli kamaTi da msjeloba. yovelTvis ver iqneba Jurnalisti
sabrZolo ganwyobaze, mosawyenia ase muSaoba. etyvian _ waxval da aqa da aq, Cawer ama da am intervius da gaakeTeb aseT
ambavs. Jurnalistic bolos uqnevs Tavs, fuW kamaTs da Cxubs
Tavi rom aaridos, an ufrosis keTilganwyoba rom daimsaxuros. ase nel-nela iqcevian Jurnalistebi mediajariskacebad.
mmarTveloba maTgan Tan pasuxismgeblobas, motivacias iTxovs da, amave dros, Zalian viwro da mkacr CarCoebSi svams.
Tumca calsaxad prodiuserebsac ver davadanaSaulebT,
radgan amdeni fiqris da gansjis dro arc maT aqvT. bevrjer
minaxavs s.m.-Si prodiuserebi rom tirodnen. rcxvenodaT imisi, rasac akeTebdnen. ori varianti aqvT _ an samsaxuri unda
datovon, imitom, rom maT azrs aravin iTvaliswinebs an unda
daemorCilon miTiTebebs zemodan. umetesoba Tavis dacvis mizniT meores irCevs. yofila, rom prodiusers CemTvis uTqvams, siuJetis gakeTeba `zemodan~ damavaleso. gamiyvania calke
oTaxSi, mimixuravs kari da miTqvams _ me xom sainformacios
ufrosis moadgile var, miTxari vin dagavala da me gavarkvev
saqmes-meTqi. ver mpasuxobdnen, imitom, rom arc aravis dauvalebia. warmoidgineT, aris SemTxvevebi, rodesac aravin
arafers eubnebaT da TviTon iReben aseT gadawyvetilebas.
imitom, rom eSiniaT, an isev ufrosebis keTilganwyobis mopovebas cdiloben.
_ rogor unda daupirispirde am sistemas, ra unda gaakeTon
Jurnalistebma, Tavisuflad muSaoba rom SeZlon?
_ aucilebelia Seiqmnas televiziebis, presisa da radios
Jurnalistebis erTiani sabWo, klubi Tu raime sxva saxis gaerTianeba, romelic am problemebis gadawyvetas Seecdeba.
es unda iyos sityvis Tavisuflebis dasacavad, politikuri
zewolis winaaRmdeg gaerTianebuli mTeli mediakorpusi, absoluturad damoukidebeli nebismieri politikuri Tu sxva
zegavlenisgan. Jurnalistebma unda SeimuSavon saerTo qcevis
kodeqsi, daaweson sanqciebi, kodeqsis damrRvevTaTvis, moaweron xeli memorandums da TavianT SemuSavebul kanonebs
daemorCilon.
media sabWoSi yvela wvrilmans da, erTi SexedviT yvelaze
umniSvnelo Secdomebsac unda arCevdnen. magram mxolod media klubis SigniT da mxolod Jurnalistebs Soris. gvaxsovs
albaT, rac moxda kodoris incidentis gaSuqebis dros. verc
erTma arxma ver gviTxra darwmunebiT, ra moxda im avtobusebSi. vin iuwyeboda, vin adasturebda am informacias. faqtiurad
mTeli dRe varaudebs vismendiT- es Zalian uxeSi Secdomaa. ai,
amgvari ambebi unda ganixilebodes media klubSi.
_ rodesac CvenTan sityvis Tavisuflebaze saubroben, xSirad
isev SevardnaZis mmarTvelobis wlebs ixseneben...
_ erTia, rom unda damTavrdes mudmivad SevardnaZis prezidentobis periodis mediis oqros xanad moxsenieba. dro midis
xelisuflebas yovelTvis unda mediis kontrolqveS moqceva. saqarTveloSi
es zewola ufro Sedegiani gamodga, swored susti niusrumis da susti
menejmentis gamo. Tavisuflebas medias aravin aCuqebs, is Jurnalistebma
Tavad unda moipovon, magram saqme arc aq mTavrdeba. Tavisuflebas
mowesrigeba da mere SenarCuneba sWirdeba. mxolod furcelze dawerili
gancxadeba, rom s.m. damoukidebeli televiziaa, arafers niSnavs.
48 cxeli Sokoladi
interviu
da dRes sxva msoflioSi vcxovrobT. amitom, warsulSi yurebas Tavi davaneboT da vizrunoT imaze, rom arsebuli situaciidan movnaxoT gamosavali. `rusTavi 2~-Si dRemde sul amas
ixseneben _ ra magari iyo erosis `rusTavi 2~, rogori Zalaufleba da gavlena hqondaT Jurnalistebs. droa dafiqrdnen
imazec, rom axla maT gacilebiT meti gamocdileba aqvT da
nebismier gamowvevas da problemas ukeT momzadebulebi unda
Sexvdnen.
meore sakiTxia obieqturi realoba _ medias, gansakuTrebiT
televiziebs, nebismier qveyanaSi uzarmazari Zalaufleba da
gavlena aqvT sazogadoebaze. amitom aris es sfero politikurad saintereso. xelisuflebas yovelTvis unda mediis kontrolqveS moqceva. saqarTveloSi es zewola ufro Sedegiani
gamodga, swored susti niusrumis da susti menejmentis gamo.
Tavisuflebas medias aravin aCuqebs, is Jurnalistebma Tavad
unda moipovon, magram saqme arc aq mTavrdeba. Tavisuflebas
mowesrigeba da mere SenarCuneba sWirdeba. mxolod furcelze dawerili gancxadeba, rom s.m. damoukidebeli televiziaa,
arafers niSnavs.
_ ra iyo s.m.-ze miwvevis mTavari mizani, risi Secvla undodaT sainformacio samsaxurSi, raSi dasWirdaT Tqveni daxmareba?
_ arxis xelmZRvanelobis SemoTavazeba rom wavikiTxe, gavocdi, magrad momewona da damainteresa. ewera, rom undaT
axali, efeqturi marTvis sistemis Seqmna, sazogadoebasTan
daaxloeba da sruliad axali sainformacio politikis gansazRvra. STambeWdavi SemoTavazeba iyo, maSinve vTqvi mivdivarmeTqi. zustad erT TveSi mivxvdi, rom aseTi gasagebic ar yofila yvelaferi im dokumentSi.
irakli oqruaSvilis saqmemde TiTqos yvelaferi normalurad midioda. gvqonda samsaaTiani pirdapiri eTeri, roca daakaves da vTvli, rom kargad vimuSaveT. balansic davicaviT,
ar CavicikleT sensaciebze, erTi sityviT, kargi iyo.
erTi dRis Semdeg: bokeriam gaakeTa TiTqmis xuTwuTiani
gancxadeba, sadac nacionaluri moZraobis saxeliT irakli
oqruaSvilis dakavebis faqtze akeTebda komentars. da iciT,
ra gavakeTeT s.m.-Si? vaCvenebdiT bokerias srul xuTwuTian
gamosvlas yovelsaaTian gamoSvebaSi. Tavidan vTqvi _ kargi,
ratomac ara. magram ase yovel saaTs, xuTi wuTi bokeria, daumontaJeblad. es raRac saSineleba iyo. 5 saaTze ukve gangaSi avtexe, mTeli menejmenti avawriale. riTi imarTlebdnen,
iciT, Tavs? meubnebodnen, rom es balansis dasacavad gaakeTes.
wina dRes Zalian bevri opoziciis warmomadgenlis Sefasebebi
movismineT da dRes nacionalur moZraobasac movusminoTo.
veravin xvdeboda, rom es TviTon bokeriasac sulelur mdgomarebaSi ayenebda. xalxs bunebrivad uCndeboda azri, rom es
misi miTiTebiT gavakeTeT. mainteresebs, visTvis iyo es momgebiani?
_ vin miiRo es gadawyvetileba?
_ mTavarma redaqtorma. axali ambebis prodiuseri lamis
tiroda, radgan verafris gakeTeba ver SeZlo. me ramdenime
saaTi gauCereblad bokerias gamosvlis amoRebas, an ukidures
SemTxvevaSi, mis damontaJebas da yovel gamoSvebaSi patara,
15-wamiani monakveTebis Casmas viTxovdi. ubralod, veravin
daviTanxme. da ra gamovida? sanimuSod SevasruleT viRacis
brZaneba da yvelani uceb mediajariskacebad gadaviqeciT. ase
muSaoba Tu yoveldRiur rutinad iqca, nel-nela fiqrsac gadaeCvevi. modundebi da am Zalian araswor sistemas daemorCilebi. Jurnalistebi mTel msoflioSi ibrZvian damoukideblobis mosapoveblad. safrangeTSi mec politikas vaSuqebdi da
mqonia Cems redaqtorTan Zalian mwvave kamaTi. yofila isec,
rom gamikeTebia is, rasac ufrosi iTxovda.
_ sakamaTo situaciaSi vin iRebs saboloo gadawyvetilebas,
siuJetis avtori Tu redaqtori?
_ sabolood mainc Jurnalisti wyvets. Tumca, Tavad faqti,
rom is Seni ufrosia, yovelTvis arsebobs. amitomac aris is
Seni ufrosi, rom sakamaTo dros gadawyvetileba, saboloo
sityva man Tqvas da pasuxismgebloba TviTon aiRos. magram
CemTan SeTanxmebis gareSe ufrosi ver Semicvlis teqsts da
ver daadebs sxva narativs. me SeiZleba gavakeTo is, rasac
ufrosi mTxovs Tu es ar cvlis Tavad faqts da ar ewinaaRmdegeba Cems principebs _ ar cvlis realobas. es aris arsebiTi gansxvaveba.
marTali giTxraT, arasdros minaxavs romelime politikoss
mTavari redaqtorisTvis daerekos da rame eTxovos. vicodi,
rom es xdeboda, magram piradad me arasdros Sevswrebivar.
samagierod, minaxavs rogor uTqvams mTavar redaqtors uari
aseTi miTiTebebis Sesrulebaze. Jurnalisti erT-erTi klinikis daxurvis Temaze siuJets amzadebda da SemTxveviT es ambavi maSindelma sameTvalyureo sabWos wevrma gaigo. rogorc
mere aRmoCnda, piradi interesebis gamo am ambavma saSinlad
aaRelva da gabrazebulma Jurnalistis Tvalwin arxis xelmZRvanels daureka. vin aris es gogo, rogor bedavs Sen daukiTxavad aseTi siuJetis gakeTebaso. aucileblad, unda SevxvdeT
da es ambavi gavarkvioTo. ra aris es? amas sameTvalyureo sabWos wevri akeTebs, visi umTavresi funqciac swored saredaqcio damoukideblobis uzrunvelyofaa. es kaci samsaxuridan
maSinve unda gaeTavisuflebinaT, magram aravin araferi Tqva,
bolomde iyo sabWos wevri.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 138
sazogadoebriv mauwyebelze TiTqmis yvela gadawyvetilebas `ufrosi~ iRebs,
danarCenebi ki faqtiurad mis direqtivebs asruleben. da es xandaxan, sulac
ar aris TviTon `ufrosis~ moTxovna. yvela erideba pasuxismgeblobis Tavis
Tavze aRebas da sakuTari arCevanis gakeTebas Jurnalisti prodiusers,
prodiuseri redaqtors, redaqtori _ mTavar redaqtors andobs.
50 cxeli Sokoladi
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
interviu
respublikelebis dilema
daviT usufaSvili _
respublikelebs gvWirdeboda civi Sxapi
avtori: nino beqiSvili
saqarTvelos respublikur partias, swored arCevnebis dRes,
2008 wlis 21 maiss 30 weli Seusrulda. saqarTveloSi dRes
moqmed partiebs Soris yvelaze Zvelma, principulobiT da
liberaluri Rirebulebisadmi erTgulebiT gamorCeulma da
naklebad populisturma partiam saparlamento arCevnebSi
5 procentiani barieris gadalaxva da parlementSi moxvedra
ver moaxerxa. respublikuri partiis Tavmjdomarem, daviT
usufaSvilma politikurad Zalian cxeli, ukanaskneli cxraTviani periodic mimoixila da saarCevno kampaniisas respublikleTa mier daSvebul Secdomebzec isaubra.
batono daviT, Tqveni azriT, ra gviCvena ukanasknelma arCevnebma, realurad ra Sedegi miviReT?
saparlamento arCevnebi Znelia ganvixiloT im konteqstis
gareSe, rac mas win uZRoda. albaT, ufro bolo cxraTvian
52 cxeli Sokoladi
periodze unda visaubroT, romlis kulminaciac saparlamento
arCevnebi namdvilad iyo. axla raRac etapi dasrulda da ukve
SesaZlebelia analizi. ufro metic _ es Zalian saSuri saqmea.
ramdenime politolog-analitikossac mivmarTeT TxovniT,
damsxdariyvnen, gaenalizebinaT bolodroindeli movlenebi
da daeweraT amis Sesaxeb. gvgonia, rom Cveni xedva aSkarad
ar iqneba sakmarisi movlenebis srulfasovnad Sesafaseblad
_ bunebrivia, ar SegviZlia sakuTari Tavi da Cveni monawileobiT warmarTuli procesebi obieqturad SevafasoT. Tumca,
amas namdvilad vcdilobT. ramdenime Sexvedrac mivuZRveniT
am sakiTxs, vapirebT postsaarCevno broSuris gamocemas. rogorc wesi, saarCevno periodSia xolme aseTi tipis weriloebiTi urTierToba partiebsa da amomrCevels Soris, magram Cven,
uaxloes xanebSi, am broSuras sakmaod didi tiraJiT mivawodebT amomrCevels, romelsac bevri kiTxva daugrovda _ ra
moxda, rogor moxda, ratom moxda da a. S.
interviu
mTavari, rac SeiZleba vTqvaT, Cveni azriT, esaa _ SevardnaZiT SeiZleboda dasrulebuliyo postkomunisturi epoqa,
magram bolo wlebis `monagari~ migvaniSnebs, rom es ver moxerxda da postkomunizmi saqarTveloSi grZeldeba. sazogadoebrivi procesebi da maT Soris, politikuri procesebi
im mimarTulebiT ganviTarda, romlis mizanic namdvilad ar
aris Tavisufali moqalaqis, individis Camoyalibeba. postsabWoTa sazogadoebaSi politikuri procesebi iqiT unda iyos
mimarTuli, rom moqalaqeebs gauCndeT gancda, _ swored isini arian am qveynis patronebi, am qveynis momavalze pasuxismgebelni. am tendenciebis gaRvivebis nacvlad, bolo wlebi
moxmarda (arCevnebi amis gvirgvini iyo) sruliad sxva mimarTulebas _ moqalaqis fasi aris noli, individi sinamdvileSi
arafers wyvets da, Sesabamisad, is arcaa pasuxismgebeli araferze. amitom, Zalian martivad SeiZleba gaakeTo arCevani,
biuletenSi garkveuli nomris Semoxazva rom hqvia. es sakiTxi davida teqnikur proceduramde da ver iqca individis,
moqalaqis, sazogadoebrivi cxovrebis kulminaciur momentad, roca yvelafris gaanalizebis, Sejamebis Semdeg akeTeb
arCevans, imaze, rac Seni sapatronoa, Seni mosavlelia. amis
sapirispirod, sazogadoebrivi cxovrebidan moqalaqis, individis gandevna moxda da is mxolod teqnikur Semsruleblad
gadaiqca.
es xelisuflebaSi myofi gundis garkveuli xedvebis Sedegia, maT daijeres Zalian cnobili postulati _ `saxelmwifo es me var~. am daskvnamde misvla Zalian advilia, Tuki
sazogadoebis dRevandel mdgomareobas Sexedav da ityvi _
rogor SeiZleba am xalxs endo, maT ar ician, ra aris swori
an araswori. aq ori gzaa. an unda waxvide iqiT, sadac wavida
es xelisufleba _ sazogadoebam araferi icis, samagierod,
Cven viciT yvelaferi da Cven gadavwyvetT yvelaferso. es
garkveuli Sedegebis misaRwevad mokle da ioli gzaa. aris
meore gza, romelic, Cveni azriT sworia _ rodesac daaskvni,
rom dRes sazogadoeba bevr sakiTxSi ver erkveva, ufro meti
unda imuSao, rom man, sazogadoebam SeiZinos is unar-Cvevebi,
is Tvisebebi, rac saWiroa swori gadawyvetilebebis misaRebad. es grZeli gzaa, am gziT, xelisuflebam, SesaZloa, is
reformebi, romelic dagegemili aqvs, moklevadian periodSi
ver gaataros. meore gzasac _ `saxelmwifo me var, da me vici,
rasac vakeTeb~, aqvs SesaZlo ganStoebebi. magaliTad, postsabWoTa sivrceSi yofila SemTxvevebi, rodesac romeliRac
mTavrobebma Tavis Tavze aiRes pasuxismgebloba da Sokuri
Terapiis saxeliT cnobili reformebi gaatares. magram es
arCevnebamde gagrZelda, arCevnebze ki sazogadoebas misces
Tavisufaleba da amas Seewirnen kidec. bolos, isev xalxs
hkiTxes, gindivar Tu ar gindivaro. CvenTan am araswori gzis
meore safexurzec isev araswori nabiji gadaidga. Tqves,
arCevnebzec aRar vkiTxoT xalxs araferi da nebismieri saSualebiT isev davrCeT xelisuflebaSio. aq fundamenturi
problemebi Cans da es yvelaferi ver daiyvaneba romelime
konkretul pirovnebamde. is, rac am bolo or arCevnebze vnaxeT, swored imis dasturi gaxldaT, rom saxelmwifo ufro
Zlieria, vidre sazogadoeba; saxelmwifom, biurokratiulma
manqanam iZalada sazogadoebaze.
ras gulismobT am frazaSi _ `ufro magari var~? imas, rom ufro
meti Zalaufleba maqvs, Tu imas, me ufro progresuli var da
amiT vZaladob Senze?
arCevnebze aseTi tipis Zaladoba iyo _ me SemiZlia gagakeTebino is, rac minda. uamravi patimris dedas uTxres, rom Tu
amden xmas gaaxerxeb, Sens Svils gavaTavisuflebTo. es imdenad
akrZaluli xerxebiT moqmedi saxelmwifoa, rom gansakuTrebuli mniSvneloba aRar hqonda, vin ramden procents miiRebda.
gacilebiT meti datvirTva hqonda TviTon procesis formas.
arsebobs movlenebi, rodesac forma ufro mniSvnelovania,
vidre Sinaarsi. arCevnebi swored aseTi movlenaa. arCevnebSi
formaa mTavari, demokratiaSic formaa mTavari. Cveni xelisuflebis gavleniani warmomadgenlebi ramdenime wlis win sakmaod Tamamad Semodiodnen diskusiaSi imis Sesaxeb, ra ufro
mniSvnelovania _ proceduruli demokratia Tu miRweuli kargi Sedegi. amgvari procesebi demokratiulma sazogadoebebma
100-150 wlis win gaiares, rodesac iqac iyo msgavsi debatebi.
dRes ukve aRaravin davobs imaze, rom demokratia formaa da
procedurebia. danarCeni damokidebulia xalxis nebaze, am nebis formirebaze.
sabolood, es arCevnebi SegviZlia SevafasoT ara romelime
partiis marcxad, aramed, mTeli qarTuli sazogadoebis marcxad, romelmac Zalian rTuli gza ganvlo 90-iani wlebidan
dRemde, bevri travma miiRo, iseTi, romelmac Zalian Seasusta misi saxelmwifoebrivad azrovnebis Tu mowyobis unari da
Zala. adamianebi, Tavisufali sazogadoebis saukeTeso samSeneblo masala, xelidan gamogvecala da sazogadoebis struqturireba garkveul qvesistemebad ver moxerxda. rom aRaraferi
vTqvaT moqalaqeobriv solidarobaze, romelic raime tipis
demokratiuli sistemis funqcionirebisTvis aucilebeli pirobaa. rodesac, vTqvaT, baTumSi xelisuflebisgan uasamarTlod daCagrul moqalaqes vinme Telavidan exmianeba _ es
Zalian Sori perspeqtivaa. ar arsebobs arc profesiuli solidaroba. mxolod solidarobis grZnobis mqone sazogadoebas SeuZlia demokratiulad moewyos da individis uflebebi
da Tavisuflebebi iyos daculi. CvenTan piriqiT xdeba, isea
yvelaferi mowyobili, rom rac SeiZleba metma adamianma ifiqros _ es Cemi saqme ar aris, me Cemi problema movagvare da
amis iqiT ra xdeba, ar mainteresebs. kerZo sakuTrebac ki, Tu
solidarobis gancda ar arsebobs, veRar dgeba Tavisuflebis
da demokratiis samsaxurSi. kerZo sakuTreba zogadad daculi
rom iyos, Cemi da Tqveni erTnairi mondomebiT unda davicva.
am xelisuflebam marTva sakmaod mkveTri reformebiT daiwyo da
mosaxleobaSi garkveulwilad SiSi sindromi gaCnda. rogor fiqrobT, dRevandeli qarTuli sazogadoeba, gansxvavdeba im xalxisgan, romelmac 2003 wels revolucia moaxdina?
2003 wlis revolucia imave xalxma moaxdina, romelic 20072008 wlebSi kidev ufro farTo warmomadgenlobiT imave quCaze ramdenjerme movida. meqmneba STabeWdileba, rom es igive
xalxia, man iseTive pasuxismgebloba gamoavlina, rogorc 2003
wels. aqac, vinme rom gaZRoloda, SeiZleba, xalxi gahyoloda
kidec, magram es ar iyo mkafiod gamokveTili sazogadoebrivi dakveTa _ adamianebi mixvdnen, rom es araa gza, romelic
sadRac migviyvans. revoluciebis precedentad qceva ukiduresad saxifaToa saxelmwifoebriobisTvis. dRevandel sazogadoebas xifaTis meti gancda aqvs, vidre SevardnaZis epoqaSi
hqonda. maSin ufro imiT iyo Sewuxebuli, rom araferi ar xdeboda, uZraobis xana idga. xelisufleba dRes gacilebiT ufro
dinamiuria, gacilebiT met cvlilebebze midis, bevri cvlicxeli Sokoladi
53
interviu
leba arasworia da Tan Seuqcevadi xasiaTisaa. rac ar unda
kargi reforma gaataro saganmanaTleblo sistemaSi, Tu Semdeg Svilebi xedaven, rom mSoblebi winaurdebian ara imitom,
rom ukeT Sromoben, an ukeTesi ganaTleba aqvT, aramed sxva
raRacebis gamo, CaTvaleT, rom Cven Svilebs momavalze sul
sxva warmodgenebi uviTardebaT _ Sroma da ganaTleba ar aris
aucilebeli, sxva gzebiT SeiZleba miaRwio warmatebas. saganmanaTleblo sistema marto is araa, rac skolaSi xdeba, igive
iTqmis sasamarTlozec _ sasamarTlos daqvemdebareba politikuri xelisuflebis mier, zogadad samarTlianobis gacnobierebaze moqmedebs. es mxolod im xalxis problema araa,
romelic sasamarTloSi midis da iq samarTals ver poulobs.
ingreva samarTlianobis gancda da isic, rom Rirs samarTlianobisTvis brZola.
vardebis revoluciis Semdeg, rogorc vici, Tqven ramdenjerme
SemogTavazes saxelisuflebo Tanamdeboba da uari TqviT. ratom? amiT pasuxismgeblobas xom ar gaeqeciT?
raRacaze uars rom ityvi, SeiZleba, didad dasafasebeli
da saamayo ar iyos _ es erTi SexedviTs niSnavs, rom pasuxismgeblobas gaeqeci. magram pasuxismgeblobas raRac sxva tipis ganmartebac aqvs. pasuxismgebloba unda aiRo iq, maSin da
Semsruleblad vWirdebodi maT. bunebrivia, amazec uari vTqvi.
maSin, 2003 wlis noembris bolos “niu-iork taimsSi” daibeWda
Cemi interviu, sadac vambobdi, rom axla saqarTveloSi movida xelisufleba, romlis yvela nabiji unda gakontroldes.
zogadad, xelisuflebaSi im gundis mosvlas aqvs azri, romelsac grZeli gza aqvs gavlili da sazogadoebas misgan naklebi
siurprizebi elis. xelisuflebis olimpze mosuli 100-idan 99
individi ganwirulia imisTvis, rom masSi iZalos Zaladobis
survilma. ase rom ar moxdes, sabolood, es mxolod Sida meqanizmebma unda uzrunvelyos. magaliTad, ivliane xaindrava
da daTo usufaSvili Tu arian ministrebi, moqalaqeebs SeuZliaT mSvidad iZinon, imitom, rom pirvel rigSi, parlamentamde da sasmarTloebamde xaindrava ar miscems saSualebas
usufaSvils, sadme gautios da piriqiT. rogorc Cans, mxolod
konstitucia da kanonebi ar aris sakmarisi imisTvis, rom mmarTvelebma WkuiT ganvlon TavianTi gza. aq Semodis religiuri Temebi, partiul-organizaciuli Temebi, pasuxismgebloba
partiis ukandmdgomi eSelonebis winaSe, xalxis xmis gancda.
saparlamento arCevnebze Cveni calke wasvlis erT-erTi mTavari Teoriuli argumenti swored is iyo, rom saparlamento
arCevnebze sazogadoebas ar SeiZleba SesTavazo raime yalbi,
butaforiuli, romelic warmatebis SemTxvevaSi imave sazogadoebisTvis iqceva problemad _ moixedavs xalxi da uzarmazar
postsabWoTa sazogadoebaSi politikuri procesebi iqiT unda iyos
mimarTuli, rom moqalaqeebs gauCndeT gancda, _ swored isini arian
am qveynis patronebi, am qveynis momavalze pasuxismgebelni. am
tendenciebis gaRvivebis nacvlad, bolo wlebi moxmarda (arCevnebi
amis gvirgvini iyo) sruliad sxva mimarTulebas _ moqalaqis fasi
aris noli, individi sinamdvileSi arafers wyvets da, Sesabamisad, is
arcaa pasuxismgebeli araferze.
imaze, sadac xedav, rom SegiZlia gaumklavde saqmes, gaakeTo
ukeTesi sazogadoebisTvis da ar emsaxuro uaress. Cemi uaris mizezi yovelTvis es iyo _ gagakeTebineben saqmes swori
mimarTulebiT Tu ara? 2003 wlis seqtembris dasawyisSi saakaSvils surda, rom maSindeli saparlamento partiuli siis
pirveli nomeri vyofiliyavi. maSin is sakrebulos Tavmjdomare iyo da saprezidento arCevnebisTvis emzadeboda, romelic
ori wlis Semdeg, horizontze Canda. Tvlida, rom sWirdeboda
iseTi tipaJi, vinc misi Semavsebeli, damasrulebeli iqneboda.
im xalxTan, vinc maSin iyo siaSi, kargs verafers gavakeTebdi. amitom, uari vTqvi. revoluciis Semdgom dReebSi, iusticiis ministroba SemomTavazes, maSin ramdenime kiTxva davsvi.
konstituciuri cvlilebebis Sesaxeb mipasuxes, rom parlamenti swrafi reformebis xelisSemSlelia da unda Sesustdes,
aRmasrulebeli xelisufleba ki unda gaZlierdes, iyo maJoritarebis, SevardnaZis bobolebTan gamklavebis Tema. Zalian
mkafiod davinaxe yvelaferi, rac Semdeg sxvadasxva iusticiis
ministrebis xeliT gakeTda. es iyo politikuri dakveTa, amis
54 cxeli Sokoladi
SeuTavseblobebs da gansxvavebul xedvebs dainaxavs. amitom,
Tu politikur cxovrebaze vsaubrobT, individi aq arafer
SuaSia. politika erTiani xedvebis mqone adamianebis jgufis
sakeTebeli saqmea. ise, politikis gareSe individma SeiZleba
uamravi ram akeTo, iyo kargi Jurnalisti, eqsperti, poeti,
adamianis uflebebis damcveli. individis adgili politikaSi
ar aris.
rogor fiqrobT, 3, 78 procenti, es 70 000 xma realuri Sedegi
iyo? ramdenad Seesabameba es procenti simarTles?
Cveni dakvirvebiT 2008 wlis maisSi saqarTvelos respublikuri partiis saarCevno potenciali iyo daaxloebiT samjer
meti _ 10-12 procenti. am 12 procentis erTi mesamedi Cven
TarxniSvilma Cagviwera oqmSi. meore erTi mesamedi dagvakargvina xelisuflebis binZurma meTodebma _ daSinebam, mosyidvam, bolo manipulaciebma yuTebTan da a. S. mesame 70 000 Cven
TviTon davkargeT. aSkarad iyo amdeni amomrCeveli, romelmac,
interviu
komentari
zewolis gareSe, gadawyvita arCevnebze armisvla an misvla da
xmis sxva mimarTulebiT micema. xelisuflebis mcdelobebis
miuxedavad, Cven rom ukeT gvemuSava, bariers gadavlaxavdiT.
Cven rom cudad gvemuSava da xelisufleba ar Careuliyo am
ambebSi, bariers aqac gadavdiodiT. magram roca orive daemTxva erTmaneTs, Cveni arcTu kargi muSaoba da xelisuflebis
mier represiuli manqanis srulad amoqmedeba, miviReT is Sedegi, romelic gvaqvs.
ras gulisxmobT arcTu karg muSaobaSi?
vgulisxmob im Secdomebs, romlebic davuSviT. mas Semdeg,
rac erovnuli sabWos datoveba mogviwia, ar gvindoda, rom is,
rac davtoveT, kritikulad warmogveCina. Zalian bevr Semotevas ar vupasuxeT. bevrma ver gauZlo cdunebas da Cveni mizanSi
amoRebiT gadawyvita Tavisi upiratesobis damtkiceba, risganac Cven Tavi SevikaveT. radgan meore mxare aseve ar moiqca,
aman mZime viTarebaSi Cagvayena.
Secdoma iyo isic, rom arCevnebis dawyebidan mTeli ori
kvira saarCevno kampania ar daviwyeT da gauTaveblad velodebodiT gaerTianebuli opoziciis Camoyalibebas maJoritar
ebi aris arCevnebidan arCevnebamde. xolo saarCevno procesSi
unda Seecado, maqsimumi miiRo rogori spekulaciebis fasadac
ar unda dagijdes es. Cveni partniorebi germaniaSi, Tavisufali demokratebi, 11-12 procents Tu miiReben, is weli kargia
maTTvis. amaze xSirad misaubria maTTan. rodesac maT Cvens
situacias aRvuwer xolme, meubnebian, _ namdvilad cud dReSi
xarTo. germaniaSi an qristian- demokratebi arian saTaveSi, an
social-demokratebi. magram is gancda, rom qveyana daingreva,
an sasamarTlos daimorCilebs vinme an ekonomikas daangrevs,
iq ar arsebobs. iqauri liberalebi axerxeben imas, rom TavianTi gavlena hqondeT, TavianTi niSa eWiroT. CvenTan, swored
imitom, rom moqalaqeobrivi da saxelmwifoebrivi cnobiereba
naklebadaa da Tan Tavisufal politikur konkurencias xelisufleba yovelnairad ewinaaRmdegeba, sxvanairi viTarebaa.
Tqveni kolega romelime Jurnalisti, pirdapir gajaxebs kiTxvas _ `vTqvaT, miiRe 10 procenti, mere ras Secvli?~ moqalaqe usmens amas da fiqrobs _ 10 procentiani partia raSi
mWirdeba? me minda is Zala, romelic mova da am xelisuflebas Secvlis, 50 +1 procentzea gaTvla. gamonaklisi aq leiboristuri partiaa, romelsac myari amomrCeveli hyavs, Salva
naTelaSvils SeuZlia raRacebi ufro martivad gadawyvitos.
arsebobs movlenebi, rodesac forma ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre
Sinaarsi. arCevnebi swored aseTi movlenaa. arCevnebSi formaa
mTavari, demokratiaSic formaa mTavari. Cveni xelisuflebis
gavleniani warmomadgenlebi ramdenime wlis win sakmaod Tamamad
Semodiodnen diskusiaSi imis Sesaxeb, ra ufro mniSvnelovania
_ proceduruli demokratia Tu miRweuli kargi Sedegi. amgvari
procesebi demokratiulma sazogadoebebma 100-150 wlis win
gaiares, rodesac iqac iyo msgavsi debatebi. dRes ukve aRaravin
davobs imaze, rom demokratia forma da procedurebia.
kandidatebze. Cven ar vaxmaurebdiT, vis sad vasaxelebdiT,
imitom, rom gvegona, SeiZleboda dasxdoma da olqebis did
nawilSi maJoritarebs Soris konkurenciis Tavidan acileba.
bevri mimarTulebiT, siebis wardgenamde ori-sami dRiT adre
miviReT gadawyvetilebebi. orTviani kampaniis dros or kviras
rom dakargav da kandidati ar muSaobs, es ukve seriozuli
problemaa.
SegveSala isic, rom am saarCevno kampaniis dros ar vTqviT,
rasac vfiqrobdiT axladgamoCenili opoziciuri liderebis
da partiebis Sesaxeb. saTqmeli, romelic unda Tqmuliyo, ar
iTqva. Zalian mkafiod da dawvrilebiT unda agvexsna mosaxleobisTvis sad aris rwmena da marTlmadidebloba da sad
aris rwmeniT da marTlmadideblobiT politikuri spekulacia, es unda gagvekeTebina, miuxedavad imisa, rom am Temebze
sawyisi poziciebi wamgebiani gvaqvs _ erT-erTi gavrcelebuli
braldebaa, rom Cven TiTqos ara varT qristianebi, marTlmadideblebi, da saerTod, qarTvelebic ara varT. Cven, rogorc
wesi, aseT Temebze saubrisas or cecxls Sua varT xolme. bevri saarCevno teqnologiebis specialisti getyvis, rom ide56 cxeli Sokoladi
magaliTad, saarCevno kampaniis dros dapirispirebuli iyo gaerTianebul opoziciasTan. arCevnebis meore dResve maT gverdiT dadga da amisTvis amomrCevels ar gaukicxavs.
Tqven yvelaze kritikuli amomrCeveli gyavT… da es ar aris
cudi…
gvsiamovnebs, rom aseTi kritikuli amomrCeveli gvyavs. magram sasurvelia meti iyos maTi raodenoba, Tumca, es ar iqneboda problema, ar iyos gancda _ qveyana katastrofisken
midis samwuxarod, respublikuri partiis saqme gacilebiT
ukeTaa, vidre qveynis.
roca ambobT, Tqven ara xarT bevrni, ra molodinebi gaqvT, rodesac ambobT, rom 12 procenti gaqvT?
12 procenti maisSi gvqonda, seqtemberSi 25 gveqneba!
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 140
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
interviu
modernizaciis samsaxurSi
interviu parlamentar daviT darCiaSvilTan
avtori: Sorena SaverdaSvili
axali mowvevis parlamentSi Sesvlamde, iyaviT Ria sazogadoeba
_ saqarTvelos direqtori. amitom modiT, sorosis fondidan
daviwyoT. momismenia arasamTavrobo organizaciebis warmomadgenlebis Civili imaze, rom Tu revoluciamde sorosis fondi
metwilad arasamTavrobo seqtors afinansebda, revoluciis Semdeg is ZiriTadad samTavrobo proeqtebSi iyo CarTuli. ramdenadaa ase?
mTlad ase ar aris. 2004 wlis bolos, sorosis fondSi
Cemi yofnis dros axali strategia daiwera, sadac reformebis mxardaWera Caido, magram am mxardaWeraSi sazogadoebis
CarTuloba igulisxmeboda. revoluciis Semdeg seriozulad daiwyo saxelmwifos mSenebloba. qveynis modernizacias,
transformacias mxardaWera sWirdeboda. samoqalaqo seqtors
Tu raime unarebi aqvs, swored am saqmeSi unda CaerTos. ai,
amis xelSewyoba iyo fondis erTi mimarTuleba, magram ara erTaderTi.
meore, Cemi yofnis dros xazi gaesva imas, rom meti Sida
proeqtebi gvekeTebina _ TviTon fondis TanamSromlebs Ta58 cxeli Sokoladi
vianTi gamocdileba ara mxolod koordinatoris rolSi gamoeyenebinaT, aramed TviTonac eweraT da ganexorcielebinaT
proeqtebi, TviTonac CarTuliyvnen. daviwyeT Sida proeqtebis
Sedegad miRebuli daskvnebis, publikaciebis beWdva, preskonferenciebis Catareba. sxvaTa Soris, guSin Catarda bolo Sida
proeqtis prezentacia, rac Cems dros damtkicda, magram me
ukve meore mxridan davxvdi _ es iyo mTavrobis 50-dRiani programis analizi.
am publikaciebSi aris garkveuli daskvnebi, maT Soris kritikulic, vTqvaT, ratom ferxdeboda sakmaod cnobili samTavrobo programis, `aTaswleulis gamowveva saqarTvelos~ (romelic
amerikelebis daxmarebiT funqcionirebs) zogierTi etapis dawyeba. amaze sakmaod kritikuli daskvnebi daido. aseve sakmaod
kritikuli daskvna iyo rkinigzis privatizaciis Temaze. Tumca,
Cemi mizani yovelTvis iyo ara is, rom xmamaRla gveyvira da Semdeg xelebi dagvebana, aramed aRmasrulebel xelisuflebasTan
urTierTobaSi vyofiliyaviT CarTuli. zogjer SeiZleba samoqalaqo seqtoris daskvnebi mTlad kompetenturi arc iyos, magram
amiT gamoviwvioT mTavroba, rom Tavs garedan Sexedos da dama-
interviu
tebiTi argumentebi moitanos. raRac Sedegebi, Cemi azriT, iyo.
magaliTad, Tavdacvis sfero oqruaSvilis dros Zalian daixura,
gafuWda urTierTobebi. maSin Tina xidaSeli fondis sabWos Tavmjdomare iyo, me _ direqtori, paata zaqareiSvilic CaerTo
da 2005 wels preskonferenciac gavmarTeT. aman raRac Sedegic
gamoiRo _ mTavrobis wevrebi fondSic movidnen _ raSia saqmeo.
ukve oqruaSvilis dros daiwyo fiqri imaze, rom Tavdacvis sakiTxebze raRac Sereuli sabWo Tu mudmivi forumi gagvekeTebina,
sazogadoebasac emsjela da ganmartebebi mieRo. kezeraSvilis
dros ufro kargad wavida saqme, memorandumic gaformda.
ver vityvi, rom mTavari reformebSi fondma an romelime
arasamTavrobo organizaciam gaakeTa, magram Cveni mcdelobiT
urTierTobebi aRdga im JurnalistebTan, romlebic oqruaSvilma moiZula _ iqneboda es aladaSvili Tu liklikaZe, im arasamTavrobo organizaciebis warmomadgenlebTan, romlebsac is
aRar elaparakeboda, sesiaSvilTan, axalgazrda iuristebTan.
qveynis cxovreba, demokratizacia, reformebi _ marto arsebiTi materialuri cvlilebebis motana an kanonebis miReba ki
ar aris, _ urTierTobebicaa, komunikacia da axsna imisa, ra
xdeba. amas vuwyobdiT xels. Torem, Cven ara gvaqvs aranairi
pretenzia umaRles WeSmaritebaze. arc mTavrobas aqvs. mTavrobas, Cemi azriT, aqvs erTi upiratesoba, rasac arasamTavrobo seqtori xSirad ar aqcevs saTanado yuradRebas _ mTavrobas aqvs informacia. roca informacia gaqvs, codnac metia
da daskvnebic SeiZleba ufro adekvaturi gqondes...
amis pasuxad… erTi mxriv, gvaqvs sakmaod kargad organizebuli
da efeqturi saxelisuflebo vertikali da, amave dros, raRac
erTad, es ukavSirdeba popers da gelners, sorosis megobrebsa
da TanamSromlebs da, ra Tqma unda, soross. magram cota gazviadebuli da utrirebulia es yvelaferi. marto NGO-ebi ar
aris samoqalaqo seqtori _ es erTi, da meorec, gansakuTrebiT
gazviadeba yvelafrisa ar Rirs.
CvenTan es yvelaferi cota xelovnuri saxiT damkvidrda _
garedan donorebi qmnian NGO-ebs, iq midian adamianebi, romelTagan bevrs, SeiZleboda, sul sxva raRac ekeTebina, magram
sxva sferoebSi muSaobis SesaZlebloba aRar iyo. akademiuri
sferodan da politikidanac NGO-ebSi wavidnen. sinamdvileSi, aranaklebi mniSvneloba aqvs igive akademiur sferos,
universitetebs. Tu isini myarad ar dganan fexze, Znelia
ganviTarebad sazogadoebaze visaubroT. profkavSirebic Zalian problemuri sferoa saqarTvelosTvis. aseve partiebi,
media da mTavroba. es yvelaferi erToblivad, harmoniulad
da dinamikurad unda viTardebodes. sabolood, mainc mgonia,
rom politikaa gadamwyveti adamianTa cxovrebaSi. amdenad,
gadavwyvite, pasuxismgebloba im sferoSi aviRo, romelic
yvelaze mniSvnelovani mgonia rogorc adamianis, ise qveynis
arsebobaSi.
raze gindaT aiRoT pasuxismgebloba da ratom aris TqvenTvis
politikaSi CarTuloba mniSvnelovani?
saqarTvelo gzagasayarze dgas da jerac ar aris yvelaferi
ukanmouxedavad, Seuqcevadad progresis gzaze damdgari. Cven
arasaxelmwifoebrivi arsebobidan movdivarT da saxelmwifod,
politikur sistemad unda viqceT. Tu es ar iqna, yvelafer
eTnografiuli yofidan,
Tu gnebavT, eTnografiuli
oazisidan Tavisi xaWapurebiT da simRerebiT, Cven Tanamedrove, pasuxismgeblobiT
gamsWvalul saerTaSoriso urTierTobebis subieqtad unda CamovyalibdeT. mTeli
rigi reformebic amas emsaxureba da es aris modernizacia, anu modernul erad qceva.
es mimaCnia sasicocxlo saqmed rogorc Cemi qveynisTvis, ise Cemi SvilebisTvis da aq
monawileobac minda da pasuxismgeblobis aRebac.
TvalsazrisiT, daiqsaqsa da vakuumi gaCnda samoqalaqo seqtorSi. rogor ggoniaT, ramdenad mniSvnelovania Zlieri samoqalaqo
seqtoris arseboba da sorosis fondi Tu akeTebda bolo 5 wlis
ganmavlobaSi raimes imisaTvis, rom samoqalaqo seqtori gaZlierebuliyo?
Cems dros gadavwyviteT, raodenobas ar gamovkidebodiT
da meti gvefiqra xarisxze. ar minda yalbi mokrZalebiT an
zedmeti ambiciurobiT vTqva, magram davmjdarvar, Cveni dafinansebuli `axalgazrda iuristebis~ angariSi 3 saaTi miredaqtirebia da mere 3 saaTi mixsnia, rom ase wera ar SeiZleba. im konkretul SemTxvevaSi mimiRwevia kidec SedegisTvis.
mTavari xarisxia, Torem, ra Tqma unda, samoqalaqo seqtori
mniSvnelovania. Cemi azriT, TviTon seqtorSi gaCnda Zalian
qedmaRluri damokidebuleba, rom isaa mTavari. arada, sulac
ar aris ase. 90-ianma wlebma mTeli msoflios masStabiT moitana es talRa, rom samoqalaqo seqtori mTavaria. sxvebTan
danarCens azri ekargeba da araferi iqneba Sedegismomtani.
politikis gareSe Cven davrCebiT atomizirebulni, ojaxebze,
nacnob-megobrobaze orientirebulni da gauerTianebelni.
mxolod miTebi gagvaerTianebs da ara Tanamedrove dinamikuri
cxovreba. es niSnavs, rom maSin aq sxvisi politika gaimarjvebs.
sxva subieqti mova, ybadaRebuli ruseTi an, ra vici, vinme sxva.
Cven ar gveqneba is cementi, rac Segvkravs da Tanamedrove erad
gvaqcevs. amitom, gvWirdeba seriozuli politikis dabruneba
an, xelaxla Seqmna. eTnografiuli yofidan, Tu gnebavT, eTnografiuli oazisidan Tavisi xaWapurebiT da simRerebiT, Cven
Tanamedrove, pasuxismgeblobiT gamsWvalul saerTaSoriso
urTierTobebis subieqtad unda CamovyalibdeT. mTeli rigi
reformebic amas emsaxureba da es aris modernizacia, anu modernul erad qceva. es mimaCnia sasicocxlo saqmed rogorc
Cemi qveynisTvis, ise Cemi SvilebisTvis da aq monawileobac
minda da pasuxismgeblobis aRebac. pasuxismgeblobis imitom,
rom es Zalian winaaRmdegobrivi, mtkivneuli procesia. sociacxeli Sokoladi
59
interviu
luri fasi uzarmazaria. es gvaCvena oqtomber-noembris movlenebma da es sulac araa sasiamovno. Zalian bevrs, SeiZleba,
gauCndes survili da vxedav kidec, imave samoqalaqo seqtorSi
gaismis _ ai, xelebi davibanoT da garedan mayureblebad viqceT. ara mgonia, rom es yvelaze kargi pozicia iyos.
ramdenad aris am modernizaciis mniSvnelovani komponenti cnobierebis modernizacia?
sorosis fondSi axali programa gvqonda – integraciisa da
samoqalaqo ganaTlebis programa, swored imitom, rom cnobierebaze gagvekeTebina aqcenti. isev demokratiul institutebs
rom davubrundeT, imisaTvis, rom isini fuye da formalur
institutebad ar iqcnen, gulwrfeli demokratebi gvWirdeba
_ adamianebi, romlebic azrovneben im RirebulebebiT, rac ganuyofelia demokratiisagan. es yvelaferi ganaTlebis sistemasTan gvabrunebs.
konkretulad SegiZliaT miTxraT ramdenime proeqti, rac swored am mimarTulebiT ganxorcielda?
magaliTad, Rirebulebebis kvleva. CavatareT evropul meTodikaze damyarebuli, Tumca cota adaptirebuli kvleva
_ ra Rirebulebebis matarebelia qarTuli sazogadoeba. kiTxvari iyo gamoyenebuli _ ra adgili ukavia ojaxs, profesias, nacnob-megobrobas, visTan icxovrebda adamiani mezoblad, visTan _ ara. rom gamoCeniliyo ra tipis sazogadoeba
varT. mgoni, pirvelad gakeTda msgavsi ram saqarTveloSi.
aRsaniSnavia agreTve politikuri partiebis prioritetTa
da RirebulebaTa sistemis kvlevis mcdeloba _ es meore
Teba ar aris advili, magram Cven vcdilobT, raRac wvlili
SevitanoT.
demokratiaSi marTavs umravlesoba, saqarTveloSi ki es umravlesoba, igive Tqveni kvlevebis SedegebiT rom vimsjeloT, ar
gamoirCeva liberaluri Rirebulebebisadmi gaazrebuli damokidebulebebiTa Tu erTgulebiT. am etapze rogor Tavsdeba
es miznebi _ demokratia da qveynis modernizacia erTmaneTTan?
iqneb, cota xani unda ugulebelvyoT demokratia imisaTvis, rom
ganviTardes liberaluri sazogadoeba, romelic Semdgom ufro
myar safuZvels Seqmnis demokratiisaTvis?
CerCilis perifrazireba rom movaxdinoT _ cudi wyobaa demokratia, ubralod, ukeTesi ar moufiqrebiaTo. rTulia Zalian.
qveyanaSi uamravi problemaa, mosaxleobis umetesi nawili gaucxovebuli iyo kanonis uzenaesobis principebisa da samoqalaqo Rirebulebebisagan. es ybadaRebuli qurduli mentalitetic
cocxalia _ principi, rom Tanamdebobaze Tu xar, adgili ar
unda gaafuWo _ naTesavebs unda daexmaro. es antisaxelmwifoebrivi, antisistemuri principebia, rac sakmaod gavrcelebuli
iyo. es erTi krizisuli elementi. meore _ ruseTi, romelsac
unda, rom ar Sedge, ar Camoyalibde. mesame _ eTnokonfliqtebi.
am viTarebaSi, da viTarebas, principSi, omi hqvia, Zalian Znelia
demokratiuli procedurebi. magram erT Wkvian kacs aqvs naTqvami, demokratebi an cali xeliT unda omobdnen, an uari Tqvan
demokratiaze. aseTi dilemaa da misi gadalaxva Zalian Znelia.
magram es gamowvevaa da unda miviRoT. Tu ara da, maSin daanebe
Tavi demokratias da maSin isev vbrundebiT iq, sadac uaresia.
saerTod, demokratiaze rom vsaubrob, liberalur demokratias vgulisxmob. kanonis uzenaesoba, adamianis uflebebi, um-
Cven rom Tanamedrove erad
CamovyalibdeT, tradiciul
samebas _ ena, mamuli, sarwmunoeba _ unda davumatoT axali sameba - adamianis uflebebi,
demokratia, kanonis uzenaesoba da am yvelafris morgeba harmoniulad vcadoT... Tu eseni
kargad moergo erTmaneTs _ maSin gadavrCebiT; erad rom iyo, demokrati unda iyo da
demokratia rom iyos, eri unda iyos.
kvleva iyo. amiT gvindoda imis Cveneba, sad varT ara marto
sasamarTloebis reformirebis TvalsazrisiT, aramed mentalobis, Rirebulebebis TvalsazrisiT. es Tu ar davinaxeT,
Znelia mixvde, ras mivaqcioT yuradReba, ra aris gasakeTebeli, ra aris Sesacvleli. skolebSi samoqalaqo ganaTleba
inergeba, universitetebSi _ kritikuli azrovneba, es zrdis
axal adamianebs, romlebic saWironi arian imisaTvis, rom
qveyana ganviTardes. martivad rom vTqva, adrec mqonda es
idea _ Cven rom Tanamedrove erad CamovyalibdeT, tradiciul samebas _ ena, mamuli, sarwmunoeba _ unda davumatoT
axali sameba _ adamianis uflebebi, demokratia, kanonis uzenaesoba da am yvelafris morgeba harmoniulad vcadoT. Tu
eseni kargad moergo erTmaneTs _ maSin gadavrCebiT; erad
rom iyo, demokrati unda iyo da demokratia rom iyos, eri
unda iyos. raRaca emociuri damokidebulebebic unda gvaerTianebdes, es iqaa _ ena, mamuli, sarwmunoebaSi. amis gake60 cxeli Sokoladi
ciresobis pativiscema _ es ukve liberalizmia. demokratia
aris saarCevno procedurebi, kenWisyra da umravlesobis gamarjveba. rTulia, magram mxolod es aris misaRebi gza. mgoni,
sazogadoebaSi es TandaTan cnobierdeba da es am bolodroindelma arCevnebmac aCvena. yvelaze rTulad mkvidrdeba religiuri pluralizmis principi, Torem adamianis uflebebi, umciresobis uflebebi, politikuri pluralizmi _ aman sakmaod
moikida fexi, rac damaimedebelia.
namdvilad ase fiqrobT?
ase mgonia. opoziciis liderebis didi nawili apelirebda, zogi
gaucnobiereblad, zogi _ Segnebulad, antisistemur, antiTanamedrove, antimodernul Rirebulebebze. ambobdnen, rom mTeli
es reformebi dasavleTis SeTqmulebaa, rom amaT eklesiebis dangrevis meti araferi ainteresebT, rom qarTuli Rirebulebebi
interviu
ikargeba da am qarTul RirebulebebSi, ZiriTadad, nacnob-megobroba-Cawyoba igulisxmeboda. magram opoziciam waago da es CemTvis damaimedebelia. imitom ki ara, rom opozicia ar unda iyos
qveyanaSi, ubralod, am lozungebma ver poves gasaqani, miuxedavad imisa, rom kargi niadagi hqondaT warmatebisaTvis. rogorc
giTxariT, am reformebis socialuri fasi Zalian maRali iyo.
aTasobiT adamianis bedze gadaiara am yvelaferma. xelisuflebis
Secdoma iyo is, rom arasakmarisi yuradReba eqceoda sazogadoebasTan komunikacias _ kargad ver vxsnidiT, ra xdeboda.
Seicvala rame? ambobT, rom xelisuflebam aRiara fundamenturi Secdomebi.
es Secdomebi fundamenturi ar yofila, es konkretul
adamianebTan daSvebuli Secdomebi iyo. Secdoma iyo oqruaSvilis yofna xelisuflebaSi, Secdoma uxerxuli saTqmelia, magram rac tragediebi moxda kriminalTan brZolisas,
imis bralia, rom ramdenime policiels sakuTari Zalebis da
dausjelobis rwmena gauCnda. magram Secdomebi fundamenturi ar yofila.
komunikacia rogor xdeba? mgoni, mediaa komunikaciis yvelaze efeqturi mediumi. Tqven rogor svamT diagnozs, ra sWirs medias? Tu
arc araferi sWirs da is bunebrivad viTardeba? iqneb, ubralod,
daimsxvra miTi imis Sesaxeb, rom saqarTveloSi odesRac arsebobda
Tavisufali media da amitom axla yvela `paxmeliaze~ varT?
eg imas hgavs, viTom Tavisufali iyo sasamarTlo da axla
aRar aris. araferic ar iyo Tavisufali. garkveulwilad,
Tu komunistur periods SevadarebT, mediaSic Tavisufleba
ambobdnen, rom
rogor moindoma amis Secvla?
amgvarad _ aRar gaqcev imaze met yuradRebas, vidre Cveulebriv Jurnalists unda mivaqcio. aRar xar Cemi insaideri, Cemi
wris wevri, aRar varT erTmaneTze damokidebulebi da morCa.
aqac, ra Tqma unda, iyo gadacdomebi. amas rom akeTeb, komunikaciaSi Sedixar JurnalistebTan, rom raRac aswavlo. rogorc
ki raRacas aswavli, rogorc politikosi, egreve Tvlian, rom
zewolaa. gaixseneT, pirdapir eTerSi bokerias kamaTi imnaiSvilTan. CemTvis es iyo Cveulebrivi urTierToba or adamians
Soris, sadac, Cemi azriT, erTi marTals eubneboda meores.
magram erTi gavleniani politikosia, meore ki _ Jurnalisti
da yvelaferi Tavdayira dgeba.
ra Tqma unda, bevrad ufro sakamaTo SemTxvevebsac hqonda
adgili mediisa da calkeuli politikosebis urTierTobaSi. am
yvelaferma seriozuli gavlena moaxdina. mTlianobaSi, mediis
problematika orgvaria da es orive momenti gadajaWvulia.
pirveli problema sistemuria _ riTi cxovrobs media, saidan
Semodis Semosavali. samwuxarod, medias ar SeuZlia bazris sipataravis gamo mxolod imiT icxovros, riTac unda cxovrobdes
_ Tavisi kalmiT da Tavisufal bazarSi Tavisi profesionalizmis gayidviT. saWiroa damatebiTi mflobelebi da saredaqcio
politika, raRac sxva interesebi, rom mediasaSualebebma iarsebon. mere gamodis, rom vinc ixdis, musikasac is ukveTavs.
meore profesionalizmis Temaa. ar vgulisxmob mxolod weris
maneras da kulturas da imas, rogor unda iyo obieqturi. es
erTi mxarea. meorea eTika _ eTikuri standartebi, saredaqcio
politikis principebi, Jurnalistikis standartebi, Tavisive zemdgomebisgan da gareSe politikosebisgan dacvis meqanizmebi _
es yvelaferi problemuri sferoebia. Cvenma fondma scada, rom
mediasabWos xelSewyobiT am mimarTulebiT raRac gaekeTebina…
mTeli es reformebi dasavleTis SeTqmulebaa, rom amaT
eklesiebis dangrevis meti araferi ainteresebT, rom qarTuli Rirebulebebi ikargeba da
am qarTul RirebulebebSi ZiriTadad, nacnob-megobroba igulisxmeboda. magram opoziciam
waago da es CemTvis damaimedebelia. imitom ki ara, rom opozicia ar unda iyos qveyanaSi,
ubralod, am lozungebma ver poves gasaqani, miuxedavad imisa, rom kargi niadagi hqondaT.
iyo. sityva `korufcias~ xmaroben, roca saxelmwifo institutebSi raRac ukanonoba xdeba. SeiZleba, es termini gadavitanoT sxva seqtorebzec, da maT Soris _ mediazec. fuli
TamaSobda gadamwyvet rols. aseTi iyo media 90 - 2000-ian
wlebSi. Cemi azriT, xelisuflebam amis mospoba moindoma.
politikosebi Jurnalistebs ibirebdnen Tavis mxareze da
mere maTze xdebodnen damokidebulebi. daaxloebiT qurdul samyarosTan urTierTobas hgavda es yvelaferi. qurduli samyaro, Tavis droze, xelisuflebam Seqmna, daiwyo
stalinma, magram raRac periodis Semdeg qurdebi gaxdnen
ufro gavlenianebi, vidre ministrebi. raRac amgvari SeiZleba momxdariyo mediaSic. amis Secvla, TamaSis amgvari
wesebis darRveva moindoma xelisuflebam, ramac Zalian seriozuli dapirispireba gamoiwvia mediakorpussa da politikur korpuss Soris.
62 cxeli Sokoladi
ratom ver imuSava am mediasabWom?
SeiZleba, konkretuli adamianebis unar-Cvevebis brali iyo,
komunikacia sworad ver Sedga _ erTma meores raRac kargad
ver auxsna da saqme bolos Cxubamdec mivida. idea Zalian wrfeli iyo, modeli ganviTarebuli demokratiuli qveynebidan
gadmovnergeT, britaneTis gamocdileba gamoviyeneT. samwuxarod, zogierT mediasaSualebas moeCvena, rom es xelisuflebis
mier cenzuris Semotanis mcdeloba iyo, zogs ki, gamomdinare
iqidan, rom Tanamedrove profesiuli standartebi sulac ar
ainteresebs da sakuTari merkantiluri interesebis gatareba
unda, ubralod, ar awyobda.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 142
Tqveni silamazisTvis
www.gpc.ge
werili kanidan
kani-2008
sasacilod araa saqme
avtori: giorgi gvaxaria
werilis generaluri sponsoria farmacevtuli kompania `jipisi~
64 cxeli Sokoladi
REUTERS
cxeli Sokoladi
65
REUTERS
werili kanidan
REUTERS
kanis 61-e saerTaSoriso kinofestivalis gaxsnis ceremoniali
Cineli reJisori von kar vai, kani 2008
SarSanwin vong-kar-vai kanis kinofestivalis Jiuris Tavmjdomare iyo. CinelebisTvis uCveulod maRalma reJisorma,
romelic Savi saTvalis gareSe, mgoni,
aravis unaxavs, kidev erTxel waagebina
kanSi pedro almodovars; sayovelTao
molodinis
miuxedavad,
festivalis
konkursis saukeTeso filmi `dabruneba~
mTavari `palmis~ gareSe darCa.
SarSan vong-kar-vais filmiT `iasamnisferi RameebiT~ gaixsna kanis festivali,
romlis Jiuris stiven frirzi xelmZRvanelobda. saiubileo kinoforumis daxurvis ceremonialze `SavsaTvaliani Cineli~
aravis daupatiJebia _ `Rameebma~ kanSi katastrofuli marcxi ganicada.
66 cxeli Sokoladi
wels isev Camovida kanSi. amjerad,
konkursgareSe programaSi aCvena Tavisi
axali, amjerad ukve CineTSi gadaRebuli
zRapari. seansis dawyebis win msaxiobebTan erTad scenaze avida da publikas
sTxova, wuTieri dumiliT pativi ecaT
miwisZvris Sedegad daRupuli Cinelebis
xsovnisTvis.
es iyo erT-erTi yvelaze originaluri
dumili `wuTieri dumilebis~ istoriaSi.
viRacam gamoiangariSa _ SavsaTvalianma Cinelma ara erTi, aramed mTeli Svidi wuTi agvatuza. Tavdaxrili idga. ara
da ar gvaRirsa _ `gTxovT, dabrZandeT!~.
mexuTe wuTze klod debiusis darbazSi
CurCuli gaisma. meeqvseze _ Caxveleba.
meSvideze... cotac da xorxoci atydeboda. ifiqrebdiT, rom am dumil-dumilSi
vong-kar-vais scenaze fexzemdgars CaeZina. prezentaciis wamyvani, erTi metiCara
frangi Jurnalisti, kandaWimuli kaci,
romlis gvars verafriT vimaxsovreb (arada, aTi welia mihyavs aseTi premierebi),
meore wuTis dawyebidanve cqmutavda, magram mxolod meSvide wuTze miutrialda dasavlur-aRmosavluri kinos metrs,
raRac gadauCurCula da roca pasuxi
ver miiRo, iZulebuli gaxda Tavad eTqva
darbazisTvis _ `mersi boku~.
filmis dawyebidan mexuTe wuTze Cemi
sayvareli rituali aRvasrule. qarTvel
kolegebs SevZaxe: `avdeqiT!~ da saswra-
REUTERS
fod davtove klod debiusis darbazi.
vong-kar-vai, Tavis msaxiobebTan erTad,
derefanSi, pirdapir karebTan ijda. Tu
ar vcdebi, gamogvxeda kidec (ras gaigeb, sul saTvale ukeTia). ra gamovida?
klod debiusis darbazSi mosaxvedrad,
naxevari saaTi rigSi mxolod imitom videqiT da mxolod imitom gaviwuweT, rom
miwisZvris Sedegad daRupuli Cinelebis
xsovnisTvis gveca pativi. sasaciloa?
ara, batono. kanis 61-e kinofestivalze
TiTqmis araferi iyo sasacilo.
jansaRi sicili, romelic, specialistebs rom hkiTxoT, naoWebs ar aCens,
liumierebisa da debiusis kinodarbazebSi, sadac festivalis mTavar filme-
bs uCvenebdnen, mxolod orjer gaisma;
pirvelad festivalis mesame dRes, vudi
alenis konkursgareSe filmis, `viki
kristina barselonas~ premieraze. ori
amerikeli gogos (qeras da Savgvremanis)
barselonaSi mogzaurobis istoria, kataloniuri RviniT, gitariT, gaudiT da,
ra Tqma unda, seqsualurze seqsualuri
espaneliT _ xavier bardemiT, romelic
orive amerikelTan wveba da Tanac, Tavis
gadareul `nacolars~ _ penelopa kruzs
ver eleva _ eWvs badebs, rom xmovani kino
swored vudi alenisTvis Seiqmna (bergmanis Semdeg, ra Tqma unda). msaxiobebi
aq raRac gansakuTrebuli siamovnebiT
warmoTqvamen teqsts da, rac mTavaria,
am replikebze Tavadac ecinebaT (bergmanisgan gansxvavebiT). iqmneba darbazisa
da ekranis mTlianoba, romelsac bolo
dros verafriT aRwevda vudi aleni _
metismetad dacikluli Tavis kompleqsebze. Tumca, am gamousworebel garyvnils
arc `barselonaSi~ daumalavs, rom kinos
(karg kinos) swored kompleqsebi akeTebinebs. `figaros~ korespondentis kiTxvaze, gsurT Tu ara Tqvenc icxovroT
erTdroulad or qalTan da siamovnebiT
uyuroT, rogor kocnian isini erTmaneTs,
vudi alenma daufiqreblad upasuxa: `amaze yvela mamakaci ocnebobs~.
dRes mxolod ocnebaze Tu gaecinebaT da mxolod ocnebiT, ufro sworad,
cxeli Sokoladi
67
werili kanidan
vudi aleni, film `viki kristina barselonas~ gadasaReb moedanze
kadri filmidan
`viki kristina barselonas~
kadri filmidan `viki kristina barselonas~
`drim~-iT, Tu gaxdeba SesaZlebeli daRlil da sasowarkveTil kinodarbazTan
ekranis gaerTianeba.
verasdros warmovidgendi, rom sruliad msoflio kinokritikosTa Soris
`indiana jonss~ amdeni Tayvanismcemeli
hyavda. stiven spilbergis axali filmis
presisTvis daniSnuli seansi Rrma bavSvobaSi dagabrunebdaT. 5 wuTi daagviana
filmma. `liumierebis~ TiTqmis sami aTasiani darbazi xuTi wuTi taSs ukravda
`indianas~ dawyebis moTxovniT, xolo
roca pirveli titrebi gamoCnda, stiven
spilbergis gvar-saxelis danaxvaze, presam bednierebisgan yiJina gamarTa _ ramdeni weli elodnen axal `indiana jonss~!..
68
cxeli Sokoladi
da, ai, dadga Jami bednierebisa! italieli
kritikosi ijda Cem gverdiT (qarTveli
kolegebis absoluturma umravlesobam
`indianas~ boikoti gamoucxada) _ asakovani kaci. esec Zalian xmamaRla icinoda da
Tan, wamdauwum saaTze ixedeboda. seansis
damTavrebamde cota xniT adre momibrunda da miTxra: `matarebelze magviandeba.
ar ifiqroT, rom ar momwons da imitom
mivdivar~
keit blanSetis irina falkoze, kagebes
polkovnikze gansakuTrebiT moilxines.
xolo maSin, roca qvesknelidan Tavis
dasaxsnelad, indiana jonss cocxalma
gvelma unda gauwios Tokis magivroba,
sicili namdvil isterikaSi gadaizarda.
gamaxsenda, didi xnis win, Cemi ZmisSvili
rom waviyvane parizis disneilendSi. rogor vwuwunebdi! isic ki vuTxari, gareT
dagelodebi-meTqi. magram mainc damiyolia da mere, sul madlobebi maTqmevina.
sasiamovnoa, roca sxvebTan erTad uyureb Sens sizmars; roca aRar geSinia zesknelidan qvesknelSi gadavardnis, radgan
winaswar ici _ yvelaferi kargad damTavrdeba da, rac mTavaria, marto aRar xar
Sens sizmarSi.
`indiana jonsis~ premieraze, kanSi sruliad msoflios kinopresa erTad `kaifobda~ Tavis koSmarul sizmrebze _ Cinelebi,
amerikelebi, frangebi, rusebi da ramdenime qarTveli _ mxolod da mxolod drois
werili bangladeSidan
kadri filmidan `Sexvedra palermoSi~
REUTERS
kadri filmidan `Sexvedra palermoSi~
kadri filmidan
`viki kristina barselonas~
germaneli reJisori vim vendersi, kani 2008
mokvlis mizniT rom aRmovCndiT stiven
spilbergis konkursgareSe filmze.
diax. kanis 61-e kinofestivalze orad
orma filmma gaamxiarula publika da
orive konkursgareSe programaSi iyo
CarTuli. sikvdilze fiqri da msjeloba elitaruli kinos mTavari Tema gaxda.
daumateT amas cudi amindi, katastrofulad gaZvirebuli safrangeTi, mowevis
akrZalva sazogadoebriv adgilebSi, mTel
samyaroze mudmivad gabrazebuli Jiuris
Tavmjdomare _ Son peni da miiRebT kanis
61-e kinofestivals; garkveuli TvalsazrisiT, isev saiubileos _ 40 weli gavida
kanis yvelaze skandaluri kinoforumidan, roca 68 wlis maisSi, festivalis di-
reqcia iZulebuli gaxda gamoxmaureboda
meamboxe kinematografistebis lozungs:
`ra dros smokingebia, roca qveyana ingreva!~ da kanis kinoforumi faqtobrivad
gaxsnisTanave daexura.
sxvaTa Soris, Son penma festivalis
pirvelive dRes gamoacxada, miwisZvra
CineTSi aucileblad imoqmedebs Cems gadawyvetilebazeo... rac imas niSnavda,
rom 61-e kinoforumze swored tragedias
hqonda gamarjvebis yvelaze didi Sansi.
nu... tragedias Tu ara, depresiul kinos
mainc _ swored iseTs, Tavad Son peni rom
iRebs holivudSi. es SeiZleboda yofiliyo festivalis gaxsnis dRes naCvenebi
fernardu meierlesis `sibrmave~, julia-
na muriT mTavar rolSi _ antiutopia momavlis qalaqze, romelsac sibrmavis seni
Seeyreba (wlevandeli konkursis filmebisTvis damaxasiaTebeli sworxazovani monologiT, romelsac mTavari gmiri
filmis prologSive warmoTqvams: `Cven
ar vbrmavdebiT, Cven yovelTvis brmebi viyaviT. brmebi, romlebic xedaven~),
anda, atom egoianis `aRfrTovaneba~ _
internetis SesaZleblobebis warmoCena
Tineijerebis maradiuli problemis _
identifikaciis gadasawyvetad. somxuri
warmoSobis kanadeli reJisori, romelsac
didi xania tanjavs winaprebis warsuli,
amjerad darwmunebulia, rom Tanamedrove teqnologiebs SeuZlia Secvalos adacxeli Sokoladi
69
werili kanidan
keit blanSeti, stiven spilbrgi da harison fordi
film `indiana jonsis~ gadasaReb moedanze
stiven spilbrgi film `indiana jonsis~ gadasaReb moedanze
mianis cxovreba da imoqmedos adamianebis
urTierTobebze. `aRfrTovanebis~ gmiri,
15 wlis kanadeli biWi, romelsac mSoblebi daeRupa, Tavisi cxovrebis (mogonili
cxovrebis) Sesaxeb uambobs adamianebs
msoflios sxvadasxva kuTxidan, ismens
maT azrs da, rac mTavaria, xedavs maT
`videoforumis~ saSualebiT. yvelaferi TiTqos kargad mTavrdeba _ mozardi
emijneba warsulis landebs da realobas
ubrundeba, magram egoiani isev Sewuxebulia da isev migvaniSnebs, rom inteleqtualur nekrofilias verasdros Seeleva.
Tumca, depresiuli kinos kulminacia
mainc vim vendersis axali filmi iyo _
70 cxeli Sokoladi
`Sexvedra palermoSi~ _ holivudSi gadaxiznuli `uZRebi Svilis~, vim vendersis dabruneba evropaSi da misi filmis
gmiris, garkveuli TvalsazrisiT, misi
`alter egos~ _ diuseldorfeli fotografis gaqceva evropis centridan beberi kontinentis samxreT sazRvarze _ siciliaze. filmis premieramde ori dRiT
adre vendersi, Tavis meeqvse meuRlesTan, donata SmidtTan erTad, vixileT
`TeTri mails devisis~, Cet beikerisadmi miZRvnili brus veberis filmis (ho,
fotografi veberis) aRdgenili versiis
premieraze. mTlad Cven gverdiT ijda.
seansis dawyebamde SevniSneT, rom ven-
kadri filmidan `indiana jonsi~
dersi ar berdeba _ isev Camoyrili aqvs
kululebi mxrebze da isev Zveleburad
`iSmotkeba~ _ SeuZlia erTmaneTs mouxdinos iaffasiani rezinis `ketebi~ da
bosis maRaziaSi SeZenili pijaki. mis meore naxevarsac davakvirdiT _ vendersze
zustad oci wliT umcros maRal-maRal
qals, romelsac `yurZeni~ hqonda garWobili TmebSi. veWvob, am `Spilkam~
mniSvnelovani roli iTamaSa Cems ganwyobaze vim vendersis axali filmis premieris win. erTi Cemi moskoveli kolegis
sityvebi gamaxsenda: `SexedeT am kacs
_ rogor daukravs Sopens, roca aseTi
coli hyavs?~
REUTERS
werili kanidan
kadri filmidan `indiana jonsi~
kadri filmidan `indiana jonsi~
kadri filmidan `indiana jonsi~
mere imasac davakvirdi, rogor uyurebda `sevdis martoxela jadoqris~, Cet
beikeris am genialur kinoportrets. ra
vqna, miyvars imis yureba, rogor uyureben kinos adamianebi! ki, veberis filmis
seansze, luis bunuelis darbazSi, ise
uberavda kondicioneri, rom darbazma
nel-nela daiwyo plaJisTvis wamoRebuli
pirsaxocebis Semosxma. siciveSi ki Znelia aRiqva beikeris es grZeli monologi, sikvdilis win gadaRebuli aRsareba,
romelic filmis dasrulebidan ramdenime Tvis Semdeg, `pianisimos ostatis~
TviTmkvlelobiT dasruldeba. magram
vendersi sicivem nametani Seawuxa. ufro
sworad, aRaSfoTa misi `yurZnismtevniani~ coli, romelic seansis dawyebisTanave `Saise~, `Saises~ gaiZaxoda da aiZula
Tavisi meore naxevari, demonstraciulad
daetovebinaT darbazi. arada, manamde im
kangadaWimulma metiCara frangma didi
ambiT gamogvicxada, mivesalmoT vim vendersso...
donata Smidtsac yvarebia filmidan
gasvla da, rac mTavaria _ sxvebis gayvana!
SeiZleba swored man, germaniaSi cnobilma
fotografma, STaagona vendersi gadaeRo
`Sexvedra palermoSi~. mTeli filmi xom
swored fotografis TvaliT danaxuli
samyaroa _ depresiuli fotografisa, ro-
melsac sikvdilis SiSs sicilieli restavratori gogo gadaalaxvinebs (isic aCxakunebs aparats). sicocxlesa da sikvdilze
warmoTqmul maRal-maRal sityvebs aq Sesabamisi ganwyobis musika miyveba. vendersma, etyoba, musika CaurTo msaxiobebs da
ise waakiTxa maRalfardovani teqstebi _
Sesabamisi pauzebiT, ritmiT. musika kargia
(gansakuTrebiT `Portishead~-is qalis bolo
albomi), gamosaxuleba _ kidev ufro kargi. magram orive erTad, kinos, ufro metic, samyaros dasasruli! msoflio kinos
metris rolSi Sesulma vendersma gadawyvita gvaswavlos, rogor davTrgunoT
sikvdilis SiSi, rogor gadavlaxoT decxeli Sokoladi
71
diego maradona. kani 2008
presia (magaliTad, palermoSi wavideT) da
rogor davinaxoT qveyana... antonionisa da
bergmanis TvalebiT.
diax, batono. vim vendersis filmi aseTi titriT mTavrdeba: `vuZRvni miqelanjelosa da ingmars~. warweris gamoCenaze, kanis festivalis publikam axla ukve
mesamed dascxo sicili vudi alenisa da
spilbergis filmebis Semdeg. oRond, eWvi
maqvs, rom es ufro dacinva iyo _ masxrad
agdeba 65 wlis kululebCamoyrili, ketebiani vendersisa, romelic didi xania
`veRar ukravs Sopens~. ra vici, SeiZleba
brus veberis dokumenturi filmidanac
ara sicivem (CvensaviT) gamoiyvana, aramed
72
cxeli Sokoladi
gabrazebam, Tu gnebavT Surmac, romelic `faustis kompleqsiT~ Sepyrobilma
nebismierma nevrotikma SeiZleba ganicados, roca dainaxavs, moismens, rogor
grZnobda beikeri ara marto formasa da
musikalur dros, aramed partniorebs...
atmosfero, romelsac igi qmnida, afiqrebinebda msmenels, rom es lamazi kaci,
sayviriT xelSi, swored imaze giambobs,
ris Sesaxeb xSirad fiqrob xolme, magram
ver bedav laparaks.
paradoqsi isaa swored, rom aseTi, 59
wlis danaoWebuli kaci, didi musikosi,
amsterdamis sastumros fanjridan xteba,
sxvebi ki, masze ufrosebi, magram kanda-
REUTERS
klint istvudi da anjelina joli. kani 2008
REUTERS
belgieli reJisorebi, Zmebi luk da Jan-pier dardenebi. kani 2008
REUTERS
REUTERS
werili kanidan
Son peni da oqros palmis rtos mflobeli loran kante. kani 2008
Wimulebi, bosis kostiumebsa da valentinos kabebSi gamowyobilebi, kanis festivalis wiTel xaliCaze uRimian publikas,
TavianT filmebSi ki ver malaven gaRizianebas yvelasa da yvelafris mimarT. ager,
Son pensac hkiTxes, festivalis gaxsnis
dRes, raRac ver xarT xasiaTzeo... sigareti moimizeza _ moweva mindao. moawevines. magram festivalis bolomde aseTi
jmuxi darCa. ufro metic, depresiuli
kinos konkursSi yvelaze depresiuli
filmi aRniSna priziT saukeTeso reJisurisaTvis _ nuri bilge jeilanis `sami
maimuni~, romlis gmiri, profesiiT mZRoli, Tavis Tavze iRebs saarCevno kampa-
REUTERS
werili kanidan
eva hercigovana. kani 2008
niaSi CarTuli bosis danaSauls. filmis
siuJeti amerikul `Sav films~, an simenonis romans ufro mouxdeboda, magram es
xom kanis festivalia! filmis reJisori
ki, andrei tarkovskis fani. deteqtivisgan aRaraferi rCeba. wina planze gamodis isev da isev sibrmavis Tema (rasac,
dayrueba da damunjeba emateba), avtoris Sewuxeba imis gamo, rom Tanamedrove
TurqeTi `sami maimunis~ principiT cxovrobs _ axali qveynis mSenebloba raRacebze Tvalis daxuWvas moiTxovs.
sxvaTa Soris, yalbi demokratiiT, `Canacvlebuli demokratiiT~ Sewuxeba wlevandel festivalze kidev erTma maestrom _
klint istvudma gamoxata Zalian tradiciul, klasikuri amerikuli kinos kliSeebiT aRsavse filmSi `Canacvleba~. magram
Son penis Jiurim, maincdamainc, jeilanis
sasowarkveTil, pretenziul da yovlad
uiumoro films dauWira mxari, istvudis
suraTi ki, festivalis bolo dRemde kritikosTa gamokiTxvis erT-erTi lideri,
saerTod ar SeimCnia (Tu ar CavTvliT sagangebod mogonil prizs `kinoSi gaweuli
RvawlisaTvis~, romlis asaRebad istvudi
kanSi aRar dabrunebula).
`Canacvlebis~ gmiri, kristin kolinzi _
martoxela deda, anjelina jolis SesrulebiT, telegrafistad muSaobs 20-iani
wlebis los-anJelesSi. erTxelac, samsaxuridan Sin mimavals, tramvaize daagviandeba. saxlSi rom dabrundeba, aRmoaCens,
rom misi 9 wlis biWi sadRac gauCinarda.
policia bavSvs miagnebs. magram kristini
darwmunebulia, rom saidanRac Camoyvanili biWi, romelic garegnulad marTlac waagavs mis valters, `Canacvlebulia~. policias, ubralod, eCqareboda saqmis daxurva.
kristinis saqciels `nerviul stresad~ monaTlaven da fsiqiatriulSi Caamwyvdeven.
magram sasowarkveTili deda gaagrZelebs
brZolas. valters mainc ver miagnebs.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 146
cxeli Sokoladi
73
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
interviu
uendel sTivensonTan
avtori: kaxa Tolordava
_ winaswar gafrTxileb, Seni axali
wigni jer wakiTxuli ar maqvs. yvelaferi Zalian moulodnelad moxda. sami welia TbilisSi ar gamoCenilxar. mxolod
is vicodi, rom axal wignze muSaob, magram namdvilad ar vicodi, rom is ukve
dasrulebulia da gamomcemlebic ki
gamouCnda inglissa da amerikis SeerTebul StatebSi. Seni pirveli wigni „istoriebi, romlebic movipare“ (Stories I Stole) saqarTveloze da qarTvelebzea, xolo
meore ki, romelzec axla visaubrebT _
„mdogvis marcvlis wona“ (The Weight of
a Mustard Seed) _ erayze da erayelebze.
ai, sul esaa, rac Sens axal wignze vici,
amitomac, modi ufro dawvrilebiT momiyevi, razea es wigni...
_ „mdogvis marcvlis wona“ sadam huseinis yofil generalze, qamil saCetze,
mis ojaxze, kolegebze da megobrebzea.
esaa wigni imaze, Tu rogor cxovrobdnen da moRvaweobdnen isini sadamis
reJimis pirobebSi da ra bedi ewiaT
amerikelebis eraySi gamoCenis Semdeg.
es adamianebi raRacnairad axerxebdnen arsebobas sadamis autaneli reJimis dros, magram amave dros, xSirad,
gadarCenis mizniT, maT TanamSromlobac uwevdaT am reJimTan. CemTvis saintereso iyo gavrkveuliyavi imaSi, Tu
rogor amarTlebdnen es adamianebi
sakuTar TanamSromlobas im reJimTan
da rogori SedegebiT dasrulda maTi
zogierTi arCevani. mokled, mindoda
momeTxro maTze, vinc sadamis reJimis
ganuyofeli nawili iyo. es qarTvelebisTvisac sakmaod kargad gasagebi
unda iyos. sabWoTa periodSi adamianebs lamis igive pirobebSi uwevdaT arseboba da Zalian sainteresoa, gaerkve
imaSi, Tu sad gadioda zogierTisTvis
74 cxeli Sokoladi
is zRvari, romlis miRmac isini nebiT
Tu uneblied xdebodnen diqtatoruli
reJimis xelSemwyobni.
_ rodis moxvdi pirvelad eraySi?
_ pirvelad eraySi 2002 wels Cavedi.
jer CrdiloeTSi, qurTistanSi, romelic sadamis kontrolis qveS ar imyofeboda. sanam omi mimdinareobda, iq
viyavi, mere ki, rodesac baRdadi daeca,
eraySi gadavedi. Semdegi wlis zafxulSi kidev erTxel gavemgzavre eraySi da
TiTqmis Svidi Tve davyavi iq. ukanasknelad baRdadSi 2005 wels Cavedi.
_ pirvelive Casvlisas icodi, rom wignisTvis masalas eZeb Tu yvelaferi spontanurad moxda?
_ ara, im dros wignze namdvilad ar
vfiqrobdi. ubralod, vmogzaurobdi,
magram xom ici rogorc xdeba xolme,
_ axali istoriebi, rogorc wesi, moulodnelad, sxvadasxva adgilebSi yofnisas da viRac ucnob adamianebTan
saubrebis dros Cndeba. miZneldeba
imis Tqma, Tu ratom SevCerdi maincdamainc erayze da iq mcxovreb general
qamil saCetsa da mis ojaxze. yvelaferi baRdadSi mcxovreb fsiqologebTan
da fsiqiatrebTan SexvedrebiT daiwyo.
sakmaod xSirad miwevda xolme maTTan
saubari. isini sadamis reJimis yvelaze
saintereso komentatorebi arian.
maT bevri ram ician iqaur sazogadoebaze, Tanac umravlesoba inglisurad
laparakobs, radganac ganaTleba dasavleTSi aqvT miRebuli. aRsaniSnavia
isic, rom TiTqmis yvela maTgani sadamis armiaSi eqimebad msaxurobda. amitomac, maT bevri ician ara marto sa-
moqalaqo pirebze da maT fsiqologiur
problemebze, iqneba es depresia, paranoia, Tu Sizofrenia, aramed samxedro
pirebzec, _ ubralo jariskacidan dawyebuli da damTavrebuli dezertirebiT. bolos da bolos, es is adamianebi
arian, visTanac sasaubrod midiodnen
sadamis armiaSi momsaxure maRalCinosani samxedroebi.
Semdeg ki erTi fsiqologi gamacnes,
saxelad hasan al qadani. mas venasa
da londonSi aqvs ganaTleba miRebuli. swored man mirCia saCetebis ojaxs davkavSirebodi. miTxra, rom ojaxis
ufrosi, generali qamil saCeti Zalian
saintereso adamiani iyo. rogorc ukve
giTxari, is sadamis armiaSi msaxurobda
da sadamis brZanebiTve daxvrites 1998
wels. albaT, swored hasan al qadanTan
Sexvedris Semdeg gaCnda CemSi masze
wignis daweris pirveli impulsi.
qamil saCeti sadamis armiaSi momsaxure sunit oficerTa klasis samagaliTo
warmomadgeneli gaxldaT. is Raribi da
gaunaTlebeli ojaxidan gamosuli kaci
iyo. mamamisma wera-kiTxvac ki ar icoda,
magram momavalma generalma warmoudgeneli Zalisxmevis meSveobiT moaxerxa
karieris gakeTeba; SromiT, samagaliTo
discipliniT, moTmenis unariT, Rirsebis da morCilebis specifiurad arabuli gagebiT, da, ra Tqma unda, islamis
meSveobiT. saCeti uSiSari adamiani iyo
da maioris Cinidan pirdapir generlis
Cini eray-iranis omis dros uboZes. is
am omis namdvili gmiri da piradad,
sadamis favoriti iyo, magram mogvianebiT, ukve omis dasrulebis Semdeg,
Zalian gauWirda imis gadaxarSva da miReba, rac sadamis garemocvaSi xdeboda. Sesabamisad, is ver gaxda misi klanis nawili. qamil saCeti mniSvnelovani
REUTERS
interviu
baRdadi 2008
cxeli Sokoladi
75
REUTERS
interviu
erayeli Siitebi locvis dros, baRdadi 2008
`madloba RmerTs, rom es saSineleba dasrulda~! _
meubnebodnen erayelebi. maTTvis amerikelebis eraySi
gamoCena niSnavda met fuls, Senebas, biznesis waxalisebas da
ganaxlebas, cxovrebis ukeTes pirobebs, ukeTes ganaTlebas,
jandacvas da ase Semdeg. samwuxaroa, rom es ase ar moxda.
dodaT amerikelebs eraySi, ra SeiZleba
momxdariyo Semdeg, rogor aisaxeboda
es maT cxovrebaze, da ase Semdeg. ase
rom, Cveni pirveli Sexvedrebi, ZiriTadad, erTmaneTis SekiTxvebze pasuxebis
gacemis mcdelobebi iyo. ase gavicaniT
erTmaneTi. raRac gagebiT, me maTTvis
dasavleTSi gaWrili fanjara viyavi,
erTgvari interpretatori im movlenebisa, rac eraySi xdeboda; erayuli
movlenebis dasavleli interpretatori. ase grZeldeboda TiTqmis weliwadnaxevris ganmavlobaSi. moxda ise, rom
Cven erTad gavxdiT iq ganviTarebuli
movlenebis mowmeni, dawyebuli amerikelebis gamoCeniT da damTavrebuli sadamis dapatimrebiT. vxedavdi, Tu rogor
dRiTi dRe icvleboda maTi ganwyoba,
rogor izrdeboda maTi ukmayofileba
imiT, rac maT qveyanaSi xdeboda. isini
daiRalnen wamdauwum dabombvebiT, amerikelebis utifrobiT, Ramis reidebiT
da nel-nela daiwyes amerikelebis winaaRmdeg sapasuxo nabijebis gadadgma.
xSirad, es yvelaferi saocrad daundobel da uxeS formebs iRebda; me araerTxel gavmxdarvar amis mowme. ukanasknelad saCetebis ojaxi 2005 wels
vnaxe. am droisaTvis im ubans, sadac
isini cxovrobdnen, TiTqmis mTlianad
figura gaxldaT sadamis garemocvaSi,
magram rac dro gadioda, is sul ufro
da ufro scildeboda Tavis mfarvels,
ZiriTadad, rwmenasTan dakavSirebuli
mosazrebebis gamo.
_ ramdenadac vxvdebi, sakmaod rTuli unda yofiliyo aseTi maRalCinosani
oficris ojaxis wevrebTan daaxloeba.
didi dro dagWirda maTi ndobis mosapoveblad?
_ ar vici. ufro, albaT, ara. ra Tqma
unda, arsebobda dabrkolebebi, kulturuli Tu enobrivi, magram, ai, ras
getyvi, _ erayelebi, qarTvelebis msgavsad, aranormalurad stumarTmoyvareni arian. maTi stumarTmoyvareoba mTel
im regionSia saxelganTqmuli. rodesac
maT pirvelad Sevxvdi (es omis damTavrebidan sul ramdenime kviris Semdeg
moxda), isini, sxva danarCeni erayelebis msgavsad, jer kidev ver garkveuliyvnen, Tu ra xdeboda maT Tavs da,
Sesabamisad, uamravi kiTxva hqondaT
CemTan. mekiTxebodnen imaze, Tu ra un76 cxeli Sokoladi
aTasobiT demonstranti amerikeli jariskacebis
eraySi darCenas aprotestebs, qerbala 2008
interviu
da ra efiqra imaze, rac maT garSemo
xdeboda. am droisaTvis erTi ram ukve
laitmotivad dayveboda nebismieri
baRdadelis mier gamoTqmul azrs, _
yovelive amaSi amerikelebi arian damnaSaveni, vinaidan es maTi okupaciaa,
maTi pasuxismgebloba, da swored maT
unda akontrolon qveyanaSi Seqmnili
viTareba. es ki is iyo, rasac amerikelebi namdvilad ver axerxebdnen. amave
dros, mesmoda, rom saCetebis ojaxis
SemTxvevaSi, isini, rogorc sunitebi,
Zalian SeSinebulni iyvnen eraySi Siitebis gabatonebis perspeqtiviTac.
_ gaxsovs Tu ara is momenti, rodesac
sakuTar Tavs uTxari, rom SenSi wigni
momwifda?
_ vinaidan Cem garSemo yvelaferi
Zalian swrafad icvleboda, SemiZlia
vTqva, rom es wignic cvalebad garemoSi mwifdeboda dawyebuli pirveli
biZgiT da damTavrebuli im momentiT,
rodesac mas gamomcemeli gamouCnda
jer inglisSi, Semdeg ki SeerTebul
StatebSi. gamaxsenda! rac Seexeba pirvel impulsebs... maxsovs, eraySi Cemi
pirveli vizitis dros, manqanaSi vijeqi
da baRdadidan erT-erT patara sofel-
REUTERS
_ meubnebodnen isini. maTTvis amerikelebis eraySi gamoCena niSnavda met
fuls, Senebas, biznesis waxalisebas da
ganaxlebas, cxovrebis ukeTes pirobebs, ukeTes ganaTlebas, jandacvas da
ase Semdeg. samwuxaroa, rom es ase ar
moxda. amerikelebma uamravi Secdoma
dauSves da ukeTesobis nacvlad yvelaferi gauaresda, _ ar iyo Suqi, gaZvirda cxovreba, Semcirda samuSao adgilebi, imata Zaladobam da TiTqmis sami Tu
oTxi Tvis Semdeg, erayelebi ukve Riad
aprotestebdnen amerikelebis politikas eraySi. am movlenebidan naxevari
wlis Semdeg amerikelebi ukve sakuTar
saxlebSi apatimrebdnen baRdadelebs,
abu-Rraibi gadatenili iyo patimrebiT,
sasamarTlo aRar arsebobda, erayeli
ojaxebi amaod eZebdnen dapatimrebul
naTesavebs, yvela sakiTxi mikerZoebulad wydeboda, aravin isjeboda... ai,
ase nel-nela Seicvala baRdadelebis
damokidebuleba amerikelebis mimarT.
es maTTvis ukve okupacias niSnavda. an
ki ra gasakviria, rom ase hgonebodaT,
rodesac qveyanaSi ukiTxavad SemoWrili ucxoelebi tankebiT dadiodnen
maTsave qalaqebis quCebSi. bevri sxva
erayelis msgavsad, saCetebis ojaxsac
ver gadaewyvita, Tu rogor emoqmeda
REUTERS
meomboxeebi akontrolebdnen da miuxedavad imisa, rom maT es CemTvis pirdapir da Riad ar uTqvamT, mimaxvedres,
rom maTi ojaxis ramdenime wevri ukve
meamboxeTa rigebSi ibrZoda amerikelebis winaaRmdeg. es saSinlad cudi periodi iyo baRdadisTvis. meamboxeebi
ara marto amerikelebs utevdnen, aramed, adgilobriv kolaboracionistebs
da policiasac. Cemi iq yofnis dros,
policiis ori ganyofileba aafeTqes.
saCetebis ojaxisaTvis es periodi, albaT, umZimesi iyo. isini saxlidan saxlSi gadadiodnen, vinaidan amerikelebs
eWvi gauCndaT, rom maTi vaJiSvilebi
meamboxeebis mxardamxar ibrZodnen da
amitomac, wamdauwum reidebiT atydebodnen xolme Tavs.
ise ki, getyvi, rom Tavidan, erTiori uWkuos garda, aravin Semxvedria
eraySi iseTi, visac sadamis reJimis
damxoba ar gaxarebia. SemiZlia davifico, rom sadamis damxobidan erTi kviris Semdeg adamianebi, igebdnen Tu ara,
rom naxevrad amerikeli var, madlobas
mixdidnen imis gamo, rac amerikelebma gaakeTes. es ara marto qurTebs an
Siitebs exebodaT, aramed, mTel baRdads hqonda es ganwyoba... `madloba
RmerTs, rom es saSineleba dasrulda!~
demonstrantebi erayis prezident, nuri almalikis Tojinas wvaven, baRdadi, ivnisi 2008
cxeli Sokoladi
77
interviu
romelic niaRvariviT moedineboda Cemken.. es periodi maTTvisac saintereso iyo, vinaidan swored maSin miecaT
cxovrebis Sefasebis Tu gadafasebis
SesaZleboba. ukve mogvianebiT, sakmaod didi xani damWirda imis gasarkvevad, Tu rogor momeyola Cemi istoria.
ar dagaviwydes, rom 2005 wlis Semdeg,
ukve advilad veRar vaxerxebdi baRdadSi Casvlas. me kavSiri gamiwyda Cemi
wignis gmirebTan. gamodis, rom am ojaxis istoriis mxolod nawili mqonda da
amitomac, Zalian rTuli iyo CemTvis am
yvelafris dalageba.
_ ukanaskneli wlebis ganmavlobaSi
erayi is adgilia, romlis monaxulebac
lamis programul aucileblobad iqca
yvelasTvis, vinc wers, danarCenebze rom
aRaraferi vTqvaT. dRes erayi jer kidev
ar-moyolili istoriebiT savse sivrcea
da yvela `Tavisi~ istoriis daZebnas cdilobs im sivrceSi. ase nel-nela `partaxdeba~ erayi Tematurad. dReisTvis ukve imdeni daiwera da iTqva iq Seqmnil viTarebaze
Tu iq macxovrebel adamianebze, rom Zneli
unda yofiliyo SenTvis am mRvrie wyalSi
Seni sakuTari istoriis `daWera~, miT ume-
tes, rom Seni wigni dokumenturi prozaa
da ara mxatvruli literatura. mainc, ra
an vin iyo ZiriTadi impulsi SenTvis?
_ TviTon generali saCeti. rTul situaciaSi Cavardnili patiosani da Rirseuli adamiani, romelic usityvo mtrad
aRiqmeba dasavleTisTvis; is Zlier
morwmune suniti oficeri iyo diqtator huseinis samsaxurSi. misi aRzevebis
da dacemis istoria, _ ai, ram damainteresa yvelaze ufro. dasavleTisTvis
aseTi personaJi jer kidev gauxsneli da
bolomde gaugebaria. es gansakuTrebiT
amerikelebs exebaT. isini saCetisnair
pirovnebas usityvod aRiqvamen mtrad.
me ki mindoda, danarCeni samyarosaTvis
am adamianis da misi ojaxis namdvili
saxe meCvenebina. TiTqos mindoda meTqva:
ai, is, sadamis armiis oficeri, Tqveni
mteri, SeiZleba, TqvenTvis arcTu ise
kargi adamiani, magram kaci sakuTari,
ganumeorebeli istoriiT, Rirsebis gansakuTrebuli SegrZnebiT, mosiyvarule
ojaxiT, Rrmad morwmune, savse SiSiT da
meryeobiT... mindoda, Cemi personaJisTvis boroti aCrdilis iarliyi momecilebina da samganzomilebian sivrceSi
REUTERS
Si mivdiodi. udabno unda gadagveWra
da miuxedavad imisa, rom im dros jer
kidev yvelaferi viTom wynarad iyo,
mainc damfrTxali viyavi. arcTu ise iSviaTi iyo udabnoSi manqanebze Tavdasxmis SemTxvevebi. safiqrelad bevri dro
mqonda da swored iq, manqanaSi gavacnobiere, Tu ramdeni saintereso ambis
momswre gavxdi aseT mcire droSi da
ramdeni saintereso adamiani Tu ojaxi
gavicani iq yofnisas. im dros eraySi
yofna iseTive saintereso iyo, rogorc
vTqvaT, berlinSi meore msoflio omis
dasrulebisTanave. uecrad vigrZeni,
rom TiTqos uxilavi kari gaixsna Cemsa
da adgilobrivebs Soris, gaCnda raRac
veli, romelic saSualebas da uflebas
maZlevda, damesva maTTvis SekiTxvebi,
xolo maT ki Riad esaubraT imaze, rac
maT Tavs xdeboda adre da axla. warmoidgine, aTwleulebis ganmavlobaSi,
sadamis reJimis dros, am adamianebs
ar SeeZloT Riad esaubraT imaze, Tu
ra xdeboda maT Tavs, ratom TanamSromlobdnen reJimTan, an rogor aiZulebdnen maT TanamSromlobas. es barieri aRar arsebobda, Sesabamisad, gaixsna
saocrad saintereso istoriebis wyaro,
erayeli jariskacebi amerikel instruqtorebTan
samxedro wvrTnas gadian, erayi 2008
78 cxeli Sokoladi
REUTERS
interviu
gadmomeyvana. CvenTvis es adamianebi xan
sunitebi arian, xan Siitebi, xan fanatikosebi, xan teroristebi da ase Semdeg,
magram Cven ar viciT, vin arian isini sinamdvileSi.
_ am adamianebs didi xnis ganmavlobaSi
mouwiaT Zlieri wnexis qveS cxovreba da
ramdenadac vxvdebi, aseTma zewolam, SesaZloa, garkveuli TvalsazrisiT `Caketa~ isini gare samyarosaTvis...
erayi 2008
mindoda, Cemi personaJisTvis boroti aCrdilis iarliyi
momecilebina da samganzomilebian sivrceSi gadmomeyvana.
CvenTvis es adamianebi xan sunitebi arian, xan Siitebi, xan
fanatikosebi, xan teroristebi da ase Semdeg, magram Cven ar
viciT, vin arian isini sinamdvileSi.
REUTERS
es albaT asea, magram rogorc giTxari, isini Zalian stumarTmoyvareni
arian da rom ar dagimalo, maTi `gaxsna~ Cemi gansakuTrebuli Carevis gareSe moxda. ubralod, maTTan saxlSi mivdiodi xolme da erTad vsadilobdiT,
vsvamdiT Cais da vsaubrobdiT. me maT
gulaxdil SekiTxvebs vusvamdi ojaxze,
mamaze, sadamisadmi maT damokidebulebaze, isini ki aseve gulaxdilad mpasuxobdnen. zogjer raRac ganyenebul
sakiTxebze vsaubrobdiT, zogjer ki,
vekiTxebodi, Tu rogori iyo skola,
sadac swavlobdnen, vis rogor axsovda
mama da axsovdaT Tu ara misi patimrobis mZime wlebi, ra daamaxsovrdaT eray-
iranis omis periodidan da ase Semdeg.
Cemi wigni maTi da maTive axloblebis
Tu nacnobebis mier moyolili zepirsityvieri istoriaa yovelgvari Selamazebis gareSe. maTi monayolisTvis arc
erTi sityva ar damimatebia....
_ ramdeni Svili hyavT saCetebs?
_ cxra. Sadvani, omari, ali, Seima, amani, ahmedi, zeinabi, mustafa, zaidi da
SviliSvilebis uTvleli raodenoba.
isini yvelani erTad cxovroben, garda
ori gaTxovili qaliSvilisa, romlebic
qmrebTan arian gadasulebi.
_ modi, axla im Tavs SevexoT, romlis
Targmnis da gamoqveynebis eqskluziuri
uflebac Sen `cxel Sokolads~ mieci.
am Tavis mTavari gmiri general saCetis
erT-erTi Svili ahmedia. ramdenadac Sengan vici, mas Semdeg, rac wigni daiwera, is
meamboxeTa razms SeuerTda da amjerad
mujahedebis rigebSi ibrZvis.. …
erayi 2008
_ Cemi ukanaskneli informaciis mixedviT Tu vimsjelebT, saCetebis ojaxis
ramdenime vaJiSvili meamboxeebs 2004
cxeli Sokoladi
79
REUTERS
interviu
erayeli qalebi ufaso sawvavis
darigebas elodebian, erayi 2008
sadamis reJimis damxobidan naxevari wlis Semdeg amerikelebi
dawyebuli da amboxebulebis sxvadasxva
dajgufebebTan kavSirebiT dasrulebuli, magram Cemi Zalisxmeva uSedegod
dasrulda. ZiriTadad, albaT imitom,
rom general saCetis Svilebi dRes alqaidas wevrebi arian. danamdvilebiT
vici, rom gasul wels isini damaskoSi
imyofebodnen, magram iqac, miuxedavad imisa, rom yvelanairad vcdilobdi maTTan dakavSirebas naTesavebis da
nacnobebis meSveobiT, verafers gavxdi.
siria sakmaod saSiSi adgilia erayidan
gadaxvewili ojaxebisTvis, romelTa
wevrebic al-qaidas rigebSi ibrZvian.
mokled, mivxvdi, rom maT Cemi naxva
swored amitom ar undodaT. zedmet
problemebs maridebdnen... aravin icis,
amjerad sad arian da arc maT surT,
rom vinmem ipovnos. amboben, rom kvlav
baRdadSi dabrundnen, magram, amjerad,
me veRar vaxerxeb iq moxvedras. Tanac,
SeuZlebelia maTi povna kardakar siaruliT qalaqSi, romelic konspiraciis
yvelaze daxvewili formaa.
ukve sakuTar saxlebSi apatimrebdnen baRdadelebs, abu-Rraibi
gadatenili iyo patimrebiT, sasamarTlo aRar arsebobda, erayeli
ojaxebi amaod eZebdnen dapatimrebul naTesavebs, yvela sakiTxi
mikerZoebulad wydeboda, aravin isjeboda...
wels SeuerTda da, rogorc ukve giTxari, me amas uTqmeladac vxvdebodi. mogvianebiT, Sematyobines, rom general
saCetis ufrosi Svili omari, al-qaidas
erT-erTi razmis meTauri gaxda. erTi
kviris win ki, Cemma kargma megobarma,
erayelma Jurnalistma, Sematyobina,
rom ahmedi da SesaZlebelia, mustafac
datyvevebulebi arian. maT bralad alqaidas wevroba edebaT. es sakmaod seriozuli braldebaa, miT umetes, rom
maTi bedi ara amerikelebis, aramed,
erayelebis xelSia. es bevrad uaresia,
vidre amerikelebis tyveobaSi yofna.
rac Seexeba alis, yvelaze gulRias
da megobruls, is, ramdenadac CemTvis
gaxda cnobili, 2008 wlis dasawyisSi,
erT-erTi brZolis dros mokles.
_ icodnen an xvdebodnen Tu ara isini,
an ician Tu ara dRes, rom wignis personaJebi arian?
_ maT ukanasknelad 2005 wels Sevxvdi. mas Semdeg maTi naxvis saSualeba
aRar momcemia. ra Tqma unda, vcdilobdi maT moZebnas sxvadasxva arxebis saSualebiT, generlis yofili mcvelebiT
80 cxeli Sokoladi
_ ramdenad dasrulebuli migaCnia
wigni am ojaxis ukanaskneli Tavgadasavlebis gareSe? xom ar ggonia, rom maT-
interviu
_ rogorc amboben, meore wigni, rogorc wesi, pirvelze ufro rTuli dasaweria. ramdenad rTuli aRmoCnda SenTvis am wignze muSaoba?
REUTERS
_ rodesac ici, ra unda wero, gansazRvruli gaqvs mimarTuleba, Txrobis
forma da ase Semdeg, maSin yvelaferi
normaluradaa. Tavidan Zalian gamiWirda, radganac yvelaferi zemoT Tqmuli maklda. ar vicodi, rogor amewyo,
baRdadi 2008
SemiTxzavs. `mdogvis marcvlis wona“
dokumenturi prozaa.
_ bolo SekiTxva, _ ramdenad Zneli aRmoCnda SenTvis am wignis gamomcemlebisaTvis miyidva?
_ wigni jer kidev dasrulebamde mivyide Cems inglisel gamomcemels, romelmac Cemi pirveli wigni „istoriebi,
romlebic movipare“
gamosca saqarTveloze. sul ramdenime kviris win ki
ukve dasrulebuli varianti amerikel
gamomcemels mivyide. maT Zalian swrafad iyides wigni da araviTari problemebi ar mqonia. es cota gasakviria, vinaidan, rogorc Tqvi, amerikaSi asobiT
wigni gamoicema erayis Temaze. magram
mgonia, rom Cemi wigni mainc gansxvavdeba danarCenebisagan. am wignSi amerikelebi sadRac ukan, meore planze arian
gadasulni; istoria erayelebis mieraa
moyolili da maTi TvaliTaa danaxuli.
ra Tqma unda, sruliad SesaZlebelia,
rom gamomcemlebs eTqvaT, _ `oh, RmerTo, kidev erTi wigni erayze!~ magram
sabednierod, es ase ar moxda. me magra
gamimarTla...
baRdadi 2008
REUTERS
_ mimaCnia, rom am istorias aqvs Tavisi logikuri dasasruli, vinaidan wignis mTavari personaJi mainc am ojaxis
Tavi da mamaa, romelic ukve cocxali
aRaraa. ase rom, am ojaxis Semdgomi
Tavgadasavlebi, albaT, ukve sxva wignis masalaa. Tumca, aqve vityodi, rom
Zalian maklia da menatreba baRdadi;
didi siamovnebiT davbrundebodi iq, im
SemTxvevaSic ki, Tu saCetebis ojaxis
naxvis saSualeba ar momecemoda.
rogor momeyola istoria, saidan damewyo. TiTqmis sami wlis ganmavlobaSi
ase grZeldeboda. xan erT Tavs mivawydebodi, xan meores. mere ki, saCetebis ojaxis istorias kidev ramdenime
personaJi da ambavi daemata da gasul
wels, rodesac jer damaskoSi, mere ki
amanSi vimyofebodi, yvelaferi Tavis
adgilze dadga. am qalaqebSi uamravi
erayelia gadaxvewili da ise moxda,
rom zogierTTan saubrisas aRmovaCine, rom TiTqmis yvela maTgani an piradad icnobda an kidev smenoda mainc
generali saCetis Sesaxeb. swored maTma moyolilma istoriebma `amomavsebines xvrelebi“. es xom araa mecnieruli
Sroma erayze da erayelebze? es wigni mTlianad adamianebis mogonebebzea
agebuli; maT zepir monaTxrobze. ra
Tqma unda, vcdilobdi Cems xelT arsebuli istoriebis gadamowmebas, Tumca, zogjer amas ver vaxerxebdi xolme,
Tanac, me sakmaod kargad vasrulebdi
„saSinao davalebebsac“ _ vkiTxulobdi wignebs erayze, sadamze, baRdadze...
magram Cemi wigni mainc pirveladi Semecnebis Sedegia da ara wakiTxulis
interpretaciis mcdeloba. me araferi
REUTERS
Tan kontaqtis SesaZlebeli ganaxlebiT
moaxerxebdi saCetebis ojaxis istoriis
kidev ufro detalurad da dramatulad
moyolas?
baRdadi 2008
cxeli Sokoladi
81
misi mesame da yvelaze morwmune vaJiSvili.
uendel sTivensoni
mdogvis
marcvlis
wona
The Weight of a Mustard Seed
(nawyveti wignidan)
inglisuridan Targmna kaxa Tolordavam
utyuar sasworiT gavmarTavT aRdgomis dRisTvis;
arcerTi suli araferSi daiCagreba. erTi misxalic rom
iyos mdogvis marcvlisa, mivcemT mas. sakmarisni varT
Cven aRmnusxvelebad!
yurani _ 21. 48(47)
Targmani - giorgi lobJaniZe
82 cxeli Sokoladi
ahmeds, qamil saCetis da um-omaris SuaTana vaJiSvils,
natifi aRnagoba da lamazi saxe hqonda. mis muqad gamWvirvale TvalebSi raRac auxsneli poezia Cabudebuliyo. bzinvare, bembiviT faxula wamwamebi hqonda, Tumca Tavi frTxilad eWira; kargad dauToebuli, yelTan bolomde Sekruli
diSdaSa an sufTa jinsi da Savi sviteri ecva xolme. arc
erTi misi Jesti ar iyo emociuri an zedapiruli; saubrisas
xelebs ar ixmarda. vardis kvirtiviT wiTeli tuCebi sakuTar TavSi darwmunebuli kacis iers aZlevda.
afeTqebis talRam fanjrebis SuSebi Seacaxcaxa.
ahmedma lamazad Cawikwikebuli kbilebiT gaiRima, `CvenTvis es xma musikasaviTaa~.
xuTi wlis iyo, iranTan omi rom dasrulda. es misi bavSvobis erT-erTi yvelaze adreuli mogonebaa. mamam manqanaSi Caisva da abu navasis quCiT sanapirosken gaaqrola,
qalaqis parkis zolis da mdinaris piras Camwkrivebuli
restornebis Cayolebaze. daamaxsovrda caSi wiTel-mwvane
varskvlavebad gafantuli, uzarmazari jadosnuri qrizanTemasaviT gaSlili feierverki. maRaziebis mepatroneebi
quCebSi gamvlelebs tkbileuls urigebdnen, xolo dardimandi mdidrebi musikosebs qiraobdnen da sakuTar baRebSi
akvrevinebdnen. mTeli qalaqi zeimobda; yvelgan sufra iyo
gaSlili. qalaqs modebuli mozardebi wyliT savse kasrebiT dasdevdnen gamvlelebs, mopipine manqanebidan gadmohyavdaT mZRolebi da did baRdadur wuwaobaSi iTrevdnen
yvelas. dReebis ganmavlobaSi avtomatebis kakani ayruebda
iqurobas. saqme iqamde mivida, rom sadami televiziiT gamovida da xalxs TxovniT mimarTa daeokebinaT emociebi,
radgan bevri saxiCrdeboda SemTxveviTi tyviebiT. ahmeds
daamaxsovrda gaxarebuli mama, romelic pirdapir manqanis
fanjridan isroda haerSi. mas arasdros unaxavs is aseTi
bednieri. dasrulda, rvawliani omi dasrulda!
`qalbatonebo da batonebo, Cven is daviWireT~.
2003 wlis dekembers amerikelebma sadRac bunkerSi gamoiWires sadami _ gaburZgnuli, pirquSi, wvermoSvebuli,
damarcxebuli, Svilebdaxocili, qveyanawarTmeuli. erayelebi televizoriT uyurebdnen Tu rogor usinjavdnen
amerikeli samxedro eqimebi mas piris Rrus, yuris niJarebs da Tmebs, ise, TiTqos rwyilebs eZebeno. es iyo da
es; amis garda sxvas arc arafers uCvenebdnen. es kadrebi
wyenis da aRgznebis nazavs badebda adamianebSi. garkveuli
TvalsazrisiT, sadamis aseTi damcireba bevr erayels moxvda gulze. me TviTon msmenia mis mier nawamebi adamianebis
piriT naTqvami: `ara, ase ar unda epyrobodnen mas. bolos
da bolos, is xom Cveni prezidenti iyo~!
qalaqi isev avtomatebis kakanma gaayrua. ba-ba-ba-ba-bax...
sibrazis da sixarulis ucnauri gamovlineba. saCetebis
ojaxi bednieri iyo; maT saxlSi sixarulma daisadgura.
um-omarma, generlis qvrivma, RimiliT miTxra, rom alis,
yovelTvis yvelaze impulsurs, iaraRis daTreva, gareT gavardna da haerSi srola undoda, magram man da alis debma
aukrZales amis gakeTeba. `ara, ara, nu izam amas, Torem amerikelebi movlen da dagiWeren!~ alim darcxvenilad moikatuna Tavi da Cven yvelam magra vicineT. gamojavrebiT
vuTxari, rom srolis xma erTaderTi ram iyo, rac srulad
gamoxatavda erayul suls: isrodnen qorwilebSi, kuveitis
fexburTis gundis damarcxebisas, rodesac manqanebiT Ca-
nawyveti wignidan
xergil quCebSi iWedebodnen, rodesac ubralod brazdebodnen, vinmes afrTxilebdnen, an rodesac Svili uCndebodaT.
sul isrodnen. isini Tavaziani TanxmobiT miqnevdnen Tavebs
da CemTan erTad icinodnen, rodesac oTaxSi ahmedi Semovida.
man misalmebis niSnad xeli mkerdze daido. ramadani iyo da
ojaxi marxulobda. ahmedi odnav fermkrTali da gadaRlili
Canda marxviT. ho, zeimis sababi namdvilad hqondaT sadamis
dapatimrebis gamo, magram is amisTvis madlobas namdvilad ver
gadauxdida amerikelebs. misTvis okupacia eris Seuracxyofas
niSnavda.
`amerikelebs rom vxedav, sakuTari xeliT mindeba maTi
mokvla,~ _ Tqva um-omarma ise, rom mis xmas siTbo ar dakargvia.
`iqneb SegveSvan, Tu maT mokvlas gavagrZelebT~, _ imedianad
Tqva Sadvanma.
ahmedi fiqrobda, rom erayuli policia arafriT Camouvardeboda amerikuls. policia okupantebTan TanamSromlobda,
maSasadame is mujahedebis saxels bRalavda.
`isini amerikelebze ufro imsaxureben sikvdils~, _ Tqva ahmedma. misTvis Ralati okupaciaze uaresi iyo. `isini xom dampyroblebs exmarebian~.
ahmedi sasuliero saswavlebelSi swavlobda, amitomac, yovel sisxam dilas iRviZebda salocavad da yuranis wasakiTxad.
miTxra, rom vera da ver gadaewyvita, Tu romeli sura uyvarda yvelaze metad, radganac misTvis yuranis yvela strofi
unaklo iyo. yurani _ sibrZnis, kanonis, winaswarmetyvelebis
gansaxiereba, istoriis da momavlis Semajamebeli wigni, RmerTis xorcSesxmuli sityva, ukidegano da amouwuravia. ahmedis
didi, moyavisfro Tvalebi mTeli Tavisi silamaziT anaTebdnen.
yoveldRe is am uzarmazari wignis raRac nawils izepirebda.
RamRamobiT, xSirad, mama esizmreboda xolme. sizmarSi, samxedro formaSi gamowyobili mzrunveli da dinji mama arigebda,
rom Seeswavla yurani ise, rogorc is yovelTvis ocnebobda;
yurani mSvidobas niSnavda. `yvelam unda icodes, rom is, rac
yuranSi weria, WeSmaritebaa~, _ miTxra ahmedma, `is Cvenze win
iyureba. iq ukve yvelaferi Cawerilia. Cven isRa dagvrCenia,
rom mivxvdeT raze gvelaparakeba~.
ki ara, aramed unda Tqva - inSalah, RvTis nebiT, da yovelTvis
ase ilaparako xvalindel dRezeo. ahmedisTvis aseTi SezRudvebi iseTive bunebrivi iyo, rogorc avtoriteti, saidanac es
SezRudvebi modioda. `rodesac is geubneboda, rom raRac unda
gagekeTebina, es imas niSnavda, rom ar arsebobda arc dRes da
arc xval; yvelaferi imave wams unda Segesrulebina. es samxedro
brZaneba iyo. amas kidev aitanda kaci, Tu arafers aSavebdi, magram kai biWi iyavi da, rame SegSloda _ ara, namdvilad ar mindoda mis siaxloves yofna, rames Tu vaSavebdi xolme~.
aTis Tu TerTmetis iqneboda ahmedi, yuranis Sesaswavlad
meCeTTan arsebul sazafxulo skolaSi rom Seiyvanes. meCeTi
misTvis wmidaTawmida iyo. iq gamoirkva, rom arcTu urigod gamosdioda surebis zuTxva da imasac daakvirda, _ meCeTze rom
yveboda mama, ufro yuradRebiT usmenda xolme. drodadro,
romelime suras uSecdomod rom ityoda, mowonebis niSnad mama
Tavs daukravda. ahmedma mamas sTxova sasuliero saswavlebelSi
gaegzavna skolis damTavrebis Semdeg da Tanxmobac miiRo.
mozardobaSi ocnebobda imami gamxdariyo, adamianebi daemoZRvra da islamTan mimarTebaSi maTi cnobismoyvareoba daekmayofilebina.
ara, ahmedma Tavi gaiqnia, mogzauroba mas ar ainteresebda.
`arc meqaSi waxvidodi?~
ahmedma dinjad daaqnia Tavi.
`inSalah~.
ramadanis dros ahmedi ufro xSirad saxlSi ijda da zogjer, rodesac maTTan mivdiodi, Camojdeboda da mesaubreboda gansxvavebebze rwmenaSi, aRmosavleTze da dasavleTze,
morwmuneebze da urwmunoebze.
`yvelas Tavisi Sexeduleba aqvs rwmenaze da Cven pativs vcemT maT azrs, _ ambobda is RimiliT, _ magram isic faqtia, rom
erT-erTi Cvengani cdeba~.
ahmeds uyvarda CemTan islamze da muhamedis magaliTze saubari. me aTasobiT kiTxva mitrialebda TavSi samoTxeze, Roris
xorcze, qalebze da jihadze. ahmedi arc erT Cems SekiTxvas
upasuxod ar tovebda. islami samoTxis kamkama tbasaviT gamWvirvale iyo misTvis.
sadamis dapatimrebidan erTi Tu ori dRis Semdeg, rodesac
`qalbatonebo da batonebo,
Cven is daviWireT~.
2003 wlis dekembers amerikelebma sadRac bunkerSi gamoiWires
sadami - gaburZgnuli, pirquSi, wvermSvebuli, damarcxebuli,
Svilebdaxocili, qveyanawarTmeuli. erayelebi televizoriT
uyurebdnen Tu rogor usinjavdnen amerikeli samxedro eqimebi
mas piris Rrus, yuris niJarebs da Tmebs, ise, TiTqos rwyilebs
eZebdneno. es iyo da es; amis garda sxvas arc arafers uCvenebdnen.
bavSvobaSi kargad ar swavlobda; gansakuTrebiT maTematikaSi
moikoWlebda. axsovs, Tu rogor umowmebda mama saSinao davalebebs arabuli enis saxelmZRvanelodan da rogor acofebda ahmedis araswori pasuxebi. amas rom miyveboda, SiSiT daburZgla mamis simkacris gaxsenebaze. erTxel mamisTvis uTqvams, rom raRac
saqmes momdevno dRes gaakeTebda. qamil saCets uTqvams, ara, ase
adhamiaSi mis mxardasaWerad gamarTuli ramdenime demonstracia amerikelebma daarbies, ahmeds SevekiTxe:
`ras gaswavlidnen sasuliero saswavlebelSi?~
`gvaswavlidnen yvela SemxvedrisTvis gveTqva salam, mSvidoba Tqven, ara aqvs mniSvneloba Tu vin iqneboda. gvaswavlidnen,
rom Segvendo maTTvis, vinc ziani mogvayena.~
cxeli Sokoladi
83
nawyveti wignidan
`ki, magram, es xom Zalian Znelia?~
„diax, yuranSic ki weria, rom amis unari yvelas rodi aqvs.~
`sadami gezizReba?~
`diax, me jer kidev mezizReba is~.
„unda gezizRebodes, Tu unda patiobde?~
„patieba imas niSnavs, xelSi rom Camvardnoda ar movklavdi.
dRes ukve naklebad mainteresebs, ra bedi eweva mas~.
`amerikelebze ras ityvi?~
`oh, amerikelebis SemTxvevaSi yvelaferi sxvagvaradaa~. ahmedma miTxra, rom maT, vinc brZoliT movida, brZoliT unda
daxvde.
`magram es xom kidev ufro met sikvdils niSnavs? kacis kvlas
ra, SeuZlia sibrazis ganeleba an Secdomis gamosworeba?~…
`SurisZiebas gulisxmob?~ _ SemekiTxa ahmedi.
`albaT~.
`yvelaferi es islamamde arsebuli Cvenive arabuli fesvebia.
Zmas Tu momiklav, iZulebuls gamxdi, mogkla. Cemi sindisi ar
momcems uflebas, rom vicocxlo, sanam Sen cocxali iqnebi.
muhamedma es tradicia kanons daumorCila. islamSi asea, _ Zmas
Tu momiklav, ver mogklav; mTavrobam unda dagsajos da Cems
magivrad iZios Suri. arsebobs sami arCevani: an xelisuflebas
vatyobineb, rom Zma momikali, an vTanxmdebi Sengan sisxliani
fulis aRebaze, an kidev gpatiob~.
`muhamedi romels arCevs?~
`Tu es SemTxveviT moxda, ukeTesi iqneba Tu vapatieb, magram
Tu ganzrax mkvlelobaa, ar SeiZleba apatio maT, vinc es Caidina. maTi mokvliT Semdgom mkvlelobebs icileb Tavidan~.
`ras niSnavs SemTxveviTi mkvleloba da rodis SeiZleba gaamarTlo kacis kvla? raa kargi imaSi, `wiTel jvarSi~ Tu bombs
Seagdeb?~
`jihadi daSvebulia mxolod sxva mebrZolebis winaaRmdeg.
rac Seexeba bombebs, gaaCnia SenobaSi vin iyo~.
`rogorc wesi, iq an erayelebi imyofebian an ucxoelebi~.
`Tu sastumroSi amerikeli vip-persona aTenebs Rames, magram
amave dros, iq udanaSaulo adamianebic imyofebian, iTvleba,
rom im udanaSauli adamianebis sikvdili dasaSvebia, radganac
ar gaqvs ufleba, amerikeli vip-personis mokvlis Sansi gauSva
xelidan. davuSvaT, Tavdasxmisas 20 udanaSaulo adamiani daiRupa, magram Tu amerikeli cocxali darCa, es imas niSnavs, rom
mogvianebiT is aTasobiT udanaSaulos moklavs~.
`es ra, yuranSi weria?~
`yuranSi ar weria, rom miznis misaRwevad udanaSaulo adamianebis mokvla daSvebulia, magram yvela islamur liders Tavisi dajgufeba hyavs da piradi azri gaaCnia imaze, Tu rogor
gaigos yuranSi dawerili. marTalic iyos SeiZleba da mtyuanic~.
`magram yuranSi xom garkveviT weria omze da misi warmoebis
Sesaxeb? ratomaa dasaSvebi sxva interpretacia?~
ahmedi Tavdajerebuli kaci gaxldaT. misi gamoxedva sakuTari misiis mniSvnelobiT iyo savse. misi priala, wablisferi
warbebi erTxelac ar Setokebula Cem mier gamoTqmuli protestis gamo. zogjer, saubrisas, raRac mosazrebis xazgasmis mizniT an protestis niSnad, is Tavisi lamazi, daxvewili
TiTebis wverebs axebda erTmaneTs. Cems yvela kiTxvas pasuxi
mohyveboda. pasuxi RmerTis mier iyo nakarnaxevi da ahmedic
moTminebiT mixsnida am martiv WeSmaritebas.
`yurani sakmaod detaluria jihadTan mimarTebaSi. variantebi mis amoqmedebasTan dakavSirebiT arcTu ise bevria. sa84 cxeli Sokoladi
bolood, yvelaferi iqamde dadis, Tu rogoraa SesaZlebeli
miznis miRweva da aq yurani sakuTari arCevanis uflebas gitovebs~.
`magram udanaSauloTa mkvleloba xom gansazRvravs parametrebs? avtobusebSi afeTqebuli israelelebi mebrZolebi ar
arian.~
`israelelebi gansakuTrebuli SemTxvevaa. isini movidnen
da ukiTxavad dasaxldnen Cvens miwebze. rodesac palestineli TviTmkvleli avtobuss afeTqebs, im avtobusSi myofi arc
erTi israeleli udanaSaulo ar aris~.
`magram TviTmkvleloba xom haramia?~
`ho, TviTmkvleloba codvaa, Tumca, jihadi gansakuTrebuli SemTxvevaa. TviTmkvleli sakuTar Tavsac ifeTqebs, magram
amave dros, is sakuTari religiisaTvisac akeTebs sasikeTo saqmes~.
`migaCnia, rom is sakuTari rwmenis danarCeni samyaros TvalSi asamaRleblad akeTebs amas?~
„dae, sxvebs Tavisi azri hqondeT amis Sesaxeb. is ki, rogorc
tanjuli wmindani, zecas amaRldeba~.
`TerTmet seqtemberze ras fiqrob?~
ahmedma Tvalebi daaxamxama.
`niu-iorkze Tavdasxmas gulisxmob~?
ho. rodesac ori uzarmazari Senoba miwasTan gaaswores~.
`ho, es jihadi iyo, _ gaeRima ahmeds, _ da me Zalian bednieri
viyavi.
„jihadi amerikis winaaaRmdeg?~
„sanam amerika islamur qveyanas utevs, jihadi amerikis winaaRmdeg ar Sewydeba.~
`2001 wels romel islamur qveyanas esxmoda Tavs amerika?~
„bevr sxvadasxva qveyanas, _ gajiutda ahmedi, gansakuTrebiT
bosnia-hercogovinaSi, sadac uamravi adamiani gawyvites.~
me moTminebiT avuxseni mas, rom amerikas ki ar gauwyvetia
bosnieli muslimebi, aramed piriqiT, icavda kosovoel muslimebs serbebisagan. Semdeg pirdapir vkiTxe:
„aba, sad esxmoda Tavs amerika muslimebs 2001 wels?~
ahmedma movliT mipasuxa.
`is islams arapirdapiri gziT ebrZvis. zustad ar vici, magram amerika zewolas axdens muslimebze. bevr qveyanaze. zustad ver getyvi romelze~.
`daixocnen Tu ara udanaSaulo adamianebi niu-iorkSi?~
`Tu simarTlea is, rom es al-qaidas gakeTebulia, maSin es
didi ziania amerikis ekonomikisaTvis.~
`ahmed, _ odnac dasavluri qedmaRlobiT gamovceri kbilebSi, es yvelaferi aranairad ar asaxula amerikis ekonomikaze~.
ahmedma isev sxva taqtikas mimarTa.
„ho, amboben, rom es al-qaidas gakeTebulia, magram piradad me, mgonia, rom es TviTon amerikelebis naxelavia. im orma
TviTmfrinavma uzarmazari propaganda gaswia terorizmis winaaRmdeg. amis Semdeg maT SeeZloT nebismier islamur qveyanas
dasxmodnen Tavs im sababiT, rom terorizms ebrZvian avRaneTsa da eraySi.~
2001 wlis bolos buSis `borotebis RerZis~ SuagulSi, TeiranSi vmuSaobdi da Cemi naxevrad legaluri satelituri antenis meSveobiT (da movlenebis siurrealobiT saxeze momdgari
dabneuli RimiliT) vuyurebdi Tu rogor afrqvevda eraySi
omis mxardasaWer ritorikas `foqsis~ arxis axali ambebis manqana. samxreT Teiranis gapartaxebul nawilSi wavedi, sadac im
erayel ltolvilebs gavesaubre, vinc sadamis terors gamoe-
nawyveti wignidan
qcnen; TiTqmis yvela maTgani Siiti iyo. Semdeg ki, sazRvari
gadavkveTe da erayul qurTistanSi gadavedi. iqaurebi miyvebodnen anfalze, qimiur Setevebze, miwasTan gasworebul soflebze da saZmo saflavebze. erayelebis monayoli nebismieri
ambavi tkiviliT da tanjva-wamebiT iyo savse. moxuci kacebi
diSdaSebs ikapiwebdnen, CemTvis majebze SerCenili borkilebis
ovaluri anabeWdebi rom eCvenebinaT; vusmendi ukbilo beber
qalebs, romlebic miyvebodnen, Tu rogor miaTrevdnen sadRac
maT Svilebs jariskacebi da rogor uwvavdnen saxlebs; qurTebi miyvebodnen momwamvleli gazis sunze, romelic filtvebs
axalgazrda kaci vnaxe. mas is ubedureba xvda wilad, rom TebervalSi daibada da Tvrametis rom Sesrulda, amerikelebis
Semosvlamde xuTi kviriT adre, samxedro uniforma misces,
oRond ara iaraRi, da sangarSi ukres Tavi. erTxelac B52-ma
bombi Camoagdo da marjvena fexi da xeli waacala. janmrTeli
da lamazi axalgazrda kaci iyo; gaRimebas cdilobda; miTxra,
rom tkivilebi Zalian awuxebda, magram wamlebic hqonda da
uZilobis gasaqarwyleblad mSoblebis mier saxlidan motanili magnitofonis smenac SeeZlo. yvela im arnaxuli Zaladobidan, ris naxvamac momiwia, _ sikvdilis, gvamebis, dasaxiCrebuli
`Tu
sastumroSi amerikeli vip-persona aTenebs Rames, magram
amave dros iq udanaSaulo adamianebic imyofebian, iTvleba, rom
im udanaSauli adamianebis sikvdili dasaSvebia, radganac ar gaqvs
ufleba, amerikeli vip-personis mokvlis Sansi gauSva xelidan.
davuSvaT, Tavdasxmisas 20 udanaSaulo adamiani daiRupa, magram
Tu amerikeli cocxali darCa, es imas niSnavs, rom mogvianebiT is
aTasobiT udanaSaulos moklavs~.
wvavda da vaSlis da nivris suni asdioda; adamianebi mkerdze
mikruli bavSvebiT xelSi ixocebodnen.
im dros jer kidev sakmaod miamiti viyavi. CemTvis sadami
cudi mmarTveli iyo, romelic sakuTar xalxs Cagravda da xocavda; Sesabamisad, Tu mis mosacileblad Zala iyo saWiro,
vfiqrobdi me lamis ahmediviT, maSin namdvilad Rirda am nabijis gadadgma. mjeroda im principebis da mosazrebebis, razec
vizrdebodi, naxevrad amerikeli, naxevrad ingliseli, gajerebuli patiosnebis, siZlieris, uflebebis da demokratiis
cnebebiT. 2003 wlis martSi, erayul qurTistanSi yofnisas,
eraySi omis dawyebis molodinSi, vusmendi erayuli kampaniis
moralur sisworeSi darwmunebuli Toni bleris anTebul gamosvlas parlamentSi, vusmendi qolin fauelis mier gaerTianebuli erebis organizaciaSi warmodgenil detalur analizs masobrivi ganadgurebis iaraRis arsebobaze. mjeroda Cemi
mTavrobebis, ara yvelafris, rasac isini ambobdnen, magram
mjeroda, rom isini kargi tipebi iyvnen.
omi rom daiwyo, qveynis CrdiloeTiT gavemgzavre, sadac iseTi sigiJe ar trialebda, rogorc baRdadSi. iq yofnisas ZiriTadad imas vuyurebdiT, Tu rogor bombavdnen amerikelebi
dedaqalaqs da velodebodiT baRdadis dacemas. rodesac sadamis Zegli Camoagdes, es niSani iyo mosulisa da kirkutisTvis
rom iqac igive gameorebuliyo. Cven manqanebiT gadavkveTeT
Sida sazRvari da post-sadamur areulobas SeverieT aTasobiT gabednierebul qurTTan erTad, visac, rogorc iqna, mieca
naTesavebis da axloblebis naxvis saSualeba. gzadagza isini
arbevdnen iaraRis sawyobebs da anadgurebdnen yvelafers, rac
baaTistebTan iyo kavSirSi: policiis ganyofilebebs, ofisebs,
yvelafers, rac gzad xvdebodaT.
maxsovs, ori Tu sami dRis Semdeg, rodesac areuloba odnav
Cawynarda, sadamis mier aSenebul did hospitalSi wavedi (romelsac naCqarevad gadaarqves saxeli da azadi daarqves, rac
qurTulad Tavisuflebas niSnavs), sadac sawols mijaWvuli
Cvilebis Tu saavadmyofoebis sisxliT morwyuli mimRebebis,_
am SemTxvevam mainc yvelaze ufro imoqmeda Cemze. ar vici,
ratom. Tu adre is jariskaci iyo, misgan axla mxolod da
mxolod invalidi biWiRa darCeniliyo, dangreuli sxeuliT da
uimedo momavliT. dedamisi Zalian wuxda Svilze, vin miscemda
samsaxurs? vin gayveboda colad? me misi xeli xelSi meWira
da vaimedebdi, rom yvelaferi kargad iqneboda, rom daxmareba
es-esaa movidoda, rom sul raRac ramdenime TveSi mTels eraySi dasavleli eqimebi da jandacviTi programebi imuSavebdnen,
rom arsebobda axali teqnologiebi da eleqtroimpulsebze
momuSave titaniumisagan damzadebuli saswaulmoqmedi protezebi, romelTa meSveobiTac misi vaJiSvili `axaliviT gaxdeboda~, vumtkicebdi, rom mas hqonda momavali. vfiqrob, im dros
Cemive sityvebis mjeroda.
oms ar SeuCerebia represiebi eraySi. piriqiT, adamianebis
Cagvra gagrZelda da gauaresda; imata mkvlelobis da wamebis
SemTxvevebma. yovel momdevno wels axal-axali ubedureba mohqonda. okupantebis da maTi mokavSireebis Secdomebma, adgilobrivebTan kavSiris damyarebis uunarobam, maTma uRirsobam
da uvicobam, kosmetikurad Selamazebuli amerikuli `mwvane
wonis~ farglebSi moiyara Tavi. londonsa Tu niu-iorkSi rom
miwevda dabruneba, lamis guli mereoda politikosebis layafze, tyuils tyuilze rom iZaxdnen. am ubedurebis dawyebidan
wlinaxevris Semdeg, jorj buSi meore vadiT airCies prezidentad.
ra Tqma unda, ahmedis konspiraciis Teoriebi mcdari iyo,
magram ara naklebi kliSe, vidre misi sapirispiro mosazreba,
kerZod ki is, rom demokratiis danergva ZaliTaa SesaZlebeli. ubralod, ahmedis RirebulebaTa paketi monetis meore
mxare iyo; swored es aZlevda saSualebas or prezidents,
erTmaneTTan mimarTebaSi ase xSirad exmaraT sityva `boroti~. Cven yvela CvenTvis kargad nacnob, misaReb da sayvarel
sivrceSi vizrdebodiT, iq arsebuli sazogadoebis mier dacxeli Sokoladi
85
nawyveti wignidan
wesebuli wesebis da tradiciebis farglebSi; sadRac Sors,
zRvebis gadaRma ki, is gveleSapi budobs, romelsac `sxva~
ewodeba. ahmeds sisxlSi hqonda gamjdari is tradiciebi da
Sexedulebebi, romelic im sazogadoebam moaxvia Tavs, sadac daibada da gaizarda. misTvis mTavari iyo ojaxi, islami,
WeSmariteba, xolo danarCen samyaros piri hqonda Sekruli
muslimebis da arabebis winaaRmdeg. nebismieri CvenganiviT,
isic Tavs moxveuli mikerZoebuli informaciis da propagandis erTgvari nazavi gaxldaT. SeiZleba, xSirad cinikuri
an daundobeli yofiliyo, magram amave dros, axalgazrda,
gabrazebuli kaci iyo da, rogorc mamaCemi ityoda xolme,
rodesac espaneTis samoqalaqo omis monawile internacionalistebis (orueli, kestleri, roberT jordani da sxvebi)
axalgazrdul idealizmze saubrobda, ahmedi `izmebis qselSi
iyo gabmuli~. is ideologias iyo mijaWvuli _ salafizms,
jihadizms, nacionalizms, _ romlebic yvela sxva ideolo-
mxars ebraelebi uWeren. Cven unda SevebrZoloT am codvilebs
yvelgan, CrdiloeTidan samxreTamde, erT muStad SevikraT da
vebrZoloT ise organizebulad, rogorc amas Cveni religia
gvaswavlis~.
amas mujahedebis winaaRmdegobis amsaxveli kadrebi mohyveboda:
TviTnakeTi bombebiT gatenili satvirTo manqanebi, saxeaxveuli mebrZolebi, gzis miRma Casafrebuli mebrZolis mier
distanciuri pultiT afeTqebuli amerikuli javSnosanis, xeliT gadaRebuli, mocaxcaxe kadrebi, mokluli kolaboracionistebis sapasporto fotoebi da sxva dokumentebi...
mere: mujahedebis jgufi naRmmtyorcns dgams Ramis sibneleSi. epizodi maSxalis momwvano SuqiTaa ganaTebuli.
ahmedis komentari: „isini sastumros afeTqebas apireben
amiT.~
`gmadlobT, ahmed. im sastumroSi me vcxovrob.~
amerikeli jariskacebi angreven WiSkrebs da saxlebSi
uvardebian erayelebs Ramis reidebis dros; erayeli tyveebis jgufi,
_ ukan gadagrexili, Sekruli xelebi, SeSinebuli saxeebi gadaWedil
sabargo manqanebSi; amerikeli jariskacebi naxevradSiSvel kacs
miaTreven quCaSi da avtomatebis jers uSenen samoqalaqo pirebs.
kadrsmiRma CaxleCili xma ambobs: `rogor SeiZleba gaCumde,
rodesac Sen garSemo aseTi ram xdeba~?
giebis msgavsad, konkretul da mkafio pasuxebs sTavazobdnen usamarTlo da areul-dareul droSi. es CvenTvis ucnob
prizmaSi damaxinjebulad areklili faqtebiT savse calmxrivi Sexeduleba iyo. ahmedTan kamaTis dros vTxovdi xolme,
awonil-dawonili pasuxebi gaeca CemTvis, magram misi javSanSi
Camjdari TviTdajereba umtkivneulod isxletda yvelafer
imas, rac mis xedvas ewinaaRmdegeboda.
erTxel ahmedma erT-erTi meamboxe razmis, ansar al sunas
wevrebis mier gadaRebuli video Canaweri miCvena. Canaweri
okupantebis mier Cadenili mxecobebis CvenebiT iwyeboda. amerikeli jariskacebi angreven WiSkrebs da saxlebSi uvardebian
erayelebs Ramis reidebis dros; amis Semdeg, naCvenebi iyo
erayeli tyveebis jgufi, _ ukan gadagrexili, Sekruli xelebi,
SeSinebuli saxeebi gadaWedil sabargo manqanebSi; amerikeli
jariskacebi naxevradSiSvel kacs miaTreven quCaSi da avtomatebis jers uSenen samoqalaqo pirebs. kadrsmiRma CaxleCili
xma ambobs: `rogor SeiZleba gaCumde, rodesac Sen garSemo
aseTi ram xdeba~?
samontaJo Wra. amjerad ukve dinjad wakiTxuli kadrsmiRma
teqsti: `RmerTs uyvars isini, vinc Tavisi rwmenis dasacavad
ibrZvian. iyavi momTmeni da nu iTanamSromleb mterTan. jihadi
eraySi mcxovrebi yvela muslimis valia da isini, vinc ibrZvian, WeSmariti muslimebi arian. Cven yvelam unda miviRoT
monawileoba jihadSi da danarCenebsac movuwodoT SemogvierTdnen... Cveni eris dasacavad. Cveni mtrebi Cvenive rwmenis gasanadgureblad movidnen aq; okupantebi qveynidan unda gavaZevoT. amerikelebi aq sakuTari interesebis gamo movidnen. maT
86 cxeli Sokoladi
Semdeg: TiTqmis aTi wuTis ganmavlobaSi kamera mimarTulia xelebisken, romelic mizandasaxuli siCqariT aerTebs
naRmmtyorcnis mavTulebs. erT-erTi iq myofi cdilobs, asanTiT moukidos patruqs, magram asanTs monaberi qari aqrobs.
is meore Rers ukidebs, romelic erTs ielvebs da qreba, amas
Semdegi mohyveba; xuTi Tu eqvsi aranTebuli asanTis Reri.
mujahedebi naRmmtyorcns mdebareobas ucvlian, Tan CurCuleben: `Cawie, odnav gverdze, kidev~. mere ki, rogorc iqna,
cecxli patruqs ekideba da raketa feirverkiviT iWreba Ramis
caSi, Tumca, mizans ver aRwevs.
2004 wlis martSi, oTxi amerikeli kontraqtori manqanidan
gadmoaTries felujaSi, xeze Camokides, kidurebi daaWres
da dawves. male faruli winaaRmdegoba Ria dapirispirebaSi
gadaizarda. erayis ganTavisuflebis wlisTavis aRsaniSnavad
quCebi dacarielda. erTxel, imisTvis, rom gamerkvia, ra xdeboda, manqanaSi Cavjeqi da dasavleT gareubnisken gavemarTe.
gzaze cecxlwakidebul tanks movkari Tvali. `bleqhoqis~ tipis ori vertmfreni ise dastrialebda Tavs cecxlwakidebul
tanks, rogorc buzebi leSs. im droisTvis ahmedi ukve aRar
dadioda sasuliero saswavlebelSi. misi Zmis, alis coli, ibn
haiTemis universitetSi eswreboda leqciebs, magram Senobas
bombi daeca. axla yvelani saxlSi isxdnen raRacis molodinSi
da mobiluri telefonebis meSveobiT igebdnen Worebs Tu informacias axloblebisgan.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 150
rusuli saxli
"rusuli saxli"
sanqt-pererburgis saswavlo centr "zlatoustisa" da m. lomonosovis
saxelobis moskovis saxelmwifo universitetis saerTaSoriso ganaTlebis centris oficialuri partniori saqarTveloSi, gTavazobT rusuli enis Semswavlel kursebs:
skolamdeli asakis bavSvebisTvis;
skolis moswavleebisTvis;
studentebisa da magistrantebisTvis;
zafxulisa da zamTris sezonur enis kursebs;
banakebs sanqt-peterburgsa da saqarTvelos teritoriaze.
specialuri enis kursebs:
politikosebisTvis;
iuristebisaTvis;
ekonomistebisTvis;
JurnalistebisTvis;
eqimebisTvis;
sastumrosa da restornis personaliTvis.
swavlis sruli kursis damTavrebisas gaicema saerTSoriso serTifikati evrostandartiT B1,B2,C1,C2.
saswavlo programis xangZlivobaa wlidan or wlamde, intensiuri kursebi Tvenaxevridan samTvemde.
maRalkavificiuri pedagogebi, saswavlo inventariT uzrunvelyofa, saxelmwifo dawesebulebebis, kerZo organizaciebis da kompaniebis TanamSromelTa maTsave ofisebSi momzadeba, rogorc jgufuri ise individualuri
mecadineobebis SesaZlebloba, "rusuli saxlis" mTavari upiratesobebia.
msoflioSi aprobirebuli saswavlo programebisa da komunikaciisTvis saWiro unar-Cvevebis garda karg megobrul
urTierTobebsac dagaxvedrebT. gaxsovdeT, rusul enas yvelaze kargad "rusul saxlSi" aswavlian.
misamarTi: WavWavaZis pr. 17a, skola "mermisi"; tel.: 45-18-39; mob: 899 29-33-23, 899 73-73-89
el. fosta: [email protected]
istoria
ana da niko
avtori: nino beqiSvili
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
ana da niko rva welia col-qmari arian.
orives aqvs sayvareli da saintereso
profesia; orive sakmaod bevrs mogzaurobs; hyavT 7 wlis andro. mokled, erTi
SexedviT, Cveulebrivi ojaxia. ise, me rom
mkiTxoT, arc mTlad Cveulebrivi _ statias rom waikiTxavT, amas, mgoni, Tqvenc
mixvdebiT. niko ukve naxevari weliwadia,
ucxoeTSia _ or TveSi erTxel Camodis
xolme. ana ver eleva aqaurobas _ marTla
bevri saqme aqvs aq dawyebuli, mosagvarebeli da dasamTavrebeli. ar aris ioli
col-qmris ase, cal-calke cxovreba, magram ra qnan, Tavs zemoT Zala araa.
niko inasariZe 37 wlisaa, maTematikis mecnierebaTa doqtoria da amJamad
88 cxeli Sokoladi
espaneTSi, galisiaSi, bigos da santiagos universitetebSi muSaobs. im mravali qveynidan, sadac namyofia, espaneTi
swored am niSniT airCia _ espaneTi saqarTvelos hgavs; espanelebi _ qarTvelebs. es rom miTxra, cotaTi gameRima
kidec da gulic metkina. maTematikosi,
romelsac arc ZviradRirebuli laboratoria sWirdeba da arc cdebis Catareba,
internetis epoqaSi sad iqneba, albaT,
ukve aRar aqvs gadamwyveti mniSvneloba
_ mTavaria, garkveuli cenzisa da minimaluri pirobebis mqone universitetSi
an samecniero centrSi imuSaos. dRes ki,
Turme, marto niko ki ara, TiTqmis yvela qarTveli axalgazrda maTematikosi,
vinc maTematikas uerTgula, ucxoeTis
sxvadasxva samecniero centrebSi gaifanta. amaze niko da ana iseTi guldawyvetiT melaparakebodnen, rom mec ki,
visac maTematika bavSvobidanve, rbilad
rom vTqva, ar miyvarda da maTematikis
maswavlebeli amqveynad lamis yvelaze
saSineli monstri megona, SevSfoTdi.
fundamenturi mecniereba, maTematika,
saqarTveloSi dRes arapopularuli, dabalanazRaurebadi dargia da mecnieri,
Tu ucxoeTSi ar imuSava, an kerZo repetitorobas ar mihyo xeli, an paralelurad rame ar moigona, TiTqmis SimSilisTvisaa ganwiruli. a. razmaZis saxelobis
maTematikis institutis ufrosi mecnier
istoria
TanamSromlis xelfasi dRes 185-mde laria. swored am institutSi muSaobs niko.
am 185 larad ki, cxovreba Zalian Znelia, albaT, warmoudgenlic. miT umetes,
maSin, rodesac mZime gonebriv samuSaos
asruleb. es iseTi saqmea, verafers SeuTavseb, ubralod, gadaiwvebi. ana meubneba, am bolo xanebSi niko sul wasasvlelad iwevda. vici, rom marTalic iyo,
mec, Cemi profesiiT evropis nebismier
qveyanaSi viSovidi samuSaos, magram aq
ukve dawyebuli saqmis Sua gzaze mitoveba menanebao. anas saqmianobis Sesaxeb
cota qvemoT mogaxsenebT, jer nikos istorias mivyveT.
nikos mama xvedri inasariZe 15 wlisa
iyo, rodesac saqarTveloSi pirvelad
Camoiyvanes mSoblebma. is qarTveli emi-
grantebis ojaxSi, parizSi daibada, da
iqve miiRo saSualo ganaTleba. nikos
babua, qarTveli mwerali, meuRlesTan
erTad 1929 wels gaeqca komunistur
reJims. inasariZeebis ojaxi II msoflio
omis Semdeg, emigrantebis pirvel nakadTan erTad dabrunda saqarTveloSi da
maTi istoriac iseTivea, rogoric TiTqmis yvela yofili emigrantisa _ stalinma Sua aziaSi gaasaxla. xvedri inasariZe
akademikosia, saqarTveloSi algebruli
skolis fuZemdebeli, nikos megobari da
Tanamoazre. niko ki _ misi saqmis gamgrZelebeli. ramdenime proeqtze mama-Svili
erTad muSaobs. isic, rom niko maTematikosi gaxda, Zalian bunebrivad moxda.
maTTan saxlSi mudmivad `maTematikuri~
suli trialebda _ xSirad modiodnen ma-
mis moswavleebi da megobrebi, im droisaTvis cnobili qarTveli maTematikosebi, saubrobdnen maTematikis Sesaxeb. ra
Tqma unda, maSin nikos am saubrebidan
bevri ram ar esmoda, magram sxva profesiaze namdvilad arasdros ufiqria.
niko: skola profesiis arCevanSi namdvilad ar yofila stimulis momcemi
da, maincdamainc, kargad arc maxsendeba.
sasacilo isaa, rom skolaSi kargi maTemetikis maswavlebeli arc myolia. 1987
wels maTematikis fakultetze Cavabare,
es is periodia, roca saqarTveloSi erovnuli moZraoba daiwyo da studentobis
dro nawilobriv mitingebze gavatareT.
es, erTi mxriv, ar iyo cudi, magram, Zalian bevri ram, rac studentobisas unda
gaakeTos adamianma, Cvenma Taobam ver
cxeli Sokoladi
89
istoria
gaakeTa. Tumca, Tbilisis saxelmwifo
universitetSi dRevandel situaciasTan
SedarebiT, maSin bevrad ukeTesi mdgomareoba iyo, jer kidev SemorCenili
iyo Zveli Taobis profesura. mamaCemic
maswavlida. maTematikaSi pedagogs cota
gansxvavebuli datvrTva aqvs. ZiriTadi isaa, rom mimarTuleba unda mogces,
da mere Sen TviTon, damoukideblad
unda akeTo raRacebi. misi moswavleebi
Tvlian, rom mamaCemi kargi pedagogia,
swored imitom, rom srul Tavisuflebas
aZlevs studentebs.
saqarTveloSi ufro klasikuri da gamoyenebiTi maTematikis tradiciaa. Cemi
dargia abstraqtuli maTematika. popularul enaze rom vTqva, ricxvebis nacvlad ufro zogad simravleebTan da
maTSi Semotanil algebrul struqturebTan (operaciebTan) gvaqvs saqme. ufro
90 cxeli Sokoladi
advilad rom mixvde _ ai, warmoidgine,
elementarul maTematikaSi xom SegviZlia ricxvebze operaciebis gakeTeba,
Sekreba, gamokleba, gayofa. `Cems~ maTematikaSi SegviZlia simravlis ori elementi (pirobiTad `cxeni~) SevkriboT da
miviRoT simravlis raRac mesame elementi. swored aseT maTematikur obieqtebs
vswavlobT mravali sxvadasxva kuTxiT.
ikiTxavT, ra saWiroa, erTi SexedviT
sisuleleo, magram getyviT, rom aseTi
obieqtebi mravali fizikuri Tu sxva
procesebis dros bunebrivad Cndeba da
maT srulfasovnad Seswavlaze bevrad
aris damokidebuli warmatebuli kvleva fizikis mraval dargSi (mag. kvantur
fizikaSi), biologiaSi Tu kompiuterul
mecnierebebSi. samecniero moRvaweoba
pirvelive kursidan daviwye. Cvens kursze, 150 studentidan 15-20 kaci iyo,
visac, kargad swavlis garda, hqondaT
monacemebi seriozuli mecnierebi gamosuliyvnen. aqedan dRes maTematikas 3-4
kaci SemovrCiT. danarCenebi bankebSi da
sxva organizaciebSi muSaoben. universitetis damTavrebis Semdeg Cems cxovrebaSic ramdenjerme iyo iseTi etapi,
rodesac vifiqre, mecnierebisTvis Tavi
damenebebina, da raime ufro martivi an
`gasarTobi~, Tundac, ufro maRalanazRaurebadi saqmisaTvis momekida xeli.
erTi eg aris, rom Zalian ar miyvars imis
gadayra, razec dro damikargavs, mifiqria, miwvalia da Cemi cxovrebis raRac
seriozuli nawili damiTmia. ase var
dRemde aq.
ana arganaSvilis profesiis Sesaxeb,
darwmunebuli var, CvenSi Zalian cotam
Tu icis. ana ganaTlebiT fsiqologi da
okupaciuri Terapevtia. metic, Tavis
istoria
ramdenime megobarTan erTad, pirveli
okupaciuri Terapevtia saqarTveloSi.
okupaciuri Terapia _ dasavleTSi farTod danergili da popularuli dargi,
fizikuri, socialuri an gonebrivi SezRudulobis mqone adamianebis garkveuli aqtivobebis saSualebiT reabilitaciis meTodia.
ana nikoze 10 wliT umcrosia da misma Tineijerobam im wlebSi Caiara, roca
TbilisSi arc Suqi iyo da arc gazi, skolebSi kidev _ gaTboba. amitomac, meSvide klasidan, skolaSi TiTqmis ar uvlia.
ijda Sin, kiTxulobda, mecadineobda, magram ufro metad, xatavda da Zerwavda.
mere, skolas rom amTavrebda, SemTxveviT naxa, rogor muSaobda fsiqologi da
fsiqologoba gadawyvita. universitetSic TiTqmis igive situacia daxvda, rac
skolaSi _ gayinuli auditoriebi, nihi-
lizmi... ana isev agrZelebda Zerwvas da
xatvas, isev ise siamovnebda ferebTan da
formebTan urTierToba. universitetSi ki, rogorc TiTqmis yvela im wlebSi,
leqciebs isic acdenda. am dros gaicno
niko da nikosTan Sexvedram mTeli misi
damokidebulebebi, cxovreba da momavalic Secvala. anas dauCivlia, ai, dResac
gavacdine leqciao. Tu ar gsiamovnebs,
aba, ras swavlob, da saerTodac, ras
cxovrobo, _ uTqvams nikos. anas maSin,
Turme, Zalian Sercxva da racionalurad
Sexeda yvelafers. leqciaze Tu midioda,
icoda, ratomac midioda. Tu acdenda,
mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, roca darwmunebuli iyo, leqcia arafers miscemda.
ana: iseT wlebSi gavizarde, ganwiruli viyavi, erTi warumatebeli adamiani
vyofiliyavi. irgvliv yvela ambobda, ai,
yvelaferi cudadaa, ai, araferi xdeba
sainteresoo. me ki, nikos sityvebis Semdeg vTqvi _ ara, erTxel vcxovrob da
minda bolomde davixarjo, savse cxovreba mqondes! aseT dros ori gza gaqvs _
an depresiaSi unda Cavarde da xeli Caiqnio, an Zalian gamZle xdebi, daZlevis
meqanizmebs aamuSaveb. dRemde damcinian,
omis mere puris natexebs rom inaxavdnen daSinebuli adamianebi, me qseroqsis furclebs vinaxav, sami uzarmazari
Taro savse maqvs qseroaslebiT. ucxoeTidan rom vbrundebodi xolme, 20 kilo
qseroqsis furceli momqonda, meSinoda,
rom raRac momentSi ar meqneboda saWiro literatura. axla ukve SemiZlia
yidva, magram SeCveuli var _ isev qseroaslebs viReb. fsiqologiis fakultetze swavlisas, germaniaSi momiwia wasvla.
miuxedavad imisa, rom aq, TbilisSi kargad vswavlobdi da Zalian maRali qulecxeli Sokoladi
91
istoria
bic mqonda, iq aRmovaCine, rom germanel
studentebsa da Cems Soris didi sxvaoba
iyo. Cven da isini erT enaze ar vsaubrobdiT. aman mZimed imoqmeda Cemze. me Tavs
ar vgrZnobdi profesiuli sazogadoebis
Rirebul wevrad, ar movida is profesiuli identoba, romelic studentebis
periodidan gansazRvravs profesiul
muxts mTeli Semdgomi muSaobisTvis.
mWirdeboda iseTi profesiuli ganaTleba, romelic kmayofilebis da bednierebis gancdas momcemda.
rac Seexeba okupaciur Terapias, aq marTlac, SemTxveviT movxvdi. vicodi, rom
holandielebs jgufi ahyavdaT da Zalian
kargad aswavlidnen. davagviane, rom gavige, jgufi ukve Sedgenili damxvda. mere
viRacam datova da misi adgili davikave.
am profesias Zalian saintereso istoria
aqvs saqarTveloSi. bavSvTa nevrologii92 cxeli Sokoladi
sa da neiroreabilitaciis centrSi ukve
didi xania muSaoben SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone bavSvebTan da swored
iq dainteresdnen, moiZies es profesia _
okupaciuri Terapia. `okupacia~ berZnuli sityvaa da saqmianobas niSnavs. okupaciuri Terapevtis daxmarebiT adamianma realizacia garkveuli saqmianobebis
saSualebiT unda SeZlos. Tu sworad,
adekvaturad Cabmuli xar garkveul saqmianobaSi, TviTSefasebac Tavis adgilzea,
mizanic gaqvs. zogadadac asea, SeiZleba
gqondes yvelaferi, magram Tu ar akeTeb
imas, rac ginda, gsiamovnebs da giyvars,
advili SesaZlebelia, Tavi ubedurad
igrZno. swored am centris iniciativiT
moiwvies holandielebi da ara mxolod
holandielebi _ Cveni pedagogebi evropis sxvadasxva qveynebidan iyvnen. Zalian
sasiamovno gancda iyo, roca wavediT ho-
landiaSi da aRmoCnda, rom ar ganvsxvavdebodiT holandieli studentebisgan.
maSin ukve aRar mifiqria, rom mesame msoflios qveynidan viyavi. saerTaSoriso
standartebTan es araTanabari mdgomareoba yovelTvis maRizianebs xolme. Tu mivdivar saerTaSoriso konfereciaze, minda viyo Tanabari maTTan, ar minda, rom
raRac garemoebebis gamo moTxovnebi damiwion, cudad vxvdebi am dros. maxsovs,
ukve ori diplomi mqonda daculi fsiqologiaSi da pirveli bakalavris diplomi
davwere okupaciur TerapiaSi. Cemma xelmZRvanelma saerTaSoriso konferenciaze
mimiwvia CexeTSi. sasiamovnod gaocebuli
davrCi _ profesiuli sazogadoebisTvis
Cemi sadiplomo namuSevari saintereso
aRmoCnda. dRes dasavleTSi studentze
orientirebuli swavlebaa danergili.
studentia investiciis wyaro. warmoud-
cxeli Sokoladi
93
istoria
genelia, iq leqtorma swavlebis xarisxi
sakuTari perspeqtiviT gazomos, Sedegebi
studentebis mier aTvisebuli kompetenciebiT ganisazRvreba, studentis mier
leqciiT miRebuli dadebiTi, mamotivirebeli inspiraciiT _ ase gvaswavlidnen
Cvenc. praqtika holandiaSi gaviare, amsterdamis universitetis saavadmyofoSi
da sxvadasxva dRis centrebSi SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis mqone adamianebTan
vmuSaobdi. iq mivxvdi, rom Cemi codna ar
iyo abstraqtuli da bevri ram SemeZlo.
es, albaT, araferia profesionalisTvis,
magram imisTvis, vinc unda Sedges profesionalad, Zalian kargi gamocdilebaa.
amis Semdegac ucxoeTis ramdenime klinikaSi movxvdi vizitorad. moxda ise, rom
saqarTveloSi imdenad warmatebulebad
Catarda okupaciuri Terapiis swavlebis
proeqti, rom Cveni gamocdileba somxeTSi
gaiziares, da garkveuli xnis ganmavlobaSi, somex da qarTvel studentebs erToblivad vaswavlidiT. bevrgan swored axla
inergeba es profesia da Cveni gamocdilebis gavrceleba sxvadasxva qveynebSi xdeba. Semdeg magistraturaSi vswavlobdi
evropis oTx universitetSi _ britaneTis,
SvedeTis, daniisa da holandiis universitetebSi. SvedeTSi es is universitetia,
romelic nobelis premiebze kandidatebs
waradgens xolme. aqac isev ar damWirvebia
imis aRniSvna, rom ai, CvenTan omebi iyo,
srolebi iyo, Suqi ar iyo, da raime ver
viswavle. samagistrod iseTi Tema aviRe
dasamuSaveblad, romelzec evropaSi sul
ramdenime adamians Tu umuSavia. Cemma
xelmZRvanelma pirdapir miTxra, xelmZRvanlobas ver gagiwev, magram, modi, erTad
viswavloTo. imdenad saWiro sakiTxi iyo
sakvlevad, rom uarsac ver meubnebodnen.
SeiZleboda, yvelaze meti Secdoma dameSva; Tundac imitom, rom iqac ki, evropaSi,
sruliad axali ram iyo. Temas ase erqva:
`Tvisobrivi kvlevebis metasinTezi _ rogor ganixilaven socialur monawileobas
SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone adamianebi, arsebuli Tvisobrivi kvlevebis sinTezi~... aqamde mTeli msoflio sistema,
SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis adamianebTan
mimarTebaSi imas efuZneboda, Cven rogor
vfiqrobdiT maTze. ai, Cven `normalurebi~, da isini, Turme, `invalidebi~. dRes es
paradigma icvleba da mniSvnelovani xdeba, isini rogor fiqroben sakuTar Tavze
da ra undaT. undaT aseTi sistema, aseTi
dazRveva? rogor undaT rom vuwodoT?
Cveni da imaTi gayofa, erTi, rom Zalian
didi absurdia, meore _ Cven, romlebic
94 cxeli Sokoladi
saqarTvloSi dRes sul
amboben, rom CvenTvis
prioritetulia
turizmi, mec,
bunebrivia, araferi
maqvs turizmis
sawinaaRmdego, magram
imas, rom qveyana unda
iyos mowodebuli
maRalinteleqtualuri
produqciis Seqmnaze,
aravin ambobs.
arada, swored esaa
mTavari, esaa zogadi
Rirebuleba da ara
erTi konkretuli
statia an, Tundac, erTi
konkretuli mecnieris
warmateba.
ara varT isini, araadekvaturebi varT am
msjelobaSi. vcdilobdi meTodologiuri
inovacia Semometana, da meore mxriv, masala damedo _ maTi refleqsiebi. mesame
_ yvelaze didi intriga iyo, vakeTebdi
ukve arsebuli evropuli kvlevebis analizs, da aRmoCnda, rom Zalian bevri kvleva ar efuZneboda am axal paradigmas.
dacva sakmaod mwvave iyo. SeeZloT kidec,
davebloke, magram SesaZleblobebis maqsimumi gavakeTe, mocemuli garemoeba da am
profesiis ganviTarebis done ar iZleoda
metis saSualebas. axla Cem Secdomebze
viRac ufro mets gaakeTebs. warmoidgine,
gancda, roca megona, rom cud dros davibade da verafers SevZlebdi da mere es
kontrastuli gancda, roca marto videqi
oTxi universitetis profesorebis winaSe
da kbilebiT vicavdi Cems namuSevars!
axla me TviTon myavs studentebi da es
saqme, swavleba Zalian momwons. didi gamocdileba iyo somex studentebTan muSaoba, studentebs vTxovdiT, rom qulebi
daeweraT CvenTvis, qarTvelebi nebismier
leqtors ulaparakod uwerdnen maRal
qulebs, somxebi Zalian kritikulad gvidgebodnen, dabal qulebs gviwerdnen. aq
ganmsazRvreli, albaT, isev kulturaa _
qarTvelsac SeiZleboda ar moswoneboda
raRac, magram ara, ver gvimetebdnen dabali qulebisTvis, verc Cven, verc ucxoelebs. somxebs ufro racionaluri damokidebuleba hqondaT. ucnauria, roca
kritika Cvens sazogadoebaSi erTmniSvne-
istoria
lovnad negatiuri kuTxiT da arasasurvelad aRiqmeba. konstruqciuli kritikis
tendencia Znelad Semodis. dRes, Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi sakmaod
bevri dro mimdis ara uSualod masalaze, aramed swored imaze, rom studentebs
swavlis survili da imedebi gauCndeT. me
rom studenti viyavi da nihilizmi mqonda,
iseve arian esenic. guSin pirvelad mTxoves damatebiTi literatura da ubednieresi var, Cemi xeliT gadavuRe 100 gverdi
qseroasli. vcdilob, warmatebuli magaliTi mivce da motivacia avumaRlo. Cemi
leqciis Semdeg dadebiTad damuxtulebi
wavidnen da pirovnul-profesiul zrdaSi
iyvnen. mgoni, gamomdis. ucxouri, uaxlesi literaturiT vaswavliT, axali sta-
tiebi gamowerili gvaqvs, wina Tves rom
ibeWdeba, mec iseve viReb, rogorc yvela
Cemi kolega. es literatura maTTvisac
xelmisawvdomia. ho, Cemi enTuziazmi `infeqciasaviT~ gadamdebia.
anas survili Tanabar pirobebSi yofiliyo ucxoelebTan, albaT, odesRac nikosac hqonda, _ niko moridebulia, sakuTar warmatebebze saubari uWirs, _ magram
mis CV-is rom Cavxede, maSinve gavifiqre,
albaT, es survili karga xnis win aqvs
dakmayofilebuli-meTqi. niko inasariZe
saqarTvelos maTetikosTa erovnuli komitetis vice-prezidentia, a.razmaZis maTematikis institutis samecniero sabWos
wevri, oTxi saerTaSoriso maTematikuri
konferenciis Tanaorganizatori da sami
saerTaSoriso maTematikuri Jurnalis
redaqtori _ „Journal of Homotopy and Related Structures“ gamoicema eleqtronuli
formatiT a.razmaZis maTematikis institutis mier, „Tbilisi Mathematical Journal“
(gamoicema erToblivad mecnierebisa da
teqnologiis erovnuli centris (NCST, saqarTvelo) da amsterdamis universitetis
gamomcemlobis (Amsterdam University Press)
mier da „International Journal of Mathematics
and Analysis“ (gamoicema gamomcemloba Serials Publications-is mier; statiebs aqveynebs
ucxour Zalian prestiJul, egreTwodebul indeqsirebul (impact factor-ian) JurnalebSi.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 153
cxeli Sokoladi
95
Zalaufl
87% saqarTvelosi zviadisti iyo, iseve, rogorc mere gaxda
SevrdnaZisti da miSisti. paradigmebi didad ar Secvlila,
Tundac imitom, rom saqarTveloSi ar momxdara
Zalauflebis kritika. amis sapirispirod CvenTan
ZalauflebisaTvis ibrZodnen. aq dResac aris rwmena imisa,
rom erTi Zalaufleba SeiZleba meoreTi Secvalo, cudi _
kargiT. aq erTi saxis monoba icvleboda meore saxis monobiT.
gzad Tavisuflebisaken
interviu giorgi maisuraZesTan
avtori: nino beqiSvili
ilustracia: levan mindiaSvili
giorgi maisuraZe ukve aTi welia berlinSi cxovrobs. berlinis literaturisa da kulturis kvleviT centrSi muSaobs da leqciebs humboldtis
universitetSi kiTxulobs. Tavs ukve
berlinelad Tvlis, TbilisSi iSviaTad
Camodis, magram mainc qarTul nacionalizms, Tanamedrove qarTul politikur diskurss da qarTul kulturas
ikvlevs. ise, Cvengan, giorgi maisuraZe,
mgoni, mainc gansxvavdeba. ara marto
imiT, rom saintereso moazrovnea da
originaluri da cocxali Teoriebi
aqvs, aramed, upirvelesad, saqarTvelos istoriasTan, dRevandel qarTul
realobasTan damokidebulebiT. man
moaxerxa da gadalaxa bevri kliSe da
stereotipi, rasac Cven, jerjerobiT
Soridan vuvliT, veparebiT da sabolood, ver vumklavdebiT.
giorgim amas winaT TbilisSi ori moxseneba waikiTxa, `kavkasiur saxlSi~
da biolis centrSi. moxsenebebis Tema
qarTuli nacionalizmis Camoyalibebis
dinamika gaxldaT XIX saukunidan dRemde. isaubra sekularizaciis mniSvnelobazec. am Temebze CvenSi, samwuxarod,
iSviaTad saubroben. orive diskusia Zalian cocxali da saintereso gamovida.
giorgi swored `kavkasiur saxlSi~ gavicani, magram or dReSi berlinSi dabrunda, ise, rom intervius Cawera ver movaswariT. magram internetma da skaipma
`gvixsna~, visxediT Cven-Cven kompiuterebTan, is _ berlinSi, me _ TbilisSi da
vsaubrobdiT.
96 cxeli Sokoladi
_ bavSvobaSi sul zRaprebs vkiTxulobdi, pirvelive klasidan daviwye mezRapreoba da mezRapris saxelic gamivarda
_ gakveTili Tu ar vicodi, maswavleblebi zRaprebs mayolebdnen. Tavidan
imaTac moswondaT, magram mere, roca am
zRaprebis inscenirebebi daviwye, amas
TamaSis forma hqonda, maswavleblebs
aRar moewonaT, ambobdnen, cud zegavlenas axdens, bavSvebs agiJebso. imaves
vakeTebdi ezoSic da sakmaod didxans
davrCi zRaprebis samyaroSi... mTeli bavSvoba sul raRac rolebSi viyavi, rasac vkiTxulobdi, imas warmovidgendi
xolme realobad... xan Calmas vixuravdi
Tavze, xan romaeli viyavi da ase gamowyobili gamovdiodi ezoSi saTamaSod.
albaT, cota giJis STabeWdilebasac
vaxdendi. Semdeg, gardatexis asakSi, mivxvdi, rom sxvebi ase ar iqceodnen. 12
Tu 13 wlisam gamsaxurdias `daviT aRmaSenebeli~ wavikiTxe da iseTi saSineli
nacionalisti gavxdi, rom mSoblebi SeSfoTdnen kidec. magram maleve momiswro
hiugom da safrangeTis revoluciam
da mere, TviTon Semrcxva Cemi nacionalisturi warsulisa. axla rom vixseneb, skolis periodi mainc Zalian mZime
da damTrgunveli iyo _ pioneruli da
komkavSiruli organizaciebi, propaganda, mudmivi kontroli, morali. ise,
dRevandel saqarTveloSi ukve sxva instanciebi iwvevs imave asociaciebs. kargi
moswavle ar vyofilvar, bevrs vkiTxulobdi da radganac ganaTlebulad viTvlebodi, maswavleblebi angariSs miwe-
vdnen. istorikosebis ojaxSi gavizarde,
am literaturaze xeli mimiwvdeboda
da istoria kargad vicodi. ZiriTadad,
mainc istoriuli wignebi mainteresebda.
15 wlis asakSi daviwye Zveli berZnulis
swavla, Semdeg lursmuli damwerloba
aRmovaCine.
_ gansxvavdebodi Seni klaselebisgan?
_ tradiciulma Tbilisurma Zvelma biWobam gverdiT Camiara. arc konfliqtebi mqonia, Cemma ZvelbiWma klaselebma icodnen, rom maT sferoSi ar
viWrebodi da ar mexebodnen. arc davuCagrivar vinmes, raRac avtonomia mqonda da am avtonomias yvela cnobda. Tanatolebisgan isic ganmasxvavebda, rom
klasikuri musika miyvarda da warmodgena ar mqonda pop-musikaze. bunebrivia, mesmoda popic, melodiebi zepirad
vicodi, magram ver verkveodi, romeli
ra iyo, ar vicodi. SarSan TbilisSi
viyavi, da Cemma Tineijerma disSvilma
bi-jisis how deep is your love Camiwera da
amaze uceb amomitivtivda mTeli Cemi
bavSvoba. erTxel, maxsovs, klaselebma
gamaSayires _ vlaparakobdiT, 100 maneTi rom mogvca, ras vizamdiTo da me
vTqvi _ wignebs da firfitebs viyiddimeTqi. Zalian gaukvirdaT, mere Tveebis ganmavlobaSi mixsenebdnen, maTTvis
warmoudgeneli iyo.
_ rodis mixvdi, rom sabWoTa kavSiris
garda, sxva samyaroc arsebobda?
foto: levan xerxeuliZe
leba
istoria
_ 15 wlisa viyavi, roca gavicani liziko qavTaraZe, qarTveli disidenti,
vinc 28 weli patimrobaSi gaatara...
saintereso adamiani iyo da mec, male
moveqeci misi gavlenis qveS. miyveboda robaqiZeze, galaktionze, terenti
granelze... 24 wlisa daapatimres da
52 wlisa gaaTavisufles. miuxedavad
amisa, social-demokrati da marqsisti iyo, ambobda, bolSevikebs araferi
aqvT saerTo marqsis moZRvrebasTano.
maSin amis gageba miWirda. lizikosTan
urTierTobam bevri momca. manamdec,
mamaCems da mis megobrebs vusmendi,
magaliTad, roca isini ganixilavdnen films `wigni ficisa~ da Zalian
gabrazebulebi iyvnen, rom es filmi
gadaiRes. rogorc maxsovs, maSin yvelaze usiamo es represiuli ganwyoba iyo, romelic gacnobierebuli ar
mqonda, magram namdvilad vgrZnobdi
_ gauTavebeli akrZalvebi, dazverva,
moralis kiTxva, _ ZiriTadad skolidan modioda es yvelaferi. liziko
qavTaraZem kale salias gamocemuli
`bedi qarTlisa~ maTxova, romelic
Tavidan bolomde gadmovwere xeliT.
iq Semxvda grigol robaqiZis statiebi, maT Soris, cnobili ese qarTuli
cekvis Sesaxeb, romelic maSinve ar
momewona. mere mivxvdi, rom namdvilad faSisturi teqsti iyo. Tanac
robaqiZem qarTuli, marTlac, cudad
icoda. sxvaTa Soris, germanuli ara
aqvs iseTi gadapranWuli, rogoric
qarTuli, mainc naswavli enaa da frTcxeli Sokoladi
97
istoria
xilobs. Tumca, Sinaarsobrivad igivea.
Semdeg, germaniaSi vnaxe misi broSurebi hitlerze da musolinize _ marTla samarcxvino bodva. SemTxveviTi ar
yofila robaqiZis faSizmiT gataceba.
mTeli misi Semoqmedeba gaJRenTili
iyo im saazrovno struqturebiT, razedac faSizmi idga: fsevdonacionaluri
da Sovinisturi miTologiiT, da yvela
danarCenis mimarT zemodan yurebiT. maxsovs, `gvelis perangi~ rom wavikiTxe,
literaturul Sedevrs velodi da verafriT vxvdebodi, ra iyo iq mosawoni
_ yvelaferi naZaladevi da xelovnuri
meCvena. lizikoc ambobda xolme, faSizmi komunizmze uaresiao. marTlac,
is sibnele, romelic faSizms da, gansakuTrebiT, germanul faSizms hqonda,
aranair gamarTlebas an fardobiTobas
ar eqvemdebareba.
_ maSin fiqrobdi, rom istorikosi gaxdebodi?
_ Tavidan, marTlac, istorikosobas
vapirebdi, qarTveli eris eTnogenezisis Seswavla, Zveli istoria, preistoria, arqeologia da enaTmecniereba
mainteresebda, Zveli enebis Seswavla
mindoda. 17 wlisa ki sul sxva garemoSi aRmovCndi. gavicani filosofiis
fakultetis studentebi dima mamulia, giorgi margvelaSvili da irakli
kakabaZe, davinteresdi filosofiiT.
kafka da froidi Cems megobrebTan erTad qseroqsze gadaviReT da vkiTxulobdiT, maSin jer kidev ar iyo TbilisSi beWduri gamocemebi. es Zalian
mniSvnelovani aRmoCena iyo CvenTvis.
es is droa, roca erovnuli moZraoba
daiwyo, romelic Zalian gvizidavda
yvelas da, maT Soris, mec. 1988 wels
gavxdi studenti da 19-20 seqtembers
ukve daiwyo didi aqciebi. pirvelive
kursidan aRmovCndi am moZraobaSi da
universitetSi swavlis xuTi weli mec
da Cemma megobrebmac quCaSi gavatareT.
maSin yvelani nacionalistebi viyaviT.
Cvens `ganacionalistebaSi~ didi roli
akaki baqraZis leqciebma iTamaSa. kargad gvaxsovs misi brwyinvale ritorika, pirdapir Semohyavda da cnobierebaSi gvidebda nacionalizms. magram mere
moxda 9 aprili, ramac radikalurad
Semicvala azrovneba. 9 aprils, maxsovs, diliT rom gamovediT saxlidan,
gareT saSineli isteria, uZlurebis
gancda iyo da yvelaferi religiur sa98 cxeli Sokoladi
burvelSi exveoda. aman Zalian usiamo
gancda damitova. swored maSin mivxvdi,
verasdros viqnebodi morwmune. momeCvena, Zalian cudi ram iwyeboda. mere
iyo gauTavebeli mitingebi da isteriuli religiuri da nacionalisturi mowodebebi. mivxvdi, rom ver vgrZnobdi
iq Tavs kargad, es yvelaferi ar mindoda. maxsovs saxalxo frontis damfuZnebeli yriloba, sadac mamardaSvils
ustvines. maxsovs, saxarovis intervius
Semdeg, sadac man Tqva, saqarTvelo patara imperiaao, yvelgan saxarovs lanZRavdnen. mec ar momewona es fraza,
magram CemTvis saxarovi disidentobis
da demokratiuli azrovnebis simbolo
iyo, udides pativs vcemdi da mis winaaRmdeg agorebul kampanias ver vuWerdi mxars. rom gardaicvala, mgoni, saqarTveloSi erTaderTi nekrologi
Cven gamovaqveyneT. im dros aqtiurad
viyavi universitetis pres-klubSi da
gazeTis gamocemaSic vmonawileobdi.
_ rogor fiqrob, ra iyo maSindeli
erovnuli moZraobis liderebis mTavari Secdoma?
_ realurad ar hqondaT gacnobierebuli, risTvis ibrZodnen. disidentoba
dayvanili iyo nacionalizmsa da religiurobaze, ar ufiqriaT arc adamianis
uflebebze da arc demokratiul Rirebulebebze. liziko qavTaraZe, Tavis
moswavleebs, imdroindeli erovnuli
moZraobis liderebs, `bolSevizmoidebs~ eZaxda. rodesac gamsaxurdia xelisuflebaSi movida, saqarTvelo raRac
faSistoiduri reJimis qveS moeqca.
zviad gamsaxurdias opoziciac Zalian
ekleqturi iyo, isinic, erTeuli gamonaklisebis garda, gamsaxurdiasgan
didad ar gansxvavdebodnen. gavixseneb
naira gelaSvils _ antiSovinisturi
Tematika pirvelad man Semoitana; erovnul umciresobebzec pirvelad man
dawera. marTla bombis gavardnasaviT
iyo misi statia `pozicia~, romelic
`qarTul filmSi~ daibeWda, manamde _
`teqnokratia, ekologia, poezia~. es
statiebi Zalian damexmara imis gasacnobiereblad, rom erovnul moZraobas sworxazovani nacionalizmiTa da
religiurobiT, alternativa hqonda.
mamardaSvilis kiTxva gvian daviwye,
ukve gardacvlili iyo. Tumca, maSinve
vicodi, rom bedniereba iyo gvenaxa da
mogvesmina iseTi originaluri da co-
cxlad moazrovne filosofosisTvis,
rogorebic cotani arian msoflioSi
da XX saukunis erT-erTi aseTi filosofosi namdvilad iyo merab mamardaSvili; magram, meore mxriv, ra kvali
datova, rogor imoqmeda man qarTvel
sazogadoebaze? saSineleba iyo, roca
90-ian wlebSi iubile gadauxades _ xsovnis saRamo gamarTes operaSi da ecadnen, mamardaSvili ideologiur CarCoSi
CaesvaT, antizviadizmis mamamTavrad
moenaTlaT. mamardaSvilisTvis xom
zviadizmic da antizviadizmic sasacilo cnebebi iqneboda...
_ da mainc, monawileobdi erovnul moZraobaSi...
_ gamsaxurdias sawinaaRmdego moZraobaSi marTlac, aqtiurad vmonawileobdi. gasagebi iyo, rom gamsaxurdia
gaimarjvebda, magram gvindoda gveCvenebina, rom mTeli saqarTvelo ar yofila zviadisti. 87% saqarTvelosi zviadisti iyo, iseve, rogorc mere gaxda
SevrdnaZisti da miSisti. paradigmebi
didad ar Secvlila, Tundac imitom,
rom saqarTveloSi ar momxdara Zalauflebis kritika. amis sapirispirod
CvenTan ZalauflebisaTvis ibrZodnen.
aq dResac aris rwmena imisa, rom erTi
Zalaufleba SeiZleba meoreTi Secvalo, cudi _ kargiT. aq erTi saxis monoba icvleboda meore saxis monobiT.
`zviadizmi“ XX saukunis qarTuli kulturidan amoizarda da misi niadagi
qarTulma mwerlobam da qarTulma humanitarulma azrovnebam moamzada.
_ rogor fiqrob, ratom moxda ise, rom
perestroikis Semdeg, magaliTad, rusebma uzarmazari disidenturi literatura gamoaqveynes, Cven _ TiTqmis veraferi...
_ rusebma andergraundis, kontrkulturis Seqmna SeZles. rusulma kulturam, misma nawilma moaxerxa rogorc
Zalauflebis, aseve rusuli nacionalizmisa da Sovinizmis uaryofa. qarTuli kultura ki nacionalizmSi Caiketa,
Tu mTlianad ara, misi udidesi nawili, da nacionalisturi frTa imdenad
Zlieri aRmoCnda, rom yvela danarCeni mimdinareoba gadafara da Cawnexa.
ruseTSi sxva procesebi iyo. iq Zalian
Zlieri alternatiuli kultura gaCnda. marto venediqt erofeevi rad Rirs,
istoria
brodskize rom araferi vTqvaT. brodski gaaZeves, wavida, magram maT, vinc
darCnen, vladimir visockim, evgeni xaritonovma, ludmila petruSevskaiam da
bevrma sxvam sabWoTa periodSi Seqmnes
Zlieri kontrkultura.
qarTvelebs, zogadad, gviWirs ironiiT SevxedoT sakuTar Tavs. raRac
doziT iyo es doCanaSvilTan, magram
siwmindeebs ironiiT da iumoriT rom
Sexeboda qarTuli kultura, amis precedenti ar gvqonia. maxsendeba tariel
Wanturias da vaxtang javaxaZis ramdenime leqsi, meti arc araferi. maxsovs
is uaryofiTi damokidebulebac, rac
imave tariel Wanturias mimarT iyo,
romelmac qarTuli poeziis tradiciuli paTetikidan gadauxvia da ironia
Semoitana. oTar WilaZis romanebSic,
romlebic Tavis droze Zalian momwonda, uxvadaa qsenofobiuri stereotipebi. bevrad ufro emansipirebuli da Ri-
rebuli qarTuli kino aRmoCnda, risi
mizezic, erTmniSvnelovnad, vgik-is
kosmopolituri garemo iyo, romelSic
mTeli 60-ianelTa Taobis qarTveli reJisorebi aRizardnen.
_ moqalaqeTa kavSirSi rogor aRmoCndi?
_ namdvili absurdi datrialda. arasdros micdia, Tavi politikosad an politikaSi warmomedgina. sul sxva interesebi mqonda. daviwye literaturuli
eqsperimentebi, vawyobdiT literaturul salonebs. im dros davuaxlovdi
zurab kiknaZes, Cems yvelaze did maswavlebels. misi xelmZRvanelbiT vwerdi
samecniero statiebs. udidesi nawili
imisa, rac miswavlia, misgan maqvs naswavli. maswavleblis arqetipi CemTvis
zurab kiknaZea _ maswavlebeli, romelic ar gagrZnobinebs, rom moswavle
xar, megobrad giRebs. 18 wlis viyavi,
rodesac gavicani. literatura da samecniero moRvaweoba _ realurad es
ori ram mainteresebda. istoriasac
nawilobriv davSordi. mTeli aqcenti
miTologiis, religiis, filosofiisken
gadavitane. da maxsovs scena _ visxediT saxlSi zurab kiknaZesTan da televizors vuyurebdiT. televizorSi
gamoacxades, rom droebiTma mTavrobam Seqmna saxelmwifo sabWo, romelsac
parlamentis funqcia unda Seesrulebina. waikiTxes am sabWos wevrebis sia, da
am siaSi viyavi mec _ 21 wlis biWi… am
dros Camovida SevardnaZe saqarTveloSi da saxelmwifo sabWos Tavmjdomared
airCies. oTxi Tve davdiodi da veswrebodi am sabWos sxdomebs, mere wavedi
zaarbrukenSi saswavleblad. weliwadnaxevaris Semdeg davwere sadiplomo
naSromi da saqarTveloSi davbrundi.
swored maSin gamiCnda survili, memuSava kulturologiaSi, romelic saqarTveloSi maSin arc arsebobda. imedi mqonda, daiwyeboda universitetis
reforma. saSineli dro idga, sruli
qaosi, ar iyo Suqi, gazi, gaTboba, quCaSi srolebi, daeca soxumi, gamsaxurdias momxreebi Tbilisisken daiZrnen.
muSaoba filosofiis institutSi daviwye da am dros, zurab Jvaniam miTxra,
rom iqmneboda moqalaqeTa kavSiri da
mec SemomTavaza TanamSromloba. zurab Jvanias jer kidev studentobidan
vicnobdi, vmegobrobdiT. davTanxmdi
da ase aRmovCndi moqalaqeTa kavSiris
Tavmjdomaris moadgiled, Tavmjdomare SevardnaZe iyo. yvelaferi TiTqos
sizmarSi xdeboda, aRmovCndi im garemoSi, sadac arasdros vyofilvar da
yofnasac ver warmovidgendi. yovelTvis quCaSi, gareT, opoziciaSi viyavi
da uceb _ xelisuflebaSi aRmovCndi.
1994 wlis martSi vaSingtonSi viyaviT. pentagonSi samxedro aRlumi iyo
SevardnaZis sapativcemulod da Camwkrivebulebi videqiT Cvenc. uceb ise
cudad gavxdi, gamacia mTel sxeulSi,
dResac ver amixsnia _ ucnauri fsiqosomaturi movlena mqonda, viclebodi
siTxisgan. ori dRis ganmavlobaSi aTi
kilo davikeli. msoflio xelisuflebis centrSi yofnam cudad gamxada, Rebineba damawyebina. arada, mowamluli
`Tavisuflebis instituti~ SevardnaZis
dros revoluciuri organizacia iyo da,
xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg maT hqondaT
Sansi, raRac SeecvalaT. magram `Tavisuflebis
aborti
institutma~ dakarga es revoluciuroba da
amiT daikarga samoqalaqo sazogadoebis
Camoyalibebis is yvelaze Zlieri Canasaxic,
romelic CvenSi arsebobda. es iyo uzarmazari
dartyma samoqalaqo sazogadoebisaTvis. es iyo
am Canasaxis erTgvari aborti.
cxeli Sokoladi
99
istoria
ar vyofilvar. mivxvdi, rom iq ar iyo
Cemi adgili. CavediT Tu ara niu-iorkSi, gadamiara. niu-iorkis sastumroSi
miviRe gadawyvetileba _ nel-nela unda
wamovsuliyavi da amaze muSaoba iseTi
destruqciuli formiT daviwye, rom
ukan dasaxevi gza ar damrCenoda. mgoni,
cotaTi giJis STabeWdilebasac vaxdendi. maleve ori gancxadeba davwere, Tavmjdomaris moadgilis Tanamdebobidan
gaTavisufleba da moqkavSiris siidan
amoSla moviTxove. namdvilad vicodi,
Cemi adgili iq ar iyo, ar mindoda iq
yofna. amis Semdeg erTi weli saxlSi
Cavikete. ramdenime uaxloesi megobris
garda aravisTan mqonia urTierToba.
bevrs vkiTxulobdi da vwerdi, da kaTarzisis momenti mqonda, vgrZnobdi,
rom nel-nela vTavisufldebodi. risgan vTavisufldebodi, gacnobierebuli kargad ar mqonia. am erTma welma
miSvela. es pirveli mZime depresia iyo
CemTvis. mTeli Cemi cxovrebis gacnobiereba da gadafaseba moxda _ studentobis, erovnuli moZraobis, im Svidi
Tvis.
_ SevardnaZis mmarTveloba riTi iyo
mniSvnelovani?
_ maSin, roca SevardnaZe Camovida,
mxedrionis, gvardiisa da zviadistebis fonze yvelaze progresuli politikosi iyo. dResac mgonia, rom im
qaosis damarcxeba swored SevardnaZis
meTodebiT SeiZleboda. vfiqrob, SevardnaZis transformacia daiwyo 1995
wels, roca man saprezidento arCevnebi
moigo da mmarTveloba sveticxovelSi
inauguraciiT daiwyo. es iyo paradigmis Secvla. es iyo Suasaukuneebisken
gadadgmuli nabiji modernizebuli,
sekularuli formiT da perestroikamdeli sabWouri gemovnebiT. da garkveuli TvalsazrisT, es iyo imasTan
dabruneba, rasac gamsaxurdia da zviadizmi ganasaxierebda.
_ germaniaSi wasvla ratom gadawyvite?
_ am dros ukve bevrs vwerdi, statiebs vaqveynebdi, vkiTxulobdi leqciebs.
manamde gamoqveynda `qarTlis dedaze~
statia, bolos patara wigni „sqesebi
da civilizacia“. maSin fsiqoanalizis
sakmaod Zlier zegavlenas ganvicdidi, romelic sakuTari Tavis gagebaSic
unda damxmareboda. berlinSi stipendia miviRe da erTi wliT wavedi. stipendia rom damimTavrda, gadavwyvite,
davrCeniliyavi. aq ase Camosuli ucxoeli martivad ver iSovis sasurvel samuSaos. ar vicodi, ra unda mekeTebina.
Tavi rom merCina, fizikurad unda memuSava. rTuli iyo amis miReba, me xom
fizikuri Sromis aranairi gamocdileba ar mqonia. brZola miwevda sakuTar
TavTan, sakuTar snobizmTanac, da zogadad, im socialur snobizmTan, romelic qarTvelebs dResac gvaqvs. amas
Tan axlda erTgvari tkbobac, ramdenad
SeiZleba daupirispirde sakuTar warsuls da sakuTar biografias. socia-
luri cnobiereba realurad am samuSao
gamocdilebis Semdeg gamiCnda. maxsovs,
1998 wels 6 maiss 30 weli Sesrulda 68
wlis amboxebidan. TbilisSi movawyveT
aqcia, gvindoda gveTqva, rom arsebobs
garkveuli politikuri alternativa,
rom CvenTvis Rirebulia is idealebi,
romlebic 68 wlis moZraobas da memarcxeneebs hqondaT. realurad raze
iyo saubari, berlinSi vigrZeni, roca
Tavad viyavi mSromeli klasis warmomadgeneli. 5 weli „radio Tavisuflebis“ korespondentad vmuSaobdi, magram
am fuliT Tavs ver virCendi, amitom
miwevda sxvadasxva samuSaos Sesruleba. berlinis erT-erT literaturul
klubSi, barSi daviwye barmenad muSaoba. es Zalian mniSvnelovani etapi iyo.
jer erTi, gavicani Zalian bevri saintereso adamiani. meorec, fizikuri Sromis gamocdileba miviRe. Zalian bevri
socialuri sistema ar Seiqmneba Tu ar
gaviTvaliswinebT memarcxene politikuri
diskursis farTo speqtrs, romelic, pirvel
rigSi swored emansipacias, garkveuli
sistema
stereotipebisgan ganTavisuflebas efuZneba.
qarTuli sazogadoeba gamomwyvdeulia
totalitarul stereotipebSi, romlebic
Tavisuflebisa da individualizmis nebismieri
gamovlinebis winaaRmdegaa mimarTuli.
100 cxeli Sokoladi
istoria
magaliTi mamxnevebda. jer kidev TbilisSi vicodi, rom vitgenStains, ukve
msoflioSi cnobili filosofosi roca
iyo, undoda gamxdariyo muSa. esec Cemi
inteleqtualuri snobizmi iyo, _ vixsenebdi, rogor muSaobda T.s. elioti
fostis kurierad. maxsendeboda Tanamedroveobis erT-erTi mniSvnelovani
dramaturgi sara keini, romlis arsebobac berlinSi gavige. axali aRmoCenili myavda es avtori, rodesac Tavi
moikla. wavikiTxe misi interviu, sadac
ambobda, rom muSaobda oficiantad,
miuxedavad imisa, rom misi piesebi idgmeboda, magram es fuli ar hyofnida.
miuxedavad Cemi memarcxene ganwyobisa,
es yvelaferi CemTvis ioli ar yofila.
am dros kidev erTi mniSvnelovani
ram gavacnobiere: ar arsebobs TavisTavad prestiJuli da araprestiJuli
samuSaoebi, _ aseTi kriteriumebi socialuri snobizmis produqtia. saubari SeiZleba samuSaos komfortulobasa
da arakomfortulobaze iyos. yoveli
Cvengani yidis imas, rac SeuZlia, iqneba
es fizikuri Zala, inteleqti Tu sakuTari sxeuli. gaWirvebis wlebi CemTvis
SemoqmedebiTad sakmaod nayofieri iyo.
im periodSi samma avtorma momca Zala.
antonin artom, nicSem da mamardaSvilma. mamardaSvilis samyaroSi pirvelad
swored berlinSi, martoobisa da usaxsrobis pirobebSi Sevedi. es nayofieri dro iyo, Zalian bevri dro mqonda
fiqrisa da Rirebulebebis gadafasebisaTvis. iZulebulic viyavi mefiqra da
meazrovna, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi gavnadgurdebodi _ fsiqikuradac da moraluradac. merab mamardaSvils rom aqvs,
roca vardebi raRac mdgomareobaSi da
iZulebuli xar, sulieri ZalisxmeviT
imoqmedo, daaxloebiT amgvari ram gamovcade maSin, sakuTar sxeulze viwvnie ra aris socialuri samarTlianoba Tu socialuri usamarTloba. Zneli
iyo, magram amis gareSe bevr rames ver
gavigebdi da salonuri tipis memarcxene moazrovned davrCebodi.
_ memarcxeneobiT germaniaSi dainteresdi?
_ ara, jer kidev TbilisSi, 1968 wlis
amboxebis Sesaxeb bevrs vkiTxulobdi.
amas mohyva marqsis kiTxva. davfiqrdi
im stereotipebze, romlebzec adre,
Tundac imitom, rom ssrk-Si dabadebuli da gazrdili viyavi, ar mifiqria.
ar iyo ioli memarcxeneobasTan da memarcxene diskursis yvelaze did warmomadgenelTan, karl marqsTan dakavSirebuli stereotipebis gadalaxva.
vkiTxulobdi frang poststruqturalistebs, mainteresebda pazolini da
viskonti. marto is faqti rad Rirs,
rom isini yvelani garkveuli droiT
kompartiis wevrebi iyvnen da erTmniSvnelovani iyo maTi memarcxene pozicia.
bunebrivia, iyo mibaZvis momentic. da
mainc, es yvelaferi TbilisSi Zalian
salonur-inteleqtualur doneze rCeboda. yvelaferi sakuTar Tavze swored berlinSi gamovcade. ucxoeli
xar, ucxo qveyanaSi, socialurad daucveli, ewevi fizikur Sromas, Tundac
imave germaniaSi, romelic socialurad erT-erTi yvelaze daculi saxelmwifoa, da socialuri dacvis uamravi
meqanizmi muSaobs, da mainc xedav, ramxela diskrimanaciaa. maSin mivxvdi,
ramdenad mniSvnelovania, ifiqro da
ibrZolo socialuri samarTlianobisaTvis. pirveli didi memarcxene saxelmwifoebi, romlebic XX saukuneSi
gaCnda, vgulisxmob 20-iani wlebis damdegis vaimaris respublikas da sabWoTa
ruseTs, stalinizmis gaCenamde, gamorCeuli iyo emansipatoruli politikiT.
sabWoTa kavSiris mimarT Zalian rTuli
damokidebuleba gvaqvs, magram Tu kargad CaveZiebiT 20-iani wlebis sabWoTa
ruseTis procesebs, davinaxavT, ramxela wingadadgmuli nabijebi iyo, Tundac, qalTa emansipaciis TvalsazrisiT.
erT-erTi umniSvnelovanesi figura,
romelic dRemde sakulto figuradac
ki aRiqmeba dasavleTSi, aleqsandra
kolontai, swored sabWoTa ruseTSi
moRvaweobda. germaniaSi es damTavrda
30-ian wlebSi hitleris diqtaturis
damyarebiT da sabWoTa kavSirSi _ 20iani wlebis bolos, stalinis diqtaturiT. aRsaniSnavia isic, rom 20-iani
wlebis saqarTveloc erT-erTi pirveli social-demokratiuli qveyana iyo
msoflioSi da vfiqrob, rom saamayoc
kia saqarTvelos istoriaSi aseTi intermecos arseboba. is braldebebi,
rom maT ver daicves qveyana bolSevikebis agresiisgan, absurdulia. maSin
meTerTmete armias veravin aRudgeboda
win. samwuxarod, aqedan gamocdileba
ar gamogvitania. imdenad fragmentuli
da moklevadiani iyo, rom Camoyalibeba
ver moaswro, magram social-demokratiuli mTavrobis politika maSindel
msoflio standartebis doneze iyo da
rom dasclodaT, SeiZleba, saqarTvelos respublika unikalur saxelmwifod Camoyalibebuliyo, emansipaciaze
da socialur samarTlianobaze damyarebuli qveyana yofiliyo.
_ ratom ar aris saqarTveloSi dRes
popularuli memarcxene ideebi?
_ ori mizezis gamo. erTi imitom, rom
sabWoTa sistemam mTel msoflioSi,
da gansakuTrebiT, potsabWoTa qveynebSi moaxdina memarcxeneobis sruli
diskreditacia. rodesac iwyeba memarcxeneobaze saubari, igivdeba sabWoTa
sistemasTan, rac Secdomaa, imitom, rom
marqsizmTan da memarcxeneobasTan saerTo stalinis sabWoTa kavSirs araferi hqonda. meore mxriv, saqarTveloSi
Zalian sustia socialuri cnobiereba.
CvenSi bolo 20 welia gamosvlebi erTi
da imave lozungebiTaa da erTi da imave
formebiT, TiTqos, mTeli am xnis ganmavlobaSi, aranairi gamocdileba ar miviReT. isev im problemebze vsaubrobT,
romelic saqarTvelos umZimes socialur mdgomareobaSi myof mosaxleobas
aranairad ar exeba. xalxis socialuri
mdgomareobisaTvis namdvilad ara aqvs
mniSvneloba, ramdeni eklesia aSendeba
da monarqia iqneba Tu ara. mosaxleobis
udidesi nawili socialurad daucvelia da amis Tematizacia rom moxdes,
socialuri cnobierebis ganviTareba
da garkveuli solidarobis grZnobaa
saWiro, risi uzarmazari deficiticaa
saqarTveloSi. warmovidginoT, rom viRacas Cagraven, amas Cven vuyurebT da
ar vRelavT. amas winaT `wiTel zonaSi~
aCvenes fragmenti `rusTavi 2~-is romeliRac realiTi-Soudan, sadac patara biWs pirdapir eTerSi Seuracxyofa
miayenes, Soudan gaaZeves, aatires, mxolod imis gamo, rom man ganacxada, rom
homoseqsualia. am fragmentis yurebisas sabWoTa kavSiri gamaxsenda. es iyo
adamianis sajaro diskriminacia, misi
Rirsebis fexqveS gaTelva, Tavisi arsiT namdvili stalinizmi. arafers vakeTebT, rodesac vxedavT usamarTlobas.
gaWirvebis wlebSi viRaca viRacas exmareboda da amiT gadarCa xalxi SimSilobas, magram solidarobis grZnoba amis
iqiT aRar wasula. araa msjeloba imaze,
rom Seiqmnas garkveuli sistema. socialuri sistema ar Seiqmneba Tu ar gaviTvaliswinebT memarcxene politikuri
cxeli Sokoladi
101
87% saqarTvelosi
zviadisti iyo,
iseve, rogorc
mere gaxda
SevrdnaZisti
da miSisti.
paradigmebi didad
ar Secvlila,
Tundac imitom,
rom saqarTveloSi
ar momxdara
Zalauflebis
kritika. amis
sapirispirod
CvenTan
ZalauflebisaTvis
ibrZodnen. aq
dResac aris
rwmena imisa, rom
erTi Zalaufleba
SeiZleba meoreTi
Secvalo, cudi _
kargiT. aq erTi
saxis monoba
icvleboda meore
saxis monobiT.
102 cxeli Sokoladi
diskursis farTo speqtrs, romelic,
pirvel rigSi swored emansipacias, garkveuli stereotipebisgan ganTavisuflebas efuZneba. qarTuli sazogadoeba
gamomwyvdeulia totalitarul stereotipebSi, romlebic Tavisuflebisa da
individualizmis nebismieri gamovlinebis winaaRmdegaa mimarTuli. yvelaze
did agresias gansxvavebuli azris an
cxovrebis stilis, individualuri saxis qona iwvevs. aseTi urTierTobebis
msxverpli Tanabrad arian qalebic da
mamakacebic, romlebic romeliRac absurduli tradiciis mier gamogonil da
maTze Tavsmoxveul rolebs asruleben.
agresiuli da avtoritari mamakaci iseTive sacodaobaa, iseTive araTavisufali da arasrulfasovania, rogorc samzareuloSi gamomwyvdeuli qali. sanam
Cveni cnobierebidan terminebi `bozi~
da `pidarasti~ ar gaqreba, jansaR da
civilizebul sazogadoebaze ocnebac
ki zedmetia. darwmunebuli var, axalgazrdobaSi aris garkveuli daukmayofilebloba imiT, rasac dRevandeli
politikuri speqtri gvTavazobs.
_ vici, rom 6 wlis ganmavlobaSi ar Camosulxar saqarTveloSi. ratom?
_ ar mindoda Camosvla. germaniaSi
yofnisas, simartovis da gaWirvebis
periodSi, gancda mqonda, rom dabinZurebuli viyavi, SeiZleba, Zalian mgrZnobiare damokidebuleba mqonda da
vazviadebdi kidec, magram iyo raRac
travmebi, romelebic unda gadamemuSavebina, gadamexarSa, rom ukan Camosvla
SemZleboda. sakuTari Tavis korumpirebulobis gancda mqonda. ver vTavisufldebodi urTierTobis im formebidan, romelic saqarTveloSi miRebulia
da romlis Tanamonawilec mec viyavi.
roca ver bedav bolomde Ria iyo, bolomde Tqva simarTle. aq yvelaferi
daiyvaneba iqamde, ras ityvis viRac.
rac ityvis nacnobi, megobari, naTesavi. problema CemSi iyo, me ramdenad
viyavi gaTavisuflebuli Sinagani korufciisagan. swored am tipis struqtura mxdida korumpirebuls. raRacas
ambob, ambob kritikul azrs, magram is
iyo mainc naxevari simarTleebi, ver
vbedavdi bolomde simarTlis Tqmas,
angariSs vuwevdi qarTul sazogadoebaSi
damkvidrebul
stereotipebs.
2005 wels rom Camovedi, garegnulad
sakmaod Secvlili damxvda bevri ram,
maSin daviwye fiqri imaze, ramdenadaa
realurad Secvlili yvelaferi. da am
garegnuli fasadis ukan, uwyveti jaWvi
davinaxe im procesisa, romelic daiwyo
Cemi studentobis dros, es jaWvi arc
gawyvetila da arc damTavrebula. realurad paradigmis Secvla gamsaxurdias, SevardnaZesa da saakaSvils Soris
ar momxdara. Tumca, mcdeloba iyo.
`Tavisuflebis instituti~ SevardnaZis dros revoluciuri organizacia
iyo da, xelisuflebaSi mosvlis Semdeg
maT hqondaT Sansi, raRac SeecvalaT.
magram `Tavisuflebis institutma~
istoria
dakarga es revoluciuroba da amiT
daikarga samoqalaqo sazogadoebis Camoyalibebis is yvelaze Zlieri Canasaxic, romelic CvenSi arsebobda. es iyo
uzarmazari dartyma samoqalaqo sazogadoebisaTvis. es iyo am Canasaxis erTgvari aborti.
_ frangi poststruqturalistebi axsene...
_ 90-ian wlebSi daviwye frangi poststruqturalistebis teqstebis kiTxva,
barTis, fukosi da deliozis. fukosTan
mTavari Temaa Zalauflebis kritika,
misi cnobili frazaa _ ar Seayvarebino
Tavi Zalauflebas. am frazis gagebisaTvis me ramdenime weli damWirda. gasaRebi aRmoCnda antonin artos wigni, romis imperator heliogabalze, romelic
oTxi wlis ganmavlobaSi marTavda romis
imperias. arto aRwers, rom imperatori
gamodioda quCaSi da yvelaze dabal fasad eweoda sakuTari sxeuliT prostitucias. amas romaeli istorikosebi mis
avxorcobas miawerdnen. antonin arto
ki Tvlis, imperatori am saqcieliT Seuracxyofas ayenebda da amcirebda imperatoris RvTaebriobis ideas da Zalauflebis RvTaebriobas fexqveS Telavda.
am perspeqtiviT Tu Sexedav, mTeli is
xibli da magia, romelic xelisuflebas
da Zalauflebas aqvs, amiT nadgurdeba,
xibls kargavs, xelisuflebac da misi matareblebic, romlebic am Zalauflebis
inscenirebis xarjze RvTaebriv rangSi,
zeadamianebad warmogvidgebian. yvelaze cnobili magaliTi aviRoT, stalini,
romelsac boroti geniis saxeli aqvs.
ra aris masSi genialuri? is, rom SeZlo
xalxis daSineba da moawyo terori? daSinebis meTodiT Seqmna sakuTari Tavis
kulti? rac gvxiblavs da risi aRiarebac zogjer gviWirs, esaa, rom maT amxela Zalaufleba hqondaT. ra darCa am Zalauflebidan? araferi, garda miTebisa
da zRaprebisa. hana arendts, germanel
filosofoss aqvs Zalian mniSvnelovani
naSromi borotebis banalurobis Sesaxeb.
arendti aRwers aixmanis process; aixmani nacional-socialisti funqcioneri
iyo da hitleris reJimis dros ebraelebis deportacias xelmZRvanelobda.
Semdeg is gaasamarTles da procesze
warmoadgines, rogorc demoni. arendts
sasamarTlos dros sicili autyda. aixmani realurad erTi primitiuli arseba iyo, da sisuleleebs bodavda. hana
arendti ambobs, rom adamianebi, romlebic xorcSesxmul borotebad warmogvidgebian, Zalian banalurebi arian,
ramdenadac Tavad borotebaa banaluri.
Zalauflebis matarebeli adamianebi,
maT TavianTi sfero aqvT, magram maTi
warmodgena, rogorc gigantebis, Secdomaa, da Cveni araTavisufali saazrovno
stereotipisgan gamomdinareobs. politikosebi, rogorc wesi, saSualo gonebrivi da inteleqtualuri SesaZleblobebis adamianebi arian, romlebsac bevri
ar unda movTxovoT. demokratiul qveynebSi maT profesionali mrCevlebi hya-
vT, da aqvT imis unari, rom am mrCevlebs yuri daugdon. magaliTad, Tbilisis
forumze reigans axseneben, rogorc
gigantur movlenas, mesias, romelmac
daangria sabWoTa kavSiri da gagvaTavisufla. aseTi logika ara mxolod istoriis arcodniTaa gamowveuli, aramed
pirovnebis kultis cnobierebis nimuSicaa. saqarTveloSi mTeli am wlebis
ganmavlobaSi ar momxdara Zalauflebis
kritika, qarTul antisabWoTa moZraobas ar gaukritikebia Zalaufleba. Cagvris principisTvis rom Segvexeda kritikulad da TviTon Zalaufleba rom
dagvayenebina eWvqveS, es ar momxdara.
Tumca, dasavleTSic, Zalauflebis kritika yvelaze masStaburad 60-ian wlebSi daiwyo da mimarTuli iyo ara kerZo
personificirebuli Zalauflebis winaaRmdeg, aramed, zogadad Zalauflebis
fenomeni iqca kritikis obieqtad. fuko
roca ambobda _ ar Seayvarebino Tavi
Zalauflebas, ar acdunebino mas Tavi,
swored Zalauflebisadmi kritikul damokidebulebas da misgan gamijvnas gulisxmobda. Zalaufleba Cvens instumentalizacias axdens da sakuTar TamaSis
wesebs gvaxvevs Tavze. es garkveulwilad
korufciaa, mTeli Cveni cxovreba xdeba
momarTuli imisken, rom CaverToT am
TamaSSi, sadac umniSvnelovanesi idealebi ikargeba. es idealebi aris swored
is, risi saSualebac Zalaufleba unda
iyos, swored saSualeba da ara mizani.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 156
cxeli Sokoladi
103
alixanianis 5
avtori: aka morCilaZe
foto: levan xaerxeuliZe, gilermo luna, timo fogti, luiza sameri
104 cxeli Sokoladi
istoria
cxeli Sokoladi
105
sanam me amis weras daviwyebdi, sergo
ukve daiWires.
Cveulebrivi, ulamazo Tbilisuri kriminali, quCis kriminali rom hqvia.
roca mis wasayvanad movidnen da saxlidan gamoiyvanes, quCaze Jana gamovarda da ukve manqanaSi myofs Sestira.
_ Sens Tvalebze cremli ar damanaxo, _
Tqva sergom seriozuli saxiT.
iyo am naTqvamSi raRac serialebiviT
saironio-paTetikuric, namdvilad dramatulic da kidev ufro sxvanairic.
gageRimeboda da Tan gulic Segitokdeboda.
sergo 19 wlis aris, Jana Cvidmetis.
Jana fexmZimedaa. isini col-qmari
arian.
saxli, saidanac sergo waiyvanes, sinamdvileSi saxli ar aris.
es aris Zveleburi avlabruli patara
ezo, SigniT sami calfanjriani nagebobiT. iq Tagvi ver motrialdeba.
alixanianis 5.
es ezo, mTeli Sig arsebuli saTavsoebiT,
naqiravebi aqvs asociacia `mkurnals~, ro106 cxeli Sokoladi
melic karga xnis win, ingliselTa daxmarebiT daafuZnes mama giorgi CaCavam, nino
Wubabriam, lali mesxma, sandro TomaZem
da daTo Calabovma.
`mkurnali~ miusafar mozardTa momvleli da patronia. ise, rogorc SeuZlia
da rogorc gamosdis.
es asociacia cdilobs, rom bavSvebi
nairgvar xelobebs daeuflon. bavSvebi
ra, mozardebi, rac aseve arazusti terminia, imitom, rom mozards maTSi ver
igrZnob, imitom, rom maT yvelaferi naxes. is, rasac mozrdilebic ver vnaxulobT xolme.
`mkurnalTan~ ZiriTadad isini trialeben, vinc ukve gaiares sabavSvo saxlebis
aRzrda da axla Tbilisis, marTla didi
qalaqis daundobel da mduRare nawlavebiT gamovsebul gul-mucelSi trialeben.
minanqris saxelosnoebi da kompiuteris kursebi saSualebas iZleva, rom is,
vinc SeZlo da quCas mowyda, is, vinc webos ynosvaSi ar Caikarga, iyos naswavli,
hqondes samuSao da xelfasi da icxovros ise, rom icxovros. anu ise iyos,
rasac Cven cxovrebas veZaxiT.
yovel SemTxvevaSi, aqaurebis daxmarebiTve Tavi gaitanos.
magram cxovreba aseTi ar aris.
yvelam viciT, rom aseTi ar aris.
zustad isea, rogorc zRaparSi:
marcxniv waxval, ase iqneba, marjvniv
waxval, ise iqneba, pirdapir waxval, sul
sxvanairad.
alixanianis 5-Si kompiuteris kartrijis damteni saxelosnoa. es aris Semosavali, romliTac am teritoriis da aq
mosuli biWebisa da gogoebis raRacnairad Senaxva SeiZleba. ufro sworad,
istoria
maTi raRacnairad movla.
is, vinc muSaobs, visi minanqaric iyideba, is, vinc sadRac moewyo muSad, anda
programistad, sxva mxares midis, magram
sxvani sxva mxares midian.
bavSvebis mTeli divizia moqmedebs diRmis teritoriaze, restornebis midamoebSi. iq saqme bevria: yvavilebis gayidvidan,
SezarxoSebul ZiaTa gulis molbobamde.
aTasi gzaa, mTavari swor adgilebSi
moZraobaa. fuli SeiZleba metic iSovno,
vidre Senma amxanagma, romelic karg da
kvalificiur samuSaos asrulebs.
es ufro patarebis saqmea.
quCis mimarTulebebi imgvaria, rom
qurdoba, hop-stopi da aseTi rameebi sulac ar aris moulodneli da ucxo rame.
moulodneli ki ara, bevri zis, bevri
ukve ijda, bevric Cajdeba.
maTi advokatebi, policiaSi sirbili,
aTasi sxva ram im uxilav da rTul samyaroSi, rasac marTlmsajuleba hqvia,
ninos saqmea.
ra ar aris ninos saqme. mgoni, yvelaferi.
nino maTi dedaa. ar vici, sxva ra aris
deda.
nino masw., dedaCemi mokvda da iq fulia
misatani, _ es SeiZleba erTi Cveulebrivi
satelefono zari iyos. ki, maT aqvT mobilurebi. skaipis misamarTebic ki.
es uzarmazari, uZiro da sruliad ulmobeli samyaroa. ufro sworad, ulmobeli
samyaro gavlilia. axla cxovreba hqvia.
fici ornairia: RmerTs vficav, qurduls vficav.
vis rogor.
alixanianis 5-Si kedlebze printeriT
amobeWili suraTebia:
es zis... es zis... es maSin gadavuRe, saavadyofoSi rom iyo nacemi, amis Zma iseTi
kargi biWi iyo... dedamisi rekavda xolme...
cxeli Sokoladi
107
istoria
naxe, es ra lamazi gogoa, ulamazesi gogoa.
es cota Senelebuli bavSvia... age krisa.
naxe ra tipia. modis xolme... amas modeloba undoda... es axla mayurebelia malaletkebSi... es... aq patarebi arian, gldanSi.
_ Cemi Zmac zis masw., uTxari...
bevri maTganis problema weboa. webos
ynosva. bevris _ ara.
aqac isea, rogorc cxovrebaSi, yvelas
da yvelanairs Sexvdebi.
ninos unda, rom maT rame iswavlon da
imuSaon. bevri axerxebs. bevrma yvelaferi icis, bevri wignebs kiTxulobs, bevrma kiTxva saerTod ar icis.
mTavari, am saqmeSi maTi daxmarebaa.
ukve ase grZeldeba wlebis ganmavlobaSi.
ZaliT amaTTan araferi gamova.
gSia, aq modi. gwyuria, aq moxval. daiZineb kidec rogorRac. yvelani daiZinebT.
108 cxeli Sokoladi
pirdapir iatakebze, am patara saxlSi. ra
saxli. sad aris saxli. kartrijebs Soris,
Zvel taxtze, magidasa da magidas Soris.
marta axali gamosulia cixidan. cota
braziania. eg araferi.
maTze wyroma ar SeiZleba. ubralod,
azri ara aqvs. maTTan laparakia saWiro.
artura, kaci Sua saukuneebis romanebidan. naxevrad CeCeni var, naxevrad guruli.
bavSvTa saxlSi saCuqrebs rom arigebdnen,
miTxres, CeCeni xar da ar gergebao. eee,
rodis iyo ega. guruli var, deda myavs
CeCeni. eSinodaT Tu ra iyo, ar vici. Samil basaevi vegone. kaciWamia, ra.
artura erTad aris Jil blasi, don pablosi, lazarilio tormeseli.
mere avdeqi da wavedi ozurgeTSi. fuli
mqonda, wavedi da davsaxldi iqa, didxans
viyavi, oTaxic viqirave. siaruli miyvars.
artura muSaobda, axla droebiT ar
muSaobs, wamovida restornidan, sadac
raRac ar moewona.
kaci Tavisufali da Rirseuli unda
iyos.
ar gaCerdeba, roca amas ar igrZnobs.
zogierTs Rirseba Taviseburad esmis.
zogierTma saerTod ar icis, ra aris.
artura varjiSobs, jani, goneba, yvelaferi ainteresebs.
dajeqi da usmine, meti araferia saWiro.
fedia da misi umcrosi Zma. imasac artura hqvia. umcross. moldovelebi.
aqa varT dabadebuli. fedia xalisia.
Tan seriozuli. raRacnairad patiosani,
kacurad. saqcielebiT.
fedor, ha, rogor xar?
niCivo, davlie, masw. ai, kai sigareti
maqvs.
cxeli Sokoladi
109
110 cxeli Sokoladi
istoria
fedias Svili hyavs, sadRac, maRla
ubanSi. saCuqrebs iyidis da midis xolme.
Cemi Svilia, marto Cemi Svili ki ar aris.
ucnauri gancxadebaa.
fuli viSove. maq fuli.
Cxubi da kamaTi bavSvuria. gametebuli da mere siyvaruliT savse. fedia
da sasania erTmaneTze brazoben, ufro
sasania, fedia icinis, mokled pasuxobs,
Tumca mkacrad.
gamo, aba, gamo.
gadian.
guram, gayevi.
gurami dgeba.
gurami saocari kacia. kompiuterTan
zis. gansxvavdeba: metyvelebiT, CacmulobiT, iumoriT, xalisiT. tkivilis
sicilSi gatarebis unariT. gurami aq
muSaobs. SeiZleba alixanianis 5-is maJordomic uwodo.
siciliT mokvdebi, iseT rameebs ambobs.
Semodian. Cawynarda. sasania wnevis
aparatis gverdiT migdebul fonendoskops iRebs da gulze adebs fedias.
guli rogor gicems, biWo, _ Tan exuteba.
gurami yveba da yveba.
es rTuli da Znelad samarTavi samyaroa.
mere patara gogo, sneJana modis. sneJo. saRamosTvisaa gamowyobili, odnav
sazeimod. ocneba aqvs profesiis Taobaze. ar amxels.
kiTxva-pasuxi xSir SemTxvevaSi xistia da ubralo, pirdapiri. iqiT patara televizoria, Jana fexmZimedaa da
serialebs uyurebs.
me ar minaxavs. modis xolme muraza.
koxtad Cacmuli, davarcxnili, oqros
xelebi. nakolkebi.
sergosac aqvs, marcxena mklavze: ti amo.
miyvarxar. italiurad. viRacam Tqva albaT adre, bavSvobisas. ti amo. te amo, espanurad. eg ras niSnavs? miyvarxar, ra...
Zmakacs miklavda masw., zadnis xo ar
mivcemdi?
me Sen gafrTxileb, nu dadixar imaTTan erTad.
mainc wava, _ gurami ambobs.
didi, didi, raRacnairad mduRare samyaro.
alixanianis 5. teritoria, sadac gelian.
sadac mixval da ar wageCxubebian, mogivlian, mogexmarebian.
Sen oRond moindome. Tu ar moindomeb,
mainc mogexmarebian. SeWam mainc. daiZineb mainc. iq aris imedi. nino aris imedi.
sayrdeni.
bevri wavida, gzas daadga. adamianur
cxovrebaSia. zogierTi saucxoo ojaxSi
moxvda. Semoivlian xolme, rekaven.
an ar Semoivlian da ar rekaven. egec
ar aris problema. aqauroba amisTvis ar
arsebobs, rom Sens pasuxs da madlierebas daelodon.
aqauroba imisTvis arsebobs, rom Sen
dagelodon da raRacaSi mogexmaron,
erTi bewodan, uzarmazaramde.
odesRac, bevri maTgani ninom ipovna.
Zvel TbilisSi, mingreul saxlSi, naxevradsardafSi, sadac wyali idga. eubnebodnen, ar miekaro, mogklaveno. jer
sabnebi mihqonda, mere kidev raRacebi.
iciT, ra aris?
Cven garSemo arsebobs uxilavi qalaqi.
uxilavi ki ara, fskeri.
sadac jer unda CaaRwio, mere unda
miixed-moixedo da Tu SeZleb da iqaurobas Tvals miaCvev, egeb ifiqro kidec,
rom aq sul patara raRacebis gadaadgileba SeiZleba.
am bavSvebs, am xalxs, sul pataraobidan,
TiTistolobidan iseTi rameebi unaxavT da
iseTi rameebi gamoucdiaT, rom adamians
yvelaze koSmarul sizmarSi ar daesizmreba. ar daesizmreba, imitom, rom ar icis,
Tu aseTi rameebi arsebobs saerTod.
Tbilisis fskerebi. iciT, eg ra aris?
mimiqaravs parizis RvTismSoblis taZris
ambavi.
inga, mxiaruli, maRali gogoa. cxovrebaze msjelobs.
maT laparaki uyvarT. moswonT azrebis gacvla-gamocvla. saxalxo saqmeebi.
fedia zustad getyvis im teleJurnaliscxeli Sokoladi
111
istoria
tebis saxelebsa da gvarebs, romlebsac
siuJetebi gaukeTebiaT maT Sesaxeb.
gurami klipebs gaCvenebs. aqvT klipebi, diRmis parkSi.
webo. icinian. patara gogoebi da biWebi.
guli sadRac midis.
siyvaruli. aq siyvaruli arsebobs. gogosa da biWis siyvaruli.
zogierTma SeiZleba agixsnas es ra
aris. zogierTs Cumad uyvars. gamouTqmelad. zogierTs xmaurianad.
me sanam miyvarda, lamazi iyo, _ monitorze fotoebs vuyureb.
axlac lamazia.
112 cxeli Sokoladi
ara, adre ufro lamazi iyo.
isini qrebian. xSirad ikargebian. ar Canan. zogierTi egeb trefikingSic ki mohyva. gansakuTrebiT gogoebi.
Tu aRar Canan, umravlesoba Sors ar
aris.
Tqven ar SegiSveben im barebSi, sadac
ramdenime gogos povna SeiZleba. Tqven
ar giamboben sxva aTas raRacas.
mgoni SemeZlo, aq sruli saSinelebebi
damewera.
RamiT ver daiZinebdiT.
marTla ver daiZinebdiT, erTi saaTiT
mainc. magram ar davwer ase, imitom, rom
am biWebsa da gogoebSi aranairi piradi
tragediis SegrZneba ar aris.
maTSi albaT aris _ es cxovrebaa,
masw.
raxan es cxovrebaa, cxovreba rTulia.
magram iq aris siyvarulic, siZulvilic,
uwesobac, raRacnairi, Zalian STambeWdavi, imavdroulad, TiTqos mouxelTebeli
patiosneba da siwrfelec, Sromac, qurdobac, WuWyica da siwmindec, tyuilic da
uzarmazari simarTlec, romelic xSirad
mzeze Zlieria, Tvals ver gausworeb.
ai, egenia iq.
alixanianis 5 nomerSi.
me egeni vnaxe, da mgoni cota vnaxe, ganuzomlad metic SeiZleboda.
ginda wavideT, vnaxoT viRacebi Ramis
birJebze.
ninos Zveli, TaxTaxa jipi. Tavidan bolomde mogzauris manqanas hgavs. TiTqos
parizi-dakari hqondes gavlili. Tu lisaboni-dakari. ra mniSvneloba aqvs.
_ ara, ara...
Ramis Semovla. vin sad aris. perovi,
diRomi. erTi-ori saunis kideebi. quCebi,
sadac fuli iSoveba.
gurami isev xumrobs. Tbilisel geis
ajavrebs. ginaxavT Tbiliseli gei? me
ara. imaT unaxavT.
Ramea.
mTeli Rame internet kafeSi oTxi
lari Rirs, masw. vTamaSobT. Culoevi saerTod aRar gamodis internet kafedan,
iq cxovrobs.
ara, ara, maq sigareti, _ ra Cesnia es fedia. dastoini. yavisferi da dakunTuli.
qurTukic yavisferi.
nino xom marto ar aris. exmarebian. CamosaTvlelad ar vwer. kargebi arian.
alixanianis 5.
es alixaniani, mgoni, iciT vin iyo?
saxarovis coli romaa _ elena boneri,
imis mama. alixaniani didi komunisti iyo
amierkavkasiaSi, beriam daxvrita. Tu ar
vcdebi. aba, ra vici. avlabris Zveli quCaa. metrodan marjvniv da mere marcxniv. egreve, nacrisferi WiSkari.
sanam amas vwerdi, sergosTvis weliwadnaxevari miuciaT.
Sens Tvalebze cremli ar damanaxo.
ginda gaicine, ginda itire. Jana fexmZimedaa. sergo _ srokze.
kompiuterSi
cixidan
SemoTvlili
mokiTxvebia, biWebi icinian.
Tan TiTqos rcxveniaT kameris.
zogisTvis cixe sasargebloc kia. mxolod zogisTvis. magaliTad imaTTvis, visac
es saSineli webos ynosva ver miutovebia.
kompiuterSi nakeTobebia. mSvenieri
saoqromWedlo nakeTobebis
fotoebi.
biWebi muSaoben. mSvenieria. gadasarevia.
saxelosnoebi unda vamuSaoT. dakavebulebi unda iyvnen.
yvelas ar SeuZlia. visac unda da visac SeuZlia, imaTi xelidan gaSveba ar
SeiZleba.
namdvilad ar SeiZleba.
is mzareulia im restoranSi. cnobili
restorania. ici, ra magari mzareulia?
veubnebi, modi gagvikeTe rameebi.
wavedi me, gavivli, _ artura ambobs.
siaruli TiTqos samyaros Secnobaa. raRacnairi siarulia.
alixanianis 5. sayrdeni. gauTviTcnobierebeli imedi.
amoisunTqeT. sicocxle aseTi mSve...
sicocxle aseTia. yvelas Tavisi sicocxle aqvs.
_ qaliSvili var, masw. marTla qaliSvili var...
cxeli Sokoladi
113
parizuli Canawerebi
ho _ sicocxles!
avtori: lana RoRoberiZe
orSabaTs, 19 maiss kanis festivalze `oqros palmiT~ daajildoves safrangeTSi mcxovrebi da momuSave portugaleli
reJisori _ manoel de oliveira filmTa erTobliobis gamo.
scenaze msubuqi nabijiT gamovida saSualoze maRali, xmeli,
sasiamovno garegnobis Suaxnis kaci. lumieris gadaWedili
darbazi mas fexze adgomiT da ovaciebiT Seegeba. misasalmebeli da aRfrTovanebuli sityva klint istvudma warmoTqva.
`palma~ miSel pikolim gadasca, festivalis prezidentma _
Jil Jakobma _ uwoda mas `eqsperimentatorobis JiniT Sepyrobili grifiti~, aCvena Tavisi damontaJebuli emociuri filmi
reJisoris Sesaxeb da bolos Tqva: `Tqven erTxel miTxariT,
rom tyuili TqviT Tqveni asakis Sesaxeb da rom namdvilad
sami wliT metis xarT. minda giTxraT, rom Tu maSin miTxariT
simarTle, es gadasarevia!~ darbazi daingra taSiT. mTeli ambavi ki isaa, rom wels oliveiras 100 weli usruldeba! am wels
msofliom aRniSna ori udidesi adamianis _ arqiteqtor oskar
nimeieris da anTropolog klod levi-str sis _ 100 wlisTavi.
gazeTebi werdnen, rom arcerT maTgans ar Seuwyvetia muSaoba, da ai, kidev erTi aqtiurad momuSave aswlovani kaci _
oliveira! me is didi xania amoviCeme. jer kidev maSin, roca
gavige, rom 75 wlis asakSi Tavi daaneba filmebis gadaRebas,
cxadia, yvelam CaTvala, rom samudamod, da uceb, sruliad
moulodnelad, 86 wlisa, miubrunda kinos da mas mere weliwadSi TiTo films iRebda! Tan iseT filmebs, rom yoveli maTgani kanis festivalis monawile xdeboda. mas mere oliveira
imedis wyarod iqca CemTvis. da raki kinos gadaRebaze ocneba erTi wuTiT ar Semnelebia, megobrebs veubnebodi, xedavT,
ra mSvenieri magaliTia, mec jer yvelaferi wina maqvs-meTqi.
isini mpasuxobdnen, modi, 86 wels nu daelodebi, cota adre
daiwyeo! da ai, axla, es Cemi Zvirfasi oliveira 100 wlisaa,
jildovdeba `oqros palmiT~ da, rac mTavaria, zedized ori
filmis gadaRebas apirebs! dgas mSvidad, gaWedili darbazis
scenaze da sul ubralod, TiTqos aq gansakuTrebuli araferia, uziarebs mayurebels Tavis samomavlo gegmebs: „vapireb
ori filmis gadaRebas, erTia „axalgazrda qera gogos saidumloebani~, qeiros romanis mixedviT da meore _ „anJelikas
ucnauri ambavi~, scenari, romelic davwere am 50-ode wlis
win. Tu SesaZlebeli iqneba, minda isini erTmaneTis miyolebiT
gadaviRo, imisaTvis, rom erTi berlinSi warvadgino, meore
kanSi. yvelaferi prodiuseris aqtiurobaze iqneba damokidebuli~. rogorc Cans, sakuTari aqtiuroba mas odnav ar aeWvebs.
xom gadasarevia, ara? adamianis SesaZleblobebs namdvilad ara
aqvs sazRvari! amas vfiqrobdi maSin, roca Tavis saxelosnoSi
gatacebiT momuSave 100 wlis oskar nimeiers vuyurebdi, da ai,
axla, oliveira! mouTmenlad davelodebi mis axal filmebs.
114 cxeli Sokoladi
REUTERS
parizuli Canawerebi
speqtakli `stiqsi~, reJisori
sturua,
kompozitori
gia yanCeli
iv senrobert
loranis
koleqciis
Cveneba, parizi
2002
cxeli Sokoladi
115
parizuli Canawerebi
namdvili konservatorebi arian... amitom,
ar aris aq advili reformebis gatareba.
moskoviCi ki, kuSneris megobari (albaT, warsulSi), sevdianad eubneba: es
sagareo politika Seni ar aris. vxedav,
rom cudad grZnob Tavs. es araa Seni arCevani. mwyins, rom monawileob am arasamarTlian xelisuflebaSi.
REUTERS
„ar veTanxmebi azrs, rom sikvdili
damarcxebaa. mTavaria SegeZlos Tqva
„xo~ maSinac ki, rodesac kvdebi, ho _
sicocxles!~ _ es aris fransua miteranis kredo, romelic man realurad ganaxorciela.
faqts, rom is gaxda memarjveneTa mTavrobis wevri. kuSneri, romelic safrangeTis erT-erTi yvelaze popularuli
politikosia, Tavisi gadawyvetilebis
axsnas cdilobda. ilaparaka sarkozis
gaxsnilobaze: roca SemomTavaza ministroba, eWvqveS ar dauyenebia Cemi memarcxeneoba. amitom davTanxmdi... vfiqrob,
portugalieli reJisori manuel de oliveira, kani 2002
saintereso iyo safrangeTis sagareo
saqmeTa ministris bernar kuSneris da
memarcxeneTa erT-erTi lideris _ pier
moskoviCis saubari saparlamento arxze.
memarcxeneebi ver patioben kuSners im
116
cxeli Sokoladi
rom ministris rangSi bevri ramis gakeTebas SevZleb.
aucilebelia mivusadagoT safrangeTi
Tanamedroveobas. amas Zireuli reformebi sWirdeba...
frangebs Zalian uyvarT cxovreba,
amayoben Tavisi frangobiT. amave dros
kuSneric, aseve sevdiani RimiliT, pasuxobs: _ memarjveneebs ar vuyvarvar da
memarcxeneebi moRalates meZaxian... amas
Serigebuli var.
gveqneba Zneli wlebi, magram bolos safrangeTi amoisunTqebs.
sarkozi ki ambobs kuSnerze: esaa me-
parizuli Canawerebi
marcxeneTa yvelaze didi Tevzi, romelic daviWire.
100 wlis oliveira dgas mSvidad, gaWedili darbazis
scenaze da sul ubralod, TiTqos aq gansakuTrebuli
araferia, uziarebs mayurebels Tavis samomavlo gegmebs:
saparlamento arxze saubrobdnen mwerali denis tiliniaki, fsiqiatri serJ
efesi da iumoristi gi bedo. saubris
Tema _ `fanatikuri sarkozomania~. zogierTi ram maTi saubridan:
`vapireb ori filmis gadaRebas, erTia `axalgazrda qera
gogos saidumloebani~, da meore _ `anJelikas ucnauri
REUTERS
ambavi~, scenari, romelic davwere am 50-ode wlis win.~
argentinis prezidenti kristina fernandes de kiSneri da safrangeTis
sagareo saqmeTa ministri bernard kuSneri, parizi 2008
REUTERS
`liberasioni~ beWdavs `gabrazebuli~
mkiTxvelis werils kanis festivalis Sesaxeb:
`ras emsaxureba es festivali, Tu ara
imas, rom daixarjos daujerebeli Tanxebi, raTa yvela aRiarebulma varskvlavma kidev erTxel warmoaCinos Tavi damoukidebeli kinos dakninebis xarjze?
maSin, rodesac reJisorebs saSinlad
uWirT minimaluri Tanxis mogroveba
TavianTi filmebis gadasaRebad da msaxiobebi amaod awydebian privilegirebuli varskvlavebis mier maTTvis Carazul
karebs, kruazeti kvlav krebs debilebis
xrovas, romlebic nerwyvs ylapaven madam
denefis axali liftingis da nebismieri
amerikeli starletis uZvirfasesi saRamos kabis gamo. am utvinoTa masas uerTdebian Jurnalistebi, romlebic mzad
arian gayidon suli samstriqoniani arafrismTqmeli interviusTvis, romelic
arafriT ar uwyobs xels kinos ganviTarebas. `liberasionSi~ SeiZleba waikiTxo
misi erT-erTi avtoris aRfrTovanebuli
werili imis Sesaxeb, rogor gahkra mas
mxari katrin denevma liftSi... mwuxare
da vulgaruli gamofena kastisa, romelic cxovrobs, rogorc Zveli reJimebis
mixrwnili aristokratia.
fulis tonebi, daxarjuli msaxiobTa popularizaciisTvis, romelTac es
srulebiT aRar sWirdebaT. ovaciebi da
sakuTari Tavisadmi mimarTuli aplodismentebi am erTobisa, romelic Caketilia
novatorebisTvis, mamacebisTvis, kameris
namdvili mSromelebisTvis. TvalTmaqcuri dResaswaulebi da gabrdRvialebuli kibeebi, ayrolebuli uniWobiT da
narcisizmiT... es aris curva damRupvel
da pirquS fsiqozSi~...
ai, aseTi, rbilad rom vTqvaT, araordinarulia kinos udidesi zeimis Sefaseba erT-erTi mayureblis mier. saxalisod
momeCvena es kvimaturi werili da amitomac vTavazob mas Cvens mkiTxvels.
manuel de oliveiras lisabonis mecnierebaTa akademia
sapatio wevrad irCevs, marti 2008
`dRes safrangeTSi fanatikuri sarkozomaniaa gamefebuli. arasdros arcerT
prezidentze ar dawerila erTi wlis
manZilze amdeni wigni _ asocze meti. da
es ricxvi sul izrdeba da izrdeba.
fsiqiatri ambobs, rom misi rva pacientidan Svidi aucileblad axsenebs sarkozis.
safrangeTSi arsebobs kerpis moTxovnileba, rasac sarkozi srulad akmayofilebs.
ise gagiJebiT uyvardaT, rom aseve gagiJebiT SeiZules.
ver autaniaT, rom cdilobs, kargad
Tu cudad, gaakeTos is, rasac dapirda
xalxs.
ver apaties bednierebisaken swrafva.
saerTo gagebiT, is imisaTvis ar gaxda
prezidenti, rom iyos bednieri.
misi erT-erTi damaxasiaTebeli Tviseba
_ bavSvurobaa. magram saSiSia bavSvs Caugcxeli Sokoladi
117
parizuli Canawerebi
iv sen loranis Semodgoma-zamTris
koleqciis Cveneba, parizi 2000
iv sen lorani gazafxuli-zafxulis
koleqciis Cvenebaze, parizi 1985
frangebs undaT reforma mezoblebisTvis. isini giJdebian TavianT patara
privilegiebze da roca igrZnes, rom amas
emuqreba safrTxe, SeeSindaT.
Cvens prezidentebs Soris erTaderTi Siraqi ar iyo monarqi. is erTnairad
elaparakeboda saxelmwifos meTaurs da
damlagebels.~
wlis win, da samoci wlis win... dRevandeloba da masTan gadajaWvuli warsuli,
romelic mudmivad cocxlobs SenSi. am
fiqrebSi CarTuls, gamaxsenda erTi iaponuri tanka, rusulad, da mominda misi
gadmoqarTuleba. mTeli dRe am tankis
qarTul ekvivalentze vfiqrobdi da bolos man aseTi saxe miiRo:
qliavis yvavils iseTive asdis surneli,
viRacis xelis frTxili Sexeba...
am bolo xans, sul ufro da ufro
gamudmebiT vfiqrob droze. dro, romelic xan miizlazneba, xan miqris, xan
Cerdeba... Tu dro, romelic sulac ar
arsebobs, anu dro, rogorc fiqcia. xandaxan mgonia, rom, realurad, arsebobs
mxolod wuTi. Tu intensiurad icxovreb
am wuTs, amarcxeb dros.
droze fiqrs Tan sdevs fiqrebi mogo118 cxeli Sokoladi
sicocxle da sikvdili _ ori, erTmaneTze gadajaWvuli saswauli. sikvdilis mudmivi siaxlove gaZlevs saSualebas iyo, inaniebde, daeWvde, moerio
eWvebs, Seirgo yoveli wvrilmani, ifiqro ukvdavebaze da, rac mTavaria,
giyvardes... platonis gagebiT, ukvdavebasTan miaxloeba _ siyvarulia. ara
REUTERS
nebaze da masTan gadajaWvul daviwyebaze. ar minda daviviwyo. arc pirovnebebi,
arc movlenebi, arc ganwyobebi. ardaviwyeba _ simdidrea.
magram, kidev ufro mniSvnelovania,
Seni arseboba amwuTierobiT ar Semofarglo, aramed icocxlo yoveli wuTiT,
dRes da, amave dros _ guSin, da ocdaaTi
REUTERS
do xelSi Zalaufleba. aRiqvams Zalauflebas, rogorc saTamaSos. ara, rogorc
saTamaSos ki ara, rogorc bedisweras.
is yvelafers aWarbebs. ambobs zedmets, akeTebs zedmets. aWarbebs maSinac,
roca TamaSobs Tavmdablobas.
yovel dilas raRacas umtkicebs Tavis
sarkes.
o, rogorc maSin, wlebis gadaRma.
vkiTxoT am mTvares,
vin icis iqneb dagvibrunda is gazafxuli.
es SegrZneba araerTxel mqonia, ai, is,
rom arsebob dRes da imavdroulad guSin, da rom es igive gazafxulia, igive
surneliT da viRacis xelis iseTive uecari SexebiT...
aqvs mniSvneloba, giyvars erTi wami,
Tu erTi weli, Tu 50 weli. giyvars da
es niSnavs, rom uaxlovdebi ukvdavebas.
yoveli sicocxle _ maradisobis gamovlinebaa. Cveni didi Tavisufleba isaa,
rom SegviZlia yovel wuTs daviwyoT raRac axali, axali arseboba, TiTqos manamde araferi momxdariyos.
arsebobs sikvdilis formula, Cemi
azriT, yvelaze martivi da amitom Zalian gasagebi: _ sanam xar Sen, ar aris
sikvdili. roca aris sikvdili, ara xar
Sen. _ es WeSmaritebaa, romelic amsubuqebs aryofnaze fiqrs da ganiWebs Svebas.
amitomac eguebi Sens sikvdils, rogorc
yvelaze grZel Rames.
...Tu sikvdili mxolod Ramea,
yvela Rameze ufro Rrma da ufro xangrZlivi...
REUTERS
parizuli Canawerebi
gansakuTrebiT momwons misi naTqvami: `araferia SiSvel
sxeulze mSvenieri, da yvelaze lamazi tansacmeli,
romelmac SeiZleba Seamkos qali, sayvareli kacis
mklavebia. magram imaTTvis, visac ar ergoT es bedniereba,
REUTERS
REUTERS
me aq var~.
REUTERS
iv sen loranis Semodgoma-zamTris
koleqciis Cveneba, parizi 2007
amerikeli dizaineris tom fordis koleqcia
iv sen loranis samodelo saxlisTvis
es striqonebi Tbilisis omis Semdeg
davwere. maSin davinaxe sikvdili, rogorc Rame, ubralod, yvela sxva Rameze
ufro Rrma da grZeli. da maSinve dameufla gancda, rom Seni sikvdili SenTvis
ar arsebobs, is mxolod Seni axloblebisTvis aris realoba da tkivili. Zalian minda am sityvebiT sikvdilis SiSiT
Sepyrobili, Cemi asakis adamianebi (da,
albaT, ufro axalgazrdebic) gavamxnevo:
gaxsovdeT yvelas, sanam xar Sen, ar aris
sikvdili. roca aris sikvdili, ara xar
Sen... xolo rac Seexeba axloblebs, isini
igloveben da Seeguebian Sens aryofnas.
esec xom sicocxlis kanonzomierebaa.
71 wlisa, tvinis simsivniT, gardaicvala iv sen lorani. `le mondi~
amerikeli top-modeli iv sen loranis
maRali modis Cvenebaze parizSi
iv sen lorani da leticia kasta
maRali modis Cvenebaze, parizi 2001
beWdavs saredaqcio werils saTauriT:
`kutiuriem datova kvali, romelsac
is yvelaze did mxatvarTa rangSi ahyavs~.
`is iyo erT-erTi udidesi frangi mxatvari. Tavis Tavs uwodebda ara kutiuries, aramed `xelosans, romelic qmnis
bednierebas~. iv sen lorani darCeba, rogorc franguli eleganturobis momRerali. man Seqmna `marcxena sanapiros~
Zalian parizuli stili. gamoexmaura
ra 20-iani wlebis `garsonebis~ modas,
man daxata kacis kostiumebi da SigniT
moaTavsa muslinis gamWvirvale, Zalian
qaluri `bluzkebi~. `Savi bluzoni~ _ es
misia, iseve, rogorc 1962 wels Seqmnili
smokingi, romelic pirvelad misma megobarma katrin denevma Caicva, saxaruli
samosi, bermuda, TrenCi, _ tansacmeli,
romelic quCam aitaca. `idea kacis koscxeli Sokoladi
119
REUTERS
parizuli Canawerebi
tiumSi gamowyobili qalisa, TandaTan
izrdeboda, Rrmavdeboda, da dRes ukve
damkvidrda, rogorc Tanamedrove qalis mTavari maxasiaTebeli~, _ ambobda
TviTon.
misi intimuri megobari pier berJe ambobs: `iv sen lorani _ es ar aris mxolod
moda. masSi aRbeWdilia mTeli samyaro,
mxatvrobis, musikis, literaturis, kinos kultura~ .
19 wlis provincieli biWi, dajildovebuli xatvis gansakuTrebuli niWiT,
kristian diorma, `axali xedvis~ Semqm-
REUTERS
rojer federeri rolan garosis turnirze, parizi 2008
REUTERS
rojer federeri da bolo oTxi rolan garosis turniris
gamarjvebuli rafael nadali, parizi 2008
rolan garosis turnirisgamarjvebuli ana ivanoviCi, parizi 2008
120 cxeli Sokoladi
nelma, aiyvana asistentad. or weliwadSi diori uecrad gardaicvala. am
sikvdilma `pervanSis Tvaleba ucnobi~
avanscenaze aiyvana: 21 wlisa is gaxda
kristian dioris saxlis xelmZRvaneli.
saxeli pirvelive eqspoziciiT gaiTqva,
Tumca TviTon saSinel sicarieles ganicdida, `ara SiSis, aramed ararsebobis sicarieles. me ise mjeroda misi
(kristian dioris), mjeroda yvelafris,
rasac ambobda, rasac akeTebda. uecrad
aRar iyo aravin, vinc metyoda: es kargia, es cudi~. maSin, Tavisi pirveli
koleqciiT, daamkvidra xazi _ `trapecia~, romelic gaqra me-18 saukunis
dasawyisSi. da maSinve daibada legenda.
iv sen lorans daarqves `maRali modis
patara princi~.
parizuli Canawerebi
kutiurie, romelmac ganadida sxeulis
suli, daamkvidra retros sifaqize Tanamedrove gemovnebaSi da visac darCa
erTaderTi sinanuli: `rom man ar gamoigona jinsi~.
eklesiaSi dasvenebul iv sen lorans
katrin denevi uolt uitmenis leqsiT
daemSvidoba: `Sen ki, sikvdilo, amaod
cdilob Cems SeSinebas~... gamikvirda.
ratomRac ar movelodi, rom katrin
denevis (da, albaT, saerTod frangebis)
sulier samyaroSi uitmens aseTi adgili ekava. gamikvirda da gansakuTrebiT
brazilieli CogburTeli gustavo kuerteni, parizi 2008
eleganturobis dakargvis gansacdeli~,
_ ambobda iv sen lorani. da kidev: `gulis elegenturobis gareSe ar arsebobs
eleganturoba~. moda icvleba, stili
maradiulia. moda warmavalia, stili _
ara. `rodesac kargad grZnob Tavs tansacmelSi, yvelaferi SeiZleba moxdes.
kargi tansacmeli _ es bednierebis pasportia~.
gansakuTrebiT momwons misi naTqvami:
`araferia SiSvel sxeulze mSvenieri, da
yvelaze lamazi tansacmeli, romelmac
SeiZleba Seamkos qali, sayvareli kacis
mklavebia. magram imaTTvis, visac ar ergoT es bedniereba, me aq var~.
mis erT-erT eqspozicias erqva `iv sen
loranis dialogi xelovnebasTan~. `Cemi
mizani iyo metrTan miaxloveba da mis
REUTERS
genialobasTan ziareba~. ase mis tansacmelSi sxvadasxva wlebSi aisaxa mondrianis, pop-artis, pikasos, braqis, matisis,
van gogis, Tu misi megobris _ endi varolis _ ferweruli motivebi.
2002 wels, modis samyarosTan damSvidobebisas, Tavisi moridebulobiT
ganTqmulma sen loranma aRiara, rom
`is icnobs SiSs da saSinel martoobas,
yalb megobrebs trankvilizatorebis
da gamayuCeblebis saxiT, depresiisa
da janmrTelobis saxlebis sapyrobileebs~.
REUTERS
`saidumlo, romelmac aqcia iv sen lorani Tavisi epoqis mbrZaneblad, isaa, rom
mas ezizReboda moda, _ Tqva erTxel Tavisi enamoswrebulobiT saxelganTqmulma Jurnalistma fransuaz Jirum. _ moda,
ise, rogorc is esmiT dRes, es suleli
metronomi, romelic yofs weliwads or
nawilad, zamTari _ zafxuli, zafxuli _
zamTari da romelsac sjera, rom iZleva
swor tonalobas~.
`qalebs, romlebic zedmiwevniT misdeven modas, didi gansacdeli elodebaT.
Tavisi Rrma bunebis, stilis, bunebrivi
frangi CogburTeli gael monfisi rolan garosis turnirze, parizi 2008
pier berJem ase axsna es gadawyvetileba: `Semoqmedeba da marketingi ver eguebian erTmaneTs. es epoqa ar aris misi~.
misma biografma lorans benaimma ki dawera 2002 wlis `le mondSi~: `maradiuli sevdiani axalgazrda kaci aCqarebs
Sexvedras istoriasTan. man moijaxuna
Tavisi saxlis kari da Seudga mokle
biliks, ramac is kidev erTxel gamoavlina, rogorc WeSmaritad Tavisufali
adamiani~.
dRes igive benaimi wers: `iv sen lorani
xatavda emociebs, man Tavis tansacmelSi Caaqsova sixaruli, siyvaruli, sigiJe,
Seqmna Tavisi koleqciebi, rogorc saidumlo wignis Tavebi. is xatavda angelozebs da demonebs da yovelTvis abijebda profesiis sazRvrebs. is iyo pirveli
momxvda gulze, radganac me uitmeni
pirvelad 17 wlis asakSi aRmovaCine da
mas mere is mTeli Cemi cxovrebis Tanamgzavri gaxda. am patara mwvane wigns
`Leaves of grass~ _ `balaxis foTlebi~ _
SemTxveviT gadavawydi sajaro biblioTekaSi. da SeiZleba iTqvas, axalgazrduli gancdebis mTeli simZafriT
gadavirie! es iyo gaoceba, aRmoCena, Tavzari, aRfrTovaneba! sabWoTa, zemodan
daregulirebul da ideologiiT daTrgunul nacrisfer yofaSi SemoWrili
gasaocari siTamame, silaRe, sakuTari
Tavis (da yoveli adamianis) arnaxuli
gandideba.
>>> gagrZeleba gv. 158
cxeli Sokoladi
121
uaxlesi istoria
wignidan
iyo
da ara
iyo ra
avtori: daTo turaSvili
122 cxeli Sokoladi
(gagrZeleba)
raRai zemoT tyemali vaxseneT, barem maSindeli seqsis dardsac vityvi imitom, rom erovnulma moZraobam maSin radikalurad Secvala am sakiTxisadmi qarTveli xalxis damokidebuleba da, miT umetes, am problemis mogvarebis gzebi.
problemac Zveli iyo da is gzac, romelic jer kidev vaxtang
meeqvsem gaiara ori aTass qarTvelTan erTad saqarTvelodan
ruseTis dedaqalaqamde, Tumca ukan mxolod erTi qarTveli
mamakaci dabrunda. am gzas vaxtang mefis merec gadiodnen qarTveli kacebi (Cveni mamebis Taobis CaTvliT) da swored maSindeli erovnuli moZraobis dasawyisSive gaCnda saqarTveloSi
erTi Zalian sevdiani anegdoti:
qarTveli mama waiyvans Tavis vaJiSvils dasavaJkaceblad
moskovSi (sabWoTa periodSi aseTi rameebi marTla xdeboda
xolme) da sastumros nomridan gamosuli Svili cremlmoreuli SesCivlebs sayvarel aRmzrdels _ amaT ratom unda gamoveyoT, mami...
ucnauria magram maSin patriotizmis gageba radikalurad
gaemijna seqsis janmrTel fenomens da xSir SemTxvevaSi Riadac daupirispirda. maxsovs, rom swored maSin, Cveni pirveli
mitingebis Semdeg, erTi mSvenieri gogo momewona, romelmac
fizikur siaxloveze kategoriuli uari miTxra da Zalian
gulnatkenmac dasZina _ me Sen marTla patrioti megoneo...
rogorc Cans, Cveni sazogadoebis garkveuli nawilisTvis patrioti igive impotenti iyo da maTTvis patriotizmi sruliad
SeuTavsebeli iyo seqsualur janmrTelobasTan. Tumca maxsovs ufro rTuli SemTxvevac da erTi universiteteli nacnobi
Zalian amayad gamomityda _ arc tolstoi maqvs wakiTxuli da
arc dostoevski da saerTod, rusul literaturas arc arasodes wavikiTxavo. ratom-meTqi, _ gavikvirve da imitom, rom
patrioti varo. maSin darwmunebuli ar viyavi, magram mainc vifiqre, rom zemoTqmuli patriotizmi ki ara, idiotizmi ufro
iyo da axla ki zustad vici, rom samSoblos siyvaruli bewvis
xidze siaruls hgavs da Zalian didi sifrTxile da zomiereba
sWirdeba.
es yvelaferi ki tyemalma gamaxsena da maSin aba tyemals vin
gaekareboda, Tuki asobiT adamians sjeroda, rom SimSiliT imperiebis damarcxeba SegveZlo. 1988 wlis noembris grandiozuli aqciac kremlis dangreviT dasrulda, roca 29 noembers
radioqselSi xmamaRla da omaxianad wagvikiTxes danebebuli
mixeil gorbaCovis mimarTva qarTveli erisadmi da mTavrobis
saxlis win Tavmoyrilma mravalma aTasma adamianma sixarulis argagonili yiJina dasca. SimSilobis im bolo dRes, 29
noembers, gia Wanturiam sixaruliT amcno demonstrantebs,
rom kremlma ukan daixia da Cven gvjeroda, rom sinamdvileSi
videqiT moskovSi, wiTel moedanze, kremlis win da SiSveli
xelebiT vawvebodiT kremlis kedlebs. rasakvirvelia gvqonda
eWvi, rom marTla gorbaCovma ki ar mogvwera is werili, aramed
adgilobrivma bolSevikebma Seadgines Cveni dasaSoSminebeli
ustari, magram faqtia, rom Cven virwmuneT sakuTari gamarjvebisa da simRer-simReriT daviSaleT Tbilisis quCebSi.
1988 wlis noembris Semdeg saqarTveloSi politikuri partiebi gansakuTrebiT momravldnen da erovnuli moZraobis
yovel aqtiur wevrs (ZiriTad nawils) surda, rom sakuTari
partia hqonoda da im partiis Tavmjdomare Tu prezidenti
Tavad yofiliyo. isini yoveldRiurad Cndebodnen da qrebodnen, ibadebodnen da ikargebodnen... maTi nawili, marTlac,
uaxlesi istoria
ucnauri iyo da erTi partia rusTavelis prospeqtze daJinebiT gvTxovda, uari gveTqva sabWoTa kavSiris moqalaqeobaze da mTavrobis saxlis win yuTic ki idga, sadac sabWoTa
pasporti unda Cagegdo. magram im partiis wevrebs erTi Tvis
mere gaaxsendaT, rom pasporti adamians mainc sWirdeba da mosaxleobisadmi mimarTvis teqstic Secvales _ axla, im yuTTan
rom kaci ijda, imisTvis unda geTqva (Tundac yurSi), rom aRar
gindoda sabWoTa moqalaqeoba da pasportis Cagdeba aucilebeli aRar iyo. im yuTSi Tveebis manZilze mxolod samad-sami
Cagdebuli pasporti im partiis wevrebs ekuTvnodaT, sami adamianisgan rom Sedgeboda, am aqciis organizatorebi rom iyvnen
da TavianTi pasportebi, ubralod, aRaraferSi WirdebodaT.
sxvaTa Soris, samkaciani partia meoce saukunis dasawyisSic
(marTla) arsebobda saqarTveloSi da maSindeli parlamentis
arada imave gasuli saukunis 80-iani wlebis meore naxevarSi,
roca saqarTvelos mitingebisa da demonstraciebis, marTlac,
grandiozulma talRam gadauara, Soreul irlandiaSi politikuri motiviT, marTla bolomde SimSilobdnen adamianebi
da maSin im aqcias 62 irlandielis sicocxle Seewira. SimSili
arasodes yofila Cveni saqme da rac Seni saqme ar aris, imas
bolomde verc verasodes miiyvan. xolo rac Cveni saqme iyo
istoriulad, axlac yvelaze kargad gamosdiT qarTvelebs da
1989 wlis 25 Tebervals Cvenma moragbeebma ise iCxubes sabWoTa miliciis winaaRmdeg, rogorc axla ebrZvian xolme ruseTis nakrebs.
saprotesto aqcia erovnul-demokratebma specialurad sergo orjonikiZis ZeglTan daniSnes da mamuka giorgaZes moragbeebi mohyvnen da Setakeba iyo Zalian sastiki.
(igive damfuZnebeli krebis) oqmebSic dasturdeba maTi gvarebi: zandukeli, sundukianci da Cemodanovi...
Tumca rekordi mainc Cveni droisa iyo, radgan maSin orwevriani partiac ki gaCnda, romlis wevrebic rigrigobiT da permanentulad SimSilobdnen. ar azustebdnen ras iTxovdnen, magram
hqondaT erTadgiliani karavi, romelsac samaias baRSi gaSlidnen
xolme da erT dilasac morige moSimSiles Ria cis qveS gaeRviZa.
mas karavi damwvari daxvda (mTlianad) da mTeli qalaqi saprotesto aqciebiT aikles _ xelisufleba Riad da aSkarad gvebrZvis _ partiis erT-erT liders cecxli waukideso. iyo muqara
mTavrobis dauyovnebliv gadadgomis Sesaxeb, iyo cema da mowodebebi, xelisuflebis damxobis mizniT da es yvelaferi manam
grZeldeboda, sanam damwvarma moSimSilem ar aRiara _ daRlili
viyavi (SimSilisgan) da im Rames sigaretiT xelSi CameZinao...
saqarTvelos gasabWoebis (da sinamdvileSi aneqsiis) dRes
bolSevikebi gansakuTrebuli zar-zeimiT aRniSnavdnen xolme. 1989 wlis 25 Tebervali ki, pirvelad uaxlesi saqarTvelos istoriaSi, araoficialurad gamocxadda glovis
dRed da saqarTvelos sabWoTa xelisuflebac amitomac iyo
im dRes gansakuTrebulad daundobeli. Cven vapirebdiT qaSueTTan Sekrebas da universitetamde msvlelobis mowyobas,
romelic universitetis ezoSi didi mitingiT unda dasrulebuliyo. qaSueTTan Sekreba ki SevZeliT, magram universitetisaken msvlelobiT moZraoba Zalian gagviWirda. yovel
oc nabijSi gvixdeboda miliciasTan da jarTan Setakeba
da brZola. gzadagza CxubSi (orive mxridan) imdeni xalxi
monawileobda, saxeebis garCeva Wirda da saSinel kivilsa
da ubedurebaSi, CemTvis sruliad moulodnelad, Cems win
cxeli Sokoladi
123
uaxlesi istoria
dedaCemi aRmoCnda. rogorc Cans, saxeze yvelaferi Sematyo,
xma ar amouRia da mxolod TvalebiTa da Tavis moZraobiT
maniSna, saxlSi wamodio. pasuxis gacema ver movaswari da
talRam erTmaneTs dagvaSora. yvelaferi erTmaneTSi airia
da sadRac rusTavelis TeatrTan, kvlav SemTxveviT, isev
erTmaneTis pirispir aRmovCndiT. gamometyveleba, ra Tqma
unda, waSlili mqonda da dedaCemma zustad iseTive moZraoba gaakeTa TaviT da TvalebiTac igive miTxra _ saxlSi
wamodio. pasuxis gacema kvlav ver movaswari da areulobam
kvlav dagvaSora erTmaneTs. zemelze gansakuTrebuli mondomebiT gvcemes, Tumca, Cveni SeCereba mainc ver SeZles da
gzas universitetisaken mainc mivikvlevdiT. dedaCemi epizodurad kidev Semxvda ramdenjerme da zustad is gaakeTa,
rac manamde. vicodi kidec, rom Tavs ar damanebebda, radgan
dedaCems (iseve, rogorc yvela qarTvel dedas) Zalian unda,
rom misma Svilma bednier qveyanaSi icxovros, magram urCevnia (rogorc yvela qarTvel dedas) am bednierebisaTvis
sxvisma Svilma ibrZolos.
Cven ki gavaRwieT universitetamde (ramdenime kacma), magram Cais saxlTan (Cais saxli calke istoriaa) avtobusebiT
is ocdaxuTi Tebervali mgoni yvelaze magari dRe iyo
CvenTvis da qarTveli moragbeebic gansakuTrebulad mgoni mas Semdeg Semiyvardnen. Cven movaxerxeT CagveSala dapyrobis dRe, romelsac qarTveli komunistebi 1921 wlidan
zeimiT aRniSnavdnen xolme da es mgoni iyo Cveni pirveli
namdvili gamarjveba. Tumca es ar iyo ruseTis mier saqarTvelos pirveli dapyroba da im pirvel aneqsias, tragizmis
garda, erTi komikuri detalic axlda Tan, romelsac yovelTvis gvimalavdnen.
ruseTis imperator aleqsandres manifesti qarTvel Tavadaznaurobas 1801 wels sionis taZarSi waukiTxes da vinaidan maSin
rusuli aravin icoda (garsevan WavWavaZis garda), qarTvelebmac
ver gaiges, rom im manifestiT maTi mSobliuri samefo uqmdeboda (damoukidebel taxtTan erTad) da amitomac manifesti mSvidad da auRelveblad moismines. magram manifestis bolos iyo
imperator aleqsandres titulebis CamonaTvali, romelic qarTvelebisTvis sruliad moulodneli sityvebiT damTavrda. im
miwebis konkretuli dasaxelebis Semdeg, romelic aleqsandres
mflobelobaSi Sedioda, naxmari iyo sityva proCie, romelic
orjer meordeboda, radgan maTi CamonaTvali Zalian didi iyo.
gadaketes gza da kordonis garRveva ukve SeuZlebeli gaxda.
xalxis zRva avtobusebs iqiT aRmoCnda da aqeT _ milicia, roman gvencaZe, Cemi ramdenime megobari da me. roman gvencaZe,
megafoniT xelSi, xmamaRla aZlevda miTiTebebs Tavis milicielebs da gaubedavad vTxove, iqneb namdvili megafoni xelSi
damaWerinoT-meTqi. baton romans gaeRima, `megafonis unaxavi~
miwoda, magram mainc maTxova da irakli wereTeli ki Cemze xami
gamodga. is megafoni xelidan gamomglija, kordonTan miirbina da brZanebis molodinSi myof milicielebs xmamaRla misca
miTiTeba _ kordoni gaexsnaT da xalxi gamoetarebinaT.
xalxis talRas dedaCemic gamohyva da roman gvencaZesTan
erTad, karga xans gvsdies megafonis dasabruneblad. swored
im dRes, mitingis dawyebamde irakli wereTeli RimiliT dapirda baton romans _ damoukidebel saqarTveloSi policiis
ufrosad swored Tqven dagniSnavTo...
mokled, manifesti sruldeboda ruseTis imperatoris zogadi
tituliT, romelic iyo mflobeli imdeni miwebisa, rom yvelas
verc moixseniebdnen _ i proCie i proCie...
am dros qarTuli sazogadoeba Turme jer daiZaba da mere
uceb viRacam xmamaRla iyvira _ am sityvas Cven rogor gvakadrebs ruseTis xelmwifeo da xmlis amoRebac daapira, magram
ukve gviani iyo, radgan qarTvel Tavad-aznaurobas sionSi
Sesvlamde CamoarTves iaraRi da gareT ki SeiaraRebuli rusis jari idga. sioni alyaSi iyo da Seuracxyofili qarTvelebi ki gaognebuli usmendnen rusi generlis axal brZanebas
maTi dapatimrebis Sesaxeb. erekle mefe cocxali aRar iyo
da solomon lioniZes aba vin daujerebda, miuxedavad imisa,
rom rusebs ukve dangreuli hqondaT bagratis taZari da bagratis dangrevas ki dRemde Turqebs abraleben Cveni istorikosebi...
124 cxeli Sokoladi
cremliani saTvale
ilustracia: maia sumbaZe
giorgi gvaxaria
nawili ocdameTormete
2004
wilnayaria RmerTTana
ra siyvarulobana autydaT Jiuris sxdomis dros?! ase Tu anawileben prizebs, marTali uTqvams im Cvens bobola kinoreJisors,
dasavleTis kinofestivalebze yvelaferi Cawyobiliao.
Seeqceva, raTa mere, sruliad Sveicaria da sruliad msoflio vitaminebiT mdidari, naxvretebiani yveliT gaaxaros.
bavSvobaSi gvaswavles, sikvdili an samoTxea, an jojoxeTio.
filmebze msjelobdnen _ viRacas pozicias uwunebdnen, viRacas
nionis xuTvarskvlaviani sastumros aivanze vijeqi CemTvis, la-
gadaRebis teqnikas, viRacaze Tqves, Tavis Tavs ewinaaRmdegebao
mazad, vucqerdi Jenevis tbaze mofarfate Toliebs da erTi kargi
da Tan, xelebs usvamdnen erTmaneTs. pauzebis dros xom saerTod,
azri momivida TavSi _ ai, SarSanwin toledos viwro quCebma rom
ramdenime wuTiT nomerSi adiodnen da Calurjebul-CayviTlebu-
SemaSines, damfrTxali rom Sevvardi iglesia del santo tomeSi Cemi
li TvalebiT brundebodnen Jiuris morig Sekrebaze.
sayvareli `grafi orgazis dasaflavebis~ sanaxavad da iman sul rom
biWi, ocdaaTamde wlis poloneli dokumentalisti iaceki, pir-
gamixeTqa guli... verc espanurma Rvinom rom ver miSvela da sul
vel sxdomaze, roca nionis festivalis direqtorma, erika de
wivil-kiviliT, ginebiT davuyevi cicabo daRmarTs rkinigzis sadgu-
hadelnma Jiuris wevrebi erTmaneTs gagvacno, xan frangulad
risken, raTa rogorme mexsna Tavi am koSmarisgan... erTsa da imaves
laparakobda, xan inglisurad, xan rusulad. SigadaSig polonur
ar gaviZaxodi maSin _ `jojoxeTi, jojoxeTi~? hoda, ras vifiqrebdi,
sityvebsac urevda. magram cota xanSi yvela dagvikida _ saRamos
me, codvili, rom male samoTxeSic amovyofdi Tavs _ im samoTxeSi, romelsac gamudmebiT gvpirdebodnen Cveni,
RvTismSoblis wilxvedri qveynis liderebi, mas
`me minda viswavlo sicocxle~ - derida
Semdeg, rac erTmaneTs `gadaagdebdnen~ xolme.
darwmunebuli iyo, rom swored marqsizmma daisaxa
vaa... xom ambobdnen, Tu Wkvianad moviqceviT,
saqarTvelo male Sveicaria gaxdebao?
es miznad. magram sicocxles, romelic aTas
ra aris saWiro imisTvis, rom es dapire-
realobad, aTas enadaa daSlili, ver iswavli.
SegiZlia iswavlo mxolod dasrulebuli, - e.i.
sikvdili da mxolod sxvisi gamocdileba. magram,
ba asruldes? pirvel rigSi sakonstitucio
cvlilebebi, raTa xalxis didi ndobiT xelisuflebaSi mosulma umravlesobam swrafad
miiRos gadawyvetileba da dro ar dakargos
destruqciul, ufro sworad, `dekonstru-
vinaa es `sxva~, vinc es icis?
qciul~ polemikaze. cxadia, am dros iqmneba
saSiSroeba, mediidan Semogition viRac-viRa-
banketze Seiyvara es germaneli gogo, umanko, Tu piriqiT, mankieri
cebma da isev dagakarginon dro `Sveicariisken~ mimaval gzaze.
saxeliT maria (saerTod rom ar amouRia xma pirvel Sexvedraze)
Tumca, sanam xalxis ndoba gaqvs, aravin atexavs yiJinas. ase ar
da gaaba romani, romelsac Jiuris kidev erTma wevrma, SavyviTela
moxda? zamTarSi, zustad maSin, roca parlamentma sakonstitu-
indusma maSinve Searqva saxeli _ `safestivalo~.
cio cvlilebebze msjeloba daiwyo, konkretulad ki 3 Tebervals,
`siyvarulobana~ Sveicariis patara qalaq nionSi erTaderTi sa-
telekompania `mzis~ politikurma ToqSou `Ramis mzeram~ eTer-
Sualebaa imisTvis, rom seriozulad ar daiwyo fiqri TviTmkvle-
Si gasvla Sewyvita, 4 Tebervals gadacemis bedi `rusTavis 2~-is
lobaze. aucileblad mogiva TavSi azri _ Tuki ukve var `sikvdil-
`Ramis kurierma~da `mecxre arxis~ Ramis politikurma debatebma
Si~, Tuki ukve vnaxe dalagebuli da dasufTavebuli samoTxe, axla
gaiziares. mere daixura telekompania `iberia~, romlis eTerSi
raRa unda vakeTo? principSi gamosavali aris _ did qalaqSi Segi-
nametani gautkbaT wyevla-krulva opozicionerebs. daapatimres
Zlia daiTeso _ aqedan Jenevamde sul naxevari saaTia matarebliT.
`axali saqarTvelos~ mrisxane mowinaaRmdege, basil mkalaviSvili,
magram iq raRa dagrCenia? marcxniv gaixedav _ bankia, marjvnivac
zed miayoles Zveli xelisuflebis ramdenime Cinosani, am Cinos-
bankia, win _ Jenevis tba, romelsac RirSesaniSnaobis iluziis Se-
nebis megobar-naTesavi biznesmenebi, safrangeTidan Camoiyvanes
saqmnelad Sadrevani daadges Tavze. ho, kidev policielebi dadian
wesieri da kopwia qali, axali sagareo saqmeTa ministri, gamoa-
velosipedebze, grZel SortebSi. Zroxac ki, lamis erTaderTi co-
saxles `iveriidan~ devnilebi, qalaqis xeds rom `abinZurebdnen~
cxali arseba Jenevisken mimaval gzaze, umoZraod da uxmaurod
TavianTi sarecxiT da samoTxisken mimavalma cicabo daRmarTma
akeTebs Tavis saqmes _ vitaminebiT mdidar, gaprialebul balaxs
nel-nela daiwyo gasworeba.
126 cxeli Sokoladi
cremliani saTvale
ra xdeba, roca toledos borcvis msgavsi jojoxeTidan Zirs
eSvebi... toledoSi Tu ar yofilxarT, sizmari xom ginaxavT ase-
gustav mesame bal-maskaradis dros mokles sakarnavalo niRbebSi
gamowyobilma mtrebma.
Ti? sirbil-sirbiliT miuyvebi daRmarTs da gzas giRobaven ma-
`adio~, `adio~... klaustrofoburi toledodan roca gamorbi-
jlajunebi, isev sqeli galavniT SemosazRvrul cixe-simagreSi
xar, es sityvebi, es musika jojoxeTTan damSvidobebis iluzias
rom undaT Seni SeTreva. Tuki siCqare kargad gaqvT aRebuli, ver
giqmnis.
gagiswordebian. aris, ra Tqma unda saSiSroeba, gamarjvebisa da
ufro sworad, me miqmnis.
siCqaris eiforiaSi realobis grZnoba dakargoT da maTTan Widil-
imaT, saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrebma, CemsaviT operas mia-
Si raRac Zalian arapopularuli wamogcdeT. kaxa lomaiasaviT
niWes upiratesoba _ oRond gadakeTebuls da gamsubuqebuls.
TqvaT, magaliTad, nebismieri adamianis religiuri mrwamsi misi
`ganaTebuli mTa-bari~, romelic yvelaferTan erTad, `RmerTTan
piradi saqmea, amitom ar gagcemT kiTxvaze pasuxs, var Tu ara mar-
wilnayaria~ Turme...
Tlmadidebelio, anda, qalaqis axladdaniSnuli meriviT, zurab
samoTxea es, aba ra aris!
WiaberaSviliviT gadawyvitoT moZraobis axali `marSrutis~ daka-
oTariko ambobda xolme, WumburiZe. germaniaSi gadaxvewis win.
noneba varazis xevSi... aqac gamogideben fexs da raRac-raRacebs
`ra jandabad minda, sali kldeebi, sadRac samoTxe Tu megule-
gagaxseneben.
bao!~. hoda, Seismines es sityvebi saqarTvelos parlamentSi. `sali
magram endeT Cems gamocdilebas. jojoxeTidan Tavis daxsna Tu
kldeebi~ axla `ganaTebulma mTa-barma~ Secvala.
gindaT, jobia daTvreT, rame Zalian magari dalioT, raTa, RmerT-
6 maiss mixeil saakaSvilma baTumelebs mimarTa: `Tqven erT-erTi
ma daifaros, SiSisgan `xalastoiSi~ ar CaagdoT siCqareebis Tqveni
unikaluri xalxi xarT msoflioSi. is, rac Tqven gaakeTeT am dRe-
patara, magram ukve karga magrad gacveTili kolofi.
ebSi, vis gaukeTebia, ase, usisxlod?~
bolos da bolos, daRmarTze saSiSia ase siaruli. SeiZleba muxruWebma gimtyunoT.
mTavari isaa, rom Seni unikaluroba igrZno da darwmunde, Seni
wilnayari mTa-bari yvelaze metadaa ganaTebuli... anu, Sen ukve
swor gzaze roca gaxvalT, CajdebiT matarebelSi, an avtobusSi
da gauyvebiT samoTxis mimarTulebas. simRerisa da leqsis TanxlebiT es gza gansakuTrebiT sasiamovno xdeba.
me, magaliTad, toledodan madridisken mimaval gzaze,
xar Sveicaria!
hoda, nionis xuTvarskvlaviani sastumros aivanze roca vijeqi lamazad da kamkama Jenevis tbas Sevyurebdi (Tavisi yru-munji
ia-
ToliebiT), baTumi gamaxsenda. ra jandaba mindoda am simkvdareSi?
baTumSi mainc wavsuliyavi. Tanac, maisidan
aWaraSi `vizac~ aRar gWirdeba!
saqarTvelos parlamentis wevrebma, CemsaviT operas
mianiWes upiratesoba - oRond gadakeTebuls da
siyvarulobana? eg ambavi ase advilad rom
gamomdiodes, kinomcodne ki ar gavxdebodi.
Tumca
`siyvarulobana~,
romelic
nionis
gamsubuqebuls. `ganaTebuli mTa-bari~, romelic
dokumenturi filmebis Jiuris wevrebs Soris
yvelaferTan erTad, `RmerTTan wilnayaria~ Turme...
gaimarTa, `bal-maskaradis~ libretomdec ki
ver qaCavda.
samoTxea es, aba ra aris!
festivalis gaxsnis win sastumros vestibiulSi
Segvyares
da
gamogvicxades,
rom
odesRac saxelganTqmuli nionis kinoforumi
ffasian `volkmenSi~ verdis `bal-maskaradis~ finaluri ansam-
gakotrebis pirasaa, amitom Jiuris wevrebs gasamrjelos gareSe
blis mosmena varCie, roca kacebis xmauri da TiTqmis autaneli
mogviwevs muSaoba. `samagierod saukeTeso restornebSi gasadile-
fortisimo, gundisa da
bT da gavaxSmebT~ _ daamata erikam.
yvelaze lamazi Savkaniani sopranos,
martina aroios `SelocviT~ icvleba. bevrjer gavbrazebulvar
am erikam, Tavisi meore naxevriT, berlinis kinofestivalis yo-
bernardo bertoluCize, magram rogorc ki maxsendeba, rom Ta-
fili direqtoriT, moric de hadelniT, erTxel ukve gamxvia Sar-
visi `mTvare~ man `bal-maskaradis~ swored am CanaweriT, swored
Si _ didi xnis win, Cems pirvel `berlinaleze~. imxanad, meore
aroios xmiT daasrula, egreve miCuydeba guli italiel maCod
erikasTan, berlinis festivalis `damatebis~ _ `forumis~ dire-
gadaqceul odesRac meamboxe samocianelze, romelmac didi
qtorTan, erika gregorTan vmegobrobdi. warmodgena ar mqonda,
mondomebis miuxedavad, mainc ver moigo pier-paolo pazolinis
rom `berlinales~ am or seqcias Soris samkvdro-sasicocxlo br-
guli da samyaroze gulacruebulma, `ukanaskneli tango pari-
Zola iyo gamarTuli.
zSi~ gadaiRo.
gregorma `forumis~ romeliRac filmze dampatiJa. ki magram,
`renato, Seni coli udanaSauloa, mas ar uRalatia SenTvis~ _
mag dros rogor movide, sakonkurso filmebs vuyurebT-meTqi...
~Ella e pura: in braccio a morte~... ambobs (mReris) momakvdavi riCardi
Senc aiRe da gamoipareo... asec moviqeci. magram karebSi meore
da mas axla yvela dastiris _ misi mtrebic, da misi megobrebic.
erika, de hadelni SemefeTa. `rogor, Cven festivalze dagpatiJeT,
bostoni, sadac `bal-maskaradis~ moqmedeba viTardeba, juzepe ver-
Tqven ki Sua filmidan gadixarT?~ _ sabWoTa skolis saswavlo
dis, mogexsenebaT, cenzuram `Setena~. Tavdapirvelad operis mTava-
nawiliviT momaZaxa. ara, ubralod, erika gregorma mTxova, `fo-
ri gmiri ara mogonili riCardi, aramed Sveciis mefe, gustav mesame
rumis~ filmi menaxa da iq gavrbivar-meTqi.
unda yofiliyo. is kaci, gadatrialebiT, `Frihetstide~-is, e.i. `Tavisu-
axalgazrda viyavi. tyuilebi jer ar mexerxeboda.
flebis epoqa~ rom daasrula SvedeTSi, mere saswrafod rom Secvala
TbilisSi rom Camovedi, moskovidan damirekes da miTxres, es
konstitucia da martodmartom daiwyo reformebi. erTgul axal-
ra saerTaSoriso skandali mogiwyvia, de hadelnebma preskonfe-
gazrdebs Tanamdebobebi dauriga (`droa, Svilebma daiwyon mSoble-
rencia moiwvies da `forumis~ direqcias Jurnalistebis gada-
bze zrunva~) da Zveli monarqebisgan gansxvavebiT, xalxSi gamovida _
bireba daabrales. magaliTad ki Sen, `qarTveli kinokritikosi~
dRis siaxleebs Svedebs axla uSualod mefe acnobda.
mogiyvaneso.
128 cxeli Sokoladi
cremliani saTvale
dro rom gavida, am erikam (de hadelnma), romelic imxanad nio-
Segvemata _ amerikeli prodiuseri qali, janeti (festivalis di-
nis festivalis direqtori iyo, madlierebis niSnad dokumenturi
reqtori mas `jans~ eZaxda). konkursSi ramdenime filmi misi fu-
kinos Sveicariul forumze Jiuris wevrad dampatiJa. fuli ar
liT iyo gadaRebuli, amitom amerikuli suraTebis ganxilvisas,
gadagvixada, magram `kai sma-Wama~ marTla ar mogvaklo.
oTaxidan gadioda xolme.
pirvelive vaxSamze, roca restoranSi sanTlebi dagvinTes da
aSS, indoeTi, safrangeTi, germania, poloneTi, saqarTvelo, bra-
erTdroulad xuTma oficiantma gadawyvita Cveni momsaxureba,
zilia... es araa, cxadia, samyaros modeli, magram nionis festi-
iacekma SeniSna, rom dabneuls meWira xelSi uzarmazari meniu.
valis Jiuris aseTi Semadgenloba mainc aisaxa SedegebSi. yovel
rusuli marto me da iman vicodiT, amitom, mourideblad damiZaxa
SemTxvevaSi egreT wodebuli `gacris~ dros, roca saRamoobiT im
mTel sufraze, jer fasebs Sexede da amaT jinaze, yvelaze Zviri
filmebs vasaxelebdiT, romelTac aRar ganvixilavdiT daskvniT
aiReo.
sxdomaze, kargad Canda _ ramdenic ar unda viZaxoT, globaliza-
swored ase moviqeci. mec da iacekic (Tavisi germaneli satrfoTi). iseTebs vukveTavdiT, rom kerZis motanas marTlac xuT-xuTi
cia, globalizaciao, yvela mainc Tavis kulturas warmoadgens da
mainc Tavisken mierekeba.
oficianti sWirdeboda _ akvariumebs ezidebodnen, magidaze, pa-
frangi _ amerikels ebrZoda da yvelafers akeTebda franguli
tara `kocons~ anTebdnen da Cvens Tvalwin xorcsa da Tevzs wvavd-
programis gasaqaCad. indusi kategoriuli winaaRmdegi iyo poli-
nen. Sampanuri _ oxrad... saukeTeso namcxvrebi, nayini!
tikuri publicistikis da Riad lobirebda filmebs socialur Te-
kidev ar gjeraT, rom samoTxeSi movxvdi?
maze. brazilieli cotas laparakobda, magram araferi moswonda.
es sityvebi, `vozmi samoe dorogoe~, sruliad sakmarisi gaxda
Cven...
imisTvis, rom polonel dokumentalists Cemi guli moego. axla
ara, marTali uTqvams im bobola qarTvel kinoreJisors _ festi-
ukve yovelgvari gaRizianebis gareSe SeiZleboda misi `siyvarulis
valebze yvelaferi CawyobiTaa! daumegobrdeba Jiuris erTi wevri
yureba~.
meores, an, `siyvarulobanas~ gaaCaRebs masTan da Sedegi saxezea _
polonur-germanulma wyvilma marTlac Seamsubuqa Cemi yofa
Sveicarul samoTxeSi. mariam arc franguli icoda, arc rusuli.
megobrebs, Seyvarebulebs aucileblad moewonebaT erTi da igive
filmi.
magram nionis festivalze sul ramdenime
dReSi Seicvala yvelaferi.
`me minda viswavlo sicocxle~ - derida darwmunebuli
10 oqtombers Jiuris frangma wevrma, asako-
iyo, rom swored marqsizmma daisaxa es miznad. magram
vanma kacma, kinodramaturgma, romelic gvarwmunebda triufosTan vmegobrobdio, sauz-
sicocxles, romelic aTas realobad, aTas enadaa
daSlili, ver iswavli. SegiZlia iswavlo mxolod
dasrulebuli, - e.i. sikvdili da mxolod sxvisi
meze axali gazeTebi Semoitana da Jak deridas
gardacvalebis ambavi gvauwya.
`deridam Seicno finaluri dekonstruqcia~
_ aseTi saTauriT gamovida `liberasioni~,
romlis mowinave statia haidegeris citatiT
gamocdileba. magram, vinaa es `sxva~, vinc es icis?
iwyeboda: `sikvdili _ SeuZleblobis SesaZleblobaa~.
brazilielma biWma deridas Sesaxeb arafe-
magram iaceki yvelafers uTargmnida. seansebi roca mTavrdeboda,
ri icoda. cota gaukvirda Cveni `ui~ da `vai~... frangma gviTxra,
sanam `siyvarulobanas~ daiwyebdnen, nionis parkSi vseirnobdiT
kibo hqonda da saSinlad daitanjao. janetma daumata, mag kacma
xolme. beslanis ambebi gavarCieT; `rusTavi 2~-is Jurnaliste-
amerikelebs filosofoa Seayvarao. indusi, is SavyviTela kaci,
bis dapatimrebis ambavi movuyevi. mkiTxes, ramdenad imoqmedebs
`dekonstruqciis mamis~ yvelaze kargi mcodne aRmoCnda _ gagvax-
es skandali qarTul-osur konfliqtzeo. sxvaTa Soris, icodnen
sena, derida ambobda, sikvdili TviTidentifikaciisa da Seucvle-
raRacebi; mariam, aseve dokumentalistma, romelic zamTarSi CeC-
lobis grZnobas amZafrebs, veravin mokvdeba Cems magivrado da si-
neTze filmis gadaRebas apirebda, magram fuls ver Soulobda,
kvdilis dros mainc vaRwev imas, razec sul vocnebobdi _ bolos
icoda, magaliTad, rom seqtemberSi irakli oqruaSvilma (jer
da bolos Cems Tavs mivekuTvnebio.
kidev Sinagan saqmeTa ministrma) gamoacxada, ara maqvs iluzia,
iaceki didxans iyo gaCumebuli. drodadro dgeboda da Tavis
TiTqos cxinvalis problemis mogvareba mSvidobiani gziT gaxdes
sayvarel `gerkuless~ imatebda. magram roca indusma swored de-
SesaZlebelio...
ridas daukavSira wina dRis debatebi, gagvaxsena, rogor imeore-
sayvareli gogo iyo _ didi, kexiani cxviriTa da mokled SeWri-
bda, politikuri realoba ar SeiZleba miviCnioT erTaderTad, es
li TmebiT. erTmaneTis ena ar gvesmoda, magram reaqciebi zustad
yvelaferi politikosebisa da mediis mogonilia, sxva realobebic
erTnairi gvqonda. gansakuTrebiT, roca Sveicariul samoTxeze
arsebobso... iacekma aswia Tavi `gerkulesis~ TefSidan da Zalian
iwyeboda msjeloba. operac uyvarda, CemsaviT. ufro metic, fi-
xmamaRla, Zalian gamoTqmiT da aSkara zizRiT Tqva:
guruli srialiTac ki dainteresda. es ukanaskneli ki sruliad
sakmarisia imisTvis, rom mxolod da mxolod kargi davinaxo adamianSi.
festivalis dawyebidan mesame dRes ukve Zalian Seyvarebuli
TvalebiT uyurebda Tavis iaceks.
`marqsisti!~
`marqsis aCrdilebi~, wigni, romelic deridam 1993 wels, komunisturi sistemis dangrevisa da sabWoTa kavSiris daSlisTanave
dawera, ar mqonda wakiTxuli. rom ara nionis es sauzme, ratomRac
Strausis valsis TanxlebiT, patara otelis restoranSi, SeiZle-
Jiuris sxdomebze is SavyviTela indusi Cven ukve `samkuTxeds~
boda arc mogvianebiT wamekiTxa. germanulic ar vicodi, kargad
gveZaxda. Svidkacian JiuriSi sami xma sakmarisi ar iyo gadawyveti-
rom gamego mainc raze iCxubes ase saqveynod, mTeli saerTaSoriso
lebebis misaRebad, magram ramdenime dReSi kidev erTi Tanamoazre
Jiuris Tvalwin iacekma da mariam. ras umtkicebda es gogo ase
130 cxeli Sokoladi
cremliani saTvale
daJinebiT Cems polonel megobars. is ki gavige, rogor uTxra
axlos ar gvakarebdnen, raTa, RmerTma daifaros, rame ar wamo-
frangma, sul ramdenime Tvea rac evrokavSiris wevrebi gaxdiT da
gvcdenoda _ ar gveTqva maTTvis, rom `maxinjia~ is, rasac mucliT
ukve poloneTis gansakuTrebul rolze laparakobTo...sinamdvi-
atareben, an, piriqiT... TiTqos `mesia~ moavlines samyaros. Tumca
leSi isev naxevradkoloniuri qveyana xarT, evrokavSirSi ki imi-
kinoreJisorebTan kontaqts vin Civis _ festivalis bolo dReebSi
tom migiRes, rom iafi muSaxeli da evropis sazRvrebis centridan
programa ise gadaitvirTa, rom fexsalagSic ki ver vaswrebdiT
`gadasrola~ sWirdebodaTo.
Sesvlas. erika karebTan idga, amitom Cemi yoveli cda _ sigaretis
marias vakvirdebodi. pirvelad daeTanxma am frang dramaturgs.
mosawevad gamovsuliyavi darbazidan, direqtoris zrdilobiani
`me minda viswavlo sicocxle~ _ derida darwmunebuli iyo, rom
miTiTebiT mTavrdeboda: _ `dabrundiT darbazSi. sil vu ple!~
swored marqsizmma daisaxa es miznad. magram sicocxles, romelic
Cemgan gansxvavebiT iaceki direqtoris miTiTebas ar emorCile-
aTas realobad, aTas enadaa daSlili, ver iswavli. SegiZlia iswa-
boda. ufro metic, festivalis daxurvamde erTi dRiT adre, mas-
vlo mxolod dasrulebuli, _ e.i. sikvdili da mxolod sxvisi ga-
Tan erTad darbazidan gasvla im amerikelma qalmac daiwyo, `jans~
mocdileba. magram, vinaa es `sxva~, vinc es icis? cxadia, es iqneba
rom eZaxda erika moferebiT.
mxolod mkvdari, anu aCrdili (`aCrdilebis samyaro~ akavSirebs
seansis dros calk-calke Semodiodnen. Tanac, darbazSi bne-
marqsis `manifests~ Seqspiris `hamletTano~ _ SeniSnavs derida).
loda, amitom ver getyviT, ramdenad hqondaT Tvalebi Calurje-
`aCrdili dadis evropaSi, komunizmis aCrdili~ _ moZraobas, si-
bul-CayviTlebuli. is ki faqtia, rom Jiuris daskvniT sxdomaze
vrceSi livlivs gulisxmobs. komunizmi daiwyo, rogorc aCrdili
ukve erTad isxdnen... mere, roca amerikuli programis ganxilva
da darCa rogorc aCrdili _ wers derida. komunizms ara aqvs
daiwyo, jani oTaxidan gavida. iacekma israel-palestinis kon-
moxazuloba, forma, igi gamWvirvalea. magram am aCrdilis mainc
fliqtze gadaRebul amerikul films dauWira mxari... misi xma
eSiniaT... am aCrdilis SiSiT qmnian nacistur partiebs, am aCrdi-
sruliad sakmarisi gaxda imisTvis, rom festivalis gamarjvebuli
lis SiSiT ewyebaT identifikaciis dakargvis panika, am aCrdilis
amerikuli filmi gamxdariyo _ Sesabamisi premiiT, 60 000 Sveica-
SiSiT omoben da am aCrdilis SiSiT Txzaven leqsebs, romlebmac
riuli frankiT!
unikalurobis iluzia unda Seqmnas... azri igive rCeba. sityvebi
icvleba mxolod: guSin `ia drugoi takoi strani ne znaiu~... dRes
_ `wilnayaria RmerTTana!~
ase icis `siyvarulobanam~. miT umetes, Tuki misi mamoZravebeli
Zala myari da dRemde Seuryvneli fuli _ Sveicaruli frankia.
amas ar werda derida? im aCrdilebis gadaadgilebas mxolod da
mxolod fuli gansazRvravso.
komunizmi daiwyo, rogorc aCrdili da darCa rogorc
prizebi gaanawiles da banketisTvis daiwyes
mzadeba. mejlisi aqaur skolaSi gaimarTa.
aCrdili - wers derida. am aCrdilis mainc eSiniaT... am
tradiciis Tanaxmad, festivalis monawilee-
aCrdilis SiSiT qmnian nacistur partiebs, SiSiT omoben
bi, Jiuris wevrebi da kinomanebi banketze ara
frakebsa da saRamos kabebSi, aramed sakarna-
da am aCrdilis SiSiT Txzaven leqsebs, romlebmac
valo kostiumebSi unda gamocxadebuliyvnen.
unikalurobis iluzia unda Seqmnas... azri igive rCeba.
megona maria droze adre datovebda festivals, magram mejlisze mainc movida.
sityvebi icvleba mxolod: guSin `ia drugoi strani
takoi ne znaiu~...dRes - `wilnayaria RmerTTana!
karnavali ar Sedga. ramdenime giJi kinomanis garda yvela Cveulebrivad iyo Cacmuli.
mariac mSvenier xasiaTze iyo. miuxedavad imisa, rom axla ukve polonur-amerikuli wyvili
e.i. marTlac daumarxavi mkvdaria sabWoTa kavSiri? marTla aCr-
mTeli festivalis Tvalwin Seudga `siyvarulobanas~ _ Sveica-
dilia? ai, es Cveni qarTul-polonuri Zmobac, Tvalis Cakvra Svei-
riul Sokolads utenidnen erTmaneTs pirSi da dalidas simRera-
carul restoranSi... esec `gadmonaSTia~?
ze raRac `sirtakis~ msgavss cekvavdnen.
arada, xom aSkarad gavugeT erTmaneTs? erTxel, nionis tyeSi
seirnobisas, anjei vaidas `dantoni~ gavixseneT _ revoluciaze,
molodini roca ar amarTlebs, melodrama roca ar Sedgeba, aucileblad unda daTvre, Sens intuiciaSi eWvi rom ar Segeparos.
romelic Tavis Svilebs `Wams~ da revolucionerebze, romle-
asec moviqeci. davTveri (lamazad) da warmovidgine, ra ambavi
bic xalxis saxeliT iwyeben laparaks. imazec SevTanxmdiT, rom
atydeboda, ara am `simkvdareSi~ _ Sveicariul samoTxeSi, saxel-
Tuki postkomunisturi epoqis mmarTvelebi ar gaiTvaliswineben
ganTqmul (Tumca, gakotrebul) kinofestivalze, aramed sadme,
gansxvavebuli realobebis arsebobas, xalxSi isev gaCndeba warsu-
ufro karg adgilas _ meTvramete saukunis bostonSi, an, gustav
lis nostalgia...
mesamis SvedeTSi rom gamarTuliyo es banketi. evropeli da ameri-
raRac amis msgavss ar werda derida? ram aRaSfoTa Cemi poloneli megobari? iqneb ubralod daiRala Sveicariul samoTxeSi, ase,
keli qalebi erTmaneTs daereodnen. xanjliT gangmiruli poloneli biWi ki SesZaxebda: `adio~, `adio~
umoZraod yofniT, sadiliT, xuT-xuTi oficiantisa da sanTlebis
magram vin misca amaT scenaze TamaSis unari? aseTi ambebi SeiZ-
TanxlebiT, vaxSmiT, romelic ormocdaaTi Sveicariuli frankis
leba mxolod iq moxdes, sadac vnebebi uyvarT _ iq, CemTan, RmerT-
Rirebulebis desertiT da afrikel bavSvebze Sewuxebuli saubriT
Tan wilnayar mTa-barSi. marTlac, ra jandabad minda `sxva qveynis
mTavrdeboda xolme. daiRala da Juliet binoSis gmiris Tqmisa ar
samoTxe~, roca samSobloSi namdvili opera melodeba.
iyos, `yofierebis autanel simsubuqeSi~ (pirobas vdeb, am qals sul
male aRar vaxseneb), Tavisianebi, e.i. `sustebi~ moenatra?
ramdenime Tve gavida. iaceki TebervalSi, berlinis kinofesti-
ara. namdvilad marTali Tqva im Cvenma bobola kinoreJisorma.
valze vnaxe. evrokavSiris fuliT films viRebo. eg miTxra da
nionis festivalze dapatiJebuli kinoreJisorebi Jiuris verdi-
miayola: `es ra xdeba TqvenTan? sad gagonila, ocdameerTe sauku-
qts ise elodnen, rogorc fexmZime qali 9 Tvis gasvlas. am xalxs
132 cxeli Sokoladi
neSi, premier-ministri gazis gamaTbobliT igudebodes?~
Jizneni aerobika
avtori: aka morCilaZe
erT-erTi daviwyebuli, anda, mgoni, ufro SeumCneveli, vidre daviwyebuli ambavi, im drois TbilisSi is iyo, rom poloneTidan moWidaveTa Sou Camovida da sportis sasaxleSi
warmodgena gamarTa.
es Sou Tavisi xalxmravlobiT ver Seedreboda suzi kvatros
koncerts, magram ucxouri Sou ki iyo da misi gamoCena TbilisSi gamanadgureblad dasrulda.
moWidaveTa ansambli, igive pro resTlingi dRes, albaT, yvelas unaxavs nairgvar arxebze, Tumca am seirs, cota ar iyos,
specifikuri mayurebeli hyavs.
pro resTlingi ZvelisZveli sacirko Widaobis STamomavalia
da sinamdvileSi akrobatuli Soua, romelsac saSineli ierisa da ganuzomeli odenobis kunTebis mqone kacebi da qalebi
atareben mayurebelTa gasarTobad. aq aris cru dartymebi da
Widaobis akrobatulive ileTebi. metic, mTels Sous Tavisi
scenari aqvs xolme da hyavs viTom Cempionebi, viTom galaxulebi da ase dausruleblad. mokled, cirkia.
sabWoTa kavSirSi es pro resTlingi iwodeboda ketCad. qeC,
ez iu qen qeC, aseve amerikul sanaxaobad iyo cnobili, ufro
sworad, saseiro Cxubad, romelSic yvelaferi modioda. anu,
134 cxeli Sokoladi
dRes rom boi bez pravil arsebobs da erTxans TbilisSiac
rom tardeboda, imis msgavsi raRac.
oRond, sabWoTa sportul presaSi es ori rame, mgoni, erTmaneTTan iyo gaigivebuli da pro resTlingis Souebi, aqaur
propagandaSi, pirdapir sisxlian Cxubad warmoisaxeboda. anu,
Cxubad sikvdilamde, rogorc werdnen. gladiatorebio.
swored im xanebSi, videoze gamoCnda erTi ubralo amerikuli filmi, `kalifornieli Tojinebi~, romelSic namdvil da
ara dadgmul brZolebSi monawile gogonaTa wyvilis ambavi iyo
moTxrobili. maT mwvrTnels piter falki TamaSobda, SemdgomSi Cvens telvizorebSi kolombod cnobili msaxiobi.
mokled, ase iyo Tu ise, es moWidaveTa Sou Camovida da
sportis sasaxleSi Sou gamarTa.
Sou CaiSala.
mravlad mosuli Tbiliseli axalgazrdoba namdvil, sisxlian
sanaxaobas eloda, sinamdvileSi ki Cxubs mimsgavsebuli akrobatika SerCa xelT da sruliad ver gaigo misi arsi. ubralo
mizezis gamo ver gaigo, _ ar icoda, rom es Janri arsebobda.
vin icoda? anda saidan unda scodnoda?
im Souze namyofma biWma miTxra, viTom urtyamdnen erTma-
erTxel in jorjia
neTso, axtebodnen Tavzeo, gamoqandebodnen da waqceuls daaskdebodnen RrialiTo da am dros ki, ar daaskdebodneno.
hoda, mayurebels ufiqria, gvabiTureben esenio, erTmaneTs
ar asisxlianeben, bileTebi ki gvayidineso da amtydara erTi
stvena, dascxeT erTmaneTso.
imaT Zveleburad gaugrZelebiaT, aba, marTla xom ar daasisxlianebdnen erTmaneTs. Tanac, ar mgonia im wlebis polonur resTlingis Sous imgvari ostatoba hqonoda, rom halk
hogans da misnair moWidaveebs miaxloeboda.
hoda, wamovida ficarnagisken madliani sabWoTa xuTkapikianebis setyva, kai mZime, namdvili spilenZisa da atyda erTi gineba da stvena. gvatyueben, gvatyuebeno _ gulisTqma es iyo.
ase gansajeT, viRacebs ganTqmuli lisiCkebic, Savtariani
jibis danebic ki gaumetebiaT, oRond, sabednierod, dakecili.
isinic ki mifrinavda ficarnagiskeno.
mokled, am polonelebma mococxes gasaxdelisken, TavianTi
bicepsebianad da aRarc gamosulan, egrec damTavrda TbilisisTvis is erTaderTi pro resTlingis Sou.
isini Tavis saqmes akeTebdnen, magram eseni sxva rames elodnen.
ase gamigonia es ambavi maSindeli biWebisagan, Torem pro
resTlingi imden xans miyurebia, rom jamurad sicocxleSi
oci wuTi ar gamova.
eh, ramdeni rame ar vicodiT, TviT iseTi sisulelec ki,
rogoric pro resTlingia. hoda, amitom, vbrazdebodiT. roca
ar ici, mgoni brazdebi. Tan sxvaze. yovel SemTxvevaSi, CvenTan
asea.
im dros, perestroika rom erqva, adamiani dReSi igebda imden ambavs, mTeli cxovreba rom ar gaego. rusuli Jurnalebi
ukve yvelafers beWdavdnen, xolo qarTuli gazeTebi _ Cveni
damoukideblobis dakargvis ambebs, emigrantebis istoriebs
da kidev uamrav sxva raRacas.
marTla magari dro iyo am mxriv, simarTleebis Setyobis
dro, oRond, rogorc es pro resTlingi, iseve aTasi sxva ramec bevr adamians aRizianebda. saerTod, siaxle ar iyo iseTi,
maincdamainc sixaruliT rom Sexvdeboda kaci. bevri mrisxanebiTac xvdeboda.
Tanac cxovrebis pirobebi dRiTi dRe uaresdeboda.
Svarcnegers da stalones ukve televizorSi aCvenebdnen.
manamde, sul dedas aginebdnen, gansakuTrebiT stalones vietnamze, mere ki avRaneTze gadaRebuli suleluri baevikebis
gamo. es sityvac gaCnda, baeviki. videogaqiravebis salonebSi
aseve ewera filmebs, baevik, komedia, Jizneni. Jizneni melodramebs ufro erqva. sad aris axla videoprakatebi?
bolos gadavawydi delisis metrosTan, gastronomSi. arc
ise didi xnis win iyo. ewyo erTi orasi Savi kaseta. weli aRar
maxsovs, swored is dro iyo, kubrikis bolo filmi rom gamovida, `farTod daxuWuli Tvalebi~ da im kacs vkiTxe, xo ar
gaqvs-meTqi. maqvso, oRond cudi xarisxiao, Tan is varianti
ara maqvs, dauWreli rom ariso.
mgoni, karga xans SemorCa es videogaqiravebebi.
maSin, videogaqiravebebTan erTad, aqa-iq videoklubebi Tu
videobarebic arsebobda. iyo moyuCebulad erotikebis triali yofili kulturis saxlebis ukana oTaxebSi da arakulturis saxlebis wina oTaxebSic. aseT videobarebSi erTi miWramoWrebic xdeboda xolme, iq daTrobebi da mTeli ambebi iyo.
komerciuli maRaziebi, snikersi. mgoni pirveli snikersi
iyo, xom? am axal rameebSi. magram aba, molodini iyo, rom ra-
Rac ganumeorebeli unda Semovides da araferi didad ganumeorebeli ar iyo, arc snikersi da arca kidev sxva rameebi.
kargi iyo, magram cxovreba fuWdeboda da es kargi Zviri iyo.
yvelaze magari ram, rac im wlebSi gaCnda, CemTvis kirovis
parkis wignis bazroba iyo. rac ki ram ruseTSi wigni gamodioda, yvelaferi iyideboda. kai Zviri iyo iqac, magram Tu ver
iyiddi, daaTvalierebdi mainc.
saerTod, mgoni is wlebi, wignebis wlebi iyo. wignebma Zalian
bevri ram gaakeTa. zogadad, imdroindel sabWoTa kavSirSi,
Torem, CvenTan ra gaakeTa, namdvilad ver vityvi gamokveTilad. ver vxvdebi da imitom.
rac ki ram akrZaluli iyo, anda, rac ki ram ar gamodioda
sabWoTa kavSirSi, yvelaferi pirdapir kirovis parkis vardisfer xreSze efina. anda, rogor moaxerxes ase ucbad.
es magari iyo.
erTi mxriv es nakadi Semodioda, meore mxriv, iyo quCis ambis
gamococxleba. raRaca icvleboda im Camoyalibebul da gamocdil urTierTobebSi. Tanac, qveyana xom ar idga. erovnuli
moZraoba mets da mets akeTebda.
Catanugas dReebi. gaxsovT, ra iyo Catanugas dReebi? eg iyo
1988 wlis adriani Semodgoma. TbilisSi Camovidnen sul nairgvari amerikelebi. amindebi iyo gadasarevi. iyo samecniero
konferenciebi da koncertebi da, mgoni, pirveli gadamRebi
jgufebi amerikuli telekompaniebidan. raRac organizacia
iyo, `frendSif forsi~, imis meSveobiT Tbiliselebis ojaxebSi amerikelebi cxovrobdnen. mere qarTvelebi cxovrobdnen
amerikelebis ojaxebSi. mokled, raRac gacvlebi da gasvlebi
iyo.
oRondac, es Catanuga ra iyo, ar vici. mgoni qalaqia. ratomRac ase damamaxsovrda, rom Catanugao. Catanuga, Catanugao _ yvelgan ewera.
maSin pirvelad vnaxe, rogor muSaobdnen amerikeli operatorebi.
erTi kameriT iyo, meore ki, asistenti, msubuqi gasaSleli
kibiT dahyveboda da roca saWiro iyo, mswrafl gauSlida,
operatori ki aZvreboda da zemodan iRebda.
ras iRebda?
ras iRebda da darbevebs.
erTi dRe iyo da dilidan, ramdenime adgilas iyo mitingi,
universitetidan mTavrobis saxlamde. amerikelebi iRebdnen.
amdeni milicia iqamde mxolod stadionze Tu menaxa. universitetis baRi sul alyaSemortymuli iyo. mgoni, es iyo pirveli didi da msoflios dasanaxi xmauri. rusTavelzec sul
milicia iyo. adgil-adgil daereodnen xalxs da dascxebdnen. TviTonac didad ar icodnen ras akeTebdnen. aba, ra unda
scodnodaT rbevis da amis gamo kidev ufro brazdebodnen da
kidev ufro arbevdnen. erTi eg iyo, rom stadionis gamocdileba hqonodaT.
iq iyo ori SemTxveva, roca xalxi gadavida. pirveli, voroSilovgradis `zariasTan~, roca msajma iuSkam samtrod ivaJkaca da meore, baqos `nefTCisTan~ TbilisSi rom wavageT. magram
es orive wlebis win iyo. amas Tu enis mitingsac davumatebT da
iq miliciis simSvides, bevri araferi icodnen rbevisa, gzadagza swavlobdnen. mere da mere, TebervalSi ukve TeTrCafxutianebic gaCdnen, farebic daumzades da komblebic, magram
maSin mxolod formianebi iyvnen.
adgil-adgil is cnobili vasmoi polkic Canda, romelSiac
sul axalgazrdebi iyvnen. mgoni, sul rusebi.
cxeli Sokoladi
135
erTxel in jorjia
yovelTvis raRacnairi gansakuTrebulobiT hyvebodnen
xolme biWebi, vasmoi polkelebTan mogvixda Cxubio. ar vici
am polkis istoria, adgilic iyo TbilisSi, vasmoi polkis pasioloki. merve legionis dasaxleba.
mokled, es amerikelebi ki uyurebdnen da iRebdnen ameebs,
magram aqedan ra xeiri iqneboda, ar vici. albaT is, rom sadme
dokumentur filmebsa da siuJetebSi moxvdeboda es yvelaferi.
maSin albaT zogierTs Tu esmoda, ras niSnavda media.
erTxel gogi gvaxariam `mermisis~ arxze polonuri filmi
aCvena, mgoni ribJinski iyo reJisori, adamianebi sivrculad
moZraobdnen, iwelebodnen, nela da mdored trialebdnen.
es kadrebi damamaxsovrda. mgoni, iq sul sxva ram iyo safiqrali, magram me raRacnairi SegrZneba gamiCnda, rom Cvenc,
yvelani egre viwelebiT da nel-nela davcuravT raRacis garSemo. es SegrZneba karga xans gamomyva, Tumca, mere nelnelobis da aseTi rameebis dro aRar iyo, viRas axsovda ribJinskis
sivrculi moZraobebi.
xo vambob, raRacnairi dro iyo. xalxi uyurebda `vzgliads~ da aseT gadacemebs, yidulobda bevr wignebs da mamaCemma
uzarmazari sagazeTo yuTic ki moitana, zandukiviT.
amdeni Jurnali da gazeTi CveulebrivSi ar eteoda. ar vici,
sxvebi rogor iyvnen, Cven kidev tonobiT fostas viRebdiT da
kiTxvas ver avudiodiT. `saxalxo ganaTleba~ Seiqna ganTqmuli
gazeTi, magaliTad. xom unda gamogewera.
magram umetesi mainc rusuli iyo.
adre Cemi sakiTxavi iyo `lelo~, `savecki sporti~ da `futbol-xokei~, romlis gamowerac Zalian Wirda da romelic maneTad iyideboda kioskebSi, isic, daxlsqveSidan da isic, nacnobobiT. samagierod, kioskebSi Tavisuflad iyideboda `morning
stari~, ingliseli komunistebis gazeTi da `noes doiClandi~,
germaneli komunistebis gazeTi. magram am axal droSi viRas
axsovda `morning stari~ da mis bolo gverdze dabeWdili ingliseli fexburTelebis Sav-TeTri da bundovani fotoebi.
axla, modioda `exo planeti~, `vek dvacati i mir~, `iunosw~,
`novi mir~, `novoe vremia~ da, ra Tqma unda, `aganioki~.
`aganiokze~ uintereso rame Tu arsebobda dedamiwis zurgze, manamde saerTod ar megona. babuaCems sxvenSi hqonda `aganiokis~ da `vakrug svetas~ didi Sekvrebi. `vakrug sveta~ magari iyo, `aganioki~ _ uvargisi.
axla kidev, swored `aganioki~ iyo mTavari.
imavdroulad, qveyana uyurebda korado katanis. iyo aseTi
kaci, policieli. italiuri seriali, la priova, sprut, rvafexa. sprut aZin, sprut dva, sprut tri, sprut Citiri. pirveli damiano damianis gadaRebuli iyo da yvelaze kargi. magram
Semdegebsac uyurebdnen, diliTac da saRamoTic.
me, ZiriTadad, `aganioks~ vkiTxulobdi.
sakvirvelia, magram rac iq stalinze da sabWoTa istoriaze
ewera xolme, TiTqmis vicodi, Cemi megobris mamisgan, romelic
didxans iyo lagerebsa da gadasaxlebaSi. is rasac gviambobda,
me yovelTvis mjeroda. imdenad namdvili iyo da ise hyveboda.
sxvebi ki ambobdnen, mTlad egre ar aris saqmeo, aba, saidan
unda icodes aseTi rameebio. me, ra Tqma unda, ar mikiTxavs,
saidan iciT-meTqi, magram TviTon Tqva, iq yvelam yvelaferi
icodao. marTlac ise iyo, rogorc hyveboda.
yvelaze magari Zia nukris mier moTxrobili stalinis sikvdilis ambavi iyo.
ufro sworad, is, Tu rogor Seityo cimbirSi stalinis sikvdilis ambavi.
136 cxeli Sokoladi
es Setyoba bevr rus mwerals aqvs aRwerili. swored perestroikis dros gamodioda maTi wignebi, dimitri paninisa,
romelic, me rom mkiTxo, solJenicinis saxelgavardnilobis
fonze, ufro sianteresod hyveba da Tan mweralic ar yofila.
anda lev razgonisa, romelic saerTodac wynari mwerali iyo,
anda varlam Salamovisa, romelic... axla, Sors wavalT.
mokled, ase hyveboda Cemi megobris mama:
Saxtaze morige viyavio da gamTeniisas, rom vTavsufldebodi, starostini movidao. starostinebi, oTxi Zma, `spartakis~
fexburTelebi iyvnen, moskovis namdvili varskvlavebi, maT waramara iWerdnen, mgoni ufro imitom, rom `spartaks~ `ceeskasTvis~ da `dinamosTvis~ ar moego.
ho, romeli starostini movidao, eg aRar maxsovs da miTxrao, me ar mcalia, morigeoba maqvs da gexvewebi, sadgurze
wadio, tavarni Camoivliso da Sig kapleri zis, xabarovskSi
midiso da matarebeli sul or wuTs Cerdeba, kaplers kidev
SemouTvlia, Saxtis biWebi damxvdnen, axali ambavi momaqvso.
magari daRlili viyavi morigeobis mereo, magram axali ambavi xom unda gamego da wavedi sadgurzeo. fexze Zlivs videqio
da velodi am matarebels, romelmac, ra gasakviria da, cota
daigvianao. bolos davinaxe rom Semovida da gavvardi baqanzeo. imsigrZe Semadgenloba iyo, Tanac satvirTo, stalipinkebi, sul Caketili karebebiT da modi ipovne axla, romelSia
kaplerio.
mivrbivar da vyviri: lioSa, lioSa...
axla es kapleri xom gaxsovT, vin iyo: stalinis Svilis,
svetlanas pirveli didi siyvaruli. svetlana iyo 16 wlis, reJisori kapleri ormocis. soselom deda utira am romans.
misi legendaruli frazaa:
tvoi evrei akazalsia angliiskim Spionom.
kapleri gadasaxlebuli iyo, oRond CekistebSi blati hqonda, imsiSore cimbiridan moskovSiac ki Caipareboda xolme.
midi-modioda SedarebiT Tavisuflad. ramdenjerme miabrunmoabrunes omis droidan.
hoda, baqani CaTavdao da Cavxti da iqiTken gavrbivar, yvela
vagonTan vyviri, lioSa, lioSao da am dros daiZra matarebelio, ver vpoulob kaplers, arcerTi kari ar iRebao da karga
magraT rom daiZra, davinaxe, rogor gaiRo win erTi kari da
gamoyo iqidan Tavi kaplermao da miyviriso: roma, romao...
me kidev mivrbivar SeSlili, avfofxdi isev baqanze da matarebeli ki svlas umatebs, mSordeba kaplerio da vuyviri:
Cto? Cto?
da iman uceb daiRriala:
_ stalin umer, roma, stalin umer, skora vse doma buZim,
iob ivo maw...
_ Cto? kak? umer!..
_ umer, umer... _ mesmoda Soridan ukveo matareblis xriginSi da mivrbodi uazrod im gamTenias, im yinvaSi, cariel baqanze da marto sadguris viRacebi iyvnen iq da rom gavCerdi,
morbodnen isinic, momdevdnen, ra moxdao.
mereRa Sevityve, starostinebisgan, rom kaplerisTvis es
ambavi erT cnobil Cekists gaemxilao.
ai, egre iyo. ar vici, zustad movyevi Tu ara. istoriul
simarTlesac ver daviCemeb.
ho, dildilobiT televizorSi aerobika iyo.
lentiT Tavwakruli qalebi daxtodnen.
aerobika gviSvelida?
wuTSi rogor CavatioTo. veubnebodi, diaxac, rTulia, magram unda gavakeToT-meTqi.
Tanac es iyo Zalian saintereso ganmasxvavebeli niSani `imedisa~ (im dros `imedi~ jer
kidev mauwyeblobda) da `rusTavi 2~-isagan.
dinamiuri, saintereso da mokle `niusebi~ _
samuSao magidebTan mokalaTebuli, mecnieruli teqstebiT mosaubre politikosebiani niusebis nacvlad. kargadac vimuSaveT...
isev, oqruaSvilis saqmemde. oqruaSvilis
dakavebis Semdeg, es yvelaferi daiviwyes da
isev Zvel stils miubrundnen _ dausrulebel, mosawyen siuJetebs.
opoziciis mxridanac iyo zewola _ moiTxovdnen im siuJetebSi, sadac xelisuflebis warmomadgenlis interviuebi gvqonda,
yvela opoziciuri partiis warmomadgeneli
CagverTo. amas balansic aRar hqvia. es Cveni, Jurnalistebis funqciaa, rom politikur
oponentTagan, yvelaze saintereso pozicia
vaCvenoT da ara yvelas pozicia cal-calke.
da kidev erTi, risi Secvlac vcade, es so-
Jurnalisti
qarTul niusrumSi
cialuri Tematikis wamoweva iyo. mindoda,
axali ambebis politikiT dawyebis tradicia
dagvengria. ver vitan pirvel bloks, ver vxvdebi, ra azri aqvs am ambebis smenas, ra azri
gamoaqvs sazogadoebas, vis sWirdeba saerTod? vambobdi, rom pirvel blokSi pirveli
<<< dasawyisi gv. 46
ubralod, dro ar gaqvs Seni samsaxurebrivi
niusi unda iyos socialuri siuJeti, an eko-
miznebisaTvis daxarjuli Tanxa ainazRauro.
nomika. es Temebi xom yvelaze ukeT asaxavs
_ ra winadadebebi da rCevebi gqondaT s.m.-is
Jurnalistebs amdeni dro ara aqvT, rom we-
qveynis politikur Tu socialur mdgomare-
mmarTvelobisTvis iseTi, romelic ar gaiTva-
ron gancxadebebi, mere am gancxadebam ramde-
obas. amaze mpasuxobdnen, rom xalxi daiRa-
liswines?
nime safexuri gaiaros da yvelam daamowmos
la Sewuxebuli, gaWirvebuli adamianebis yu-
_ aseTi bevri iyo. pirvel rigSi, mindoda
Tanxis gaxarjvis miznobrioba _ ugrZesi pro-
rebiT, maTi problemebiT da rom es Temebi
axali ambebis redaqciaSi ierarqia Segvecva-
cesia. da vin ixdis Jurnalistebis satelefo-
aRaravis ainteresebs. ra ucnauri ambavia,
la da organizaciuli struqtura piramidis
no xarjebs samsaxurebrivi miznebisTvis? vin
aba, ra gainteresebT? s.m.-ze socialuri siu-
principze agvego. rodesac jer aris xelmZR-
da Tavad Jurnalisti. iyvnen Jurnalistebi,
Jetebis gasakeTeblad arasdros saukeTeso
vaneli, mere modian prodiuserebi, redaqto-
romlebic 250 laramde xarjavdnen mxolod
Jurnalists ar uSveben, ratomRac fiqroben,
rebi, qveredaqtorebi da Jurnalistebi. sa-
satelefono saubrebSi, samsaxurebriv sa-
rom politika ufro rTuli gasaSuqebelia.
qarTveloSi erTi vertikaluri xazia da Sua
qmeebze. da am Jurnalistebs 600 lari aqvT
amitom, saukeTeso Jurnalistebsac am Temis-
rgolis menejerebs funqcia aqvT dakarguli.
xelfasi. da iciT, ras viRebT bolos? isi-
Tvis `inaxaven~.
umaRles warmomadgenelsa da yvelaze dabal
ni saerTod aRar rekaven. rodesac sWirde-
axali ambebidan reklamis amoRebac min-
rgols Soris kavSiri pirdapir xdeba. gada-
baT maSinac aRar rekaven, anu aRar akeTeben
doda. vuTxari, modiT, viyoT erTaderTi
wyvetilebebis mimRebi mxolod es umaRlesi
srulfasovnad TavianT saqmes. me Tu mkiTxa-
televizia, visac axali ambebi sareklamo
wertilia. pirvel rigSi es unda Seicvalos.
vT, kompaniisTvis, arxisTvis es ufro didi
Wris gareSe aqvs-meTqi. Tavidan dameTxmnen
danaxarjia. magram verafers gavxdi.
da vcadeT kidec, magram saarCevno kampa-
ai, erTi martivi magaliTi s.m-idan. gavige,
rom fiWur kompaniebs didi organizaciebis-
yovel saaTSi axali ambebis gamoSvebis wi-
nia daiwyo da politikuri reklamebi isev
Tvis specialuri SemoTavazeba hqondaT. es
naaRmdegi viyavi. Zalian didi Secdoma iyo
blokebs Soris Cajda. es udidesi Secdoma
korporatiuli paketi gulisxmobda organi-
axali ambebis ara xarisxze, aramed raodeno-
iyo. gansakuTrebiT, imitom, rom politiku-
zaciis TanamSromlebisTvis erTmaneTSi ufa-
baze aqcentis gakeTeba. Tu ratom gadawyvi-
ri reklamisTvis gacilebiT meti dro erT
so satelefono saubars, rac kompanias mini-
tes ase, amaze mogvianebiT getyviT.
prezidentobis kandidats (mixeil saakaS-
maluri Tanxa ujdeboda. Zalian saintereso
siuJetebis xangrZlivobac Sevcvale da
vils) eTmoboda. xandaxan reklama da siu-
SemoTavazeba iyo, magram veraferi gadawyvi-
standartul 2:30 wuTamde daviyvane. es iyo
Jeti ise gadadioda erTi meoreSi, verafers
tes. gadades samomavlod, ver moicales da
erTaderTi saSualeba meiZulebina Jurna-
gaigebdi. ra Tqma unda, amas yvela Cvens mi-
mere gadaaviwydaT. meore mxriv, mauwyebels
listebi faqtebze moexdinaT koncentracia,
kerZoebulobas miawerda da nel-nela ndo-
Zalian arakomfortuli biurokratiuli apa-
rom ambavi zusti, STambeWdavi da saintereso
bas vkargavdiT. bevrjer vecade mmarTvelo-
rati aqvs. yvela daxarjul kapikze imdeni
yofiliyo. gansakuTrebiT bevrs politikuri
ba gadamerwmunebina. veubnebodi, reklamebis
safexuris da instanciis gavla giwevs, rom,
mimomxilvelebi wuwunebdnen, saTqmeli 2:30
magivrad Cveni `moambis~ promo gavakeToT,
138 cxeli Sokoladi
rom varT erTaderTi axali ambebis redaqcia,
ra Tqma unda, arseboben Jurnalistebi
vinc sareklamo Wris gareSe gadis eTerSi-
Zalauflebis xiblSi rom vardebian, magram
konkurentebis arseboba da axali ideebi,
meTqi. verc am ideiT movxible menejmenti.
vfiqrob, im mizeziT, rom maT zustad am Za-
axali
cxadia,
unda
proeqtebi
gaviTvaliswinoT
unda
Cveni
davupirispiroT.
lauflebasa da pasuxismgeblobaze Zalian
s.m. yvelaze radikaluri cvlilebebisTvi-
_ sazogadoebriv mauwyeblTan erTad Jur-
bundovani warmodgena aqvT. Cven vaxdenT gav-
sac ki yvelaze Sesaferisi adgilia _ misi
nalistebis mTavar funqciazec bevrs kamaTo-
lenas sazogadoebaze, gvaqvs maTi ganaTlebis
reitingi Zalian dabalia _ araferi aqvs
ben. JurnalistTa erTi nawili ambobs, rom
funqciac, magram sazogadoebac axdens gav-
dasakargi. veubnebodi, modiT `gansxvave-
ar SeiZleba Jurnalistebs studentobidan
lenas Cvenze. Cveni eTika ki sadRac SuaSia.
buli~ yofiliyo CvenTvis prioriteti da
vaswavloT, rom maTi funqcia sazogadoebis
arsebobs kanoni, romelic Cven gvakon-
gagveriska, imis safasurad, rom ramdeni-
ganaTlebaa. sxvebi ki gvarwmuneben, rom am
trolebs; cru braldebebis, Worebis wyarod
me weliwadSi ukeT informirebuli, ufro
pasuxismgeblobis aReba aucilebelia. Tqven
gamoyenebis, bavSvTa uflebebis darRvevis,
ganaTlebuli sazogadoeba gvyoloda. mere
rogor fiqrobT?
RvarZliani, zizRnarevi saubris winaaRm-
ra, rom Cveni reitingi mxolod 5%-mde gai-
_ yvela mediaskolaSi specialuri eTi-
deg... dasavlur qveynebSi, Jurnalistis ga-
zrdeboda. Cven gvinda uceb 20%, 50% ga-
kis kursebi arsebobs, sadac Jurnalistebs
vlena/Zalaufleba swored misi ndobisa da
xdes. ki batono, magram rogor? telese-
detalurad uxsnian, ras niSnavs iyo qveynis
kompetenciis proporciulia.
rialebiT, realiTi SouebiT, ToqSouebiT,
meoTxe xelisufleba. da ramdenad Zlieri
sisxliani siuJetebiT, sastiki danaSaule-
SeiZleba iyos Seni gavlena sazogadoebaze. am
_ ris mixedviT xdeboda axali ambebis poli-
bebis gaSuqebiT? es xom ukve aris, `rusTa-
sakiTxis gverdis avla sigiJed mimaCnia, imi-
tikis gansazRvra sazogadoebriv mauwyebel-
vze~, `imedze~ da `mzeze~. raze gvaqvs Cven
tom, rom es realobaa. mediis Zalaufleba au-
ze, iTvaliswinebdnen konkurencias? ras sTa-
gaTvla? isev imaze, rasac sazogadoebas
cilebelia sazogadoebrivi dawesebulebebis,
vazobda gansxvavebuls s.m. mayurebels?
sxva televiziebi ukve didi xania sTava-
industriuli lobis dasabalanseblad da es
_ es Zalian sasacilo ambavia. `rusTavs~ da
zoben. da es sakmaod kargad gamosdiT. ra
Jurnalistebmac unda icodnen. magram, ama-
`imeds~ sakmaod maRali reitingi hqondaT.
gamodis, _ rom Cven manamde vagebT, sanam
ve dros, Jurnalistebma profesiuli eTikis
amitom, ZiriTadad s.m.-ze imis gameorebas
brZolas daviwyebT.
normebi unda davicvaT _ movipovoT infor-
cdilobdnen, rasac es televiziebi akeTebd-
macia samarTliani gziT, vaCvenoT faqtebi
nen, es iyo maTi pasuxi konkurenciaze. raxan
Selamazebis gareSe _ anu araferi davfaroT,
`rusTavi~ amas akeTebs, e.i. Cvenc ase unda
davasaxeloT wyaroebi, gadavamowmoT infor-
gavakeToT, raxan `imedma~ gadawyvita yovel
_ arxis xelmZRvanelic da sainformacios
macia da a. S. ZalauflebasTan erTad arsebo-
saaTSi axali ambebis gaSveba, Cvenc ase movi-
ufrosic yvelaferSi dameTanxmnen. magram
bs uzarmazari pasuxismgeblobac.
qceT. maTi kudebi viyaviT.
mainc veraferi gadawyvites.
_ rogori iyo arxis xelmZRvanelobis pasuxi Tqven SeTavazebaze?
respublikelebis dilema
<<< dasawyisi gv. 52
ratom ideqiT gaerTianebul opoziciasTan erTad? Zalian bevr sakiTxSi Tavidanve aSkara iyo, rom ver TanxmdebodiT...
gaerTianebul opoziciasTan erTad
noemberSi erTi konkretuli miznisTvis viyaviT _ gazafxulze saparlamento arCevnebis daniSvnisTvis. meti rom
ar vTqva, Cveni damsaxureba iyo, rom
oqruaSvilis dakavebidan 2 noembramde periodSi mTavar moTxovnad swored
konstituciur vadebSi saparlamento
arCevnebi Camoyalibda da ara, vTqvaT,
`miSa gadadeqi~ an `vano cixeSi~. im
dros, am moTxovnis garSemo rac meti
politikuri Zala gaerTiandeboda, miT
ukeTesi iqneboda. 2 noembramde uamrav
adamians vxvdebodi, ucxoeTSic, aqac,
burjanaZesac Sevxvdi, da vcdilobdi
damerwmunebina, rom 2 noembramde, sanam
zRva xalxi movidoda da viTareba Seicvleboda, raime eRonaT. mere saakaSvilsac gauWirdeboda daTmobaze wasvla.
es ver moxerxda, ver miiRes gadawyvetileba. 3-Si Sedga opoziciis erT-erTi
sabediswero sxdoma, romelzec, prezi140 cxeli Sokoladi
dentis gadadgomis moTxovnis dayeneba
gadawyda. zRva xalxi idga quCaSi da
maTi muxtis SesanarCuneblad gakeTda
es. Cemi azriT, Tu kidev oriode dRe
ar dadgeboda saakaSvilis gadadgomis
moTxovna da pirveli moTxovna SenarCundeboda, maSin garesamyaro am xalxs
da opozicias sul sxvanairad dainaxavda. dainaxavda, rom quCaSi gaazrebulad, daJinebiT, emociebs arayolili,
solidurad mdgomi xalxi legitimur
raRacas iTxovda. magram gaerTianebuli opoziciis mxridan iyo meore tipis
argumentacia _ Tu Cven moTxovna ar
avwieT, xalxi saxlSi wava. yovelTvis
dgeba es problema, rom xalxi veRar
gagvigebs. sabolood ki, iseTi raRacebi gakeTda, rac xalxma yvelaze metad ver gaigo. saprezidento arCevnebi
uceb gadawyda. Cveni partia, zogadad
prezidentobis instituts vewinaaRmdegebiT, partiaSi ar vzrdiT saprezidento kandidats. gvgonia, Cveni qveynis
momavlisTvis sxva raRacebis gaazrebaa
mniSvnelovani, _ ra unda moxdes, ra
unda Seicvalos, da TiTis gaSvera iqiT,
rom saakaSvili cudi kacia, cudi gogobiWebi hyavs gverdiT, da saWiroa uke-
Tesi prezidenti, situaciis da mdgomareobis gamartivebaa. levan gaCeCilaZis
saarCevno gazeTSi aseTi ram davwere
2007 wlis dekemberSi _ Tu mkiTxavT, vin
SeiZleba iyos qveynis prezidenti xuTi
wlis ganmavlobaSi, getyviT, rom bevri,
magram ara levan gaCeCilaZe. magram Tu
mkiTxavT, vin SeiZleba iyos yvelaze
efeqturi prezidenti uaxloesi eqvsi Tvis ganmavlobaSi, raTa gatardes
sakonstitucio reformamaSin es swored gaCeCilaZea. Tavidanve naTlad da
gulwrfelad vTqvi, rom Cven yvelani,
am formatSi ar varT isini, visac SeiZleba xuTi wliT endoT da Zalaufleba
mogvceT, magram Tu midixarT am droebiT formatze, rom mere saparlamento
arCevnebi CavataroT, maSin Cveni ndoba
SeiZleba.
saparlamento arCevnebma gvaCvena,
rom gacilebiT mZime daavadeba gvWirs
da misi mkurnaloba rusTavelze bevri
xalxiT SeuZlebelia. es erT-erTi formaa, romlis tyveobaSic ar unda iyos
opozicia. kolega opozicionerebisgan
gansxvavebiT, vambobdiT, rom 20 ianvris
aqcia (roca inauguraciis dRes, ipodromze, yinvaSi amdeni xalxi movida,
romelmac icoda, rom aranair revolucias ar vaxdendiT), sazogadoebis mxridan individualurad da koleqtiurad
situaciis gaazrebis mwvervali iyo da
unda SegvenarCunebina rogorc movlena,
romelsac Crdili ar unda midgomoda.
amitomac, amis Semdeg saparlamento arCevnebamde, quCaSi xalxis daZaxeba aRar
iyo saWiro.
erovnul sabWoSi yofnas
TvliT?
Secdomad
5 ianvramde, saprezidento arCevnebamde, Cveni yofna gaerTianebul opoziciaSi, mgoni, swori iyo. rac Seexeba
Semdgom periods, jer erTi, gamosvlis
procesi gaiwela. meore _ Cven ver movaxerxeT dagverwmunebina sxva politikuri partiebi, rom saparlamento arCevnebSi erTianoba sxva formatSi unda
gamoxatuliyo. yvela wina saparlamento arCevnebis Sedegi aCvenebs, rom
amomrCevlis daaxloebiT 30 procenti
midis sadme sxvagan da ara ori mTavari polusisken. gaerTianebul opozicias xelisufleba rom daegdo beWebze,
darCenili 70 procentidan unda mieRo
50 procentze meti. rac principulad
SeuZlebeli iyo, imitom, rom xelisuflebas administraciuli resursiT
30 procentze meti ukve hqonda. Cveni
mcdeloba unda wasuliyo iqiT, rom
zemoT naxsenebi 30 procenti maqsimalurad agveTvisebina. xelisuflebis
mxridan ra moxda, calke saubris Temaa, magram mTelma opoziciam CavTvaleT, rom saprezidento arCevnebze naCvenebi Sedegi xelisuflebis maqsimumi
iyo. xelisuflebam ki CaTvala, rom es
iyo minimumi, romelic unda gaezardaT.
opoziciam maT Seuqmna gancda, rom saakaSvilis paralizebisTvis yvela saparlamento berkets gamoiyenebda. opozicia ambobda _ movalT umravlesobaSi
da saakaSvili aRar iqneba prezidentio.
am radikalurma mesijma xalxis nawilis
guli moigo, magram xelisufleba imdenad SeaSina, rom Semdeg is yvelaferze
wavida.
mindoda oriod sityviT SexebodiT afxazeTis Temasac. ratom ver moaxerxeT respublikelebma Tqveni xedvis mosaxleobamde mitana?
afxazeTis Temaze mokled saubari namdvilad Znelia. saxelisuflebo
propagandistulma manqanam am mimarTulebiT bevri gaakeTa. metic, im koncefciis mTavari avtori, romelsac
mxolod respublikelebs mogvaweren,
kote kublaSvilia. daviT baqraZemac
seriozuli wvlili Seitana am dokumentis daweraSi, magram Semdeg iTxova,
rom misi gvari aRar CaeweraT. Tavad
xelisufleba rogor manipulirebs am
TemiT, is ufro mniSvnelovania, vidre
is, rom Cven raRac iarliyebi mogveweba. am mimarTulebiT sakmaod cudad midis saqme. ar gamovricxav avantiuristul moqmedebas saakaSvilis mxridan,
imitom, rom man 4-5 weli gadaagora
am dapirebebiT, da vSiSob, es ar iyos,
moklevadiani, viTom warmatebis iluziis Seqmna da aman ar miiyvanos saqme
raRac tipis kvanZis gaxsnamde, romelic misaRebi aRmoCndeba ruseTisTvis,
dasavleTisTvis da saakaSvilisTvis,
romelsac raRac warmateba sWirdeba.
es Zalian faqizi Temaa da imdenad wamgebiania Cveni qveynisTvis, rom bevri
mimarTulebiT da bevri ramis Tqmisgan
Tavs vikavebT.
cnobilia, arCevnebis dRes rac moxda
iq, magram arc amaze amogviRia xma. mere,
sadme molaparakebis magidas rom miusxdebian viRacebi da afxazeTis mxridan
gvetyvian, rogor gelaparakoT, roca
amis gamkeTebeli xarT, da amas marto
Cven ar vambobT? es xom qveyanas mZime viTarebaSi Caayenebs. Zalian Znelia
akeTo swori gancxadebebi, roca xar
aseTi TavzexelaRebuli xelisuflebis
pirobebSi, romelsac nebismieri Temidan SeuZlia Tavisi saarCevno warmateba gamoadnos da Sedegebze ar ifiqros.
respublikelebma ufro meti unda vimuSaoT am Temebze. leri xabelovs,
romelic Cvens rigebSi gamoCnda, bevri
ramis gakeTeba SeuZlia cxinvalis mimarTulebiT. magram es saxelmwifoebrivi saqmea, romelsac opozicia ver
gaakeTebs. amitom, saarCevno kampaniis
dros Cven am Temaze saubrisagan Tavi
SevikaveT.
axla ras apirebs respublikuri partia?
rom ara qveyanaSi Seqmnili umZimesi
situacia da politikuri krizisi, me,
rogorc partiis Tavmjdomare, arCevnebSi miRebuli SedegiT kmayofilic
ki viqnebodi. rogorc Cans, respublikelebs gvWirdeboda aseTi civi Sxapi,
rom bevri mimarTulebiT sakuTari Se-
saZleblobebi rezervebi da sisusteebi ukeT dagvenaxa .Cven rom namdvilad
gvesmis erTmaneTis, es ar niSnavs imas,
rom Cveni ena xalxs esmis _ da es Cveni
bralia. miuxedavad imisa, rom respublikuri partia yvelaze ufro Ria partiaa, mainc amboben, rom esaa daxuruli
klubi. ver damisaxelebT vercerT partias, romelsac 4-5 wlis ganmavlobaSi,
amdeni seriozuli politikosi an amdeni
axali wevri Seemata. gvaqvs gacilebiT
meti potenciali da rezervi, vidre amas
viyenebT da vaCenT.
respublikur partiaSi seriozuli
cvlilebebia mosalodneli. seqtemberoqtomberSi riggareSe yrilobas vgegmavT, romelzec moxdeba erovnuli komitetis axlidan arCeva. bevri dRevandeli
lideri SeiZleba gansxvavebul ampluaSi
vixiloT. dRes partiaSi erTaderTi Tanamdeboba arsebobs _ partiis Tavmjdomare. es sakmarisi araa. unda gaCndes
oTxi-xuTi Tanamdeboba, Cven gvWirdeba
gacilebiT meti Sroma Crdilovani kabinetis awyobisTvis. saxelmwifo marTvis
TiToeul sferoSi konkretuli adamiani unda gvyavdes, romelisganac yovel
cismare dRes sazogadoeba unda elodes
raRacas. es unda xdebodes mudmivad da
yoveldRiurad.
gvWirdeba ukeTesad davanaxoT xalxs,
rom Zalauflebis xelSi aReba SegviZlia. rogorc Cans, unda vimoqmedoT
iseTi formebiT da meTodebiT, romelic mosaxleobisTvis gasagebia. magaliTad, is, rom Cven gundurad vmuSaobT, mosaxleobas abnevs. ician, vin aris
leiboristuri partia, _ es Salva naTelaSvilia. vTvlidiT da vTvliT, rom
gundurad ufro SeiZleboda partiis
aRqma. magram, rogorc Cans, es Tvalsazrisic gadasaxedia da aqac mosalodnelia cvlilebebi.
metad gvmarTebs fokusireba amomrCevelze. unda gamoiyos konkretuli
segmentebi. Cven zogadad vsaubrobT
eqimebze, magram konkretul eqimebTan
iSviaTad gvaqvs Sexeba. zogadad vsaubrobT biznesmenebze da konkretul biznesmenebTanac naklebi Sexeba gvaqvs.
amoqmeddeba respublikuri instituti,
romlis mizani saganmanaTleblo muSaoba da liberaluri ideebis popularizacia iqneba. samizne da fokusi ukeT
unda gaswordes da axlos mivideT
amomrCevlamde. mokled, Zalian bevri
samuSaoa Casatarebeli da Cven Sroma
ar gezareba.
cxeli Sokoladi
141
Cems gancxadebebze, Cems gamosvlebze
sabWoc msjelobda xolme. arCevnebis
dros gvTxoves _ akeTeT komentarebi
qarTul-rusul urTierTobebze, konfliqtebis zonebze, usafrTxoebaze,
magram arCevnebis periodSi ar gaakeToT komentari ama Tu im politikuri
subieqtis qcevaze. `Ramis saubrebi~
waiyvaneT, magram politikur debatebSi
nu CaebmebiT. Tumca, yovelTvis zRvaris dacva Znelia. vTqvi _ ki, batono,
ar vityvi, romeli partia momwons da
ratom, magram vityvi, rom is proeqti,
rasac badri patarkaciSvili axorcielebda, qveynisaTvis yvelaze didi safrTxe iyo. amas vambobdi da vambob kidec.
ramdenad aqvs Sansi axali mowvevis parlaments iyos Zlieri da realurad damoukidebeli aRmasrulebeli xelisuflebisagan? da ramdenad mniSvnelovania es?
modernizaciis samsaxurSi
<<< dasawyisi gv. 58
rogor ggoniaT, bolo 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi xelisuflebam uRalata liberalur
Rirebulebebs, anu sazogadoebis modernizaciis miznisaken svlas?
sakiTxi ase dgeba xolme _ mTeli
rigi normebis xisti interpretacia
Tu qveynis yofna-aryofna. aq arCevanis gakeTeba Zalian Znelia. vxedav am
adamianebis gulwrfel survils, rom
arCevani qveynis sasargeblod gakeTdes, magram, amave dros, Secdomebsac
vxedav. garedan yvelaferi advilia da
sxva sxvis omSi brZenia. amitomac minda,
Sevide da viwvnio, ras niSnavs, gaiaro
kanonis uzenaesobis da erovnuli usafrTxoebis zRvarze. es erTi problema.
meore _ nebismier xelisuflebaSi da,
gansakuTrebiT, revoluciurSi, da es
xelisufleba revoluciuri iyo, aris
minarevi adamianebisa, romlebsac piradi Zalauflebis meti araferi ainteresebT. rodesac isini Sen gverdiT iyvnen
revoluciis dros, Zalian Znelia mere
garkveva da viRacebis mocileba. Cvens
oTx wels esec axlda.
nacionaluri moZraobis axal saparlamento siaSi yofna TqvenTvis siurprizi
142 cxeli Sokoladi
ar yofila. Tqven Tavad iyaviT mzad am SemoTavazebisaTvis da es myisieri gadawyvetileba ar yofila. SesaZlebelia Tu ara
iTqvas, rom Tqven gaazrebulad midiodiT
politikisaken?
mivdiodi. es problemebs miqmnida, arasamTavrobo seqtorSic ukvirdaT da sorosis Ria sazogadoebis institutSic _
mis sakmaod did qselSi, romelic 30-ze
met qveyanaSi funqcionirebs, mis warmomadgenlebSic. bevrs vwerdi, gamovdiodi, vambobdi. sxvanairad ar SemeZlo, Cemi
damokidebuleba mindoda gamomexata. ase
mzaddeboda es yvelaferi.
es xom ar ewinaaRmdegeboda sorosis fondis Sida politikasa da ganawess?
ara, mkacri ganawesi sorosis fondSi ar aris. Tqveni Jurnalis meSveobiT,
minda kidev erTi miTi davamsxvrioT.
TiTqos sorosi modis ideebiT da Cven
ganmaxorcieleblebi varT _ es ase ar
aris. aq iqmneba adamianTa birTvi, romelsac jorj sorosi endoba. ubralod, erTs iTxovs, _ damisabuTeT ratom davafinanso esa Tu is programa
da Tu davinaxe, rom demokratiis principebs ar ewinaaRmdegeba _ ki, batono. ase rom, normebs Cven vqmnidiT da
nebismier
aRmasrulebel
xelisuflebas, yvela qveyanaSi, yoveldRiuri
pasuxismgebloba gacilebiT meti aqvs
politikur procesebze, politikis seqtorebze, iqneba es jandacva Tu Tavdacva. informaciac meti aqvs da gadawyvetilebasac iRebs. amitomac, Zalian
mniSvnelovania, gamudmebuli kontrolis wnexis qveS iyos. aq erT-erTi yvelaze mniSvnelovani swored parlamentia. aq msjelobiT mivalT iqamde, rom
parlamenti ufro mravalferovani unda
iyos. marTla gulwrfelad mixaria,
rom sakonstitucio umravlesoba nacionalur moZraobas aqvs, imitom, rom
nacionalur moZraobas aqvs xedva, sad
waiyvanos qveyana da es xedva _ qveynis
transformireba liberalur demokratiad, CemTvis misaRebia. Tumca, TavisTavad, roca erT konkretul partias
amxela upiratesoba aqvs, es safrTxes
qmnis, rom ar modunde, Sida partiuli
urTierTobebi ar gaxdes ufro mniSvnelovani, vidre kanonis uzenaesoba. magram 30-34 kaciani opozicia 150-kacian
parlamentSi sakmaod efeqturi SeiZleba iyos. Tuki daregulirda urTierTobebi da opozicia piradi Seuracxyofebidan saqmeze orientirebuli gaxda,
maqsimalur wvlils Sevitan imaSi, rom
umciresobam parlamentSi damatebiTi
berketebi miiRos imisaTvis, rom maqsimalurad ganxorcieldes saparlamento
funqcia. sxva mxriv, sulac ar mgonia,
rom parlamenti SezRuduli saxelisu-
flo organoa. SesaZloa, kidev ufro
dakonkretdes, parlamentis daSla rodis SeiZleba, ra konkretul SemTxvevaSi, magram TavisTavad imaSi, rom prezidents hqondes parlamentis daSlis Tu
mTavrobis daTxovnis ufleba, arademokratiuls verafers vxedav.
im sakonstitucio cvlilebebze saubrobT, romelic revoluciidan erT TveSi
ganxorcielda?..
da romelic sulac ar aris cudi. imitom, rom is modeli, romelic SevardnaZis
dros arsebobda, sakmaod konfliqturi
iyo. aseTive konfliqturia, sxvaTa Soris, amerikuli modeli da Zalian bevri
amerikeli politologi amas xSirad usvams xazs. raRac rom moxdes, magaliTad,
sruli dapirispireba sakanonmdeblo da
aRmasrulebel xelisuflebas Soris,
amerikuli xelisufleba, SeiZleba, paralizebuli aRmoCndes, SeiZleba, saerTod
gaCerdes saxelmwifos funqcionireba.
amerikaSi amas sasamarTlos gansakuTrebuli roli Svelis, konsensusis Ziebis
kultura, specialuri Semrigebeli komisiebis funqcionireba. CvenTan es yvelaferi saTanadod ganviTarebuli araa
da amitom, es modeli, romelic evropis
bevr qveyanaSic moqmedebs, sulac ar
aris cudi. ubralod, daxvewaa saWiro.
dRevandel parlaments namdvilad sakmao berketebi aqvs imisaTvis, rom mTavrobaze kontroli ganaxorcielos.
gamoiyena Tu ara es berketebi wina mowvevis parlamentma?
albaT, ise ara, rogorc saWiro iyo.
Zalian miyvars givi TargamaZe da marTla
Zalian bevri gakeTda Tavdacvis sferoSi, raSic sakmaod mniSvnelovania Tavdacvisa da uSiSroebis komitetis wvlili,
romelsac givi xelmZRvanelobs, magram
garkveuli pasuxismgebloba oqruaSvilis qmedebaze komitetzec gadmodis.
anu, meti kontroli iyo saWiro oqruaSvilze. magram am revoluciur ndobas,
gamowvevebs, rom raRac Cqara aris gasakeTebeli, jaria Sesaqmneli, tankebia
SesaZeni da sxva, garkveulwilad, meore
planze gadahqonda is, Tu ramdenad detaluri angariSgebiT xarjavda es kaci
sabiujeto Tanxebs, jariskacebs, oficrebs rogor eqceoda. es gakveTilia,
rom momavalSi meti yuradReba mieqces
am niuansebs.
da revoluciuri loialoba gadavides meore planze...
es gardauvali iyo. am adamianebma
2003 wlis noemberSi sakuTari fizikuri yofna-aryofna Seagdes sasworze. am
adamianTa jgufs Camouyalibda is, rusebi чувство локтя-s rasac eZaxian da es
raRacaSi xelisSemSlelicaa. 2008 wlis
arCevnebis Semdeg ki mgonia _ miuxedavad imisa, rom nacionaluri moZraoba
umravlesobaSia, bevrad naklebad revoluciuria, vidre adre. Tu Cven Zalian
gadavixareT revoluciuri amocanebis
da erovnuli usafrTxoebis interesebisken, axla metad gadmovixrebiT kanonis uzenaesobisken. aman SeiZleba rigi
reformebi Seaferxos, meti dro daixarjos raRac gadawyvetilebebis miRebaze,
magram es demokratiis ganviTarebisTvis
aucilebelia.
politikuri kulturisa da gamocdilebis
TvalsazrisiT, ramdenad gamocdili adamianebi Sedian parlamentSi? igive nacionalebis saarCevno sias rom gadavxedoT
an im opoziciuri partiebis, romlebic
moxvdnen parlamentSi, ramdenad SeZlebs
am Semadgenlobis parlamenti efeqtur
muSaobas?
iq arian adamianebi, visac gamocdilebac aqvT, nebac gaaCniaT, rom parlamenti iyos saerTo erovnuli politikis da
ara pirovnuli interesebis msaxuri da
aq maqsimalurad Cadon Tavisi profesionalizmi. Tu vinmes es aklia, sxvebs
mousmens da gaigebs. xSir SemTxvevaSi,
deputati gamtaria, man sazogadoebrivi
wuxilebi unda gardaqmnas politikur
winadadebebad. amisaTvis, mas damatebiTi saSualebebi aqvs, magaliTad, SeuZlia
mrCevlebi da asistentebi daixmaros.
ubralod, garkveuli codna da survili
sWirdeba amis ganxorcielebas. mgoni,
absolutur umravlesobaSi amis potenciali aris. Tu SevardnaZis parlamenti
zogjer komerciuli struqturis, birJis saxes iRebda, wina parlamentSi es
sakmaod Semcirda. ver vityvi, rom srulad aRmoifxvra, magram procesi gagrZeldeba. ar aris gamoricxuli, romelime deputati ver ahyves am temps, raRac
drois ganmavlobaSi ver gaerkves. vinc
me gavicani, yvelas imedi maqvs.
ramdenad realurad warmomadgenlobiTia
is parlamenti, romelic avirCieT? ramde-
nad kanonzomieria is, rom parlamentSi
Sevida, magaliTad, giorgi TargamaZis an
Salva naTelaSvilis partia?
politika populizmis gareSe ar arsebobs. sazogadoebis molodinebze, mis
simebze unda imuSao. am partiebs populizmi gacilebiT meti aqvT. populizmia Tu gamudmebiT negatiurad afaseb
yvelafers da populizmia Tu politikas erovnul sentimentebze ageb _ eseni eklesiebs angreveno. mosaxleobis
umravlesobas eklesiebis mimarT savsebiT gasagebi, Zalian emociuri damokidebuleba aqvs. Sesabamisad, eklesiaTa
ngrevis tyuilic SeiZleba uceb bevrma
daijeros. gebelss aqvs naTqvami _ rac
ufro didia tyuili, miT ufro ijerebeno _ samwuxarod, eseTi raRacac muSaobs xolme. magram SedarebiT xanmokle
droiT. sazogadoebis politikur kulturasTan dakavSirebiT bevr problemas
vxedavdi, magram sabednierod, Sedegebma aCvena, rom adamianebi ufro da ufro
mets fiqroben ra SeiZleba iyos sityvebis miRma. amitomac, opoziciis procentebi ar iyo iseTi maRali, rogoric SeiZleboda yofiliyo.
TvliT, rom arCevnebma srulad asaxa is
ganwyobebi, rac sazogadoebaSi iyo?
namdvilad vici. es aCvena sociologiurma kvlevebma, xmis paralelurma daTvlebmac. es yvelaferi sakmaod kargad
emTxveva erTmaneTs. is, rom calkeul
ubnebze raRacebi xdeboda, aseTi ram
yovelTvis iyo.
da ar eTanxmebiT im azrs, rom iyo sistemuri gayalbebebi?
ra Tqma unda, ara. administraciuli
resursi, es ybadaRebuli Tema, romelic ras SeiZleba niSnavdes da ras ara,
bolomde naTeli ar aris xolme (maT
Soris, arc kanonmdeblobiT), raRac
doziT yvelgan muSaobs, gansakuTrebiT, raionebSi. kanonis aSkara darRvevebi, daSineba, mosyidva da ase Semdeg _
es Tu iyo, mxolod calkeul SemTxvevebSi, ara sistemurad da Sedegze asaxvas
veranairad ver hpovebda. Zalian bevr
adamians, visac Cemze meti gamocdileba
aqvs saarCevno teqnologiebSi, naTqvami aqvs, rom TviT yvelaze didi gayalbebac ki 5-7% SeiZleba iyos. aq aseTi
ram ar yofila. verc iqneboda _ saakaScxeli Sokoladi
143
vilis Zalauflebis sayrdeni sakuTari
mosaxleobis da dasavleTis demokratiuli samyaros ndobaa. amitom iyo
damkvirveblebis uprecedentod didi
raodenoba. wagebuli mxare ki erTsa da
imave `plastinkas~ atrialebs, ar wagvigia, wagvagebineso.
opozicias mosaxleobis sadRac 40%
uWers mxars, magram Zalian bevri maTi
mxardamWeri ar movida am arCevnebze,
radgan noembridan maisamde bevrs guli
aucruvda opoziciis liderebze. ratom
mouvida opozicias es, amaze dausruleblad SeiZleba laparaki.
ra sakiTxebze SeiZleba gqondeT erTi pozicia, magaliTad, Tqven da giorgi TargamaZes saparlamenti debatebis dros?
mis SexedulebebSi, ideologiaSi CemTvis bevri ram miuRebelia, Tumca,
detalebSi rom CavideT, ar gamovricxav, rom raRac sakiTxebSi vipovoT
Sexebis wertilebi. cota Znelad warmomidgenia, man raRac amixsnas da damimtkicos, magram maqvs imedi, rom me
avuxsni da davumtkiceb da daviTanxmeb.
bevri rame ar momwons mis namoqmedarSi, arc `droebis~ gadacemebi momwonda,
amas yovelTvis vetyvi piradadac. mgonia, rom es ar iyo mTlad obieqturi
gadacemebi, magram amave dros, me mas
vxedav, rogorc pragmatul da racionalur adamians. fundamentalisti ar
aris. vnaxoT.
rogorc politikuri procesebis gulSematkivars da ara mxolod nacionaluri siiT gasul parlamentars, gqondaT
Tu ara survili, rom parlamentSi yofiliyo respublikuri partia? ramdenad
saintereso da nayofieri iqneboda maTTan muSaoba TqvenTvis, isev saerTo miznebis misaRwevad?
rac ufro mravalferovani iqneba parlamenti, miT ukeTesi. oRond, ra Tqma
unda, politikosis bunebrivi survilia, swored misi gundi iyos umravlesobaSi. imitom, rom gadawyvetilebebi,
romlebic mniSvnelovnad migvaCnia, gavitanoT. ra Tqma unda, sxvebTan msjelobis farglebSi. ar gamovricxav, rom
raRac sakiTxze umravlesobas araswori warmodgena hqondes da oponentebTan diskusiaSi daixvewos. amdenad,
mravalferovneba da respublikelebis
monawileoba ara mgonia, cudi yofi144 cxeli Sokoladi
liyo. Cemi azriT, respublikelebma
miuRebeli pozicia daiWires, Torem,
me TviTon respublikeli viyavi, 2006
wlis Suaxanebamde.
ra iyo maT poziciaSi miuRebeli?
saakaSvilis mmarTvelobis kritikiT
ver ganasxvaves bavSvi nabani wylisagan.
yvelaferSi negativs xedavdnen. es ar
iyo swori. maT ver daafases, ramxela
iyo garRveva korufciasTan, danaSaulTan brZolaSi. maT ver ganasxvaves kanonieri qurdi da policieli, Tqves, rom
erTiT meoris Canacvleba xdeba. aseve
miuRebeli iyo maTi Sefasebebi kodorSi ganviTarebuli movlenebis Taobaze.
is, rom rig SemTxvevebSi sakuTrebis
uflebebi irRveoda, Zalian xSirad es
xelisuflebis mxridan komunikaciis
problema ufro iyo, vidre danaSauli.
amaSic unda ukeT garkveuliyo respublikuri partia da Tavisi wvlili Seetana, rom raRac daxvewiliyo, vidre
garedan damdgariyo da eginebina, ai,
socializmi myardeba da sakuTrebis
ufleba aRar aris masobrivad daculio. samwuxarod, zogierTi respublikelis pirovnuli ambiciac TamaSobda
rols, maT ver monaxes Zala, rom eRiarebinaT sxvisi warmateba. sxvas rig SemTxvevebSi meti racionalizmi aRmoaCnda da ufro sworad moqmedebda, vidre
isini. arc imis Tqma SeiZleboda, rom
konstituciis cvlilebiT Turqmenizacia moxda. mec ar momwonda raRacebi, gansakuTrebiT ki siswrafe. magram
axla rom vukvirdebi, vfiqrob, rom
swored siswrafe iyo aucilebeli. respublikelebis dRevandeli liderebi
axlos iyvnen maSin xelisuflebasTan,
TviTon iyvnen komisiaSi, msjelobdnen
da mikvirs, ratom ver moxerxda maTi
darwmuneba. respublikelebi Zalian
normativistur poziciaze dadgnen da
albaT, es iyo problema.
zogjer iuristebs cota sixiste
da normativizmi axasiaTebT. rogorc
aswavles, ise esmiT. sinamdvileSi, faqti ra aris da interpretacia ra _ ase
martivad gasaSifri araa. xSirad kanonmdebloba iZleva imis saSualebas,
rom interpretireba sxvadasxvanairad
moxdes. realuri politika yovelTvis
aris normativisturi da usafrTxoebis
momentebis dabalanseba. respublikelebis pozicia iyo normativisturi da,
Cemi azriT, erovnuli usafrTxoebis
gamowvevebs ar aqcevdnen yuradRebas
_ kanonmdebloba xistad esmodaT. mere
es sixiste gadauvidaT Zalian politizirebul gancxadebebSi, romlis ukan
aranari samarTlebrivi argumentacia
ar idga.
ar gwydebaT guli, rom respublikelebi
ar iqnebian parlamentSi?
zogierTze mwydeba, siamovnebiT vikamaTebdi maTTan. amas winaT debatebi mqonda vaxtang xmalaZesTan, Zalian
sasiamovno adamiania. SeiZleba, bevri
ram sadavo iyos mis mosazrebebSic, magram es is adamiania, visTan diskusiac
da raRac gadawyvetilebebamde misvlac
sasiamovno procesia.
rogor ggoniaT, ra iqneba axali politikuri elitis maxasiaTeblebi? is adamianebi, vinc gasuli 5 wlis ganmavlobaSi
Candnen rogorc xelisuflebis saxeebi,
`zizRis jgufSi~ moxvdnen, imitom, rom
swored sazogadoebis umravleobis winaganwyobebs upirispirdebodnen…
Cemi azriT, es iqneba naklebrevoluciuri elita. gundurobis gancdas
aqvs plusebic da minusebic. namdvilad
vici, SigniT rogori debatebi midioda
xolme, magram saboloo jamSi, rogorc
politikuri gundi, erTi gadawyvetilebiT unda warmdgariyo samsjavroze. axlac ase iqneba. amave dros, meti
mravalferovnebaa, meti gansxvavebuli
azria da naklebia damokidebuleba im
TvalsazrisiT, rom Cven 2003 wlis noemberSi erTad videqiT da erTad gvemuqreboda sasikvdilo safrTxe. es
dabalansdeba imiT, rom Cven gansxvavebuli mosazrebebi gvaqvs da amis gvjera da amis _ ara. oRond, aucilebelia
TamaSic wesebis, urTierTobis wesebis
dacva nacionaluri moZraobis SigniT,
parlamentarebs Soris, parlamentarebsa da mTavrobis wevrebs Soris, prezidentTan da mis aparatTan. Tu CemTvis
raRac politikuri gadawyvetilebebi
sruliad miuRebeli gaxda, Cems pirovnul mrwamsTan Seusabamo, me vwer gancxadebas da mivdivar parlamentidan.
mgoni, es ufro samarTliania, vidre,
uceb, hop, da gadavjde sxva navSi. Tumca, am gundisgan aranairad ar veli,
rom am gadawyvetilebis winaSe momiwios
dadgoma.
REUTERS
am Secvlilma drom da dolaris krizisma
werili kanidan
kanSi sul sxva rjulis `kinosaqmosnebs~ gauTavisufla sivrce _ kruazetze ganlagebul
butikebSi cnobilma modeliorebma gamofines is (`iseTi~), rac yvelaze metad moswonT
potenciur myidvelebs _ `axal rusebs~.
swored maT,
kanSi sagangebod CamobrZane-
bulma rusma biznesmenebma (zogi Tavis Tavs
`prodiusers~ rom uwodebs) moawyves farTi-viqtorina, romelzec mogvianebiT bevri
iSayira frangulma presam. gamarjvebuls aq
sagzurebi ergeboda korsikaze. viqtorinis
kiTxvebs Soris yofila aseTi _ `vin ambobs sityvebs `yofna-aryofna~? hari poteri,
kani-2008
don-Juani Tu hamleti?~
sasacilod araa saqme
15 biznesmenidan 5-ma hari poteri daasaxe-
avtori: giorgi gvaxaria
la. aTma ki gasca pasuxi `ar vici~.
146
cxeli Sokoladi
cxeli Sokoladi
146
gareT boboqrobdnen da miRebebze kovzebiT aWmevdnen xizilalas msoflios. magram
kinodarbazebSi mTlad kargad ar hqondaT
<<< dasawyisi gv. 64
Tumca, araerT motyuebul adamians daexmareba (`erTi adamianis xmas SeuZlia mTeli situacia Secvalos~ _ aRniSna istvudma
preskonferenciaze)
valis daxurvis dRes ki qarma ise daubera,
saqme. jer iyo da, vudi alenma ganacxada,
rom wiTel xaliCaze gamofenili kinovar-
ruseTSi Cemi fexi ar iqnebao, mere spil-
skvlavebi iZulebulni gaxdnen xeliT `da-
bergma dascina, bolos ki Zmebma dardenebma
eWiraT~ TavianTi sifrifana kabebi.
daagvirgvines festivalis erT-erT saukeTe-
kanis festivalis istoriaSi yovelTvis
ase iyo _ cud amindSi izrdeboda miRebebisa
korumpirebuli policiis, sasamarTlosa
da banketebis raodenoba. magram
so filmSi `lornas siCume~.
magrad eSmakobs kanis kinofestivali _
dolaris
programas, rogorc wesi, maSin aqveynebs,
da janmrTelobis sistemis mxileba TiTq-
krizisma wlevandel kinoforumze gansaku-
roca xalxs valebi aqvs aRebuli msoflios
mis fantastikuri istoriiT (arada, films
TrebiT imoqmeda. sastumroebis mflobele-
erT-erT yvelaze Zvir festivalze gasamgza-
namdvili ambavi daedo safuZvlad) klint
bi wuwuneben Turme, amerikelebi limuzinebs
vreblad. es ukve tradiciaa, romlis gamo
istvudma imiT axsna, rom didi xania aRel-
da Sampanurs aRar ukveTaveno. amave miziT
1958 wels fransua triufom miwasTan gaaswo-
vebs amerikuli sazogadoebisTvis damaxa-
CaiSala `indiana jonsis~ premierasTan daka-
ra kani. kinoforumis SeuracxyofisTvis mas
siaTebeli konformizmi da farisevloba.
vSirebuli grandiozuli miReba... amerikuli
misweres werili, romelSic atyobinebdnen,
`sazogadoeba xSirad Tanaxmaa `Caanacvlos~
fuli _ iqauri sponsorebis saxiT _ saerTod
rom veRar miiRebda akreditacias momaval
demokratia, raTa mis stabilurobas arafe-
ar igrZnoboda wlevandel festivalze, rac,
festivalze. magram momdevno wels triufo
ri daemuqros~ _ aRniSna istvudma preskon-
sxvaTa Soris, kanis kinoforumis programa-
mainc Cavida kanSi, amjerad reJisoris akre-
ferenciaze. namdvilad saintereso azria,
zec aisaxa da Sedegebzec _ holivudis mier
ditaciiT, rogorc avtori filmisa `oTxasi
ara? ager, Turme, holivudic Sewuxda fa-
konkursSi warmodgenili sxva filmebi (jei-
dartyma~, romelmac kanSi gaimarjva...
risevlobiT da swored es filmi waradgi-
ms greis `ori sayvareli~, Carlz kaufmanis
TbilisSi, ukve valebSi Cavardnilma, kanis
na farisevlobiT saxelganTqmul, magram
`sinekdoSi.niu-iorki~) kritikosTa gamoki-
festivalis programis gacnobisas, kinaRam
momxibvlelze momxiblav kanis festival-
Txvebis autsaiderebad darCa, samagierod
gadavifiqre gamgzavreba. magram moulod-
ze (axla vinc metyvis, arasdros `mifari-
gaizarda laTinur amerikaSi gadaRebuli
nelad sakonkurso programaSi aRmovaCine
sevliao~, qva mesrolos!). aq yovelTvis
filmebis ricxvi (konkursSi 2 argentinuli
`lornas dumili~, im adamianebis filmi, ro-
sanaxaoba iyo modaSi da ara konkursebSi
da 2 braziliuri filmi iyo warmodgenili)
melTac jer kidev ar gautexavT Cemi `mra-
CarTuli inteleqtualuri kino. aq yvelaze
da, rac mTavaria, kidev ufro gamZafrda
valkinogancdili~ guli _ Zmebi dardenebi,
saintereso quCaSi xdeboda, gansakuTrebiT
antiamerikuli ritorika. ai, magaliTad,
belgieli reJisorebi, romelTac damsaxure-
kruazetis sanapiroze da ara kinodarbaze-
konkursgareSe filmis, `maradonas~ premie-
bulad hqondaT Sansi daemyarebinaT rekor-
bSi, sadac, yvelaferTan erTad, metismetad
ris Semdeg gamarTul preskonferenciaze,
di kanis kinofestivalis istoriaSi _ mesamed
uberavda kondicioneri.
emir kusturicam, Tavisi filmis saxelovan
gamxdariyvnen `oqros palmis~ laureatebi.
1953 wels brijit bardo bikinebSi ijda
gmirTan erTad, jer jorj buSs gadauara,
belgiaSi (e.i. `evrokavSiris gulSi~) moqa-
kanis plaJze. mezRvaurebma, iqve mdgar ge-
mere ki mTel amerikas gadawvda. aRniSna, rom
laqeobis misaRebad `axal rusebs~ albane-
mze,
meore msoflio omis Semdeg SeerTebul-
li gogona, lorna unda daexmaros. cxadia,
ma Statebma 24 qveyana dabomba, maT Soris
gasamrjelos fasad, saidanac procentebi
misi samSoblo _ serbeTi... iyo dro, roca
rCeba.
velurobad
kusturica yvelanairad emijneboda serbeTs
adgilobrivi mafia iRebs.
iTvleboda. Tumca, mkerdis (rogorc wesi,
da sul imas imeorebda, serbi ki var, magram
operacia erTxel ukve warmatebiT Caatara
sagangebod `gazrdilis~) gaSiSvleba qalebma
bosniaSi gavizardeo. magram axla dro Sei-
_ daqorwinda belgiel narkomanze, romlis
mainc ver moaxerxes _ amindma auria. festi-
cvala.
gardacvalebis Semdeg gairkva _ lorna mis-
saqme miatoves da xomaldis cxvirSi
Segrovdnen... gemi gadabrunda.
2008 wels, kanis plaJebze wamowola orad
gayofil
`kupalnikSi~
146 cxeli Sokoladi
lamis
danarCens
fiqtiuri
qorwinebebis
lornam msgavsi
gan fexmZimedaa. `rusi saqmro~ garigebaze
iwvevs (`fipresi~, romelmac kanSi, `deltas~
leblobaze~ _ ambobs soderbergi `figaros~
mxolod abortis SemTxvevaSi daTanxmdeba.
Tavisi prizi arguna, ar iTvleba _ kinoJur-
korespondentTan interviuSi. sxvaTa Soris,
magram,
nalistTa saerTaSoriso organizaciaSi yo-
amerikelma kinogamqiraveblebmac ganacxa-
moulodnelad,
lorna
dedobaze
uars ar ambobs.
velTvis uyvardaT kino _ `a la tarkovski~).
des, rom daelodebian mayureblis reaqcias
dardenebis filmSi erTia politikuri
aq minda gagaxseno, Zvirfaso mkiTxvelo,
kanSi, imas, Tu rogor `imuSavebs~ filmi ki-
konteqsti _ evrokavSiris biurokratiuli
rom kanis festivali arc kinoTeatri `glda-
nobazrobaze da mxolod Semdeg ifiqreben
manqanis saxe, gamoxatuli belgieli reJiso-
nia~ da arc `rusTavel-amirani~. festival-
filmis Cvenebaze SeerTebul StatebSi. arc
rebisTvis damaxasiaTebel klaustrofobiur
ze msoflios saukeTeso kritikosebi arian
safrangeTSi ician, rogor uCvenon filmi
sivrceSi da axali evropuli TamaSi, rome-
akreditebuli. darbazidan maTi masobri-
kinoTeatrebSi. oRond, aq ara Ce gevaras
lic axla ukve `perspeqtiul evropelebs~,
vi gasvla iSviaTia. stvena ki, berlinisgan
figura, aramed, filmis qronometraJi qmnis
albanelebs (mniSvnelovania, rom lornas
gansxvavebiT, saerTod ar uyvarT kanSi. da
problemebs. romeli mayurebeli wava oTx-
rolis Semsrulebeli, arta debroSi, koso-
Tuki masobrivad daicala darbazi, rogorc
saaTnaxevriani filmis sanaxavad. buterbro-
voeli albanelia) rusebTan vaWrobis saSua-
`deltaze~, anda, Tuki daustvines, e.i. Za-
debs daarigeben or nawils Soris? vin gadai-
lebas aZlevs.
lian seriozuladaa saqme. miT umetes, roca
xdis sendviCebis fuls?
bunebrivia, rusebi aRSfoTdnen TavianTi
Tanamemamuleebis
TiTqmis
karikaturuli
saxeebiT. Tumca, ara mgonia, politika iyos
mTavari `lornas dumilSi~.
dReSi ramdenime filmis naxva giwevs (kon-
kanis festivalis sakonkurso programa-
dicionerSi) da yoveli filmis naxvis win
Si iyo kidev ori filmi, romelTa avtore-
uzarmazar rigSi gixdeba dgoma.
bs, SeiZleba, problemebi SeeqmnaT TavianT
gaRizianebulia am dros kritikosi da Za-
qalis brZola Tavisi SvilisTvis sistemis
lian mZafrad reagirebs uniWobaze.
samSobloSi. pirvel rigSi esaa israeleli
reJisoris, ari folmanis srulmetraJiani
winaaRmdeg Zalian gavrcelebuli Tema iyo
kanis festivalis direqciam es yvelaferi
animacia `valsi baSirTan erTad~, romlis
kanis wlevandel festivalze (klint istvu-
gaiTvaliswina da Tavisi Zveli favoritis,
gmirebi, yofili jariskacebi, libanSi omis
dTan, argentinul filmSi `lomis galia~),
stiven soderbergis (25 wlis iyo, `palma~
dros mSvidobiani mosaxleoba rom amoxoces,
magram, ufro,
sociologiur-politikur
rom miiRo filmisTvis `seqsi, sicrue da vi-
sakuTar Tavs nacist jalaTebs adareben.
rakursSi. gamofituli, gadaRlili Tana-
deo~) axali namuSevrisTvis `Ce~ seansebisgan
dokumenturi animacia (komiqsis stilisti-
medrove kinos liderebi kanis festivalze
mTeli dRe gaaTavisufla. `Ce~ - oTxi saaTi
kiT) sruliad axali Janria kinoSi, amitom
warmodgenil programaSic ki uars amboben
da ormoci wuTi grZeldeba. amitom kanSi ga-
wesiT, kanis festivalis Jiuris romelime
mxatvrul Ziebebze, stilze, Tavad kinoenis
dawyvites, xalxs saRamos, dasvenebuli tvi-
priziT mainc unda aReniSna `valsi baSirTan
gamdidrebaze. rogorc Cans, darwmunebule-
niT enaxa Ce gevaras axali kinobiografia.
erTad~. miT umetes, rom festivalis bolo
bi arian, rom isedac mSvenivrad moaxerxeben
ufro metic, pirvelad festivalebis isto-
dRemde folmanis suraTi kritikosTa ga-
publikis manipulacias da ukve kargad gada-
riaSi, suraTis or nawils Soris Sesveneba
mokiTxvebis erT-erTi lideri iyo. Jiuris
ReWili WeSmaritebebiT mis moxibvlas.
gamoacxades da Jurnalistebs sendviCebi
daskvniT preskonferenciaze Son pens hki-
dauriges.
Txes kidec, ratom `gamogrCaT~ es filmio.
arada, ase ar gamodis...
magaliTad, germaneli reJisori, andreas
me, piradad (da ara marto me), sendviCem-
drezeni, Tavis konkursgareSe filmSi `Rru-
dec ver gavZeli. kubis revoluciis faqte-
beli 9~ mimarTavs masalas, romlisganac misi
bs, romelsac orsaaTiani pirveli nawili
`nuli~ aRmoCnda JiurisTvis kidev erTi,
Tanamemamule, rainer verner fasbinderi mo-
eZRvneba, internetSic gavecnobodi. soder-
formaluri TvalsazrisiT Zalian saintere-
rig Sedevrs Seqmnida _ 78 wlis mamakacisa
bergi mxolod faqtebs eyrdnoba, TiTqmis
so suraTi, romlis premieraze dRemde uars
da 62 wlis qalis seqsualur (diax, seqsua-
ar uSvebs kameras axlos msaxiobebTan, maT
ambobs CineTis xelisufleba, cia Jankes `24
lur) Tavgadasavalze gviambobs. vina Tqva,
Soris benisio del torosTan. miuxedavad
saaTi~. CineTi dRes olimpiadisTvis emza-
rom daberebuli SiSveli sxeulis Cveneba ar
amisa, swored am msaxiobs daajildoveben
deba, amitom Zveli fabrika-qarxnebi Tana-
SeiZleba da ratomaa, rom veravin bedavs mo-
kanSi priziT mamakacis rolis saukeTeso
medrove multipleqsebad unda gadakeTdes.
xucebis seqsis Cvenebas ekranze? ritorikul
SesrulebisaTvis. amboben, rom benisio del
reJisori iRebs intervius sxvadasxva Taobis
kiTxvas svams reJisori da eWideba Temas,
toro namdvil TamaSs mxolod meore nawil-
sami qalisgan da xuTi mamakacisgan, romel-
romlis realizacias, diaxac, niWi sWirdeba
Si iwyebs, roca stiven soderbergi boliviis
Ta Soris zogi realuri personaJia, zogic
da ara ubralod siTamame.
revoluciis ambebze gadadis. magram filmis
msaxiobi. Tumca, suraTi ise mTavrdeba, rom
pirveli nawili, romelSic gaugebari rCe-
gaugebari rCeba sad iyo dokumenturi da sad
ba revolucionerad qceuli argentineli
gaTamaSebuli. es xalxi saubrobs jer kidev
ungreli reJisori, kornel mondruCo,
eqimi-astmatikis rwmenis mizezi, gaugebari
50-ian wlebSi aSenebul samxedro qarxanaze,
gadawyvets incestis TemiT gaakvirvos 21-e
rCeba, ram gaxada Ce gevara popularuli
romelic Cven Tvalwin ingreva ekranze. kino
saukunis
CarTul
msoflioSi, imdenad duned viTardeba, rom
isev iqceva xelovnebad, romelmac gasaqro-
filmSi `delta~. `hamletis~ da `antigones~
Zalian `dasvenebuli tvinisTvisac~ SeuZle-
bad, gasauCinareblad gamzadebuli natura
sinTezia eso _ gvarwmunebda suraTis avto-
beli xdeba filmis srulfasovani aRqma.
unda daafiqsiros da `Seinaxos~ dro, ro-
niWi ar aris. da Sedegi saxezea _ publika
isev icinis _ isev dascinis avtors.
mayurebeli
konkursSi
ri preskonferenciaze.
`CemTvis es suraTi nulia~ _ upasuxa Jiuris
Tavmjdomarem.
kanSi sodebergma gagvaxsena, rom SeerTe-
melic cota xanSi warsulad iqceva... arada,
amasac dascines. darbazi ramdenime wuTSi
bul StatebSi Ce gevara kvlavac araa popu-
CineTSi, rogorc cia Jankem ganacxada kanSi,
daicala. sanaxaobidan, romlis avtors arc
laruli, amitom, mas mravalma prodiuserma
yvelanairad cdiloben daiviwyon istoria
msaxiobebis TamaSi ainteresebs, arc ritmi,
uari uTxra filmis dafinansebaze. `es maSin,
da aRar ilaparakon ganvlil epoqaze.
arc dramaturgia. mTavari `Sokia~... magram
roca holivudSi ukve laparakoben hitle-
da swored aq unda davubrundeT Zmebi dar-
aseTi kino Sokis nacvlad mxolod dacinvas
ris `obieqturi~ biografiis gadaRebis auci-
denebis films. ki, politikur-sociologiucxeli Sokoladi
147
ri foni mniSvnelovania `lornas dumilSi~,
prizebis ganawilebam daxurvis ceremo-
magram, amave dros, esaa kinoxelovnebis ga-
nialze, imis gaazrebam, rom gareT cudi
darCena publicistikisgan. wlevandeli kanis
amindia, kafeebSi sigarets veRar mowev,
films `kedlebs Soris~ safuZvlad daedo
festivaliT Tu vimsjelebT, kino nel-nela
kinodarbazebSi ki mxolod nevrotikebis
amave saxelwodebis wigni, romlis avtori,
kargavs komunikaciis formebs mayurebelTan.
depresiul filmebs uCveneben, Cemi valebi
frangi Jurnalisti, fransua begodo kan-
reJisorebis erTi nawili `tribunisa~ da me-
gamaxsena. ukve ficis dadebasac vapireb-
tem mTavari rolis Semsruleblad aiyvana.
tris rols irCevs, meore verafers uxerxebs
di _ aRarasdros Camoval aq, festivalze,
`kedlebs Soris~ avtobiografiuli wignia.
egomanias da publika mxolod imitom sWir-
romlis erT-erT favorits, vong kar-vais,
begodo gviambobs Tavisi cxovrebis im eta-
deba, rom Tavis sasowarkveTaze gviambos.
mayurebelis, darbazis SegrZnebac ki dakar-
pze, roca sorbonis diplomiT `Zneli ubnis~
isini ki, visac jer kidev ar daukargavT
guli aqvs _ fexze ayenebs darbazs `wuTieri
`Znel skolaSi~ gaanawiles. gadawyvita bavS-
mayureblis gancda da TiTqmis mecnierulad
dumilis~ pozaSi da imasac ver xvdeba, rom
vebisTvis, rogorc Tavad ambobs, `demokra-
aqvT Seswavlili filmis aRqmis Tavisebure-
dascinian.
tia eswavlebina~, magram mTeli es wvaleba
bani, `indiana jonss~ iReben.
magram ficis dadeba ver movaswari. kanis
`lornas dumilis~ Rirseba isaa swored,
61-e
kinofestivalis
gamarjvebuli,
misi
giur-politikuri ritorikiT mudmivi spekulaciaa.
erTi Savkaniani gogos sityvebiT dasrulda:
`me veraferi viswavle, musie~.
rom ambavi erT arafriT gamorCeul go-
programis saukeTeso filmi gaxda
_ lo-
`wignis werisas, sami amocana davusaxe Cems
gonaze, romlis msgavsi milionia mTel
ran kantes `kedlebs Soris~ (igive `klasi~).
Tavs _ wers begodo: `araviTari fsiqolo-
msoflioSi da romelic, rogorc wesi, ar
scenaze avidnen filmis gmirebi,
parizis
gizmi, araviTari `ZaliT iumori~ da mxolod
ainteresebT kinoreJisor-egomanebs, kinoka-
meTvramete raionis romeliRac `Zneli sko-
konkretika~. magram iumori mainc bevri ga-
meriTaa naambobi. mgoni, arsad, roberto
lis~ mowafeebi, romlebmac wina dRes, kan-
movida. iumori
roselinis Semdeg, ar gamoxatula kameris
tes filmis premieraze, Zmebi liumierebis
filmis erTi personaJi, esmeralda, Tavise-
kontaqti filmis personaJTan ase mZafrad,
TiTqmis samiaTasian darbazSi, mgoni, Rrmad
burad ganixilavs platonis `respublikas~:
ase Riad... da ra aris kamera, Tu ara mayu-
amoasunTqes publika _ kinoxelovneba da, Se-
`ucnaur wignebs kiTxulobda es xalxi. is
rebeli? aba, visi mzera mihyveba aq axalga-
sabamisad, kanis kinofestivali jer mTlad
tipi romaa, sokrate... kiTxvebi, romelsac
zrda qals, romelic sul marto, ukacriel
ar daRupula!
isini svamen, abnevs adamianebs~.
Tavad konkretikam Seqmna.
tyeSi rCeba Tavis momaval SvilTan erTad?
`kedlebs Soris~ TiTqmis mTlianad axlo
gecineba am bavSvebze. gecineba finalzec
(marto darCenili gmiri, romelmac saSine-
xedebze agebuli filmia. Tumca, satelevi-
_ erT-erT yvelaze pesimistur finalze Ta-
li gansacdeli unda gaiaros _ dardenebis
zio kinos STabeWdilebas mainc ar tovebs.
namedrove kinoSi. amas hqvia `bwkarebs Soris
TiTqmis yvela filmSi gvxvdeba). `lornas
yvelaferi awyobilia ara imdenad saxeebze,
sicili~, rasac giunter grasi kargi lite-
dumilis~ finalSi roselinic gagaxsendebo-
ramdenadac mzeraze. laparakoben bevrs, ma-
raturis aucilebel atributad miiCnevda
daT, rober bresonic _ is reJisorebi, swo-
gram Tavisuflad SegiZlia teqsts aRar us-
da werda, es sicili imas hgavs, depresiaSi
red krizisis dros rom ixsnes kinoxelov-
mino da mxolod uyuro `mzeraTa qoreogra-
Cavardnili klounis xilvaze rom agivarde-
neba sruli gauCinarebisgan da, miuxedavad
fias~, romelsac loran kante qmnis filmSi.
bao.
amisa, erTxelac rom ver moipoves msoflio
arada, araprofesionalebi arian _ `msaxiob
erTi weli iwvala _ ana frankis dRiurebi
kinematografistebis
bavSvebs~ TavianTi saxelebic ki SenarCune-
akiTxa, platonzec uambo, volterze, di-
buli aqvT. rogorc wesi, aseT SemTxvevaSi
droze, fexburTi eTamaSa, mSoblebs Sexvda...
Zmeb
reJisorebi eridebian xolme axlo xedebs,
magram ardadegebis win, kiTxvaze, ra daga-
dardenebs, iseve, rogorc ori wlis win pe-
magram loran kante endo am bavSvebs da swo-
maxsovrdaT imisgan, rac viswavleT, erTma
dro almodovars, gadasces prizi saukeTe-
red am ndobam gaamarjvebina.
upasuxa, spermatozoidisgan rom vibadebi-
mTavari
jildo
_
`oqros palmis rto~
SarSanwindeli
ambavi
ganmeorda.
so scenarisTvis, rac imis maniSnebeli iyo,
ndoba _ samyaros mimarT, mayureblis mi-
rom belgielebi `palmebis~ rekords ver
marT, kanis wlevandeli festivalis gamar-
depresiaSi Cavardebi, aba, ra mogiva! auci-
moxsnidnen. amas kidev gadaitanda kaci, rom
jvebulis mTavari Rirsebaa. ambavi frangu-
leblad daemsgavsebi klouns, romelic erT
ara festivalis erT-erTi yvelaze saqiliko
li literaturis maswavlebelze, romelsac
mSvenier dRes xvdeba, rom veRar acinebs pu-
filmis, mateo garones `gomoras~ dajildo-
ZiriTadad emigrantebiT (maT Soris arale-
blikas.
eba Jiuris granpriT.
specialu-
galuri emigrantebiT) savse klasSi mouxda
kargi grZnobaa es. Zalian kargi. amas roca
ri prizi gadasces meore italiels, paolo
Sesvla, mTeli saswavlo weli iSleba, magram
gaiazreb, SeiZleba axleburad daiwyo cxo-
sorentinos
manamde,
To, meorem ki, veraferi viswavleo.
julio andreotis kinokari-
filmis dasrulebis Semdeg ggonia, rom da-
vreba. SeiZleba mixvde, rom aqamde im `metri-
katurisTvis (`varskvlavi~)... rogorc Cans,
eswari erT gakveTils, ndobis gakveTils,
viT~ iqceodi, 3 000 kaci rom daayena fexze,
tyuilad
romelic lamis mTeli Tanamedrove samyaros
miwisZvris msxverplTa xsovnis sapativce-
modelad iqceva.
mulod... mkvdrebs pativi sca. cocxlebi ki
`vviSviSebdiT~ kanSi
qarTvele-
bi Temaze `italiuri kino mokvda~ da, rogorc Cans, marTlac mniSvnelovani movlena
bolo dros kanisa da berlinis festiva-
iyo qarTuli kinopavilionis gaxsna kanis
lebze damkvirda moda e.w. `mravalgmirian
festivalze. Tuki kino, romelic italiele-
filmebze~, romlebmac, wesiT da rigiT,
kargi grZnobaa, roca gaiazreb, rom `maswa-
bma
qorali unda Seqmnan ekranze, magram, iSvia-
vleblobas~ isev `mowafeoba~ sjobs. Tundac
qarTvelebs marTlac hqoniaT Sansi momaval
Ti gamonaklisis garda,
imitom, rom swavla arasdros dagaberebs.
festivalebze. darwmunebuli var, `gomoras~
lutur kakafoniad ufro aRiqmeba. mizezi
avtors araerTi qarTveli reJisori Cauta-
(niWis garda, ra Tqma unda), sworedac rom
rebda reJisuris gakveTilebs. axla mTavaria
samyaros mimarT maTi avtorebis undobloba,
gagvicnon.
mravalferovnebis daunaxavoba da sociolo-
waradgines kanSi, ase kargad fasdeba,
148 cxeli Sokoladi
es suraTebi abso-
daiviwya da fexze ayuryuta. rogor unda
gjerodes, axla, am kacis gulwrfelobis?
aRarc saxis gadaWimva dagWirdeba.
gana ar Rirda amisTvis valis aReba da kanis 61-e kinofestivalze gamgzavreba?
mdogvis
marcvlis wona
<<< dasawyisi gv. 64
ahmeds meCeTSi megobrebi hyavda, visac
sursaT-sanovage dahqondaT ojaxebSi. es
namdvili alya iyo. feluja amerikuli
jaris alyaSi iyo moqceuli, iordaniisken
mimavali gzebi gadaketili iyo. amerikelebi Setevas-Setevaze awyobdnen da qalaqSi
javSnosnebiT gadaadgildebodnen. mere ki
maT Tavs esxmodnen, isini ukan ixevdnen da
yvelaferi Tavidan iwyeboda.
`isini saxlebs, meCeTebs da saavadmyofoebs umizneben~.
ahmedi Tavis erT-erT seminariel megobars esaubra, romelic felujaSi cxovrobda. man mouyva, Tu ra xdeboda maSin,
roca oTxi kontraqtori mokles. mujahedebi Tavs daesxnen manqanas, mere ki ukan
daixies. gvamebi felujis macxovreblebma
dakides xeze. ahmedma Tavi gadaaqnia, Semdeg ki am istoriis yvelaze saSineli epizodi momiyva: `iq, felujaSi, erTi vinme
yasabi yofila brboSi, romelmac gvamebi
daanawevra, Semdeg ki xorcs xalxSi arigebda. viRac iq myofs uTqvams: dedaCems cota
xorci sWirdebao da yasabsac CamouWria
gvamisTvis xorci da miucia im kacisTvis~.
ali da ahmedi Zalian amayobdnen meamboxeebiT. maT TvalebSi siamayis cecxli
enTo. ahmedma miTxra:
`isini teroristebi ki ar arian, Tavis
samSoblos icaven~.
`SariaTis wesis Tanaxmad, _ amixsna alim,
_ akrZalulia, rom Senive qveyanaSi arCevnebi garedan mosulma Zalam Caataros.
SariaTi garkveviT ambobs, rom jihadSi
yvelam unda miiRos monawileoba~. `axla
mTavari brZolaa, _ Tqva ahmedma mkacrad
da darwmunebiT. _ bevri udanaSaulo daiRupeba, magram maT magivrad sxvebi movlen.
mkvdar amerikelebs ki veravin Secvlis.
Cven moklulebs Semdegi cxovrebis Sansi
eZlevaT, xolo daWrilebs ki SeuZliaT rac
moesurvebaT, is SesTxovon RmerTs. es morals amaRlebs, magram ra sargebeli eqneba
mas, Tu is urwmunos moklavs? me Tu iaraRs
vatareb da momklaven, mainc yvelanairad
mogebuli vrCebi; Tu momklaven, mogebuli
var da Tu gavimarjveb, maSinac mogebuli
vrCebi. meore mxares araviTari kompensa150 cxeli Sokoladi
cia ara aqvs. isini zecisgan arafers iReben, imitom, rom codvilebi arian~.
me gavaproteste misi naTqvami. ahmedma,
rogorc yovelTvis, moTminebiT amixsna:
`mujahedi Tavis qveyanas, Tavis Rirsebas,
Tavis rwmenas icavs.~
`magram isini xom Tqvensave qveyanas
anadgureben! Tqvens rwmenas ki araferi
emuqreba~.
`eraySi amerikelebma is gvarebi aRnusxes, vinc fajaris locvas asrulebs,
imitom, rom isini ZiriTadad mujahedebi
arian~.
`ki, magram, Tqven xom Tavisuflad SegiZliaT Tqvenive aRmsareblobis praqtika?
xom aravin giSliT yuranis swavlas an meCeTSi siaruls?~
`mgonia, rom isini msoflios yvela muslimis gamowvevas cdiloben. erayi mahmadianuri qveyanaa~.
`amerikelebs ar miaCniaT, rom muslimebs mxolod imitom ebrZvian, rom muslimebi arian~.
Cvens kamaTSi ali CaerTo.
`jariskacebi brZanebebs asruleben. maT
liderebs ki Zalian kargad esmiT. rasac
akeTeben~.
`ese igi, es namdvili omia~.
„Cven velodiT am dRes, _ miTxra alim,
gaormagebuli patriotuli SemarTebiT.
_ amerikelebi jer 1991 wels dagvesxnen
Tavs da Cveni armia gaanadgures; mere isev
Semogvities 1998 wels. isini gvitevdnen
haeridan, gvayridnen bombebs. maSin Cven
maT saxeebs ver vxedavdiT, magram exla
isini aqve, Cven gverdiT arian, Cvenive qalaqebis quCebSi; Cveni mkvlelebi Cvengan
Zalian axlos arian. mTeli Tavisi siZlieriT, TviTmfrinavebiT, tankebiT da bombebiT~.
„yvelaze uaresi, rac maT SeuZliaT gagikeTon, isaa, rom mogklan, _ Tqva ahmedma, _ magram Cven sikvdilis ar gveSinia.
muslimisTvis sircxvilia sikvdilis SiSi.
RmerTi Cvens mxarezea. alahi gamarjvebas
dagvpirda~.
vxvdebodi, rom alisTvis da ahmedisTvis sikvdili kargi iyo. is mowameobas,
samoTxes da Rirsebas, Cemnairi aTeistisTvis ki _ momavlis nihilistur uaryofas,
urTierTgagebis, sinanulis, patiebis, TanagrZnobis da mSvidobis SesaZleblobis
arqonas niSnavda.
ahmedi Seecada amazec epasuxa CemTvis.
`is, rac Tqven axla gaqvT, Tqvenive sicocxlea da TqvenTvis Zalian Znelia sicocxlis dakargva. Cven ki, win Semdegi sicocxle gvelis. sicocxles fasi ara aqvs,
inSalah. visurvebdi, rom Cemi Zmebi brZolaSi daixocon, vidre TavianT sareclebze.
am SemTxvevaSi isini Rirseuli sikvdiliT
mokvdebian. Cven ar gvwams, rom brZolas
SeuZlia gadados an daaCqaros sikvdili. es
ukve zecaSi weria. mas RmerTis neba ewodeba da Cvens uamrav problemas wyvets~.
`ho, vici _ vupasuxe, _ islami, morCileba~.
ahmedi dameTanxma.
`Tu airCie, rom muslimi iyo, ki ar unda
ikamaTo, aramed daemorCilo~.
ramdenime dReSi kufas samxreTiT gavemarTe Siitebis ajanyebis da maTi klerikali lideris, moqtada sadris sanaxavad. rom davbrundi, ahmeds movuyevi,
Tu rogor vnaxe Camogdebuli amerikuli
vertmfrenebi. SevekiTxe, ras fiqrobda
yovelive amaze.
`erTi mxriv, bednieri var, radganac es
intafadaa; meore mxriv ki _ naRvliani, amdeni adamianis daRupvis gamo~.
ali SemogvierTda da CvenTan Camojda.
„axla upiratesoba sunitebis mxareze
gadadis. guSin Rame adamiaSi brZolebi
iyo~.
„es jer kidev mxolod dasawyisia, ara?~
`inSalah,~ _ Tqva ahmedma.
`Tqven ras apirebT?~
`rac gasakeTebelia, imas~.
`gindaT, rom ibrZoloT?~
`gavakeTeb imas, rasac saqme moiTxovs~.
`iaraRi gaqvs?~
`ho. iaraRi jer kidev manamde gvqonda,
sanam baRdadi daecemoda. Cven gvaswavles
iaraRis xmareba~.
`vici, rom iaraRis xmareba yvelas mamam
gaswavlaT~.
`haeris pistoletebi gvqonda, _ ahmedi RimiliT daubrunda Tavis bavSvobas.
_ zogjer sanadirod davdiodi xolme im
pistoletiT. xSirad mSoblebisgan farulad. erTxel sakuTari Tavi davWeri mucelSi~.
`rogor? _ gamecina me.
`Cemken movmarTe~.
`ramdenis iyavi?~
`albaT, cxris.~
`ai, Sen kargi gakveTili: iaraRs sakuTari Tavis winaaRmdeg nu mimarTav.~
literaturuli kafe `qaravani~
warmogidgenT:
29 ivnisi, kvira, 15.00
Sexvedra filosofos zaza SaTiriSvilTan
liberaluri totalitarizmi
`cxeli Sokoladis~ Zveli nomrebi SegiZliaT
SeiZinoT 3 larad Semdeg misamarTebze:
literaturuli kafe `qaravani~,
furcelaZis 10
kostavas 22, leseliZis 33
sankt peterburgis 12, gudvili
parnasi,
santa esperansa,
ana da niko
<<< dasawyisi gv. 88
mokled da CvenTvis gasageb enaze rom
vTqvaT, warmatebuli da saerTaSoriso
aRiarebis mqone mecnieria da yvelaze
metad is swyins, rom dRes saqarTveloSi, mecnierebis xsenebaze, bevrs Semwynarebuli Rimili gadauvlis xolme saxeze; kidev is, rom razmaZis saxelobis
institutis mecnierTa saSualo asaki
60 welia.
niko: dasavleTSi Zalian prestiJuli
da dafasebulia mecniereba, mecnierebi
da universitetis profesorebi namdvilad gamorCeuli fenaa. anazRaureba
evropasTan SedarebiT amerikaSi gacilebiT ukeTesia, magram, is honoraric,
rasac vTqvaT, espaneli mecnierebi
Rebuloben, orjer aRemateba espanelebis saSualo Semosavals. es gaZlevs stimuls, Sinagan Tavisuflebas da
komfortulad grZnob Tavs sazogadoebasTan urTierTobaSi. saqarTvloSi
dRes sul amboben, rom CvenTvis prioritetulia turizmi, mec, bunebrivia,
araferi maqvs turizmis sawinaaRmdego,
magram imas, rom qveyana unda iyos mowodebuli maRalinteleqtualuri produqciis Seqmnaze, aravin ambobs. arada, swored esaa mTavari, esaa zogadi
Rirebuleba da ara erTi konkretuli
statia an, Tundac, erTi konkretuli
mecnieris warmateba.
saxelmwifos politika mecnierebis
152 cxeli Sokoladi
mimarT xSir SemTxvevaSi gaumarTlebelia. im reformebma, romelic unda
gatarebuliyo, realurad, mecnierebis
done win ver waswia. axla CvenTan ori
dapirispirebuli banakia. Zveli Taoba
da reformatorebi, romlebic atareben
axal politikas, reformebs. simarTle
giTxraT, verc erTis mxares ver vdgavar. rac gvqonda, sabWoTa struqturebi mecnierebaSi, imdenad moZvelda, rom
imis datoveba namdvilad ar SeiZleboda, veranair kritikas ver uZlebda. magram bevri ram, rasac axali reforma
iTvaliswinebs, sakamaToa. sakamaToa
is midgomac, rogorc reformatorebi
udgebian mecnierebas. magaliTad, aq
gadawyvites, rom ganurCevlad yvela
samecniero instituti gaeuqmebinaT
da universitetebisTvis mieerTebinaT,
ise, rom ar ukiTxavT, ra xdeboda, rogori done iyo am institutebSi. dasavleTSic asea, samecniero institutebi
universitetebSia Tavmoyrili, magram
iq, bolo xanebSi ixsneba swored im tipis damoukidebeli samecniero institutebi, rogorebic aq aris. vfiqrob,
swored noembris cnobili movlenebis
gamo, dRes institutebis gauqmebis
procesi droebiT SeCerebulia.
aris meore problemac _ survili
rom yofiliyo, ukeT SeiZleboda CvenSi
arsebuli resursis gamoyeneba. axalgazrda, magram ukve cnobili qarTveli
mecnierebi, mcire nawili aq da ZiriTa-
di nawili, vinc axlaxan an cota ufro
adre wavida ucxoeTSi, maTematikosebi
da fizikosebi, mzad arian Camovidnen,
gaakeTon erTi seriozuli universiteti, romelic, realurad, ar gvaqvs.
roca vxvdebiT xolme, amaze sul vsaubrobT, magram maT, samwuxarod, aravin
eZaxis. dRes CvenSi aseTi tendenciaa, _
amboben, rom universitetis reqtori an
samecniero institutis direqtori SeiZleba iyos saSualo donis mecnieri an
sulac ubralod menejeri. dasavleTSi
piriqiTaa, iq saswavlo-samecniero dawesebulebis xelmZRvaneli unda iyos
Zalian cnobili mecnieri. iq profesuraSi gradaciebia, da reqtorad, rogorc wesi, umaRlesi donis profesors
irCeven. es im universitetis prestiJia
da Tanac, reqtorma Zalian kargad unda
icodes is saqme, romelsac unda uxelmZRvanelos. ar SeiZleba mecniereba da
ganaTleba akeTon im xalxma, vinc arc
erTi icis da arc meore. sxvaTa Soris,
raRac procesebi daiwyo i. WavWavaZis
saxelobis universitetiSi, romelic
yvelaze universitetuli universitetia dRes saqarTveloSi. is, rac dRes
fundamentur mecnierebaSi xdeba, sagangaSoa. vici, rogorc aswavlian da
Cveni umaRlesi saswavleblebidan maTematikosi, ubralod, veRar gamova.
mTeli sistemaa dRes aRreuli, sruli
domxalia. es ukve aTwliani Cavardnaa
da ase Tu gagrZelda, mecnierTa axali
Taoba, ubralod, aRar gveyoleba. mecnierebisadmi damokidebuleba qveynis
Tu sazogadoebis ganviTarebis donis
indikatoria. dasavleTSi esmiT, rom
amis gareSe SeuZlebelia. es erT-erTi
mTavari rgolia, romlis amovardnac
arafriT ar SeiZleba. evropuli qveynebis mTavrobebi seriozulad afinasneben mecnierebas, nebismier mecnierebas.
amerikaze aRaraa laparaki, iq saswauli
Tanxebi ideba. iq afinanseben yvelafers, raSic odnav xedaven raime Rirebulebas. rom vadareb aqaur grantebis
sistemas, simwriT meRimeba...
ana Tbilisis saxelmwifo universitetSi, medicinis fakultetze aswavlis
da 100 lari aqvs xelfasi. misi sfero
gamoyenebiTia, bio-fsiqo socialuri
mecnierebebis TanakveTaa da axla amis
gayidvas, marketizacias cdilobs. ramdenime wlis win, ori seriozuli kvleva dagegma, erTi _ braitonSi, meore
_ stokholmSi, mtkicebulebaze damyarebuli midgomis Semosatanad re-
abilitaciis sferoSi. ambobs, rom es
gardauvalia, amis gareSe, ubralod,
SeuZlebelia muSaoba _ dRes, ganviTarebul qveynebSi swored ase, kvlevebze
dayrdnobiT muSaoben. CvenTan ki aseTi
tipis kvlevebi jerjerobiT araaqtualuria. anas kvlevebi rom ar daufinanses, ki ewyina, magram mixvda, rom ar
unda gabrazebuliyo _ iseTi mdgomareobaa saqarTveloSi, rom bunebrivia,
jer kvlevebis aucileblobas CvenTan
ver xedaven. amis Semdeg gadawyvita, im
sferoSi wasuliyo samuSaod, romelic
am tipis kvlevebs Tavad dagegmavda.
dRes ana bavSvTa dacvisa da deinstitucionalizaciis samTavrobo komisiis
teqnikur samdivnoSi muSaobs da didi
imedi aqvs, ramdenime weliwadSi misi
studentebi rom Seitanen proeqtebs,
maT ukve aRar etyvian uars. TviTonac
cdilobs bavSvTa keTildReobis reformaSi daeyrdnos swored im Sedegebs,
romelic kvleviTaa dadasturebuli.
axla TviTonaa kvlevebis momTxovni.
darwmunebulia, rom droTa ganmavlobaSi CvenTan es bazari Seiqmneba, gamocdilebac da kompentenciac ufro
meti eqnebaT da ramdenime weliwadSi
qarTuli okupaciuri Terapiis kvlevebis centris Camoyalibebasac SeZleben.
anas azriT, praqtikul saqmianobaSi kvlevebze dayrdnobiT muSaoba Sedegebs
da pasuxebs ufro cxads gaxdis da bevr
gaugebrobas aacilebs praqtikosebs.
ana: CemTvis warmateba ar aris damdgari Sedegi, warmateba ukve iqaa, sadac
adamianis momavlis xedva, molodinebi
pozitiurad icvleba. mirCevnia es resursi gavaZliero, vidre is, rom vTqva,
raRacas mivaRwie da meyofa. okupaciuri Terapevtebi gazomvad Sedegebze
vmuSaobT. Cems aRfrTovanebas iwvevs
adamiani, visac SedarebiT naklebi resursi aqvs an garemo zRudavs, magram
am resurss srulad amuSavebs _ Tu garemos problemas Sevumcireb da adaptaciis meqanizmebs vaswavli. samwuxarod, okupaciur TerapiaSi praqtikuli
muSaoba didi xani ver gavagrZele, sul
raRac oTxi-xuTi weli vimuSave. ra
Tqma unda, odesme isev davubrundebi
praqtikas. magram radganac am profesiis pirveli warmomadgenlebi viyaviT
saqarTveloSi, Cven winaSe sxva problemebi idga da ar mqonda imis fufuneba,
rom mxolod sakuTar Tavze mefiqra,
momewyo Cemi praqtika. damWirda Cemi
studentebisTvis, momavali profesio-
nalebisTvis saorganizacio saqmis gakeTeba, menejmentis awyoba. vin Segiqmnis
am praqtikis adgils? viRacam unda
gaakeTos Cveni sferos advokatireba
ufro maRal doneze. amas rom mivxvdi,
strategia Sevcvale. axla bavSvTa keTildReobis reformis sakoordinacio
organoSi vmuSaob, romelic aerTianebs
sam saministros, NGO seqtoric Cabmulia am saqmeSi da axla SemiZlia davasabuTo, rom es specialistebi, okupaciuri Terapevtebi, gansakuTrebuli
saWiroebis mqone bavSvebTan muSaobis
dros aucilebelia; ukve SemiZlia viRacebs gavukvlio gza. Zalian menatreba
furclebis iqiT, adamianebTan muSaoba,
magram axla es fufunebaa. rac Seexeba
mecnierebas, mesmis, rom Cemi sfero da
nikos sfero sruliad sxvadasxva mecnierebebia, magram CemTvis wamyvani Rirebuleba aqvs Cemi mecnieruli Sromis
aplikacias. meti resursis mqone qveyanas aqvs imis ufleba, rom daafinansos
idealisturi eqsperimentebi da kvlevebi. CemTvis ki sakiTxi ase idga _ ra
sjobs, zogadad es Tezisi davicva, rom
kvlevebi saWiroa da amaze memuSava, Tu
pirdapir mekeTebina kvlevebi, romlebic SeiZleba Semdeg gadaeyaraT. pirveli gza avirCie da axla mTeli reformis
procesi Cem Tvalwin midis. axla xdeba
sabWouri gadmonaSTis, didi zomis bavSvTa saxlebis deinstitucionalizacia, romelic gulisxmobs am saxlebis
Semcirebas da bavSvTa keTildReobis
gaumjobesebas, alternatiuli bavSvze
zrunvis momsaxurebebis ganviTarebis
xarjze. am saqmis iniciatori saxelmwifoa. Cvens kulturaSi bavSvs aqvs prioritetuli adgili da albaT, amitomac,
Zalian aqtiuri CarTulobaa yvela doneze. mixaria am cvlilebebis momswre
da monawile rom var.
ana aseTi enTuziazmiT melaparakeba
da Tan iseTi momarTulia, mgonia, rom
erTi wuTiT ar Cerdeba da dros tyuilad ar kargavs. nikos ki samuSaod siCume da ganwyoba sWirdeba. Tumca, isic
yvelanairad cdilobs, ara mxolod
sakuTari kariera aiwyos, aramed, zogadad qarTuli mecnierebis ganviTarebazec izrunos. CvenSi, bevr stereotipTan erTad, esec damkvidrebulia _
maTematikosebi da fizikosebi cotaTi
Seqanebulebi gvgonia, warmogvidgeba
Tmagawewili ainStainis xateba da, morCa! migvaCnia, rom maT amqveynad maTamatika-fizikis meti arc araferi ain-
teresebT. arc sociumi, arc garToba,
arc qalebi! simarTle giTxraT, niko
pirveli mecnieri maTematikosia, vinc
gavicani da imdenad gawonasworebuli
da dinji adamiani aRmoCnda, raRac gagebiT imdenad ubralo da Cveulebrivi,
rom Tavidan, cota ar iyos, gamikvirda kidec. TviTon sityvaZunwia, magram gverdiT energiuli da xalisiani
ana hyavs. ana mexmareba da bevr rames
mixsnis. meubneba, rom, Turme, maTematikaSic arsebobs erTgvari snobizmi. arseboben maTematikosebi, romlebic samecniero moRvaweobas romelime
cnobili da saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi
gadauWreli problemis gadaWris mcdelobebiT iwyeben, undaT, egreve revolucia moaxdinon. magram aq saSiSreobis winaSe dgaxar, _ SeiZleba, mTeli
cxovreba dakargo amaSi da ar Sedge,
rogorc mecnieri.
niko: Zalian SemoqmedebiTi procesia
maTematikis keTeba, Wvret raRacas, fiqrob amaze da raime Sedegamde rom mixvide, bevri Sroma gWirdeba. da Tu amis
Semdeg dasaxul mizans miaRwev, dgeba
magari siamovnebis momenti. es momenti
miT ufro Zlieria, rac ufro rTuli
iyo problema da meti dro ifiqre. es
erTgvari tvinis narkotikiviTaa, Tu
erTxel am process gemo gauge, veRar
daanebeb Tavs. amJamad studentebs ar
vaswavli, imitom, rom esec magdebs
muSaobis ritmidan, Tumca momavalSi aucileblad vapireb saqarTveloSi
da espaneTSic saswavlo procesSi Cabmas. axalgazrdebTan samuSao procesSi
yofna iseTive aucilebeli procesia
mecnierebis keTebisa, rogorc Tavad
problemebze fiqri da statiebis wera.
ubralod, mgonia, rom mecnierma jer
sakmarisi gamocdileba unda daagrovos da mere ifiqros, rom is sxvebs gadasces. arapraqtikosi mecnieris Sroma
aseTia _ arsebobs raRac problema, romelic sul Tvalwin gidgas da fiqrob,
sul fiqrob, roca dro gaqvs. xandaxan Ramec ver axerxeb gonebis gaTiSvas,
Ramec fiqrob. erT-erTi Cemi Sedegi,
romelic yvelaze metad momwons maT
Soris, rac gamikeTebia, Zilis Semdeg,
axalgaRviZebuls momivida TavSi. erT
dilasac gaviRviZe da mqonda mza idea,
romelic Semowmebis Semdeg dadasturda. arada, manamde erTi weli vfiqrobdi im raRacaze. roca aseTi daZabuli
gonebrivi samuSao gaqvs, aucilebelia,
ipovo raRac, rac gonebas ganmuxtavs.
cxeli Sokoladi
153
CemTvis es CogburTia. bavSvobidan vTamaSob, moyvarulTa turnirebSic gamovdiodi adre.
ana: eseni arian rutinulad momuSave
profesionalebi. romlebic wlebi da
wlebi raRac pataras aSeneben, TiTo
agurs deben. xandaxan mgonia, rom gamonaklisebi arian, saqarTveloSi ase cota
vinme Tu muSaobs. Zalian didi disciplina da gamZleoba sWirdebaT. amitomac, garkveuli pirobebi unda hqondeT.
vTqvaT, vTxove da waviyvane bazarSi,
meore dRes waviyvane avejis maRaziaSi,
mere miqseri gamifuWda, da iqac vTxove gayola. morCa, niko amis Semdeg aTi
dRe amovardnilia samuSao ritmidan
da aTi dRe vismen da viTmen mis buzRuns. an, vTqvaT, vizas roca iRebs
da iq gaanerviules _ morCa, iblokeba.
xandaxan mgonia, rom eseni yvelasagan
gansxvavebulad muSaoben. saqarTveloSi, rogorc wesi, xdeba energiis uecari ganmuxtvebi, mere midis amiT tkboba, da elodebian Semdeg amofrqvevebs.
am qveyanaSi tipuri da gavrcelebuli
frazaa, rom `olimpiadamde ori kvira
hqonda da gaimarjva, da didi dro rom
hqonoda, ras izamdao~. mecnierebaSi
ase ver imuSaveb, amitomacaa es sfero
aramimzidveli _ Zalian mZime Sromas
da mkacr disciplinas moiTxovs. vcdilob, nikos mivexmaro da davubalanso
muSaoba-dasvenebis reJimi. amaTi rutina sakvlevadac Zalian sainteresoa.
sul vakvirdebi reJims. produqti ar
Seiqmneba, Tu maT ar eqnaT racionalurad dagegmili dro da garemo. meore
mxriv ki, rac Zalian mniSvnelovani mgonia, mecnierebis Rirebulebis xelaxali
aRiareba da popularizacia sazogadoebis cnobierebas namdvilad aswevs. aq
rom marto marketinguli Rirebulebebi Semovides, zustad vici, rom xval
es daartyams literaturas, xelovnebas
da ukve daartya kidec. es energiebis
cvla aucilebelia.
SarSan nikom da misma kolegebma maTematikosTa saerTaSoriso konferencia
Caatares TbilisSi. warmomadgenlobiTi
konferencia iyo, bevri sakmaod aRiarebuli mecnieri Camovida. sabolood,
yvelaferma kargad Caiara, magram konferenciis organizatorebi Zalian gawvaldnen _ ori Tve erTi kabinetidan
meoreSi daiarebodnen da martiv kiTxvebze ver iRebdnen pasuxs. saqarTveloSi xom raime saqmis organizeba erTi
didi tanjvaa, kuriozebic SeemTxvaT.
154 cxeli Sokoladi
amas garda, radganac saqarTveloSi
dRes Zalian gaurkvevelia mecnierebis
momavali, nikom da misma megobrebma gadawyvites SeeqmnaT raime organizacia,
romelic maT, institutis gauqmebis SemTxvevaSi, ustatusod ar datovebda da
`mecnierebisa da teqnologiebis erovnuli centri~ Camoayalibes, magram
radganac saqarTveloSi veraniari saxsrebi ver moipoves, germanel mecnierebs
daukavSirdnen da axla germanelebTan
erTad apireben muSaobis gagrZelebas.
male folksvagenis fondSi proeqts
Seitanen dafinansebis mosapoveblad,
da radganac germenelebis mxridan maTi
partniorebi sakmaod seriozuli mecnierebi arian, am dafinansebis miRebis
realuri Sansi aqvT. analogiuri proeqti aqvT inglisel mecnierebTanac. amas
garda, TanamSromloben axaldaarsebul
`aibi evro-kavkasiur universitetTan~
TbilisSi; es axali qarTul-germanuli
universitetia, sadac axlaxan Camoyalibda maTematikis instituti. evropuli universitetis Sesabamisi pirobebi
jer ar aris, magram aqaurebTan SedarebiT, namdvilad Zalian maRali donisaa da vfiqrob, Cveni daxmarebiT ufro
ukeTesi gaxdebao _ ambobs niko.
is sfero ki, sadac ana moRvaweobs,
saqarTveloSi axla iwyebs ganviTarebas. Cven jer isic ki ver gagvirkvevia,
SezRuduli SesaZleblobebis adamianebs rogor mivmarToT. isini ZiriTadad
saxlebSi arian gamoketilebi. Tqven, sazogadoeba, maT umetesad ver xedavTo
_ meubneba ana. magram nel-nela aqacaa
dadebiTi cvlilebebi _ invalidobis
gagebis samedicino meTodi socialuriT icvleba.
ana: ra Tqma unda, aris problemebi,
Tundac, terminiT rom daviwyoT. mTel
msoflioSi termini `invalidi~ amoRebulia xmarebidan, magram amave dros,
Tu adamiani geubneba, rom damiZaxe
raRac, unda sce pativi mis azrs da
swored ise mimarTo, rogorc TviTon
surs. roca saqarTveloSi daiwera `SezRuduli SesaZleblobis mqone pirTa
(invalidTa) socialuri integraciis
koncefcia~, mis daweraSi Tavad invalidebi iRebdnen monawileobas da masSi
swored sityva `invalidi~ moixsenieba.
ise ki, sad gadis zRvari SezRudul SesaZleblobebsa da SeuzRudavs Soris?
CemTvis aseTi mkveTri zRvari ar arsebobs. adamiani SezRuduli, SeiZleba, bevri ramis gamo iyos, magaliTad,
drois, saxsrebis uqonlobis gamo. Cveni sazogadoeba normazea orientirebuli, Cven xom norma Zalian mogvwons _
me rom sami yuri mqondes, metyviT, rom
aranormaluri var. magram Tqven yvelas
rom gqondeT sami yuri da me ori, mainc
me viqnebi aranormaluri. sawyenia, adamianebis xma dRes CvenTan dakargulia,
Cven vmuSaobT imaze, rom maT TviTon
gansazRvron TavianTi cxovreba, TviTon iyvnen liderebi. CvenTan, samwuxarod, am adamianebs elementaruli pirobebi ar eqmnebaT, magaliTad, swavlis,
muSaobis. sabWoTa dros Tvlidnen, rom
adamiania defeqturi, axla aRmoCnda,
rom Tu am adamianebs maqsimalur SesaZleblobas uqmni da garemos cvli,
bevr sferoSi SeuZliaT miaRwion warmatebebs....
ana ambobs, rom Zalian uWirs dasvenebis reJimze gadarTva. axlac, roca
fexmZimedaa, dilis 9 saaTze gegmavs
Sexvedrebs; misi mobiluri marTla ar
Cerdeba, viRacas invalidis etli sWirdeba, viRac raionidanaa Camosuli da
saswrafod sTxovs Sexvedras. ar iRlebi-meTqi _ vekiTxebi da eRimeba, maSin
nikom rom momqoqa, imis mere sul momarTuli var, mgoni, cota zedmetic ki
mouvidao.
ana: nikosTan gansxvavebiT ufro optimisturad vudgebi yvelafers. varianti oria. pirveli _ Tqva, rom ar gamodis; meore _ Tqva, ar gamodis, magram
unda mivawveT. mjera, rom Cven Tu ar
viqnebiT warmatebulebi, marto Cvens
cxovrebas ki ara, sxva bevr ramesac daZiravs. Cven ase vcxovrobT, sxvebisagan
cota gansxvavebulad, oRond ar gvinda, amis gamo gariyulebi viyoT. sul
vsaubrobT da momaval cxovrebas sul
vgegmavT. ase, racionaluri dagegmviT
movediT aqamde. xSirad vlaparakobT
imazec, ras gavakeTebT sibereSi. Znelia, 19 wlisa ojaxs rom Seqmni, xandaxan vfiqrob _ ai, ojaxi rom ar myavdes,
rogor davgegmavdi dasvenebis reJims,
rogor gaverTobodi! magram mere vaanalizeb, rom nikosgan imxela mxardaWera
maqvs, amas ojaxis tvirTi ver gadawonis. niko inteleqtis testebSi asidan
asive qulas iRebs, mere me vbrazdebi
da aRar vkideb am testebs xels; magram,
warmoidgineT, mainc rogor iwevs Cemi
TviTSefaseba?! xom Zalian sxvadasxvanairebi varT, magram es gvaerTianebs _
warmatebulobaze orientireba.
SYNDICATE
104.3 FM
www.radiosyndicate.ge
gzad Tavisuflebisaken
<<< dasawyisi gv. 96
_ geTanxmebi, magram qarTul sazogadoebas, maSinac da dResac sxva problemebi adardebda. rogor fiqrob, ratom?
_ vilhelm raixi, erT-erTi pirveli
fsiqoanalitikosi, romelmac germanuli faSizmis kvleva daiwyo, mivida
daskvnamde, rom es sistema, faSizmi,
biurgerulma ojaxma warmoSva. misi
azriT, swored ojaxi iyo im totalitarizmis sawyisi, romelic SemdgomSi
germaniaSi gaCnda. igive problema CvenTanac dgas. qarTuli ojaxi individualizmis waSlis akvania. CvenTan imdenadaa
mSobeli da Svili erTmaneTze gadabmuli, rom adamianis individad dabadeba
TiTqmis ver xerxdeba. adamiani aq raRac Sua etapia sagvareulo jaWvisa,
156 cxeli Sokoladi
romelic iZulebulia mTeli cxovrebis
ganmavlobaSi Svilis roli moirgos _
mSoblis neba-survilze iaros. mSoblis
ukan ki mTeli naTesaoba da winaprebi
dgas da moiazreba. Cven sakuTari nebis
mixedviT ki ar vcxovrobT, aramed, winaprebis survilebs vasrulebT. adgili
sakuTari TavisTvis, individis dasawyisisaTvis aRar gvrCeba. mSoblebis mxridan es, bunebrivia, siyvarulis saxeliT
keTdeba da gvaviwydeba, rom siyvaruli,
romelic Zaladobas efuZneba, ukve aRaraa siyvaruli. mSobeli Svils Tvisuflebas ar aZlevs, ver egueba imas, rom
Svilma cxovreba ise moawyos, rogorc
surs. iseTi unda iyo, rogoric minda
me, mSobels! Svilis azrs, Tundac, mis
survilebs qarTveli mSobeli ver aRiqvams da hgonia, rom Svilis siyvaruli
am Zaladobis uflebas aZlevs.
ojaxSi arsebuli Zaladoba, zogadad,
universaluri fenomenia da, gansakuTrebiT, araemansipirebuli sazogadoebebisTvisaa damaxasiaTebeli. es modeli Semdeg bunebrivad vrceldeba mTel
sazogadoebaze da swored amis bralia,
rom saqarTveloSi individualizmisa
da tolerantulobis deficitia. 1968
wlis meamboxeebi swored araTavisufali ojaxuri urTierTobebis winaaRmdeg
gamodiodnen, am moZraobam, romelmac
Semdeg mTeli dasavluri sazogadoeba
moicva, bevri rame Secvala. 1996 wels
davwere statia qarTlis dedaze, mindoda meCvenebina, radganac Tavad qalia
araTavisufali, mas mTeli Tavis ararealizebuloba, araemansipirebuleba
sakuTar Svilze gadaaqvs da mis daTrgunvas cdilobs iseve, rogorc TviTonaa daTrgunuli. Svilis `kastracia~
iwyeba ojaxSi da, upirvelesad, swored
dedisgan. Tundac is xateba, romelic
iliam Seqmna qarTvlis dedis saxiT _
Semzaravi xatebaa. qali, romelic Svils
msxverplad badebs, badebs imitom, rom
raRacas an viRacas unda Seewiros. es
modeli ilias ar mougonia. es qarTul
kulturaSi, araTavisufali sazogadoebis safuZvelSi devs...
qsenofobia da ucxosadmi siZulvili,
romelic Cvens sazogadoebas axasiaTebs, sawyiss qarTuli ojaxidan iRebs. tradiciuli qarTuli ojaxisaTvis
miuRebelia ucxo da gansxvavebuli,
yvelaferi, rac ar Tavsdeba daxurul
ojaxur tradiciaSi. Tu Svili ar aris
iseTi, rogoric mSobels unda, ukve
avtomaturad, ucxo xdeba. es lamis katastrofas qmnis, ojaxuri tragediis
safuZveli xdeba. aucilebelia am mxriv
raRac Seicvalos: Svili, romelic gaizrdeba, unda wavides ojaxidan, unda
imuSaos, gaiWirvos, fizikurad iSromos da mSoblebze damokidebuli naklebad iyos.
qarTuli sazogadoebis avtoritaruloba bolo wlebSi kargad gamoCnda
iseT zedapirul formebSi, rogoricaa
ZeglTayvanismcemloba da quCebis saxelebi. esaa adamianis kultis Seqmna
sxvadasxva simboluri formiT. esec
kulturaSi devs da es araa SemTxveviTi. ase gaCnda zviadis kulti, SevardnaZis kulti, saakaSvilis kulti. Tumca, SevardnaZe TviTon iyo gacilebiT
ufro emansipirebuli, vidre gamsaxurdia da saakaSvili, magram isic imaves
akeTebda. gavixsenoT, rodesac Sevida
saakaSvili parlamentis SenobaSi da SevardnaZis Cai dalia. es ar momxdara SemTxveviT, es Zlieri simboluri Jestia,
esaa garkveuli legitimaciis miReba
winamorbedisgan. oRond legitimaciis
Zalian arqauli formaa. dRes politikosTa umetesoba idealad daviT aRmaSenebels da mis saxelmwifos gvisaxavs.
XII saukunis mefe, Suasaukuneebis despoturi tipis xelisufali, daviT aRmaSenebeli, aranairad ar SeiZleba XXI
saukuneSi idealad da simbolod vaqcioT. bolos da bolos, ra saxiT unda
iyos ideali? _ mezobeli qveynebis dapyrobebi daviwyoT Tu prezidentebs
gadadgomis win aRsarebebi davawerinoT? XXI saukuneSi XII saukunis modelis idealizacia politikuri azrovnebis srul deficitsa da degradaciaze
metyvelebs.
_ miTxari, rom cota xniT ginda dabrunde saqarTveloSi... qveyanaSi Seicvala rame Tu SenSi?
_ vfiqrob, Sevicvale da am 10 weliwads aRviqvam, rogorc pirovnuli
transformaciis wlebs. konkretulad
arafers vgegmav, magram aseT SesaZleblobas ar gamovricxav. mere ra, rom
dRevandel saqarTveloSi religiuri
fundamentalistebi da nacionalistebi mZvinvareben. es faqtia, magram Cven
SegviZlia vaCvenoT maT, rom maTi ar
gveSinia. SegviZlia, alternativa SevTavazoT. ar vgulisxmob raime axali
partiis Seqmnas. aucilebelia, rom saqarTveloSi samoqalaqo sazogadoeba
Seiqmnas. dRes arsebuli yvela partiis
pozicia erTnairad regresuli mgonia.
26 maiss opoziciis didi demonstracia
vnaxe, vuyurebdi da Tavi gasuli saukunis 80-iani wlebis bolos megona. isev
`jos~ Zaxili iyo. rogorc Cans, qarTul
politikur azrovnebaSi dro ar iZvris,
80-iani wlebis bolosaa gayinuli. kidev
ufro gaaqtiurda Suasaukuneebis cnobiereba. gvaqvs raRac ucnauri hibridi
_ XIX saukunis nacionalizmi Serwymuli Suasaukuneebis religiurobasTan.
saqarTveloSi bolo wlebSi Tavad eklesiis sekularizacia moxda. dRes
eklesia rasac iZleva, es sulierebis
fast-fudia. CvenTan realuri sulierebis deficitia da es eklesiis gaZlierebas uwyobs xels. adamiani kulturisgan
am sulierebas ver iRebs, midis eklesiaSi da iq miRebuli surogatiT cdilo-
bs Tavis motyuebas. eklesiis meTaurma
ilia II swored eklesiis sekulariziciis xarjze da misi SerwymiT nacionalizmTan Seqmna raRac axali tipis religia, romelic gansxvavdeba klasikuri
tipis marTlmadideblobisgan. iseTi
formulebi, rogoricaa `zeciuri saqarTvelo~, `saqarTvelo gabrwyindeba~,
`saqarTvelo aRsdga~ _ aseTi hibridulobis gamoxatulebebia. marTmadidebloba midrekilia nacionalizmisaken.
Una sancta _ erTi da mTliani, zenacionaluri eklesia, marto kaTolicizmSia.
aRmosavlur qristianobaSi eklesia yovelTvis saxelmwifos da xelisuflebis ideologiuri instrumenti iyo. araa
SemTxveviTi, rom bolSevizmi marTlmadideblur ruseTSi warmoiSva. sabWoTa kavSiris daSlis Semdeg ki eklesiam
daikava is adgili, Caenacvla im ideologiur vakuums, romelic komunisturi ideologiis gaqrobis Semdeg mTel
postsabWoTa sivrceSi gaCnda. sabWoTa
periodSi mosaxleobis udidesi nawili
erTguli iyo im ideebisa, rasac maT sabWoTa propaganda awvdida. eklesia Caenacvla amas, isaa moraluri avtoriteti, ereva mediis saqmianobaSi, cdilobs
cenzura SemoiRos, akontrolos, daawesos SezRudvebi. Tuki adre partmuSakebi gvkarnaxobdnen cxovrebis wesebsa da
normebs, dRes maTi adgili samRvdeloebam daikava. principi ki ucvleli darCa. eklesia Sevida skolaSi da es forma
bevrad ufro anaqronulia, vidre sabWoTadroindeli akrZalvebi. marTlmadidebluri eklesiis ideologiasTan
SedarebiT, sabWoTa ideologia ufro
emansipirebuli iyo. magaliTad, ar moiTxovda, gogonebs Tavsafari daexuraT
an koWebamde kaba cmodaT da arc prezervativebis gavrcelebas zRudavda.
dRevandeli qarTuli eklesia sabWoTa
mentalobis reanimatoriumia, swored
aqaa stalinuri yaidis totalitaruli
cnobiereba dakonservebuli, romelic
sruliad agresiuli formiT yofacxovrebis yvela sferos dapyrobas da
gakontrolebas, adamianebis fsiqikur manipulacias cdilobs. saqarTveloSi,
baltiis qveynebisgan gansxvavebiT, ar
moxda dasavluri Rirebulebebis Semosvla da damkvidreba, rodesac qarTveli
politikosebi acxadeben, rom dasavluri saxelmwifos aSeneba undaT, dasavleTi mxolod ekonomikur keTildReobad
warmoudgeniaT, sxvas verafers xedaven.
Tanamedrove dasavluri civilizaciis
centrSi adamianis uflebebi, umciresobebis Tanasworuflebianoba, socialuri samarTlianoba dgas. demokratiuli
saxelmwifo laicisturia, rac saxelmwifos eklesiisgan gamijvnas gulisxmobs. qarTveli politikosebis udidesi nawili ki agresiuli nacionalizmisa
da lamis religiuri fundamentalizmis
propagandas eweva. aseT viTarebaSi ar
unda gagvikvirdes Tuki evrokavSiri an
nato saqarTvelos sakuTar struqturebSi integracias ar Cqarobs. agresiulma
nacionalizmma da Sovinizmma afxazeTis
tragediamde migviyvana. rodesac saqarTvelos teritoriul mTlianobaze
vlaparakobT, xSirad gvaviwydeba, rom
am `dakargul teritoriebze~ adamianebi cxovroben, romlebsac 1992 wels
SeiaraRebuli
qarTvelebi
saxlebSi
Seuvardnen da dawiokeba dauwyes. es
faqtia, rogori mZimec unda iyos amisi
aRiareba da am samarcxvino laqas yvelafris ruseTze gadabralebiT ver wavSliT. sisxlian konfliqtebs win uZRoda
antiafxazuri da antiosuri kampaniebi,
rodesac qarTveli politikosebi Tu
istorikosebi afxazebs da osebs gadamTielebsa da CamoTreulebs uwodebdnen. saqarTvelos gamTlianeba Cven
cnobierebaSi unda daiwyos, eTnocentristuli Sovinizmis gadalaxviTa da
imis aRiarebiT, rom afxazebic da osebic saqarTvelos ara `stumrebi~, aramed
organuli, mkvidri da Tanasworuflebiani mosaxleobaa. gambedaoba sakuTari Secdomisa da danaSaulis ariareba,
bodiSis moxdaa da ara muqara. swored
esaa dasavluri Rirebulebebi da ara
promeTes Zegli an sakuTari uZvelesi
evropelobis mtkiceba. gavixsenoT, buSi
Camovida da saqarTvelos xelisuflebam misi saxeli quCas daarqva. es Zalian
simptomaturi Jestia da kargad gviCvenebs, Tu rogori bundovani warmodgena
aqvT qarTvel politikosebs amerikasa
da, zogadad, dasavlur Rirebulebebze.
es antidasavluri da antidemokratiuli Jestia, sruliad avtoritaruli da
stalinisturi Sinaarsis. Cven gvgonia,
rom pativi veciT buSs, roca misi, cocxali adamianis saxeli quCas vuwodeT.
arada, es daaxloebiT igivea, pativiscemiT niSnad buSisTvis al-qaidas mebrZolis moWrili yuri an moWrili xeli rom
mierTmiaT. aseTi ram imaze metyvelebs
Tu ramdenad araadakvaturia Cven mier
dasavleTis aRqma.
cxeli Sokoladi
157
oficiozis erTgulma kaTedris gamgem
aRiqva es faqti, rogorc zurgSi Cartymuli dana. is maSinve mixvda, rom ver
SeebrZoleboda kacobriobis beladis
SemTxveviT wamosrolil frazasac ki da
usityvod dayara farxmali. me ki dResac
Tvalwin midgas siamovnebiT moqirqile
Salva nucubiZis saxe, romelmac sabWoTa
ideologiis mesaWe misive iaraRiT daamarcxa.
ho _ sicocxles!
<<< dasawyisi gv. 114
es saTauric ra gamaognebeli iyo: `simRera Cems Sesaxeb~:
me, uolt uitmeni, kosmosi,
didebuli manhatanis Ze,
ficxi, mSfoTvare, xorcieli, brge,
axovani, kargi msmeli,
modgmis gamCeni,
urcxvi da morcxvi Tanaziarad...
RmerTo Cemo, ra bednierebis momtani
iyo es gataceba! da ra netareba _ am Soreuli _ manhataneli _ poetis Targmna!
me Tavs vuwodeb sxeulis mgosans
da kidev me var sulis mgosani.
CemSia zecis netareba auracxeli
da jojoxeTis tanjvac CemSia,
me netarebas visisxlxorceb da vazviadeb,
xolo wvalebas vametyveleb axali eniT...
vin ras CurCulebs sikeTeze, borotebaze,
me borotebas win mivyavar da borotebis
daTrgunvasac
me win mivyavar,
vdgavar gulgrili da udardeli
da vrwyav yvelafers, rac gaizarda.
158 cxeli Sokoladi
uitmeni iqca jer Cemi sakursos, mere
sadiplomos, mere disertaciis da bolos, wignis Temad. da maSin daiwyo Cemi
pirveli namdvili brZola xelmZRvanelobasTan. mTeli kaTedra dairazma sabWoTa studentis auxsneli survilis
winaaRmdeg _ daewera sakurso da sadiplomo naSromi sruliad ucxo ideologiis poetis Sesaxeb. me ki, raime
sxva Temaze fiqric ar SemeZlo. dResac
udidesi madlierebis grZnobiT vixseneb Cems xelmZRvanels _ givi gaCeCilaZes, romelic pirvelive dRidan mxarSi
amomidga, aSkarad daupirispirda kaTedris xelmZRvanels da ase, erToblivi
brZoliT mivaRwieT sawadels. magram
disertaciasTan dakavSirebiT namdvili omi gaCaRda! me viSveliebdi yvela
SesaZlebel arguments, xan vtirodi,
xan vyvirodi, uari kategoriuli iyo.
gadamarCina Salva nucubiZis (disertaciis xelmZRvanelis) aRmoCenam: Turme,
demian bednisadmi miweril werilSi stalini axsenebda uitmens, Tanac dadebiT
konteqstSi: `rogorc ambobs amerikeli
uitmeni, `Cven cocxlebi varT, da Cveni
alisferi sisxli Cqefs dauxarjavi Zalebis cecxliT~.
daiwyo tenisis 4 didi Slemis turniridan erT-erTi _ frangebis saamayo rolan
garosi. am siamayes Tan sdevs mudmivi sinanuli imis gamo, rom 1983 iyo ukanaskneli weliwadi, rodesac fragma kacma _
ianik noam moigo Sejibreba.
1927 wels frangebma amerikaSi mouges amerikelebs devisis Tasi. reglamentis mixedviT sapasuxo matCi Semdeg
wels unda Catarebuliyo gamarjvebulis qveyanaSi. da ai, ase, erT weliwadSi,
aSenda es mSvenieri stadioni, romelzec
frangebis ganTqmulma gundma, e. w. `oTxma muSketerma~ sapasuxo matCic moigo da
1932 wlamde aravisTvis dauTmia pirveloba.
didi Slemis oTxi turniridan mxolod
rolan garosi tardeba gruntze, anu datkepnil miwaze. am safars iseTi Taviseburebebi aqvs, rom sruliad gansxvavebuli stili sWirdeba. grunti anelebs
burTs, is ufro maRla xteba, amitom Semtevi stilis da badesTan TamaSis ostat
CogburTelebs uWirT am safarze TamaSi.
swored amitom jimi konorsma, pit samprasma da rojer federerma ver moiges
rolan garosi da ver gaakeTes didi Slemi, rac oTxive turniris mogebas niSnavs.
federeri welsac igive imediT Camovida
parizSi, amitom molodinic udidesi
iyo.
ianik noa Tavis siyvaruls ucxadebs
rolan gaross: es miwaa, aq grZnob miwasTan siaxloves, amitom yvelaferi ufro
dramatulia.
rolan garosze moxvedra Cemi didi
xnis ocneba iyo. SarSan ver SevZeli bileTis Sovna, wels adridanve daviWire
Tadarigi da gavxdi oTxi dRis bileTis
mflobeli! visac tenisi uyvars, is gamigebs, ra emociebs iwvevs es faqti.
sanaxaoba ki marTlac grandiozulia.
sami uzarmazari centraluri korti, da
kidev 17 saSualo zomis. kortebs Soris
_ ekrani-giganti, sadac aCveneben cen-
Le Marais
franguli restorani
misamarTi: abaSiZis 32
tel.: 22 40 83
el. fosta: [email protected]
tralur kortebze mimdinare TamaSebs.
zRva xalxi. sayovelTao mRelvareba, sixaruli, sasowarkveTa. magram yovelTvis
_ keTilganwyoba da Tavazianoba.
aris rolan garosSi raRac Zalian parizuli, Tavisi ganwyobiT, eleganturobiT,
qalebis CacmulobiT, gastronomiiT...
moxdenil xorblisfer kostiumebSi gamowyobili auracxeli momsaxure personaliT, usazRvrod Tavaziani da amomwuravi pasuxebiT SekiTxvebze... yuradRebiT
burTebis Semgrovebeli biWebis mimarT,
romelTac turniris bolos gansakuTrebul madlobas uxdian... fantastikuri
emociurobiT.
qalTa Soris CemTvis bevri samwuxaro
ram moxda. jer erTi, turniris dawyebidan ramdenime dRiT adre tenisidan wavida belgieli Jiustin eneni, msoflios
pirveli nomeri, rolan garosis samgzis
gamarjvebuli, romelsac mogebis realuri Sansi hqonda. pirvelive turebSi
damarcxdnen debi uiliamsebi... da axla
TasisTvis ibrZoleben mxolod aRmosavleT evropis da ruseTis warmomadgenlebi.
pirveli dRe emociebiT iyo datvirTuli: teniss emSvidobeboda rolan garosis samgzis Cempioni, msoflios yofili
pirveli Cogani, frangebis sayvareli,
TmaxuWuWa gustavo kuerteni. is jer
gulamoskvniT tiroda, mere gadaexvia
Tavis dammarcxebel pol-anri maties da
mimarTa xalxs aseTi sityvebiT: `rolan
garosi _ Cemi siyvaruli, Cemi sicocxle,
Cemi vneba. bednieri var, rom samjer movige aq, magram kidev ufro bednieri var
imiT, rom vinawilebdi TqvenTan siyvaruls~. is daajildoves muSketerebis
TasiT. xalxi grialebda _ guga, guga!
gugas Rvarad Camosdioda cremlebi, Cem
garSemo ori axalgazrda gogo xmiT qviTinebda. bolos kuertenma gulSi Caikra
Tasi da gaiRima, gaxsnilad da keTilad.
da ase RimiliT daemSvidoba acremlebul xalxs.
rolan garosi _ yovelgvari emociebis
_ sixarulis, bednierebis, sasowarkveTis
savane. aq tiris yvela, kaci, qali. tiris
damarcxebuli, gasagebia, ratom. magram
aseve tiris gamarjvebuli, `es sixarulis cremlebia~, cxadia. tiris mayurebeli, sixaruliT Tu sasowarkveTiT. yvebian aseT istorias: msoflios erT-erTi
saukeTeso moTamaSe _ santana finalSi
eTamaSeboda Tavis megobars _ pietranjelis da moigo. rogorc ki gaTavda TamaSi, is gaqanda kortis meore mxarisken,
160 cxeli Sokoladi
gadaaxta bades, orive xeli SemoaWdo
Tavis mowinaaRmdeges da aqviTinda. da
karga xnis manZilze damarcxebuli amaod
cdilobda gamarjvebulis damSvidebas.
tenisi, da kerZod, rolan garosi, Tavazianobis da, me vityodi, raindulobis samefoa. aq tradiciaa, bodiSis moxdis niSnad xeli auwio mowinaaRmdeges, Tu Seni
burTi moxvda bades da ise Cavarda kortSi, aseve taSi daukra mowinaaRmdegis gansakuTrebiT kargad dartymul burTs.
viyavi qalTa finalze. TamaSobdnen
serbi ana ivanoviCi da rusi dinara safina. orive _ 183 simaRlis, oRond, safinasgan gansxvavebiT, ivanoviCi _ Txeli, eleganturi da momxiblavi. komentatorebi
mas mxolod ase moixsenieben _ mSvenieri
ana. tenisistTa silamazis `konkursSi~
man Sarapovasac gauswro. hoda, mSvenierma anam Zalian iolad daamarcxa safina,
romelic wina dRes ambobda: yvelafers
gaviReb am TamaSisTvis, Tu unda movkvde, movkvdebi kortze (?!). guSin ki am
Tavganwirvis araferi etyoboda. dalaslasebda moedanze, rogorc winaswar damarcxebuli da sul iolad waago kidec.
21 wlis mSvenieri ana ki erTdroulad
zeimobda didi Slemis pirvel tituls
da msoflios pirveli nomris wodebas.
aseve advilad mougo rafael nadalma
naxevarfinalSi kidev erT serbs _ novak jokoviCs. saerTod, es axalgazrda
espaneli, rolan garosis sami titulis
mflobeli, marTlac daumarcxebeli Cans
gruntze. daqris kortze, rogorc qariSxali, swvdeba praqtikulad yvela
burTs da Tavs acxreba mowinaaRmdeges
uZlieresi dartymiT.
wina dRes, naxevarfinalSi erTmaneTs
Sexvdnen msoflios pirveli Cogani _
rojer federeri da klasifikaciiT 59-e
Savkaniani frangi _ gael monfisi. mayurebeli usazRvrod Relavda. naxevarfinalSi moulodnelad gasuli monfisi ki
marTlac saocreba iyo. ai, vin aklavda
namdvilad Tavs TamaSs. awowili, Tvalebgadmokarkluli,
eqstravagantuli,
xumara, mayureblis gamrTobi, sasacilo da amiTive mimzidveli monfisi uecrad frangebis kerpad iqca. `kauCukis
gaeli~ _ ase eZaxian mas komentatorebi.
misi siswrafe mxolod nadalisas Seedreba, isic qariviT dafrinavs kortze,
Tan sasacilo isaa, rom Tavis TavganwirvaSi Zalian xSirad ecema, ufro swored,
iSxlarTeba kortze, magram raki kauCukisaa, maSinve wamoxteba da iseTive TavgamodebiT mirbis, erTi-orjer dacemulma
dartymac ki moaxerxa. stadioni gminavda.
am TavdadebiT man erTi seti mainc waarTva msoflios pirvel nomers, ris gamoc
presam gmirad monaTla.
dabolos _ kacebis finali! jer kortze gamovidnen sxvadasxva drois Cempionebi: nastase, santana, pietranjeli, vilanderi, aranCa sanCesi, kuerteni, ianik
noa, biorn borgi _ TmaSeTeTrebuli da
Zalian eleganturi, `nadalis gamoCenamde gruntis batoni~... nadali, Tavisi
grZeli SortebiT, mwvane maisuriT da
mwvane bandoTi, seriozuli da SublSeWmuxnili, da federeri, klasikuri lurji SortiT da maisuriT da aseve klasikurad momRimare. da daiwyo Serkineba,
romelic pirvelive geimidan nadalis
triumfad iqca. espaneli _ odnav ufro
swrafi, odnav ufro Zlieri, magram es
odnav sakmarisi iyo imisaTvis, rom federeri Tavidanve ganwiruli yofiliyo
wasagebad. da mainc, saocari angariSi
iyo: eqvsiT erTi, eqvsiT sami da eqvsiT noli! stadioni erTsulovnad mxars
uWerda Sveicarels, magram amaod. mere
Sedga tradiciuli dajildoebis ceremoniali, gansakuTrebiT sasiamovno moTamaSeTa qcevis gamo. jildoebi borgma
gadasca. gadaexvia federers, romelmac
isev ver aisrula ocneba da ver gaakeTa
didi Slemi da mainc iRimeboda gaxsnilad da keTilad. federerma miuloca
nadals: is Zalian Zlieri iyo da yvelafriT majobao. magram imedi maqvs, rom
gaisad davbrundebi da ukeTes TamaSs gaCvenebT... mayurebeli ovaciebiT Sexvda
am gancxadebas. mere ilaparaka nadalma,
is, Cveulebisamebr, ar iRimeboda, magram
iseTive sulgrZeli iyo: _ yovelTvis
aRfrTovanebuli var federeriT, cxadia, misi TamaSiT, magram aseve misi qceviT moedanze. es magaliTia yvelasTvis.
vwuxvar, rom wels ver iTamaSa, rogorc
SeeZlo. _
da uceb gaiRima da daumata: _ is aris
saukeTeso pirveli nomeri msoflioSi
da me saukeTeso meore.
aseT keTilSobilur notze dasrulda
es mSvenieri rolan garosi, anu `emociebis miwa~, rogorc mas frangebi eZaxian.
`vladimer putinis Semdeg, vladimer
putini~, _ aseTi saTauriT daibeWda daniel vernes werili 4 ivnisis `le mondSi~. werili sayuradReboa CvenTvis da
amitom vTavazob mas Cvens mkiTxvels:
`imisaTvis, rom abuCad aegdo amerikis
sagareo politika, henri kisinjerma erTxel warmoTqva fraza, romelic Semdgom
sayovelTaod cnobili gaxda: `evropa? xom
ar metyviT telefonis nomers?~ ruseTTan
dakavSirebiT aseTi kiTxva ar ibadeba. mixeil saakaSvilma farda axada saidumlos.
roca mas SekiTxva dausves moskovTan kontaqtebis Sesaxeb, man gulwrfelad Tqva:
`yovelTvis, roca vurekav medvedevs, maerTeben putinTan~. axali premier-ministris viziti parizSi da misi interviu `le
mondTan~ adasturebs am faqts. kremlis
namdvil Sefad isev rCeba putini, miuxedavad imisa, rom is oficialurad aRar aris
misi samuSao adgili. yvelaferi gvafiqrebinebs, rom medvedevis moqmedebis are
Zalian SezRudulia da es gansakuTrebiT
TvalSi sacemia imis gamo, rom misi arCevis momentSi gaCnda imedi, rom mas hqonda
survili gansxvavebuli yofiliyo Tavisi
winamorbedisagan...
... natos gafarToebasTan dakavSirebiT
putins ar Seucvlia pozicia, miuxedavad
amerikelebTan xangrZlivi bWobisa da dasavleTis ukandaxevisa, romelmac buqarestis samitze uari Tqva ukrainis da saqarTvelos statusis amaRlebaze. kerZod,
germaniam da safrangeTma gadawyvites `ar
gaeRizianebinaT ruseTi~. rusebma maSinve upasuxes. Caijibes ra es daTmoba, maT
gaaZlieres TavianTi upiratesoba axali
siZneleebis SeqmniT. eWvqveS daayenes yirimis ukrainisadmi kuTvnileba da dasves
sevastopolis sazRvao bazis sakiTxi.
saqarTveloSi isini aZliereben isedac
Zalian Zlier kavSirebs or separatistul regionTan, afxazeTTan da samxreT
oseTTan. akontroleben administracias,
uzrunvelad arigeben rusul pasportebs, zrdian jarebs `mSvidobis misiis~
sababiT. amaswinaT, moskovma gamoacxada,
rom agzavnis 300 `uiaraRo~ jariskacs
Savi zRvis gaswvriv mimavali rkinigzis
aRsadgenad. amgvarad, zamTris olimpiuri TamaSebi, romlebic olimpiurma komitetma uboZa mezobel qalaq soWs, gadaiqca afxazeTis mcocavi aneqsiis sababad.
fiqsirebuli abscesi, ufro sasargeblo,
vidre damoukidebloba.
mokled, isini, vinc dasavluri sifrTxilis sapasuxod elodnen Sesatyvis
Jests ruseTisgan, sastikad Secdnen.
piriqiT, buqarestis gadawyvetileba putinma aRiqva, rogorc sisustis niSani,
da axla Cqarobs mis gamoyenebas.
es ar aris axali, magram aris gakveTili dasafiqreblad~.
da `le mondis~ kidev erTi, 8 ivnisis
statia. afasebs ra sankt-peterburgis
dsT-s Sexvedras, Jurnalisti mari Joze
wers :
`Cven SegviZlia TviTon movagvaroT
Cveni problemebi, Tqven rogor fiqrobT? _ mimarTa medvedevma saakaSvils.
2 aprilis natos samitis mere, sadac
ukrainam da saqarTvelom miiRes natoSi
gawevrianebis dasturi, ruseTma gaaZliera Tavisi samxedro yofna afxazeTSi.
im dros, roca parizSi myofma putinma
`le mondTan~ interviuSi ganacxada, rom
saqarTvelos mier separatistebisTvis
SeTavazebuli mSvidobis gegma samarTliania, moskovi agzavnis regionSi 300
jariskacs moskovisa da soxumis damakavSirebeli rkinigzis aRdgenis sababiT.
amas moyva dasavleTis mZafri reaqcia. natos generalurma mdivanma Seferma moiTxova `asobiT jariskacis
saswrafod gayvana, radganac es arRvevs
saqarTvelos suverenitets~. samxedro
yofnis gaZlierebiT ruseTi eWvqveS
ayenebs Tavis mediatoris rols konfliqtSi. ramdenic ginda amtkicos ruseTis diplomatiam, rom 3000 jariskaci afxazeTSi mSvidobas icavs, presaSi
gamoqveynebuli fotoebi maT realur
miznebs aaSkaravebs. isini aCveneben samxedroebs, romlebic ikaveben poziciebs rkinigzis gaswvriv.
am bolo kvirebis manZilze sul ufro
da ufro ikidebs fexs idea, rom evrokavSiri ufro metad unda CaerTos konfliqtis mogvarebaSi. xuTSabaTs, evroparlamentma gamoTqva eWvi ruseTis
samSvidobo Zalebis neitralitetsa da
miukerZoeblobaSi. saqarTvelos unda,
rom samoqalaqo policiam evrokavSirisa
da euTos egidiT aiRos es misia Tavis
Tavze. evrokavSiris diplomatiis Sefma,
xavier solanam, romelic imyofeboda saqarTveloSi da kerZod afxazeTSi, moiTxova am procesSi evropis Cabma~...
daiwyo popularuli festivali `parizis gazafxuli~. bastiliis operaSi mReris ansambli `marani~. afiSa gvamcnobs:
`2001 wels qarTuli polifoniuri simRera gamocxadda kacobriobis aramaterialuri kulturuli memkvidreobis Sedevrad. daarsebuli iuneskos mier 1997
wels, es saerTaSoriso jildo emsaxureba msoflios kulturuli memkvidreobis
dacvas da ganviTarebas.~
frangi kacebis gundi. scenaze gamodian
Coxosani momRerlebi, erTs xevsuruli
perangi acvia. frangebi mRerian qarTul
mravalxmian simRerebs, da es Zalian, Zalian sasiamovnoa. mRerian popularul
simRerebsac da iseTebsac, rogoric me
arasodes momismenia. mRerian siyvaruliT
da gatacebiT. am gundSi erTi qarTvelia
_ daTo kveselava. is mere saelCoSic iyo
mosuli da gviyveboda, rogor adgenen repertuars, Turme, saqarTveloSic dadian
da iq adgilebze eZeben da swavloben imas,
rac moewonebaT, aqac CamohyavT `Zvelebi~,
rogorc TviTon eZaxian asakovan momRerlebs da maTi xelmZRvanelobiT amuSaveben
sxvadasxva kuTxis simRerebs. saRamo saaTnaxevari gagrZelda. frangi msmeneli aRfrTovanebuli Canda. `bisze~ ramdenime simRera amReres. Oovaciebi ar cxreboda. da
Tumca, Cven sakmaod ganebivrebuli varT
am mxriv da mogvismenia sam xmaSi namReri
Cveni simRerebi iaponelebis Tu amerikelebis SesrulebiT, mainc sxvanairad amiCqrolda guli, roca mSvenierma frangma
biWma _ bertranma _ ulamazesi pirveliT
SemosZaxa guruli krimanWuli!
imReres `daigvianes~... da maSinve Soreuli warsulidan amotivtivda suraTi: svaneTi, alpinisturi banaki `nakra~,
ukrainelebis daarsebuli. Cveni, qarTuli `oceuli~, saxelganTqmuli dilis
xazze dagvianebebiT, saerTod _ uwesrigobiT, magram aseve _ kargi sportuli maCveneblebiT, kldeze saukeTeso
cocviT, `sportul SejibrebebSi~ _ magaliTad, grovad dayrili fexsacmelebidan sakuTaris amorCevaSi da yvelaze
swrafad CacmaSi _ gamarjvebebiT, da
kidev _ simReriT. marTalia, namdvilad
kargi momRerali CvenSi aravin iyo, magram raRacnairad yvela vmRerodiT, da
enTuziazmi xom usazRvro gvqonda. TavgamodebiT vemzadebodiT koncertisTvis.
yvelaze saguldagulod `daigvianes~ davamuSaveT. solos gaiozi (SaraSiZe), CvenSi saukeTeso momRerali, ambobda, Cven
ki yvela _ gogoeb-biWebianad _ bans vaZlevdiT. gamovediT scenaze. gaiozma SemosZaxa `daigvianes, jer arsad Canan~...
Cven didi mondomebiT gavabiT bani _
ooo... da yvelaferi mSvenivrad midioda,
vidre erTma rusma biWma aRSfoTebiT ar
dagviZaxa, gaCumdiT, mReris kaci, xels nu
uSliTo! ase Cagvivarda kovzi nacarSi.
bastiliis operis scenaze ki qarTul
mravalxmianobaze Seyvarebuli frangi biWebi tradiciuli `mravlJamieriT~
emSvidobebian aRtacebul mayurebels.
cxeli Sokoladi
161
ax
i
al
o Tbili
i
d
s Si
ra
icani nacnobi